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Agapetus meridionalis Etnier, Parker, and Baxter new species Fig. 19a, 19b, 19c. Map 19 Type material. Holotype, male MMT, length 5.0 mm, EX UT 1.453. spring run at Everett Springs Road 0.6 rd mi n of entrance to Boy Scouts of America Camp Sidney Dew, 34.5365 o N, 85.1076 o W, Floyd Co., GA, 6 April 1999, emerged 19 April, D. A. Etnier. (NMNH) Allotype, female MMT. Taken with holotype, emerged 19 April 1999. (NMNH) Paratopotypes, all EX UT 1.453. CUAC, male pupa emerged 14 April, MMT female pupa emerged 17 April, 1 prepupa; INHS, MMT male pupa emerged 17 April, female emerged 17 April, 1 prepupa; ROME, MMT male pupa emerged 12 April, female emerged 17 April, 1 prepupa; SCHC, male pupa emerged 14 April, 1 larva; UMSP, male pupa emerged 6 April, 1 larva; UT 1.453, male emerged 14 April, female MMT pupa emerged 1 May, 4 larvae, 1 prepupa. Diagnosis. Shares with A. crasmus, A. diacanthus, A. gelbae, A. tomus, and A. vireo the heavily sclerotized ventral and posterior portions of segment X. Differs from all of these except A. vireo in having the preanal appendage nearly circular in lateral view, with length 1.5 times depth (versus digitiform, with length 2 or more times depth), and in having the inferior appendages ovoid (versus rhomboid in A. crasmus and A. diacanthus, with posteriodorsal projection in A. gelbae, and with concave or truncate tip in A. tomus). Posterioventral aspect of X is produced to form a denticle that angles down and back and has a very acute tip in A. meridionalis; (posterioventral area of X is rounded and extends dorsad in A. crasmus, is bluntly pointed and extends posteriodorsad in A. diacanthus and A. gelbae, has a rounded ventral lobe in A. tomus, and forms a right angle in A. vireo). Most similar to A. vireo (see Discussion), differing in having the posterior margin of X sloping down and back at 30 o from vertical, extending below ventral margin of X, and extending past inferior appendage; in A. vireo posterior margin of X is vertical, with its posterioventral angle not produced, not extending below the ventral margin of X, and not extending to end of inferior appendage. In addition, there are only 3 (occasionally 4) denticles on the inferior appendage in A. meridionalis (see description), while in A. vireo there is an arc of 5-10 or more denticles occupying the same area as occupied by the individual denticles in A. meridionalis. Description. Male. Length 4.9-5.1 mm (n = 3). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 19a), segment IX with anterior margin thickened, straight to concave, angling down and forward at 60 o to midline, then straight to convex, angling down and back at 75 o to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin straight, slightly longer than preanal appendage, 3/4 length of ventral margin; posterior margin convex, vertical. Preanal appendage with ventral margin slightly convex to slightly concave, dorsal margin convex, tip rounded or with ventral corner bluntly pointed, length 1.5 times depth, extending 1/3 distance to end of X, with 6-8 long setae dorsally. Sides of X sclerotized throughout, more heavily so along ventral and posterior margins; dorsal base of X slightly up-sloped. Posterior margin of X projected down and back at 30 o from vertical, its dorsal continuation a sharp, protruding, vertical denticle; posterioventrally, X is produced down and back below the ventral margin of X, its sharply pointed tip extending past tip of inferior appendage. Membranous area between lateral plates of X protruding slightly above its concave dorsal margin. Inferior appendages ovoid, length = 2.2 times depth, posteriodorsal portion extending farther rearward than posterioventral portion, tip rounded, ventral and dorsal margins slightly convex; denticles on inner surface visible as darkened areas near ventral margin at mid-length, and submarginally at posteriodorsal “corner”; a smaller, submarginal denticle near middle of posterior margin occasionally visible. Dorsal view (Fig. 19b). Anterior margin of IX with broad, deep, U-shaped emargination; posterior margin concave between lateral margins of X and preanal appendages, straight, faint, transverse suture between IX and X; longitudinal ridge on midline of IX. Dorsal inner margins of lateral sclerotized areas of X with V-shaped junction near base of segment, outer margins slightly divergent to end of segment, area between sides of X membranous. Posterioventral angle of X with long, sharply pointed projection directed posteriolaterad at 30-45 o from body axis; posteriodorsal denticle of X nearly erect, at about same angle as posterioventral denticle, sharply pointed. Subterminal dorsal denticle of inferior appendage (not shown) nearly transverse, angled slightly posteriad. Ventral view (Fig. 19c). Anterior margin of IX barely concave; its posterior margin forming an obtuse (100-120 o) angle between bases of inferior appendages; depigmented area on posterior 1/3 of segment bounded anteriad by transverse row of setae. Inferior appendages angular, in contact at base, inner margins convex, diverging from each other at 30-50 o to base of marginal denticle at mid-length, then more divergent and concave to second denticle at 3/4 length of appendage, these denticles connected by a nearly continuous, darkened ridge; subterminal, distal denticle about same size as other two, with a much smaller denticle occasionally apparent about midway between distal two denticles; outer margin of appendages convex and slightly divergent. Ventral arms of X (not shown) converge from base to mid-length where they nearly or actually meet, and then diverge in a smooth curve to tips. Larva. Head uniformly dark brown except for oval pale area around eye, darker than other sclerites. Pale muscle scars visible on shed sclerites of MMT in 3-4 rows behind eye, and in 2 rows of 2 on middle of posterior 1/2 of frontoclypeus. Pronotum uniform tan, pale muscle scars in a row from middle of posterior margin to middle of mesal margin, and scattered near anteriolateral margin, on each sclerite. Muscle scars not apparent on intact larvae. Meso- and metanotal sclerites tan, darker than adjacent membranes, and easily visible. Legs amber. Prosternal sclerite with median side about 2/3 length of outer side. Mesosternal sclerites mostly black except for pale streak along midline. Legs, sterna, and sclerites on IX and X otherwise typical for genus. Emergence dates. 6 April-1 May. Distribution. GA, known only from the type locality. Discussion. There is a possibility that this species is not valid, and represents a variant population of A. vireo. We choose to treat it as a valid species at this time because of its potentially precarious status and to stimulate additional research. See discussion under A. vireo for additional aspects of our rationale. Etymology. meridionalis = of the south, in reference to its southerly distribution., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus stylifer Etnier, Baxter, and Parker new species Fig. 25a, 25b, 25c. Map 25 Type material. Holotype, MMT male, length 5.0 mm, EX UT 1.596. Smith Fork trib. 0.5 rd mi w of US 70 on TN 96, 36.0140 o N, 86.0021 o W, DeKalb Co., TN, 18 April 2000, emerged 28 April 2000, D. A. Etnier. (NMNH) Allotype, female, length 5.4 mm, taken with holotype, emerged 30 April 2000. (NMNH) Paratypes taken with holotype, all EX UT 1.596. CASC, MMT male emerged 25 April, MMT female emerged 24 April; CUAC, MMT male pupa emerged 25 April, MMT female emerged 24 April; INHS, MMT male emerged 21 April, MMT female pupa emerged 30 April, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; ROME, MMT male emerged 23 April, MMT female pupa emerged 30 April; SCHC, MMT male emerged 23 April; MMT female emerged late April; UMSP, 1 MMT male, emerged 24 April; 1 MMT female pupa emerged late April, 1 prepupa; NMNH, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; 1 early pupa, 4 male pupae, 3 female, 3 female pupae remain in UT 1.596, adults emerged late April 2000. Additional material examined. Tennessee, Clay Co.: UT 1.638, Little Proctor Cr. at Proctor Cr. Road & Old Watson Road, 13 May 2000, 3 larvae /prepupae, 1 early pupa, 7 male + 6 female mature pupae/ adults; Putnam Co.: UT 1.369, creek 1.7 rd mi s of Overton Co. line on TN 84, 21 April 1998, 6 larvae / prepupae, 3 early pupae, 10 male + 2 female mature pupae/adults; Smith Co.: UT 1.594, upper Mulherrin Cr. along TN 53 1.9 rd mi n of jct. Brush Cr. Road, 18 April 2000, 3 larvae /prepupae, 10 male + 10 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.595, spring run trib. to Mulherrin Cr. at 244 TN Hwy. 53, n of I-40, 18 April 2000, 1 larva, 5 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; Sumner Co.: UT 1.598, Deshea Cr. at Bright Lane, 0.3 rd mi s of US 31E, 16 April 2000, 7 larvae /prepupae, 1 early pupa, 7 male + 5 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.600, Lick Cr. at TN 25, 0.7 rd mi e of Rock Springs Road, 16 April 2000, 14 larvae / prepupae, 4 unopened pupae, 2 male + 1 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.603, Jones Spring at Tyree Spring Road, White House, 16 April 2000, 1 prepupa, 1 male + 1 female; UT 1.621, Otter Fork at 801 Wolf Hill Road, 2.3 rd mi se of US 231/31E, 10 May 2000, 1 larva, 7 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; Trousdale Co.: UT 1.592, Rocky Cr. trib. at US 231, 0.8 rd mi s of TN 25, 16 April 2000, 7 larvae / prepupae, 4 early pupae, 15 male + 14 female mature pupae/adults; Wilson Co.: UT 1.567, Shop Spring Br. trib. 0.2 rd mi n of jct. US 70/ Shop Spring Road, 29 March 2000, 15 larvae /prepupae, 8 male + 2 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.571, West Prong Jennings Cr. at Poplar Hill Road, s of I-40, 29 March 2000, 20 larvae /prepupae, 4 male + 3 female mature pupae/adults. Diagnosis. Differs from all species treated herein except A. pegram in having the posteriodorsal and posterioventral corners of segment X well sclerotized, curved outward, and ending in a sharp point (dorsal and ventral views). Very similar to and probably closely related to A. pegram, from which it differs most notably in having the posteriodorsal corner of X (lateral view) tapering to a non-darkened sharp point, forming a deep, U-shaped emargination between it and the distinct ventral projection (versus blunt, conspicuously darkened apically, and with only a shallow notch between it and the rounded posterioventral corner of X in A. pegram). In addition, in dorsal and ventral views of X only the ventral terminal denticle is bent outward at about 90 o from its base, with the dorsal denticle a smooth continuation of its base; in A. pegram both terminal denticles are sharply bent from their base. Description. Male. Length 4.8-5.5 mm (n = 28). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 25a), anterior margin of IX thickened, slanting down and forward to midline at 45 o angle, then vertical or angled slightly posteriad to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin 1/3 length of ventral margin; posterior margin vertical to just below lower edge of preanal appendage, then with a short shoulder that projects posteriad, than nearly vertical to lower articulation of inferior appendage. Preanal appendages subrectangular, exposed length = 2 times maximum depth, which occurs near truncate tip, dorsal margin convex, ventral margin straight to slightly concave; dorsal edge with about 10 long, erect setae on distal 3/4. Segment X laterally well sclerotized, with ventral margin more opaque, darker area narrow at base and expanding distally to include terminal denticle. Dorsal margin depressed at base, then convex to base of long, up-curved terminal denticle that extends nearly to tip of inferior appendage, with its tip extending slightly past posterioventral corner of X; ventral margin of X slightly concave, terminating in a blunt projection parallel to dorsal denticle; emargination between dorsal denticle and ventral projection U-shaped. Inferior appendages with length 3 times basal depth, margins concave dorsally and convex ventrally, tapering smoothly to terminal, upturned denticle at rounded distal end; denticle slants rearward at about 40 o from vertical. Darkened ridge extending forward from base of terminal denticle visible as a dark line 1/4 length of appendage; darkened denticulate ridge on ventral margin barely visible, extending forward from middle of appendage. Dorsal view (Fig. 25b). Anterior and posterior margins of IX broadly V-shaped, parallel, mid-dorsal length 1/2 length of exposed portion of preanal appendage. Preanal appendages divergent from body axis at 10 o, tips swollen and more divergent. Lateral margins of X concave anterior and posterior to slight swelling at 1/3 length, increasingly divergent to tips of dorsal denticles; inner margins convex and divergent to tips of denticles, separated by inconspicuous membranous area, U-shaped separation at base. Ventral details of X not conspicuous in dorsal view. Inferior appendages parallel sided, curved, divergent on basal 1/2, distal 1/2 convergent, distal denticle hooked. Ventral view (Fig. 25b). Anterior margin of IX concave, thickened; posterior margin broadly V-shaped (110 o angle) between bases of inferior appendages. A diamond-shaped, depigmented area on IX mid-ventrally, anterior to bases of inferior appendages. Inferior appendages basally somewhat inflated, then outer margin convex to truncate tip; terminal denticle hooked; inner margins in contact at base, then convex to origin of darkened ridge of irregular denticles at basal 1/3 of length, then curved inward and parallel to outer margin to tip. Darkened row of irregular denticles extends about 1/3 length of inferior appendage, often with slightly larger proximal denticle; an additional but less conspicuous denticulate ridge on inner margin occupying distal 1/4 of appendage. Inner margins of ventral arms of X convex and convergent in basal third, straight and divergent in distal 2/3, and appearing widest where they nearly meet on the midline; terminating in sharp, laterally projected, posterioventral denticle; posteriodorsal denticle of X a smooth continuation of dorsal margin. Larva. Not separable from that of A. pegram, see that description. Emergence dates. 19 April-24 May. Distribution. TN Clay, DeKalb, Putnam, Smith (2), Sumner (4), Trousdale, Wilson (2)., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 39-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus tricornutus Etnier, Parker, and Baxter new species Fig. 27a, 27b, 27c. Map 27 Type material. Holotype, male, length 4.7 mm, EX UT 1.464. stream 1.5 rd mi w of US 11 on continuation of St. Clair co rd 30, 33.7345 o N, 86.5379 o W, Jefferson Co., AL, 13 April 1999, emerged 17 April 1999, D. A. Etnier. (NMNH) Allotype, female pupa, taken with holotype, emerged 17 April 1999. (NMNH) Paratopotypes, EX UT 1.464: CASC, 1 male pupa, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; CUAC, 1 MMTmale, 1 MMT female, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; INHS, 1MMTmale, 1 MMT female, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; ROME, 1 MMTmale, 1 MMT female, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; SCHC, 1 MMT male pupa, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; UMSP, 1 MMTmale, 1 female pupa, 1 larva, 1 prepupa; NMNH, 1 male pupa, 1 larva, 1 prepupa. Remaining in UT 1.164 are 1 MMTmale, 1 MMT male pupa, 1 MMT female pupa, 1 larva, and 3 prepupae. Additional paratypes, EX UT 1.500, Ohatchee Cr. trib. at Kays Ferry Road, 0.6 rd mi n of jct. Hollingsworth Road and New Liberty Road, access via Seven Springs Road, ne of AL 204, Calhoun Co., AL, 6 May 1999. CASC, 1 MMT female pupa; SCHC, 1 MMT female pupa. Remaining in UT 1.500 are 2 males, 2 MMT males, and 4 MMT female pupae. Additional material examined. Alabama, St. Clair Co.: UT 1.463, spring run 2.4 rd mi n of co rd 30, s of Springville, 13 April 1999, 1 male + 2 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.490, spring run at US 11 in Springville, 13 April 1999, 2 male + 1 female mature pupae/adults. Diagnosis. The three prominent spines or denticles (2 dorsal and vertical, 1 ventral and horizontal, none between posterioventral and posteriodorsal corner) associated with the posterior margin of segment X (lateral view) separate this species from all others in central and eastern North America. Most similar to A. alabamensis (which has 4-9 prominent denticles on X, many on posterior border), and further differing in having ventral margin of X straight on distal 3/4 (distal 1/4 decurved in A. alabamensis). Description. Male. Length 4.0- 5.5 mm (n = 7). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 27a), segment IX anterior margin straight, slanting down and forward to middle at 45 o, lower 1/2 slightly convex, sloping down and back at 60 o to convex ventral margin; posterior margin convex and nearly vertical; dorsal margin 1/2 length of ventral margin, sloping down and back at 20 o. Preanal appendage clavate, 1/2 length of inferior appendage, its maximum depth (posterior to mid-length) 1/3 length; distal 1/2 and end with about 12 long setae. Sides of X sclerotized, ventral arms more opaque; dorsal margin with slight concavity at base, then straight to second concavity anterior to anteriodorsal denticle, then more deeply concave to base of posteriodorsal denticle. Ventral margin horizontal to sloping downward to swelling at basal third, then upward (145 o angle with base) to posterioventral denticle. Terminal denticles 3, one at posterioventral corner nearly horizontal, curved upward; largest denticle vertical, at posteriodorsal corner; third denticle also vertical, subequal to ventral denticle, and anterior to largest denticle. A few scattered serrations occasionally present along posterior border of X. Inferior appendage rhomboid, length = 3.0 times depth; upper margin straight, nearly parallel to convex lower margin, distal end angles down and forward at 55 o; a submarginal black denticle apparent on inner surface at posteriodorsal corner, and heavily sclerotized ridge associated with posterioventral corner visible as a dark line. Dorsal view (Fig. 27b). Segment IX with anterior margin broadly and deeply concave, thickened, its mid-length 0.4 times that of preanal appendage, posterior margin straight, poorly differentiated from X, and with triangular emargination barely visible on midline. Preanal appendages parallel to or slightly divergent from body axis, inner margin concave near base, convex distally, outer margin straight except may diverge slightly at pointed, distal end. Sclerotized inner margins of X narrowly separated by dorsal membranous area and convergent to U- or V-shaped (20 o angle) basal fusion. Dorsolateral and ventrolateral margins of X nearly parallel; posteriodorsal denticles with tips incurved; posterioventral denticle with tip curved outward. Inferior appendages (not shown) with denticle near posteriodorsal margin pointed, transverse. Ventral view (Fig. 27c). Anterior margin of IX concave, posterior margin with angular extension (90 o) between inferior appendage bases; heart-shaped to triangular depigmented area on IX anterior to inferior appendage bases bordered anteriad by transverse row of setae. Inferior appendages with bases slightly swollen, outer margins slightly concave near middle, slightly divergent to rounded tip; inner margins in contact at base, straight and divergent (30 o from each other) to mid-length; at mid-length a tiny dark denticle marks the anterior end of a concave, heavily sclerotized ridge that diverges (30 o angle from body axis) to posterioventral angle of inferior appendage where an additional weak denticle is present; the ridge then abruptly more concave, less darkly pigmented, and more divergent to base of submarginal posteriodorsal denticle. Ventral arms of X (not shown) converge from base to meet or nearly meet at swelling at 1/3 length, forming an angle of about 80 o, then nearly parallel to near each posterioventral tip and their denticle-like prolongations which diverge from body axis at about 30 o. Larva. Genae and frontoclypeus gray except for pale area around eye. Muscle scars on head of larva, if visible, are pale and occur in a patch of about 12 scars behind eye and extending ventrally to genal suture; frontoclypeus with 3 pale muscle scars near middle of sclerite just posterior to lateral angles. Pronotum with 1-2 large, circular, pale, submarginal muscle scars at the anterior base of each leg; 2 rows of 3 pale muscle scars diverge from each other at 40 o, from middle of segment near midline; additional pale muscle scars near posterior margin of sclerite. Mesonotal and metanotal sclerites as dark as those of head and pronotum, easily differentiated from paler surrounding membranous area. Pale muscle scars on larval frontoclypeus not conspicuous in MMT, in a cluster of 3-5 as in larvae, 2 paler circular areas present transversely near middle of sclerite. Genae show additional pale muscle scars throughout area behind eye; posterioventral corner and deepest area of concavity on posterior margin are conspicuously darkened. Legs and sterna typical for genus; and sclerites on IX and X as dark as those on thoracic nota. Emergence dates. 13 April-31 May. Distribution. AL Calhoun, Jefferson, St. Clair (2)., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 42-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus kirchneri Parker, Etnier, and Baxter new species Fig. 17a, 17b, 17c. Map 17 Type material. Holotype, mature male pupa, Station Creek at horse barn, 36.6040 oN, 83.6285 oW, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Lee Co., VA, 5 April 2007, emerged 25 Apr-7 May, JL Robinson. (NMNH) Allotype, mature female pupa, same data as for holotype. (NMNH) Paratopotypes, mature male and female pupae, same data as for holotype CASC, male; CUAC, male MMT, female MMT; INHS, male MMT, female MMT; ROME, female, male MMT, UMSP, male, female; NMNH, male; UT 1.1117, 2 males. Additional paratypes. SCHC, 1male, 1 female, 1 mature male pupa, EX UT 1.604, Lone Mountain Cr. just above summer pool level of Norris Reservoir, along Lone Mountain Road, Claiborne Co. TN, 20 April 2000; 3 prepupae, 9 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults remain in UT 1.604. Additional material examined. Tennessee, Anderson Co.: UT 1.355, Univ. Tenn. Arboretum trib. to Melton Hill Reservoir embayment n side of TN 170, about 1/ 2 mi e of TN 62, Solway, 31 March 1988, 12 larvae / prepupae, 5 male + 8 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.479, Clinch R. trib. 0.5 rd mi w of jct. Laurel Road / Hillcrest Road, w of Clinton, 24 April 1999, 3 larvae /prepupae, 3 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.480, jct. Old Dutch Valley Road and Shinliver Road, 24 April 1999, 2 prepupae, 4 pupae, 6 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.481, Sulphur Springs at Sulphur Springs Road, 24 April 1999, 11 larvae /prepupae, 17 pupae, 10 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.860, Sulphur Springs at Dutch Valley Road, n of Clinton, 8 April 2003, 2 prepupae, 6 male + 5 female mature pupae/ adults. Blount Co.: UT 1.432, entrance to Laurel Valley Golf Course, 1.2 rd mi from TN 73 on Laurel Valley Road, Townsend, 16 May 1998, 1 mature male pupa. Grainger Co.: UT 1.383, Buffalo Springs, about 20 m below source, TWRA access rd, just n of TWRA Headquarters, 2 May 1998, 10 larvae /prepupae, 1 pupa, 7 male + 5 female mature pupae/adults. Jefferson Co.: UT 1.380, Indian Cr. at jct. US 411 and Bridges Chapel Road, 2.2 rd mi sw of US 70, 2 May 1998, 9 larvae /prepupae, 1 pupa, 1 male + 2 female mature pupae/adults. Knox Co.: UT 1.878, Pitts Spring, Campbell Station Road s of Hardin Valley Road, 8 May 2003, 1 prepupa, 1 male; UT 1.1200, same locality, 24 April 2010, 1 prepupa, 1 male pupa, 1 female pupa; UT 1.1039, spring run n of Gilbert Drive crossing, 0.2 rd mi w of Lovell Road, 20 m below lower end of concrete raceway near springhead, 3 May 2006, 2 larvae /prepupae, 1 male, 1 female; UT 1.1199, Conner Cr. and spring run, w side of East Gallaher Ferry Road at Rustic Bridge Road, 35.9230 o N, 84.2193 o W, 24 April 2010, 5 prepupae, 1 female pupa. Roane Co.: UT 1.448, White Oak Cr. km 6.8, 25 April 1989, 2 mm; UT 1.742, Keylon Hollow Road 0.4 rd mi above TN 304, 5 May 2001, 2 larvae, 1 pupa, 3 male + 4 female mature pupae/adults. Virginia, Lee Co.: UT 1.591, Sims Spring run above VA 662, 20 April 2000, 9 larvae, 1 pupa, 10 male + 7 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.601, northern trib. to Hardy Cr. along US 58, 5.2 rd mi ne of Rose Hill, 20 April 2000, 13 larvae /prepupae, 8 male + 7 female mature pupae/adults. Smyth Co.: UT 1.873, Laurel Spring Road 0.6 rd mi s of I-81 Mile 43 overpass, 27 April 2003, 5 larvae, 2 pupae, 3 female mature pupae. Washington Co.: UT 1.876, Rockhouse Run at jct. VA 710 and VA 711, near Alvarado, 4 May 2003, 6 larvae /prepupae, 2 pupae, 17 male + 12 female mature pupae/adults. Diagnosis. Similar to A. hessi, A. spinosus, and A. walkeri in having ventral arms of X out-turned and darkened at tip, and in having each inferior appendage with a single, transverse denticle near distal margin. Differs from all three of these in having tips of ventral arms of X shaped like a duck-head in dorsal and ventral views (versus straight denticle, pair of denticles, or cluster of denticles), and in having sides of X sclerotized and forming a notch distally at junction with ventral arms (versus membranous and smoothly merging with ventral arms). Inferior appendages of A. kirchneri differ from those of the three above species in having dorsal and ventral margins parallel (versus divergent toward tip), with terminal denticle at dorsal corner (versus at middle or at ventral corner); in having inferior appendage tip smoothly rounded (versus with angular projection near middle), and in having a darkened, denticulate ridge along the posterioventral portion (versus no denticulate ridge). Description. Male. Length 4.0- 5.9 mm (n = 6). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 17a), anterior margin of IX slopes down and forward at 45-50 o to midline, then down and back at 65 o and sinuate to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin straight, 1/2 length of ventral margin; posterior margin sloping down and back at 65 o to base of preanal appendage, then straight to slightly convex, vertical or nearly so to ventral margin. Preanal appendage ovate, depth = 1/3 times exposed length, dorsal and ventral edges convex to rounded tip; 1/3 length of inferior appendage; 8-12 setae on distal 2/3 of exposed dorsal margin. Segment X sclerotized, more so on ventral arms; dorsally with basal concavity, then a convex dorsal margin, slightly down-sloped to 0.8 length, then decurved at 90 o and smoothly merging with ventral arms. Ventral arms slightly less deep than preanal appendage, same depth throughout, basal 1/4 forms 140 o angle with slightly concave, distal 3/4; tip with upturned, curved, black denticle. Inferior appendage length = 2.6 times depth, 3/4 length of X, dorsal and ventral margins nearly straight, parallel, tip bluntly rounded; posteriodorsal subterminal denticle visible as dark spot, posterior half of ventral margin with tuberculate ridge at or near edge, up-curved near posterior margin, and with small denticle at each end of ridge. Dorsal view (Fig. 17b). Anterior margin of IX broadly concave, posterior margin faint to not apparent, mid-dorsal length 1/2 length of preanal appendage. Outer dorsal margins of X concave, convergent on basal 1/3, nearly parallel distally; dorsal inner margins fused near base, divergent (5 o from body axis) to contact distal end of outer dorsal margin. Ventral arms of X distally shaped like a duck head, “beak” transverse, with tip slightly up-turned; inner margins convergent to nearly contact each other at 1/4 length, then slightly divergent to tips. Inferior appendages with terminal dorsal denticle, and ventral denticulate ridge prominent on distal 1/2. Ventral view (Fig 17c). Anterior margin of IX concave; posterior margin forms 90 o angle between inferior appendage bases; a triangular, depigmented area from slightly anterior to inferior appendage bases posteriad. Inferior appendages with outer margin beyond bulbous base convex to angular tip which bears a dark, in-pointed denticle; inner margins nearly in contact at base, ventral margins diverging from each other at 40 o on basal 1/2; distal 1/2 more divergent, concave, denticulate ridge with a small denticle at each end. Larva. Head and pronotum dark brown, other sclerites paler. Pale area around eye spot and dark markings on sclerites typical for genus, except mandibles same color as other head sclerites. Frontoclypeus and genae lacking apparent muscle scars except on shed sclerites of MMT; pronotum with about 10 large, elliptical, pale, dark-margined muscle scars on posterior 1/2, mostly near lateral and posterior margins. In MMT, a row of 3 transversely elliptical, pale, dark-margined muscle scars may be apparent at posterior fifth of frontoclypeus, along with scattered, less apparent muscle scars. Genae with 3 obscure rows of small, pale muscle scars behind eye, a few additional ones scattered elsewhere on posterior 1/2; a tight cluster of 3-4 more obvious muscle scars at posterior margin near ecdysial line. Emergence dates. 25 April-26 July. Distribution. KY Bell (larvae). TN Anderson (5), Blount, Claiborne, Grainger, Jefferson, Knox (2), Roane (2). VA Lee (2), Smyth, Washington. Discussion. Taken with A. iridis and A. minutus. This species and A. minutus are the only two Agapetus known to persist in Knox Co., TN. Specimens in UT 1.1039 are from what appeared to be a pristine spring in a heavily wooded area, but pupae were very difficult to find, taken only from a very small area, and more heavily covered with silt (inside the case) than any others we have seen. Glossosoma nigrior Banks is abundant at the site, but the persistence of A. kirchneri there may be very tenuous. Agapetus kirchneri was abundant at the two additional localities (UT 1.1199, UT 1.1200) in the Hardin Valley area of western Knox County on 24 April 2010. Etymology. Named in honor of Ralph F. Kirchner, prominent North American plecopterist who has contributed much to the study of Trichoptera in eastern North America through his collecting., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus flinti Parker, Etnier, and Baxter new species Fig. 8a, 8b, 8c. Map 8 Type material. Holotype, male, EX UT 1.1129, Scotsman Cr. at Bullpen Road (SR 1100) 4.1 rd mi w of NC 107, 27.0 air mi wsw of Brevard, 35.02124 o N, 83.11340 o W, Jackson Co., NC, 4 June 2008, Jason L. Robinson, black light. (NMNH) Paratopotype, INHS, l male, taken with holotype. Additional paratypes. NMNH (2 males), French Broad R. at boat launch area just below Wilson Road bridge, 3.7 air km ne of jct. US 64 and US 276 in Brevard, 35 o 15.1' N, 82 o 42.0’ W, Transylvania Co., NC, 17 May 1994. Diagnosis. The very elongate inferior appendages (length> 4.5 times depth) separate A. flinti from all North American Agapetus except A. baueri, A. iridis, A. jocassee, and A. pinatus. Differs from A. baueri and A. jocassee in having 3 denticles per inferior appendage (versus 2 per appendage). Differs from A. pinatus in having the median terminal denticle on X with a single point (2 or more points in A. pinatus), and in having the 3 denticles on the inferior appendage well separated (2 proximal denticles in A. pinatus close together, one dorsal to the other). Most similar to A. iridis, from which it differs in having inferior appendages with both non-terminal denticles near mid-depth (proximal denticle on ventral margin, subterminal denticle near dorsal margin in A. iridis). Also, tip of inferior appendage tapering, smoothly rounded in A. flinti, versus non-tapering, truncate in A. iridis. In A. flinti the 2-5 small denticles associated with the terminal denticle on the ventral arms of X are separated from that denticle, while in A. iridis the denticle itself is multi-cusped, with 1-4 points. Description. Male. Length 5.5-5.9 mm (n = 3). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 8a), anterior margin of IX slopes down and forward at 35 o to midline, then down and back at 65 o to convex ventral margin; dorsal portion of IX very narrow, its anterior margin not apparent; posterior margin of IX straight, sloped down and back (50 o) to horizontal shoulder extending anteriad from base of preanal appendage, then down and forward at 80 o, thickened, and straight to ventral margin. Preanal appendage linear, horizontal, 1/2 length of X, length = 8-10 times depth, basal 1/8 covered by posteriodorsal shoulder of IX, 10-12 long, erect setae on distal 3/4 of exposed portion. Ventral margin of X sclerotized, smoothly decurved from base of preanal appendage, then slightly convex to 3/4 length, concave to nearly straight on distal 1/4; ventral sclerotized area of nearly uniform depth, slightly more slender than preanal appendage; length of segment X = 1.1 times that of inferior appendage, terminating in a dark, sharp denticle. At the ventrolateral base of this denticle is a linear array of 2-5 smaller dark denticles extending anteriad. Dorsal to the anterior base of this row of denticles is an additional dark, curved denticle subequal to the terminal denticle and directed posteriad (this denticle and terminal denticle are bifid on right side in holotype, and there are only 2 lateral denticles). Inferior appendage parallel-sided, linear, length = 6 times depth; dorsal margin slightly convex, tip blunt, decurved; ventral margin slightly concave; outer edge visible as a dark line extending from near dorsal margin at base to near ventral margin toward tip. Each inferior appendage with 3 denticles on inner margin, visible as dark dots. Terminal denticle on ventral margin, denticle at middle of inferior appendage at mid-depth, intervening denticle slightly closer to terminal denticle and slightly dorsal to midline. Dorsal view (Fig. 8b). Anterior margin of IX deeply concave, posterior margin poorly differentiated from X. Preanal appendages with concave outer margin, slightly constricted at base, tip pointed. Segment X membranous dorsally between lateral margins on basal 2/3; lightly sclerotized lateral margins of X converge from base of preanal appendages to 1/4 length of X, then diverge to tips, with denticles near tip slightly more divergent from body axis than are arms of X. Sclerotized ventral arms of X, not conspicuous in dorsal or ventral view, converge from base to nearly meet at 1/3 length, then diverge to tips. Ventral view (Fig. 8c). Anterior margin of IX concave; posterior margin poorly differentiated, forming 120 o angle between inferior appendage bases, area between inferior appendage bases not noticeably more transparent than rest of segment. Inferior appendages nearly straight, with a slight concavity at basal 1/3 and near incurved tip; inner margins in contact at base, then divergent at about 20 o from each other and convergent with outer margins to tips. All three pairs of denticles transverse and approximately the same size. Ventral arms of X as in dorsal view. Larva. Unknown. Emergence dates. 17 May-4 June. Distribution. NC, Jackson and Transylvania counties. Known only from the 4 male types mentioned above. Discussion. Taken with A. jocassee, A. pinatus, and A. walkeri. This species appears at present to be very rare (2 collections in a 14-year time span, during which we and Jason Robinson made about 10 visits to areas around the 2 known localities in search of pupae). In spring of 2009 we reared 13 male Agapetus pupae from the type locality and an additional 10 males from two creeks within 1.2 rd mi east of the type locality; all were A. jocassee. The two known localities where A. flinti adults were taken (in light traps) are both rather close to much larger creeks/rivers (Chattooga River and French Broad River), and Agapetus collected with A. flinti were A. pinatus and A. walkeri, both of which we associate with larger streams than those in which we find A. jocassee. It may be that A. flinti is a species of larger streams than we have sampled in that area. Etymology. Named in honor of Oliver S. Flint, Jr., colleague, friend, curator of neuropteroid insects at NMNH, and incredibly productive trichopterist for five decades and counting., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus harrisi Etnier, Parker, and Baxter new species Fig. 10a, 10b, 10c. Map 10 Type material. Holotype, male, MMT pupa, EX UT 1.607, Chandler Branch 0.6 rd mi n of jct. co rd 593 on AL 79, 34.4680 o N, 86.2270 o W, Marshall Co., AL, 26 April 2000, preserved 23 May, DA Etnier. (NMNH) Allotype, MMT female, 5.4 mm, collected with holotype, preserved 8 May.(NMNH) Paratopotypes, all EX UT 1.607 and collected with holotype. CUAC, MMT male pupa, MMT female pupa, preserved 23 May, 1 larva; INHS, MMT female pupa preserved 23 May, 1 larva; ROME, MMT male pupa, MMT female pupa, preserved 11 May, 1 larva; SCHC, MMT male pupa, preserved 23 May; UMSP, MMT male pupa, MMT female pupa, preserved 23 May, 1 larva; 2 MMT female pupae (preserved 21 April), and 5 early pupae remain in UT 1.607. Additional paratypes, AL 79 at co rd 377, 5.0 rd mi s of jct. AL 279, Jackson Co., AL, 10 April 1999 - CASC; MMT male pupa preserved 3 May, MMT female preserved 26 April, 1 larva; INHS, MMT male pupa, preserved 6 May; 5 larvae, 2 early pupae; 5 MMT male pupae, 11 MMT male/female pupae, remain in UT 1.457; UT 1.1034, se side of co rd 67, 50 m ne of powerline, 2.3 rd mi ne of co rd 38 in Langston, Jackson Co., AL, 27 April 2006, 1 larvae 1 prepupa, 1 MMT male, 3 MMT female, emerged 30 April-1 June. Diagnosis. Only two other species (A. ibis, A. meridionalis) of eastern and central North American Agapetus have the end of the ventral arms of X abruptly down-curved and pointed. Differs from both of these in having tip of inferior appendage with a deep posterioventral emargination (versus smoothly rounded). Also similar to A. tomus, in which tip of inferior appendage is weakly and symmetrically emarginate, and the ventral projection of the ventral arms of X is broadly rounded rather than pointed. Description. Male. Length 5.4-6.1 mm (n = 2). Male genitalia: Lateral view ( Fig. 10a), anterior margin of IX thickened, concave and sloped down and forward at 65 o to midline, then down and back at 75 o to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin horizontal, slightly depressed in middle, length = 3/4 length of ventral margin. Posterior margin of IX nearly vertical, slightly concave on dorsal 1/2, produced posteriad at mid-depth, convex to ventral margin. Preanal appendage ovoid, 1/3 length of X, length = 1.5 times depth, about 10 dorsal setae. Length of X = 3/4 inferior appendage length, moderately sclerotized dorsal margin converges with ventral arm toward tip; ventral arm slender at base, gradually broader distad, shaped like hockey stick with tip (acutely pointed, occasionally bifid) directed posterioventrad at 45 o, “heel” expanded and pointed dorsad to merge with dorsal margin. Inferior appendage length = 1.6-2.0 times depth; dorsal and ventral margins slightly divergent, dorsal margin straight; ventral margin straight basad, convex distad, and continuing posteriad as finger-like extension; posterior margin angles down and forward at 65 o from rounded posteriodorsal corner to base of finger-like ventral projection. Dorsal view (Fig. 10b). Anterior margin of IX deeply concave, with median thickened ridge on anterior 1/2; posterior margin straight, moderately differentiated from X. Each preanal appendage with convex margins, diverging from body axis at 25 o. Lateral margins of X straight, diverging from body axis at 10 o, posterior margin in-curved to posterioventral points; inner margins joined near base, V-shaped, meeting at 30 o angle, membranous area between lateral plates of X has V-shaped anterior and posterior border. Ventral arms of X dark on inner margin, mostly concealed by dorsal sclerotized area. Ventral view (Fig. 10c). Anterior margin of IX thickened, nearly straight; posterior margin with obtuse (120 o) angular projection between bases of inferior appendages; triangular depigmented area often apparent at posterior margin. Outer margin of inferior appendages with bulbous base, slightly concave middle 2/3, tips slightly in-curved; inner margin nearly straight to transverse denticle at tip; posterior emargination U- or V-shaped, extending forward 0.2 times length of appendage. Larva. Head and notal sclerites glossy brown, darker than other sclerites, which are straw-yellow, with darker brown sutures and edges typical for genus. Sclerites of MMTs faintly marked, frontoclypeus with area behind arc from mid-lateral corners darker than anterior 3/4 of sclerite; two weak, dark muscle scars along line between lateral corners, each 3/4 distance from corner to midline; single weak, transverse muscle scar at midline just anterior to darkened posterior area. Genae with large, rectangular, pale eye spot; two irregular rows of pale, rounded to vertically elongate muscle scars angle down and back from eye area at 15-20 o from horizontal, the upper row extending halfway from posterior border to pale eye area. Emergence dates. 26 April-1 June. Distribution. AL Jackson (2), Marshall. Discussion. The 1999 Jackson County locality is tiny, with limited Agapetus substrate, and with discarded oil cans and other debris in the creek. The species is abundant at the type locality, which appears to be reasonably stable. In April 2006 we found a third population in a tiny southeastern tributary to Guntersville Reservoir, which is protected by TVA ownership. Agapetus harrisi appears to be one of the most geographically restricted Agapetus of eastern North America. We suggest that searches for additional populations be conducted, especially at the head ends of several embayments on the southeast side of Guntersville Reservoir south of Scottsboro, and on the northwest side of the reservoir north of Scottsboro. If these searches fail to yield additional populations, it should be considered for Alabama and Federal protected species status. Etymology. Named in honor of Steven C. Harris, friend, colleague, trichopterist, and superb student of the microcaddisflies (family Hydroptilidae)., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M., Drive, News Sentinel (2010): A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species. Insecta Mundi 2010 (149): 1-77, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353074, {"references":["Betten, C. 1934. The caddis flies or Trichoptera of New York state. New York State Museum Bulletin 292: 1-576.","Betten, C., and M. E. Mosely. 1940. The Francis Walker types of Trichoptera in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History); London. 248 p.","Corbet, P. S. 1966. Parthenogenesis in caddisflies (Trichoptera). Canadian Journal of Zoology 44: 981- 982.","Craft, J. S., and J. C. Morse. 1997. The larva, pupa and female of Agapetus jocassee Morse (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae). Journal of Entomological Science 32: 377-385.","Curtis, J. 1834. Descriptions of some hitherto nondescript British species of mayflies of anglers. 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Agapetus hesperus Etnier, Baxter, and Parker new species Fig. 11a, 11b, 11c. Map 11 Type material. Holotype, male MMT, length 5.3 mm, EX UT 1.967. Tributary to Hubbard Cr. at Forest Service Road 210 bridge, Bankhead National Forest, 34.3052 o N, 87.4995 o W, Lawrence Co., AL, 15 April 2005, D.A. Etnier, P.L. Rakes, C.F. Saylor, J. R. and P.W. Shute. (NMNH) Allotype, MMT female pupa, same data as for holotype, emerged 28 April. (NMNH) Paratopotypes collected with holotype, all EX UT 1.967. CASC, 15 April MMT male pupa, 2 May MMT female pupa; CUAC, 18 April MMT male, 2 May MMT female pupa; INHS, 22 April MMT male, 20 April MMT female; ROME, MMT male, MMT female, both 9 May; SCHC, 15 April MMT male pupa, 27 April MMT female pupa; UMSP, 15 May MMT male, 11 May MMT female; UT 1.967, 15 April MMT male, 2 MMT female pupae, 1 early pupa, all 15 April. Additional material examined. Alabama, Colbert Co.: UT 1.824, Buzzard Roost Spring run off Natchez Trace Parkway at US 72, 12 April 2002, 1 prepupa, 1 mature female pupa; UT 1.965, nw side of Natchez Trace Parkway 1.0 rd mi ne of Bear Cr. exit, 15 April 2005, 3 larvae /prepupae, 8 male + 10 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.966, same locality but se side of Parkway, 15 April 2005, 2 prepupae, 2 early pupae, 5 male + 5 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.1012, Hurd Spring run 1.4 rd mi n of co rd 20 on co rd 1, Margerum, 12 April 2002, 1 larva, 3 female mature pupae. Diagnosis. Very similar to the form of A. avitus that has two pairs of denticles posteriad on X, but differing in having sides of X sclerotized (membranous in posteriodorsal area in A. avitus), and in lateral view having a C-shaped notch between the terminal and subterminal denticle (no notch in A. avitus). Further differing from A. avitus in having inferior appendage rhomboid and with one pair of sharply pointed, transverse denticles and two pairs of blunt denticles (ovoid with two pairs of sharply pointed, transverse denticles in A. avitus). Similar to A. alabamensis, A. crasmus, A. diacanthus, A. gelbae, A. kirchneri, A. medicus, A. meridionalis, A. tomus, A. tricornutus, and A. vireo in having sides of X sclerotized and ventral edge more heavily sclerotized (more opaque); differing from all of these in the above described arrangement of the two pairs of posterior denticles on X. Description. Male. Length 5.2-5.8 mm (n = 6). Male genitalia: Lateral view (Fig. 11a), anterior margin of IX slopes down and forward at 60 o to midline, where smoothly recurved down and back at 60 o to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin straight and sloping downward (20 o) toward X, 3/4 length of ventral margin; posterior margin with lateral shoulder sloping down and back to dorsal margin of preanal appendage base, then straight and vertical to ventral margin. Preanal appendage slightly clavate, length about 5 times depth, extending 1/2 distance to tip of X; about 8 erect setae on posterior 3/4 of exposed dorsal margin. Segment X sclerotized throughout, more heavily so on ventral arms which terminate in a sharp, upward curved denticle that extends well past the inferior appendage tip, a tiny denticle occasionally present on posterior margin ventral to terminal denticle. Ventral margin of X slopes down and back 1/3 distance to tip; then straight to near base of terminal denticle where it is smoothly curved dorsad to tip of denticle; angle formed between basal 1/3 and distal 2/3 of ventral arm about 150 o. Dorsal margin of X slightly concave on basal 1/3, then convex, terminating in sclerotized denticle at level of inferior appendage tip; a C-shaped notch between this denticle and the terminal denticle, neither denticle darker than ventral arms of X. Inferior appendage rhomboid, length = 3.2 times depth; concave dorsal edge and convex ventral edge diverge slightly to oblique and slightly concave posterior margin. Posterior margin slopes down and forward at 50 o. Submarginal denticle near posteriodorsal corner and two blunt denticles on ventral margin (one at posterioventral corner, one more distal), all on inner surface, visible as darkened areas; the two ventral denticles connected by a darkened ridge. Dorsal view (Fig. 11b). Anterior margin of IX broadly and deeply concave; posterior margin visible as narrow suture; dorsal midline slightly thickened. Dorsal aspect of X fused on midline near base, then separated by membranous area, inner edges divergent at 20-30 o from each other to near dorsal pair of denticles; lateral margins of X parallel to body axis or slightly divergent; dorsal denticles diverge from body axis at 20 o. Ventral arms of X convergent from bases, meeting at 0.1 times length of X, then divergent at 20 o from each other and slightly and smoothly out-curved to posterioventral denticle. Posteriodorsal submarginal denticle on inferior appendage transverse, sharply pointed. Ventral view (Fig. 11c). Anterior margin of IX slightly concave, posterior margin with angular posterior extension (100 o) between inferior appendage bases, a triangular depigmented area present delimited anteriad by a transverse band of setae. Inferior appendage base V-shaped, lateral and mesal sides at right angle. Outer margin nearly straight to bluntly pointed tip; inner margins in contact at base, divergent from each other at 30 o angle to blunt denticle at 2/3 length; this denticle followed by darkened, concave ridge, each ridge diverges from body axis at 40 o and terminates in a similar denticle. Submarginal posteriodorsal denticle as in dorsal view. Ventral arms of X conspicuous, smoothly curved outward from contact point at 1/4 length to non-darkened terminal denticle; posteriodorsal denticles barely visible laterally, 1/2 distance between end of membranous area and tip of X. Larva. Head dark gray except for large, trapezoidal pale area that occupies nearly anterior 1/2 of genae, and a few pale, dark margined muscle scars behind eye visible on shed MMT sclerites. Frontoclypeus, pronotum, metanotal sclerites, and sclerites on IX and X concolorous, as dark as head. Mesonotal sclerites paler, with 3 darker freckles on outer margin. Prosternum with outer edge about 1.5 times length of median edge. Mesosternal sclerites black except for median yellow area. Legs pale. Legs, sterna, and sclerites on IX and X otherwise typical for genus. Emergence dates. 18 April-17 May. Distribution. AL Colbert (3), Lawrence. Discussion. Occurs syntopically with the very similar A. avitus. Because A. avitus is an extremely variable species, it seems likely that additional records of A. hesperus are lurking in collections under the name A. avitus. Etymology. hesperus = western, the most westerly distributed of species confined to the area east of the Mississippi River., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 18-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074

Agapetus ibis Etnier, Baxter, and Parker new species Fig. 13a, 13b, 13c. Map 13 Type material. Holotype, male, length 5.5 mm, Skyuka Spring, 34.9096 o N, 85.3884 o W, Chattanooga and Chickamauga National Military Park, Dade Co., GA, 8 May 2007 black light, C. R. Parker, J. L. Robinson. (NMNH) Allotype, female 4.7 mm, same data as for holotype. (NMNH) Paratopotypes taken with holotype, UT 1.1115 (2 males, 2 females); 1 male + 1 female to each of: CASC, CUAC, INHS, ROME, UMSP; 6 pinned males, 4 pinned females to NMNH. Additional material examined. Alabama, Jackson Co.: UT 1.616, stream along co rd 91, 14.2 rd mi s of TN state line, 29 April 2000, 5 larvae /prepupae, 2 early pupae, 3 male + 9 female mature pupae/ adults. Georgia, Dade Co.: UT 1.459, Pope Cr. at US 11, 7.8 rd mi n of GA 136, 13 April 1999, 8 male + 6 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.611. Murphy Hollow Road 0.3 mi n of Hales Gap Road, e of I-59, 29 April 2000, 10 larvae /prepupae, 7 male + 4 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.612, Murphy Spring at Murphy Hollow road, 1.2 rd mi n of jct. Hales Gap Road, 29 April 2000, 21 larvae /prepupae, 4 male + 5 female mature pupae/adults. Tennessee, Hamilton Co.: Raccoon Mountain, 27 April 2006, 1 prepupa, 7 male + 4 female mature pupae/adults. Marion Co.: UT 1.613, Harbin Spring run 0.7 rd mi from Murphy Hollow Road crossing of I-24, Whiteside, 29 April 2000, 8 male + 7 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.482, Running Water Cr. adjacent to TN 134, just east of I-24 Mile Marker 3, 34.9879 o N, 85.5040 o W, Marion Co., TN, 6 April 1999, 4 males + 5 female mature pupae/adults; UT 1.1032, seep at 420 Wilcox Road, 1.0 rd mi ne of US 41 /64 (north fork of loop). Diagnosis. In lateral view, the long, nearly vertical, declivitous denticle on X combined with the bananashaped inferior appendages are characters so divergent from those of other North American Agapetus as to render males of this species rather comical. Description. Male (UT 1.459, 1.482). Length 4.1-6.3 mm (n = 5). Male genitalia: lateral view (Fig. 13a), anterior margin of IX thickened, sloping down and forward at 70 o to midline, slightly concave; ventral 1/2 straight or nearly so, sloping down and back at 80 o to convex ventral margin; dorsal margin slightly concave, down-sloped to base of X, 1/2 length of ventral margin; posterior margin slopes down and back at 70 o, with projection at base of preanal appendage, to just above midline, then down and forward at 70 o from vertical to upper base of inferior appendage, then concave to ventral margin. Preanal appendages oval, length = 2 times depth, 1/2 length of X; dorsal setae about 10, on distal 2/3. Length of X = less than 1/2 inferior appendage length; sides fully sclerotized, dorsal margin straight; ventral arms of X heavily sclerotized, sinuate, ventral margin convex on basal 1/3, distal 2/3 concave and terminating in long denticle that angles down and back at 10-20 o from vertical; base of this denticle also heavily sclerotized to dorsal margin; a tiny denticle typically present at posteriodorsal corner of X; posterior margin slightly convex. Inferior appendage banana-shaped, dorsally with shallow emargination at mid-length, smoothly convex ventrally, rounded posteriad; length = 2.8-3.0 times depth; inner face with subterminal denticle visible as a small, darkened area near dorsal margin; posterior margin and distal 1/4 of ventral margin dark and roughened by denticulate ridge that is slightly submarginal. Dorsal view (Fig. 13b). Anterior margin of IX broadly U-shaped, posterior margin weak, transverse, length at midline = length of preanal appendage. Preanal appendages with straight outer margin, inner margin swollen near middle, divergent from body axis at 15 o. dorsal outer margins of X straight and parallel to body axis to base of downward sloped denticles; inner margins straight, meeting at 30 o angle near base; X membranous between lateral plates. Posteriodorsal denticle on X apparent, angled medially. Inferior appendages with dorsal, terminal, incurved denticle and ventral denticulate ridge on posterior and ventral margins visible. Ventral view (Fig. 13c). Anterior margin of IX nearly straight; posterior margin forming 90-100 o angle between bases of inferior appendages, area from just anterior to inferior appendage bases to posterior margin of IX depigmented. Inferior appendages with bulbous base, then nearly straight to incurved tips, which end in a small, sharp, black, transverse denticle. Inner margin of inferior appendages straight, divergent from each other at 10 o angle on basal 1/2; distal 1/4 more divergent, concave, with marginal row of irregular denticles, the one at posterioventral corner largest; posterior 1/4 of appendage irregularly dentate, more divergent (60 o from each other), and slightly concave. Larva. Head, posterior 2/3 of pronotum, metanotal sclerites, and anal claws brown; other sclerotized areas paler except for usual dark sutures/margins typical for genus. Posterior 2/3 of pronotum and outer edges of mesonotal sclerites with dark brown muscle scars with pale centers. In MMT sclerites, genae brown except for pale area around eye. Frontoclypeus with posterior 1/2 abruptly darker than anterior 1/ 2; a pair of dark, transverse, linear marks separated by their own length on middle 1/2 of sclerite near anterior margin of darkened posterior 1/2. Pronotum with small, semicircular dark smudge at site of foreleg articulation. The much darker larvae from UT 1.612 are marked the same, but large, pale muscle scars are visible on the genae behind and below the eye, in the middle of the posterior 1/2 of the frontoclypeus, and along the posterior margin of the pronotum. Emergence dates. 17 April-28 May. Distribution. AL Jackson (2). GA Dade (4). TN Hamilton, Marion (2)., Published as part of Etnier, David A., Parker, Charles R., John T. Baxter, Jr., Long, Todd M. & Drive, News Sentinel, 2010, A review of the genus Agapetus Curtis (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) in eastern and central North America, with description of 12 new species, pp. 1-77 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (149) on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5353074