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We give new proofs that Khovanov homology detects the figure eight knot and the cinquefoils, and that HOMFLY homology detects $5_2$ and each of the $P(-3,3,2n+1)$ pretzel knots. For all but the figure eight these mostly follow the same lines as in previous work. The key difference is that in honor of Tom Mrowka's 60th birthday, the arguments here use instanton Floer homology rather than knot Floer homology., 17 pages; written for the proceedings of "Frontiers in Geometry and Topology," a conference in honor of Tom Mrowka's 60th birthday. v2: accepted version

We note that a strongly minimal Steiner $k$-Steiner system $(M,R)$ from (Baldwin-Paolini 2020) can be `coordinatized' in the sense of (Gantner-Werner 1975) by a quasigroup if $k$ is a prime-power. But for the basic construction this coordinatization is never definable in $(M,R)$. Nevertheless, by refining the construction, if $k$ is a prime power there is a $(2,k)$-variety of quasigroups which is strongly minimal and definably coordinatizes a Steiner $k$-system., Comment: 14 pages Version II: different format with much narrower pages 23 pages submitted on Feb. 21, 2023 a file created Dec. 23, 2022. Corrected typos and some technical arguments. No change in major results

We sketch recent interactions between model theory and a roughly 150-year old study of analytic functions involving complex analysis, algebraic topology, and number theory, centered in canonicity of universal covers. Towards this goal we discuss in a systematic and unified way several examples indicating the main ideas of the proofs and the necessary changes in method for different situations: exponential covers, modular and Shimura curves, Shimura and abelian varieties, and coherent families of smooth covers., 1 figure

We prove that 0 is a characterizing slope for infinitely many knots, namely the genus-1 knots whose knot Floer homology is 2-dimensional in the top Alexander grading, which we classified in recent work and which include all $(-3,3,2n+1)$ pretzel knots. This was previously only known for $5_2$ and its mirror, as a corollary of that classification, and for the unknot, trefoils, and the figure eight by work of Gabai from 1987., 9 pages, 1 figure

We continue our study of the integer-valued knot invariants $\nu^\sharp(K)$ and $r_0(K)$, which together determine the dimensions of the framed instanton homologies of all nonzero Dehn surgeries on $K$. We first establish a "conjugation" symmetry for the decomposition of cobordism maps constructed in our earlier work, and use this to prove, among many other things, that $\nu^\sharp(K)$ is always either zero or odd. We then apply these technical results to study linear independence in the homology cobordism group, to define an instanton Floer analogue $\epsilon^\sharp(K)$ of Hom's $\epsilon$-invariant in Heegaard Floer homology, and to the problem of characterizing a given 3-manifold as Dehn surgery on a knot in $S^3$., Comment: 40 pages

We prove that the knot Floer complex of a fibered knot detects whether the monodromy of its fibration is right-veering. In particular, this leads to a purely knot Floer-theoretic characterization of tight contact structures, by the work of Honda, Kazez, and Matic. Our proof makes use of the relationship between the Heegaard Floer homology of mapping tori and the symplectic Floer homology of area-preserving surface diffeomorphisms. We describe applications of this work to Dehn surgeries and taut foliations., Comment: 29 pages, 4 figures

We prove that knot Floer homology and Khovanov homology can detect non-fibered knots, including the knot $5_2$, and that HOMFLY homology detects infinitely many such knots. This is the first time that a Floer theory or any of the Khovanov-Rozansky link homology theories has been shown to detect non-fibered knots, or infinitely many knots. These results rely on our main theorem, which gives a complete classification of genus-1 knots in $S^3$ whose knot Floer homology in the top Alexander grading is 2-dimensional., Comment: 65 pages, 30 figures

Ispravno tumačenje Svetog pisma je i povlastica i ponizna odgovornost. U ovom je članku poseban naglasak stavljen na otkrivanje biblijskih i teoloških načela koja se odnose na mjesto vjere, razuma i utjecaj Svetoga Duha u hermeneutičkom procesu. Pristup koji slijedi počiva na jedinstvu i jasnoći Svetog pisma u njegovoj cjelini, kao i na konceptu da je cijela Biblija temeljna, nepogrešiva Božja riječ. Uz to, taj pristup pretpostavlja da je izvorno značenje teksta, u načelu, ono što tekst znači i nama danas., Interpreting the Scriptures properly is both a privilege and a humbling responsibility. The special focus of this article is to discover biblical and theological principles that relate to the place of faith, reason, and influence of the Holy Spirit in the hermeneutical process. The following approach rests upon the unity and clarity of the Scriptures as a whole and upon the concept that the entire Bible is the prepositional, infallible Word of God. It assumes that what the text meant originally is, in principle, what the text means for us today.

We prove that all rational slopes are characterizing for the knot $5_2$, except possibly for positive integers. Along the way, we classify the Dehn surgeries on knots in $S^3$ that produce the Brieskorn sphere $\Sigma(2,3,11)$, and we study knots on which large integral surgeries are almost L-spaces., Comment: 54 pages, 5 figures

We introduce a uniform method of proof for the following results. For {\em each} of the following conditions, there are $2^{\aleph_0}$ families of Steiner systems, satisfying that condition: i) Theorem~2.2.4: (extending \cite{Chicoetal}) each Steiner triple system is $\infty$-sparse and has a uniform but not perfect path graph; ii) (Theorem~5.4.2: (extending \cite{CameronWebb}) each Steiner $k$-system (for $k=p^n$) is $2$-transitive and has a uniform path graph (infinite cycles only); iii) Theorem~2.1.5: (extending \cite{Fujiwaramitre}, each is anti-Pasch (anti-mitre); iv) Theorem~3.6 has an explicit quasi-group structure. In each case all members of the family satisfy the same complete strongly minimal theory and it has $\aleph_0$ countable models and one model of each uncountable cardinal., Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures The paper has been submitted to a combinatorics journal

Theorem: There is a {\em complete sentence} $\phi$ of $L_{\omega_1,\omega}$ such that $\phi$ has maximal models in a set of cardinals $\lambda$ that is cofinal in the first measurable $\mu$ while $\phi$ has no maximal models in any $\chi \geq \mu$., Comment: 27 pages

We prove that Khovanov homology with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ detects the $(2,5)$ torus knot. Our proof makes use of a wide range of deep tools in Floer homology, Khovanov homology, and Khovanov homotopy. We combine these tools with classical results on the dynamics of surface homeomorphisms to reduce the detection question to a problem about mutually braided unknots, which we then solve with computer assistance., 21 pages, 1 figure; v2: added new Theorem 1.2, greatly simplified the computations in section 4; v3: accepted version

We prove that the fundamental group of 3-surgery on a nontrivial knot in the 3-sphere always admits an irreducible SU(2)-representation. This answers a question of Kronheimer and Mrowka dating from their work on the Property P conjecture. An important ingredient in our proof is a relationship between instanton Floer homology and the symplectic Floer homology of genus-2 surface diffeomorphisms, due to Ivan Smith. We use similar arguments at the end to extend our main result to infinitely many surgery slopes in the interval [3,5)., Comment: 28 pages

Let $M$ be strongly minimal and constructed by a `Hrushovski construction'. If the Hrushovski algebraization function $\mu$ is in a certain class ${\mathcal T}$ ($\mu$ triples) we show that for independent $I$ with $|I| >1$, ${\rm dcl}^*(I)= \emptyset$ (* means not in ${\rm dcl}$ of a proper subset). This implies the only definable truly $n$-ary function $f$ ($f$ `depends' on each argument), occur when $n=1$. We prove, indicating the dependence on $\mu$, for Hrushovski's original construction and including analogous results for the strongly minimal $k$-Steiner systems of Baldwin and Paolini 2021 that the symmetric definable closure, ${\rm sdcl}^*(I) =\emptyset$, and thus the theory does not admit elimination of imaginaries. In particular, such strongly minimal Steiner systems with line-length at least 4 do not interpret a quasigroup, even though they admit a coordinatization if $k = p^n$. The proofs depend on our introduction for appropriate $G \subseteq {\rm aut}(M)$ the notion of a $G$-normal substructure ${\mathcal A}$ of $M$ and of a $G$-decomposition of ${\mathcal A}$. These results lead to a finer classification of strongly minimal structures with flat geometry; according to what sorts of definable functions they admit., Comment: 58 pages, 8 figures; The revision modifies the treatment of weak elimination of imaginaries on page 10; it has no effect on the main arguments and results

"Vegeu el resum a l'inici del document del fitxer adjunt".

"Vegeu el resum a l'inici del documents del fitxer adjunt".

Enhanced oil recovery is the process of producing additional oil after the initial primary recovery stage. Enhancing recovery efforts after the primary recovery of a well is dependent on the forces that control reservoir behavior as well as oil properties. Each reservoir has its own characteristics that must be considered in selection of secondary recovery effort. An extensive set of field data was collected by the Wyoming Oil and Gas Commission for our team to investigate. Screening fields and eliminating fields to determine optimal candidates was our main objective. One of the most important screening considerations is potential profitability. The expected production needs to outweigh operational cost of the recovery effort. After the data is streamlined, the remaining fields will be ranked to determine which fields are the best contenders for EOR. While this project is highly focused on data analysis, technical applications of petroleum engineering were paramount. This project gives insight into petroleum prospect generation for secondary recovery efforts.

PETE Senior Design Team 7 Spring 2016

Suppose H is an admissible Heegaard diagram for a balanced sutured manifold (M,\gamma). We prove that the number of generators of the associated sutured Heegaard Floer complex is an upper bound on the dimension of the sutured instanton homology of (M,\gamma). It follows, in particular, that strong L-spaces are instanton L-spaces., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures

Lorsque Martin Aurell m’a invité à participer dans notre colloque, ma réponse a été immédiate, positive et pleine d’enthousiasme. Le problème du chevalier et du moine m’a longuement occupé (ici, j’entends toute l’aristocratie comprise dans le terme « chevalier » et tous les ecclésiastiques par « moine »). Qu’est ce que nous, en tant qu’historiens, pouvons apprendre sur le premier en dehors des renseignements fournis par le second ? Comme on le sait, pas beaucoup. En tant qu’historiens nous so...

Il est frappant de constater, tout d’abord, la grande richesse et l’ouverture problématique que porte aujourd’hui en lui le thème de la chevalerie. Bien ciblée par ses organisateurs, la rencontre, dont le présent ouvrage est issu, a pu faire l’économie du problème des origines. En même temps, elle a permis de multiplier les points de vue et les approches documentaires. À l’époque – bien lointaine – où certains parmi nous fréquentions le séminaire de Robert Boutruche, les problèmes de la cheva...

Francia, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2003)

Francia, Bd. 34, Nr. 1 (2007)

Francia, Bd. 39 (2012)

Francia, Bd. 40 (2013)

We recently defined invariants of contact [math] –manifolds using a version of instanton Floer homology for sutured manifolds. In this paper, we prove that if several contact structures on a [math] –manifold are induced by Stein structures on a single [math] –manifold with distinct Chern classes modulo torsion then their contact invariants in sutured instanton homology are linearly independent. As a corollary, we show that if a [math] –manifold bounds a Stein domain that is not an integer homology ball then its fundamental group admits a nontrivial homomorphism to [math] . We give several new applications of these results, proving the existence of nontrivial and irreducible [math] representations for a variety of [math] –manifold groups.

It is postulated that definition of the availability of nutrients in soil t for plant uptake, will not be satisfactory, unless there is consideration of the plant's role as the absorber. The amount of nutrients absorbed by plants from soil can be related to i) the initial concentration in the soil solution, ii) the capacity of the soil to maintain this concentration (the buffer power), iii) the ease of movement of the nutrient to an absorbing root, and iv) the plant demand. These ideas are the foundation of models which successfully describe the nutrient uptake by single roots, growing in an infinite quantity of soil. The aim of the present work was to extend the approach used to explain uptake by single roots, to complete root systems. The requirements for the work are: a theoretical description of nutrient flow to an absorbing, multiple root system experiments for examining the proposed hypotheses. When a root absorbs a nutrient, there is a depletion in the nutrient concentration at the root surface. In a system of many roots, the zones of nutrient depletion around each root overlap. This reduces the effective initial concentration in the soil solution. So, in a multiple root system, the soil around each root is limited. The extent of overlap depends on the diffusion coefficient of the nutrient, the plant demand, and the interroot distance. The consequence is a lowering of the concentration at each root surface, below that of a similar root absorbing alone. An electrical analogue (Sanders et al. 1971) of diffusion of solutes to groups of absorbing roots was used to simulate nutrient uptake by plants from soil. The analogue was particularly useful for investigating the general consequences of different plant and soil conditions. To interpret specific plant uptake data, a more flexible computer model of diffusion and mass flow to a root system of variable density, with any specified uptake properties, was developed. For workers interested in an accuracy of andplusmn; 20%, an equation for calculating uptake, by systems similar to those which the computer model treats, is presented, which can be solved on a desk calculator. To test the model, experimental data on nutrient uptake, root dimensions and distribution, and soil conditions, during the growth of whole plants in soil was obtained. The computer model predicted the measured plant uptake wall, when values of the plant demand coefficient (which related uptake rate to the external solution concentration) given is the literature, from solution culture work under similar conditions, were used. It is concluded that the theory is an adequate representation of the simple plant-soil system used in the experiments. The expression, relating plant demand to concentration in the soil solution, was simulated on the electrical analogue. The effects of pattern, density, radius and demand coefficient of roots, on the course of uptake of solutes, of varying degrees of mobility, were investigated. Quantitative interrelations between soil and plant characteristics were established, which are discussed in the light of earlier concepts of mobility and availability of nutrients in soil. The uptake of a solute by any root system is roughly determined by the plant demand coefficient and the product of the solute diffusion coefficient, D, the absorption time, t, and the root density, L. The product DtL, for potassium, may often be is the range where root pattern affects uptake. This can be estimated graphically. Theory suggests that the uptake rate of K and K is the plant experiments was reduced by interroot competition. In both experiments, if supply was by physical processes only, the plants were absorbing K from the soil near to a maximum rate, which was set by transport through the soil. In those circumstances, the rate of uptake into a plant is limited by the length of root. Movement through the soil was easily able to supply the plant's requirement of N, until the total quantity was exhausted. It is deduced that this will usually be the case in British arable soils. A major problem, in the experimental determination of plant uptake from soil, results from the inaccessibility of the roots. A technique was devised for estimating the length and pattern of living roots of individual plants, without excessive labour. Radioactive roots are detected by autoradiography as they intersect planes of soil, and the root length par unit volume and rooting pattern follow easily. If two plants are labelled with different isotopes, their root systems can be distinguished. Any spatial interactions between the root systems are detected by the method, and the causes can be inferred. If the roots are extracted from the soil, their length can be automatically measured with an Image Analysing Computer.

The SAR of a novel pyrazinyl-piperazinyl-piperidine scaffold with CXCR3 receptor antagonist activity was explored. Optimization of the DMPK profile and reduction of hERG inhibition is described. Compound 16e with single-digit CXCR3 affinity, good rat PK and hERG profiles has been identified as a lead for further study.

Structure guided optimization of a series of nonpeptidic alkyl amine renin inhibitors allowed the rational incorporation of additional polar functionality. Replacement of the cyclohexylmethyl group occupying the S1 pocket with a (R)-(tetrahydropyran-3-yl)methyl group and utilization of a different attachment point led to the identification of clinical candidate 9. This compound demonstrated excellent selectivity over related and unrelated off-targets, >15% oral bioavailability in three species, oral efficacy in a double transgenic rat model of hypertension, and good exposure in humans.

A facile synthesis of novel 2-amino-6-arylmethyl-7-carboxamido-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]thiazepin-5-ones is described. The synthesis was developed on solid phase and was applied to provide a series of analogs in good yield. The key reactions are acylation of a cysteine derivative with 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonyl chloride followed by cyclization to generate a 6-arylmethyl-7-carboxamido-2-chloro-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]thiazepin-5-one, which is further derivatized with an amine to give the desired 2-amino-6-arylmethyl-7-carboxamido-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]thiazepin-5-one.

Structure-guided drug design led to new alkylamine renin inhibitors with improved in vitro and in vivo potency. Lead compound 21a, has an IC50 of 0.83 nM for the inhibition of human renin in plasma (PRA). Oral administration of 21a at 10 mg/kg resulted in >20 h reduction of blood pressure in a double transgenic rat model of hypertension.

An efficient and general synthesis of substituted 2-amino-7,8-dihydropteridin-6(5H)-ones using a combination of solution-phase and solid-phase chemistry is described. Solution-phase chemistry was used to produce two pyrimidine regioisomers that were separated by flash column chromatography. Utilizing the desired regioisomer, solid-phase chemistry was used to effect the rapid construction of the substituted 2-amino-7,8-dihydropteridin-6(5H)-one system in high overall yield and purity.

In [BKS15] examples of incomplete sentences are given with maximal models in more than one cardinality. The question was raised whether one can find similar examples of complete sentences. In this paper we give examples of complete $L_{\omega_1,\omega}$-sentences with maximal models in more than one cardinality. From (homogeneous) characterizability of $\kappa$ we construct sentences with maximal models in $\kappa$ and in one of $\kappa^+, \kappa^\omega, 2^\kappa$ and more. Indeed, consistently we find sentences with maximal models in uncountably many distinct cardinalities., Comment: 10 pages, submitted

Canada?s aggregate productivity performance has closely tracked changes in Canada?s trading environment. To gain a better understanding of the link, the Economic Analysis Division of Statistics Canada has conducted a set of studies that investigate whether and how changes in the trading environment, brought about by trade liberalization policies and exchange-rate movements, contributed to productivity growth. The firm-level analysis provides insights into the productivity dynamics that arise from within-industry growth and restructuring as resources are shifted from declining to growing industries. The paper provides an overview of the key Canadian empirical findings over the last two decades.

La productivite agregee du Canada a evolue en etroite correlation avec les changements qu?a connus l?environnement commercial canadien. Dans le but de mieux comprendre ce lien, la Division de l?analyse economique de Statistique Canada a mene un ensemble d?etudes portant sur la question de savoir si ? et, le cas echeant, comment ? les changements au sein de l?environnement commercial, entraines par les politiques de liberalisation des echanges et les fluctuations des taux de change, ont contribue a la croissance de la productivite. L?analyse effectuee au niveau des entreprises permet de jeter un regard sur la dynamique de la productivite decoulant de la croissance et de la restructuration au sein des industries, qui s?operent a mesure que des ressources sont transferees des industries en declin a celles en expansion. La presente etude donne un apercu des principales constatations empiriques relatives au Canada au cours des deux dernieres decennies.

Structure-activity studies on lead cyclobutenedione 3 led to the discovery of 4 (SCH 527123), a potent, orally bioavailable CXCR2/CXCR1 receptor antagonist with excellent cell-based activity. Compound 4 displayed good oral bioavailability in rat and may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.

A novel series of 3,4-diaminocyclobut-3-ene-1,2-diones was prepared and found to show potent inhibitory activity of CXCR2 binding and IL-8-mediated chemotaxis of a CXCR2-expressing cell line. Microsome stability and Caco2 studies were subsequently used to show that compounds of this chemotype are predicted to have good oral bioavailability and are thus suitable for pharmaceutical development.

The development of structure-activity relationships (SARs) relating to the function of a biological protein is often a long and protracted undertaking when using an iterative medicinal chemistry approach. High throughput screening of ECLiPS®(Encoded Combinatorial Libraries on Polymeric Support) libraries can be used to simplify this process. In this paper we illustrate how a large ECLiPS library of 26,908 compounds, based on a tricyclic core structure, was used to define a multitude of SARs for the oncogenic target, farnesyltransferase (FTase). This library, FT-2, was prepared using a split-and-pool approach in which small molecules are constructed on resin that contains tag/linker constructs to track the synthetic process [1-5]. Highly defined SARs were produced from this screen that enhanced our understanding of FTase binding site interactions. The pivotal compounds culled from this library were potent in both cell-free and cell-based FTase assays, selective over the closely related enzyme, geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I), and inhibited the adherent- independent growth of a transformed cell line.

A series of prolyl-1-piperazinylacetic acid and prolyl-4-piperidinylacetic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their activity as VLA-4 antagonists. Of 22 compounds synthesized, 19 compounds showed potent activity with low nanomolar IC50 values. In addition, the representative compounds 11o and 11p with a hydroxy group in the pyrrolidine ring showed moderate plasma clearance in rats (11o, 30 ml/min/kg and 11p, 21 ml/min/kg) and in dogs (11o, 12 ml/min/kg and 11p, 9 ml/min/kg).

Farnesyltransferase inhibitors identified from an ECLiPS® library were optimized using solution-phase synthesis. X-ray crystallography of inhibited complexes was used to identify substructures that coordinate to the active site zinc. The X-ray structures were ultimately used to guide the design of second-generation analogs with FTase IC50s of less than 1.0 nM.

In order to fully explore structure-activity relationships at the 1- and 2-positions of the piperazine core of tricyclic farnesyltransferase inhibitors, an 11,718-member ECLiPS library was synthesized and screened in a farnesyltransferase scintillation proximity assay. A detailed description of the library and analyses of the screening data will be provided.

Structure-activity studies on benzamide 1 obtained from library screening led to the discovery of a novel series of potent and selective glycine transporter type-2 inhibitors.

This paper generates updated estimates of depreciation rates to be used in the Canadian Productivity Accounts for the calculation of capital stock and the user cost of capital. Estimates are derived of depreciation profiles for a diverse set of assets, based on patterns of resale prices and retirement ages. A maximum likelihood technique is used to jointly estimate changes in the valuation of assets over the course of their service life, as well as the nature of the discard process used to dispose of assets to generate depreciation rates. This method is more efficient than others in producing estimates with less bias and higher efficiency. The earlier estimates that were derived for the period from 1985 to 2001 are compared with those for the latest period, from 2002 to 2010.

Le present document fournit les estimations mises a jour des taux de depreciation qu?il convient d?utiliser dans les Comptes canadiens de productivite pour calculer le stock de capital et le cout d?usage du capital. Les estimations sont derivees des courbes de depreciation etablies pour un ensemble varie d?actifs en se basant sur les profils des prix de revente et des ages de mise hors service. La methode du maximum de vraisemblance est appliquee pour estimer conjointement les variations de la valeur des actifs au cours de leur vie utile, ainsi que la nature du processus de mise hors service des actifs utilises, afin de produire les taux de depreciation. Cette methode convient mieux que d?autres, car elle produit des estimations dont le biais est plus faible et l?efficacite, plus elevee. Les estimations anterieures, calculees pour la periode allant de 1985 a 2001, sont comparees a celles obtenues pour la periode la plus recente, allant de 2002 a 2010.

In [BKS15] examples of incomplete sentences are given with maximal models in more than one cardinality. The question was raised whether one can find similar examples of complete sentences. In this paper we give examples of complete $L_{��_1,��}$-sentences with maximal models in more than one cardinality. From (homogeneous) characterizability of $��$ we construct sentences with maximal models in $��$ and in one of $��^+, ��^��, 2^��$ and more. Indeed, consistently we find sentences with maximal models in uncountably many distinct cardinalities., 10 pages, submitted

We introduce the notion of pseudo-algebraicity to study atomic models of first order theories (equivalently models of a complete sentence of $L_{\omega_1,\omega}$. Theorem: Let $T$ be any complete first-order theory in a countable language with an atomic model. If the pseudo-minimal types are not dense, then there are $2^{\aleph_1}$ pairwise non-isomorphic atomic models of $T$, each of size $\aleph_1$., Comment: 27 pages