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Park and Ride (P and R) schemes have many potential benefits, yet there is evidence that they can lead to an overall increase in private car use as a result of traffic redistribution, additional trip generation, and abstraction of users from the public transport system. This paper reports on research into the recently established Adelaide Entertainment Centre P and R facility situated on the fringe of Adelaide's CBD. The research was conducted a few months after the opening of the P and R facility to capture the travel behaviour changes facilitated by the scheme. The results show little evidence of additional trip generation and a moderate level of car interception: 29.8% of users had previously driven into the CBD but now use a car-mass transit combination. What is disturbing though is the number of people who have shifted away from using public transport for their entire journey to using a car-mass transit combination: 82.3% of respondents who previously used mass transit for their entire journey now travel part of the way by car. The results of a single study need to be treated with caution; however, they do highlight the importance of carefully considering the location of P and R stations and the implications of the changes they enable. This research also highlights the need for more independent research into Australian P and R schemes in order to more clearly understand the specific dynamics of these facilities, and whether this compares with international findings. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Environmental analysis consistently shows transport as being amongst the top three contributors to a university's ecological footprint. This paper reports on a study undertaken at the Mawson Lakes Campus of the University of South Australia into cycling as a sustainable transport option. First, the paper analyzes the campus as a text: an artifact which addresses a particular audience and is actively read and interpreted by those who travel through it. In reading the campus, we go beyond examining levels of cycling infrastructure provision to consider the way infrastructure provision constitutes and positions different travelers as (ab)normal. Second, the paper looks at different groups of cyclists on campus, why some commuted to university and others did not and the experiences of each of these groups. It is found that cyclists are largely written out of the Mawson Lakes text which challenges their legitimacy as travelers and as users of campus space. The research also found substantial differences between groups of commuter and non-commuter cyclists and this division fell along staff and student lines. We conclude by suggesting ways that this and other universities might legitimize cyclists and facilitate cycling as a mode of travel.

2004