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1. Modelling the cascade of biomarker changes in GRN-related frontotemporal dementia

Author: Panman, J. L., Venkatraghavan, V., Van Der Ende, E. L., Steketee, R. M. E., Jiskoot, L. C., Poos, J. M., Dopper, E. G. P., Meeter, L. H. H., Kaat, L. D., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Vernooij, M. W., Kievit, A. J. A., Premi, E., Cosseddu, M., Bonomi, E., Olives, J., Rohrer, J. D., Sanchez-Valle, R., Borroni, B., Bron, E. E., Van Swieten, J. C., Papma, J. M., Klein, S., Afonso, S., Almeida, M. R., Anderl-Straub, S., Andersson, C., Antonell, A., Archetti, S., Arighi, A., Balasa, M., Barandiaran, M., Bargallo, N., Bartha, R., Bender, B., Black, S., Butler, C., Bocchetta, M., Borrego-Ecija, S., Bras, J., Bruffaerts, R., Caroppo, P., Cash, D., Castelo-Branco, M., Convery, R., Cope, T., Danek, A., De Arriba, M., De Mendonca, A., Di Fede, G., Diaz, Z., Ducharme, S., Duro, D., Fenoglio, C., Ferreira, C. B., Finger, E., Flanagan, T., Fox, N., Freedman, M., Fumagalli, G., Gabilondo, A., Galimberti, D., Gasparotti, R., Gauthier, S., Gazzina, S., Gerhard, A., Giaccone, G., Gorostidi, A., Graff, C., Greaves, C., Guerreiro, R., Heller, C., Hoegen, T., Indakoetxea, B., Jelic, V., Karnath, H. -O., Keren, R., Laforce, R., Leitao, M. J., Levin, J., Llado, A., Loosli, S., Maruta, C., Masellis, M., Mead, S., Miltenberger, G., Van Minkelenm Sara Mitchell, R., Moore, K., Moreno, F., Nicholas, J., Oijerstedt, L., Otto, M., Ourselin, S., Padovani, A., Peakman, G., Pijnenburg, Y., Polito, C., Prioni, S., Prix, C., Rademakers, R., Redaelli, V., Rittman, T., Rogaeva, E., Rosa-Neto, P., Rossi, G., Rosser, M., Rowe, J., Santana, I., Santiago, B., Scarpini, E., Schonecker, S., Shafei, E. S. R., Shoesmith, C., Synofzik, M., Tabuas-Pereira, M., Tagliavini, F., Tartaglia, C., Tainta, M., Taipa, R., Tang-Wai, D., Thomas, D. L., Thonberg, H., Timberlake, C., Tiraboschi, P., Todd, E., Vandamme, P., Vandenberghe, R., Vandenbulcke, M., Veldsman, M., Verdelho, A., Villanua, J., Warren, J., Wilkeione, C., Elisabeth, W., Henrik, W., Zulaica, Z. M., Neurology, Physics and medical technology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Genetics, and Medical Research Council
Subjects: Male, Oncology, Disease, Neuropsychological Tests, GENFI consortium investigators, Primary progressive aphasia, Cognition, Progranulins, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurofilament Proteins, BEHAVIORAL VARIANT, HETEROGENEITY, Gray Matter, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Language, Psychiatry, 0303 health sciences, Brain, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE, Psychiatry and Mental health, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Frontotemporal Dementia, Disease Progression, Biomarker (medicine), Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Frontotemporal dementia, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Neurology, EVENT-BASED MODEL, Grey matter, Lateralization of brain function, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, NEUROFILAMENT LIGHT-CHAIN, medicine, Humans, LOBAR DEGENERATION, PROGRANULIN, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, DISEASE PROGRESSION, medicine.disease, Mutation, WHITE-MATTER INTEGRITY, Surgery, Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), business, GENFI, Biomarkers, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Progressive disease
Abstract: ObjectiveProgranulin-related frontotemporal dementia (FTD-GRN) is a fast progressive disease. Modelling the cascade of multimodal biomarker changes aids in understanding the aetiology of this disease and enables monitoring of individual mutation carriers. In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the temporal cascade of biomarker changes for FTD-GRN, in a data-driven way.MethodsWe included 56 presymptomatic and 35 symptomatic GRN mutation carriers, and 35 healthy non-carriers. Selected biomarkers were neurofilament light chain (NfL), grey matter volume, white matter microstructure and cognitive domains. We used discriminative event-based modelling to infer the cascade of biomarker changes in FTD-GRN and estimated individual disease severity through cross-validation. We derived the biomarker cascades in non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) and behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD) to understand the differences between these phenotypes.ResultsLanguage functioning and NfL were the earliest abnormal biomarkers in FTD-GRN. White matter tracts were affected before grey matter volume, and the left hemisphere degenerated before the right. Based on individual disease severities, presymptomatic carriers could be delineated from symptomatic carriers with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.1%. The estimated disease severity strongly correlated with functional severity in nfvPPA, but not in bvFTD. In addition, the biomarker cascade in bvFTD showed more uncertainty than nfvPPA.ConclusionDegeneration of axons and language deficits are indicated to be the earliest biomarkers in FTD-GRN, with bvFTD being more heterogeneous in disease progression than nfvPPA. Our data-driven model could help identify presymptomatic GRN mutation carriers at risk of conversion to the clinical stage.
Published: 2021
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2. Independent phenotypic plasticity axes define distinct obesity sub-types

Author: Yang, C., Fagnocchi, L., Apostle, S., Wegert, V., Casaní-Galdón, S., Landgraf, K., Panzeri, I., Dror, E., Heyne, S., Wörpel, T., Chandler, D., Lu, D., Yang, T., Gibbons, E., Guerreiro, R., Bras, J., Thomasen, M., Grunnet, L., Vaag, A., Gillberg, L., Grundberg, E., Conesa, A., Körner, A., PERMUTE, Pospisilik, J., European Commission, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Danish Council for Independent Research, National Institutes of Health (US), German Research Foundation, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Kings College London, and Wellcome Trust
Subjects: Adult, ENVIRONMENT, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Membrane Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Cell Biology, Adaptation, Physiological, DISEASE, Histone Deacetylases, MECHANISMS, BODY-MASS INDEX, Mice, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, BETA-CELL FUNCTION, TWINS, Physiology (medical), Internal Medicine, Animals, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, MESSENGER-RNA, Child, DNA METHYLATION, NEURONATIN
Abstract: PERMUTE: et al., Studies in genetically ‘identical’ individuals indicate that as much as 50% of complex trait variation cannot be traced to genetics or to the environment. The mechanisms that generate this ‘unexplained’ phenotypic variation (UPV) remain largely unknown. Here, we identify neuronatin (NNAT) as a conserved factor that buffers against UPV. We find that Nnat deficiency in isogenic mice triggers the emergence of a bi-stable polyphenism, where littermates emerge into adulthood either ‘normal’ or ‘overgrown’. Mechanistically, this is mediated by an insulin-dependent overgrowth that arises from histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent β-cell hyperproliferation. A multi-dimensional analysis of monozygotic twin discordance reveals the existence of two patterns of human UPV, one of which (Type B) phenocopies the NNAT-buffered polyphenism identified in mice. Specifically, Type-B monozygotic co-twins exhibit coordinated increases in fat and lean mass across the body; decreased NNAT expression; increased HDAC-responsive gene signatures; and clinical outcomes linked to insulinemia. Critically, the Type-B UPV signature stratifies both childhood and adult cohorts into four metabolic states, including two phenotypically and molecularly distinct types of obesity., This work was supported by funding from the MPG, the VAI, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 675610, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes and the Danish Council for Independent Research and National Institutes of Health awards R21HG011964 and 1R01HG012444. The LCAT cohort was supported by grants from AK German Research Foundation CRC1052 (no. 209933838), project C05 and KO3512/3-1, the German Diabetes Association and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany, FKZ, 01EO1001 (Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases). TwinsUK is funded by the Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, European Union, Chronic Disease Research Foundation, Zoe Global Ltd. and the National Institute for Health Research-funded BioResource, Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London.
Published: 2022
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3. Finding genetically-supported drug targets for Parkinson’s disease using Mendelian randomization of the druggable genome

Author: Storm, Catherine S., Kia, Demis A., Almramhi, Mona M., Bandres-Ciga, Sara, Finan, Chris, Noyce, A. J., Kaiyrzhanov, R., Middlehurst, B., Tan, M., Houlden, H., Morris, H. R., Plun-Favreau, H., Holmans, P., Hardy, J., Trabzuni, D., Quinn, J., Bubb, V., Mok, K. Y., Kinghorn, K. J., Lewis, P., Schreglmann, S. R., Lovering, R., R'Bibo, L., Manzoni, C., Rizig, M., Ryten, M., Guelfi, S., Escott-Price, V., Chelban, V., Foltynie, T., Williams, N., Morrison, K. E., Clarke, C., Harvey, K., Jacobs, B. M., Brice, Alexis, Danjou, F., Lesage, S., Corvol, J. C., Martinez, M., Schulte, C., Brockmann, K., Simón-Sánchez, J., Heutink, P., Rizzu, P., Sharma, M., Gasser, T., Schneider, S. A., Cookson, M. R., Blauwendraat, C., Craig, D. W., Billingsley, K., Makarious, M. B., Narendra, D. P., Faghri, F., Gibbs, J. R., Hernandez, D. G., Van Keuren-Jensen, K., Shulman, J. M., Iwaki, H., Leonard, H. L., Nalls, M. A., Robak, L., Bras, J., Guerreiro, R., Lubbe, S., Troycoco, T., Finkbeiner, S., Mencacci, N. E., Lungu, C., Singleton, A. B., Scholz, S. W., Reed, X., Uitti, R. J., Ross, O. A., Grenn, F. P., Moore, A., Alcalay, R. N., Wszolek, Z. K., Gan-Or, Z., Rouleau, G. A., Krohn, L., Mufti, K., van Hilten, J. J., Marinus, J., Adarmes-Gómez, A. D., Aguilar Barberà, Miquel, Álvarez Angulo, Iñaki, Alvarez, V., Barrero, F. J., Yarza, J. A. B., Bernal-Bernal, I., Blázquez Estrada, M, Bonilla-Toribio, M., Botía, J. A., Boungiorno, M. T., Buiza-Rueda, Dolores, Cámara, A., Carrillo, F., Carrión-Claro, M., Cerdan, D., Clarimón, Jordi, Compta, Y., Diez-Fairen, M., Dols-Icardo, Oriol, Duarte, J., Duran, R., Escamilla-Sevilla, F., Ezquerra, M., Feliz, C., Fernández, M., Fernández-Santiago, R., Garcia, C., García-Ruiz, P., Gómez-Garre, P., Heredia, M. J. G., Gonzalez-Aramburu, I., Pagola, A. G., Hoenicka, J., Infante, J., Jesús, S., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Kulisevsky, Jaime, Labrador-Espinosa, M. A., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., de Munain Arregui, A. L., Macias, D., Torres, I. M., Marín, J., Marti, M. J., Martínez-Castrillo, J. C., Méndez-del-Barrio, C., González, M. M., Mata, M., Mínguez, A., Mir, P., Rezola, E. M., Muñoz, E., Pagonabarraga, J., Pastor, P., Errazquin, F. P., Periñán-Tocino, T., Ruiz-Martínez, J., Ruz, C., Rodriguez, A. S., Sierra, M., Suarez-Sanmartin, E., Tabernero, C., Tartari, J. P., Tejera-Parrado, C., Tolosa, E., Valldeoriola, F., Vargas-González, L., Vela, Lydia, Vives, F., Zimprich, A., Pihlstrom, L., Toft, M., Taba, P., Koks, S., Hassin-Baer, S., Majamaa, K., Siitonen, A., Tienari, P., Okubadejo, N. U., Ojo, O. O., Shashkin, C., Zharkinbekova, N., Akhmetzhanov, V., Kaishybayeva, G., Karimova, A., Khaibullin, T., Lynch, T. L., Hingorani, Aroon, Wood, Nicholas W.., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Rosetrees Trust, John Black Charitable Foundation, University College London, King Abdulaziz University, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Universidad de Cantabria, HUS Neurocenter, Department of Neurosciences, and Clinicum
Subjects: Aging, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, General Physics and Astronomy, Neurodegenerative, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Cohort Studies, Risk Factors, Genetics research, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aetiology, Multidisciplinary, Genome, Parkinson's Disease, Genome, Human, Prevention, 3112 Neurosciences, Neurosciences, Brain, Genetic Variation, Parkinson Disease, General Chemistry, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium, Brain Disorders, Good Health and Well Being, Gene Expression Regulation, Neurology, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Case-Control Studies, Neurological, Disease Progression, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Human, Biotechnology
Abstract: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder that currently has no disease-modifying treatment, partly owing to inefficiencies in drug target identification and validation. We use Mendelian randomization to investigate over 3,000 genes that encode druggable proteins and predict their efficacy as drug targets for Parkinson’s disease. We use expression and protein quantitative trait loci to mimic exposure to medications, and we examine the causal effect on Parkinson’s disease risk (in two large cohorts), age at onset and progression. We propose 23 drug-targeting mechanisms for Parkinson’s disease, including four possible drug repurposing opportunities and two drugs which may increase Parkinson’s disease risk. Of these, we put forward six drug targets with the strongest Mendelian randomization evidence. There is remarkably little overlap between our drug targets to reduce Parkinson’s disease risk versus progression, suggesting different molecular mechanisms. Drugs with genetic support are considerably more likely to succeed in clinical trials, and we provide compelling genetic evidence and an analysis pipeline to prioritise Parkinson’s disease drug development., There is currently no disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson’s disease, a common neurodegenerative disorder. Here, the authors use genetic variation associated with gene and protein expression to find putative drug targets for Parkinson’s disease using Mendelian randomization of the druggable genome.
Published: 2021

4. Human-lineage-specific genomic elements are associated with neurodegenerative disease and APOE transcript usage

Author: Chen, Z., Zhang, D., Reynolds, R.H., Gustavsson, E.K., García-Ruiz, S., D'Sa, K., Fairbrother-Browne, A., Vandrovcova, J., Noyce, A.J., Kaiyrzhanov, R., Middlehurst, B., Kia, D.A., Tan, M., Morris, H.R., Plun-Favreau, H., Holmans, P., Trabzuni, D., Bras, J., Quinn, J., Mok, K.Y., Kinghorn, K.J., Billingsley, K., Wood, N.W., Lewis, P., Schreglmann, S., Guerreiro, Rita, Lovering, R., R'Bibo, L., Manzoni, C., Rizig, M., Guelfi, S., Escott-Price, V., Chelban, V., Foltynie, T., Williams, N., Brice, A., Danjou, F., Lesage, S., Corvol, Jean-Christophe, Martinez, M., Schulte, C., Brockmann, K., Simón-Sánchez, J., Heutink, P., Rizzu, P., Sharma, M., Gasser, T., Nicolas, A., Cookson, M. R, Bandres-Ciga, S., Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Craig, David W, Faghri, F., Gibbs, J.R., Hernandez, D.G., Van Keuren-Jensen, K., Shulman, J.M., Leonard, H.L., Nalls, M.A., Robak, L., Lubbe, S., Finkbeiner, S., Mencacci, N.E., Lungu, C., Singleton, A. B., Scholz, S.W., Reed, X., Alcalay, Roy N, Gan-Or, Z., Rouleau, G.A., Krohn, L., van Hilten, J.J., Marinus, J., Adarmes-Gómez, A.D, Aguilar Barberà, Miquel, Alvarez, Ignacio, Alvarez, V., Barrero, F. J, Yarza, J.A.B., Bernal-Bernal, I., Blazquez, M., Bonilla-Toribio, Marta, Botía, J., Boungiorno, M.T., Buiza-Rueda, Dolores, Cámara, Ana, Carrillo, F., Carrión-Claro, M., Cerdan, D., Clarimón, Jordi, Compta, Yaroslau, Diez-Fairen, M., Dols Icardo, Oriol, Duarte, J., Duran, Raquel, Escamilla-Sevilla, F., Ezquerra, M., Feliz, C., Fernández, M., Fernández-Santiago, R., Garcia, C., García-Ruiz, P., Gómez-Garre, P., Heredia, M.J.G., Gonzalez-Aramburu, I., Pagola, A.G., Hoenicka, J., Infante, J., Jesús, S., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Kulisevsky, Jaime, Labrador-Espinosa, Miguel A, Lopez-Sendon, J.L., de Munain Arregui, A.L., Macias, D., Torres, I.M., Marín, J., Marti, M.J., Martínez-Castrillo, J.C., Méndez-del-Barrio, C., González, M.M., Mata, M., Mínguez, A., Mir, P., Rezola, E.M., Muñoz, E., Pagonabarraga Mora, Javier, Pastor, P., Errazquin, F.P., Periñán-Tocino, T., Ruiz-Martínez, J., Ruz, C., Rodriguez, A.S., Sierra, M., Suarez-Sanmartin, E., Tabernero, C., Tartari, J. P., Tejera-Parrado, C., Tolosa, E., Valldeoriola, F., Vargas-González, L., Vela, L., Vives, F., Zimprich, Alexander, Pihlstrom, L., Toft, M., Koks, S., Taba, P., Hassin-Baer, S., Hardy, J., Houlden, Henry, Gagliano Taliun, S. A., Ryten, M., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universidad de Cantabria, Lord Leonard and Lady Estelle Wolfson Foundation, Medical Research Council (UK), Dementia Research Institute (UK), Alzheimer Society, Alzheimer's Research UK, Wellcome Trust, Dolby Family Fund, National Institute for Health Research (UK), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fundación Séneca, and Gobierno de la Región de Murcia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Apolipoprotein E, Aging, Messenger, General Physics and Astronomy, Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease, Genome, Linkage Disequilibrium, Negative selection, 0302 clinical medicine, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, health care economics and organizations, Conserved Sequence, Phylogeny, Multidisciplinary, Brain, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Single Nucleotide, Alzheimer's disease, Phenotype, International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium, Neurological, Regression Analysis, Long Noncoding, DNA, Intergenic, RNA, Long Noncoding, Human, Biotechnology, Lineage (genetic), Science, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Computational biology, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Chromosomes, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, Underpinning research, Alzheimer Disease, Genetic variation, Genetics, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Polymorphism, Gene, Whole genome sequencing, Intergenic, Pair 19, Genome, Human, Human Genome, Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Molecular Sequence Annotation, General Chemistry, DNA, Introns, Brain Disorders, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Ontology, RNA, Dementia, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Knowledge of genomic features specific to the human lineage may provide insights into brain-related diseases. We leverage high-depth whole genome sequencing data to generate a combined annotation identifying regions simultaneously depleted for genetic variation (constrained regions) and poorly conserved across primates. We propose that these constrained, non-conserved regions (CNCRs) have been subject to human-specific purifying selection and are enriched for brain-specific elements. We find that CNCRs are depleted from protein-coding genes but enriched within lncRNAs. We demonstrate that per-SNP heritability of a range of brain-relevant phenotypes are enriched within CNCRs. We find that genes implicated in neurological diseases have high CNCR density, including APOE, highlighting an unannotated intron-3 retention event. Using human brain RNA-sequencing data, we show the intron-3-retaining transcript to be more abundant in Alzheimer’s disease with more severe tau and amyloid pathological burden. Thus, we demonstrate potential association of human-lineage-specific sequences in brain development and neurological disease., Knowledge of genomic features specific to humans may be important for understanding disease. Here the authors demonstrate a potential role for these human-lineage-specific sequences in brain development and neurological disease.
Published: 2021

5. Investigation of Autosomal Genetic Sex Differences in Parkinson's Disease

Author: Leonard H, Lake J, Kim JJ, Gibbs JR, Ruskey JA, Pihlstrøm L, Eerola-Rautio J, Tienari PJ, Grosset DG, Wood N, Noyce AJ, Middlehurst B, Kia DA, Tan M, Houlden H, Storm CS, Morris HR, Plun-Favreau H, Holmans P, Hardy J, Trabzuni D, Quinn J, Bubb V, Mok KY, Kinghorn KJ, Wood NW, Lewis P, Schreglmann SR, Lovering R, R'Bibo L, Manzoni C, Rizig M, Ryten M, Guelfi S, Escott-Price V, Chelban V, Foltynie T, Williams N, Morrison KE, Clarke C, Harvey K, Jacobs BM, Brice A, Danjou F, Lesage S, Corvol JC, Martinez M, Schulte C, Brockmann K, Simón-Sánchez J, Heutink P, Rizzu P, Sharma M, Gasser T, Schneider SA, Cookson MR, Bandres-Ciga S, Blauwendraat C, Craig DW, Billingsley K, Makarious MB, Narendra DP, Faghri F, Hernandez DG, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Shulman JM, Iwaki H, Leonard HL, Nalls MA, Robak L, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Lubbe S, Troycoco T, Finkbeiner S, Mencacci NE, Lungu C, Singleton AB, Scholz SW, Reed X, Uitti RJ, Ross OA, Grenn FP, Moore A, Alcalay RN, Wszolek ZK, Gan-Or Z, Rouleau GA, Krohn L, Mufti K, van Hilten JJ, Marinus J, Adarmes-Gómez AD, Aguilar M, Alvarez I, Alvarez V, Barrero FJ, Yarza JAB, Bernal-Bernal I, Blazquez M, Bonilla-Toribio M, Botía JA, Boungiorno MT, Buiza-Rueda D, Cámara A, Carrillo F, Carrión-Claro M, Cerdan D, Clarimón J, Compta Y, Diez-Fairen M, Dols-Icardo O, Duarte J, Duran R, Escamilla-Sevilla F, Ezquerra M, Feliz C, Fernández M, Fernández-Santiago R, Garcia C, García-Ruiz P, Gómez-Garre P, Heredia MJG, Gonzalez-Aramburu I, Pagola AG, Hoenicka J, Infante J, Jesús S, Jimenez-Escrig A, Kulisevsky J, Labrador-Espinosa MA, Lopez-Sendon JL, de Munain Arregui AL, Macias D, Torres IM, Marín J, Marti MJ, Martínez-Castrillo JC, Méndez-Del-Barrio C, González MM, Mata M, Mínguez A, Mir P, Rezola EM, Muñoz E, Pagonabarraga J, Pastor P, Errazquin FP, Periñán-Tocino T, Ruiz-Martínez J, Ruz C, Rodriguez AS, Sierra M, Suarez-Sanmartin E, Tabernero C, Tartari JP, Tejera-Parrado C, Tolosa E, Valldeoriola F, Vargas-González L, Vela L, Vives F, Zimprich A, Pihlstrom L, Toft M, Taba P, Koks S, Hassin-Baer S, Majamaa K, Siitonen A, Tienari P, Okubadejo NU, Ojo OO, Kaiyrzhanov R, Shashkin C, Zharkinbekova N, Akhmetzhanov V, Kaishybayeva G, Karimova A, Khaibullin T, Lynch TL, and International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC)
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder. Men are on average ~ 1.5 times more likely to develop PD compared to women with European ancestry. Over the years, genomewide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic risk factors for PD, however, it is unclear whether genetics contribute to disease etiology in a sex-specific manner. METHODS: In an effort to study sex-specific genetic factors associated with PD, we explored 2 large genetic datasets from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium and the UK Biobank consisting of 13,020 male PD cases, 7,936 paternal proxy cases, 89,660 male controls, 7,947 female PD cases, 5,473 maternal proxy cases, and 90,662 female controls. We performed GWAS meta-analyses to identify distinct patterns of genetic risk contributing to disease in male versus female PD cases. RESULTS: In total, 19 genomewide significant regions were identified and no sex-specific effects were observed. A high genetic correlation between the male and female PD GWAS were identified (rg = 0.877) and heritability estimates were identical between male and female PD cases (~ 20%). INTERPRETATION: We did not detect any significant genetic differences between male or female PD cases. Our study does not support the notion that common genetic variation on the autosomes could explain the difference in prevalence of PD between males and females cases at least when considering the current sample size under study. Further studies are warranted to investigate the genetic architecture of PD explained by X and Y chromosomes and further evaluate environmental effects that could potentially contribute to PD etiology in male versus female patients. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:41-48.
Published: 2021

6. Genetic variants in glutamate-, A beta-, and tau-related pathways determine polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease

Author: Lawingco, T, Chaudhury, S, Brookes, KJ, Guetta-Baranes, T, Guerreiro, R, Bras, J, Hardy, J, Francis, P, Thomas, A, Belbin, O, and Morgan, K
Subjects: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease, Polygenic risk score, Glutamate signaling, A beta, Tau1
Abstract: Synapse loss is an early event in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). In this study, we have assessed the capacity of a polygenic risk score (PRS) restricted to synapse-encoding loci to predict LOAD. We used summary statistics from the International Genetics of Alzheimer's Project genome-wide association meta-analysis of 74,046 patients for model construction and tested the "synaptic PRS" in 2 independent data sets of controls and pathologically confirmed LOAD. The mean synaptic PRS was 2.3-fold higher in LOAD than that in controls (p < 0.0001) with a predictive accuracy of 72% in the target data set (n = 439) and 73% in the validation data set (n = 136), a 5%-6% improvement compared with the APOE locus (p < 0.00001). The model comprises 8 variants from 4 previously identified (BINI, PTK2B, PICALM, APOE) and 2 novel (DLG2, MINK1) LOAD loci involved in glutamate signaling (p = 0.01) or APP catabolism or tau binding (p = 0.005). As the simplest PRS model with good predictive accuracy to predict LOAD, we conclude that synapse-encoding genes are enriched for LOAD risk-modifying loci. The synaptic PRS could be used to identify individuals at risk of LOAD before symptom onset. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2021

7. Abnormal pain perception is associated with thalamo-cortico-striatal atrophy in C9orf72 expansion carriers in the GENFI cohort

Author: Convery, Rhian S, Bocchetta, Martina, Masellis, Mario, Afonso, S., Taipa, R., Caroppo, P., Di Fede, G., Giaccone, G., Prioni, S., Redaelli, V., Rossi, G., Tiraboschi, P., Duro, D., Tartaglia, Maria Carmela, Almeida, M. R., Branco, M. C., Leitão, M. J., Tabuas-Pereira, M., Santiago, B., Gauthier, S., Rosa-Neto, P., Veldsman, M., Flanagan, T., Prix, C., Graff, Caroline, Hoegen, T., Wlasich, E., Loosli, S., Schonecker, S., Semler, E., Anderl-Straub, S., Galimberti, Daniela, Rowe, James B, Finger, Elizabeth, Synofzik, Matthis, Vandenberghe, Rik, de Mendonca, Alexandre, Tagliavini, Fabrizio, Greaves, Caroline V, Santana, Isabel, Ducharme, Simon, Butler, Christopher, Gerhard, Alex, Levin, Johannes, Danek, Adrian, Otto, Markus, Warren, Jason D, Rohrer, Jonathan D, Initiative, Genetic FTD, Moore, Katrina M, Rossor, M. N., Fox, N. C., Woollacott, I. O. C., Shafei, R., Heller, C., Peakman, G., Swift, I., Todd, E., Guerreiro, R., Bras, J., Cash, David M, Thomas, D. L., Nicholas, J., Mead, S., Jiskoot, L., Meeter, L., Panman, J., Papma, J., van Minkelen, R., Pijnenburg, Y., Barandiara, M., Van Swieten, John, Indakoetxea, B., Gabilondo, A., Tainta, M., de Arriba, M., Gorostidi, A., Zulaica, M., Villanua, J., Diaz, Z., Borrego-Ecija, S., Olives, J., Moreno, Fermin, Lladó, A., Balasa, M., Antonell, A., Bargallo, N., Premi, E., Cosseddu, M., Gazzina, S., Padovani, A., Gasparotti, R., Archetti, S., Sánchez-Valle, Raquel, Black, S., Mitchell, S., Rogaeva, E., Freedman, M., Keren, R., Tang-Wai, D., Öijerstedt, L., Andersson, C., Jelic, V., Thonberg, H., Borroni, Barbara, Arighi, A., Fenoglio, C., Scarpini, E., Fumagalli, G., Cope, T., Timberlake, C., Rittman, T., Shoesmith, C., Bartha, R., Rademakers, R., Laforce, Robert, Wilke, C., Karnarth, H-O, Bender, B., Bruffaerts, R., Vandamme, P., Vandenbulcke, M., Ferreira, C. B., Miltenberger, G., Maruta, C., Verdelho, A., Convery, Rhian S [0000-0002-9477-1812], Bocchetta, Martina [0000-0003-1814-5024], Greaves, Caroline V [0000-0002-6446-1960], Moore, Katrina M [0000-0002-4458-8390], Van Swieten, John [0000-0001-6278-6844], Borroni, Barbara [0000-0001-9340-9814], Rowe, James B [0000-0001-7216-8679], Finger, Elizabeth [0000-0003-4461-7427], Otto, Markus [0000-0002-6647-5944], Rohrer, Jonathan D [0000-0002-6155-8417], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Neurology, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Male, diagnostic imaging [Corpus Striatum], Medizin, Somatosensory system, physiopathology [Frontotemporal Dementia], frontotemporal dementia, Cohort Studies, genetics [Progranulins], 0302 clinical medicine, Progranulins, Thalamus, C9orf72, Cerebellum, diagnostic imaging [Cerebral Cortex], pathology [Cerebellum], Medicine, pain, genetics [Frontotemporal Dementia], Cerebral Cortex, 0303 health sciences, DNA Repeat Expansion, Pain Perception, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Temporal Lobe, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cohort, diagnostic imaging [Prefrontal Cortex], Female, Frontotemporal dementia, genetics [Atrophy], Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, pathology [Corpus Striatum], Pain, Prefrontal Cortex, genetics [Perceptual Disorders], MAPT protein, human, tau Proteins, diagnostic imaging [Frontotemporal Dementia], Temporal lobe, Perceptual Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Atrophy, pathology [Thalamus], Internal medicine, Humans, ddc:610, genetics [C9orf72 Protein], 030304 developmental biology, diagnostic imaging [Perceptual Disorders], Aged, diagnostic imaging [Thalamus], C9orf72 Protein, business.industry, pathology [Temporal Lobe], diagnostic imaging [Atrophy], physiopathology [Atrophy], medicine.disease, diagnostic imaging [Cerebellum], pathology [Prefrontal Cortex], Corpus Striatum, physiopathology [Perceptual Disorders], genetics [tau Proteins], diagnostic imaging [Temporal Lobe], Logistic Models, Asymptomatic Diseases, Mutation, GRN protein, human, Surgery, Orbitofrontal cortex, pathology [Cerebral Cortex], Neurology (clinical), C9orf72 protein, human, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. published by BMJ., Objective: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is typically associated with changes in behaviour, language and movement. However, recent studies have shown that patients can also develop an abnormal response to pain, either heightened or diminished. We aimed to investigate this symptom in mutation carriers within the Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI). Methods: Abnormal responsiveness to pain was measured in 462 GENFI participants: 281 mutation carriers and 181 mutation-negative controls. Changes in responsiveness to pain were scored as absent (0), questionable or very mild (0.5), mild (1), moderate (2) or severe (3). Mutation carriers were classified into C9orf72 (104), GRN (128) and MAPT (49) groups, and into presymptomatic and symptomatic stages. An ordinal logistic regression model was used to compare groups, adjusting for age and sex. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to identify neuroanatomical correlates of abnormal pain perception. Results: Altered responsiveness to pain was present to a significantly greater extent in symptomatic C9orf72 expansion carriers than in controls: mean score 0.40 (SD 0.71) vs 0.00 (0.04), reported in 29% vs 1%. No significant differences were seen between the other symptomatic groups and controls, or any of the presymptomatic mutation carriers and controls. Neural correlates of altered pain perception in C9orf72 expansion carriers were the bilateral thalamus and striatum as well as a predominantly right-sided network of regions involving the orbitofrontal cortex, inferomedial temporal lobe and cerebellum. Conclusion: Changes in pain perception are a feature of C9orf72 expansion carriers, likely representing a disruption in somatosensory, homeostatic and semantic processing, underpinned by atrophy in a thalamo-cortico-striatal network.
Published: 2020
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8. Hemp waste: production of nanocellulose and its use in fully biobased photocured composites

Author: Sara Dalle Vacche, Patrucco, A., Zoccola, M., Douard, L., Bras, J., Beneventi, D., and roberta bongiovanni
Subjects: Photopolymerization, Biobased composites, Photocuring, Epoxy resin, Biomass, Hemp, Nanocellulose
Published: 2020

9. Analysis of brain atrophy and local gene expression in genetic frontotemporal dementia

Author: Altmann, A., Cash, D. M., Bocchetta, M., Heller, C., Reynolds, R., Moore, K., Convery, R. S., Thomas, D. L., Van Swieten, J. C., Moreno, F., Sanchez-Valle, R., Borroni, B., Laforce, R., Masellis, M., Tartaglia, M. C., Graff, C., Galimberti, D., Rowe, J. B., Finger, E., Synofzik, M., Vandenberghe, R., De Mendonca, A., Tagliavini, F., Santana, I., Ducharme, S., Butler, C. R., Gerhard, A., Levin, J., Danek, A., Frisoni, G., Ghidoni, R., Sorbi, S., Otto, M., Ryten, M., Rohrer, J. D., Greaves, C., Peakman, G., Shafei, R., Todd, E., Rossor, M. N., Warren, J. D., Fox, N. C., Zetterberg, H., Guerreiro, R., Bras, J., Nicholas, J., Mead, S., Jiskoot, L., Meeter, L., Panman, J., Papma, J. M., Van Minkelen, R., Pijnenburg, Y., Barandiaran, M., Indakoetxea, B., Gabilondo, A., Tainta, M., De Arriba, M., Gorostidi, A., Zulaica, M., Villanua, J., Diaz, Z., Borrego-Ecija, S., Olives, J., Llado, A., Balasa, M., Antonell, A., Bargallo, N., Premi, E., Cosseddu, M., Gazzina, S., Padovani, A., Gasparotti, R., Archetti, S., Black, S., Mitchell, S., Rogaeva, E., Freedman, M., Keren, R., Tang-Wai, D., Oijerstedt, L., Andersson, C., Jelic, V., Thonberg, H., Arighi, A., Fenoglio, C., Scarpini, E., Fumagalli, G., Cope, T., Timberlake, C., Rittman, T., Shoesmith, C., Bartha, R., Rademakers, R., Wilke, C., Karnarth, H. -O., Bender, B., Bruffaerts, R., Van Damme, P., Vandenbulcke, M., Ferreira, C. B., Miltenberger, G., Maruta, C., Verdelho, A., Afonso, S., Taipa, R., Caroppo, P., Di Fede, G., Giaccone, G., Prioni, S., Redaelli, V., Rossi, G., Tiraboschi, P., Duro, D., Almeida, M. R., Castelo-Branco, M., Leitao, M. J., Tabuas-Pereira, M., Santiago, B., Gauthier, S., Rosa-Neto, P., Veldsman, M., Thompson, P., Langheinrich, T., Prix, C., Hoegen, T., Wlasich, E., Loosli, S., Schonecker, S., Semler, E., Anderl-Straub, S., Benussi, L., Binetti, G., Pievani, M., Lombardi, G., Nacmias, B., Ferrari, C., Bessi, V., Polito, C., Rowe, James [0000-0001-7216-8679], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medical Research Council, and Genetic FTD Initiative, GENFI
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cell type, Imaging genetics, Clinical Neurology, Medizin, Biology, Article, DISEASE, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, atrophy, C9orf72, Gene expression, medicine, Astrocytes, Frontotemporal dementia, ddc:610, 10. No inequality, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Science & Technology, TREM2, AcademicSubjects/SCI01870, Neurodegeneration, General Engineering, C9orf72 Gene, Neurosciences, astrocytes, Genetic FTD Initiative, GENFI, medicine.disease, C9orf72 Protein, 030104 developmental biology, gene expression, imaging genetics, Original Article, AcademicSubjects/MED00310, Human medicine, Neurosciences & Neurology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Frontotemporal dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal loss in the frontal and temporal lobes. Despite progress in understanding which genes are associated with the aetiology of frontotemporal dementia, the biological basis of how mutations in these genes lead to cell loss in specific cortical regions remains unclear. In this work, we combined gene expression data for 16 772 genes from the Allen Institute for Brain Science atlas with brain maps of grey matter atrophy in symptomatic C9orf72, GRN and MAPT mutation carriers obtained from the Genetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative study. No significant association was seen between C9orf72, GRN and MAPT expression and the atrophy patterns in the respective genetic groups. After adjusting for spatial autocorrelation, between 1000 and 5000 genes showed a negative or positive association with the atrophy pattern within each individual genetic group, with the most significantly associated genes being TREM2, SSBP3 and GPR158 (negative association in C9Orf72, GRN and MAPT respectively) and RELN, MXRA8 and LPA (positive association in C9Orf72, GRN and MAPT respectively). An overrepresentation analysis identified a negative association with genes involved in mitochondrial function, and a positive association with genes involved in vascular and glial cell function in each of the genetic groups. A set of 423 and 700 genes showed significant positive and negative association, respectively, with atrophy patterns in all three maps. The gene set with increased expression in spared cortical regions was enriched for neuronal and microglial genes, while the gene set with increased expression in atrophied regions was enriched for astrocyte and endothelial cell genes. Our analysis suggests that these cell types may play a more active role in the onset of neurodegeneration in frontotemporal dementia than previously assumed, and in the case of the positively associated cell marker genes, potentially through emergence of neurotoxic astrocytes and alteration in the blood–brain barrier, respectively., Altmann et al. investigated the concordance between spatial cortical gene expression in healthy subjects and atrophy patterns in genetic frontotemporal dementia. They found that elevated gene expression of endothelial cell and astrocyte-related genes in regions with atrophy, suggesting a role of these cell types in the aetiology of frontotemporal dementia., Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract
Published: 2020
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10. Age at symptom onset and death and disease duration in genetic frontotemporal dementia: an international retrospective cohort study

Author: Moore, K.M. Nicholas, J. Grossman, M. McMillan, C.T. Irwin, D.J. Massimo, L. Van Deerlin, V.M. Warren, J.D. Fox, N.C. Rossor, M.N. Mead, S. Bocchetta, M. Boeve, B.F. Knopman, D.S. Graff-Radford, N.R. Forsberg, L.K. Rademakers, R. Wszolek, Z.K. van Swieten, J.C. Jiskoot, L.C. Meeter, L.H. Dopper, E.G. Papma, J.M. Snowden, J.S. Saxon, J. Jones, M. Pickering-Brown, S. Le Ber, I. Camuzat, A. Brice, A. Caroppo, P. Ghidoni, R. Pievani, M. Benussi, L. Binetti, G. Dickerson, B.C. Lucente, D. Krivensky, S. Graff, C. Öijerstedt, L. Fallström, M. Thonberg, H. Ghoshal, N. Morris, J.C. Borroni, B. Benussi, A. Padovani, A. Galimberti, D. Scarpini, E. Fumagalli, G.G. Mackenzie, I.R. Hsiung, G.-Y.R. Sengdy, P. Boxer, A.L. Rosen, H. Taylor, J.B. Synofzik, M. Wilke, C. Sulzer, P. Hodges, J.R. Halliday, G. Kwok, J. Sanchez-Valle, R. Lladó, A. Borrego-Ecija, S. Santana, I. Almeida, M.R. Tábuas-Pereira, M. Moreno, F. Barandiaran, M. Indakoetxea, B. Levin, J. Danek, A. Rowe, J.B. Cope, T.E. Otto, M. Anderl-Straub, S. de Mendonça, A. Maruta, C. Masellis, M. Black, S.E. Couratier, P. Lautrette, G. Huey, E.D. Sorbi, S. Nacmias, B. Laforce, R., Jr Tremblay, M.-P.L. Vandenberghe, R. Damme, P.V. Rogalski, E.J. Weintraub, S. Gerhard, A. Onyike, C.U. Ducharme, S. Papageorgiou, S.G. Ng, A.S.L. Brodtmann, A. Finger, E. Guerreiro, R. Bras, J. Rohrer, J.D. Heller, C. Convery, R.S. Woollacott, I.O. Shafei, R.M. Graff-Radford, J. Jones, D.T. Dheel, C.M. Savica, R. Lapid, M.I. Baker, M. Fields, J.A. Gavrilova, R. Domoto-Reilly, K. Poos, J.M. Van der Ende, E.L. Panman, J.L. Donker Kaat, L. Seelaar, H. Richardson, A. Frisoni, G. Mega, A. Fostinelli, S. Chiang, H.-H. Alberici, A. Arighi, A. Fenoglio, C. Heuer, H. Miller, B. Karydas, A. Fong, J. João Leitão, M. Santiago, B. Duro, D. Ferreira, C. Gabilondo, A. De Arriba, M. Tainta, M. Zulaica, M. Ferreira, C. Semler, E. Ludolph, A. Landwehrmeyer, B. Volk, A.E. Miltenberger, G. Verdelho, A. Afonso, S. Tartaglia, M.C. Freedman, M. Rogaeva, E. Ferrari, C. Piaceri, I. Bessi, V. Lombardi, G. St-Onge, F. Doré, M.-C. Bruffaerts, R. Vandenbulcke, M. Van den Stock, J. Mesulam, M.M. Bigio, E. Koros, C. Papatriantafyllou, J. Kroupis, C. Stefanis, L. Shoesmith, C. Robertson, E. Coppola, G. Da Silva Ramos, E.M. Geschwind, D.
Abstract: Background: Frontotemporal dementia is a heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder, with about a third of cases being genetic. Most of this genetic component is accounted for by mutations in GRN, MAPT, and C9orf72. In this study, we aimed to complement previous phenotypic studies by doing an international study of age at symptom onset, age at death, and disease duration in individuals with mutations in GRN, MAPT, and C9orf72. Methods: In this international, retrospective cohort study, we collected data on age at symptom onset, age at death, and disease duration for patients with pathogenic mutations in the GRN and MAPT genes and pathological expansions in the C9orf72 gene through the Frontotemporal Dementia Prevention Initiative and from published papers. We used mixed effects models to explore differences in age at onset, age at death, and disease duration between genetic groups and individual mutations. We also assessed correlations between the age at onset and at death of each individual and the age at onset and at death of their parents and the mean age at onset and at death of their family members. Lastly, we used mixed effects models to investigate the extent to which variability in age at onset and at death could be accounted for by family membership and the specific mutation carried. Findings: Data were available from 3403 individuals from 1492 families: 1433 with C9orf72 expansions (755 families), 1179 with GRN mutations (483 families, 130 different mutations), and 791 with MAPT mutations (254 families, 67 different mutations). Mean age at symptom onset and at death was 49·5 years (SD 10·0; onset) and 58·5 years (11·3; death) in the MAPT group, 58·2 years (9·8; onset) and 65·3 years (10·9; death) in the C9orf72 group, and 61·3 years (8·8; onset) and 68·8 years (9·7; death) in the GRN group. Mean disease duration was 6·4 years (SD 4·9) in the C9orf72 group, 7·1 years (3·9) in the GRN group, and 9·3 years (6·4) in the MAPT group. Individual age at onset and at death was significantly correlated with both parental age at onset and at death and with mean family age at onset and at death in all three groups, with a stronger correlation observed in the MAPT group (r=0·45 between individual and parental age at onset, r=0·63 between individual and mean family age at onset, r=0·58 between individual and parental age at death, and r=0·69 between individual and mean family age at death) than in either the C9orf72 group (r=0·32 individual and parental age at onset, r=0·36 individual and mean family age at onset, r=0·38 individual and parental age at death, and r=0·40 individual and mean family age at death) or the GRN group (r=0·22 individual and parental age at onset, r=0·18 individual and mean family age at onset, r=0·22 individual and parental age at death, and r=0·32 individual and mean family age at death). Modelling showed that the variability in age at onset and at death in the MAPT group was explained partly by the specific mutation (48%, 95% CI 35–62, for age at onset; 61%, 47–73, for age at death), and even more by family membership (66%, 56–75, for age at onset; 74%, 65–82, for age at death). In the GRN group, only 2% (0–10) of the variability of age at onset and 9% (3–21) of that of age of death was explained by the specific mutation, whereas 14% (9–22) of the variability of age at onset and 20% (12–30) of that of age at death was explained by family membership. In the C9orf72 group, family membership explained 17% (11–26) of the variability of age at onset and 19% (12–29) of that of age at death. Interpretation: Our study showed that age at symptom onset and at death of people with genetic frontotemporal dementia is influenced by genetic group and, particularly for MAPT mutations, by the specific mutation carried and by family membership. Although estimation of age at onset will be an important factor in future pre-symptomatic therapeutic trials for all three genetic groups, our study suggests that data from other members of the family will be particularly helpful only for individuals with MAPT mutations. Further work in identifying both genetic and environmental factors that modify phenotype in all groups will be important to improve such estimates. Funding: UK Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research, and Alzheimer's Society. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Published: 2020

11. Regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia are enriched for disease-relevant information

Author: Guelfi S., D’Sa K., Botía J.A., Vandrovcova J., Reynolds R.H., Zhang D., Trabzuni D., Collado-Torres L., Thomason A., Quijada Leyton P., Gagliano Taliun S.A., Nalls M.A., Noyce A.J., Nicolas A., Cookson M.R., Bandres-Ciga S., Gibbs J.R., Hernandez D.G., Singleton A.B., Reed X., Leonard H., Blauwendraat C., Faghri F., Bras J., Guerreiro R., Tucci A., Kia D.A., Houlden H., Plun-Favreau H., Mok K.Y., Wood N.W., Lovering R., R’Bibo L., Rizig M., Chelban V., Tan M., Morris H.R., Middlehurst B., Quinn J., Billingsley K., Holmans P., Kinghorn K.J., Lewis P., Escott-Price V., Williams N., Foltynie T., Brice A., Danjou F., Lesage S., Corvol J.-C., Martinez M., Giri A., Schulte C., Brockmann K., Simón-Sánchez J., Heutink P., Gasser T., Rizzu P., Sharma M., Shulman J.M., Robak L., Lubbe S., Mencacci N.E., Finkbeiner S., Lungu C., Scholz S.W., Gan-Or Z., Rouleau G.A., Krohan L., van Hilten J.J., Marinus J., Adarmes-Gómez A.D., Bernal-Bernal I., Bonilla-Toribio M., Buiza-Rueda D., Carrillo F., Carrión-Claro M., Mir P., Gómez-Garre P., Jesús S., Labrador-Espinosa M.A., Macias D., Vargas-González L., Méndez-del-Barrio C., Periñán-Tocino T., Tejera-Parrado C., Diez-Fairen M., Aguilar M., Alvarez I., Boungiorno M.T., Carcel M., Pastor P., Tartari J.P., Alvarez V., González M.M., Blazquez M., Garcia C., Suarez-Sanmartin E., Barrero F.J., Rezola E.M., Yarza J.A.B., Pagola A.G., Arregui A.L.M., Ruiz-Martínez J., Cerdan D., Duarte J., Clarimón J., Dols-Icardo O., Infante J., Marín J., Kulisevsky J., Pagonabarraga J., Gonzalez-Aramburu I., Rodriguez A.S., Sierra M., Duran R., Ruz C., Vives F., Escamilla-Sevilla F., Mínguez A., Cámara A., Compta Y., Ezquerra M., Marti M.J., Fernández M., Muñoz E., Fernández-Santiago R., Tolosa E., Valldeoriola F., García-Ruiz P., Heredia M.J.G., Errazquin F.P., Hoenicka J., Jimenez-Escrig A., Martínez-Castrillo J.C., Lopez-Sendon J.L., Torres I.M., Tabernero C., Vela L., Zimprich A., Pihlstrom L., Koks S., Taba P., Majamaa K., Siitonen A., Okubadejo N.U., Ojo O.O., Forabosco P., Walker R., Small K.S., Smith C., Ramasamy A., Hardy J., Weale M.E., and Ryten M.
Subjects: medicine, RNA splicing, phenotype, brain, genotype, Quantitative Trait Loci, genetic analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, genetic regulation, mental disease, transcriptomics, quantitative trait locus, expression quantitative trait locus, single nucleotide polymorphism, Humans, genetics, human, reproducibility, Alleles, Neurons, genome-wide association study, human cell, allele, Putamen, Reproducibility of Results, RNA sequencing, Parkinson Disease, gene expression regulation, cell, cohort analysis, neurologic disease, human tissue, schizophrenia, Substantia Nigra, disease incidence, physiology, gene expression, RNA, physiological response, Nervous System Diseases, nerve cell, Transcriptome, nervous system disorder, basal ganglion
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have generated an increasing number of common genetic variants associated with neurological and psychiatric disease risk. An improved understanding of the genetic control of gene expression in human brain is vital considering this is the likely modus operandum for many causal variants. However, human brain sampling complexities limit the explanatory power of brain-related expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and allele-specific expression (ASE) signals. We address this, using paired genomic and transcriptomic data from putamen and substantia nigra from 117 human brains, interrogating regulation at different RNA processing stages and uncovering novel transcripts. We identify disease-relevant regulatory loci, find that splicing eQTLs are enriched for regulatory information of neuron-specific genes, that ASEs provide cell-specific regulatory information with evidence for cellular specificity, and that incomplete annotation of the brain transcriptome limits interpretation of risk loci for neuropsychiatric disease. This resource of regulatory data is accessible through our web server, http://braineacv2.inf.um.es/. © 2020, The Author(s).
Published: 2020

12. Mitochondria function associated genes contribute to Parkinson’s Disease risk and later age at onset

Author: Billingsley, Kimberley J, Barbosa, Ines A, Bandres-Ciga, Sara, Quinn, John P, Bubb, Vivien J, Deshpande, Charu, Botia, Juan A, Reynolds, Regina H, Zhang, David, Simpson, Michael A, Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Gan-Or, Ziv, Gibbs, J Raphael, Nalls, Mike A, Singleton, Andrew, Ryten, Mina, Koks, Sulev, Noyce, A, Tucci, A, Middlehurst, B, Kia, D, Tan, M, Houlden, H, Morris, HR, Plun-Favreau, H, Holmans, P, Hardy, J, Trabzuni, D, Bras, J, Mok, K, Kinghorn, K, Wood, N, Lewis, P, Guerreiro, R, Loverin, R, R'Bibo, L, Rizig, M, Escott-Price, V, Chelban, V, Foltynie, T, Williams, N, Brice, A, Danjou, F, Lesage, S, Martinez, M, Giri, A, Schulte, C, Brockmann, K, Simon-Sanchez, J, Heutink, P, Rizzu, P, Sharma, M, Gasser, T, Nicolas, A, Cookson, M, Faghri, F, Hernandez, D, Shulman, J, Robak, L, Lubbe, S, Finkbeiner, S, Mencacci, N, Lungu, C, Scholz, S, Reed, X, Leonard, H, Rouleau, G, Krohan, L, van Hilten, J, Marinus, J, Adarmes-Gomez, A, Aguilar, M, Alvarez, I, Alvarez, V, Javier Barrero, F, Bergareche Yarza, J, Bernal-Bernal, I, Blazquez, M, Bonilla-Toribio Bernal, M, Boungiorne, M, Buiza-Rueda, Dolores, Camara, A, Carcel, M, Carrillo, F, Carrion-Claro, M, Cerdan, D, Clarimon, J, Compta, Y, Diez-Fairen, M, Dols-Icardo, O, Duarte, J, Duran, RI, Escamilla-Sevilla, F, Ezquerra, M, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Santiago, R, Garcia, C, Garcia-Ruiz, P, Gomez-Garre, P, Gomez Heredia, M, Gonzalez-Aramburu, I, Gorostidi Pagola, A, Hoenicka, J, Infante, J, Jesus, S, Jimenez-Escrig, A, Kulisevsky, J, Labrador-Espinosa, M, Lopez-Sendon, J, de Munain Arregui, A Lopez, Macias, D, Martinez Torres, I, Marin, J, Jose Marti, M, Martinez-Castrillo, J, Mendez-del-Barrio, C, Menendez Gonzalez, M, Minguez, A, Mir, P, Mondragon Rezola, E, Munoz, E, Pagonabarraga, J, Pastor, P, Perez Errazquin, F, Perinan-Tocino, T, Ruiz-Martinez, J, Ruz, C, Sanchez Rodriguez, A, Sierra, M, Suarez-Sanmartin, E, Tabernero, C, Pablo Tartari, J, Tejera-Parrado, C, Tolosa, E, Valldeoriola, F, Vargas-Gonzalez, L, Vela, L, Vives, F, Zimprich, A, Pihlstrom, L, Taba, P, Majamaa, K, Siitonen, A, Okubadejo, N, Ojo, O, IPDGC, and Universidad de Cantabria
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mitochondrial DNA, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, Parkinson's disease, Mitochondrial disease, Mitochondrion, Biology, Neurodegenerative, Bioinformatics, lcsh:RC346-429, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Mendelian randomization, Mitophagy, medicine, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Parkinson's Disease, Medical genetics, Neurosciences, medicine.disease, Brain Disorders, International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium, 030104 developmental biology, Proteostasis, Neurology, Risk factors, Neurological, Neurology (clinical), Medical genetic, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the etiology of monogenic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Yet the role that mitochondrial processes play in the most common form of the disease; sporadic PD, is yet to be fully established. Here, we comprehensively assessed the role of mitochondrial function-associated genes in sporadic PD by leveraging improvements in the scale and analysis of PD GWAS data with recent advances in our understanding of the genetics of mitochondrial disease. We calculated a mitochondrial-specific polygenic risk score (PRS) and showed that cumulative small effect variants within both our primary and secondary gene lists are significantly associated with increased PD risk. We further reported that the PRS of the secondary mitochondrial gene list was significantly associated with later age at onset. Finally, to identify possible functional genomic associations we implemented Mendelian randomization, which showed that 14 of these mitochondrial functionassociated genes showed functional consequence associated with PD risk. Further analysis suggested that the 14 identified genes are not only involved in mitophagy, but implicate new mitochondrial processes. Our data suggests that therapeutics targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics and proteostasis pathways distinct from mitophagy could be beneficial to treating the early stage of PD., This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services; project ZO1 AG000949
Published: 2019

13. Moving beyond neurons: the role of cell type-specific gene regulation in Parkinson's disease heritability

Author: Reynolds, R.H., Botia, J., Nalls, M.A., Hardy, J., Taliun, S.A.G., Ryten, M., Noyce, A.J., Nicolas, A., Cookson, M.R., Bandres-Ciga, S., Gibbs, J.R., Hernandez, D.G., Singleton, A.B., Reed, X., Leonard, H., Blauwendraat, C., Faghri, F., Bras, J., Guerreiro, R., Tucci, A., Kia, D.A., Houlden, H., Plun-Favreau, H., Mok, K.Y., Wood, N.W., Lovering, R., R'Bibo, L., Rizig, M., Chelban, V., Trabzuni, D., Tan, M., Morris, H.R., Middlehurst, B., Quinn, J., Billingsley, K., Holmans, P., Kinghorn, K.J., Lewis, P., Escott-Price, V., Williams, N., Foltynie, T., Brice, A., Danjou, F., Lesage, S., Corvol, J.C., Martinez, M., Giri, A., Schulte, C., Brockmann, K., Simon-Sanchez, J., Heutink, P., Gasser, T., Rizzu, P., Sharma, M., Shulman, J.M., Robak, L., Lubbe, S., Mencacci, N.E., Finkbeiner, S., Lungu, C., Scholz, S.W., Gan-Or, Z., Rouleau, G.A., Krohan, L., Hilten, J.J. van, Marinus, J., Adarmes-Gomez, A.D., Bernal-Bernal, I., Bonilla-Toribio, M., Buiza-Rueda, D., Carrillo, F., Carrion-Claro, M., Mir, P., Gomez-Garre, P., Jesus, S., Labrador-Espinosa, M.A., Macias, D., Vargas-Gonzalez, L., Mendez-del-Barrio, C., Perinan-Tocino, T., Tejera-Parrado, C., Diez-Fairen, M., Aguilar, M., Alvarez, I., Boungiorno, M.T., Carcel, M., Pastor, P., Tartari, J.P., Alvarez, V., Gonzalez, M.M., Blazquez, M., Garcia, C., Suarez-Sanmartin, E., Barrero, F.J., Rezola, E.M., Yarza, J.A.B., Pagola, A.G., Arregui, A.L.D., Ruiz-Martinez, J., Cerdan, D., Duarte, J., Clarimon, J., Dols-Icardo, O., Infante, J., Marin, J., Kulisevsky, J., Pagonabarraga, J., Gonzalez-Aramburu, I., Rodriguez, A.S., Sierra, M., Duran, R., Ruz, C., Vives, F., Escamilla-Sevilla, F., Minguez, A., Camara, A., Compta, Y., Ezquerra, M., Marti, M.J., Fernandez, M., Munoz, E., Fernandez-Santiago, R., Tolosa, E., Valldeoriola, F., Garcia-Ruiz, P., Heredia, M.J.G., Errazquin, F.P., Hoenicka, J., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Martinez-Castrillo, J.C., Lopez-Sendon, J.L., Torres, I.M., Tabernero, C., Vela, L., Zimprich, A., Pihlstrom, L., Koks, S., Taba, P., Majamaa, K., Siitonen, A., Okubadejo, N.U., Ojo, O.O., Pitcher, T., Anderson, T., Bentley, S., Fowdar, J., Mellick, G., Dalrymple-Alford, J., Henders, A.K., Kassam, I., Montgomery, G., Sidorenko, J., Zhang, F.T., Xue, A.L., Vallerga, C.L., Wallace, L., Wray, N.R., Yang, J., Visscher, P.M., Gratten, J., Silburn, P.A., Halliday, G., Hickie, I., Kwok, J., Lewis, S., Kennedy, M., Pearson, J., Int Parkinsons Dis Genomics, and Syst Genomics Parkinsons Dis
Published: 2019

14. SNCA and mTOR Pathway Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Interact to Modulate the Age at Onset of Parkinson's Disease

Author: Fernandez-Santiago, R., Martin-Flores, N., Antonelli, F., Cerquera, C., Moreno, V., Bandres-Ciga, S., Manduchi, E., Tolosa, E., Singleton, A.B., Moore, J.H., Noyce, A.J., Kaiyrzhanov, R., Middlehurst, B., Kia, D.A., Tan, M., Houlden, H., Morris, H.R., Plun-Favreau, H., Holmans, P., Hardy, J., Trabzuni, D., Bras, J., Quinn, J., Mok, K.Y., Kinghorn, K.J., Billingsley, K., Wood, N.W., Lewis, P., Schreglmann, S., Guerreiro, R., Lovering, R., R'Bibo, L., Manzoni, C., Rizig, M., Ryten, M., Guelfi, S., Escott-Price, V., Chelban, V., Foltynie, T., Williams, N., Morrison, K.E., Clarke, C., Brice, A., Danjou, F., Lesage, S., Corvol, J.C., Martinez, M., Schulte, C., Brockmann, K., Simoon-Saanchez, J., Heutink, P., Rizzu, P., Sharma, M., Gasser, T., Nicolas, A., Cookson, M.R., Blauwendraat, C., Craig, D.W., Faghri, F., Gibbs, J.R., Hernandez, D.G., Keuren-Jensen, K. van, Shulman, J.M., Iwaki, H., Leonard, H.L., Nalls, M.A., Robak, L., Lubbe, S., Finkbeiner, S., Mencacci, N.E., Lungu, C., Scholz, S.W., Reed, X., Alcalay, R.N., Gan-Or, Z., Rouleau, G.A., Krohn, L., Hilten, J.J. van, Marinus, J., Adarmes-Goomez, A.D., Aguilar, I., Alvarez, I., Alvarez, V., Barrero, F.J., Yarza, J.A.B., Bernal-Bernal, I., Blazquez, M., Bonilla-Toribio, M., Botia, J.A., Boungiorno, M.T., Buiza-Rueda, D., Camara, A., Carrillo, F., Carrion-Claro, M., Cerdan, D., Clarimon, J., Compta, Y., Casa, B. de la, Diez-Fairen, M., Dols-Icardo, O., Duarte, J., Duran, R., Escamilla-Sevilla, F., Ezquerra, M., Feliz, C., Fernandez, M., Garcia, C., Garcia-Ruiz, P., Gomez-Garre, P., Heredia, M.J.G., Gonzalez-Aramburu, I., Pagola, A.G., Hoenicka, J., Infante, J., Jesus, S., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Kulisevsky, J., Labrador-Espinosa, M.A., Lopez-Sendon, J.L., Arregui, A.L.D., Macias, D., Torres, I.M., Marin, J., Marti, M.J., Martinez-Castrillo, C., Mendez-del-Barrio, C., Gonzalez, M.M., Mata, M., Minguez, A., Mir, P., Rezola, E.M., Munoz, E., Pagonabarraga, J., Pascual-Sedano, B., Pastor, P., Errazquin, F.P., Perinan-Tocino, T., Ruiz-Martinez, J., Ruz, C., Rodriguez, A.S., Sierra, M., Suarez-Sanmartin, E., Tabernero, C., Tartari, J.P., Tejera-Parrado, C., Valldeoriola, F., Vargas-Gonzalez, L., Vela, L., Vives, F., Zimprich, A., Pihlstrom, L., Toft, M., Koks, S., Taba, P., Hassin-Baer, S., Malagelada, C., Int Parkinson's Dis Genomics Conso, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, National Institutes of Health (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, epistasis, Male, Parkinson's disease, very elderly, alpha-synuclein, Alpha‐synuclein, regulatory associated protein of mTOR, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, single nucleotide polymorphism, genetics, Age of Onset, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, Polymorphism, Single Nucleoti, biology, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, target of rapamycin kinase, fchsd1 gene, Age at onset, Chromosome Mapping, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, cohort analysis, LRRK2, priority journal, Neurology, chromosomal mapping, neuromodulation, mTOR, alpha-Synuclein, Female, age at onset, Signal Transduction, onset age, Adult, MTOR protein, human, protein kinase LKB1, gene locus, Genotype, multifactor dimensionality reduction, SNP, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, rps6ka2 gene, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Article, brain function, 03 medical and health sciences, alpha synuclein, medicine, Humans, controlled study, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, human, ddc:610, SNCA protein, human, gene, Mechanistic target of rapamycin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin, Aged, RPTOR, Epistasis, Genetic, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, major clinical study, nervous system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, mTOR signaling, biology.protein, Epistasis, pathology, Neurology (clinical), genetic predisposition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Special Issue: Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson's Disease., [Background] Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the α‐synuclein (SNCA ) gene are associated with differential risk and age at onset (AAO) of both idiopathic and Leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2)‐associated Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet potential combinatory or synergistic effects among several modulatory SNPs for PD risk or AAO remain largely underexplored., [Objectives] The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR ) signaling pathway is functionally impaired in PD. Here we explored whether SNPs in the mTOR pathway, alone or by epistatic interaction with known susceptibility factors, can modulate PD risk and AAO., [Methods] Based on functional relevance, we selected a total of 64 SNPs mapping to a total of 57 genes from the mTOR pathway and genotyped a discovery series cohort encompassing 898 PD patients and 921 controls. As a replication series, we screened 4170 PD and 3014 controls available from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium., [Results] In the discovery series cohort, we found a 4‐loci interaction involving STK11 rs8111699, FCHSD1 rs456998, GSK3B rs1732170, and SNCA rs356219, which was associated with an increased risk of PD (odds ratio = 2.59, P, [Conclusions] These findings indicate that genetic variability in the mTOR pathway contributes to SNCA effects in a nonlinear epistatic manner to modulate differential AAO in PD, unraveling the contribution of this cascade in the pathogenesis of the disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society, Funding Information; Fundació la Marató de TV3. Grant Number: 60510; Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. Grant Numbers: Dyskinesia Challenge 2014, MJF_PPMI_10_001, PI044024; National Institutes of Health. Grant Number: LM010098; Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación. Grant Number: SAF2014‐57160R and SAF2017‐88812R.
Published: 2019
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15. Correction to: Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years): A nationwide autopsy study in the Netherlands (Netherlands Heart Journal, (2018), 26, 10, (500-505), 10.1007/s12471-018-1152-y)

Author: Vos, A., van der Wal, A. C., Teeuw, A. H., Bras, J., Vink, A., Nikkels, P. G. J., and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D)
Abstract: In the version of the article originally published online, there was an error in the ‘Methods and results’ section of the Abstract. It is stated that ‘In the 10–14 year group, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n = 1) and ruptured ascending aortic aneurysm (n=1) were among the observed cardiovascular causes.’ The line should have read: ‘In the 10–14 year group, coronary anomalies (n= 2) and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (n= 1) were observed. In the 15–17 year group, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=1) and ruptured ascending aortic aneurysm (n=1) were among the observed cardiovascular causes.
Published: 2019

16. Mitochondria function associated genes contribute to Parkinson’s Disease risk and later age at onset

Author: Billingsley K.J., Barbosa I.A., Bandrés-Ciga S., Quinn J.P., Bubb V.J., Deshpande C., Botia J.A., Reynolds R.H., Zhang D., Simpson M.A., Blauwendraat C., Gan-Or Z., Gibbs J.R., Nalls M.A., Singleton A., Noyce A., Tucci A., Middlehurst B., Kia D., Tan M., Houlden H., Morris H.R., Plun-Favreau H., Holmans P., Hardy J., Trabzuni D., Bras J., Mok K., Kinghorn K., Wood N., Lewis P., Guerreiro R., Lovering R., R’Bibo L., Rizig M., Escott-Price V., Chelban V., Foltynie T., Williams N., Brice A., Danjou F., Lesage S., Martinez M., Giri A., Schulte C., Brockmann K., Simón-Sánchez J., Heutink P., Rizzu P., Sharma M., Gasser T., Nicolas A., Cookson M., Faghri F., Hernandez D., Shulman J., Robak L., Lubbe S., Finkbeiner S., Mencacci N., Lungu C., Scholz S., Reed X., Leonard H., Rouleau G., Krohan L., van Hilten J., Marinus J., Adarmes-Gómez A., Aguilar M., Alvarez I., Alvarez V., Javier Barrero F., Bergareche Yarza J., Bernal-Bernal I., Blazquez M., Bernal M.B.-T., Boungiorno M., Buiza-Rueda D., Cámara A., Carcel M., Carrillo F., Carrión-Claro M., Cerdan D., Clarimón J., Compta Y., Diez-Fairen M., Dols-Icardo O., Duarte J., Duran R., Escamilla-Sevilla F., Ezquerra M., Fernández M., Fernández-Santiago R., Garcia C., García-Ruiz P., Gómez-Garre P., Heredia M.G., Gonzalez-Aramburu I., Pagola A.G., Hoenicka J., Infante J., Jesús S., Jimenez-Escrig A., Kulisevsky J., Labrador-Espinosa M., Lopez-Sendon J., de Munain Arregui A.L., Macias D., Torres I.M., Marín J., Marti M.J., Martínez-Castrillo J., Méndez-del-Barrio C., Menéndez González M., Mínguez A., Mir P., Rezola E.M., Muñoz E., Pagonabarraga J., Pastor P., Errazquin F.P., Periñán-Tocino T., Ruiz-Martínez J., Ruz C., Rodriguez A.S., Sierra M., Suarez-Sanmartin E., Tabernero C., Tartari J.P., Tejera-Parrado C., Tolosa E., Valldeoriola F., Vargas-González L., Vela L., Vives F., Zimprich A., Pihlstrom L., Taba P., Majamaa K., Siitonen A., Okubadejo N., Ojo O., Ryten M., and Koks S.
Subjects: genotype, Mendelian randomization analysis, CLN8 gene, MUC1 gene, genetic analysis, bioenergy, genetic risk, genetic risk score, Article, ATG14 gene, disorders of mitochondrial functions, MRPS34 gene, degenerative disease, mitochondrial gene, EP300 gene, gene mutation, human, MPI gene, gene, molecular phylogeny, LMBRD1 gene, genome-wide association study, monogenic disorder, mitochondrial dynamics, Parkinson disease, E2F1 gene, mitophagy, CAPRIN2 gene, priority journal, risk factor, LGALS3 gene, disease exacerbation, gene expression, gene ontology, meta analysis
Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the etiology of monogenic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Yet the role that mitochondrial processes play in the most common form of the disease; sporadic PD, is yet to be fully established. Here, we comprehensively assessed the role of mitochondrial function-associated genes in sporadic PD by leveraging improvements in the scale and analysis of PD GWAS data with recent advances in our understanding of the genetics of mitochondrial disease. We calculated a mitochondrial-specific polygenic risk score (PRS) and showed that cumulative small effect variants within both our primary and secondary gene lists are significantly associated with increased PD risk. We further reported that the PRS of the secondary mitochondrial gene list was significantly associated with later age at onset. Finally, to identify possible functional genomic associations we implemented Mendelian randomization, which showed that 14 of these mitochondrial function-associated genes showed functional consequence associated with PD risk. Further analysis suggested that the 14 identified genes are not only involved in mitophagy, but implicate new mitochondrial processes. Our data suggests that therapeutics targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics and proteostasis pathways distinct from mitophagy could be beneficial to treating the early stage of PD. © 2019, The Author(s).
Published: 2019

17. Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates A beta, tau, immunity and lipid processing (vol 51, pg 414, 2019)

Author: Kunkle, BW, Grenier-Boley, B, Sims, R, Bis, JC, Damotte, V, Naj, AC, Boland, A, Vronskaya, M, van der Lee, SJ, Amlie-Wolf, A, Bellenguez, C, Frizatti, A, Chouraki, V, Martin, ER, Sleegers, K, Badarinarayan, N, Jakobsdottir, J, Hamilton-Nelson, KL, Moreno-Grau, S, Olaso, R, Raybould, R, Chen, YN, Kuzma, AB, Hiltunen, M, Morgan, T, Ahmad, S, Vardarajan, BN, Epelbaum, J, Hoffmann, P, Boada, M, Beecham, GW, Garnier, JG, Harold, D, Fitzpatrick, AL, Valladares, O, Moutet, ML, Gerrish, A, Smith, AV, Qu, LM, Bacq, D, Denning, N, Jian, XQ, Zhao, Y, Del Zompo, M, Fox, NC, Choi, SH, Mateo, I, Hughes, JT, Adams, HH, Malamon, J, Sanchez-Garcia, F, Patel, Y, Brody, JA, Dombroski, BA, Naranjo, MCD, Daniilidou, M, Eiriksdottir, G, Mukherjee, S, Wallon, D, Uphill, J, Aspelund, T, Cantwell, LB, Garzia, F, Galimberti, D, Hofer, E, Butkiewicz, M, Fin, B, Scarpini, E, Sarnowski, C, Bush, WS, Meslage, S, Kornhuber, J, White, CC, Song, Y, Barber, RC, Engelborghs, S, Sordon, S, Voijnovic, D, Adams, PM, Vandenberghe, R, Mayhaus, M, Cupples, LA, Albert, MS, De Deyn, PP, Gu, W, Himali, JJ, Beekly, D, Squassina, A, Hartmann, AM, Orellana, A, Blacker, D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E, Lovestone, S, Garcia, ME, Doody, RS, Munoz-Fernadez, C, Sussams, R, Lin, HH, Fairchild, TJ, Benito, YA, Holmes, C, Karamujic-Comic, H, Frosch, MP, Thonberg, H, Maier, W, Roshchupkin, G, Ghetti, B, Giedraitis, V, Kawalia, A, Li, S, Huebinger, RM, Kilander, L, Moebus, S, Hernandez, I, Kamboh, MI, Brundin, R, Turton, J, Yang, Q, Katz, MJ, Concari, L, Lord, J, Beiser, AS, Keene, CD, Helisalmi, S, Kloszewska, I, Kukull, WA, Koivisto, AM, Lynch, A, Tarraga, L, Larson, EB, Haapasalo, A, Lawlor, B, Mosley, TH, Lipton, RB, Solfrizzi, V, Gill, M, Longstreth, WT, Montine, TJ, Frisardi, V, Diez-Fairen, M, Rivadeneira, F, Petersen, RC, Deramecourt, V, Alvarez, I, Salani, F, Ciaramella, A, Boerwinkle, E, Reiman, EM, Fievet, N, Rotter, JI, Reisch, JS, Hanon, O, Cupidi, C, Uitterlinden, AGA, Royall, DR, Dufouil, C, Maletta, RG, de Rojas, I, Sano, M, Brice, A, Cecchetti, R, St George-Hyslop, P, Ritchie, K, Tsolaki, M, Tsuang, DW, Dubois, B, Craig, D, Wu, CK, Soininen, H, Avramidou, D, Albin, RL, Fratiglioni, L, Germanou, A, Apostolova, LG, Keller, L, Koutroumani, M, Arnold, SE, Panza, F, Gkatzima, O, Asthana, S, Hannequin, D, Whitehead, P, Atwood, CS, Caffarra, P, Hampel, H, Quintela, I, Carracedo, A, Lannfelt, L, Rubinsztein, DC, Barnes, LL, Pasquier, F, Frolich, L, Barral, S, McGuinness, B, Beach, TG, Johnston, JA, Becker, JT, Passmore, P, Bigio, EH, Schott, JM, Bird, TD, Warren, JD, Boeve, BF, Lupton, MK, Bowen, JD, Proitsi, P, Boxer, A, Powell, JF, Burke, JR, Kauwe, JSK, Burns, JM, Mancuso, M, Buxbaum, JD, Bonuccelli, U, Cairns, NJ, McQuillin, A, Cao, CH, Livingston, G, Carlson, CS, Bass, NJ, Carlsson, CM, Hardy, J, Carney, RM, Bras, J, Carrasquillo, MM, Guerreiro, R, Allen, M, Chui, HC, Fisher, E, Masullo, C, Crocco, EA, DeCarli, C, Bisceglio, G, Dick, M, Ma, L, Duara, R, Graff-Radford, NR, Evans, DA, Hodges, A, Faber, KM, Scherer, M, Fallon, KB, Riemenschneider, M, Fardo, DW, Heun, R, Farlow, MR, Kolsch, H, Ferris, S, Leber, M, Foroud, TM, Heuser, I, Galasko, DR, Giegling, I, Gearing, M, Hull, M, Geschwind, DH, Gilbert, JR, Morris, J, Green, RC, Mayo, K, Growdon, JH, Feulner, T, Hamilton, RL, Harrell, LE, Drichel, D, Honig, LS, Cushion, TD, Huentelman, MJ, Hollingworth, P, Hulette, CM, Hyman, BT, Marshall, R, Jarvik, GP, Meggy, A, Abner, E, Menzies, GE, Jin, LW, Leonenko, G, Real, LM, Jun, GR, Baldwin, CT, Grozeva, D, Karydas, A, Russo, G, Kaye, JA, Kim, R, Jessen, F, Kowall, NW, Vellas, B, Kramer, JH, Vardy, E, LaFerla, FM, Jockel, KH, Lah, JJ, Dichgans, M, Leverenz, JB, Mann, D, Levey, AI, Pickering-Brown, S, Lieberman, AP, Klopp, N, Lunetta, KL, Wichmann, HE, Lyketsos, CG, Morgan, K, Marson, DC, Brown, K, Martiniuk, F, Medway, C, Mash, DC, Nothen, MM, Masliah, E, Hooper, NM, McCormick, WC, Daniele, A, McCurry, SM, Bayer, A, McDavid, AN, Gallacher, J, Mckee, AC, van den Bussche, H, Mesulam, M, Brayne, C, Miller, BL, Riedel-Heller, S, Miller, CA, Miller, JW, Al-Chalabi, A, Morris, JC, Shaw, CE, Myers, AJ, Wiltfang, J, O'Bryant, S, Olichney, JM, Alvarez, V, Parisi, JE, Singleton, AB, Paulson, HL, Collinge, J, Perry, WR, Mead, S, Peskind, E, Cribbs, DH, Rossor, M, Pierce, A, Ryan, NS, Poon, WW, Nacmias, B, Potter, H, Sorbi, S, Quinn, JF, Sacchinelli, E, Raj, A, Spalletta, G, Raskind, M, Caltagirone, C, Bossu, P, Orfei, MD, Reisberg, B, Clarke, R, Reitz, C, Smith, AD, Ringman, JM, Warden, D, Roberson, ED, Wilcock, G, Rogaeva, E, Bruni, AC, Rosen, HJ, Gallo, M, Rosenberg, RN, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Sager, MA, Mecocci, P, Saykin, AJ, Pastor, P, Cuccaro, ML, Vance, JM, Schneider, JA, Schneider, LS, Slifer, S, Seeley, WW, Smith, AG, Sonnen, JA, Spina, S, Stern, RA, Swerdlow, RH, Tang, M, Tanzi, RE, Trojanowski, JQ, Troncoso, JC, Van Deerlin, VM, Van Eldik, LJ, Vinters, HV, Vonsattel, JP, Weintraub, S, Welsh-Bohmer, KA, Wilhelmsen, KC, Williamson, J, Wingo, TS, Woltjer, RL, Wright, CB, Yu, CE, Yu, L, Saba, Y, Pilotto, A, Bullido, MJ, Peters, O, Crane, PK, Bennett, D, Bosco, P, Coto, E, Boccardi, V, De Jager, PL, Lleo, A, Warner, N, Lopez, OL, Ingelsson, M, Deloukas, P, Cruchaga, C, Graff, C, Gwilliam, R, Fornage, M, Goate, AM, Sanchez-Juan, P, Kehoe, PG, Amin, N, Ertekin-Taner, N, Berr, C, Debette, S, Love, S, Launer, LJ, Younkin, SG, Dartigues, JF, Corcoran, C, Ikram, MA, Dickson, DW, Nicolas, G, Campion, D, Tschanz, J, Schmidt, H, Hakonarson, H, Clarimon, J, Munger, R, Schmidt, R, Farrer, LA, Van Broeckhoven, C, O'Donovan, MC, DeStefano, AL, Jones, L, Haines, JL, Deleuze, JF, Owen, MJ, Gudnason, V, Mayeux, R, Escott-Price, V, Psaty, BM, Ramirez, A, Wang, LS, Ruiz, A, van Duijn, CM, Holmans, PA, Seshadri, S, Williams, J, Amouyel, P, Schellenberg, GD, Lambert, JC, Pericak-Vance, MA, ADGC, EADI, Cohorts Heart Aging Res Genomic, and Genetic Environm Risk AD Defining
Published: 2019

18. Nat Genet

Author: KUNKLE, B. W., GRENIER-BOLEY, B., SIMS, R., BIS, J. C., DAMOTTE, V., NAJ, A. C., BOLAND, A., VRONSKAYA, M., VAN DER LEE, S. J., AMLIE-WOLF, A., BELLENGUEZ, C., FRIZATTI, A., CHOURAKI, V., MARTIN, E. R., SLEEGERS, K., BADARINARAYAN, N., JAKOBSDOTTIR, J., HAMILTON-NELSON, K. L., MORENO-GRAU, S., OLASO, R., RAYBOULD, R., CHEN, Y., KUZMA, A. B., HILTUNEN, M., MORGAN, T., AHMAD, S., VARDARAJAN, B. N., EPELBAUM, J., HOFFMANN, P., BOADA, M., BEECHAM, G. W., GARNIER, J. G., HAROLD, D., FITZPATRICK, A. L., VALLADARES, O., MOUTET, M. L., GERRISH, A., QU, L., BACQ, D., DENNING, N., JIAN, X., ZHAO, Y., DEL ZOMPO, M., FOX, N. C., CHOI, S. H., MATEO, I., HUGHES, J. T., ADAMS, H. H., MALAMON, J., SANCHEZ-GARCIA, F., PATEL, Y., BRODY, J. A., DOMBROSKI, B. A., NARANJO, M. C. D., DANIILIDOU, M., EIRIKSDOTTIR, G., MUKHERJEE, S., WALLON, D., UPHILL, J., ASPELUND, T., CANTWELL, L. B., GARZIA, F., GALIMBERTI, D., HOFER, E., BUTKIEWICZ, M., FIN, B., SCARPINI, E., SARNOWSKI, C., BUSH, W. S., MESLAGE, S., KORNHUBER, J., WHITE, C. C., SONG, Y., BARBER, R. C., ENGELBORGHS, S., SORDON, S., VOIJNOVIC, D., ADAMS, P. M., VANDENBERGHE, R., MAYHAUS, M., CUPPLES, L. A., ALBERT, M. S., DE DEYN, P. P., GU, W., HIMALI, J. J., BEEKLY, D., SQUASSINA, A., HARTMANN, A. M., ORELLANA, A., BLACKER, D., RODRIGUEZ-RODRIGUEZ, E., LOVESTONE, S., GARCIA, M. E., DOODY, R. S., MUNOZ-FERNADEZ, C., SUSSAMS, R., LIN, H., FAIRCHILD, T. J., BENITO, Y. A., HOLMES, C., KARAMUJIC-COMIC, H., FROSCH, M. P., THONBERG, H., MAIER, W., ROSCHUPKIN, G., GHETTI, B., GIEDRAITIS, V., KAWALIA, A., LI, S., HUEBINGER, R. M., KILANDER, L., MOEBUS, S., HERNANDEZ, I., KAMBOH, M. I., BRUNDIN, R., TURTON, J., YANG, Q., KATZ, M. J., CONCARI, L., LORD, J., BEISER, A. S., KEENE, C. D., HELISALMI, S., KLOSZEWSKA, I., KUKULL, W. A., KOIVISTO, A. M., LYNCH, A., TARRAGA, L., LARSON, E. B., HAAPASALO, A., LAWLOR, B., MOSLEY, T. H., LIPTON, R. B., SOLFRIZZI, V., GILL, M., LONGSTRETH, W. T. Jr., MONTINE, T. J., FRISARDI, V., DIEZ-FAIREN, M., RIVADENEIRA, F., PETERSEN, R. C., DERAMECOURT, V., ALVAREZ, I., SALANI, F., CIARAMELLA, A., BOERWINKLE, E., REIMAN, E. M., FIEVET, N., ROTTER, J. I., REISCH, J. S., HANON, O., CUPIDI, C., ANDRE UITTERLINDEN, A. G., ROYALL, D. R., DUFOUIL, Carole, MALETTA, R. G., DE ROJAS, I., SANO, M., BRICE, A., CECCHETTI, R., GEORGE-HYSLOP, P. S., RITCHIE, K., TSOLAKI, M., TSUANG, D. W., DUBOIS, B., CRAIG, D., WU, C. K., SOININEN, H., AVRAMIDOU, D., ALBIN, R. L., FRATIGLIONI, L., GERMANOU, A., APOSTOLOVA, L. G., KELLER, L., KOUTROUMANI, M., ARNOLD, S. E., PANZA, F., GKATZIMA, O., ASTHANA, S., HANNEQUIN, D., WHITEHEAD, P., ATWOOD, C. S., CAFFARRA, P., HAMPEL, H., QUINTELA, I., CARRACEDO, A., LANNFELT, L., RUBINSZTEIN, D. C., BARNES, L. L., PASQUIER, F., FROLICH, L., BARRAL, S., MCGUINNESS, B., BEACH, T. G., JOHNSTON, J. A., BECKER, J. T., PASSMORE, P., BIGIO, E. H., SCHOTT, J. M., BIRD, T. D., WARREN, J. D., BOEVE, B. F., LUPTON, M. K., BOWEN, J. D., PROITSI, P., BOXER, A., POWELL, J. F., BURKE, J. R., KAUWE, J. S. K., BURNS, J. M., MANCUSO, M., BUXBAUM, J. D., BONUCCELLI, U., CAIRNS, N. J., MCQUILLIN, A., CAO, C., LIVINGSTON, G., CARLSON, C. S., BASS, N. J., CARLSSON, C. M., HARDY, J., CARNEY, R. M., BRAS, J., CARRASQUILLO, M. M., GUERREIRO, R., ALLEN, M., CHUI, H. C., FISHER, E., MASULLO, C., CROCCO, E. A., DECARLI, C., BISCEGLIO, G., DICK, M., MA, L., DUARA, R., GRAFF-RADFORD, N. R., EVANS, D. A., HODGES, A., FABER, K. M., SCHERER, M., FALLON, K. B., RIEMENSCHNEIDER, M., FARDO, D. W., HEUN, R., FARLOW, M. R., KOLSCH, H., FERRIS, S., LEBER, M., FOROUD, T. M., HEUSER, I., GALASKO, D. R., GIEGLING, I., GEARING, M., HULL, M., GESCHWIND, D. H., GILBERT, J. R., GREEN, R. C., MAYO, K., GROWDON, J. H., FEULNER, T., HAMILTON, R. L., HARRELL, L. E., DRICHEL, D., HONIG, L. S., CUSHION, T. D., HUENTELMAN, M. J., HOLLINGWORTH, P., HULETTE, C. M., HYMAN, B. T., MARSHALL, R., JARVIK, G. P., MEGGY, A., ABNER, E., MENZIES, G. E., JIN, L. W., LEONENKO, G., REAL, L. M., JUN, G. R., BALDWIN, C. T., GROZEVA, D., KARYDAS, A., RUSSO, G., KAYE, J. A., KIM, R., JESSEN, F., KOWALL, N. W., VELLAS, B., KRAMER, J. H., VARDY, E., LAFERLA, F. M., JOCKEL, K. H., LAH, J. J., DICHGANS, M., LEVERENZ, J. B., MANN, D., LEVEY, A. I., PICKERING-BROWN, S., LIEBERMAN, A. P., KLOPP, N., LUNETTA, K. L., WICHMANN, H. E., LYKETSOS, C. G., MORGAN, K., MARSON, D. C., BROWN, K., MARTINIUK, F., MEDWAY, C., MASH, D. C., NOTHEN, M. M., MASLIAH, E., HOOPER, N. M., MCCORMICK, W. C., DANIELE, A., MCCURRY, S. M., BAYER, A., MCDAVID, A. N., GALLACHER, J., MCKEE, A. C., VAN DEN BUSSCHE, H., MESULAM, M., BRAYNE, C., MILLER, B. L., RIEDEL-HELLER, S., MILLER, C. A., MILLER, J. W., AL-CHALABI, A., MORRIS, J. C., SHAW, C. E., MYERS, A. J., WILTFANG, J., O'BRYANT, S., OLICHNEY, J. M., ALVAREZ, V., PARISI, J. E., SINGLETON, A. B., PAULSON, H. L., COLLINGE, J., PERRY, W. R., MEAD, S., PESKIND, E., CRIBBS, D. H., ROSSOR, M., PIERCE, A., RYAN, N. S., POON, W. W., NACMIAS, B., POTTER, H., SORBI, S., QUINN, J. F., SACCHINELLI, E., RAJ, A., SPALLETTA, G., RASKIND, M., CALTAGIRONE, C., BOSSU, P., ORFEI, M. D., REISBERG, B., CLARKE, R., REITZ, C., RINGMAN, J. M., WARDEN, D., ROBERSON, E. D., WILCOCK, G., ROGAEVA, E., BRUNI, A. C., ROSEN, H. J., GALLO, M., ROSENBERG, R. N., BEN-SHLOMO, Y., SAGER, M. A., MECOCCI, P., SAYKIN, A. J., PASTOR, P., CUCCARO, M. L., VANCE, J. M., SCHNEIDER, J. A., SCHNEIDER, L. S., SLIFER, S., SEELEY, W. W., SMITH, A. V., SONNEN, J. A., SPINA, S., STERN, R. A., SWERDLOW, R. H., TANG, M., TANZI, R. E., TROJANOWSKI, J. Q., TRONCOSO, J. C., VAN DEERLIN, V. M., VAN ELDIK, L. J., VINTERS, H. V., VONSATTEL, J. P., WEINTRAUB, S., WELSH-BOHMER, K. A., WILHELMSEN, K. C., WILLIAMSON, J., WINGO, T. S., WOLTJER, R. L., WRIGHT, C. B., YU, C. E., YU, L., SABA, Y., ALZHEIMER DISEASE GENETICS, Consortium, EUROPEAN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, Initiative, COHORTS FOR, Heart, AGING RESEARCH IN GENOMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY, Consortium, GENETIC ENVIRONMENTAL RISK IN AD/DEFINING GENETIC, Polygenic, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, Consortium, PILOTTO, A., BULLIDO, M. J., PETERS, O., CRANE, P. K., BENNETT, D., BOSCO, P., COTO, E., BOCCARDI, V., DE JAGER, P. L., LLEO, A., WARNER, N., LOPEZ, O. L., INGELSSON, M., DELOUKAS, P., CRUCHAGA, C., GRAFF, C., GWILLIAM, R., FORNAGE, M., GOATE, A. M., SANCHEZ-JUAN, P., KEHOE, P. G., AMIN, N., ERTEKIN-TANER, N., BERR, C., DEBETTE, S., LOVE, S., LAUNER, L. J., YOUNKIN, S. G., DARTIGUES, Jean-Francois, CORCORAN, C., IKRAM, M. A., DICKSON, D. W., NICOLAS, G., CAMPION, D., TSCHANZ, J., SCHMIDT, H., HAKONARSON, H., CLARIMON, J., MUNGER, R., SCHMIDT, R., FARRER, L. A., VAN BROECKHOVEN, C., M, C. O' Donovan, DESTEFANO, A. L., JONES, L., HAINES, J. L., DELEUZE, J. F., OWEN, M. J., GUDNASON, V., MAYEUX, R., ESCOTT-PRICE, V., PSATY, B. M., RAMIREZ, A., WANG, L. S., RUIZ, A., VAN DUIJN, C. M., HOLMANS, P. A., SESHADRI, S., WILLIAMS, J., AMOUYEL, P., SCHELLENBERG, G. D., LAMBERT, J. C., and PERICAK-VANCE, M. A.
Published: 2019

19. Author Correction: Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing (Nature Genetics, (2019), 51, 3, (414-430), 10.1038/s41588-019-0358-2)

Author: Kunkle, B. W., Grenier-Boley, B., Sims, R., Bis, J. C., Damotte, V., Naj, A. C., Boland, A., Vronskaya, M., van der Lee, S. J., Amlie-Wolf, A., Bellenguez, C., Frizatti, A., Chouraki, V., Martin, E. R., Sleegers, K., Badarinarayan, N., Jakobsdottir, J., Hamilton-Nelson, K. L., Moreno-Grau, S., Olaso, R., Raybould, R., Chen, Y., Kuzma, A. B., Hiltunen, M., Morgan, T., Ahmad, S., Vardarajan, B. N., Epelbaum, J., Hoffmann, P., Boada, M., Beecham, G. W., Garnier, J. -G., Harold, D., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Valladares, O., Moutet, M. -L., Gerrish, A., Smith, A. V., Qu, L., Bacq, D., Denning, N., Jian, X., Zhao, Y., Del Zompo, M., Fox, N. C., Choi, S. -H., Mateo, I., Hughes, J. T., Adams, H. H., Malamon, J., Sanchez-Garcia, F., Patel, Y., Brody, J. A., Dombroski, B. A., Naranjo, M. C. D., Daniilidou, M., Eiriksdottir, G., Mukherjee, S., Wallon, D., Uphill, J., Aspelund, T., Cantwell, L. B., Garzia, F., Galimberti, D., Hofer, E., Butkiewicz, M., Fin, B., Scarpini, E., Sarnowski, C., Bush, W. S., Meslage, S., Kornhuber, J., White, C. C., Song, Y., Barber, R. C., Engelborghs, S., Sordon, S., Voijnovic, D., Adams, P. M., Vandenberghe, R., Mayhaus, M., Cupples, L. A., Albert, M. S., De Deyn, P. P., Gu, W., Himali, J. J., Beekly, D., Squassina, A., Hartmann, A. M., Orellana, A., Blacker, D., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E., Lovestone, S., Garcia, M. E., Doody, R. S., Munoz-Fernadez, C., Sussams, R., Lin, H., Fairchild, T. J., Benito, Y. A., Holmes, C., Karamujic-Comic, H., Frosch, M. P., Thonberg, H., Maier, W., Roshchupkin, G., Ghetti, B., Giedraitis, V., Kawalia, A., Li, S., Huebinger, R. M., Kilander, L., Moebus, S., Hernandez, I., Kamboh, M. I., Brundin, R. M., Turton, J., Yang, Q., Katz, M. J., Concari, L., Lord, J., Beiser, A. S., Keene, C. D., Helisalmi, S., Kloszewska, I., Kukull, W. A., Koivisto, A. M., Lynch, A., Tarraga, L., Larson, E. B., Haapasalo, A., Lawlor, B., Mosley, T. H., Lipton, R. B., Solfrizzi, V., Gill, M., Longstreth, W. T., Montine, T. J., Frisardi, V., Diez-Fairen, M., Rivadeneira, F., Petersen, R. C., Deramecourt, V., Alvarez, I., Salani, F., Ciaramella, A., Boerwinkle, E., Reiman, E. M., Fievet, N., Rotter, J. I., Reisch, J. S., Hanon, O., Cupidi, C., Uitterlinden, A. G. A., Royall, D. R., Dufouil, C., Maletta, R. G., de Rojas, I., Sano, M., Brice, A., Cecchetti, R., George-Hyslop, P. S., Ritchie, K., Tsolaki, M., Tsuang, D. W., Dubois, B., Craig, D., C. -K., Wu, Soininen, H., Avramidou, D., Albin, R. L., Fratiglioni, L., Germanou, A., Apostolova, L. G., Keller, L., Koutroumani, M., Arnold, S. E., Panza, F., Gkatzima, O., Asthana, S., Hannequin, D., Whitehead, P., Atwood, C. S., Caffarra, P., Hampel, H., Quintela, I., Carracedo, A., Lannfelt, L., Rubinsztein, D. C., Barnes, L. L., Pasquier, F., Frolich, L., Barral, S., Mcguinness, B., Beach, T. G., Johnston, J. A., Becker, J. T., Passmore, P., Bigio, E. H., Schott, J. M., Bird, T. D., Warren, J. D., Boeve, B. F., Lupton, M. K., Bowen, J. D., Proitsi, P., Boxer, A., Powell, J. F., Burke, J. R., Kauwe, J. S. K., Burns, J. M., Mancuso, M., Buxbaum, J. D., Bonuccelli, U., Cairns, N. J., Mcquillin, A., Cao, C., Livingston, G., Carlson, C. S., Bass, N. J., Carlsson, C. M., Hardy, J., Carney, R. M., Bras, J., Carrasquillo, M. M., Guerreiro, R., Allen, M., Chui, H. C., Fisher, E., Masullo, Carlo, Crocco, E. A., Decarli, C., Bisceglio, G., Dick, M., Ma, L., Duara, R., Graff-Radford, N. R., Evans, D. A., Hodges, A., Faber, K. M., Scherer, M., Fallon, K. B., Riemenschneider, M., Fardo, D. W., Heun, R., Farlow, M. R., Kolsch, H., Ferris, S., Leber, M., Foroud, T. M., Heuser, I., Galasko, D. R., Giegling, I., Gearing, M., Hull, M., Geschwind, D. H., Gilbert, J. R., Morris, J., Green, R. C., Mayo, K., Growdon, J. H., Feulner, T., Hamilton, R. L., Harrell, L. E., Drichel, D., Honig, L. S., Cushion, T. D., Huentelman, M. J., Hollingworth, P., Hulette, C. M., Hyman, B. T., Marshall, R., Jarvik, G. P., Meggy, A., Abner, E., Menzies, G. E., Jin, L. -W., Leonenko, G., Real, L. M., Jun, G. R., Baldwin, C. T., Grozeva, D., Karydas, A., Russo, G., Kaye, J. A., Kim, R., Jessen, F., Kowall, N. W., Vellas, B., Kramer, J. H., Vardy, E., Laferla, F. M., Jockel, K. -H., Lah, J. J., Dichgans, M., Leverenz, J. B., Mann, D., Levey, A. I., Pickering-Brown, S., Lieberman, A. P., Klopp, N., Lunetta, K. L., Wichmann, H. -E., Lyketsos, C. G., Morgan, K., Marson, D. C., Brown, K., Martiniuk, F., Medway, C., Mash, D. C., Nothen, M. M., Masliah, E., Hooper, N. M., Mccormick, W. C., Daniele, Antonio, Mccurry, S. M., Bayer, A., Mcdavid, A. N., Gallacher, J., Mckee, A. C., van den Bussche, H., Mesulam, M., Brayne, C., Miller, B. L., Riedel-Heller, S., Miller, C. A., Miller, J. W., Al-Chalabi, A., Morris, J. C., Shaw, C. E., Myers, A. J., Wiltfang, J., O'Bryant, S., Olichney, J. M., Alvarez, V., Parisi, J. E., Singleton, A. B., Paulson, H. L., Collinge, J., Perry, W. R., Mead, S., Peskind, E., Cribbs, D. H., Rossor, M., Pierce, A., Ryan, N. S., Poon, W. W., Nacmias, B., Potter, H., Sorbi, S., Quinn, J. F., Sacchinelli, E., Raj, A., Spalletta, Gianfranco, Raskind, M., Caltagirone, C., Bossu, P., Orfei, M. D., Reisberg, B., Clarke, Ronald Victor, Reitz, C., Smith, A. D., Ringman, J. M., Warden, D., Roberson, E. D., Wilcock, G., Rogaeva, E., Bruni, A. C., Rosen, H. J., Gallo, Massimiliano, Rosenberg, R. N., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Sager, M. A., Mecocci, P., Saykin, A. J., Pastor, P., Cuccaro, M. L., Vance, J. M., Schneider, J. A., Schneider, L. S., Slifer, S., Seeley, W. W., Smith, A. G., Sonnen, J. A., Spina, S., Stern, R. A., Swerdlow, R. H., Tang, M., Tanzi, R. E., Trojanowski, J. Q., Troncoso, J. C., Van Deerlin, V. M., Van Eldik, L. J., Vinters, H. V., Vonsattel, J. P., Weintraub, S., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Wilhelmsen, K. C., Williamson, J., Wingo, T. S., Woltjer, R. L., Wright, C. B., C. -E., Yu, Yu, L., Saba, Y., Pilotto, A., Bullido, M. J., Peters, O., Crane, P. K., Bennett, D., Bosco, P., Coto, E., Boccardi, V., De Jager, P. L., Lleo, A., Warner, N., Lopez, O. L., Ingelsson, M., Deloukas, P., Cruchaga, C., Graff, C., Gwilliam, R., Fornage, M., Goate, A. M., Sanchez-Juan, P., Kehoe, P. G., Amin, N., Ertekin-Taner, N., Berr, C., Debette, S., Love, S., Launer, L. J., Younkin, S. G., Dartigues, J. -F., Corcoran, C., Ikram, M. A., Dickson, D. W., Nicolas, G., Campion, D., Tschanz, J. A., Schmidt, H., Hakonarson, H., Clarimon, J., Munger, R., Schmidt, R., Farrer, L. A., Van Broeckhoven, C., O'Donovan, M. C., Destefano, A. L., Jones, L., Haines, J. L., Deleuze, J. -F., Owen, M. J., Gudnason, V., Mayeux, R., Escott-Price, V., Psaty, B. M., Ramirez, A., Wang, L. -S., Ruiz, A., van Duijn, C. M., Holmans, P. A., Seshadri, S., Williams, J., Amouyel, P., Schellenberg, G. D., Lambert, J. -C., and Pericak-Vance, M. A.
Subjects: Author Correction: Alzheimer’s disease genetic meta-analysis new risk loci Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, Author Correction: Alzheimer’s disease genetic meta-analysis new risk loci Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing
Published: 2019

20. Polygenic risk and hazard scores for Alzheimer's disease prediction

Author: Leonenko, G, Sims, R, Shoai, M, Frizzati, A, Bossù, P, Spalletta, G, Fox, Nc, Williams, J, for the GERAD consortium: Hardy, J, Escott-Price, V, Tsolaki, M, Craig, D, Avramidou, D, Germanou, A, Koutroumani, M, Gkatzima, O, Hampel, H, Kehoe, Pg, Love, S, Rubinsztein, Dc, Frölich, L, Mcguinness, B, Johnston, Ja, Passmore, P, Drichel, D, Rossor, M, Schott, Jm, Warren, Jd, Bras, J, Guerreiro, R, Kawalia, A, Hughes, Jt, Patel, Y, Lupton, Mk, Proitsi, P, Powell, J, Kauwe, Jsk, Mancuso, M, Bonuccelli, U, Uphill, J, Fisher, E, Masullo, C, Soininen, H, Bisceglio, G, Ma, L, Dickson, Dw, Graff‐radford, Nr, Carrasquillo, Mm, Younkin, Sg, Sandro Sorbi, S, Daniilidou, M, Hodges, A, Galimberti, D, Scarpini, E, Scherer, M, Peters, O, Ramirez, A, Leber, M, Pichler, S, Mayhaus, M, Gu, W, Riemenschneider, M, Wiltfang, J, Heun, R, Kölsch, H, Kornhuber, J, Heuser, I, Rujescu, D, Hartmann, Am, Giegling, I, Hüll, M, Lovestone, S, Cruchaga, C, Morris, J, Mayo, K, Feulner, T, Sussams, R, Holmes, C, Mann, D, Pickering‐brown, S, Hooper, Nm, Mcquillin, A, Livingston, G, Bass, Nj, Vronskaya, M, Morgan, T, Denning, N, Cushion, Td, Jones, L, Marshall, R, Meggy, A, Menzies, G, Grozeva, D, O'Donovan, Mc, Owen, Mj, Holmans, Pa, Salani, F, Russo, G, Maier, W, Jessen, F, Wichmann, H-E, Morgan, K, Goate, Am, Vellas, B, Vardy, E, Moebus, S, Jöckel, K-H, Dichgans, M, Klopp, N, Turton, J, Lord, J, Brown, K, Medway, C, Nöthen, Mm, Hoffmann, P, Daniele, A, Bayer, A, Gallacher, J, van den Bussche, H, Brayne, C, Riedel‐heller, S, Powell, Jf, Al‐chalabi, A, Shaw, Ce, Kloszewska, I, Pastor, P, Diez‐fairen, M, Lynch, A, Lawlor, B, Gill, M, Coto, E, Alvarez, V, Singleton, Ab, Collinge, J, Mead, S, Ryan, N, Nacmias, B, Ortega‐cubero, S, Rodriguez‐rodriguez, E, Sanchez‐juan, P, Shofany, J, Banaj, N, Ciullo, V, Sacchinelli, E, Robert, Clarke, A David Smith, Donald, Warden, Yoav, Ben‐shlomo, Chiara, Cupidi, Raffaele Giovanni Maletta, Runi, Gallo, M, Harold, D, Cecchetti, R, Mecocci, P, Boccardi, V, Warner, N, Wilcock, G, Deloukas, P, Gwilliam, R, Corcoran, C, Tschanz, J, Munger, R., and Consortium, Gerad
Subjects: Male, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polygenic risk, Alzheimer's disease, hazard score, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, Apolipoproteins E, Alzheimer Disease, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Research Articles, Research Article, Genome-Wide Association Study, Proportional Hazards Models
Abstract: Objective: Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 30 susceptibility loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using AD GWAS data from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP), Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) was successfully applied to predict life time risk of AD development. A recently introduced Polygenic Hazard Score (PHS) is able to quantify individuals with age‐specific genetic risk for AD. The aim of this study was to quantify the age‐specific genetic risk for AD with PRS and compare the results generated by PRS with those from PHS. Methods: Quantification of individual differences in age‐specific genetic risk for AD identified by the PRS, was performed with Cox Regression on 9903 (2626 cases and 7277 controls) individuals from the Genetic and Environmental Risk in Alzheimer's Disease consortium (GERAD). Polygenic Hazard Scores were generated for the same individuals. The age‐specific genetic risk for AD identified by the PRS was compared with that generated by the PHS. This was repeated using varying SNPs P‐value thresholds for disease association. Results: Polygenic Risk Score significantly predicted the risk associated with age at AD onset when SNPs were preselected for association to AD at P ≤ 0.001. The strongest effect (B = 0.28, SE = 0.04, P = 2.5 × 10−12) was observed for PRS based upon genome‐wide significant SNPs (P ≤ 5 × 10−8). The strength of association was weaker with less stringent SNP selection thresholds. Interpretation: Both PRS and PHS can be used to predict an age‐specific risk for developing AD. The PHS approach uses SNP effect sizes derived with the Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model. When SNPs were selected based upon AD GWAS case/control P ≤ 10−3, we found no advantage of using SNP effects sizes calculated with the Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model in our study. When SNPs are selected for association with AD risk at P > 10−3, the age‐specific risk prediction results are not significant for either PRS or PHS. However PHS could be more advantageous than PRS of age specific AD risk predictions when SNPs are prioritized for association with AD age at onset (i.e., powerful Cox Regression GWAS study).
Published: 2019

21. SNCA and mTOR Pathway Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Interact to Modulate the Age at Onset of Parkinson's Disease

Author: Martin-Flores, N, Antonelli, F, Cerquera, C, Moreno, V, Manduchi, E, Moore, JH, Noyce, AJ, Kaiyrzhanov, R, Middlehurst, B, Kia, DA, Tan, M, Houlden, H, Morris, HR, Plun-Favreau, H, Holmans, P, Hardy, J, Trabzuni, D, Bras, J, Quinn, J, Mok, KY, Kinghorn, KJ, Billingsley, K, Wood, NW, Lewis, P, Schreglmann, S, Guerreiro, R, Lovering, R, R'Bibo, L, Manzoni, C, Rizig, M, Ryten, M, Guelfi, S, Escott-Price, V, Chelban, V, Foltynie, T, Williams, N, Morrison, KE, Clarke, C, Brice, A, Danjou, F, Lesage, S, Corvol, JC, Martinez, M, Schulte, C, Brockmann, K, Simoon-Saanchez, J, Heutink, P, Rizzu, P, Sharma, M, Gasser, T, Nicolas, A, Cookson, MR, Bandres-Ciga, S, Blauwendraat, C, Craig, DW, Faghri, F, Gibbs, JR, Hernandez, DG, Van Keuren-Jensen, K, Shulman, JM, Iwaki, H, Leonard, HL, Nalls, MA, Robak, L, Lubbe, S, Finkbeiner, S, Mencacci, NE, Lungu, C, Singleton, AB, Scholz, SW, Reed, X, Alcalay, RN, Gan-Or, Z, Rouleau, GA, Krohn, L, van Hilten, JJ, Marinus, J, Adarmes-Goomez, AD, Aguilar, I, Alvarez, I, Alvarez, V, Barrero, FJ, Yarza, JAB, Bernal-Bernal, I, Blazquez, M, Bonilla-Toribio, M, Botia, JA, Boungiorno, MT, Buiza-Rueda, D, Camara, A, Carrillo, F, Carrion-Claro, M, Cerdan, D, Clarimon, J, Compta, Y, de la Casa, B, Diez-Fairen, M, Dols-Icardo, O, Duarte, J, Duran, R, Escamilla-Sevilla, F, Feliz, C, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Santiago, R, Garcia, C, Garcia-Ruiz, P, Gomez-Garre, P, Heredia, MJG, Gonzalez-Aramburu, I, Pagola, AG, Hoenicka, J, Infante, J, Jesus, S, Jimenez-Escrig, A, Kulisevsky, J, Labrador-Espinosa, MA, Lopez-Sendon, JL, Arregui, ALD, Macias, D, Torres, IM, Marin, J, Marti, MJ, Martinez-Castrillo, C, Mendez-del-Barrio, C, Gonzalez, MM, Mata, M, Minguez, A, Mir, P, Rezola, EM, Munoz, E, Pagonabarraga, J, Pascual-Sedano, B, Pastor, P, Errazquin, FP, Perinan-Tocino, T, Ruiz-Martinez, J, Ruz, C, Rodriguez, AS, Sierra, M, Suarez-Sanmartin, E, Tabernero, C, Tartari, JP, Tejera-Parrado, C, Tolosa, E, Valldeoriola, F, Vargas-Gonzalez, L, Vela, L, Vives, F, Zimprich, A, Pihlstrom, L, Toft, M, Koks, S, Taba, P, Hassin-Baer, S, Ezquerra, M, Malagelada, C, and Int Parkinson's Dis Genomics Conso
Subjects: epistasis, alpha-synuclein, Parkinson's disease, mTOR, SNP, age at onset
Abstract: Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene are associated with differential risk and age at onset (AAO) of both idiopathic and Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2)-associated Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet potential combinatory or synergistic effects among several modulatory SNPs for PD risk or AAO remain largely underexplored. Objectives The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is functionally impaired in PD. Here we explored whether SNPs in the mTOR pathway, alone or by epistatic interaction with known susceptibility factors, can modulate PD risk and AAO. Methods Based on functional relevance, we selected a total of 64 SNPs mapping to a total of 57 genes from the mTOR pathway and genotyped a discovery series cohort encompassing 898 PD patients and 921 controls. As a replication series, we screened 4170 PD and 3014 controls available from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium. Results In the discovery series cohort, we found a 4-loci interaction involving STK11 rs8111699, FCHSD1 rs456998, GSK3B rs1732170, and SNCA rs356219, which was associated with an increased risk of PD (odds ratio = 2.59, P < .001). In addition, we also found a 3-loci epistatic combination of RPTOR rs11868112 and RPS6KA2 rs6456121 with SNCA rs356219, which was associated (odds ratio = 2.89; P < .0001) with differential AAO. The latter was further validated (odds ratio = 1.56; P = 0.046-0.047) in the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium cohort. Conclusions These findings indicate that genetic variability in the mTOR pathway contributes to SNCA effects in a nonlinear epistatic manner to modulate differential AAO in PD, unraveling the contribution of this cascade in the pathogenesis of the disease. (c) 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Published: 2019

22. Moving beyond neurons : the role of cell type-specific gene regulation in Parkinson's disease heritability

Author: Reynolds, R. H., Botía, J., Nalls, M. A., Noyce, A. J., Nicolas, A., Cookson, M. R., Bandres-Ciga, S., Gibbs, J. R., Hernandez, D. G., Singleton, A. B., Reed, X., Leonard, H., Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Faghri, F., Bras, J., Guerreiro, Rita, Tucci, A., Kia, Demis A, Houlden, Henry, Plun-Favreau, H., Mok, K. Y., Wood, N. W., Lovering, R., R'Bibo, L., Rizig, M., Chelban, Viorica, Trabzuni, D., Tan, M., Morris, H. R., Middlehurst, B., Quinn, J., Billingsley, K., Holmans, Peter, Kinghorn, K. J., Lewis, P., Escott-Price, Valentina, Williams, N., Foltynie, T., Brice, Alexis, Danjou, F., Lesage, S., Corvol, Jean-Christophe, Martinez, M., Giri, A., Schulte, C., Brockmann, K., Simón-Sánchez, J., Heutink, Peter, Gasser, Thomas, Rizzu, P., Sharma, M., Shulman, J. M., Robak, L., Lubbe, S., Mencacci, N. E., Finkbeiner, S., Lungu, C., Scholz, S. W., Gan-Or, Z., Rouleau, G. A., Krohan, L., van Hilten, J. J., Marinus, J., Adarmes-Gómez, A.D, Bernal-Bernal, I., Bonilla-Toribio, Marta, Buiza-Rueda, Dolores, Carrillo, F., Carrión-Claro, M., Mir, P., Gómez-Garre, P., Jesús, S., Labrador-Espinosa, Miguel A, Macías-García, Daniel, Vargas-González, L., Méndez-del-Barrio, C., Periñán-Tocino, T., Tejera-Parrado, C., Diez-Fairen, Monica., Aguilar Barberà, Miquel, Alvarez, Ignacio, Boungiorno, M. T., Carcel, M., Pastor, Pau, Tartari, J. P., Alvarez, V., González, M. M., Blázquez Estrada, Marta, Garcia, C.., Suarez-Sanmartin, E., Barrero, F. J., Rezola, E. M., Yarza, J. A. B., Pagola, A. G., de Munain Arregui, A. L., Ruiz-Martínez, J., Cerdan, Debora, Duarte, J., Clarimón, Jordi, Dols Icardo, Oriol, Infante, J., Marín, J., Kulisevsky, Jaime, Pagonabarraga Mora, Javier, Gonzalez-Aramburu, Isabel, Rodriguez, A. S., Sierra, M., Duran, Raquel, Ruz, C., Vives, F., Escamilla-Sevilla, F., Mínguez, A., Cámara, Ana, Compta, Yaroslau, Ezquerra, M., Marti, M. J., Fernández, M., Muñoz García, José Esteban, Fernández Santiago, Rubén, Tolosa, E., Valldeoriola, F., García-Ruiz, P., Heredia, M. J. G., Errazquin, F. P., Hoenicka, J., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Martínez-Castrillo, J. C., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., Torres, I. M., Tabernero, C., Vela, Lydia, Zimprich, Alexander, Pihlstrom, L., Koks, S., Taba, P., Majamaa, K., Siitonen, A., Okubadejo, N. U., Ojo, O. O., Pitcher, T., Anderson, T., Bentley, S., Fowdar, J., Mellick, G., Dalrymple-Alford, J., Henders, Anjali K, Kassam, I., Montgomery, G., Sidorenko, J., Zhang, F., Xue, A., Vallerga, C. L., Wallace, Leanne, Wray, N. R., Yang, J., Visscher, P. M., Gratten, J., Silburn, P. A., Halliday, G., Hickie, Ian B, Kwok, J., Lewis, S., Kennedy, M., Pearson, J., Hardy, J., Gagliano Taliun, S. A., Ryten, Mina, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD), with its characteristic loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and deposition of α-synuclein in neurons, is often considered a neuronal disorder. However, in recent years substantial evidence has emerged to implicate glial cell types, such as astrocytes and microglia. In this study, we used stratified LD score regression and expression-weighted cell-type enrichment together with several brain-related and cell-type-specific genomic annotations to connect human genomic PD findings to specific brain cell types. We found that PD heritability attributable to common variation does not enrich in global and regional brain annotations or brain-related cell-type-specific annotations. Likewise, we found no enrichment of PD susceptibility genes in brain-related cell types. In contrast, we demonstrated a significant enrichment of PD heritability in a curated lysosomal gene set highly expressed in astrocytic, microglial, and oligodendrocyte subtypes, and in LoF-intolerant genes, which were found highly expressed in almost all tested cellular subtypes. Our results suggest that PD risk loci do not lie in specific cell types or individual brain regions, but rather in global cellular processes detectable across several cell types.
Published: 2019

23. Author Correction: Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Abeta, tau, immunity and lipid processing

Author: KUNKLE, B. W., GRENIER-BOLEY, B., SIMS, R., BIS, J. C., DAMOTTE, V., NAJ, A. C., BOLAND, A., VRONSKAYA, M., VAN DER LEE, S. J., AMLIE-WOLF, A., BELLENGUEZ, C., FRIZATTI, A., CHOURAKI, V., MARTIN, E. R., SLEEGERS, K., BADARINARAYAN, N., JAKOBSDOTTIR, J., HAMILTON-NELSON, K. L., MORENO-GRAU, S., OLASO, R., RAYBOULD, R., CHEN, Y., KUZMA, A. B., HILTUNEN, M., MORGAN, T., AHMAD, S., VARDARAJAN, B. N., EPELBAUM, J., HOFFMANN, P., BOADA, M., BEECHAM, G. W., GARNIER, J. G., HAROLD, D., FITZPATRICK, A. L., VALLADARES, O., MOUTET, M. L., GERRISH, A., SMITH, A. V., QU, L., BACQ, D., DENNING, N., JIAN, X., ZHAO, Y., DEL ZOMPO, M., FOX, N. C., CHOI, S. H., MATEO, I., HUGHES, J. T., ADAMS, H. H., MALAMON, J., SANCHEZ-GARCIA, F., PATEL, Y., BRODY, J. A., DOMBROSKI, B. A., NARANJO, M. C. D., DANIILIDOU, M., EIRIKSDOTTIR, G., MUKHERJEE, S., WALLON, D., UPHILL, J., ASPELUND, T., CANTWELL, L. B., GARZIA, F., GALIMBERTI, D., HOFER, E., BUTKIEWICZ, M., FIN, B., SCARPINI, E., SARNOWSKI, C., BUSH, W. S., MESLAGE, S., KORNHUBER, J., WHITE, C. C., SONG, Y., BARBER, R. C., ENGELBORGHS, S., SORDON, S., VOIJNOVIC, D., ADAMS, P. M., VANDENBERGHE, R., MAYHAUS, M., CUPPLES, L. A., ALBERT, M. S., DE DEYN, P. P., GU, W., HIMALI, J. J., BEEKLY, D., SQUASSINA, A., HARTMANN, A. M., ORELLANA, A., BLACKER, D., RODRIGUEZ-RODRIGUEZ, E., LOVESTONE, S., GARCIA, M. E., DOODY, R. S., MUNOZ-FERNADEZ, C., SUSSAMS, R., LIN, H., FAIRCHILD, T. J., BENITO, Y. A., HOLMES, C., KARAMUJIC-COMIC, H., FROSCH, M. P., THONBERG, H., MAIER, W., ROSHCHUPKIN, G., GHETTI, B., GIEDRAITIS, V., KAWALIA, A., LI, S., HUEBINGER, R. M., KILANDER, L., MOEBUS, S., HERNANDEZ, I., KAMBOH, M. I., BRUNDIN, R., TURTON, J., YANG, Q., KATZ, M. J., CONCARI, L., LORD, J., BEISER, A. S., KEENE, C. D., HELISALMI, S., KLOSZEWSKA, I., KUKULL, W. A., KOIVISTO, A. M., LYNCH, A., TARRAGA, L., LARSON, E. B., HAAPASALO, A., LAWLOR, B., MOSLEY, T. H., LIPTON, R. B., SOLFRIZZI, V., GILL, M., LONGSTRETH, W. T., Jr., MONTINE, T. J., FRISARDI, V., DIEZ-FAIREN, M., RIVADENEIRA, F., PETERSEN, R. C., DERAMECOURT, V., ALVAREZ, I., SALANI, F., CIARAMELLA, A., BOERWINKLE, E., REIMAN, E. M., FIEVET, N., ROTTER, J. I., REISCH, J. S., HANON, O., CUPIDI, C., UITTERLINDEN, A. G. A., ROYALL, D. R., DUFOUIL, Carole, MALETTA, R. G., DE ROJAS, I., SANO, M., BRICE, A., CECCHETTI, R., GEORGE-HYSLOP, P. S., RITCHIE, K., TSOLAKI, M., TSUANG, D. W., DUBOIS, B., CRAIG, D., WU, C. K., SOININEN, H., AVRAMIDOU, D., ALBIN, R. L., FRATIGLIONI, L., GERMANOU, A., APOSTOLOVA, L. G., KELLER, L., KOUTROUMANI, M., ARNOLD, S. E., PANZA, F., GKATZIMA, O., ASTHANA, S., HANNEQUIN, D., WHITEHEAD, P., ATWOOD, C. S., CAFFARRA, P., HAMPEL, H., QUINTELA, I., CARRACEDO, A., LANNFELT, L., RUBINSZTEIN, D. C., BARNES, L. L., PASQUIER, F., FROLICH, L., BARRAL, S., MCGUINNESS, B., BEACH, T. G., JOHNSTON, J. A., BECKER, J. T., PASSMORE, P., BIGIO, E. H., SCHOTT, J. M., BIRD, T. D., WARREN, J. D., BOEVE, B. F., LUPTON, M. K., BOWEN, J. D., PROITSI, P., BOXER, A., POWELL, J. F., BURKE, J. R., KAUWE, J. S. K., BURNS, J. M., MANCUSO, M., BUXBAUM, J. D., BONUCCELLI, U., CAIRNS, N. J., MCQUILLIN, A., CAO, C., LIVINGSTON, G., CARLSON, C. S., BASS, N. J., CARLSSON, C. M., HARDY, J., CARNEY, R. M., BRAS, J., CARRASQUILLO, M. M., GUERREIRO, R., ALLEN, M., CHUI, H. C., FISHER, E., MASULLO, C., CROCCO, E. A., DECARLI, C., BISCEGLIO, G., DICK, M., MA, L., DUARA, R., GRAFF-RADFORD, N. R., EVANS, D. A., HODGES, A., FABER, K. M., SCHERER, M., FALLON, K. B., RIEMENSCHNEIDER, M., FARDO, D. W., HEUN, R., FARLOW, M. R., KOLSCH, H., FERRIS, S., LEBER, M., FOROUD, T. M., HEUSER, I., GALASKO, D. R., GIEGLING, I., GEARING, M., HULL, M., GESCHWIND, D. H., GILBERT, J. R., MORRIS, J., GREEN, R. C., MAYO, K., GROWDON, J. H., FEULNER, T., HAMILTON, R. L., HARRELL, L. E., DRICHEL, D., HONIG, L. S., CUSHION, T. D., HUENTELMAN, M. J., HOLLINGWORTH, P., HULETTE, C. M., HYMAN, B. T., MARSHALL, R., JARVIK, G. P., MEGGY, A., ABNER, E., MENZIES, G. E., JIN, L. W., LEONENKO, G., REAL, L. M., JUN, G. R., BALDWIN, C. T., GROZEVA, D., KARYDAS, A., RUSSO, G., KAYE, J. A., KIM, R., JESSEN, F., KOWALL, N. W., VELLAS, B., KRAMER, J. H., VARDY, E., LAFERLA, F. M., JOCKEL, K. H., LAH, J. J., DICHGANS, M., LEVERENZ, J. B., MANN, D., LEVEY, A. I., PICKERING-BROWN, S., LIEBERMAN, A. P., KLOPP, N., LUNETTA, K. L., WICHMANN, H. E., LYKETSOS, C. G., MORGAN, K., MARSON, D. C., BROWN, K., MARTINIUK, F., MEDWAY, C., MASH, D. C., NOTHEN, M. M., MASLIAH, E., HOOPER, N. M., MCCORMICK, W. C., DANIELE, A., MCCURRY, S. M., BAYER, A., MCDAVID, A. N., GALLACHER, J., MCKEE, A. C., VAN DEN BUSSCHE, H., MESULAM, M., BRAYNE, C., MILLER, B. L., RIEDEL-HELLER, S., MILLER, C. A., MILLER, J. W., AL-CHALABI, A., MORRIS, J. C., SHAW, C. E., MYERS, A. J., WILTFANG, J., O'BRYANT, S., OLICHNEY, J. M., ALVAREZ, V., PARISI, J. E., SINGLETON, A. B., PAULSON, H. L., COLLINGE, J., PERRY, W. R., MEAD, S., PESKIND, E., CRIBBS, D. H., ROSSOR, M., PIERCE, A., RYAN, N. S., POON, W. W., NACMIAS, B., POTTER, H., SORBI, S., QUINN, J. F., SACCHINELLI, E., RAJ, A., SPALLETTA, G., RASKIND, M., CALTAGIRONE, C., BOSSU, P., ORFEI, M. D., REISBERG, B., CLARKE, R., REITZ, C., SMITH, A. D., RINGMAN, J. M., WARDEN, D., ROBERSON, E. D., WILCOCK, G., ROGAEVA, E., BRUNI, A. C., ROSEN, H. J., GALLO, M., ROSENBERG, R. N., BEN-SHLOMO, Y., SAGER, M. A., MECOCCI, P., SAYKIN, A. J., PASTOR, P., CUCCARO, M. L., VANCE, J. M., SCHNEIDER, J. A., SCHNEIDER, L. S., SLIFER, S., SEELEY, W. W., SMITH, A. G., SONNEN, J. A., SPINA, S., STERN, R. A., SWERDLOW, R. H., TANG, M., TANZI, R. E., TROJANOWSKI, J. Q., TRONCOSO, J. C., VAN DEERLIN, V. M., VAN ELDIK, L. J., VINTERS, H. V., VONSATTEL, J. P., WEINTRAUB, S., WELSH-BOHMER, K. A., WILHELMSEN, K. C., WILLIAMSON, J., WINGO, T. S., WOLTJER, R. L., WRIGHT, C. B., YU, C. E., YU, L., SABA, Y., PILOTTO, A., BULLIDO, M. J., PETERS, O., CRANE, P. K., BENNETT, D., BOSCO, P., COTO, E., BOCCARDI, V., DE JAGER, P. L., LLEO, A., WARNER, N., LOPEZ, O. L., INGELSSON, M., DELOUKAS, P., CRUCHAGA, C., GRAFF, C., GWILLIAM, R., FORNAGE, M., GOATE, A. M., SANCHEZ-JUAN, P., KEHOE, P. G., AMIN, N., ERTEKIN-TANER, N., BERR, C., DEBETTE, Stephanie, LOVE, S., LAUNER, L. J., YOUNKIN, S. G., DARTIGUES, Jean-Francois, CORCORAN, C., IKRAM, M. A., DICKSON, D. W., NICOLAS, G., CAMPION, D., TSCHANZ, J., SCHMIDT, H., HAKONARSON, H., CLARIMON, J., MUNGER, R., SCHMIDT, R., FARRER, L. A., VAN BROECKHOVEN, C., O'DONOVAN, M. C., DESTEFANO, A. L., JONES, L., HAINES, J. L., DELEUZE, J. F., OWEN, M. J., GUDNASON, V., MAYEUX, R., ESCOTT-PRICE, V., PSATY, B. M., RAMIREZ, A., WANG, L. S., RUIZ, A., VAN DUIJN, C. M., HOLMANS, P. A., SESHADRI, S., WILLIAMS, J., AMOUYEL, P., SCHELLENBERG, G. D., LAMBERT, J. C., PERICAK-VANCE, M. A., Clinical sciences, Neurology, and Pathologic Biochemistry and Physiology
Subjects: Medicine(all), MEDLINE, Medizin, Disease, Computational biology, Biology, medicine.disease, Article, Immunity, Alzheimer Disease, ddc:570, Meta-analysis, Genetics, medicine, Alzheimer's disease
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Published: 2019
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24. Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates A beta, tau, immunity and lipid processing

Author: KUNKLE, B. W., GRENIER-BOLEY, B., SIMS, R., BIS, J. C., DAMOTTE, V., NAJ, A. C., BOLAND, A., VRONSKAYA, M., VAN DER LEE, S. J., AMLIE-WOLF, A., BELLENGUEZ, C., FRIZATTI, A., CHOURAKI, V., MARTIN, E. R., SLEEGERS, K., BADARINARAYAN, N., JAKOBSDOTTIR, J., HAMILTON-NELSON, K. L., MORENO-GRAU, S., OLASO, R., RAYBOULD, R., CHEN, Y., KUZMA, A. B., HILTUNEN, M., MORGAN, T., AHMAD, S., VARDARAJAN, B. N., EPELBAUM, J., HOFFMANN, P., BOADA, M., BEECHAM, G. W., GARNIER, J. G., HAROLD, D., FITZPATRICK, A. L., VALLADARES, O., MOUTET, M. L., GERRISH, A., SMITH, A. V., QU, L., BACQ, D., DENNING, N., JIAN, X., ZHAO, Y., DEL ZOMPO, M., FOX, N. C., CHOI, S. H., MATEO, I., HUGHES, J. T., ADAMS, H. H., MALAMON, J., SANCHEZ-GARCIA, F., PATEL, Y., BRODY, J. A., DOMBROSKI, B. A., NARANJO, M. C. D., DANIILIDOU, M., EIRIKSDOTTIR, G., MUKHERJEE, S., WALLON, D., UPHILL, J., ASPELUND, T., CANTWELL, L. B., GARZIA, F., GALIMBERTI, D., HOFER, E., BUTKIEWICZ, M., FIN, B., SCARPINI, E., SARNOWSKI, C., BUSH, W. S., MESLAGE, S., KORNHUBER, J., WHITE, C. C., SONG, Y., BARBER, R. C., ENGELBORGHS, S., SORDON, S., VOIJNOVIC, D., ADAMS, P. M., VANDENBERGHE, R., MAYHAUS, M., CUPPLES, L. A., ALBERT, M. S., DE DEYN, P. P., GU, W., HIMALI, J. J., BEEKLY, D., SQUASSINA, A., HARTMANN, A. M., ORELLANA, A., BLACKER, D., RODRIGUEZ-RODRIGUEZ, E., LOVESTONE, S., GARCIA, M. E., DOODY, R. S., MUNOZ-FERNADEZ, C., SUSSAMS, R., LIN, H., FAIRCHILD, T. J., BENITO, Y. A., HOLMES, C., KARAMUJIC-COMIC, H., FROSCH, M. P., THONBERG, H., MAIER, W., ROSCHUPKIN, G., GHETTI, B., GIEDRAITIS, V., KAWALIA, A., LI, S., HUEBINGER, R. M., KILANDER, L., MOEBUS, S., HERNANDEZ, I., KAMBOH, M. I., BRUNDIN, R., TURTON, J., YANG, Q., KATZ, M. J., CONCARI, L., LORD, J., BEISER, A. S., KEENE, C. D., HELISALMI, S., KLOSZEWSKA, I., KUKULL, W. A., KOIVISTO, A. M., LYNCH, A., TARRAGA, L., LARSON, E. B., HAAPASALO, A., LAWLOR, B., MOSLEY, T. H., LIPTON, R. B., SOLFRIZZI, V., GILL, M., LONGSTRETH, W. T. Jr., MONTINE, T. J., FRISARDI, V., DIEZ-FAIREN, M., RIVADENEIRA, F., PETERSEN, R. C., DERAMECOURT, V., ALVAREZ, I., SALANI, F., CIARAMELLA, A., BOERWINKLE, E., REIMAN, E. M., FIEVET, N., ROTTER, J. I., REISCH, J. S., HANON, O., CUPIDI, C., ANDRE UITTERLINDEN, A. G., ROYALL, D. R., DUFOUIL, Carole, MALETTA, R. G., DE ROJAS, I., SANO, M., BRICE, A., CECCHETTI, R., GEORGE-HYSLOP, P. S., RITCHIE, K., TSOLAKI, M., TSUANG, D. W., DUBOIS, B., CRAIG, D., WU, C. K., SOININEN, H., AVRAMIDOU, D., ALBIN, R. L., FRATIGLIONI, L., GERMANOU, A., APOSTOLOVA, L. G., KELLER, L., KOUTROUMANI, M., ARNOLD, S. E., PANZA, F., GKATZIMA, O., ASTHANA, S., HANNEQUIN, D., WHITEHEAD, P., ATWOOD, C. S., CAFFARRA, P., HAMPEL, H., QUINTELA, I., CARRACEDO, A., LANNFELT, L., RUBINSZTEIN, D. C., BARNES, L. L., PASQUIER, F., FROLICH, L., BARRAL, S., MCGUINNESS, B., BEACH, T. G., JOHNSTON, J. A., BECKER, J. T., PASSMORE, P., BIGIO, E. H., SCHOTT, J. M., BIRD, T. D., WARREN, J. D., BOEVE, B. F., LUPTON, M. K., BOWEN, J. D., PROITSI, P., BOXER, A., POWELL, J. F., BURKE, J. R., KAUWE, J. S. K., BURNS, J. M., MANCUSO, M., BUXBAUM, J. D., BONUCCELLI, U., CAIRNS, N. J., MCQUILLIN, A., CAO, C., LIVINGSTON, G., CARLSON, C. S., BASS, N. J., CARLSSON, C. M., HARDY, J., CARNEY, R. M., BRAS, J., CARRASQUILLO, M. M., GUERREIRO, R., ALLEN, M., CHUI, H. C., FISHER, E., MASULLO, C., CROCCO, E. A., DECARLI, C., BISCEGLIO, G., DICK, M., MA, L., DUARA, R., GRAFF-RADFORD, N. R., EVANS, D. A., HODGES, A., FABER, K. M., SCHERER, M., FALLON, K. B., RIEMENSCHNEIDER, M., FARDO, D. W., HEUN, R., FARLOW, M. R., KOLSCH, H., FERRIS, S., LEBER, M., FOROUD, T. M., HEUSER, I., GALASKO, D. R., GIEGLING, I., GEARING, M., HULL, M., GESCHWIND, D. H., GILBERT, J. R., MORRIS, J., GREEN, R. C., MAYO, K., GROWDON, J. H., FEULNER, T., HAMILTON, R. L., HARRELL, L. E., DRICHEL, D., HONIG, L. S., CUSHION, T. D., HUENTELMAN, M. J., HOLLINGWORTH, P., HULETTE, C. M., HYMAN, B. T., MARSHALL, R., JARVIK, G. P., MEGGY, A., ABNER, E., MENZIES, G. E., JIN, L. W., LEONENKO, G., REAL, L. M., JUN, G. R., BALDWIN, C. T., GROZEVA, D., KARYDAS, A., RUSSO, G., KAYE, J. A., KIM, R., JESSEN, F., KOWALL, N. W., VELLAS, B., KRAMER, J. H., VARDY, E., LAFERLA, F. M., JOCKEL, K. H., LAH, J. J., DICHGANS, M., LEVERENZ, J. B., MANN, D., LEVEY, A. I., PICKERING-BROWN, S., LIEBERMAN, A. P., KLOPP, N., LUNETTA, K. L., WICHMANN, H. E., LYKETSOS, C. G., MORGAN, K., MARSON, D. C., BROWN, K., MARTINIUK, F., MEDWAY, C., MASH, D. C., NOTHEN, M. M., MASLIAH, E., HOOPER, N. M., MCCORMICK, W. C., DANIELE, A., MCCURRY, S. M., BAYER, A., MCDAVID, A. N., GALLACHER, J., MCKEE, A. C., VAN DEN BUSSCHE, H., MESULAM, M., BRAYNE, C., MILLER, B. L., RIEDEL-HELLER, S., MILLER, C. A., MILLER, J. W., AL-CHALABI, A., MORRIS, J. C., SHAW, C. E., MYERS, A. J., WILTFANG, J., O'BRYANT, S., OLICHNEY, J. M., ALVAREZ, V., PARISI, J. E., SINGLETON, A. B., PAULSON, H. L., COLLINGE, J., PERRY, W. R., MEAD, S., PESKIND, E., CRIBBS, D. H., ROSSOR, M., PIERCE, A., RYAN, N. S., POON, W. W., NACMIAS, B., POTTER, H., SORBI, S., QUINN, J. F., SACCHINELLI, E., RAJ, A., SPALLETTA, G., RASKIND, M., CALTAGIRONE, C., BOSSU, P., ORFEI, M. D., REISBERG, B., CLARKE, R., REITZ, C., SMITH, A. D., RINGMAN, J. M., WARDEN, D., ROBERSON, E. D., WILCOCK, G., ROGAEVA, E., BRUNI, A. C., ROSEN, H. J., GALLO, M., ROSENBERG, R. N., BEN-SHLOMO, Y., SAGER, M. A., MECOCCI, P., SAYKIN, A. J., PASTOR, P., CUCCARO, M. L., VANCE, J. M., SCHNEIDER, J. A., SCHNEIDER, L. S., SLIFER, S., SEELEY, W. W., SMITH, A. G., SONNEN, J. A., SPINA, S., STERN, R. A., SWERDLOW, R. H., TANG, M., TANZI, R. E., TROJANOWSKI, J. Q., TRONCOSO, J. C., VAN DEERLIN, V. M., VAN ELDIK, L. J., VINTERS, H. V., VONSATTEL, J. P., WEINTRAUB, S., WELSH-BOHMER, K. A., WILHELMSEN, K. C., WILLIAMSON, J., WINGO, T. S., WOLTJER, R. L., WRIGHT, C. B., YU, C. E., YU, L., SABA, Y., ALZHEIMER DISEASE GENETICS, Consortium, EUROPEAN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, Initiative, COHORTS FOR, Heart, AGING RESEARCH IN GENOMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY, Consortium, GENETIC ENVIRONMENTAL RISK IN AD/DEFINING GENETIC, Polygenic, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, Consortium, PILOTTO, A., BULLIDO, M. J., PETERS, O., CRANE, P. K., BENNETT, D., BOSCO, P., COTO, E., BOCCARDI, V., DE JAGER, P. L., LLEO, A., WARNER, N., LOPEZ, O. L., INGELSSON, M., DELOUKAS, P., CRUCHAGA, C., GRAFF, C., GWILLIAM, R., FORNAGE, M., GOATE, A. M., SANCHEZ-JUAN, P., KEHOE, P. G., AMIN, N., ERTEKIN-TANER, N., BERR, C., DEBETTE, Stephanie, LOVE, S., LAUNER, L. J., YOUNKIN, S. G., DARTIGUES, Jean-Francois, CORCORAN, C., IKRAM, M. A., DICKSON, D. W., NICOLAS, G., CAMPION, D., TSCHANZ, J., SCHMIDT, H., HAKONARSON, H., CLARIMON, J., MUNGER, R., SCHMIDT, R., FARRER, L. A., VAN BROECKHOVEN, C., M, C. O' Donovan, DESTEFANO, A. L., JONES, L., HAINES, J. L., DELEUZE, J. F., OWEN, M. J., GUDNASON, V., MAYEUX, R., ESCOTT-PRICE, V., PSATY, B. M., RAMIREZ, A., WANG, L. S., RUIZ, A., VAN DUIJN, C. M., HOLMANS, P. A., SESHADRI, S., WILLIAMS, J., AMOUYEL, P., SCHELLENBERG, G. D., LAMBERT, J. C., PERICAK-VANCE, M. A., Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Clinical sciences, Pathologic Biochemistry and Physiology, Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Medizin, Gene Expression, genetics [Alzheimer Disease], Genome-wide association study, methods [Genome-Wide Association Study], SEPIA, Genome-wide association studies, genetic meta-analysis, 0302 clinical medicine, genetics [Immunity], genetics [Amyloid beta-Peptides], genetics, tau, genetics [Genetic Predisposition to Disease], new risk loci, Aβ, Genetics, Medicine(all), 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, Alzheimer's disease, Lipids, 3. Good health, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, VINTAGE, Female, Amyloid beta, methods [Genetic Testing], Tau protein, lipid processing, tau Proteins, genetics [Genetic Loci], Biology, Article, FR, 03 medical and health sciences, Alzheimer Disease, ddc:570, genetics [Haplotypes], medicine, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Dementia, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, LOAD, genetics [Lipids], Risk factor, immunity, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic testing, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Lipid Metabolism, medicine.disease, Gene expression, genetics [tau Proteins], Haplotypes, Genetic Loci, Case-Control Studies, genetics [Lipid Metabolism], genome-wide association studies, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study, dementia
Abstract: Risk for late-onset Alzheimers disease (LOAD), the most prevalent dementia, is partially driven by genetics. To identify LOAD risk loci, we performed a large genome-wide association meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed LOAD (94,437 individuals). We confirm 20 previous LOAD risk loci and identify five new genome-wide loci (IQCK, ACE, ADAM10, ADAMTS1, and WWOX), two of which (ADAM10, ACE) were identified in a recent genome-wide association (GWAS)-by-familial-proxy of Alzheimers or dementia. Fine-mapping of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region confirms the neurological and immune-mediated disease haplotype HLA-DR15 as a risk factor for LOAD. Pathway analysis implicates immunity, lipid metabolism, tau binding proteins, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, showing that genetic variants affecting APP and Aβ processing are associated not only with early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimers disease but also with LOAD. Analyses of risk genes and pathways show enrichment for rare variants (P = 1.32 ׫2009»10−7), indicating that additional rare variants remain to be identified. We also identify important genetic correlations between LOAD and traits such as family history of dementia and education.
Published: 2019
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25. Cardiovascular causes of sudden unexpected death in children and adolescents (0–17 years) : A nationwide autopsy study in the Netherlands

Author: Vos, A., van der Wal, A. C., Teeuw, A. H., Bras, J., Vink, A., Nikkels, P. G.J., and Dutch NODO group
Subjects: Myocarditis, Cardiovascular diseases, Sudden death, Autopsy, Cardiomyopathies, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Background: Little is known about the causes of unexpected death in minors (0–17 years). In young adults an important cause is cardiovascular disease, with primary arrhythmogenic disorders, atherosclerotic events, cardiomyopathies and myocarditis as main contributors. The aim of this autopsy study was to determine the contribution of cardiovascular disease to unexpected death in minors. Methods and results: In the Netherlands, systematic investigation of all cases of unexplained death in minors was compulsory in a nationwide governmental project during a 15-month period. Autopsies were performed according to a standardised protocol (autopsy rate 85%). A cardiovascular cause of death was found in 13/56 cases (23%). In the group
Published: 2018

26. Meta-analysis of genetic association with diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies novel risk loci and implicates Abeta, Tau, immunity and lipid processing

Author: Kunkle, BW, Grenier-Boley, B, Sims, R, Bis, JC, Naj, AC, Boland, A, Vronskaya, M, van der Lee, SJ, Amlie-Wolf, A, Bellenguez, C, Frizatti, A, Chouraki, V, Martin, ER, Sleegers, K, Badarinarayan, N, Jakobsdottir, J, Hamilton-Nelson, KL, Aloso, R, Raybould, R, Chen, Y, Kuzma, AB, Hiltunen, M, Morgan, T, Ahmad, S, Vardarajan, BN, Epelbaum, J, Hoffmann, P, Boada, M, Beecham, GW, Garnier, JG, Harold, D, Fitzpatrick, AL, Valladares, O, Moutet, ML, Gerrish, A, Smith, AV, Qu, L, Bacq, D, Denning, N, Jian, X, Zhao, Y, Zompo, MD, Fox, NC, Grove, ML, Choi, SH, Mateo, I, Hughes, JT, Adams, HH, Malamon, J, Garcia, FS, Patel, Y, Brody, JA, Dombroski, B, Naranjo, MCD, Daniilidou, M, Eiriksdottir, G, Mukherjee, S, Wallon, D, Uphill, J, Aspelund, T, Cantwell, LB, Garzia, F, Galimberti, D, Hofer, E, Butkiewics, M, Fin, B, Scarpini, E, Sarnowski, C, Bush, W, Meslage, S, Kornhuber, J, White, CC, Song, Y, Barber, RC, Engelborghs, S, Pichler, S, Voijnovic, D, Adams, PM, Vandenberghe, R, Mayhaus, M, Cupples, LA, Albert, MS, De Deyn, PP, Gu, W, Himali, JJ, Beekly, D, Squassina, A, Hartmann, AM, Orellana, A, Blacker, D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E, Lovestone, S, Garcia, ME, Doody, RS, Fernadez, CM, Sussams, R, Lin, H, Fairchild, TJ, Benito, YA, Holmes, C, Comic, H, Frosch, MP, Thonberg, H, Maier, W, Roschupkin, G, Ghetti, B, Giedraitis, V, Kawalia, A, Li, S, Huebinger, RM, Kilander, L, Moebus, S, Hernández, I, Kamboh, MI, Brundin, R, Turton, J, Yang, Q, Katz, MJ, Concari, L, Lord, J, Beiser, AS, Keene, CD, Helisalmi, S, Kloszewska, I, Kukull, WA, Koivisto, AM, Lynch, A, Tarraga, L, Larson, EB, Haapasalo, A, Lawlor, B, Mosley, TH, Lipton, RB, Solfrizzi, V, Gill, M, Longstreth Jr, WT, Montine, TJ, Frisardi, V, Ortega-Cubero, S, Rivadeneira, F, Petersen, RC, Deramecourt, V, Ciaramella, A, Boerwinkle, E, Reiman, EM, Fievet, N, Caltagirone, C, Rotter, JI, Reisch, JS, Hanon, O, Cupidi, C, Uitterlinden, AG, Royall, DR, Dufouil, C, Maletta, RG, Moreno-Grau, S, Sano, M, Brice, A, Cecchetti, R, St George-Hyslop, P, Ritchie, K, Tsolaki, M, Tsuang, DW, Dubois, B, Craig, D, Wu, CK, Soininen, H, Avramidou, D, Albin, RL, Fratiglioni, L, Germanou, A, Apostolova, LG, Keller, L, Koutroumani, M, Arnold, SE, Panza, F, Gkatzima, O, Asthana, S, Hannequin, D, Whitehead, P, Atwood, CS, Caffarra, P, Hampel, H, Baldwin, CT, Lannfelt, L, Rubinsztein, DC, Barnes, LL, Pasquier, F, Frölich, L, Barral, S, McGuinness, B, Beach, TG, Johnston, JI, Becker, JT, Passmore, P, Bigio, EH, Schott, JM, Bird, TD, Warren, JD, Boeve, BF, Lupton, MK, Bowen, JD, Proitsi, P, Boxer, A, Powell, JF, Burke, JR, Kauwe, JK, Burns, JM, Mancuso, M, Buxbaum, JD, Bonuccelli, U, Cairns, NJ, McQuillin, A, Cao, C, Livingston, G, Carlson, CS, Bass, NJ, Carlsson, CM, Hardy, J, Carney, RM, Bras, J, Carrasquillo, MM, Guerreiro, R, Allen, M, Chui, HC, Fisher, E, Cribbs, DH, Masullo, C, Crocco, EA, DeCarli, C, Bisceglio, G, Dick, M, Ma, L, Duara, R, Graff-Radford, NR, Evans, DA, Hodges, A, Faber, KM, Scherer, M, Fallon, KB, Riemenschneider, M, Fardo, DW, Heun, R, Farlow, MR, Ferris, S, Leber, M, Foroud, TM, Heuser, I, Galasko, DR, Giegling, I, Gearing, M, Hüll, M, Geschwind, DH, Gilbert, JR, Morris, J, Green, RC, Mayo, K, Growdon, JH, Feulner, T, Hamilton, RL, Harrell, LE, Drichel, D, Honig, LS, Cushion, TD, Huentelman, MJ, Hollingworth, P, Hulette, CM, Hyman, BT, Marshall, R, Jarvik, GP, Meggy, A, Abner, E, Menzies, G, Jin, LW, Leonenko, G, Jun, G, Grozeva, D, Karydas, A, Russo, G, Kaye, JA, Kim, R, Jessen, F, Kowall, NW, Vellas, B, Kramer, JH, Vardy, E, LaFerla, FM, Jöckel, KH, Lah, JJ, Dichgans, M, Leverenz, JB, Mann, D, Levey, AI, Pickering-Brown, S, Lieberman, AP, Klopp, N, Lunetta, KL, Wichmann, HE, Lyketsos, CG, Morgan, K, Marson, DC, Brown, K, Martiniuk, F, Medway, C, Mash, DC, Nöthen, MM, Masliah, E, Hooper, NM, McCormick, WC, Daniele, A, McCurry, SM, Bayer, A, McDavid, AN, Gallacher, J, McKee, AC, van den Bussche, H, Mesulam, M, Brayne, C, Miller, BL, Riedel-Heller, S, Miller, CA, Miller, JW, Al-Chalabi, A, Morris, JC, Shaw, CE, Myers, AJ, Wiltfang, J, O’Bryant, S, Coto, E, Olichney, JM, Alvarez, V, Parisi, JE, Singleton, AB, Paulson, HL, Collinge, J, Perry, W, Mead, S, Peskind, E, Rosser, M, Pierce, A, Ryan, N, Poon, WW, Nacmias, B, Potter, H, Sorbi, S, Quinn, JF, Sacchinelli, E, Raj, A, Spalletta, G, Raskind, M, Bossù, P, Reisberg, B, Clarke, R, Reitz, C, Smith, AD, Ringman, JM, Warden, D, Roberson, ED, Wilcock, G, Rogaeva, E, Bruni, AC, Rosen, HJ, Gallo, M, Rosenberg, RN, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Sager, MA, Mecocci, P, Saykin, AJ, Pastor, P, Cuccaro, ML, Vance, JM, Schneider, JA, Schneider, LS, Seeley, WW, Smith, AG, Sonnen, JA, Spina, S, Stern, RA, Swerdlow, RH, Tanzi, RE, Trojanowski, JQ, Troncoso, JC, Van Deerlin, VM, Van Eldik, LJ, Vinters, HV, Vonsattel, JP, Weintraub, S, Welsh-Bohmer, KA, Wilhelmsen, KC, Williamson, J, Wingo, TS, Woltjer, RL, Wright, CB, Yu, CE, Yu, L, Crane, PK, Bennett, DA, Boccardi, V, De Jager, PL, Warner, N, Lopez, OL, McDonough, S, Ingelsson, M, Deloukas, P, Cruchaga, C, Graff, C, Gwilliam, R, Fornage, M, Goate, AM, Sanchez-Juan, P, Kehoe, PG, Amin, N, Ertekin-Taner, N, Berr, C, Debette, S, Love, S, Launer, LJ, Younkin, SG, Dartigues, JF, Corcoran, C, Ikram, MA, Dickson, DW, Campion, D, Tschanz, J, Schmidt, H, Hakonarson, H, Munger, R, Schmidt, R, Farrer, LA, Van Broeckhoven, C, O’Donovan, MC, DeStefano, AL, Jones, L, Haines, JL, Deleuze, JF, Owen, MJ, Gudnason, V, Mayeux, R, Escott-Price, V, Psaty, BM, Ruiz, A, Ramirez, A, Wang, LS, van Duijn, CM, Holmans, PA, Seshadri, S, Williams, J, Amouyel, P, Schellenberg, GD, Lambert, JC, Pericak-Vance, MA, Bis, JC [0000-0002-3409-1110], Garnier, JG [0000-0003-4991-763X], Smith, AV [0000-0001-9088-234X], Denning, N [0000-0001-8467-7382], Vandenberghe, R [0000-0001-6237-2502], Himali, JJ [0000-0003-1391-9481], Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E [0000-0001-7742-677X], Frisardi, V [0000-0003-0764-7387], Ortega-Cubero, S [0000-0003-0520-9439], Hanon, O [0000-0002-4697-122X], Brice, A [0000-0002-0941-3990], Albin, RL [0000-0002-0629-608X], Buxbaum, JD [0000-0001-8898-8313], Bass, NJ [0000-0002-4481-778X], Fisher, E [0000-0003-2850-9936], Bayer, A [0000-0002-7514-248X], Gallacher, J [0000-0002-2394-5299], Brayne, C [0000-0001-5307-663X], Riedel-Heller, S [0000-0003-4321-6090], Al-Chalabi, A [0000-0002-4924-7712], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Aging, 4202 Epidemiology, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Neurodegenerative, Biology, 3101 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Alzheimer's Disease, 3105 Genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Research, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Genetics, medicine, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Dementia, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, 2 Aetiology, 0303 health sciences, Prevention, Human Genome, 42 Health Sciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Lipid metabolism, medicine.disease, Brain Disorders, 3. Good health, Meta-analysis, Neurological, Alzheimer's disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 31 Biological Sciences
Abstract: IntroductionLate-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD, onset age > 60 years) is the most prevalent dementia in the elderly1, and risk is partially driven by genetics2. Many of the loci responsible for this genetic risk were identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS)3–8. To identify additional LOAD risk loci, the we performed the largest GWAS to date (89,769 individuals), analyzing both common and rare variants. We confirm 20 previous LOAD risk loci and identify four new genome-wide loci (IQCK, ACE, ADAM10, and ADAMTS1). Pathway analysis of these data implicates the immune system and lipid metabolism, and for the first time tau binding proteins and APP metabolism. These findings show that genetic variants affecting APP and Aβ processing are not only associated with early-onset autosomal dominant AD but also with LOAD. Analysis of AD risk genes and pathways show enrichment for rare variants (P = 1.32 × 10−7) indicating that additional rare variants remain to be identified.
Published: 2018
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27. Nanocellulose based materials in liquid for stem cell growth monitoring

Author: Bras, J., Smyth, M., Picart, C., Foster, J., Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Laboratoire des matériaux et du génie physique (LMGP ), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], and Lmgp, Labo
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Published: 2018

28. Germinated single-bud setts in pots: a way to improve ecological resilience at planting

Author: Poser, Christophe, Chabanne, André, Martin, José, Gueno, Jean Maurice, Ribotte, Jean-Claude, Tumoine, Léo, Le Bras, J., Mathias Christina, and Goebel, François-Régis
Subjects: fungi, food and beverages
Abstract: In order to increase the area of sugarcane production, planting techniques should ensure uniform crop emergence and control of weeds at reasonable cost. Experiments using single- bud setts have been conducted in several countries (Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Egypt). In this poster, we present the advantages of planting germinated single-bud setts grown in pots into a cover crop with the aim of reducing soil tillage and herbicide usage in an agro- ecological approach to sugarcane production. Two trials were carried out to assess the effectiveness of germinated single-bud setts compared with traditional planting of three-bud setts. This included i) the quantity of planting material, yield and components thereof, and ii) the use of herbicide. In the first trial, the weights and number of tillers per plant were measured at 11 months after planting. In the second trial, germinated single-bud setts were planted into plant cover originating from a succession of a planted mixture of Crotaleria juncea and Mucuna, and Avena sativa. Tillering, stalk elongation and yields (plant and ratoon) were compared with those of traditionally planted cane in single rows. Time and herbicide inputs were quantified. In the first trial, both yields and number of nodes per stalk were similar for the germinated single-bud setts and the traditionally planted cane, but the number of stalks was significantly higher (8%) for the germinated single-bud setts. The average multiplication rate of the single- bud setts was 1:99 at 11 months. In the second trial, the number of tillers was again 8 % higher for the single-bud setts. There was no significant differences in stalk elongation and yields. In ratoon cane, no significant differences were observed. From an economic point of view, a saving of more than 80% of buds was achieved at planting. However, the increased labor requirement generated additional costs. Planting germinated single-bud setts into mulch resulted in reduced herbicide applications and erosion risks. Our study highlighted planting of germinated single-bud setts (in pots) into mulch as a reliable and affordable technique. In terms of the planting operation and yields, it is comparable with conventional planting techniques and can reduce soil tillage and the use of herbicides. Theoretically this technique reduces the risk of erosion while favoring water retention and increased functional biodiversity. It gives the advantage of complete and homogeneous emergence, as well as the possibility of bringing complementary nutrients in the pot near to the roots. Nevertheless, for Reunion Island conditions, progress still needs to be made in terms of acclimatization and mechanical transplantation of young plants.
Published: 2018

29. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Author: Anttila, V. Bulik-Sullivan, B. Finucane, H.K. Walters, R.K. Bras, J. Duncan, L. Escott-Price, V. Falcone, G.J. Gormley, P. Malik, R. Patsopoulos, N.A. Ripke, S. Wei, Z. Yu, D. Lee, P.H. Turley, P. Grenier-Boley, B. Chouraki, V. Kamatani, Y. Berr, C. Letenneur, L. Hannequin, D. Amouyel, P. Boland, A. Deleuze, J.-F. Duron, E. Vardarajan, B.N. Reitz, C. Goate, A.M. Huentelman, M.J. Ilyas Kamboh, M. Larson, E.B. Rogaeva, E. George-Hyslop, P.S. Hakonarson, H. Kukull, W.A. Farrer, L.A. Barnes, L.L. Beach, T.G. Yesim Demirci, F. Head, E. Hulette, C.M. Jicha, G.A. Kauwe, J.S.K. Kaye, J.A. Leverenz, J.B. Levey, A.I. Lieberman, A.P. Pankratz, V.S. Poon, W.W. Quinn, J.F. Saykin, A.J. Schneider, L.S. Smith, A.G. Sonnen, J.A. Stern, R.A. Van Deerlin, V.M. Van Eldik, L.J. Harold, D. Russo, G. Rubinsztein, D.C. Bayer, A. Tsolaki, M. Proitsi, P. Fox, N.C. Hampel, H. Owen, M.J. Mead, S. Passmore, P. Morgan, K. Nöthen, M.M. Rossor, M. Lupton, M.K. Hoffmann, P. Kornhuber, J. Lawlor, B. McQuillin, A. Al-Chalabi, A. Bis, J.C. Ruiz, A. Boada, M. Seshadri, S. Beiser, A. Rice, K. Van Der Lee, S.J. De Jager, P.L. Geschwind, D.H. Riemenschneider, M. Riedel-Heller, S. Rotter, J.I. Ransmayr, G. Hyman, B.T. Cruchaga, C. Alegret, M. Winsvold, B. Palta, P. Farh, K.-H. Cuenca-Leon, E. Furlotte, N. Kurth, T. Ligthart, L. Terwindt, G.M. Freilinger, T. Ran, C. Gordon, S.D. Borck, G. Adams, H.H.H. Lehtimäki, T. Wedenoja, J. Buring, J.E. Schürks, M. Hrafnsdottir, M. Hottenga, J.-J. Penninx, B. Artto, V. Kaunisto, M. Vepsäläinen, S. Martin, N.G. Montgomery, G.W. Kurki, M.I. Hämäläinen, E. Huang, H. Huang, J. Sandor, C. Webber, C. Muller-Myhsok, B. Schreiber, S. Salomaa, V. Loehrer, E. Göbel, H. Macaya, A. Pozo-Rosich, P. Hansen, T. Werge, T. Kaprio, J. Metspalu, A. Kubisch, C. Ferrari, M.D. Belin, A.C. Van Den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. Zwart, J.-A. Boomsma, D. Eriksson, N. Olesen, J. Chasman, D.I. Nyholt, D.R. Avbersek, A. Baum, L. Berkovic, S. Bradfield, J. Buono, R. Catarino, C.B. Cossette, P. De Jonghe, P. Depondt, C. Dlugos, D. Ferraro, T.N. French, J. Hjalgrim, H. Jamnadas-Khoda, J. Kälviäinen, R. Kunz, W.S. Lerche, H. Leu, C. Lindhout, D. Lo, W. Lowenstein, D. McCormack, M. Møller, R.S. Molloy, A. Ng, P.-W. Oliver, K. Privitera, M. Radtke, R. Ruppert, A.-K. Sander, T. Schachter, S. Schankin, C. Scheffer, I. Schoch, S. Sisodiya, S.M. Smith, P. Sperling, M. Striano, P. Surges, R. Neil Thomas, G. Visscher, F. Whelan, C.D. Zara, F. Heinzen, E.L. Marson, A. Becker, F. Stroink, H. Zimprich, F. Gasser, T. Gibbs, R. Heutink, P. Martinez, M. Morris, H.R. Sharma, M. Ryten, M. Mok, K.Y. Pulit, S. Bevan, S. Holliday, E. Attia, J. Battey, T. Boncoraglio, G. Thijs, V. Chen, W.-M. Mitchell, B. Rothwell, P. Sharma, P. Sudlow, C. Vicente, A. Markus, H. Kourkoulis, C. Pera, J. Raffeld, M. Silliman, S. Perica, V.B. Thornton, L.M. Huckins, L.M. William Rayner, N. Lewis, C.M. Gratacos, M. Rybakowski, F. Keski-Rahkonen, A. Raevuori, A. Hudson, J.I. Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. Monteleone, P. Karwautz, A. Mannik, K. Baker, J.H. O'Toole, J.K. Trace, S.E. Davis, O.S.P. Helder, S.G. Ehrlich, S. Herpertz-Dahlmann, B. Danner, U.N. Van Elburg, A.A. Clementi, M. Forzan, M. Docampo, E. Lissowska, J. Hauser, J. Tortorella, A. Maj, M. Gonidakis, F. Tziouvas, K. Papezova, H. Yilmaz, Z. Wagner, G. Cohen-Woods, S. Herms, S. Julia, A. Rabionet, R. Dick, D.M. Ripatti, S. Andreassen, O.A. Espeseth, T. Lundervold, A.J. Steen, V.M. Pinto, D. Scherer, S.W. Aschauer, H. Schosser, A. Alfredsson, L. Padyukov, L. Halmi, K.A. Mitchell, J. Strober, M. Bergen, A.W. Kaye, W. Szatkiewicz, J.P. Cormand, B. Ramos-Quiroga, J.A. Sánchez-Mora, C. Ribasés, M. Casas, M. Hervas, A. Arranz, M.J. Haavik, J. Zayats, T. Johansson, S. Williams, N. Dempfle, A. Rothenberger, A. Kuntsi, J. Oades, R.D. Banaschewski, T. Franke, B. Buitelaar, J.K. Vasquez, A.A. Doyle, A.E. Reif, A. Lesch, K.-P. Freitag, C. Rivero, O. Palmason, H. Romanos, M. Langley, K. Rietschel, M. Witt, S.H. Dalsgaard, S. Børglum, A.D. Waldman, I. Wilmot, B. Molly, N. Bau, C.H.D. Crosbie, J. Schachar, R. Loo, S.K. McGough, J.J. Grevet, E.H. Medland, S.E. Robinson, E. Weiss, L.A. Bacchelli, E. Bailey, A. Bal, V. Battaglia, A. Betancur, C. Bolton, P. Cantor, R. Celestino-Soper, P. Dawson, G. De Rubeis, S. Duque, F. Green, A. Klauck, S.M. Leboyer, M. Levitt, P. Maestrini, E. Mane, S. Moreno-De-Luca, D. Parr, J. Regan, R. Reichenberg, A. Sandin, S. Vorstman, J. Wassink, T. Wijsman, E. Cook, E. Santangelo, S. Delorme, R. Roge, B. Magalhaes, T. Arking, D. Schulze, T.G. Thompson, R.C. Strohmaier, J. Matthews, K. Melle, I. Morris, D. Blackwood, D. McIntosh, A. Bergen, S.E. Schalling, M. Jamain, S. Maaser, A. Fischer, S.B. Reinbold, C.S. Fullerton, J.M. Guzman-Parra, J. Mayoral, F. Schofield, P.R. Cichon, S. Mühleisen, T.W. Degenhardt, F. Schumacher, J. Bauer, M. Mitchell, P.B. Gershon, E.S. Rice, J. Potash, J.B. Zandi, P.P. Craddock, N. Nicol Ferrier, I. Alda, M. Rouleau, G.A. Turecki, G. Ophoff, R. Pato, C. Anjorin, A. Stahl, E. Leber, M. Czerski, P.M. Cruceanu, C. Jones, I.R. Posthuma, D. Andlauer, T.F.M. Forstner, A.J. Streit, F. Baune, B.T. Air, T. Sinnamon, G. Wray, N.R. MacIntyre, D.J. Porteous, D. Homuth, G. Rivera, M. Grove, J. Middeldorp, C.M. Hickie, I. Pergadia, M. Mehta, D. Smit, J.H. Jansen, R. De Geus, E. Dunn, E. Li, Q.S. Nauck, M. Schoevers, R.A. Beekman, A.T.F. Knowles, J.A. Viktorin, A. Arnold, P. Barr, C.L. Bedoya-Berrio, G. Joseph Bienvenu, O. Brentani, H. Burton, C. Camarena, B. Cappi, C. Cath, D. Cavallini, M. Cusi, D. Darrow, S. Denys, D. Derks, E.M. Dietrich, A. Fernandez, T. Figee, M. Freimer, N. Gerber, G. Grados, M. Greenberg, E. Hanna, G.L. Hartmann, A. Hirschtritt, M.E. Hoekstra, P.J. Huang, A. Huyser, C. Illmann, C. Jenike, M. Kuperman, S. Leventhal, B. Lochner, C. Lyon, G.J. Macciardi, F. Madruga-Garrido, M. Malaty, I.A. Maras, A. McGrath, L. Miguel, E.C. Mir, P. Nestadt, G. Nicolini, H. Okun, M.S. Pakstis, A. Paschou, P. Piacentini, J. Pittenger, C. Plessen, K. Ramensky, V. Ramos, E.M. Reus, V. Richter, M.A. Riddle, M.A. Robertson, M.M. Roessner, V. Rosário, M. Samuels, J.F. Sandor, P. Stein, D.J. Tsetsos, F. Van Nieuwerburgh, F. Weatherall, S. Wendland, J.R. Wolanczyk, T. Worbe, Y. Zai, G. Goes, F.S. McLaughlin, N. Nestadt, P.S. Grabe, H.-J. Depienne, C. Konkashbaev, A. Lanzagorta, N. Valencia-Duarte, A. Bramon, E. Buccola, N. Cahn, W. Cairns, M. Chong, S.A. Cohen, D. Crespo-Facorro, B. Crowley, J. Davidson, M. DeLisi, L. Dinan, T. Donohoe, G. Drapeau, E. Duan, J. Haan, L. Hougaard, D. Karachanak-Yankova, S. Khrunin, A. Klovins, J. Kučinskas, V. Keong, J.L.C. Limborska, S. Loughland, C. Lönnqvist, J. Maher, B. Mattheisen, M. McDonald, C. Murphy, K.C. Nenadic, I. Van Os, J. Pantelis, C. Pato, M. Petryshen, T. Quested, D. Roussos, P. Sanders, A.R. Schall, U. Schwab, S.G. Sim, K. So, H.-C. Stögmann, E. Subramaniam, M. Toncheva, D. Waddington, J. Walters, J. Weiser, M. Cheng, W. Cloninger, R. Curtis, D. Gejman, P.V. Henskens, F. Mattingsdal, M. Oh, S.-Y. Scott, R. Webb, B. Breen, G. Churchhouse, C. Bulik, C.M. Daly, M. Dichgans, M. Faraone, S.V. Guerreiro, R. Holmans, P. Kendler, K.S. Koeleman, B. Mathews, C.A. Price, A. Scharf, J. Sklar, P. Williams, J. Wood, N.W. Cotsapas, C. Palotie, A. Smoller, J.W. Sullivan, P. Rosand, J. Corvin, A. Neale, B.M. The Brainstorm Consortium
Abstract: Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology. © 2018 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018

30. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Author: Anttila, V., Bulik-Sullivan, B., Finucane, H.K., Walters, R.K., Bras, J., Duncan, L., Escott-Price, V., Falcone, G.J., Gormley, P., Malik, R., Patsopoulos, N.A., Ripke, S., Wei, Z., Yu, D., Lee, P.H., Turley, P., Grenier-Boley, B., Chouraki, V., Kamatani, Y., Berr, C., Letenneur, L., Hannequin, D., Amouyel, P., Boland, A., Deleuze, J.F., Duron, E., Vardarajan, B.N., Reitz, C., Goate, A.M., Huentelman, M.J., Kamboh, M.I., Larson, E.B., Rogaeva, E., George-Hyslop, P. St, Hakonarson, H., Kukull, W.A., Farrer, L.A., Barnes, L.L., Beach, T.G., Demirci, F.Y., Head, E., Hulette, C.M., Jicha, G.A., Kauwe, J.S.K., Kaye, J.A., Leverenz, J.B., Levey, A.I., Lieberman, A.P., Pankratz, V.S., Poon, W.W., Quinn, J.F., Saykin, A.J., Schneider, L.S., Smith, A.G., Sonnen, J.A., Stern, R.A., Deerlin, V.M. Van, Eldik, L.J. Van, Harold, D., Russo, G., Rubinsztein, D.C., Bayer, A., Tsolaki, M., Proitsi, P., Fox, N.C., Hampel, H., Owen, M.J., Mead, S., Passmore, P., Morgan, K., Nothen, M.M., Rossor, M., Lupton, M.K., Hoffmann, P., Kornhuber, J., Lawlor, B., McQuillin, A., Al-Chalabi, A., Bis, J.C., Ruiz, A., Boada, M., Seshadri, S., Beiser, A., Rice, K., Lee, S.J. van der, Jager, P.L. De, Geschwind, D.H., Riemenschneider, M., Riedel-Heller, S., Rotter, J.I., Ransmayr, G., Hyman, B.T., Cruchaga, C., Alegret, M., Winsvold, B., Palta, P., Farh, K.H., Cuenca-Leon, E., Furlotte, N., Kurth, T., et al., Stroink, H., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J.K., Arias Vasquez, A., Corvin, A., and Neale, B.M.
Subjects: Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7]
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 193271pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Contains fulltext : 193271pre.pdf (Author’s version preprint ) (Open Access) Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology. 13 p.
Published: 2018
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31. A rare loss-of-function variant of ADAM17 is associated with late-onset familial Alzheimer disease

Author: Hartl, D, May, P, Gu, W, Mayhaus, M, Pichler, S, Spaniol, C, Glaab, E, Bobbili, DR, Antony, P, Koegelsberger, S, Kurz, A, Grimmer, T, Morgan, K, Vardarajan, BN, Reitz, C, Hardy, J, Bras, J, Guerreiro, R, Balling, R, Schneider, JG, Riemenschneider, M, Sassi, C, Gibbs, JR, Hernandez, D, Brookes, KJ, Guetta-Baranes, T, Francis, PT, Lupton, MK, Brown, K, Powell, J, and Singleton, A
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Nonsynonymous substitution, Male, Molecular biology, Genome-wide association study, Biology, ADAM17 Protein, Article, Transcriptome, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, 0302 clinical medicine, Alzheimer Disease, Loss of Function Mutation, Germany, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, Genotyping, Loss function, Genetic association, Aged, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, ddc, Psychiatry and Mental health, 030104 developmental biology, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Female, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study, Neuroscience
Abstract: Common variants of about 20 genes contributing to AD risk have so far been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, there is still a large proportion of heritability that might be explained by rare but functionally important variants. One of the so far identified genes with rare AD causing variants is ADAM10. Using whole-genome sequencing we now identified a single rare nonsynonymous variant (SNV) rs142946965 [p.R215I] in ADAM17 co-segregating with an autosomal-dominant pattern of late-onset AD in one family. Subsequent genotyping and analysis of available whole-exome sequencing data of additional case/control samples from Germany, UK, and USA identified five variant carriers among AD patients only. The mutation inhibits pro-protein cleavage and the formation of the active enzyme, thus leading to loss-of-function of ADAM17 alpha-secretase. Further, we identified a strong negative correlation between ADAM17 and APP gene expression in human brain and present in vitro evidence that ADAM17 negatively controls the expression of APP. As a consequence, p.R215I mutation of ADAM17 leads to elevated Aß formation in vitro. Together our data supports a causative association of the identified ADAM17 variant in the pathogenesis of AD.
Published: 2017

32. NeuroChip, an updated version of the NeuroX genotyping platform to rapidly screen for variants associated with neurological diseases

Author: Blauwendraat, C., Faghri, F., Pihlstrom, L., Geiger, J. T., Elbaz, A., Lesage, S., Corvol, J. -C., May, P., Nicolas, A., Abramzon, Y., Murphy, N. A., Gibbs, J. R., Ryten, M., Ferrari, R., Bras, J., Guerreiro, R., Williams, J., Sims, R., Lubbe, S., Hernandez, D. G., Mok, K. Y., Robak, L., Campbell, R. H., Rogaeva, E., Traynor, B. J., Chia, R., Chung, S. J., Hardy, J. A., Brice, A., Wood, N. W., Houlden, H., Shulman, J. M., Morris, H. R., Gasser, T., Kruger, R., Heutink, P., Sharma, M., Simon-Sanchez, J., Nalls, M. A., Singleton, A. B., Scholz, S. W., Noyce, A. J., Giri, A., Oehmig, A., Tucci, A., Schulte, C., Cookson, M. R., Kia, D., Danjou, F., Charlesworth, G., Plun-Favreau, H., Holmans, P., Jansen, I., Hardy, J., Bras, J. M., Quinn, J., Botia, J. A., Billingsley, K., R'Bibo, L., Lungu, C., Martinez, M., Escott-Price, V., Mencacci, N. E., Topley, Lewis, Denny, P., Rizzu, P., Taba, P., Lovering, R., Ogalla, R. D., Foulger, R., Finkbeiner, S., Sveinbjornsdottir, S., Scholz, S., Koks, S., Foltynie, T., Price, T. R., Sheerin, U. -M., Williams, N., Reed, X., Wang, L., Brockmann, K., Oertel, W., Klein, C., Mohamed, F., Malard, L., Corti, O., Drouet, V., Goldwurm, S., Tesei, S., Canesi, M., Valente, E. M., Petrucci, S., Ginevrino, M., Toft, M., Aasly, J., Henriksen, S. P., Saetehaug, C., Orr-Urtreger, A., Giladi, N., Ferreira, J., Guedes, L. C., Bouca-Machado, R., Coelho, M., Rosa, M. M., Tolosa, E., Fernandez-Santiago, R., Ezquerra, M., Marti, M. J., Glaab, E., Balling, R., and Chung, S. -J.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Aging, methods [Genome-Wide Association Study], 0302 clinical medicine, Corticobasal degeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, humans, risk, high-throughput screening assays, education.field_of_study, General Neuroscience, neurodegeneration, genetics [Genetic Variation], 3. Good health, Neurochip, alleles, methods [Genotyping Techniques], Frontotemporal dementia, Risk, Population, methods [High-Throughput Screening Assays], Computational biology, Genetic screening, genotyping, NeuroChip, NeuroX, apolipoproteins E, genetic variation, genome-wide association study, genotyping techniques, Article, Progressive supranuclear palsy, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, medicine, Humans, Dementia, ddc:610, education, Genotyping, Alleles, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, genetics [Neurodegenerative Diseases], genetics [Apolipoproteins E], Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Imputation (genetics), Developmental Biology
Abstract: Genetics has proven to be a powerful approach in neurodegenerative diseases research, resulting in the identification of numerous causal and risk variants. Previously, we introduced the NeuroX Illumina genotyping array, a fast and efficient genotyping platform designed for the investigation of genetic variation in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we present its updated version, named NeuroChip. The NeuroChip is a low-cost, custom-designed array containing a tagging variant backbone of about 306,670 variants complemented with a manually curated custom content comprised of 179,467 variants implicated in diverse neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and multiple system atrophy. The tagging backbone was chosen because of the low cost and good genome-wide resolution; the custom content can be combined with other backbones, like population or drug development arrays. Using the NeuroChip, we can accurately identify rare variants and impute over 5.3 million common SNPs from the latest release of the Haplotype Reference Consortium. In summary, we describe the design and usage of the NeuroChip array and show its capability for detecting rare pathogenic variants in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. The NeuroChip has a more comprehensive and improved content, which makes it a reliable, high-throughput, cost-effective screening tool for genetic research and molecular diagnostics in neurodegenerative diseases.
Published: 2017
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33. Rare variants analysis of cutaneous malignant melanoma genes in Parkinson’s disease

Author: Lubbe, SJ, Escott-Price, V, Brice, A, Gasser, T, Pittman, AM, Bras, J, Hardy, J, Heutink, P, Wood, NM, Singleton, AB, Grosset, DG, Carroll, CB, Law, MH, Demenais, F, Iles, MM, Bishop, DT, Newton-Bishop, J, Williams, NM, and Morris, HR
Abstract: A shared genetic susceptibility between cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and Parkinson's disease (PD) has been suggested. We investigated this by assessing the contribution of rare variants in genes involved in CMM to PD risk. We studied rare variation across 29 CMM risk genes using high-quality genotype data in 6875 PD cases and 6065 controls and sought to replicate findings using whole-exome sequencing data from a second independent cohort totaling 1255 PD cases and 473 controls. No statistically significant enrichment of rare variants across all genes, per gene, or for any individual variant was detected in either cohort. There were nonsignificant trends toward different carrier frequencies between PD cases and controls, under different inheritance models, in the following CMM risk genes: BAP1, DCC, ERBB4, KIT, MAPK2, MITF, PTEN, and TP53. The very rare TYR p.V275F variant, which is a pathogenic allele for recessive albinism, was more common in PD cases than controls in 3 independent cohorts. Tyrosinase, encoded by TYR, is the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of neuromelanin, and has a role in the production of dopamine. These results suggest a possible role for another gene in the dopamine-biosynthetic pathway in susceptibility to neurodegenerative Parkinsonism, but further studies in larger PD cohorts are needed to accurately determine the role of these genes/variants in disease pathogenesis.
Published: 2016

34. Rare variants analysis of cutaneous malignant melanoma genes in Parkinson's disease

Author: Lubbe, S. J., Escott-Price, V., Grosset, D. G., Carroll, C. B., Law, M. H., Demenais, F., Iles, M. M., Consortium, Melanoma Meta-Analysis, Bishop, D. T., Newton-Bishop, J., Williams, N. M., Morris, H. R., Brice, A., Consortium, International Parkinson's Disease Genomics, Gasser, T., Pittman, A. M., Bras, J., Hardy, J., Heutink, P., Wood, N. M., Singleton, A. B., Human genetics, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration
Subjects: Skin Neoplasms, Receptor, ErbB-4, Parkinson's, Dopamine, genetics [Receptor, ErbB-4], Cohort Studies, genetics [Membrane Glycoproteins], genetics [Parkinson Disease], Genetic Report Abstract, genetics [Genetic Predisposition to Disease], Melanoma, biosynthesis [Dopamine], Membrane Glycoproteins, Pigmentation, Monophenol Monooxygenase, Parkinson Disease, DCC Receptor, genetics [Genetic Variation], biosynthesis [Melanins], genetics [Receptors, Cell Surface], Tyrosinase, neuromelanin, Oxidoreductases, Cutaneous malignant melanoma, Ubiquitin Thiolesterase, Risk, Genotype, Neuroscience(all), Clinical Neurology, Receptors, Cell Surface, ERBB4 protein, human, genetics [Skin Neoplasms], genetics [Ubiquitin Thiolesterase], genetics [Tumor Suppressor Proteins], BAP1 protein, human, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ddc:610, Genetic Association Studies, Melanins, genetics [Oxidoreductases], Tumor Suppressor Proteins, DCC protein, human, Genetic Variation, genetics [Pigmentation], Ageing, Shared genetic background, genetics [Melanoma], RC0321, Geriatrics and Gerontology, TYRP1 protein, human, Developmental Biology
Abstract: A shared genetic susceptibility between cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and Parkinson's disease (PD) has been suggested. We investigated this by assessing the contribution of rare variants in genes involved in CMM to PD risk. We studied rare variation across 29 CMM risk genes using high-quality genotype data in 6875 PD cases and 6065 controls and sought to replicate findings using whole-exome sequencing data from a second independent cohort totaling 1255 PD cases and 473 controls. No statistically significant enrichment of rare variants across all genes, per gene, or for any individual variant was detected in either cohort. There were nonsignificant trends toward different carrier frequencies between PD cases and controls, under different inheritance models, in the following CMM risk genes: BAP1, DCC, ERBB4, KIT, MAPK2, MITF, PTEN, and TP53. The very rare TYR p.V275F variant, which is a pathogenic allele for recessive albinism, was more common in PD cases than controls in 3 independent cohorts. Tyrosinase, encoded by TYR, is the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of neuromelanin, and has a role in the production of dopamine. These results suggest a possible role for another gene in the dopamine-biosynthetic pathway in susceptibility to neurodegenerative Parkinsonism, but further studies in larger PD cohorts are needed to accurately determine the role of these genes/variants in disease pathogenesis.
Published: 2016
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35. Influence of coding variability in APP-Aß metabolism genes in sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Author: Sassi, C., Ridge, P., Nalls, M.A., Gibbs, R., Ding, J., Lupton, M.K., Troakes, C., Lunnon, K., Al-Sarraj, S., Brown, K.S., Medway, C., Lord, J., Morgan, Kevin, Turton, James, Powell, J.F., Kauwe, J.S., Cruchaga, C., Bras, J., Goate, A.M., Singleton, A., Guerreiro, Rita, and Hardy, J.
Subjects: Alzheimer’s disease, APP-Aß metabolism, exome sequencing, genome sequencing
Abstract: The cerebral deposition of Aß42, a neurotoxic proteolitic derivate of amyloid precursor protein (APP), is a central event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)(Amyloid hypothesis). Given the key role of APP-Aß metabolism in AD pathogenesis, we selected 29 genes involved in APP processing, Aß degradation and clearance. We then used exome and genome sequencing to investigate the single independent (single-variant association test) and cumulative (gene-based association test) effect of coding variants in these genes as potential susceptibility factors for AD, in a cohort composed of 435 sporadic and mainly late-onset AD cases and 801 elderly controls from North America and the UK. Our study shows that common coding variability in these genes does not play a major role for the disease development. In the single-variant association analysis, the main hits, which were nominally significant, were found to be very rare coding variants (MAF 0.3%-0.8%) that map to genes involved in APP processing (MEP1B), trafficking and recycling (SORL1), Aß extracellular degradation (ACE) and clearance (LRP1). Moreover, four genes (ECE1, LYZ, TTR and MME) have been found as nominally associated to AD using c-alpha and SKAT tests. We suggest that Aβ degradation and clearance, rather than Aβ production, may play a crucial role in the etiology of sporadic AD.
Published: 2016

36. ABCA7 p.G215S as potential protective factor for Alzheimer’s disease

Author: Sassi, C., Nalls, M.A., Ridge, P.G., Gibbs, R., Ding, J., Lupton, M.K., Troakes, C., Lunnon, K., Al-Sarraj, S., Brown, K.S., Medway, C., Clement, Naomi, Lord, J., Turton, James, Bras, J., Almeida, M.R., and ARUK, Consortium
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been effective approaches to dissect common genetic variability underlying complex diseases in a systematic and unbiased way. Recently, GWASs have led to the discovery of over 20 susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite the evidence showing the contribution of these loci to AD pathogenesis, their genetic architecture has not been extensively investigated, leaving the possibility that low frequency and rare coding variants may also occur and contribute to the risk of disease. We have used exome and genome sequencing data to analyse the single independent and joint effect of rare and low frequency protein coding variants in 9 AD GWAS loci with the strongest effect sizes after APOE (BIN1, CLU, CR1, PICALM, MS4A6A, ABCA7, EPHA1, CD33, CD2AP) in a cohort of 332 sporadic AD cases and 676 elderly controls of British and North American ancestry. We identified coding variability in ABCA7 as contributing to AD risk. This locus harbors a low frequency coding variant (p.G215S, rs72973581, MAF=4.3%) conferring a modest but statistically significant protection against AD (p-value= 6x10-4, OR=0.57, 95% CI 0.41-0.80). Notably, our results are not driven by an enrichment of loss of function variants in ABCA7, recently reported as main pathogenic factor underlying AD risk at this locus. In summary, our study confirms the role of ABCA7 in AD and provide new insights that should address functional studies.
Published: 2016

37. ABCA7 p.G215S as potential protective factor for Alzheimer’s disease

Author: Sassi, C., Nalls, M.A., Ridge, P.G., Gibbs, R., Ding, J., Lupton, M.K., Troakes, C., Lunnon, K., Al-Sarraj, S., Brown, K.S., Medway, C., Clement, N., Lord, J., Turton, J., Bras, J., Almeida, M.R., Passmore, Peter, Craig, David, Johnston, Janet, McGuinness, Bernadette, Todd, Stephen, Heun, Reinhard, Kölsch, Heike, Kehoe, Patrick G., Vardy, Emma R.L.C., Hooper, Nigel M., Mann, David M., Pickering-Brown, Stuart, Brown, Kristelle, Lowe, James, Morgan, Kevin, Smith, A. David, Wilcock, Gordon, Warden, Donald, Holmes, Clive, Holstege, H., Louwersheimer, E., van der Flier, W., Scheltens, P., Van Swieten, J.C., Santana, I., Oliveira, C., Morgan, K., Powell, J.F., Kauwe, J.S., Cruchaga, C., Goate, A.M., Singleton, A.B., Guerreiro, R., and Hardy, J.
Subjects: whole exome sequencing (WES), Alzheimer´s disease (AD), whole genome sequencing (WGS), protective variant, Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), ABCA7
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been effective approaches to dissect common genetic variability underlying complex diseases in a systematic and unbiased way. Recently, GWASs have led to the discovery of over 20 susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite the evidence showing the contribution of these loci to AD pathogenesis, their genetic architecture has not been extensively investigated, leaving the possibility that low frequency and rare coding variants may also occur and contribute to the risk of disease. We have used exome and genome sequencing data to analyse the single independent and joint effect of rare and low frequency protein coding variants in 9 AD GWAS loci with the strongest effect sizes after APOE (BIN1, CLU, CR1, PICALM, MS4A6A, ABCA7, EPHA1, CD33, CD2AP) in a cohort of 332 sporadic AD cases and 676 elderly controls of British and North American ancestry. We identified coding variability in ABCA7 as contributing to AD risk. This locus harbors a low frequency coding variant (p.G215S, rs72973581, MAF=4.3%) conferring a modest but statistically significant protection against AD (p-value= 6x10-4, OR= 0.57, 95% CI 0.41-0.80). Notably, our results are not driven by an enrichment of loss of function variants in ABCA7, recently reported as main pathogenic factor underlying AD risk at this locus. In summary, our study confirms the role of ABCA7 in AD and provide new insights that should address functional studies.
Published: 2016
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38. When law addresses the environment: A matter of principle or a deep-seated concern?

Author: Belhimer, Ammar, Bras, J. Ph., Dupret, Baudouin, Mouaqit, Mohammed, Université d'Alger 1, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre d'étude des mouvements sociaux (CEMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC)
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Les trois pays du Maghreb central ont, dans le fil de leurs mutations politiques et sociales récentes, adopté des constitutions et des législations prenant en compte des questions nouvelles et émergentes ou renforçant des questions déjà traitées mais sur un mode mineur. Au titre de ces questions, celle de l'environnement. Problème pressant à l'échelle mondiale et régionale, l'environnement est une thématique dont le droit s'empare pour différentes raisons, qui tiennent aux impératifs écologiques mais pas seulement. Des enjeux de symbole, de respectabilité, de pression internationale, de mode aussi parfois, tout simplement, ont amené les Etats maghrébins à réformer leurs textes constitutionnels et législatifs en investissant, à côté du multiculturalisme, des droits humains, de l'Etat de droit et de la régionalisation, le domaine de la protection de l'environnement et du patrimoine naturel. Notre chapitre se propose de retracer brièvement les réformes constitutionnelles et juridiques récentes, au Maroc, en Algérie et en Tunisie, pour situer la place qu'y occupe cette préoccupation, la nature des réponses apportées et leur faisabilité, ainsi que leur articulation aux enjeux spécifiques de la réforme du droit et par le droit, à sa portée et à ses limites.
Published: 2016

39. The clinical syndrome of dystonia with anarthria/aphonia

Author: Ganos, C. Crowe, B. Stamelou, M. Kresojević, N. Lukić, M.J. Bras, J. Guerreiro, R. Taiwo, F. Balint, B. Batla, A. Schneider, S.A. Erro, R. Svetel, M. Kostić, V. Kurian, M.A. Bhatia, K.P.
Abstract: Objectives: In dystonia the formulation of a clinical syndrome is paramount to refine the list of etiologies. We here describe the rare association of dystonia with anarthria/aphonia, by examining a large cohort of patients, to provide a narrow field of underlying conditions and a practical algorithmic approach to reach diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases, which were evaluated between 2005 and 2014, to identify those with dystonia combined with marked anarthria and/or aphonia. We reviewed demographic information, clinical characteristics, as well as clinico-genetic investigations. We evaluated video material where available. Results: From 860 cases with dystonia as the predominant motor feature, we identified 32 cases (3.7%) with anarthria/aphonia. Age at neurological symptom onset was variable, but the majority of cases (n = 20) developed symptoms within their first eight years of life. A conclusive diagnosis was reached in 27 cases. Monoamine neurotransmitter disorders, neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation syndromes, hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, and syndromes with inborn errors of metabolism were the most common diagnoses. Brain MRI was crucial for reaching a diagnosis by examining the structural integrity of the basal ganglia, the cerebral cortex, brain myelination and whether there was abnormal metal deposition. Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anarthria/aphonia included dystonia, corticobulbar involvement, apraxia and abnormalities of brain development. Conclusions: The spectrum of conditions that may present with the syndrome of dystonia with anarthria/aphonia is broad. Various causes may account for the profound speech disturbance. A practical brain MRI-based algorithm is provided to aid the diagnostic procedure. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2016

40. Exome sequencing in a consanguineous family clinically diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease identifies a homozygous CTSF mutation

Author: Bras, J, Djaldetti, R, Alves, AM, Mead, S, Darwent, L, Lleo, A, Molinuevo, JL, Blesa, R, Singleton, A, Hardy, J, Clarimon, J, and Guerreiro, R
Subjects: Exome sequencing, Early onset Alzheimer's disease, Kufs disease, Recessive, CTSF, Homozygosity
Abstract: We have previously reported the whole genome genotyping analysis of 2 consanguineous siblings clinically diagnosed with early onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this analysis, we identified several large regions of homozygosity shared between both affected siblings, which we suggested could be candidate loci for a recessive genetic lesion underlying the early onset AD in these cases. We have now performed exome sequencing in one of these siblings and identified the potential cause of disease: the CTSF c.1243G>A:p. Gly415Arg mutation in homozygosity. Biallelic mutations in this gene have been shown to cause Type B Kufs disease, an adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with some cases resembling the impairment seen in AD. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

41. Chloroquine-Resistant Malaria in Travelers Returning from Haiti after 2010 Earthquake

Author: Gharbi, M, Pillai, DR, Lau, R, Hubert, V, Khairnar, K, Existe, A, Kendjo, E, Dahlström, S, Guérin, PJ, Le Bras, J, and French National Reference Center for Imported Malaria Study
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, vector-borne infections, Drug Resistance, Protozoan Proteins, lcsh:Medicine, Drug resistance, chloroquine, Disasters, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, Chloroquine, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Malaria, Falciparum, Child, French National Reference Center for Imported Malaria Study, Travel, biology, Dispatch, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Infectious Diseases, 1117 Public Health And Health Services, Child, Preschool, travelers, Female, France, Malaria falciparum, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Canada, Adolescent, Genotype, Plasmodium falciparum, malaria, parasites, Microbiology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Antimalarials, Young Adult, parasitic diseases, medicine, Earthquakes, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Chloroquine resistance, Aged, business.industry, lcsh:R, Infant, Membrane Transport Proteins, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Haiti, business, Malaria
Abstract: We investigated chloroquine sensitivity to Plasmodium falciparum in travelers returning to France and Canada from Haiti during a 23-year period. Two of 19 isolates obtained after the 2010 earthquake showed mixed pfcrt 76K+T genotype and high 50% inhibitory concentration. Physicians treating malaria acquired in Haiti should be aware of possible chloroquine resistance.
Published: 2012

42. Adapting cities to climate Change : a systemic modelling approach

Author: Viguie, Vincent, Marchadier, Colette, Adolphe, L, Bonhomme, Marion, Bretagne, Geneviève, De Munck, Cécile, Hallegatte, Stéphane, Hidalgo, Julia, Houet, Thomas, Le Bras, J, Lemonsu, Aude, Long, Nathalie, Masson, Valéry, Moine, Marie-Pierre, Nolorgues, Laurence, Pigeon, Grégoire, Salagnac, Jean-Luc, Zibouche, Kamel, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche en architecture (LRA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Modèles et simulation pour l'architecture, l'urbanisme et le paysage (MAP), EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Urban Planning Agency, Toulouse, France, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CERFACS [Toulouse], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Aménagement et d'Urbanisme de la Région d'Ile-de-France (IAU Île-de-France), Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), ANR -Villes et bâtiments durables Ed. 2013, CNRM - Météo France, ANR-13-VBDU-0004,MApUCE,Modélisation Appliquée et droit de l'Urbanisme : Climat urbain et Énergie(2013), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-EC ARCHIT NANCY-EC ARCHIT TOULOUSE-EC ARCHIT MARSEILLE-EC ARCHIT LYON-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS)
Subjects: modelling, urban change, urban climate, adaptation, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; To answer the climate change challenge, all states have to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, but also to adopt adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. The question arises especially for cities.Because of complex interactions between climate change, the evolution of cities and its inhabitants, studying adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach: urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, social sciences.Our four-step methodology consists firstly of defining interdisciplinary scenarios at several scales influencing the city evolution; secondly of simulating long term city evolution based on socio-economic and land-use models; thirdly of calculating impacts with physical models, and finally of calculating the indicators quantifying the adaptation strategies.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling performs well to evaluate several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics. Some of the results obtained for the agglomeration of Paris through our interdisciplinary research projects VURCA and MUSCADE will be discussed:A finding is that Urban planning strategies may have unexpected influence on city expansion when considered on the very long term of the climate change. Another is that the combine effect of global warming and UHI can lead in the future to larger energy consumption in summer than in winter.Indeed, air-conditioning will probably be necessary in 2100, because of expected stronger, and longer, heat waves. Limiting the UHI intensity allows for energy savings, and hence contributes to climate change mitigation. Adaptation strategies exist to limit air-conditioning use, both in time and intensity.Analysis of several vegetation strategies, at several spatial and planning scales (from agricultural practices in the city surroundings to urban trees and green-roofs) have been performed and evaluated. Architectural choices also allow to reduce the UHI. Finally, inhabitants' use and practices seem to be an efficient lever to reduce energy consumption in buildings and its impact on the urban climate.
Published: 2015
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43. In gesprek over wat ons heilig is. Bij wijze van voorwoord

Author: Nissen, P.J.A., Bras, J., and Bras, J.
Subjects: Onderzoeksprogramma Religiewetenschappen, Research Program in Religious Studies, Trajectories of Religiosity
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext
Published: 2012

44. Assessment of Parkinson's disease risk loci in Greece

Author: Kara, E. Xiromerisiou, G. Spanaki, C. Bozi, M. Koutsis, G. Panas, M. Dardiotis, E. Ralli, S. Bras, J. Letson, C. Edsall, C. Pliner, H. Arepalli, S. Kalinderi, K. Fidani, L. Bostantjopoulou, S. Keller, M.F. Wood, N.W. Hardy, J. Houlden, H. Stefanis, L. Plaitakis, A. Hernandez, D. Hadjigeorgiou, G.M. Nalls, M.A. Singleton, A.B.
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been shown to be a powerful approach to identify risk loci for neurodegenerative diseases. Recent GWAS in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been successful in identifying numerous risk variants pointing to novel pathways potentially implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Contributing to these GWAS efforts, we performed genotyping of previously identified risk alleles in PD patients and control subjects from Greece. We showed that previously published risk profiles for Northern European and American populations are also applicable to the Greek population. In addition, although our study was largely underpowered to detect individual associations, we replicated 5 of 32 previously published risk variants with nominal p values
Published: 2014

45. Genetic analysis implicates APOE, SNCA and suggests lysosomal dysfunction in the etiology of dementia with Lewy bodies

Author: Bras, J, Guerreiro, R, Darwent, L, Parkkinen, L, Ansorge, O, Escott-Price, V, Hernandez, DG, Nalls, MA, Clark, LN, Honig, LS, Marder, K, Van Der Flier, WM, Lemstra, A, Scheltens, P, Rogaeva, E, St George-Hyslop, P, Londos, E, Zetterberg, H, Ortega-Cubero, S, Pastor, P, Ferman, TJ, Graff-Radford, NR, Ross, OA, Barber, I, Braae, A, Brown, K, Morgan, K, Maetzler, W, Berg, D, Troakes, C, Al-Sarraj, S, Lashley, T, Compta, Y, Revesz, T, Lees, A, Cairns, N, Halliday, GM, Mann, D, Pickering-Brown, S, Dickson, DW, Singleton, A, Hardy, J, Neurology, and NCA - neurodegeneration
Subjects: Lewy Body Disease, Male, SCARB2 protein, human, genetics [Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins], genetics [Receptors, Scavenger], etiology [Alzheimer Disease], genetics [Alzheimer Disease], Cohort Studies, pathology [Alzheimer Disease], Apolipoproteins E, genetics [Lewy Body Disease], Alzheimer Disease, genetics [Parkinson Disease], Risk Factors, ddc:570, mental disorders, Humans, SNCA protein, human, Genetic Association Studies, Receptors, Scavenger, pathology [Lewy Body Disease], Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins, Parkinson Disease, Articles, pathology [Parkinson Disease], nervous system diseases, Genetic Loci, Case-Control Studies, genetics [alpha-Synuclein], alpha-Synuclein, genetics [Apolipoproteins E], etiology [Parkinson Disease], Female, Lysosomes, Medical Genetics, etiology [Lewy Body Disease], pathology [Lysosomes]
Abstract: Clinical and neuropathological similarities between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases (PD and AD, respectively) suggest that these disorders may share etiology. To test this hypothesis, we have performed an association study of 54 genomic regions, previously implicated in PD or AD, in a large cohort of DLB cases and controls. The cohort comprised 788 DLB cases and 2624 controls. To minimize the issue of potential misdiagnosis, we have also performed the analysis including only neuropathologically proven DLB cases (667 cases). The results show that the APOE is a strong genetic risk factor for DLB, confirming previous findings, and that the SNCA and SCARB2 loci are also associated after a study-wise Bonferroni correction, although these have a different association profile than the associations reported for the same loci in PD. We have previously shown that the p.N370S variant in GBA is associated with DLB, which, together with the findings at the SCARB2 locus, suggests a role for lysosomal dysfunction in this disease. These results indicate that DLB has a unique genetic risk profile when compared with the two most common neurodegenerative diseases and that the lysosome may play an important role in the etiology of this disorder. We make all these data available.
Published: 2014
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46. Parkinson's disease in GTP cyclohydrolase 1 mutation carriers

Author: Mencacci, N.E. Isaias, I.U. Reich, M.M. Ganos, C. Plagnol, V. Polke, J.M. Bras, J. Hersheson, J. Stamelou, M. Pittman, A.M. Noyce, A.J. Mok, K.Y. Opladen, T. Kunstmann, E. Hodecker, S. Münchau, A. Volkmann, J. Samnick, S. Sidle, K. Nanji, T. Sweeney, M.G. Houlden, H. Batla, A. Zecchinelli, A.L. Pezzoli, G. Marotta, G. Lees, A. Alegria, P. Krack, P. Cormier-Dequaire, F. Lesage, S. Brice, A. Heutink, P. Gasser, T. Lubbe, S.J. Morris, H.R. Taba, P. Koks, S. Majounie, E. Gibbs, J.R. Singleton, A. Hardy, J. Klebe, S. Bhatia, K.P. Wood, N.W.
Subjects: nervous system diseases
Abstract: GTP cyclohydrolase 1, encoded by the GCH1 gene, is an essential enzyme for dopamine production in nigrostriatal cells. Lossof- function mutations in GCH1 result in severe reduction of dopamine synthesis in nigrostriatal cells and are the most common cause of DOPA-responsive dystonia, a rare disease that classically presents in childhood with generalized dystonia and a dramatic long-lasting response to levodopa. We describe clinical, genetic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic imaging ([123I]N-ω- fluoropropyl-2b-carbomethoxy-3b-(4-iodophenyl) tropane single photon computed tomography) findings of four unrelated pedigrees with DOPA-responsive dystonia in which pathogenic GCH1 variants were identified in family members with adult-onset parkinsonism. Dopamine transporter imaging was abnormal in all parkinsonian patients, indicating Parkinson's disease-like nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation. We subsequently explored the possibility that pathogenic GCH1 variants could contribute to the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, even in the absence of a family history for DOPA-responsive dystonia. The frequency of GCH1 variants was evaluated in whole-exome sequencing data of 1318 cases with Parkinson's disease and 5935 control subjects. Combining cases and controls, we identified a total of 11 different heterozygous GCH1 variants, all at low frequency. This list includes four pathogenic variants previously associated with DOPA-responsive dystonia (Q110X, V204I, K224R and M230I) and seven of undetermined clinical relevance (Q110E, T112A, A120S, D134G, I154V, R198Q and G217V). The frequency of GCH1 variants was significantly higher (Fisher's exact test P-value 0.0001) in cases (10/1318 = 0.75%) than in controls (6/5935 = 0.1%; odds ratio 7.5; 95% confidence interval 2.4-25.3). Our results show that rare GCH1 variants are associated with an increased risk for Parkinson's disease. These findings expand the clinical and biological relevance of GTP cycloydrolase 1 deficiency, suggesting that it not only leads to biochemical striatal dopamine depletion and DOPA-responsive dystonia, but also predisposes to nigrostriatal cell loss. Further insight into GCH1-associated pathogenetic mechanisms will shed light on the role of dopamine metabolism in nigral degeneration and Parkinson's disease. © The Author (2014).
Published: 2014

47. Large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide association data identifies six new risk loci for Parkinson's disease

Author: Nalls, M.A. Pankratz, N. Lill, C.M. Do, C.B. Hernandez, D.G. Saad, M. Destefano, A.L. Kara, E. Bras, J. Sharma, M. Schulte, C. Keller, M.F. Arepalli, S. Letson, C. Edsall, C. Stefansson, H. Liu, X. Pliner, H. Lee, J.H. Cheng, R. Ikram, M.A. Ioannidis, J.P.A. Hadjigeorgiou, G.M. Bis, J.C. Martinez, M. Perlmutter, J.S. Goate, A. Marder, K. Fiske, B. Sutherland, M. Xiromerisiou, G. Myers, R.H. Clark, L.N. Stefansson, K. Hardy, J.A. Heutink, P. Chen, H. Wood, N.W. Houlden, H. Payami, H. Brice, A. Scott, W.K. Gasser, T. Bertram, L. Eriksson, N. Foroud, T. Singleton, A.B. Plagnol, V. Sheerin, U.-M. Simón-Sánchez, J. Lesage, S. Sveinbjörnsdóttir, S. Barker, R. Ben-Shlomo, Y. Berendse, H.W. Berg, D. Bhatia, K. de Bie, R.M.A. Biffi, A. Bloem, B. Bochdanovits, Z. Bonin, M. Bras, J.M. Brockmann, K. Brooks, J. Burn, D.J. Charlesworth, G. Chinnery, P.F. Chong, S. Clarke, C.E. Cookson, M.R. Cooper, J.M. Corvol, J.C. Counsell, C. Damier, P. Dartigues, J.-F. Deloukas, P. Deuschl, G. Dexter, D.T. van Dijk, K.D. Dillman, A. Durif, F. Dürr, A. Edkins, S. Evans, J.R. Foltynie, T. Dong, J. Gardner, M. Gibbs, J.R. Gray, E. Guerreiro, R. Harris, C. van Hilten, J.J. Hofman, A. Hollenbeck, A. Holton, J. Hu, M. Huang, X. Wurster, I. Mätzler, W. Hudson, G. Hunt, S.E. Huttenlocher, J. Illig, T. Jónsson, P.V. Lambert, J.-C. Langford, C. Lees, A. Lichtner, P. Limousin, P. Lopez, G. Lorenz, D. McNeill, A. Moorby, C. Moore, M. Morris, H.R. Morrison, K.E. Mudanohwo, E. O’sullivan, S.S. Pearson, J. Pétursson, H. Pollak, P. Post, B. Potter, S. Ravina, B. Revesz, T. Riess, O. Rivadeneira, F. Rizzu, P. Ryten, M. Sawcer, S. Schapira, A. Scheffer, H. Shaw, K. Shoulson, I. Sidransky, E. Smith, C. Spencer, C.C.A. Stefánsson, H. Bettella, F. Stockton, J.D. Strange, A. Talbot, K. Tanner, C.M. Tashakkori-Ghanbaria, A. Tison, F. Trabzuni, D. Traynor, B.J. Uitterlinden, A.G. Velseboer, D. Vidailhet, M. Walker, R. van de Warrenburg, B. Wickremaratchi, M. Williams, N. Williams-Gray, C.H. Winder-Rhodes, S. Stefánsson, K. Hardy, J. Factor, S. Higgins, D. Evans, S. Shill, H. Stacy, M. Danielson, J. Marlor, L. Williamson, K. Jankovic, J. Hunter, C. Simon, D. Ryan, P. Scollins, L. Saunders-Pullman, R. Boyar, K. Costan-Toth, C. Ohmann, E. Sudarsky, L. Joubert, C. Friedman, J. Chou, K. Fernandez, H. Lannon, M. Galvez-Jimenez, N. Podichetty, A. Thompson, K. Lewitt, P. Deangelis, M. O'brien, C. Seeberger, L. Dingmann, C. Judd, D. Marder, K. Fraser, J. Harris, J. Bertoni, J. Peterson, C. Rezak, M. Medalle, G. Chouinard, S. Panisset, M. Hall, J. Poiffaut, H. Calabrese, V. Roberge, P. Wojcieszek, J. Belden, J. Jennings, D. Marek, K. Mendick, S. Reich, S. Dunlop, B. Jog, M. Horn, C. Uitti, R. Turk, M. Ajax, T. Mannetter, J. Sethi, K. Carpenter, J. Dill, B. Hatch, L. Ligon, K. Narayan, S. Blindauer, K. Abou-Samra, K. Petit, J. Elmer, L. Aiken, E. Davis, K. Schell, C. Wilson, S. Velickovic, M. Koller, W. Phipps, S. Feigin, A. Gordon, M. Hamann, J. Licari, E. Marotta-Kollarus, M. Shannon, B. Winnick, R. Simuni, T. Videnovic, A. Kaczmarek, A. Williams, K. Wolff, M. Rao, J. Cook, M. Fernandez, M. Kostyk, S. Hubble, J. Campbell, A. Reider, C. Seward, A. Camicioli, R. Carter, J. Nutt, J. Andrews, P. Morehouse, S. Stone, C. Mendis, T. Grimes, D. Alcorn-Costa, C. Gray, P. Haas, K. Vendette, J. Sutton, J. Hutchinson, B. Young, J. Rajput, A. Klassen, L. Shirley, T. Manyam, B. Simpson, P. Whetteckey, J. Wulbrecht, B. Truong, D. Pathak, M. Frei, K. Luong, N. Tra, T. Tran, A. Vo, J. Lang, A. Kleiner-Fisman, G. Nieves, A. Johnston, L. So, J. Podskalny, G. Giffin, L. Atchison, P. Allen, C. Martin, W. Wieler, M. Suchowersky, O. Furtado, S. Klimek, M. Hermanowicz, N. Niswonger, S. Shults, C. Fontaine, D. Aminoff, M. Christine, C. Diminno, M. Hevezi, J. Dalvi, A. Kang, U. Richman, J. Uy, S. Sahay, A. Gartner, M. Schwieterman, D. Hall, D. Leehey, M. Culver, S. Derian, T. Demarcaida, T. Thurlow, S. Rodnitzky, R. Dobson, J. Lyons, K. Pahwa, R. Gales, T. Thomas, S. Shulman, L. Weiner, W. Dustin, K. Singer, C. Zelaya, L. Tuite, P. Hagen, V. Rolandelli, S. Schacherer, R. Kosowicz, J. Gordon, P. Werner, J. Serrano, C. Roque, S. Kurlan, R. Berry, D. Gardiner, I. Hauser, R. Sanchez-Ramos, J. Zesiewicz, T. Delgado, H. Price, K. Rodriguez, P. Wolfrath, S. Pfeiffer, R. Davis, L. Pfeiffer, B. Dewey, R. Hayward, B. Johnson, A. Meacham, M. Estes, B. Walker, F. Hunt, V. O'neill, C. Racette, B. Swisher, L. Dijamco, C. Conley, E.D. Dorfman, E. Tung, J.Y. Hinds, D.A. Mountain, J.L. Wojcicki, A. Lew, M. Klein, C. Golbe, L. Growdon, J. Wooten, G.F. Watts, R. Guttman, M. Goldwurm, S. Saint-Hilaire, M.H. Baker, K. Litvan, I. Nicholson, G. Nance, M. Drasby, E. Isaacson, S. Burn, D. Pramstaller, P. Al-Hinti, J. Moller, A. Sherman, S. Roxburgh, R. Slevin, J. Perlmutter, J. Mark, M.H. Huggins, N. Pezzoli, G. Massood, T. Itin, I. Corbett, A. Chinnery, P. Ostergaard, K. Snow, B. Cambi, F. Kay, D. Samii, A. Agarwal, P. Roberts, J.W. Higgins, D.S. Molho, E. Rosen, A. Montimurro, J. Martinez, E. Griffith, A. Kusel, V. Yearout, D. Factor, S. Zabetian, C. Clark, L.N. Liu, X. Lee, J.H. Cheng Taub, R. Louis, E.D. Cote, L.J. Waters, C. Ford, B. Fahn, S. Vance, J.M. Beecham, G.W. Martin, E.R. Nuytemans, K. Pericak-Vance, M.A. Haines, J.L. Destefano, A. Seshadri, S. Choi, S.H. Frank, S. Bis, J.C. Psaty, B.M. Rice, K. Longstreth, W.T., Jr. Ton, T.G.N. Jain, S. van Duijn, C.M. Uitterlinden, A.G. Verlinden, V.J. Koudstaal, P.J. Singleton, A. Cookson, M. Gibbs, J.R. Hernandez, D. Nalls, M. Zonderman, A. Ferrucci, L. Johnson, R. Longo, D. O'brien, R. Traynor, B. Troncoso, J. van der Brug, M. Zielke, R. Weale, M. Ramasamy, A. Dardiotis, E. Tsimourtou, V. Spanaki, C. Plaitakis, A. Bozi, M. Stefanis, L. Vassilatis, D. Koutsis, G. Panas, M. Hadjigeorgiou, G.M. Lunnon, K. Lupton, M. Powell, J. Parkkinen, L. Ansorge, O. International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) Parkinson's Study Group (PSG) Parkinson's Research: The Organized GENetics Initiative (PROGENI) 23andMe GenePD NeuroGenetics Research Consortium (NGRC) Hussman Institute of Human Genomics (HIHG) The Ashkenazi Jewish Dataset Investigator Cohorts for Health Aging Research in Genetic Epidemiology (CHARGE) North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC) United Kingdom Brain Expression Consortium (UKBEC) Greek Parkinson's Disease Consortium Alzheimer Genetic Analysis Group
Abstract: We conducted a meta-analysis of Parkinson's disease genome-wide association studies using a common set of 7,893,274 variants across 13,708 cases and 95,282 controls. Twenty-six loci were identified as having genome-wide significant association; these and 6 additional previously reported loci were then tested in an independent set of 5,353 cases and 5,551 controls. Of the 32 tested SNPs, 24 replicated, including 6 newly identified loci. Conditional analyses within loci showed that four loci, including GBA, GAK-DGKQ, SNCA and the HLA region, contain a secondary independent risk variant. In total, we identified and replicated 28 independent risk variants for Parkinson's disease across 24 loci. Although the effect of each individual locus was small, risk profile analysis showed substantial cumulative risk in a comparison of the highest and lowest quintiles of genetic risk (odds ratio (OR) = 3.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.55-4.30; P = 2 × 10-16). We also show six risk loci associated with proximal gene expression or DNA methylation. © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2014

48. Surveillance of travellers: an additional tool for tracking antimalarial drug resistance in endemic countries

Author: Gharbi, M., Jennifer Flegg, Pradines, B., Berenger, A., Ndiaye, M., Djimdé, A. A., Roper, C., Hubert, V., Kendjo, E., Venkatesan, M., Brasseur, P., Gaye, O., Offianan, A. T., Penali, L., Le Bras, J., Guérin, P. J., and Members of the French National Reference Center for Imported Malaria Study
Subjects: Male, Drug Resistance, Protozoan Proteins, Drug resistance, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Chloroquine, Artemisinin, Malaria, Falciparum, Child, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, biology, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Senegal, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Medicine, Female, Members of the French National Reference Center for Imported Malaria Study, medicine.drug, Research Article, Adult, Genetic Markers, Adolescent, General Science & Technology, Science, Plasmodium falciparum, Antimalarials, Young Adult, Antibiotic resistance, Environmental health, MD Multidisciplinary, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Aged, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Membrane Transport Proteins, DNA, Protozoan, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, Pyrimethamine, Immunology, Malaria
Abstract: IntroductionThere are growing concerns about the emergence of resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Since the widespread adoption of ACTs, there has been a decrease in the systematic surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance in many malaria-endemic countries. The aim of this work was to test whether data on travellers returning from Africa with malaria could serve as an additional surveillance system of local information sources for the emergence of drug resistance in endemic-countries.MethodologyData were collected from travellers with symptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria returning from Senegal (n = 1,993), Mali (n = 2,372), Cote d'Ivoire (n = 4,778) or Cameroon (n = 3,272) and recorded in the French Malaria Reference Centre during the period 1996-2011. Temporal trends of the proportion of parasite isolates that carried the mutant genotype, pfcrt 76T, a marker of resistance to chloroquine (CQ) and pfdhfr 108N, a marker of resistance to pyrimethamine, were compared for travellers and within-country surveys that were identified through a literature review in PubMed. The in vitro response to CQ was also compared between these two groups for parasites from Senegal.ResultsThe trends in the proportion of parasites that carried pfcrt 76T, and pfdhfr 108N, were compared for parasites from travellers and patients within-country using the slopes of the curves over time; no significant differences in the trends were found for any of the 4 countries. These results were supported by in vitro analysis of parasites from the field in Senegal and travellers returning to France, where the trends were also not significantly different.ConclusionThe results have not shown different trends in resistance between parasites derived from travellers or from parasites within-country. This work highlights the value of an international database of drug responses in travellers as an additional tool to assess the emergence of drug resistance in endemic areas where information is limited.
Published: 2013

49. Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in COMT, MAO-A and BDNF Genes on Dyskinesias and Levodopa Use in Parkinson’s Disease

Author: Cheshire, P., Bertram, K., Ling, H., O’Sullivan, S.S., Halliday, G., McLean, C., Bras, J., Foltynie, T., Storey, E., and Williams, D.R.
Subjects: Male, Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced, Time Factors, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, Catechol O-Methyltransferase, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Antiparkinson Agents, Cohort Studies, Levodopa, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Monoamine Oxidase, Aged
Abstract: Clinical heterogeneity in the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) suggests endogenous factors play a significant role in determining their overall prevalence.We hypothesised that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in specific genes may result in a clinical phenotype conducive to an increased risk of LID.We examined the influence of SNPs in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes on LID in a cohort of 285 pathologically confirmed Parkinson's disease patients, using data from their complete disease course.Dyskinetic patients demonstrated younger age at disease onset (60.3 vs. 66.4 years, p0.0001), a longer disease duration (17.0 vs. 12.0 years, p0.0001) and a higher maximum daily levodopa equivalent dose (LED; 926.7 vs. 617.1 mg/day, p0.0001) than patients without dyskinesias. No individual SNP was found to influence prevalence or time to onset of dyskinesias, including after adjustment for known risk factors. We observed that patients carrying alleles conferring both high COMT activity and increased MAO-A mRNA expression received significantly higher maximum and mean daily LEDs than those with low enzyme activity/mRNA expression (max LED: 835 ± 445 vs. 508 ± 316 mg; p = 0.0056, mean LED: 601 ± 335 vs. 398 ± 260 mg; p = 0.025).Individual SNPs in BDNF, COMT and MAO-A genes did not influence prevalence or time to onset of dyskinesias in this cohort. The possibility that combined COMT and MAO-A genotype is a significant factor in determining an individual's lifetime levodopa exposure warrants further investigation.
Published: 2013

50. TREM2 variants in Alzheimer's disease

Author: Guerreiro, R, Wojtas, A, Bras, J, Carrasquillo, M, Rogaeva, E, Majounie, E, Cruchaga, C, Sassi, C, Kauwe, Js, Lupton, Mk, Ryten, M, Brown, K, Lowe, J, Ridge, Pg, Hammer, Mb, Wakutani, Y, Hazrati, L, Proitsi, P, Newhouse, S, Lohmann, E, Erginel Unaltuna, N, Medway, C, Hanagasi, H, Troakes, C, Gurvit, H, Bilgic, B, Al Sarraj, S, Benitez, B, Cooper, B, Carrell, D, Emre, M, Zou, F, Ma, L, Murray, M, Dickson, D, Younkin, S, Petersen, Rc, Corcoran, Cd, Cai, Y, Oliveira, C, Ribeiro, Mh, Santana, I, Tschanz, Jt, Gibbs, J, Norton, Mc, Kloszewska, I, Mecocci, Patrizia, Soininen, H, Tsolaki, M, Vellas, B, Munger, Rg, Mann, Dm, Pickering Brown, S, Lovestone, S, Beck, J, Mead, S, Collinge, J, Parsons, L, Pocock, J, Morris, Jc, Revesz, T, Lashley, T, Fox, Nc, Rossor, Mn, Grenier Boley, B, Bellenguez, C, Moskvina, V, Sims, R, Harold, D, Williams, J, Lambert, Jc, Amouyel, P, Graff Radford, N, Goate, A, Rademakers, R, Morgan, K, Powell, J, St George Hyslop, P, Singleton, A, Hardy, J, Gerrish, A, Chapman, J, Abraham, R, Hollingworth, P, Hamshere, M, Pahwa, Js, Dowzell, K, Williams, A, Jones, N, Thomas, C, Stretton, A, Morgan, A, Williams, K, Thomas, S, Brayne, C, Rubinsztein, Dc, Gill, M, Lawlor, B, Lynch, A, Passmore, P, Craig, D, Mcguinness, B, Johnston, Ja, Todd, S, Holmes, C, Smith, A, Love, S, Kehoe, Pg, Maier, W, Jessen, F, Heun, R, Kölsch, H, Schürmann, B, Ramirez, A, van den Bussche, H, Heuser, I, Kornhuber, J, Wiltfang, J, Dichgans, M, Frölich, L, Hampel, H, Hüll, M, Rujescu, D, Nowotny, P, Mayo, K, Livingston, G, Bass, Nj, Gurling, H, Mcquillin, A, Gwilliam, R, Deloukas, P, Nöthen, Mm, Holmans, P, O'Donovan, M, Owen, Mj, Zelenika, D, Epelbaum, J, Dartigues, Jf, Tzourio, C, Berr, C, Boland, A, Campion, D, Alpérovitch, A, Lathrop, M, Smith, C, Trabzuni, D, Walker, R, Weale, M., Wiltfang, J. (Beitragende*r), EADI Consortium, GERAD Consortium, UKBE Consortium, and Alzheimer Genetic Anal Grp
Subjects: Genetics, TREM2, SORL1, Medizin, Genome-wide association study, General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease, PSEN2, medicine, Dementia, Human medicine, Alzheimer's disease, Exome, Common disease-common variant
Abstract: BACKGROUND Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in TREM2, encoding the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 protein, have previously been associated with an autosomal recessive form of early-onset dementia. METHODS We used genome, exome, and Sanger sequencing to analyze the genetic variability in TREM2 in a series of 1092 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 1107 controls (the discovery set). We then performed a meta-analysis on imputed data for the TREM2 variant rs75932628 (predicted to cause a R47H substitution) from three genomewide association studies of Alzheimer's disease and tested for the association of the variant with disease. We genotyped the R47H variant in an additional 1887 cases and 4061 controls. We then assayed the expression of TREM2 across different regions of the human brain and identified genes that are differentially expressed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and in control mice. RESULTS We found significantly more variants in exon 2 of TREM2 in patients with Alzheimer's disease than in controls in the discovery set (P = 0.02). There were 22 variant alleles in 1092 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 5 variant alleles in 1107 controls (P
Published: 2013

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