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There has been increase published literature including review studies regarding Family Presence during Resuscitation (FPDR), however, there is no review focusing on the Asian settings that have varied cultures, religions and economic levels and health systems. Therefore, we aim to investigate the concept and implementation of FPDR in Asian settings based on the perception and experience of patients, families and health care providers.

Additional file 1: Table A1. Initial 42 nutritional risk indicators, ranked and placed in quartiles (Round 1, part 1), displaying per cent agreement of key stakeholders (Round 1, part 2) and the expert panel (Round 2). Table A2. Nutritional Risk Indicators, ranked and placed in quartiles, displaying agreement percent and weighted mean scores of key stakeholders (Round 3). Table A3. Principal Component Analysis of the final 15 nutritional risk indicators. Table A4. Component score coefficient matrix for the four components with the validated importance ranking of nutritional indicator variables. Figure A1. Scree plot of eigenvalues after principal component analysis

Additional file 2.

Background To improve nutritional assessment and care pathways in the acute care setting, it is important to understand the indicators that may predict nutritional risk. Informed by a review of systematic reviews, this project engaged stakeholders to prioritise and reach consensus on a list of evidence based and clinically contextualised indicators for identifying malnutrition risk in the acute care setting. Methods A modified Delphi approach was employed which consisted of four rounds of consultation with 54 stakeholders and 10 experts to reach consensus and refine a list of 57 risk indicators identified from a review of systematic reviews. Weighted mean and variance scores for each indicator were evaluated. Consistency was tested with intra class correlation coefficient. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the indicators. The final list of indicators was subject to Cronbach’s alpha and exploratory principal component analysis. Results Fifteen indicators were considered to be the most important in identifying nutritional risk. These included difficulty self-feeding, polypharmacy, surgery and impaired gastro-intestinal function. There was 82% agreement for the final 15 indicators that they collectively would predict malnutrition risk in hospital inpatients. Conclusion The 15 indicators identified are supported by evidence and are clinically informed. This represents an opportunity for translation into a novel and automated systems level approach for identifying malnutrition risk in the acute care setting.

Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.

Additional file 3. The model of consent form.

Additional file 2. Stroke Health Coaching Diary.

Background Rapid response teams generally consist of multidisciplinary specialist staff members with advanced knowledge and skills to manage deteriorating patients outside of the intensive care unit. These teams consist predominantly of intensive care unit nurses, who often undertake intensive care unit and rapid response team duties concurrently. Little has been published on the impact of these nurses’ absence while attending a rapid response call on the nursing workforce, patient care, and resource allocation in the intensive care unit. Objective To explore the impact of nurses’ absence due to attending rapid response calls in other areas of the hospital on service delivery and resource allocation in the intensive care unit. Methods A comprehensive search of 3 databases was performed to identify studies on relationships among the rapid response team, the intensive care unit, and nursing staff. Results The search yielded 6 quantitative studies, 2 qualitative studies, and a mixed-methods study that were included for analysis. Four key themes were identified: (1) workforce, staffing processes, and resource allocation; (2) alterations to workload and resource allocation; (3) adverse events or incidents; and (4) funding variability of rapid response team models. Review of the studies indicated that dual intensive care unit and rapid response team nursing roles have negative effects on nurses’ workload, increase the risk of adverse events, and may compromise patient safety. Conclusion The staffing of both the intensive care unit and the rapid response team should be examined carefully with an eye toward sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and clear outcome measures.

Title. Psychological adjustments made by postburn injury patients: an integrative literature review. Aim. This paper is a report of a review examining the variables that predispose individuals to significant psychological maladjustment following burn injury. Background. The psychological sequelae of burn injury are well documented; however, the variables that influence individuals' adjustment following burn injury lack consideration. Data sources. MEDLINE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, and Psychological Abstracts were searched using the keywords burn injury, psychological, psychosocial, rehabilitation, premorbid psychopathology, adjustment, reintegration, body image, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, coping. Other sources were found from a manual search of nursing, medical and psychological literature and references of identified and related papers. The search strategy was limited to English-language research published between 1997 and 2008. Review methods. An integrative review of the studies was conducted over a 6-month time period during 2007-2008. Results. Burn patients are a heterogeneous group and typically have comorbidities. While preburn personality and coping strategies can influence long-term psychological adjustment, the relationship between postburn adjustment and burn size and severity, and gender are poorly understood. Much of the literature focuses on the prevalence of psychological maladjustment rather than on identifying variables that influence psychological adjustment. Conclusion. The diversity and complexity that characterize burn patients lead to unique adjustment difficulties. Recognizing these difficulties is the first step to offering appropriate intervention and treatment for this unique patient group. Refereed/Peer-reviewed