Search

In July 2023, Canadian author Madeleine Thien joined the program of the first European Summer School in Canadian Studies (ESSCS), co-organized by the Centres for Canadian Studies at the Universities of Vienna and Innsbruck. In a reading and an author’s talk with Helena Oberzaucher, she talked about reading, writing, and literature and read from her acclaimed novel Do Not Say We Have Nothing.&nbsp

A coherent workforce strategy and consensus on essential staffing requirements are needed to ensure quality in long-term care (LTC) homes. We have neither in Canada. No Canadian studies, investigator driven or commissioned, exist to guide us. We generally rely on 20-year-old US recommendations, although we have never actually implemented them. During, and in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that an insufficient workforce was at the root of much of the failure in LTC to manage the pandemic. This commentary frames research on staffing and LTC homes and the impact of COVID-19. It then outlines key ingredients, such as knowledge of residents, the workforce and the care environment, that are needed in order to estimate staffing needs. Recommendations for decision makers are provided.

Background: Despite well-documented challenges in recruiting physicians to rural practice, few Canadian studies have described the role physician payment models may play in attracting and retaining physicians to rural practice. This study examined the perspectives of rural primary care physicians on the factors that attract and retain physicians in rural locations, including the role that alternative payment models (APMs) might play. Methods: This was a qualitative study involving in-depth, open-ended interviews with rural primary care physicians practising under fee-for-service (FFS) models and APMs in Alberta, Canada. Participants were recruited from the Rural Health Professions Action Plan member list (consisting of physicians practising in rural or remote locations in Alberta) and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta online database. Interviews were conducted April to June 2020, and data were analyzed using a thematic framework approach. Results: Fourteen physicians were interviewed. There were 5 themes identified: factors that attract physicians to rural practice, barriers and challenges associated with rural practice, the potential role of APMs in recruitment and retention, factors that physicians consider in deciding to change payment models, and physician perceptions of APMs compared with FFS models. Participants expressed that APMs may have some role to play in retaining rural physicians but identified professional challenges, and family-related and personal factors as key determinants. Most FFS physicians indicated that they were interested in exploring APMs provided specific concerns were addressed (e.g., clear and adequately compensated APM contracts, and physician involvement in the development of APMs). Interpretation: Primary care physicians practising in rural regions in Alberta view payment models as one consideration among many in their decision to pursue rural practice. Alternative payment model contracts designed with the input of physicians may have a role to play in attracting and retaining physicians to rural practice.

Nous examinons la présence des langues et des variétés de langue dans Hadassa de Myriam Beaudoin (2006). Le roman illustre la circulation du français, de l’anglais, du franglais, du yiddish et de l’hébreu dans la municipalité d’Outremont et le quartier du Mile End. Le plus important objectif de l’article est l’étude du lien entre l’hétérolinguisme et la pratique langagière des protagonistes. Nous procédons par induction, parce que nous déchiffrons la conception du monde des écolières hassidiques à partir de leur pratique langagière. Nous déterminons les facteurs qui motiveraient le changement de langue ou de variété de langue dans des situations d’énonciation spécifiques. We examine the presence of languages and language varieties in Hadassa by Myriam Beaudoin (2006). The novel illustrates the circulation of French, English, Franglais, Yiddish and Hebrew in the municipality of Outremont and the Mile End district. The most important objective of the article is the study of the link between the heterolingualism and the linguistic practice of the protagonists. We proceed by induction, because we decipher the worldview of Hasidic schoolgirls on the basis of their linguistic practice. We determine the factors that would motivate a change of language or language variety in specific enunciation situations.

La théâtralité est l'un des thèmes récurrents des premiers recueils d'Alice Munro. Qu'il s'agisse de performances artistiques ayant lieu sur scène ou de rôles sociaux endossés par les personnages, tout ou presque dans ces recueils est propice à la mise en scène. Il y a en outre une occurrence du terme « théâtral » qui n'appartient ni au domaine artistique, ni au domaine social, mais plutôt à celui de la psychologie. Proche des concepts de « théâtralisme » et « d'histrionisme », il est le point d'orgue des manifestations théâtrales dans ces recueils. Theatricality is a leitmotif in Alice Munro's first short story collections. From artistic performances taking place on stage to social roles assumed by the stories' characters, almost everything in the environment created by Munro seems to be conducive to dramatization. Furthermore, Munro often uses the word “theatrical” in a sense neither entirely artistic nor social, but rather psychological. Such “theatricalism” or “histrionism” appears to be the climax of theatrical manifestations in these collections.

Drawing on psychoanalysis, Atwood’s second novel, Surfacing, masterly depicts the suppression of trauma and the mechanisms that allow it to reconfigure. The article investigates the implications of the protagonist’s abortion for her concept of self, as well as manifests the objectification of a pregnant woman during both labouring and abortive procedures. It scrutinizes what role the relationship between the heroine and her late mother plays in the identity formation and the healing process of the former, emphasizing the importance of intergenerational transmission. En s’appuyant sur la psychanalyse, le deuxième roman d’Atwood, Surfacing, décrit magistralement la suppression du traumatisme et les mécanismes qui permettent de l’accepter. L’article montre comment l’avortement de la protagoniste influence sa vision d’elle-même, ainsi que le fait de traiter une femme enceinte comme un objet pendant les procédures de travail et d’avortement. Il analyse le rôle que joue la relation entre l’héroïne et sa défunte mère dans la formation de l’identité et le processus de guérison de la première, soulignant l’importance de la transmission intergénérationnelle.

Si l’appellation « littérature québécoise » voit le jour pendant la Révolution tranquille, le processus d’affirmation d’une identité explicitement québécoise grâce à la littérature se développe bien plus tôt. En effet, Claude Gauvreau, dont la production s’étend de 1944 à 1971, fait part, à travers ses œuvres, d’une réflexion concernant le lien complexe qu’entretiennent langue, identité et société. La littérature se transforme dès lors en un laboratoire expérimental ayant pour but de déterminer ce qui constitue la particularité des francophones de l’Amérique du Nord. Elle se présente également comme l’espace rêvé d’une révolution à venir grâce à la dénonciation d’une société au système de valeur obsolète. La création artistique devient à la fois un moyen de résistance et une façon de réfléchir à plusieurs aux modalités de la constitution d’une identité collective, tout en laissant place aux singularités individuelles. If the denomination “Québécois literature” emerged during the Quiet Revolution, the process of establishing a genuine Québécois identity through literature flourished much earlier. Indeed, Claude Gauvreau, whose production extended from 1944 to 1971, showed through his writing a reflection on the complex link between language, identity and society. As a consequence, literature became an experimental laboratory designed to identify what constituted the particularity of North America’s Francophones. Literature also stood as a fantasy space for an upcoming revolution, thanks to the denunciation of a society based on an obsolete system of values. The artistic production therefore became a means of resistance, as well as a way to reflect together on the terms of the constitution of a collective identity, while making room for remarkable singularities.

Les missions catholiques féminines dans les territoires autochtones canadiens, dans leurs dimensions contemporaines, sont laissées à la marge par les travaux universitaires. Cette contribution est un plaidoyer pour l’intensification et le renouvellement de ce champ de recherche dont il ne faut pas sous-estimer l’ampleur. Entre la situation d’urgence face à une histoire et une réalité qui tend à disparaître, et dont il faut conserver les traces, et la reconnaissance d’une histoire coloniale et assimilatrice, le propos s’articule autour des difficultés et des enjeux inhérents à ces recherches et propose des pistes de réflexion pour sortir du piège colonial. Catholic women’s missions in Native Canadian territories, in their contemporary dimensions, are on the sidelines of academic work. This contribution is a plea for the intensification and renewal of this field of research, the scope of which should not be underestimated. Between the emergency faced with a history and a reality that is disappearing, and whose traces must be preserved, and the recognition of a colonial and assimilative history, this paper focuses on the difficulties and challenges inherent to these studies and proposes ways of thinking about how to get out of the colonial trap.

Winfried Siemerling’s The Black Atlantic Reconsidered: Black Canadian Writing, Cultural History, and the Presence of the Historical Past, to put it mildly, is an impressive piece of scholarship that will stand as one of the definitive works on the histories of Black writing in Canada for the foreseeable future. In his preface, Siemerling states that he embarked upon this undertaking when he learned, to his surprise (one is reminded here, incidentally, of Katherine McKittrick’s injunction that Black Canadian Studies is always constituted as a “surprise”), that there had been little written about Black contemporary writing aside from a few of the comprehensive and encyclopedic works that George Elliot Clarke published in the early to mid-1990s. It is this pioneering work upon which Siemerling builds. He starts with a discussion of “Modernity and Canadian Time-Spaces of the Black Atlantic” in his first chapter and introduction, where he lays out the analytical and conceptual approach of the work. Part 1, “Early Testimony and the Black Canadian Nineteenth Century,” includes chapters titled “Slavery and Early Black Canadian Writing” and “The Black Canadian Nineteenth Century.” Part 2, “The Presence of the Past,” highlights chapters that expand on the themes of “Slavery, the Black Canadian Nineteenth Century, and Caribbean Contexts in Contemporary Black Canadian Writing” and move into a discussion of what he calls “Other Black Canadas” and “Coda: Other Canadas, Other Americas, the Black Atlantic Reconsidered.”

I conduct a meta-analysis of the Canadian minimum wage literature, using meta-regression methods to determine whether this literature has a publication bias and the size of the empirical effect after adjusting for this bias. For teenagers, the demographic group with the largest share of minimum wage workers and thus providing the findings of most interest to policy-makers and legislators, I find no evidence of a publication bias and a minimum wage elasticity of about −0.27. I also discuss the implications of my findings for researchers and policy-makers.

This discussion offers a reflection on some of the shifts and developments in the field of queer studies in Canada since the turn of the century. It situates these developments against, and in relation to, a longer history of queer politics in Canada while also emphasizing key moments and critical turns. Also examined here are the ways in which Indigenous studies, decolonial critiques, diaspora studies, and critical race studies have offered key interventions and heralded new horizons within the field. In thinking about these interventions and intersections, we frame our account through an emphasis on returns and revisions rather than a discourse of progress, which is what typically defines Canadian state narratives.

Objective:While plant-based dietary practices (PBDPs) have been recommended to improve both population health and environmental sustainability outcomes, no nationally representative Canadian studies have described the prevalence or correlates of excluding animal source foods. The current study therefore: (1) created operationalised definitions of PBDPs based on animal source food exclusions to estimate the prevalence of Canadians who adhere to PBDPs and (2) examined key correlates of PBDPs.Design:Population representative, cross-sectional data were from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition. Respondents’ PBDPs were categorised as: (1) vegan (excluded red meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy); (2) vegetarian (excluded red meat, poultry and fish); (3) pescatarian (excluded red meat and poultry) and (4) red meat excluder (excluded red meat). Descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses were used to examine the prevalence and correlates of these PBDP categories.Setting:All ten provinces in Canada.Participants:Canadians aged 2 years and above (n 20 477).Results:In 2015, approximately 5 % of Canadians reported adhering to any PBDP (all categories combined) with the majority (2·8 %) categorised as a red meat excluder, 1·3 % as vegetarian, 0·7 % as pescatarian and 0·3 % as vegan. South Asian cultural identity (OR 19·70 (95 % CI 9·53, 40·69)) and higher educational attainment (OR 1·97 (95 % CI 1·02, 3·80)) were significantly associated with reporting a vegetarian/vegan PBDP.Conclusions:Despite growing public discourse around PBDPs, only 5 % of Canadians reported PBDPs in 2015. Understanding the social and cultural factors that influence PBDPs is valuable for informing future strategies to promote environmentally sustainable dietary practices.

This article surveys the development of Canadian Studies in Czechoslovakia/the Czech Republic from 1985 (the year the first such course was offered at a Czech university) down to the present. It also deals with the wider context of the development of Canadian Studies in Central Europe under the aegis of the Central European Association for Canadian Studies, established in 2003 with its Secretariat located at Masaryk University, Brno. In both the Czech Republic and the wider region, the late 1990s saw a steady growth in Canadian Studies, fostered by financial support from the Canadian government and outreach activities by Western European Canadian Studies associations. The first decade of the twenty-first century saw an explosion of activities - many new courses and degree programmes, conferences and specialized seminars, international projects, publications, the launching of the Central European Journal for Canadian Studies. The century’s second decade, however, has witnessed retrenchment, the result of systemic changes in higher education systems and the Canadian government’s cancellation of all support for Canadian Studies activities in 2012. Nevertheless, in both the Czech Republic and Central Europe, Canadian Studies continues to enjoy a significant and respected presence in the higher education sphere.

This article outlines the history of the study of Canada in Slovakia. It explores early writings on Canada and attempts to identify pioneers of Canadian Studies as well as milestones in its development and institutionalization, while also claiming that Canadian Studies remains a marginal academic discipline in Slovakia; indeed, its very existence is dependent on the enthusiasm of a small community of scholars. The final part of the article presents the community, their research interests, activities, and motivations, and attempts to pinpoint the impact of the Canadian federal government’s decision to withdraw its support from funding Canadian Studies abroad.

Canadian Studies was launched in Hungary in 1979, when the first course in Canadian literature was offered at the English Department of Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest. This article is intended to explore the history of this discipline in the past 40+ years, focusing on the growing awareness of Canada and its culture in Hungarian academic and intellectual life. As early as the mid-1980s, universities in Hungary offered various courses in Canadian Studies, which were followed by a large number of publications, conferences, and the institutionalization of the field. The article gives a survey of Canadian Studies in Hungary in the international context, showing the ways in which interaction with colleagues in Europe and beyond, and with institutions, such as the Central European Association for Canadian Studies, have promoted the work of Hungarian researchers. The article also discusses the fields of interest and individual achievements of Hungarian scholars, as well as the challenges Canadian Studies has faced.

Based on a personal rich and fruitful experience, the author delves into retracing the causes, stages and effective outcomes of Canadian Studies establishment and integration into the academic research and the educational process of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University (the then Chernivtsi State University). The author highlights the crucial role and impact of Canadian Studies (CS) on training and instructing students who major in International Studies, History and Political Science. On a wider level, Canadian Studies as an interdisciplinary field promotes and enhances the development of the research in a huge variety of academic domains. Noteworthy, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University – the architectural jewel of Ukraine – as far back as 1977 started to pursue its efforts in cultural diplomacy, in particular launching Canadian Studies project, while signing University of Saskatchewan and State University of Chernivtsi Agreement for academic and cultural exchanges of faculty, scholars and students. So far our University has established itself as a viable academic center for scientific and cultural researches in various fields and in this regard all academia aim at developing it into a traditional conference. It should be emphasized, that due to the systematic extension of the Agreement, the cooperation has been yielding successful outcomes for 50 years so far. A further important implication is both the challenges of the Ukrainian statehood establishing and Ukraine’s functioning as a state, first and foremost, brought some justifiable obstacles for developing mutually beneficial cooperation. To date, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University hosts Ramon Hnatyshyn Centre for Canadian Studies (Department of International Relations). The researcher notes that fruitful partnership has been established with many Canadian universities; in particular the University of Alberta (Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies), aiming to further the interdisciplinary and international development of Canadian Studies. Ramon Hnatyshyn Centre for Canadian Studies owns a large Library of Canadian studies, collected and donated by Canadian universities, Ukrainian NGOs and individuals. It is important to stress that the Centre for Canadian Studies is home to a considerable number of archival material copies, mainly obtained from the Library and Archives Canada (formerly the National Archives), as well as from the provincial archives of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The author proves that the successful stability in enhancing cooperation in the educational process especially with regards to the exchange mobility of students, lecturers, and post-graduates. Of particular was the experience of Canadian Professors’ delivering lecturers in Chernivtsi National University to introduce Ukrainian students to the courses on the state structure of Canada, the development of Canadian federal policy of multiculturalism, the Canadian Ukrainians’ impact on Canadian-Ukrainian interstate relations moulding. The author aims to validate both parts’ making great strides in the development of scientific research, started in the late 80s of 20th century, with a common research topic “The Impact of National and Ethnic Minorities on the Development of Western Canada”, agreed between Chernivtsi and Saskatchewan universities. Subsequently, the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies (University of Alberta) considerably facilitated in collaborative research project. Over the last decades, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University academically developed and encouraged for further advance cohort of brilliant scientists in the interdisciplinary field of Canadian Studies, and held a number of international conferences in both Canada and Ukraine. Two biannual Canadian conferences were hosted by Ramon Hnatyshyn Centre for Canadian Studies in Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University – in 2010 and 2019 – and were attended by scholars from Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and other universities of Canada and Ukraine. The conferences were held under the auspices of the Embassy of Canada to Ukraine. The invaluable experience of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University was emulated up by Volyn, Lviv and other Ukrainian universities.

In this essay I intend to demonstrate how soundscapes might be harbingers of environmental crises and, consequently, how literature translates those same soundscapes and the stories they have to tell. While exploring soundscapes as theorized by Raymond Murray Schafer (1933-2021), one of the most renowned Canadian composers and communication scholars, this contribution also aims to detect his influence on Canadian writers and artists in their literary and creative renditions of Canada’s most characterizing waterscapes., Iperstoria, No 19 (2022): Coastlines, Oceans and Rivers of North America: Encounters and Ecocrises

On March 14–16, 2019, the Association for Canadian Studies in the United States (ACSUS) and SUNY Plattsburgh’s Institute on Quebec Studies, in partnership with Fulbright Canada, the Centre interuni...

Рассматриваются исторические этапы сближения двух стран, формирование определённой политики Республики Корея по отношению к Дальнему Востоку России. Прослежены начальные шаги в истории налаживания контактов двух государств, трудности межгосударственного взаимодействия в условиях отсутствия прямой дипломатической коммуникации, использование дипломатических площадок других стран. В налаживании контактов отмечена положительная роль спортивных соревнований – VII-й Летней Универсиады 1973 г. в Москве и летней Олимпиады 1988 г. в Сеуле, деловых контактов главных библиотек Советского Союза и Республики Корея 1974 г. Полезными шагами в деле нормализации отношений между СССР и Южной Кореей можно считать и поездки отдельных граждан, и делегаций для участия в международных научных, культурных мероприятиях, проводимых в СССР, например поездка корейского музыканта Чон Мёнхуна в Москву, занявшего 2-е место в международном музыкальном конкурсе. Отмечено, что 1989 г. был насыщен корейско-российскими контактами: приезд корейской делегации и совещание по вопросам судоходства в Москве, где стороны договорились о принципах установления регулярных прямых водных маршрутов, вели речь о поездках в Южную Корею ряда статусных советских руководителей – директора Института США и Канады АН СССР Г. А. Арбатова и директора Института востоковедения М. С. Капицы; затем вторая поездка Ким Ён Сама в СССР и его встреча с М. С. Горбачевым. Обмен делегациями завершила встреча М. С. Горбачева и Ро Дэ У в июне 1990 г., было принято решение об установлении дипломатических отношений между СССР и РК. Договор об установлении дипломатических отношений был подписан 30 сентября 1990 г. в Нью-Йорке. Ключевые слова: начальные деловые и культурные контакты, Чон Мёнхун, Г. А. Арбатов, М. С. Капица, обмен делегациями, поездка Ким Ён Сама в СССР, договорённость М. С. Горбачева и Ро Дэ У, дипломатические отношения, подписание договора в 1990 г. The historical stages of rapprochement between the two countries, the formation of a certain policy of the Republic of Korea in relation to the Russian Far East are considered. The initial steps in the history of establishing contacts between the two states, the difficulties of interstate interaction in the absence of direct diplomatic communication, the use of diplomatic platforms of other countries are traced. In establishing contacts, the positive role of sports competitions was noted – the VII Summer Universiade 1973 in Moscow and the Summer Olympics 1988 in Seoul, the initial business contacts of the main libraries of the Soviet Union and the Republic of Korea in 1974. Useful steps in normalizing relations between the USSR and South Korea can be considered both trips of individual citizens and delegations to participate in international scientific and cultural events held in the USSR, for example, the trip of the Korean musician Chung Myungwhun to Moscow, which took 2nd place in the international music competition. It was noted that 1989 was rich in Korean-Russian contacts: the arrival of a Korean delegation and a meeting on shipping issues in Moscow, where the parties agreed on the principles for establishing regular direct water routes, spoke about trips to South Korea by a number of high-status Soviet leaders – directors of the Institute for US and Canadian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. G. A. Arbatov and Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies M. S. Kapitsa; then Kim Youngsam’s second trip to the USSR and his meeting with M. S. Gorbachev. The exchange of delegations was completed by the meeting of M. S. Gorbachev and Roh Taewoo in June 1990, a decision was made to establish diplomatic relations between the USSR and the Republic of Korea. An agreement on the establishment of diplomatic relations was signed on September 30, 1990 in New York. Keywords: initial business and cultural contacts, Chung Myungwhun, G. A. Arbatov, M. S. Kapitsa, exchange of delegations, Kim Youngsam’s trip to the USSR, agreement between M. S. Gorbachev and Roh Taewoo, diplomatic relations, signing of the agreement in 1990.

This special issue of Etudes Canadiennes/ Canadian Studies has decided to revisit the concept of solitudes by exploring the social, linguistic and cultural interactions between the original inhabitants, the Indigenous peoples of Canada, and what has come to be called the “founding races”, as well as the more recent allophone communities, by considering the way they depict one another (or not) in fiction, song, and the visual arts. A quick glance at some of the national ethnic celebrations tha...

The number of students with disabilities in post-secondary institutions and in nursing programs is on the rise. With limited clinical placements, nursing programs and clinical instructors are asking how to reasonably accommodate students who identify with disabilities in clinical placements. The purpose of this paper is to explore what we know about the experiences of nursing students who identify with a disability and of instructors in nursing clinical practice. Guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) scoping review methodology, a total of 27 papers published between 1999 and 2018 were selected. Three overarching themes emerged. While students who identify with a disability experienced (a) feeling labeled and excluded they responded by (b) masking their disability and accommodation (including assisted technology accommodation) during clinical placement and (c) suggesting better policy support to highlight their strengths rather than their disability. Most surprisingly to us was the limited Canadian studies. Further education and research implications will be discussed.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of a shopping companion on mall brand experience. Design/methodology/approach The quantitative multi-group structural equation model study contrasts three shopper types: those shopping alone; those shopping with friends; and those shopping with family. Two categories are shoppers in a group. Nine hypotheses evaluate the impact of shopping with a companion. Findings The results show that companions enhance the emotional brand experience. Further, shoppers with family companions are most able to enhance brand evaluation from mall brand experience. Shopping companions help co-create the shopping brand experience. Research limitations/implications The findings are limited to Australian shoppers and contrast with Canadian studies, emphasizing friends. Alone shoppers place priority on price and only the alone shoppers are price-sensitive. The findings help address the gap in the literature, namely, understanding focal retail consumers in a group situation. Practical implications Retailers and mall managers in planned shopping centers could consider developing different retail strategies and brand experiences, which address the specific types of customer groups or alone shoppers. Social implications The paper is explicitly about social influences. Originality/value This original research contributes new perspectives to understanding the role of companion shoppers as co-creators of the focal shopper’s mall brand experience.

This paper reads the recent Ontario fertility program as a pro-natalist neo-eugenics project that is enacted through the logic of homonationalism in Canada. It demonstrates that the program’s use of pinkwashing through an emphasis on LGBTQ+ people obscures not only the inaccessibility of fertility treatment both on individual and structural levels particularly to Indigenous people, people of colour and poor people, but also to other minoritized populations, who have survived but continue to face a genocidal government. The paper moves past questions of inclusion to question the nation-state’s priorities with regard to the allocation of $50 million to facilitate the reproduction of primarily white people in the context of suicide crises on reserves and Black youth experiencing alarming rates of police violence. When the nation-state is positioned in terms of these factors, it becomes clear that it is using coded strategies to foster the building of a wealthy white citizenship.

This article focuses on “appropriation of voice” or “cultural appropriation” in the Canadian Studies classroom. It is aimed at instructors who teach Canadian Literature outside Canada, in p...

This paper proposes to use inter-Asian methodologies to reread Asian Canadian Studies. As an intellectual and political project, Asian Canadian Studies has largely been constituted through ...

本稿では、「Moodle」という名前のコース管理システム（CMS）アプリケーションを使用して、「Canadian Studies」というオンライン大学コースを構築する方法について説明します。, This paper describes how a Course Management System (CMS) application named “Moodle” was used to construct an online university course titled “Canadian Studies.”

Dès 1782, plus de 60 000 Loyalistes fuirent les États-Unis vers les colonies britanniques. Dans les Provinces Maritimes, ils furent plus de 3 000 Loyalistes noirs à constituer la première vague migratoire conséquente de Noirs libres en Amérique du Nord britannique et à développer une nouvelle société multiraciale. L’historiographie nord-américaine les a longtemps marginalisés, voire ignorés, en particulier l’historiographie de langue française. Pourtant, les Afro-Canadiens tentent de pallier ce désintérêt et revendiquent aujourd’hui l’héritage culturel des Loyalistes noirs. Cette contribution s’intéressera aux raisons de cette marginalisation, à la visibilité des sources dans les archives canadiennes, et aux bénéfices d’un nouvel éclairage. From 1782, over 60,000 Loyalists fled from the United States to various British colonies. In the Maritime Provinces, some 3,000 of them represented the first and largest free black migratory wave in British North America and contributed to a new multi-racial society. The Black Loyalists have long been marginalized or even ignored by North American historiography, especially the historiography written in the French language. However, African Canadians attempt to compensate for this disinterest and claim a Black Loyalist cultural heritage today. This article will present the origins of this marginalization, the visibility of the sources in Canadian archives and the advantages of new research.

Cet article s’intéresse à la traduction en français du roman Kiss of the Fur Queen, de l’auteur cri canadien Tomson Highway. Il étudie, dans un premier temps, les mécanismes par le biais desquels le traducteur, Robert Dickson, parvient à reproduire certaines spécificités culturelles d’un récit qui fait de la conciliation des cultures allochtone et autochtone sa préoccupation majeure. Dans un second temps, ce travail montre que la démarche de Dickson a également consisté à remettre en question l’hégémonie de la culture majoritaire anglophone au Canada pour permettre aux cultures francophones de s’exprimer. This paper examines Robert Dickson’s French version of Cree Canadian writer Tomson Highway’s novel Kiss of the Fur Queen. It first assesses the mechanisms allowing Dickson to render the cultural hybridity of a narrative whose main concern is the conciliation of non-indigenous and indigenous cultures. Then, it focuses on Dickson’s use of translation to undermine the hegemony of English language and culture in Canada and, in doing so, to create a space for francophone cultures to express themselves and be heard.

La bande dessinée québécoise existe depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, mais reste méconnue, même si la situation a largement évolué depuis vingt ans. L’objet de cet article est de mettre à jour les liens constants entre cet espace de création et l’espace francophone européen. Nous y faisons d’abord une histoire rapide de la BD québécoise jusqu’aux années 1990, puis du discours critique qui s’y rapporte, développé à partir de 1970, toujours en le faisant résonner avec le dialogue outre-Atlantique. Une dernière partie concerne l’affirmation de la BD québécoise dans l’espace médiatique à partir des années 1990, mettant en lumière différents exemples de ce développement et les échanges constants avec l’Europe qui sous-tendent cette visibilité nouvelle. Quebec comics have existed since the end of the 19th century, but remain little known, even if the situation has greatly evolved over the past twenty years. The purpose of this article is to update the constant links between this creative space and the European French-speaking space. We first present a quick history of Quebec comics up to the 1990s, then of the critical discourse related to it, developed from 1970, always in comparison with the dialogue across the Atlantic. A final part concerns the assertion of Quebec comics in the media from the 1990s, highlighting various examples of this development and the constant exchanges with Europe that underlie this new visibility.

It is recognized that racialized youth are significantly over-represented in the Canadian Criminal Justice System relative to their population percentages. Research also determined that similar disproportion exists with respect to school discipline. Similar to US research, a number of Canadian studies found that racialized youth are being disproportionately affected by zero-tolerance school disciplinary policies, such as the Ontario Safe Schools Act. Such research also hypothesized about a "school-to-prison pipeline" for minority youth. This MRP explores the link between immigration, policing, and school disciplinary policies in Ontario, Canada. In particular, the MRP investigates the racialization of school disciplinary procedures that largely affect immigrant youth, and the criminalization of certain behaviors that may lead visible minority youth, including immigrant youth, to having disproportionate police contact. The findings suggest that there is a relation between racial disproportion of school suspensions and expulsions and the racial disproportion in the likelihood of youth- police contact.

Study objective This scoping review was conducted to collate and summarize the published research literature addressing sexual and gender minority care in the emergency department (ED). Methods Using PRISMA-ScR criteria, an electronic search was conducted of CINAHL, Embase, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science for all studies that were published after 1995 involving sexual and gender minorities, throughout all life stages, presenting to an ED. We excluded non-US and Canadian studies and editorials. Titles and abstracts were screened, and full-text review was performed independently with 4 reviewers. Abstraction focused on study design, demographics, and outcomes, and the resulting data were analyzed using an ad hoc iterative thematic analysis. Results We found 972 unique articles and excluded 743 after title and abstract screening. The remaining 229 articles underwent full-text review, and 160 articles were included. Themes identified were HIV in sexual and gender minorities (n=61), population health (n=46), provider training (n=29), ED avoidance or barriers (n=23), ED use (n=21), and sexual orientation/gender identity information collection (n=9). Conclusion The current literature encompassing ED sexual and gender minority care cluster into 6 themes. There are considerable gaps to be addressed in optimizing culturally competent and equitable care in the ED for this population. Future research to address these gaps should include substantial patient stakeholder engagement in all aspects of the research process to ensure patient-focused outcomes congruent with sexual and gender minority values and preferences.

The training and roles of pharmacists around the world are undergoing drastic changes. In the hospital environment, pharmaceutical care services must incorporate hospital pharmacy management necessities, which must consider the constant technological and process innovations. However, there is a scarcity of studies exploring how pharmacy residency programs real experiences in hospitals can improve these essential competencies. This scoping review allowed an overview of the pharmacy residency programs' competency framework's scientific production in the world. These documents review about training programs in the world showed that U.S. programs have teaching processes that evaluate resident's development to certify the program structure to qualify them. Australian and Canadian studies demonstrated advances in the search for pharmacy residents' qualifications with competency-based curricula. It highlighted that a structured and evidence-based approach to these programs' curricula is required and still has ample space in several countries to improve hospital pharmacists' training through residency programs. The most appropriate is that the programs are evaluated in terms of educational results by measuring residents' involvement by considering the course, tutors, and other program components. La formación y las funciones de los farmacéuticos de todo el mundo están experimentando cambios drásticos. En el ámbito hospitalario, los servicios de atención farmacéutica deben incorporarse a las necesidades de gestión de la farmacia hospitalaria, que debe tener en cuenta las constantes innovaciones tecnológicas y de procesos. Sin embargo, hay una escasez de estudios que exploren cómo las experiencias reales de los programas de residencia en farmacia hospitalaria pueden mejorar estas habilidades esenciales. Esta revisión de alcance permitió una visión general de la producción científica de las matrices de competencias de los programas de residencia en farmacia en el mundo. La revisión de los documentos de los programas de capacitación en todo el mundo ha demostrado que los programas de Estados Unidos tienen procesos de enseñanza que evalúan el desarrollo de los residentes para certificar la estructura del programa para calificarlos. Los estudios australianos y canadienses han demostrado avances en la búsqueda de calificaciones para residentes de farmacia con planes de estudio basados en competencias. La revisión destacó que se necesita un enfoque estructurado y basado en evidencia para los planes de estudio de estos programas y todavía hay un amplio margen en varios países para mejorar la capacitación de los farmacéuticos hospitalarios a través de programas de residencia. Lo más adecuado es que los programas se evalúen en términos de resultados educativos, midiendo la implicación de los residentes a través de la evaluación del curso, tutores y otros componentes del programa. O treinamento e as funções dos farmacêuticos em todo o mundo estão passando por drásticas mudanças. No ambiente hospitalar, os serviços de cuidado farmacêutico devem ser incorporados às necessidades da gestão da farmácia, que deve considerar as constantes inovações tecnológicas e de processos. No entanto, há escassez de estudos que explorem como experiências reais de programas de residência em farmácia hospitalar podem melhorar essas competências essenciais. Esta revisão de escopo permitiu uma visão geral da produção científica das matrizes de competências de programas de residência em farmácia no mundo. A revisão dos documentos mostrou que programas de residência dos EUA possuem processos de ensino que avaliam o desenvolvimento dos residentes para certificação da estrutura do programa para qualificá-los. Estudos australianos e canadenses demonstraram avanços na busca por qualificações de residentes de farmácia com currículos baseados em competências. A revisão destacou que uma abordagem estruturada e baseada em evidências para os currículos desses programas é necessária e ainda há amplo espaço em diversos países para melhorar o treinamento de farmacêuticos hospitalares por meio de programas de residência. O mais adequado é que os programas sejam avaliados em termos de resultados educacionais, através da medida do envolvimento dos residentes por meio da avaliação do curso, tutores, preceptores e outros componentes do programa.

The growing presence of historical revisionim today that plagues the Historical academic community has its roots in the past works of Historical writers and the steps taken to give greater perspective and context to misinterprated events by modern History writers is often undermined by the continued presence of misinformation and its rapid spread through the public and political sphere. This historical review looks at Harry Elmer Barnes who was a 20th century historical writer and known revisionistand holocaust excuser and sometimes even denier. The way in which prediction but speculative analysis can lead to revisionist talking points will also be examined using his works. A detailed synopsis of his career, examination of his article Europes War and Our Democracy, and his later correspondences will be given in order to show the way in which historical revisionism can effect even those academics held in high esteem within the Historical faculty.

In this essay I discuss the subject of violence and how toys and sporting equipment were used to teach young boys masculine behaviours that were aligned with the heterosexual ideologies of the first half of the 20th century in Canada.

I "American studies" in the United Kingdom have a long tradition. The name itself is misleading, however, since in the U.K. it has usually refereed to the study of the United States. With a few exceptions Canada tends to be left out: together with other former British possessions in the Caribbean and the mainland, it had been integrated into studies of the Commonwealth, though Canadian Studies also took a path of its own since the 1970s . Latin American Studies in turn have encompassed the co...

Suicide accounts for approximately 4000 deaths a year in Canada, of which about 16% of those are suicide using a firearm. Canada has undertaken legislative efforts to regulate and control firearms, Bill C-51 in 1977 and Bills C-17 and C-68 in 1991 and 1995. Regulatory approaches that decrease the availability of firearms are hypothesized to reduce suicide by firearm however the substitution effect suggests it is possible that people may substitute other methods of suicide in place. Canadian studies on associations between legislation, regulation, and suicide rates have been published over the last three decades, and a search revealed thirteen that met the criteria. Seven studies examined the association between Bill C-51 and suicide rates and found that while rates of suicide by firearm appeared to have declined in association with regulations, there appears to be a substitution effect into other methods and no overall change in suicide rates. Six studies examining the effects of Bill C-17 and C-68 revealed a decrease in the rates of suicide by firearms, with a corresponding increase in non-firearms suicide rates and no decrease in overall suicide rates. One study even suggested no associated decrease in firearm suicide rates with an increasing rate of suicide by hanging possibly due to changes in preferences. These results suggest legislation has mixed effects on firearm suicide rates and may not alone reduce overall suicide in Canada.

IntroductionNotwithstanding Canada’s exceptional longitudinal health data and research centres with extensive experience transforming data into knowledge, many Canadian studies based on linked administrative data have focused on a single province or territory. Health Data Research Network Canada (HDRN Canada), a new not-for-profit corporation, will bring together major national, provincial and territorial health data stewards from across Canada. HDRN Canada’s first initiative is the $81 million SPOR Canadian Data Platform funded under the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR). Objectives and ApproachHDRN Canada is a distributed network through which individual data-holding centres work together to (i) create a single portal and support system for researchers requesting multi-jurisdictional data, (ii) harmonize and validate case definitions and key analytic variables across jurisdictions, (iii) expand the sources and types of data linkages, (iv) develop technological infrastructure to improve data access and collection, (v) create supports for advanced analytics and (vi) establish strong partnerships with patients, the public and with Indigenous communities. We will share our experiences and gather international feedback on our network and its goals from symposium participants. ResultsIn January 2020, HDRN Canada launched its Data Access Support Hub (DASH) which includes an inventory listing over 380 datasets, information about more than 120 algorithms and a repository of requirements and processes for accessing data. HDRN Canada is receiving requests for multi-province research studies that would be challenging to conduct without HDRN Canada. Conclusion / ImplicationsThus far, HDRN Canada services and tools have been developed primarily for Canadian researchers but HDRN Canada can also serve as a prompt for an international discussion about what has/has not worked in terms of multi-jurisdictional research data infrastructure. It can also present an opportunity for the development of metadata, standards and common approaches that support more multi-country research.

When Margaret Atwood celebrated her 80th birthday in November 2019, there was a feeling that the occasion called for a burst of applause – figuratively speaking. Around Europe, many Canadian scholars and Canadian Studies Associations responded with a range of activities. Slovenia contributed handsomely: first, with an event at the Univerzitetna knjižnica Maribor – Fourscore and More: Margaret Atwood at Eighty – and second, with this special issue dedicated to Atwood’s recent work.