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1. Haller’s vessels patterns in non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Author

Riccardo Sacconi, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Marco Casaluci, Bruno Lumbroso, Giuseppe Querques, Enrico Borrelli, Marco Rispoli, Eleonora Corbelli, Francesco Bandello, Maria Cristina Savastano, Sacconi, R., Cicinelli, M. V., Borrelli, E., Savastano, M. C., Rispoli, M., Lumbroso, B., Corbelli, E., Casaluci, M., Bandello, F., and Querques, G.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Reticular pseudodrusen, genetic structures, Retinal Drusen, Drusen, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Geographic Atrophy, Ophthalmology, Age related, En face optical coherence tomography, medicine, Humans, In patient, Fluorescein Angiography, Tomography, Retrospective Studies, Choroid, business.industry, Settore MED/30 - MALATTIE APPARATO VISIVO, Age-related macular degeneration, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Sensory Systems, Geographic atrophy, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Optical Coherence, Reticular connective tissue, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, sense organs, business, Choroidal patterns, Tomography, Optical Coherence
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) en face reconstruction of the choroid in different phenotypes of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), to identify the relative distribution of the vascular patterns of the Haller’s layer in each AMD category. Methods: Retrospective study enrolling consecutive patients with non-neovascular AMD. Patients were divided into the following: (1) those with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD); (2) those with small (< 63μm) or medium–large drusen (63–124μm); (3) those with geographic atrophy (GA). Qualitative analysis of the en face images provided by CIRRUS HD-OCT 5000 (Carl Zeiss Meditech, Inc., Dublin, USA) was performed, identifying five arrangements of Haller’s vessels: temporal herringbone, branched from below, laterally diagonal, double arcuate, and reticular. Choroidal thickness (CT) was measured from structural OCT. Healthy age-matched subjects were included as a control group. Results: Fifty-eight eyes of 58 patients (20 eyes with RPD; 22 eyes with drusen; 16 eyes with GA) and 18 control eyes were enrolled. The laterally diagonal configuration was the most prevalent (40.0%) in the RPD group; the reticular pattern was the most frequent in the drusen group (50.0%); the double arcuate (62.5%) was the most recurrent pattern in patients with GA. In the control group, the temporal herringbone (38.9%) arrangement was the most represented. The CT associated with the temporal herringbone and reticular arrangement was significantly higher compared to the branched from below (p < 0.001), the laterally diagonal (p = 0.014), and the double arcuate pattern (p = 0.009). Conclusion: Different phenotypes of non-neovascular AMD present a specific distribution of vascular arrangement on en face OCT. The temporal herringbone and the reticular pattern (the ones more associated in a physiological setting) disclosed a thicker choroid compared to the arrangements more represented in non-neovascular AMD-correlated phenotypes.

Published
2020
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2. Effect of COVID-19-related lockdown on ophthalmic practice in Italy: A report from 39 institutional centers

Author

Roberto dell’Omo, Mariaelena Filippelli, Gianni Virgili, Francesco Bandello, Giuseppe Querques, Paolo Lanzetta, Teresio Avitabile, Francesco Viola, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Semeraro, Luciano Quaranta, Stanislao Rizzo, Edoardo Midena, Giuseppe Campagna, Ciro Costagliola, Paola Marolo, Carlo Enrico Traverso, Michele Iester, Carlo Alberto Cutolo, Claudio Azzolini, Simone Donati, Elias Premi, Paolo Nucci, Stela Vujosevic, Giovanni Staurenghi, Ferdinando Bottoni, Francesco Romano, Domenico Grosso, Enrico Borrelli, Riccardo Sacconi, Paolo Milella, Simone Ganci, Mario R. Romano, Gabriella Ricciardelli, Davide Allegrini, Marco Casaluci, Davide Romano, Giorgio Marchini, Francesca Chemello, Camilla Amantea, Rino Frisina, Elisabetta Pilotto, Raffaele Parrozzani, Daniele Veritti, Valentina Sarao, Tognetto Daniele, Massimo Busin, Francesco Parmeggiani, Katia De Nadai, Luca Furiosi, Rodolfo Mastropasqua, Bruno Battaglia, Matteo Gironi, Stefano Gandolfi, Enrico Luciani, Paolo Mora, Costantino Schiavi, Patrizia Bertaccini, Alessandro Finzi, Matilde Roda, Carlo Cagini, Marco Lupidi, Fabrizio Giansanti, Daniela Bacherini, Gianmarco Tosi, Elena De Benedetto, Marco Nardi, Michele Figus, Chiara Posarelli, Cesare Mariotti, Vittorio Pirani, Michele Nicolai, Stefano Bonini, Marco Coassin, Antonio Di Zazzo, Mariacristina Savastano, Alfonso Savastano, Gloria Gambini, Umberto De Vico, Leopoldo Spadea, Andrea Iannaccone, Carlo Nucci, Federico Ricci, Francesco Aiello, Gabriele Gallo Afflitto, Leonardo Mastropasqua, Giada D’Onofio, Federica Evangelista, Lorenza Brescia, Pasquale Napolitano, Paolo Polisena, Nicolina Gianfrancesco, Domenico Trivisonno, Francesco Petti, Francesca Simonelli, Settimio Rossi, Antonio Tartaglione, Nicola Rosa, Maddalena De Bernardo, Cristiana Iaculli, Anna Valeria Bux, Giulia Maggiore, Francesco Boscia, Giancarlo Sborgia, Maria Oliva Grassi, Vincenzo Scorcia, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Guglielmo Parisi, Salvatore Cillino, Francesco Alaimo, Pasquale Aragona, Alessandro Meduri, Antonio Pinna, Andrea Sollazzo, Enrico Peiretti, Emanuele Siotto, dell’Omo, Roberto, Filippelli, Mariaelena, Virgili, Gianni, Bandello, Francesco, Querques, Giuseppe, Lanzetta, Paolo, Avitabile, Teresio, Viola, Francesco, Reibaldi, Michele, Semeraro, Francesco, Quaranta, Luciano, Rizzo, Stanislao, Midena, Edoardo, Campagna, Giuseppe, Costagliola, Ciro, Marolo, Paola, Traverso, Carlo Enrico, Iester, Michele, Cutolo, Carlo Alberto, Azzolini, Claudio, Donati, Simone, Premi, Elia, Nucci, Paolo, Vujosevic, Stela, Staurenghi, Giovanni, Bottoni, Ferdinando, Romano, Francesco, Grosso, Domenico, Borrelli, Enrico, Sacconi, Riccardo, Milella, Paolo, Ganci, Simone, Romano, Mario R., Ricciardelli, Gabriella, Allegrini, Davide, Casaluci, Marco, Romano, Davide, Marchini, Giorgio, Chemello, Francesca, Amantea, Camilla, Frisina, Rino, Pilotto, Elisabetta, Parrozzani, Raffaele, Veritti, Daniele, Sarao, Valentina, Daniele, Tognetto, Busin, Massimo, Parmeggiani, Francesco, De Nadai, Katia, Furiosi, Luca, Mastropasqua, Rodolfo, Battaglia, Bruno, Gironi, Matteo, Gandolfi, Stefano, Luciani, Enrico, Mora, Paolo, Schiavi, Costantino, Bertaccini, Patrizia, Finzi, Alessandro, Roda, Matilde, Cagini, Carlo, Lupidi, Marco, Giansanti, Fabrizio, Bacherini, Daniela, Tosi, Gianmarco, De Benedetto, Elena, Nardi, Marco, Figus, Michele, Posarelli, Chiara, Mariotti, Cesare, Pirani, Vittorio, Nicolai, Michele, Bonini, Stefano, Coassin, Marco, Di Zazzo, Antonio, Savastano, Mariacristina, Savastano, Alfonso, Gambini, Gloria, Vico, Umberto De, Spadea, Leopoldo, Iannaccone, Andrea, Nucci, Carlo, Ricci, Federico, Aiello, Francesco, Afflitto, Gabriele Gallo, Mastropasqua, Leonardo, D’Onofio, Giada, Evangelista, Federica, Brescia, Lorenza, Napolitano, Pasquale, Polisena, Paolo, Gianfrancesco, Nicolina, Trivisonno, Domenico, Petti, Francesco, Simonelli, Francesca, Rossi, Settimio, Tartaglione, Antonio, Rosa, Nicola, Bernardo, Maddalena De, Iaculli, Cristiana, Valeria Bux, Anna, Maggiore, Giulia, Boscia, Francesco, Sborgia, Giancarlo, Grassi, Maria Oliva, Scorcia, Vincenzo, Giannaccare, Giuseppe, Parisi, Guglielmo, Cillino, Salvatore, Alaimo, Francesco, Aragona, Pasquale, Meduri, Alessandro, Pinna, Antonio, Sollazzo, Andrea, Peiretti, Enrico, Siotto, Emanuele, Dell'Omo, R., Filippelli, M., Virgili, G., Bandello, F., Querques, G., Lanzetta, P., Avitabile, T., Viola, F., Reibaldi, M., Semeraro, F., Quaranta, L., Rizzo, S., Midena, E., Campagna, G., Costagliola, C., Marolo, P., Traverso, C. E., Iester, M., Cutolo, C. A., Azzolini, C., Donati, S., Premi, E., Nucci, P., Vujosevic, S., Staurenghi, G., Bottoni, F., Romano, F., Grosso, D., Borrelli, E., Sacconi, R., Milella, P., Ganci, S., Romano, M. R., Ricciardelli, G., Allegrini, D., Casaluci, M., Romano, D., Marchini, G., Chemello, F., Amantea, C., Frisina, R., Pilotto, E., Parrozzani, R., Veritti, D., Sarao, V., Daniele, T., Busin, M., Parmeggiani, F., De Nadai, K., Furiosi, L., Mastropasqua, R., Battaglia, B., Gironi, M., Gandolfi, S., Luciani, E., Mora, P., Schiavi, C., Bertaccini, P., Finzi, A., Roda, M., Cagini, C., Lupidi, M., Giansanti, F., Bacherini, D., Tosi, G., De Benedetto, E., Nardi, M., Figus, M., Posarelli, C., Mariotti, C., Pirani, V., Nicolai, M., Bonini, S., Coassin, M., Di Zazzo, A., Savastano, M., Savastano, A., Gambini, G., Vico, U. D., Spadea, L., Iannaccone, A., Nucci, C., Ricci, F., Aiello, F., Afflitto, G. G., Mastropasqua, L., D'Onofio, G., Evangelista, F., Brescia, L., Napolitano, P., Polisena, P., Gianfrancesco, N., Trivisonno, D., Petti, F., Simonelli, F., Rossi, S., Tartaglione, A., Rosa, N., Bernardo, M. D., Iaculli, C., Valeria Bux, A., Maggiore, G., Boscia, F., Sborgia, G., Grassi, M. O., Scorcia, V., Giannaccare, G., Parisi, G., Cillino, S., Alaimo, F., Aragona, P., Meduri, A., Pinna, A., Sollazzo, A., Peiretti, E., and Siotto, E.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.medical_treatment, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Trauma, phacoemulsification, glaucoma, retinal detachment, choroidal neovascular membranes, venous occlusive disease, corneal transplantation, Trauma, choroidal neovascular membranes, retinal detachment, Retrospective Studie, Settore MED/30, medicine, Retrospective analysis, choroidal neovascular membrane, Humans, venous occlusive disease, Retrospective Studies, corneal transplantation, glaucoma, phacoemulsification, Communicable Disease Control, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Retinal Detachment, Settore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivo, business.industry, Retinal detachment, General Medicine, Phacoemulsification, Surgical procedures, medicine.disease, Surgery, Ophthalmology, business, trauma, Human
Abstract

Background/objectives: To compare the number of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy in the 2 months following the beginning of lockdown (study period) because of COVID-19 epidemic with those performed in the two earlier months of the same year (intra-year control) and in the period of 2019 corresponding to the lockdown (inter-year control). Methods: Retrospective analysis of surgical procedures carried out at 39 Academic hospitals. A distinction was made between elective and urgent procedures. Intravitreal injections were also considered. Percentages for all surgical procedures and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) events were calculated. A p value Results: A total of 20,886 versus 55,259 and 56,640 patients underwent surgery during the lockdown versus intra-and inter-year control periods, respectively. During the lockdown, only 70% of patients for whom an operation/intravitreal injection was recommended, finally underwent surgery; the remaining patients did not attend because afraid of getting infected at the hospital (23%), taking public transportation (6.5%), or unavailable swabs (0.5%). Elective surgeries were reduced by 96.2% and 96.4%, urgent surgeries by 49.7% and 50.2%, and intravitreal injections by 48.5% and 48.6% in the lockdown period in comparison to intra-year and inter-year control periods, respectively. IRRs for RRDs during lockdown dropped significantly in comparison with intra- and inter-year control periods (CI: 0.65–0.80 and 0.61–0.75, respectively, p Conclusion: This study provides a quantitative analysis of the reduction of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy because of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Published
2022

3. Morphofunctional analysis of the retina in patients with type 1 diabetes without complications after 30 years of disease

Author

Francesco Gelormini, Riccardo Sacconi, Lea Querques, Giuseppe Querques, Gianpaolo Zerbini, Marco Casaluci, Francesco Bandello, Enrico Borrelli, Giacomo Mulinacci, Adriano Carnevali, Francesca Lamanna, Sacconi, R., Lamanna, F., Borrelli, E., Mulinacci, G., Casaluci, M., Gelormini, F., Carnevali, A., Querques, L., Zerbini, G., Bandello, F., and Querques, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Population, Nerve fiber layer, Visual Acuity, lcsh:Medicine, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Retina, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, lcsh:Science, education, Aged, Type 1 diabetes, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, lcsh:R, Diabetes, Retinal, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Retinal diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, chemistry, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Visual Field Tests, lcsh:Q, Female, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Microperimetry, Tomography, Optical Coherence
Abstract

There is a lack of studies evaluating the sub-clinical retinal changes in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and without history of systemic/ocular complications. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate sub-clinical structural and/or vascular retinal changes in patients with long-term (≥30 years) T1DM and without systemic/ocular complications (“happy few” patients) using structural optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography and microperimetry. Twelve eyes of 12 consecutive T1DM patients (mean age 52 ± 12 years, mean duration of disease 35 ± 3 years, mean HbA1c level 7.3 ± 2.8%), without micro/macrovascular complications associated with long-standing T1DM, and twelve healthy subjects were consecutively included. No statistically significant differences were disclosed comparing patients and controls for age, sex, best-corrected visual acuity, central macular thickness, and choroidal thickness. Using OCT-angiography, we did not find any significant difference in foveal avascular zone area, perfusion density, vessel length density, and tortuosity. Moreover, no significant differences were disclosed in retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thickness using structural OCT. No differences were disclosed in retinal sensitivity by microperimetry. New diagnostic tools are able to confirm the presence of a particular population of patients with type 1 diabetes who have been completely spared from diabetic retinal complications. The finding of these “happy few” patients could help us to better understand and target future treatments for diabetes.

Published
2019

4. Quantitative changes in the ageing choriocapillaris as measured by swept source optical coherence tomography angiography

Author

Riccardo Sacconi, Enrico Borrelli, Francesco Gelormini, Alessandro Rabiolo, Lea Querques, Giuseppe Querques, Adriano Carnevali, Marco Casaluci, Luigi Capone, Francesco Bandello, Eleonora Corbelli, Sacconi, R., Borrelli, E., Corbelli, E., Capone, L., Rabiolo, A., Carnevali, A., Casaluci, M., Gelormini, F., Querques, L., Bandello, F., and Querques, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, Fovea Centralis, choriocapillari, healthy subject, optical coherence tomography angiography, vessel diameter index, perfusion density, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Foveal, vessel density, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, vessel length density, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, aging, choriocapillaris, healthy subjects, business.industry, Choroid, Length density, Healthy subjects, Outcome measures, Retinal Vessels, Optical coherence tomography angiography, Middle Aged, Sensory Systems, Vessel diameter, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ageing, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Female, business, Perfusion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Tomography, Optical Coherence
Abstract

AimTo analyse quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters of choriocapillaris (CC) at the foveal, perifoveal and parafoveal regions in healthy subjects of different age.MethodsIn this observational cross-sectional study, consecutive healthy subjects underwent swept source OCTA (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA). 3×3 mm and 6×6 mm scans centred on the fovea were acquired analysed and postprocessed with thresholding and binarisation processes. The main outcome measures included CC quantitative OCTA features (perfusion density (PD), vessel length density (VLD) and vessel diameter index (VDI)) at the foveal, perifoveal and parafoveal regions, and their relationship with age.ResultsSeventy-two eyes (72 patients, mean age 47.4±19.2 years, mean axial length 24.0±0.7 mm) were included. The mean PD was statistically lower in the foveal region compared with the parafoveal region in 3×3 mm scans (p=0.009). In subjects aged 70–80, PD of the foveal region was significantly reduced compared with the perifoveal region in 6×6 mm scans (p=0.008). A strong negative correlation was found between PD and ageing in the foveal, parafoveal and perifoveal regions (pConclusionsWe reported in vivo a strong negative correlation between PD and ageing in the CC of healthy subjects. This reduction seems related to a reduced diameter, and not to a reduced number, of capillaries. The age-related changes were higher in the central area compared with the perifoveal area.

Published
2018

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