Search

We exploit the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) — the deepest infrared (IR) insight available for nearby galaxies at 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm — to determine the stellar mass content of bars based on a sample of ~350 massive barred galaxies. Our results point to bars encompassing from a few percent to 30% of the galaxy’s total stellar mass, with a typical value of 7%, where bars appear to englobe a greater proportion of the total stellar mass of the host in more massive galaxies and in galaxies with more prominent bulges. We also take a multi-band look at bar properties (length and strength, characterized via ellipticity) and show that bars appear thinner and longer at bluer bands. These results are pioneering in providing a reference for band-shifting corrections in order to reliably gauge any intrinsic redshift evolution of bar properties beyondz∼0.8. This opens the door for current and future studies to exploit current high-resolution imaging surveys and extend detailed morphological and mass studies of bars out to the high-z universe. &nbsp

We exploit the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) — the deepest infrared (IR) insight available for nearby galaxies at 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm — to determine the stellar mass content of bars based on a sample of ~350 massive barred galaxies. Our results point to bars encompassing from a few percent to 30% of the galaxy’s total stellar mass, with a typical value of 7%, where bars appear to englobe a greater proportion of the total stellar mass of the host in more massive galaxies and in galaxies with more prominent bulges. We also take a multi-band look at bar properties (length and strength, characterized via ellipticity) and show that bars appear thinner and longer at bluer bands. These results are pioneering in providing a reference for band-shifting corrections in order to reliably gauge any intrinsic redshift evolution of bar properties beyond z∼0.8. This opens the door for current and future studies to exploit current high-resolution imaging surveys and extend detailed morphological and mass studies of bars out to the high-z universe., {"references":["Bittner, A., et al. 2021, A&A, 646, A42","Eskew, M. et al. 2012, AJ 143 139","Neumann, J., et al. 2020, A&A, 637, A56","Rosas-Guevara et al. 2022, MNRAS, 512, 5339","Salo et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 4","Sheth, K. et al. 2008, ApJ, 675, 1141","Sheth, K. et al. 2010, PASP, 122, 1397"]}

Most barred galaxies have a spiral pattern in their outer regions. In several such cases, the outer spiral structure is likely to have a slower pattern speed than the bar. An example is our Galaxy where the bar rotates with a speed of around 40 km/s/kpc while the spiral probably has a rotational speed slower than 30 km/s/kpc. Strong interactions between bar and spiral are expected in the interface region of such systems. To study these effects, N-body models of galaxies similar to our Galaxy were performed using a 2D log-polar grid. The models were initiated with different bar/spiral configurations to evaluate the stability and degree of interaction depending on pattern speeds and bar length. Test-particle models were used to map the expected velocity distribution for different bar/spiral configurations, while N-body models with an active disk showed the interplay between bar and spiral in the interface region.

Introduction While evaluations of indoor smoke-free legislation have demonstrated major public health benefits among adults, their impact on the smoking behavior of young people remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of the association between smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues and smoking behavior of young people. Aims and Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase in June 2020. We searched for studies that assessed the association of any form of smoke-free legislation in any hospitality venue (eg, bar and restaurant) with a smoking behavior outcome (eg, initiation and current smoking) among young people (aged 10–24 years). . Results Our search yielded 572 articles of which 31 were screened based on full-text and 9 were included in the analysis. All studies were published between 2005 and 2016. The majority of studies used a quasi-experimental design. Four studies evaluated smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues specifically. Two studies reported that comprehensive, but not weaker, smoke-free legislation decreases progression to established smoking. Two other studies provided mixed results on which level of comprehensiveness of legislation would be effective, and which smoking outcomes would be affected. Five studies evaluated legislation that also included other workplaces. Out of these five studies, three studies found significant decreases in current smoking, smoking frequency, and/or smoking quantity, whereas two other studies did not. Conclusions Most of the studies found that smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues is associated with a decrease in smoking behavior among young people. Their results indicate the need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation without exemptions. Implications This is the first systematic review to provide insight into the relationship between smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues and smoking behavior of young people. Our findings show that there is a need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation without exemptions (such as designated smoking areas).

We present a numerical assessment of the thermal-hydraulic performance of the NbTi bus bars designed for the European DEMO. We consider the CS, TF and PF bus bars, as well as two alternative TF options for high-current operations. The main sources of static heat loads are identified and the corresponding thermal budget determined. In addition, the AC losses have been included in the simulations of the CS and PF bus bars, which present a pulsed operation, in contrast with the DC operation of the TF bus bars (and coils). By imposing appropriate pressure drops as boundary conditions, we compute the resulting He mass flow rates and the corresponding temperature margins along each bus bar. Thus, the most critical region of the bus bars in terms of cryogenic stability is identified, as well as the effect of AC losses on the temperature margin is quantified.

Vibrations on the back of a person can convey information about direction through sequentially switching on two vibration motors. For perception of direction the oblique effect can occur, meaning that perception of cardinal directions is more precise than perception of oblique directions. We investigated the role of the positioning of the vibrations with respect to the spine. In the first condition all vibration motors were placed in a circle around the spine ('Circle' condition) and direction was conveyed by switching on vibration motors on opposite sides of the circle. In the second condition the vibrations were placed in two semi-circles of which the centers were on the left and right sides of the back ('Semi-circle' condition). We found that participants showed larger deviations as well as a larger spread for oblique directions than for cardinal directions in both conditions. This indicates that the oblique effect occurred. Therefore, the oblique effect can occur irregardless of the positioning of the vibration motors with respect to the spine. Both deviations and spread were larger in the 'Semi-circle' condition than in the 'Circle' condition suggesting an advantage for centering motors around the spine, although this might have been influenced by the distance between vibrations.

Introduction:While evaluations of indoor smoke-free legislation have demonstrated major public health benefits among adults, their impact on the smoking behavior of young people remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of the association between smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues and smoking behavior of young people.Aims and Methods:A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase in June 2020. We searched for studies that assessed the association of any form of smoke-free legislation in any hospitality venue (eg, bar and restaurant) with a smoking behavior outcome (eg, initiation and current smoking) among young people (aged 10–24 years). .Results:Our search yielded 572 articles of which 31 were screened based on full-text and 9 were included in the analysis. All studies were published between 2005 and 2016. The majority of studies used a quasi-experimental design. Four studies evaluated smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues specifically. Two studies reported that comprehensive, but not weaker, smoke-free legislation decreases progression to established smoking. Two other studies provided mixed results on which level of comprehensiveness of legislation would be effective, and which smoking outcomes would be affected. Five studies evaluated legislation that also included other workplaces. Out of these five studies, three studies found significant decreases in current smoking, smoking frequency, and/or smoking quantity, whereas two other studies did not.Conclusions:Most of the studies found that smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues is associated with a decrease in smoking behavior among young people. Their results indicate the need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation without exemptions.Implications:This is the first systematic review to provide insight into the relationship between smoke-free legislation in hospitality venues and smoking behavior of young people. Our findings show that there is a need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation without exemptions (such as designated smoking areas).

Damage often develops in glued laminated timber members under high bending loads due to natural defects in the timber, which results in their low load-bearing capacity and stiffness. In order to improve the bending mechanical properties of glulam beams, a new type of longitudinal glulam reinforcement with pre-stressed basalt fibre-reinforced polymer composites (BFRP) was developed using the Near Surface Mounted (NSM) technique. The strengthening method consisted of two pre-stressed BFRP bars glued into the grooves at the bottom side of the beam; meanwhile, for the second strengthening alternative, the third BFRP bar was embedded into the groove at the top side of the beam. Therefore, an experimental study was carried out to verify this strengthening technique, in which fifteen full-size timber beams were tested with and without bonded BFRP bar reinforcement in three series. According to the results of this experimental study, it can be seen that the effective load-bearing capacity of the reinforced beams increased up to 36% and that the stiffness of the beams increased by 23% compared to the unreinforced beams. The tensile stresses in the wooden fibres were reduced by 11.32% and 25.42% on average for the beams reinforced with two and three BFRP bars, respectively. On the other hand, the compressive stresses were reduced by 16.53% and 32.10% compared to the unreinforced beams. The usual failure mode saw the cracking of the wood fibres at the defects, while for some specimens, there were also signs of cracks in the epoxy adhesive bond; however, the crack propagation was, overall, significantly reduced. The numerical calculations also show a good correlation with the experimental results. The difference in the results between the experimental and numerical analysis of the reinforced and unreinforced full-sized beams ranged between 3.63% and 11.45%.

The objective of this investigation was to develop a nutraceutical product, in bars, using defatted Brazil nut by-products. The methodological bases of analyses followed the guidelines of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists international and experimental tests of formulations. The bars presented with high protein content with high nutraceutical potential expressed as high levels of magnesium, sodium, calcium and potassium, with emphasis on selenium, supplying around 50% of the daily recommendations. The sulfur amino acids reach approximately the recommended chemical score (97%), the aromatic amino acids with a proportion close to 50% and those of the branched chain supplying the established recommendations for adults. In the sensory tests, the formulation that presented the best attributes and the greatest acceptance (91.78% for the flavor and 97.89% for the general impression) by the tasters was the bar formulation made with a 75:25 ratio of defatted Brazil nuts flour and isolated soy protein.

Computationally reading the information contained in music scores presents many challenges. One of those challenges is having to coordinate several separate processes. Deep learning allows to consolidate a few of these processes into a single step. This project proposes a complete sheet detection system with a seq2seq solution as its base that takes small, bar-sized sheet music chunks in PNG format at the input and creates a prediction MIDI file at the output. It implements the required functionalities to have the entire pipeline. These functionalities include segmenting a score into its bars, doing predictions on these segments and combining all the MIDI outputs into a single MIDI file. Llegir de manera computacional la informació que conté una partitura presenta molts reptes. Un d'aquests reptes és la necessitat de coordinar diversos processos diferents. Aplicar deep learning permet consolidar alguns d'aquests processos en un sol pas. Aquest projecte proposa un sistema complert de predicció de partitures partint d'un model seq2seq que pren petits troçets de partitura, de la mida d'un compàs, en format PNG a l'entrada, i crea un arxiu MIDI amb la predicció a la sortida. S'implementen les funcionalitats necessàries per tenir el pipeline sencer. Aquestes funcionalitats inclouen segmentar la partitura en compassos, realitzar prediccions sobre aquests, i agrupar tots els MIDIs resultants en un de sol. Leer de forma computacional la información que contiene una partitura presenta muchos retos. Uno de estos retos es la necesidad de coordinar varios procesos distintos. Las técnicas de deep learning permiten fusionar algunos de estos procesos en uno solo. Este proyecto propone un sistema completo de lectura de partituras musicales basado en un modelo seq2seq que toma pequeños segmentos de partitura, del tamaño de un compás, en formato PNG como entrada y crea un archivo MIDI con la predicción a la salida. Se implementan las funcionalidades necesarias para tener un pipeline entero. Estas funcionalidades incluyen segmentar partituras en compases, ejecutar predicciones sobre estos, y combinar todas las salidas MIDIs en un solo archivo.

Дипломний проект присвячений створенню інформаційної технології аналізу ефективності ІТ-фахівців В роботі проведено аналіз предметної області з аналізом існуючих методів, визначення мети проекту, засобів реалізації, планування та проектування роботи. Представлена поетапна розробка веб-додатку, що реалізує інформаційну. Після реалізації проекту проведено тестування веб-додатку. Результатом проведеної роботи є створена технологія аналізу ефективності роботи ІТ-фахівців, а також веб-додаток, що реалізує цю технологію.

The bachelor thesis will focus on rescue and assistance in selected elements of artistic gymnastics during physical education classes at a chosen secondary school. The main objective of the thesis is to assess the current utilization of rescue and assistance in the selected elements of artistic gymnastics. The research methods used in the thesis were observation and questionnaire survey. Based on the evaluation of observations and data analysis from the questionnaires, it was found that the current level of rescue and assistance during gymnastics exercises in physical education classes is inadequate in some cases, and in some instances, i tis completely lacking, with only a small percentage if teachers possessing knowledge and skills to properly provide rescue and assistance. Key words: Artistic gymnastics, assistance, rescue, floor exercise, horizontal bar, vault.

Buckling is of great importance in the operation of parts, machine parts and equipment. The forces that appear, when the buckling phenomenon manifests itself in the functioning of these machine parts, must not exceed certain values, called critical, because it can lead to the damage of these machine parts or even their destruction. Achieving the critical buckling force in a part is a dangerous condition, so in the operation of machine parts and equipment must take into account those permissible values prescribed in the literature.

As the industry extends its search for hydrocarbons in remote locations, efficient extended reach drilling operations become crucial to reaching subsurface targets. This starts with enhanced simulation and monitoring of real time data measurements. Torque and drag are two of the most important parameters that are monitored continuously throughout any oil and gas drilling operations. Where torque is defined as the force of rotation between the drill pipe and the wellbore wall and drag is defined as the force required to push or pull the drill pipe through the wellbore and formations. The two parameters are often used as indicators for downhole conditions and must be maintained within certain ranges to ensure successful drilling to the targeted depths and running in hole the required completion equipment. Prior to any drilling operation, an estimate of both torque and drag are calculated based on the known drilling fluid properties, and formation parameters. Which is then used as an indicator of drilling issues such as wellbore collapse, cuttings accumulation, and change in drilling fluid properties. Several analytical models are utilized for torque and drag calculation. The first, and widely used approach is the soft string model which assumes the drill pipe acts as soft string taking the shape of the wellbore. This assumption neglects additional forces that cause the drill pipe to bend in deviated locations, which often results in underestimating torque and drag measurements in complex well designs. To address this, a stiff string model was implemented which considers the pipe’s bending stiffness and its effects on torque and drag calculations. Additionally, finite elements analysis (FEA) has been implemented to validate torque and drag calculations throughout the industry. However, the application of FEA often includes mesh generations which creates a 3D model of the drill pipe and subdivides the object into smaller domains to perform the calculations across the entire volume. This approach typically requires special software or large computational power to perform the calculations in a timely manner for real time monitoring applications. This thesis presents an approach to FEA that utilizes the Euler-Bernoulli beam equations, with the addition of an axial forces component to address both axial and transverse forces and deformations. The outcome of this thesis provides an accurate representation of torque and drag calculations, performed efficiently which could be used for planning, and real time monitoring during drilling operations.

The U.S. Navy currently faces the challenge of redesigning the Navy performance evaluation tool to best assess sailors for promotion eligibility. Navy Personnel Command has partnered with a research team at Naval Postgraduate School to create a performance evaluation tool that utilizes a behavior-based performance method and reflects the organizational goals of the Navy. This thesis integrates academic literature to support the development of a performance evaluation prototype. It examines the prototype’s ability across numerous demographics to assess a sailor’s current performance, their potential performance at the next paygrade, and their performance compared to their peers, for the purpose of promotion. The prototype was fielded by employing two recruitment methods for identifying and recruiting participants: snowballing and a social media campaign. This thesis investigates the utilization of behaviorally anchored rating scales for the purpose of performance evaluation, the demographic make-up of our sample, and the distributions of ratings within the three areas of assessment: performance, potential, and peer comparison. Based on the data, I recommend future research be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of performance appraisal ratings feeding directly into RSCA, in counteracting rater subjectivity and complacency. Subsequent testing should then be fielded to assess rater subjectivity and potential adverse impacts on the efficacy of the prototype. NPS Naval Research Program This project was funded in part by the NPS Naval Research Program. Lieutenant, United States Navy Reserve Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

In this article, a forward uncertainty propagation method is presented for a 2-D finite-element (FE) model in an induction machine. This method is applied to quantify the uncertainty of input parameters, for example, dimensions and material properties, and demonstrate their variability effect on harmonics related to the broken rotor bar (BRB) faults. To show the most influential input parameters in the case of BRB harmonics, a global sensitivity analysis is performed from the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) approximation of the FE model. The results of this study indicate that BRB harmonics are highly sensitive to stator inner diameter, rotor outer diameter, rotor bar conductivity, and core materials. Moreover, the combined variability of these sensitive input parameters can attenuate the amplitude of the BRB harmonics 30%–90% compared to the simulation results at nominal values of input parameters and closely match with measurement results. In this article, a forward uncertainty propagation method is presented for a 2-D finite-element (FE) model in an induction machine. This method is applied to quantify the uncertainty of input parameters, for example, dimensions and material properties, and demonstrate their variability effect on harmonics related to the broken rotor bar (BRB) faults. To show the most influential input parameters in the case of BRB harmonics, a global sensitivity analysis is performed from the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) approximation of the FE model. The results of this study indicate that BRB harmonics are highly sensitive to stator inner diameter, rotor outer diameter, rotor bar conductivity, and core materials. Moreover, the combined variability of these sensitive input parameters can attenuate the amplitude of the BRB harmonics 30%–90% compared to the simulation results at nominal values of input parameters and closely match with measurement results.

The disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in deep stable geological formations is accepted at an international level to be the most promising option for its long-term management. The supercontainer concept is currently being considered as the Belgian reference design, wherein the waste will be stored in geological stable clay formations. The outer barrier of the supercontainer is the envelope, which should be made of a corrosion-resistant material as it will be in contact with the aggressive species leaching from the host rock (i.e., chloride) and diffusing through the cementitious barriers of the disposal system. Polarization measurements are carried out to study the pitting susceptibility and the uniform corrosion of possible candidate materials in chloride-rich concrete pore solutions, aerated by high-purity oxygen. The tests are carried out at a deep soil-representative temperature of 60 °C. All materials showed high pitting resistance in aerated concrete pore solutions and can withstand chloride concentrations up to 1 M. Regular 316L and LDX2304 stainless steel also showed good corrosion resistance and can serve as a more economical alternative. The pH of the used pore solutions did affect the measured corrosion rate irrespective of the alloying elements inside the steel grades. ispartof: MATERIALS vol:15 issue:18 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

The correct quantification of the dose released in charged particle therapy treatments requires the knowledge of the double differential fragmentation cross section of particles composing both the beam and the target. The FragmentatiOn Of Target (FOOT) experiment aims at measuring these cross sections for ions of interest for charged particle therapy applications. This article describes the performance of the time-of-flight (TOF)-wall detector of the experiment. The detector is composed of two layers of 44 cm $\times 2$ cm $\times 3$ mm plastic scintillator bars (20 for each layer), arranged orthogonally and read-out by silicon photomultipliers. The detector is designed to identify the charge of fragments ranging from protons to oxygen ions, with a maximum energy of 700 MeV/u, by measuring the energy released in the scintillators and the TOF with respect to a start counter. In this study, the detector was scanned with carbon ions of energy between 115 and 400 MeV/u and with a 60-MeV proton beam. The measurements show an energy resolution ( $\sigma _{E}/\mu _{E}$ ) between 6% and 4% and a contribution of the detector to the TOF system time resolution between 25 and 20 ps (standard deviation) for carbon ions and between 100 and 80 ps for protons.

Two silicon, 4 lambda O-band multiplexers (MUXs) for 400GbE using two Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) having 90-degree phase shift in their output with the help of on-chip polarization multiplexing are demonstrated. By using 2 x 2 and 2 x 1 MZIs for first 3200-GHz filters, the relative position of their spectra has 90-degree phase difference, leading to significant simplification of the tuning of peak wavelength position of the two filters. The polarization MUX is done by using an on-chip polarization-splitter-rotator (PSR) based on an asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) and a TE1-TM0 mode converter (MC) using tapered rib waveguide, designed for O-band application. Two 4 lambda MUXs for 1.28 and 1.3 mu m bands are designed, aiming to the specified wavelength range in 400GbE. Tolerance analysis shows the proposed MUX is robust to the change of waveguide width occurring in the fabrication process, compared with those of conventional multi-stage 4 lambda MUXs. The averaged insertion loss of eight wavelength is 1.86 dB for the fabricated device and the demonstration of 8 lambda (2x4 lambda) MUX for 400GbE based on Si-waveguide is for the first time.

The internal evolution of bars promotes the vertical movement of stars that eventually will form boxy/peanut structures. Most attention has been paid to this bar-related galaxy component in the last years, mostlydue to the discovery of a box/peanut in our own Milky-Way. In this talk I present an overview of their observational properties and some examples about the importance of boxy/peanut structures in galaxy evolution studies.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the emerging production methodologies transforming the industrial landscape. However, application of the technology in fluidic power transmission and actuation is still limited. AM pneumatic stepper motors have been previously introduced to the field of image-guided surgical robotics, where their disposability and customizability are considered a significant advantage over conventional manufacturing. However, intrinsic dimensional limitations of AM parts and their poor surface quality affect mechanical performance. In this letter, a novel design, PneuAct-II, is presented combining AM, subtractive machining, and off-the-shelf components to achieve higher mechanical performance and resolution. Moreover, a motor identification setup has been built to automatically measure different aspects of the PneuAct motors, including wear, friction, leakage, and stall behavior at various boundary conditions. The effects of input pressure, stepping frequency, signal-width, and external torque on the stall behavior of motors with different clearances are studied. A maximum torque of 0.39 N $\cdot$ m at an input pressure of 6.5 bar is achieved for a motor with a total volume of 90 cm $^3$ , and a clearance of 156 $\mu$ m. A nominal resolution of 2.25 $^{\circ }$ at full-pitch and 1.125 $^{\circ }$ at half-pitch is accomplished. Both resolution and mechanical performance (667 N $\cdot$ m/bar $\cdot$ m $^3$ ) outperform the state-of-the-art (240 N $\cdot$ m/bar $\cdot$ m $^3$ by PneuAct-I).

As dunes and larger scale bed forms such as bars coexist in rivers, the question arises whether dune dynamics are influenced by interaction with the underlying bed topography. The present study aims to establish the degree in which dune characteristics in two and three dimensions are influenced by an underlying topography dominated by non‐migrating bars. As a case study, a 20km stretch in the Waal River in the Netherlands is selected, which represents a sand‐bed lowland river. At this location, longitudinal training dams (LTDs) have recently been constructed to ensure sufficient navigation depth during periods with low water levels, and to reduce flood risk. By using data covering two‐year‐long periods before and after LTD construction, the robustness of the results is investigated. Before LTD construction, dune characteristics show large variability both spatially and temporally, with dunes being longer, lower, less steep and having a lower lee side angle when they are located on bar tops. The correlation between dune characteristics and the underlying bed topography is disrupted by unsteady conditions for which the dunes are in a state of transition. The bar pattern causes tilting of dune crest lines, which may result from a transverse gradient in bed load sediment transport. As a result of LTD construction, the hydraulic and morphological conditions have changed significantly. Despite this, the main conclusions still hold, which strengthens the validity of the results.

Funding: This work was supported by the Arts and Humanities Research Council [grant number: AH/L007436/1]. Whilst the ‘everyday’ is, of course, a temporal designator, connected to the chronology of human experience, in reality, ‘everyday life’ historians have often used a spatial frame to seek to understand past historical actors’ everyday lives, experiences and practices. Focusing on Fascist Italy and using the example of ‘bars’ and the practices of consumption, political (and other) sociability, transaction and exchanges enacted within these spaces, this article explores some of the possibilities opened up by using a spatial frame to examine everyday practices and lived experiences in a dictatorial context. Thinking about ‘everyday life’ and the lived experience of dictatorship through a spatial lens not only requires a shift in terms of the venues that we investigate, away from classic seats and sites of formal projections of power and towards those spaces – like bars – in which the ‘unofficial relations of power’ were articulated and negotiated. It also prompts us to ‘play with scales’, as Jacques Revel put it, to examine the unit of the individual body, the street, or the city not just to identify microscopic historical practices, but to understand how macroscopic structures, processes and power relations operated at the level of the everyday and vice versa, highlighting dynamic, reciprocal relationships – between institutions and individuals, state and society, centre and periphery, and among historical actors themselves – and to examine the processes of movement between these scales of experience. In this way, through the examination of interactions and practices enacted in Italian bars, the article will explore a novel facet of the ‘lived experience’ of these dictatorships and demonstrate the value in understanding dictatorships as being constructed neither exclusively ‘from above’ or ‘from below’ but both between and across these units of analysis. Publisher PDF

The development of more electrical transportation systems requires rotating machines having higher efficiency and specific power. To date, this is achieved by feeding them with rising supply voltages with higher frequencies. This generalized strategy is introducing several challenges in the correct design of the insulation that is necessary for a reliable system. A major issue to be dealt with are partial discharges, an aging mechanism that can bring insulation to failure in short times. A solution often proposed by manufacturers involves the use of the so-called corona resistant materials, which supposedly can withstand partial discharge activity. This paper investigates the possibility of using corona resistant magnet wires for electrical machines operating at reduced pressures, such as the actuators for primary control surfaces in the more electric aircraft. The results show that corona resistant insulations are characterized by an improved behavior at ground level but are not a viable option at reduced pressures.

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Разработка дизайна мобильного приложения для «Союза ÐÐµÐ·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ñ‹Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Â»Â».Данная работа посвящена исследованию особенностей разработки Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, а также созданию прототипа приложения и его визуального образа.Целью выпускной квалификационной работы является разработка мобильного приложения на базе операционной системы IOS.Задачи, которые решались в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ работы для выполнения поставленной цели:Выявление ÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ‚ÐµÐ½Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ†Ð¸Ð¹ дизайна в области Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.Проведение анализа ÑÑƒÑ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÑƒÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð² приложения.Разработка дизайнерской концепции мобильного приложения.В результате проделанной работы был разработан фирменный стиль, фирменный знак, иконки, графическая концепция и интерактивный прототип мобильного приложения для «Союза ÐÐµÐ·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ñ‹Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Â»., The subject of the final bachelor's graduate qualification work is «Development of mobile application design for the «Union of Independent Restaurateurs»».This work is devoted to researching distinctive aspects of mobile application development as well as creating a mobile app prototype and its visual identity.The purpose of this work is to develop a mobile application design based on the IOS operating system.Tasks that have been solved during the course of work in order to achieve set purpose:1. Identify the latest design tendencies in mobile application field.2. Analyze existing analogous applications.3. Develop a design concept for a mobile application.As a result of this work a corporate identity, brand name, icons, graphic concept, and interactive prototype of a mobile application for the “Union of Independent Restaurateurs” were created.

Maģistra darba “Jauna ēdināšanas uzņēmuma izveides projekts Rīgas mikrorajonā” mērķis ir veicināt ēdināšanas nozares attīstību Rīgas mikrorajonos. Darbs sastāv no trim nodaļām. Pirmajā nodaļā ir izpēte par ēdināšanas nozare Rīgā un arī veikta aptauja par ēdināšanas nozari mikrorajonos. Otrajā nodaļā ir projekta tehniski- eko-nomiskais pamatojums. Trešā nodaļa sastāv no projekta rokasgrāmatas. Maģistra darba izstrā-des rezultātā ir iegūts projekts, lai izveidotu bāru. Maģistra darbs sastāv no 78 lapām, 39 attēliem, 16 tabulām, 30 pielikumiem. Atslēgas vārdi – Bārs, ēdināšanas nozare, Rīga, Rīgas mikrorajoni, projektu vadīšana, Master theses “Project of establishment of a new catering company in Riga micro-district” goal is to encourage development in catering industry of Riga’s neighborhoods. Theses consist of three chapters The first chapter consist of research of catering indus-try in Riga’s neighborhoods. Second chapter consist of projects technic- economic justifica-tion. Third chapter consist of projects guide. As a result of the master's thesis, a project has been made to create a bar. Master thesis consists of 78 pages, 39 pictures, 16 tables, 30 annexes. Keywords – Bar, catering industry, Riga, Riga’s neighborhoods, project management.

Introduction and aims: Associations between longer-term alcohol-related conditions and licensed outlet trading hours are not well understood. We investigated the association between nightlife-goers’ likelihood of an alcohol use disorder (AUD) and their preference for bars with special permits to remain open ‘late’ (i.e., spent more time there compared to any other venue) until 2 a.m. or 3 a.m. (Friday; Saturday) or midnight (Sunday) compared to bars with ‘standard’ closing times of midnight (Friday; Saturday) or 10 p.m. (Sunday). Design and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in four major nightlife areas of Perth, Australia, in 2015–2016. We conducted weekend street intercept surveys outside bars between 8 p.m. and 3 a.m. and screened participants who reported alcohol use prior to the survey and spent more time in a bar than any other venue type (n = 667) regarding their past year drinking pattern using AUDIT-C (n = 459). We used gender-specific logistic regression models to estimate associations between AUDIT-C categories (1–4, low risk; 5–7, hazardous; 8–12, active AUD) and preference for bars with different closing times (late vs. standard). Results: A large proportion of participants were hazardous drinkers or had active AUD (83% males; 65% females), and over half preferred a late to a standard closing bar. We found evidence of a positive association between preference for late closing bars and hazardous drinking females (OR = 3.48; 95% CI 1.47–8.23; p = 0.01), but not for females with active AUD, male hazardous drinkers, nor males with active AUD. Discussion and conclusions: Our study adds new evidence on associations between likelihood of AUD among nightlife-goers and trading hours. With increasing international relaxation of trading hours, evidence that late closing bars may be preferred by hazardous drinking females will be of concern to policymakers wanting to curb alcohol-related harms in the community.

O sucesso das empresas está relacionado à satisfação de seus clientes, uma vez que satisfeitos, podem tornarem-se fidelizados. Para Alves, Barboza e Rolon (2014), a satisfação do cliente é ponto crítico em setores altamente competitivos, de modo que, clientes meramente satisfeitos podem ser atraídos, enquanto os completamente satisfeitos apresentam maior chances de fidelidade. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a satisfação e fidelização dos clientes dos bares e restaurantes do município de Júlio de Castilhos - RS no período de 2019 a 2020. Para alcançar o objetivo estabelecido, realizou-se uma survey, de natureza descritiva e abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi aplicada a 35 clientes aleatórios. A abordagem proposta utilizou-se de questionário, sendo dividido em três partes: questões sobre o perfil socioeconômico dos clientes, questões relativas ao nível de satisfação e, na sequência, a última parte, questões sobre o nível de fidelização. Para análise dos resultados foram realizados os testes ANOVA e Alfa de Cronbach, com auxílio do software SPSS 21. Espera-se que os resultados deste trabalho contribuam para o progresso do delineamento teórico e conceitual da satisfação e fidelização dos demais clientes. The success of companies is related to the satisfaction of their customers, once they are satisfied, they can become loyal. For Alves, Barboza and Rolon (2014), customer satisfaction is a critical point in highly competitive sectors, so that merely satisfied customers can be attracted, while completely satisfied customers are more likely to be loyal. In this way, the present work aimed to analyze the satisfaction and loyalty of customers of bars and restaurants in the municipality of Júlio de Castilhos - RS from 2019 to 2020. To achieve the established objective, a descriptive survey was carried out and quantitative approach. The survey was applied to 35 random customers. The proposed approach used a questionnaire, divided into three parts: questions about the socioeconomic profile of customers, questions about the level of satisfaction and, in the sequence, the last part, questions about the level of loyalty. To analyze the results, ANOVA and Cronbach's Alpha tests were performed, with the help of SPSS 21 software. It is expected that the results of this work will contribute to the progress of the theoretical and conceptual design of satisfaction and loyalty of other customers. El éxito de las empresas está relacionado con la satisfacción de sus clientes, una vez satisfechos pueden fidelizarlos. Para Alves, Barboza y Rolon (2014), la satisfacción del cliente es un punto crítico en sectores altamente competitivos, por lo que se puede atraer a clientes simplemente satisfechos, mientras que los clientes completamente satisfechos tienen más probabilidades de ser leales. De esta forma, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar la satisfacción y lealtad de los clientes de bares y restaurantes en el municipio de Júlio de Castilhos - RS de 2019 a 2020. Para lograr el objetivo establecido, se realizó una encuesta descriptiva y enfoque cuantitativo. La encuesta se aplicó a 35 clientes al azar. El enfoque propuesto utilizó un cuestionario, dividido en tres partes: preguntas sobre el perfil socioeconómico de los clientes, preguntas sobre el nivel de satisfacción y, en la secuencia, la última parte, preguntas sobre el nivel de lealtad. Para analizar los resultados se realizaron las pruebas ANOVA y Alfa de Cronbach, con ayuda del software SPSS 21. Se espera que los resultados de este trabajo contribuyan al avance del diseño teórico y conceptual de satisfacción y fidelización de otros clientes.

The evaluation of teaching effectiveness in blended learning methodologies is usually carried out using Likert-type questionnaires; however, instruments with Behavioral Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) are sometimes employed for this purpose. This paper examines the validity and reliability of an instrument with BARS designed to assess teaching effectiveness in blended learning environments, within the university setting. The research involves a sample of 1436 students from a medium size university in Spain. Using this sample (n = 1436), the authors carry out a psychometric study that consists of four phases: (1) comprehension validity analysis, (2) construct validity analysis, (3) confirmation of construct validity, and (4) analysis of the instrument reliability. The findings provide satisfactory values for all the parameters analyzed (for instance: Variance explained = 77.61%; RMSEA = 0.042; or Cronbach’s alpha = 0.956), indicating that the BARS instrument examined is perfectly valid and reliable for the appraisal of teaching effectiveness in blended learning methodologies. The authors conclude that this paper fills an important gap in the literature by presenting an instrument that, thanks to the use of behavioral scales, facilitates this task in the university context.

The near surface mounted (NSM) method of inserting fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) elements (rods or lamina) into notches has been shown to be a good way for restoring reinforced concrete (RC) elements. The knowledge about the use of Glass-FRP rod following the NSM to reinforce RC beams is limited. This paper deals with the analysis of static and dynamic behaviour of RC beams with and without strengthening. The response of RC beams was assessed at different concrete’s damage level by non-destructive vibration tests. First, a couple of beams have been analysed: one RC beam subjected to bending and under vibration tests; another one beam, damaged by bending and strengthened with NSM Carbon-FRP rods tested again under vibration. Further, one RC beam damage was analysed under bending and vibration tests without strengthening; successively, the beam model with NSM GFRP rod has been tested following the same loading path. Below experimental results are shown and commented; in particular, changes in frequency values are related to the evolution of damage level affected RC beams with NSM CFRP and GFRP rods.

Treballs Finals del Grau de d'Administració i Direcció d'Empreses, Facultat d'Economia i Empresa, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2020-2021, Tutor: Miguel Ángel Navarro Brion, En el presente trabajo de final de grado se estudia la viabilidad económica y financiera de un negocio a través de la metodología de un plan de empresa. Maria’s café se presenta como persona jurídica que, catalogando sus servicios como propios de una cafetería para perros y sus propietarios, desarrollará su objeto social en el municipio de Montmeló.

[Resumo] O lazer é direito social e fator importante para efetiva qualidade de vida. Entende-se, portanto, que os espaços de lazer devem estar prontos para receber diferentes públicos, incluindo pessoas com deficiência ou mobilidade reduzida. Este trabalho objetivou analisar as condições de acessibilidade física em bares da cidade de Fortaleza-CE, consolidada como um dos destinos turísticos mais procurados no Brasil, tanto por suas praias, como também pelos espaços noturnos de lazer. Foram analisados os bares inscritos na Associação Brasileira de Bares e Restaurantes no Ceará (Abrasel–CE), com uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, de caráter qualitativo. Os dados foram recolhidos por meio de questionário digital construído a partir dos Recursos de Acessibilidade (Ministério do Turismo) entre maio e julho de 2020. Concluiu-se que, apesar de alguns estabelecimentos apresentarem parte dos Recursos de Acessibilidade, a acessibilidade nos bares de Fortaleza é questionável. Porém, identificando-se essas falhas, inicia-se o processo de resolução desse problema. [Resumen] El ocio es un derecho social de todos y un factor importante para una efectiva calidad de vida. Los espacios de ocio deben estar preparados para recibir a todos los públicos, incluidas las personas con discapacidad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las condiciones de accesibilidad física en bares y sus alrededores en la ciudad de Fortaleza-CE. Es uno de los destinos turísticos más buscados de Brasil, no solo por sus playas, sino también por sus lugares de ocio nocturno. Se analizaron los bares registrados en la Asociación Brasileña de Bares y Restaurantes en Ceará (Abrasel-CE) con una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria y descriptiva. Los datos se recopilaron mediante formulario digital construido a partir de los Recursos de Accesibilidad (Ministerio de Turismo) entre los meses de mayo y julio de 2020. Aunque algunos establecimientos tienen parte de los Recursos de Accesibilidad, se concluyó que la accesibilidad en los bares de Fortaleza es cuestionable. Sin embargo, con la identificación de estos fallos se entiende que se da un primer paso para la resolución de este problema. [Abstract] Leisure is a social right and has a major influence on effective quality of life. Leisure spaces should accommodate users of all conditions, including people with disabilities. The aim of this article is to analyse the standard of accessibility in bars in the city of Fortaleza (Brazil). Fortaleza is one of the most sought-after tourist destinations in Brazil, not only for its beaches, but also for its night-time leisure spots. The study focuses on a selection of bars from the Brazilian Association of Bars and Restaurants, and uses an exploratory-descriptive qualitative research approach. Data were collected using an online questionnaire based on the accessibility resources recommended by the Ministry for Tourism, which was applied between the months of May and July 2020. The results of the survey reveal a certain level of compliance with the Ministry’s recommendations, but a clear majority of bars that do not, thus highlighting the need for significant improvement and solutions in this regard.

This study assessed the spatial dependence of daily tobacco consumption and how it is spatially impacted by individual and neighborhood socioeconomic determinants, and tobacco consumption facilities before and after a smoke-free implementation. Individual data was obtained from the Bus Sante ', a cross-sectional survey in Geneva. Spatial clusters of high and low tobacco consumption were assessed using Getis-Ord Gi*. Daily tobacco consumption was not randomly clustered in Geneva and may be impacted by tobacco consumption facilities independently of socioeconomic factors and a smoking ban. Spatial analysis should be considered to highlight the impact of smoke-free policies and guide public health interventions.

This work is a tribute to the bars and openwork blocks that formed the city between the fifties and seventies of the twentieth century, and now are being discarded. Along these architectural details, a permeable and creative way of separating the public and private space that allowed the fluid exchange between passers-by and dwellers disappears.

IntroductionWhile studies have been undertaken to understand the adoption of outdoor and indoor smoking bans, not much is known about why implementation of smoke-free (SF) environments differs at local levels. As most European countries remain at the level of indoor bans, we aim to translate existing evidence into practical recommendations on how to improve SF (outdoor) implementation within European municipalities.MethodsWe applied six methodological steps of a realist review consistent with the RAMESES publication standards for realist syntheses. Literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science. In total, 3829 references were screened, of which 43 were synthesized. Studies dating from 2004 to 2015 with rigor evidence of SF implementation at the local level were selected. Implementation outcomes were SF enforcement, monitoring, nonsmoking compliance, and public support in cities.ResultsThe explanatory realist framework links four innovation stages with three context-mechanism-outcome (CMO)configurations. We identified “triggering trust,” “increasing priorities,” and “limiting opposing interests” as underlying mechanisms, when (1) establishing, (2) developing, (3) contesting, and (4) implementing local smoking bans. The CMO propositions (CMOs) support practical recommendations, such as (1) providing authorities with local data when establishing and developing bans, (2) developing long-term strategies and implementing state-funded SF programs to prioritize sustained enforcement, and (3) limiting opposing interests through the use of the child protection frame.ConclusionsThis is the first realist review on the implementation of SF enviroments at the local level. The process-oriented theory explains how and why CMOs determine SF development in cities and municipalities from planning until implementation.ImplicationsIn 2015, only 16% of the world’s population lived under the jurisdiction of comprehensive SF laws. The findings of this realist review are useful to implement WHO goals of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and specifically SF environments at more local levels and to adjust them to specific contextual circumstances. This paper unpacks three mechanisms that could be triggered by SF strategies developed at local levels and that can result in improved policy implementation. Such evidence is needed to enhance SF strategies at the level of cities and municipalities and to achieve WHO “Healthy Cities Network” objectives.

Measuring cross-shore profiles is very important in coastal engineering studies, since the cross-shore profile determines the behavior of the sea in the coastal area and determines the process of depth changes in this region. As a result of waves, cross-shore profiles change, which will vary in stormy waves (erosion profile) in compare to normal wave conditions (cumulative profile). Considering the great changes in the Caspian Sea level, the purposes of this study are to investigate and determine the erosion or accumulation of coastal profiles based on Sunamura and Horikawaꞌs studies , determine the number of bars in profiles by Short and Aagaardꞌs equations and also determine the relations between coastal parameters with the wave steepness and changes in water level. The results show that for all the coastal areas in the Caspian Sea, the C-parameter is above 8; in other word a stormy erosional nature is dominant. Also according to -parameter, for all regions the values are above 100 which means a very high possibility to form multi bars profiles (three bars) very high. As the wave's steepness rises, the location of the formation of the bars moves toward the coast, and the depth of water decreases at the beginning and the ends of the bars; also, in terms of lowering in the water level with the change in the height of the waves, the position and the geometric shape of the bars will not follow a certain trend

Results from computational morphodynamics modeling of coupled flow-bed-sediment systems are described for 10 applications as a review of recent advances in the field. Each of these applications is drawn from solvers included in the public-domain International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC) software package. For mesoscale river features such as bars, predictions of alternate and higher mode river bars are shown for flows with equilibrium sediment supply and for a single case of oversupplied sediment. For microscale bed features such as bedforms, computational results are shown for the development and evolution of two-dimensional bedforms using a simple closure-based two-dimensional model, for two- and three-dimensional ripples and dunes using a three-dimensional large-eddy simulation flow model coupled to a physics-based particle transport model, and for the development of bed streaks using a three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver with a simple sediment-transport treatment. Finally, macroscale or channel evolution treatments are used to examine the temporal development of meandering channels, a failure model for cantilevered banks, the effect of bank vegetation on channel width, the development of channel networks in tidal systems, and the evolution of bedrock channels. In all examples, computational morphodynamics results from iRIC solvers compare well to observations of natural bed morphology. For each of the three scales investigated here, brief suggestions for future work and potential research directions are offered.

Anchorage of shear reinforcement, such as links or stirrups, can be performed by providing hooks, bends or heads at their ends, by welding transverse reinforcement or by closing open stirrups with pins. Hooks and bends, also used to enhance the anchorage of flexural reinforcement at the end regions of beams and slabs, have often been preferred because of their simple and cost-effective production. Such anchorages present nevertheless several peculiarities that shall be accounted for. They are relatively sensitive to their detailing (mandrel diameter, length of the tail segment between bar end and bent region) as well as to the cracking state of the surrounding concrete. Also, brittle failures can occur due to spalling of the concrete cover in case of bars near to a free surface. The anchorage with hooks and bends is currently still widely designed according to old detailing rules, based on the results of tests performed in many cases with materials whose properties are significantly different than those of nowadays. Also, no mechanical models are available for a consistent verification and detailing, acknowledging the different potential failure modes and their interaction with the surrounding concrete. In an effort to provide a consistent approach to its design and verification, this paper presents an investigation addressed at understanding the mechanical response and performance of bend and hook anchorages. To that aim, the results of an experimental programme performed with state-of-the-art instrumentation are introduced. By means of analysis of Digital Image Correlation and Fibre-Optic Measurements, the complete transfer of forces is analysed under different circumstances. On that basis, a consistent mechanical model is developed and validated, also reproducing a large variety of tests found in the literature. The paper introduces eventually several practical considerations on the activation of shear reinforcement in beams, and the level of performance required at its anchorages.

Esta pesquisa trata da sociabilidade noturna presente em bares, armaz?ns, quiosques e caf?s da cidade de Pelotas na d?cada de 1930. Parte-se da hip?tese de que esses espa?os constitu?ram pontos de intera??o entre estratos sociais distintos, sensivelmente impactados pelo contexto de adensamento da vida noturna impulsionada pela acelera??o da eletrifica??o. Objetivou-se demonstrar como a inser??o das massas trabalhadoras em uma economia em processo de diversifica??o promoveu tamb?m a propaga??o de imagin?rios sociais ambivalentes a respeito das noites de embriaguez, jogos e brigas vinculadas aos bares e amplamente reportadas pela imprensa. A atua??o policial, pr?xima dos h?bitos das classes populares, por vezes se confundia com a l?gica informal que pautava as disputas masculinas nestes locais. Sem constituir momento exclusivo desta sociabilidade, o tempo noturno, contudo, lhe conferia caracter?sticas singulares, pois agregava usos e significa??es diferentes em rela??o ?s pr?ticas diurnas nesses espa?os. Ao atentar para um h?bito de longa dura??o nas culturas modernas e contempor?neas, buscou-se compreender o quanto de suas configura??es locais ? situadas no espa?o e no tempo ? revelam sobre diferentes din?micas de experi?ncia da noite presentes na cidade, seus confrontos internos e suas estrat?gias perante a justi?a formal, percorrendo, tamb?m, os imagin?rios sociais que cercavam estes h?bitos. This research deals with the nighttime sociability present in bars, general stores, kiosks and cafes in the city of Pelotas in the 1930s. It is assumed that these spaces constituted points of interaction between different social strata, significantly impacted by the context of densification of nightlife driven by the acceleration of electrification. The aim was to demonstrate how the insertion of the working masses in an economy in the process of diversification also promoted the propagation of ambivalent representations about the nights of drunkenness, games and fights linked to bars and widely reported by the press. Police action, close to the habits of popular classes, was sometimes confused with the informal logic that guided male disputes in these places. Without being an exclusive moment of this sociability, the night time, however, gave it unique characteristics, since it added different uses and meanings comparatively to the daytime practices in these spaces. When looking at a long-lasting habit in modern and contemporary cultures, we sought to understand how much their local configurations ??? situated in space and time ??? reveal about different dynamics of night experience present in the city, their internal confrontations and their strategies before formal justice, also going through the social imaginary that surrounded these habits. Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected virtually every region in the world. At the time of this study, the number of daily new cases in the United States was greater than that in any other country, and the trend was increasing in most states. Google Trends provides data regarding public interest in various topics during different periods. Analyzing these trends using data mining methods may provide useful insights and observations regarding the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective The objective of this study is to consider the predictive ability of different search terms not directly related to COVID-19 with regard to the increase of daily cases in the United States. In particular, we are concerned with searches related to dine-in restaurants and bars. Data were obtained from the Google Trends application programming interface and the COVID-19 Tracking Project. Methods To test the causation of one time series on another, we used the Granger causality test. We considered the causation of two different search query trends related to dine-in restaurants and bars on daily positive cases in the US states and territories with the 10 highest and 10 lowest numbers of daily new cases of COVID-19. In addition, we used Pearson correlations to measure the linear relationships between different trends. Results Our results showed that for states and territories with higher numbers of daily cases, the historical trends in search queries related to bars and restaurants, which mainly occurred after reopening, significantly affected the number of daily new cases on average. California, for example, showed the most searches for restaurants on June 7, 2020; this affected the number of new cases within two weeks after the peak, with a P value of .004 for the Granger causality test. Conclusions Although a limited number of search queries were considered, Google search trends for restaurants and bars showed a significant effect on daily new cases in US states and territories with higher numbers of daily new cases. We showed that these influential search trends can be used to provide additional information for prediction tasks regarding new cases in each region. These predictions can help health care leaders manage and control the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on society and prepare for its outcomes.

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-established tool for detecting and locating reinforcing bars (rebars) in concrete structures. However, using GPR to quantify the diameter of rebars is a challenging problem that current processing approaches fail to tackle. To that extent, we have developed a novel machine learning framework that can estimate the diameter of the investigated rebar within the resolution range of the employed antenna. The suggested approach combines neural networks and a random forest regression and has been trained entirely using synthetic data. Although the training process relied only on numerical training sets, nonetheless, the suggested scheme is successfully evaluated with real data indicating the generalization capabilities of the resulting regression. The only required input of the proposed technique is a single A-scan, avoiding laborious measurement configurations and multisensor approaches. In addition, the results are provided in real time and making this method practical and commercially appealing.

Attention-based Transformer models have been increasingly employed for automatic music generation. To condition the generation process of such a model with a user-specified sequence, a popular approach is to take that conditioning sequence as a priming sequence and ask a Transformer decoder to generate a continuation. However, this prompt-based conditioning cannot guarantee that the conditioning sequence would develop or even simply repeat itself in the generated continuation. In this paper, we propose an alternative conditioning approach, called theme-based conditioning, that explicitly trains the Transformer to treat the conditioning sequence as a thematic material that has to manifest itself multiple times in its generation result. This is achieved with two main technical contributions. First, we propose a deep learning-based approach that uses contrastive representation learning and clustering to automatically retrieve thematic materials from music pieces in the training data. Second, we propose a novel gated parallel attention module to be used in a sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) encoder/decoder architecture to more effectively account for a given conditioning thematic material in the generation process of the Transformer decoder. We report on objective and subjective evaluations of variants of the proposed Theme Transformer and the conventional prompt-based baseline, showing that our best model can generate, to some extent, polyphonic pop piano music with repetition and plausible variations of a given condition., Comment: to be published at IEEE Transactions on Multimedia

Se presenta una guía gastronómica de bares y restaurantes de Catalunya (1977-2019), completada con otras actividades de interés. Autor foto pág. 140: Josep Palanqués. Es presenta una guia gastronòmica de bars i restaurants de Catalunya (1977-2019), completada amb altres activitats d'interès. Autor foto pág. 140: Josep Palanqués.

Technology and equipment for breaking the sharpened ends of fuel pipes with bending during coiled drawing on a self-aligning mandrel have been developed. A brief overview of the methods for cutting round bars and pipes is presented, their main advantages, disadvantages and the scope of application are considered. It is suggested to use the fatigue fracture effect for bending breakage of sharpened ends of steel thick-walled pipes. The research problem is to investigate the process under cyclic loads. The possibility of applying the known provisions of calculating theory of strength analysis for low-cycle fatigue for this process is tested. A comparative assessment of theoretical and experimental data is given and their significant difference is established. New calculated dependences are proposed and are in good agreement with the experimental data. The theoretical estimation of the breakage process productivity has been carried out. Different variants of breakage device constructions with the analysis of their work peculiarities have been proposed. Based on the results of the analysis for implementing continuous process of breaking the pointed ends of thick-walled fuel pipes in drawing in coils and a diagram of the mechanism for breaking pipe ends with its supply from coils are selected. The pipes samples obtained by brittle cyclic bending are presented. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

[ES] El objetivo de la arquitectura no debe ser diseñar edificios ¿atractivos¿. Debe responder a aspectos más necesarios como son la funcionalidad, la eficiencia económica, la sostenibilidad¿entre otros. Para ello, el Milstein Hall, edificio diseñado por la prestigiosa firma de arquitectura OMA, es un excelente ejemplo que tiene mucho que demostrar en cuanto a la innovación en su diseño, el cual fomenta la interacción entre distintos ámbitos, actividades, optimizando la relación de este con el entorno. La estrategia en cuanto al diseño estructural y constructivo revela la eficacia en cuanto a las medidas adoptadas, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades del edificio, las condiciones del entorno y el programa que alberga. Medidas que también impulsan el compromiso del lugar con el desarrollo sostenible. En este trabajo, principalmente se desarrolla el estudio del diseño estructural del edificio, ya que su estructura genera incógnitas sobre su comportamiento que se pretenden resolver y explicar, y también dar a conocer otras opciones y porque esta ha sido la elegida y diseñada por OMA para el sistema estructural del Milstein Hall., [EN] The goal of architecture should not be to design "attractive" buildings. It must respond to more necessary aspects such as functionality, economic efficiency, sustainability ... among others. For this, the Milstein Hall, a building designed by the prestigious architecture firm OMA, is an excellent example that has much to demonstrate in terms of innovation in its design, which encourages interaction between different areas, activities, optimizing the relationship of this with the environment. The strategy in terms of structural and construction design reveals the effectiveness in terms of the measures adopted, considering the needs of the building, the surrounding conditions, and the program it houses. Measures that also drive the site's commitment to sustainable development. In this work, the study of the structural design of the building is mainly developed, since its structure generates unknowns about its behaviour that are intended to be solved and explained, and also to make known other options and because this has been chosen and designed by OMA for the structural system of Milstein Hall.

Object of research of article is the drawing of bars plate in the refiners at refining of chips and wood pulp. On the basis of the theory of contact interaction of bars influence of the drawing of plate on characteristics of contact processes is investigated. The friction coefficient between plate decreases at increase in density of contact of bars. At increase in an angle of crossing of bars rotor and stator and refining of pulp with concentration up to 6% the coefficient of friction decreases. At increase in an angle of crossing of bars chips and pulp with concentration over 10% the coefficient of friction increases. Therefore it is recommended to increase the angle of crossing of bars rotor and stator at refining of pulp of low concentration, and at refining of pulp of concentration over 10% and chips - to reduce, up to a radial arrangement. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

Nanocrystalline alloys have been recently considered as an alternative to ferrite as the magnetic cores in inductive power transfer systems due to their superior properties such as higher saturation flux density and permeability. They are also less brittle, more stable to temperature variations, and have a higher thermal conductivity. To take advantage of these properties, a dedicated design approach is required, different from the one used for ferrite cores. In this article, special considerations and methods for the design of nanocrystalline ribbon cores are presented. An 11.1-kW pad is designed and compared with one with identical ferrite cores. Results show that IPT pads with nanocrystalline ribbon cores yield superior magnetic performance in terms of inductances and coupling factors. Higher efficiency and power density were also achieved with the proposed design. Furthermore, compared to ferrite-based pads, they showed lower leakage flux and a superior stability to temperature variations.

The ORION chipset, a full-custom multi-chip readout and processing electronics for the X-γ Imaging Spectrometer (XGIS) on-board the THESEUS space mission, is presented. The XGIS detection plane is arranged in a matrix of 10×10 detection modules, each one composed by 64 CsI(Tl) scintillation bars (4.5 mm×4.5 mm×30 mm) optically coupled at the top and bottom ends to two 8×8 monolithic Silicon Drift Detector matrices. The top SDD, exposed to the X-ray entrance window, performs the double function of low-energy X-ray detection as well as scintillator’s readout, together with the bottom SDD, providing a detection and spectroscopic energy range from 2 keV up to 20 MeV. The need to achieve a high energy resolution, as well as a high sensitive area on the detection plane, led to the development of a chipset organized to have a minimum-area analog readout chip placed in close proximity of the SDD (ORION-FE) and a mixed-signal back-end (ORION-BE) placed a few centimeters further on the back-end board for the additional signal processing and digitization. The multi-chip readout electronics integrates two dedicated analog processors for low-energy photons up to 30 keV (X-processor) and high-energy photons up to 5 MeV (γ-processor), allowing a spectroscopy-grade resolution in the 4 decades energy band (2 keV–20 MeV) of the XGIS, with a simulated power consumption of 1.55 mW/pixel. The ORION prototype was bonded to two ~25mm2 SDDs, and extensively characterized in terms of pulse shaping, pulse discrimination and stretching functionality, as well as linearity, dynamic range and spectroscopic resolution. An optimum Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC) at –20°C of 24.3 el. r.m.s. on the X-channel (212 eV FWHM on Si), and 39.6 el. r.m.s. on the γ-channel (3.7 keV FWHM on CsI(Tl)) has been recorded.