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In this study, 292 female fig genotypes, (including foreign origins) in the fig field gene bank, were evaluated for qualitative characteristics in IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) definitions. These features are tree growth (tree growth power, branching, shoot length, etc.), leaf (leaf area, shape, number of lobes, etc.), fruit (fruit weight, color, ostiole opening, flesh thickness, etc.). Generally, non-metric definitions of these features were classified between certain ranges and expressed as percentage. For example; tree growth of genotypes was observed to be strong in 33% , and, apical dominance was determined in 17% of the genotypes. 60% of the genotypes have a medium (10-20cm) shoot length and, leaf area varies between 250-400cm2 in %53 . The color of the fruits was determined as yellow in 34%, green in 32%, purple in 21% and black in 13% of genotypes. Within the scope of this continuous project, the collection of multiple data continues., Bu çalışmada, incir arazi gen bankasında bulunan yabancı orijinliler de dahil olmak üzere 292 dişi incir genotipi, IPGRI (Uluslararası Bitki Genetik Kaynakları Enstitüsü) tanımlamalarındaki nitel özellikler yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Bu özellikler ağaç gelişimi (ağaç büyüme gücü, dallanma, sürgün uzunluğu vb.), yaprak (yaprak alanı, şekli, lopların sayısı vb.), meyve (meyve ağırlığı, rengi, ostiol genişliği, tabla kalınlığı vb.) özellikleridir. Genellikle bu özelliklere ait metrik olmayan tanımlamalar belirli aralıklar arasında sınıflandırılarak, %’de olarak ifade edilmiştir. Örneğin; ağaç gelişiminin genotiplerin %33’ünde kuvvetli olduğu saptanmış, %17’sinde apikal dominansi görülmüştür. Genotiplerin %60’ı orta (10-20cm) sürgün uzunluğuna sahip olup, yaprak alanı %53’ünde 250-400cm2 arasında değişmektedir. Meyvelerin rengi, genotiplerin %34’ünde sarı, %32’sinde yeşil, %21’inde mor ve %13’ünde siyah olarak saptanmıştır. Bu sürekli proje kapsamında, çoklu verilerin alınmasına devam edilmektedir.

Conventional fuels are not renewable resources and are getting depleted day by day. In addition, the by-products of the combustion of these fuels cause environmental problems. This situation, which threatens the world, has led to the search for new energy sources. Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, creates a potential for solving these problems. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, with the highest energy content per weight of all conventional fuels. But unlike conventional fuels, hydrogen is not easily found in nature and is produced from primary energy sources. Therefore, it is a renewable fuel. When used in a fuel cell, only water is produced as a by-product. From this point of view, when compared to any fuel, it stands out as a fuel with the highest energy content and does not contain carbon. The biggest problem in using hydrogen gas as a fuel is that it is not found in nature and economically cheap production methods are needed. Hydrogen can be produced in two different ways, biological and chemical. Chemical methods are not preferred because they are costly. Biological methods, on the other hand, are low-cost, sustainable, environmentally friendly methods. In this study, information of hydrogen energy and its historical development is given. Thus, a projection is made for the importance and future of hydrogen energy. Then, hydrogen production methods are explained and compared. In addition, information about hydrogen storage types is given.

El proyecto de innovación que se presenta en este trabajo tiene como finalidad reforzar y poner en valor la formación inicial online de los docentes (hombres y mujeres) como agentes impulsores del cambio social. En este sentido, se plantean dos objetivos principales, que se concretan, a su vez, en objetivos secundarios, así como una serie de tareas específicas determinantes para la formación inicial del docente en entornos online. El primero de ellos aborda la necesidad de formar profesionales con un claro perfil crítico, reflexivo y consciente de la responsabilidad social y moral que supone la profesión docente. El segundo, por su parte, tiene como meta el refuerzo y la optimización del periodo de prácticas externas por ser un aspecto determinante en la formación inicial docente. Este proyecto de innovación comenzó en enero de 2021 y tuvo una duración de un año. En él participó un equipo multidisciplinar de docentes de las distintas áreas de conocimiento (pedagogía, psicología, geografía e historia, lingüística y literatura) de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y la Educación de la Universidad a Distancia de Madrid, UDIMA. Sus integrantes unieron sinergias para el trabajo colaborativo a través de la metodología denominada «investigación-acción», de carácter eminentemente práctico y enfocada al aula virtual. Los primeros resultados que arroja el presente proyecto apuntan a la necesidad de un cambio metodológico y de recursos didácticos en la formación inicial docente online.

Özel tanımlamaların dışında şairlerin manzumelerinde kullandıkları ve takma ad olarak bilinen mahlas, mahlas beyti veya mahlashâne denilen özel bir bölümde kullanılır. Şairin sanat ve dünya görüşü adına pek çok değerlendirmelerine ev sahipliği yapan bu bölüm; verilecek mesajın etki derecesini artırma gayretli, şairin rol ve kimlik değişmelerine de sahne olur. Değişik kimlikler ve bunlara uygun davranma modeli olan rollerin bu bölümlerdeki çeşitliliğini, değişen semantik dengeyi ve kullanılan söz varlığını tespit etmek çalışmanın amacıdır. Bu amaca hizmet etmek için sadece tekke şairlerinin manzumeleri hedef alınmıştır. Bunda ilâhî mesajı, toplumun tüm kesimlerine ulaştırma hassasiyetini taşıyan mutasavvıfın çok yönlü kimliğini kullanmadaki gayreti mühimdir. Seçilen model beyitler, kullanılan mahlaslar üzerinden kimlik ve roller üzerinden fişlemeye tabi tutulmuş ve tartışma bu mahlaslar merkezli yürütülmüştür. Çalışmayla sȗfî şairlerin mahlasını hangi kimlik ve rol çerçevesinde icra ettiğinin tespiti yanında bu çabanın şiirin anlamsal kurgusuna ve kullanılan sözcük dağarcığının seçimine olan katkısı gözler önüne serilmiştir. Bu cümleden; mutasavvıf şairlerin mesajın doğru ve etkili verilmesini öncelleme gayretine hizmet eden bu çabanın ilgililerin dikkatine sunulması mühimdir.

Aims: To evaluate the effects of raloxifene treatment on uterus in asymptomatic postmenopausal patients by Doppler transvaginal ultrasonography (TvUS). Methods: Randomized controlled prospective study, 57 healthy postmenopausal asymptomatic patients, aged 45-60, who applied Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic between 2003-2004. Four patients were excluded from the study because they did not apply the treatment regularly. All of the patients were in natural menopause. They had not received any hormone replacement therapy before. Their body mass index (BMI) was below 30 kg/m2 and had no systemic diseases. The patients were divided into two groups as those who received raloxifene (n: 27) and those who did not (n: 26). Raloxifene was given 60 mg/day for 6 months. In all patients enrolled in the study, endometrial and uterine volume, pulsatility (PI) and resistance indices (RI) were evaluated by TvUS Doppler. Endometrial biopsies (EB) were obtained with pipelle at 0 and 6 months. Results: There was no significant difference in terms of age, height, weight and BMI (p

Aim: In frozen-thawed embryo transfers (FET), Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonists have recently been used to improve implantation results. It is preferred to administer it in the luteal phase of the previous cycle. The objective was to compare the effects of different administration days of depot GnRH agonists on implantation and pregnancy rates in the artificial cycle of FET. Material and Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) center in a university hospital, including all women starting an artificial cycle of FET. One thousand two hundred and twenty-seven (n:1227) FET cycles were scanned from the files from October 2014 to December 2021. Depot agonists (Lucrin depot 3.75 mg sc Abbott USA.-leuprolide acetate) were used in 219 patients with endometriosis. In 58 patients, it was administered on day 21 of the previous cycle (Group 1), and in 161 patients, it was administered on day 2 of the same cycle (Group 2). Results: This study showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in laboratory parameters and endometrial thickness (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant association between the abort rate and transfer day (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant association between the pregnancy results and transfer day (p>0.05). The ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) rate was relatively high in the second group compared to the twenty-first day of the previous cycle (87/161(54%) vs. 30/58 (51.7%)). The biochemical pregnancy was relatively high in the second-day group compared to the twenty-first day of the previous cycle (62/161(38.5%) vs. 21/58 (36.2%)). The abort rate was relatively high in the twenty-first-day group compared to the second day of the cycle (25/87(28.75%) vs. 9/30(30%)). Conclusion: In conclusion, the impacts of various administration days of depot Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists on implantation and pregnancy rates were not statistically significant.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between R-spondin1 (RSPO1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) levels with insulin resistance (IR) and other parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material and Method: This case-control prospective observational study was carried out on 84 patients admitted to the University of Health Sciences Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and IVF Clinic and Medistate Hospital Gynecology and IVF Clinic between September 2020 and June 2021. Women aged 18-36 years diagnosed with infertility and PCOS constituted the PCOS group. Women who were diagnosed with infertility but not PCOS formed the control group. Cases were divided according to their body mass index (BMI) values into obese (BMI≥25) and non-obese (BMI

This study aimed to determine the impact of vitamin D deficiency on Pap smear test results in women in the postmenopausal period. This cross-sectional study included 394 women who applied to İstanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital gynecology and obstetric clinic for routine Pap smear tests. This study was conducted between May 2019 and December 2020. Cases were divided into severe deficiency (30 ng/ml) according to the vitamin D levels measured in the postmenopausal period within the scope of check-up examinations. Pap smear test results compared with vitamin D levels. The mean age of the study group was 48.70±3.46 years. There was a statistically significant association between vitamin D values and Pap smear test results (p

To reveal whether hysteroscopic removal of FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) types 0 and 1 fibroids makes any changes in the expression of homeobox genes, leukemia inhibitory factor and nuclear factor-kappa B.A case-control study.University-based IVF center.This study consisted of a total of 29 participants, 21 with FIGO types 0 and 1 fibroids and 8 with normal uterine cavity without fibroids.Patients in FIGO types 0 and 1 fibroids group underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy. The patients in the control group underwent laparoscopic tubal ligation. Endometrial cells were collected by flushing method from all participants before and 3 months after myomectomy. Real-time PCR was used to detect HOXA10, HOXA11, and LIF mRNA expression in endometrial flusing samples. The relative expressions of homeobox and LIF mRNA were calculated with comparative ΔCt method. Endometrial NF-kB concentration was measured quantitatively by ELISA.To compare endometrial HOXA10, HOXA11 and LIF mRNA expressions as well as endometrial NF-kB concentration before and after myomectomy.Pre-myomectomy NF-kB levels of type 0 (4.22±1.02 ng/mL) and type 1 fibroid (6.44±2.30 ng/mL) were significantly higher than the values of control group (0.54±0.10 ng/mL, p0.01). Surgical removal of type 0 and 1 fibroids resulted in a significant decrease in endometrial NF-kB levels (1.33±0.02 ng/mL vs 1.65±0.27 ng/mL, respectively). In the Type 0 fibroid group, after myomectomy, there was a 11.1-fold (p0.01) increase in HOXA10 mRNA, 4.23-fold (p0.03) in HOXA11 mRNA, and 7.63-fold in LIF mRNA (p0.01). In the Type 1 fibroid group, after myomectomy, there was a 16.3-fold (p0.01) increase in HOXA10 mRNA, 8.34-fold (p0.01) in HOXA11 mRNA, and 9.38-fold in LIF mRNA (p0.02). A non-significant change was detected in homeobox and LIF mRNA after tubal sterilization. A negative and significant correlation was found between endometrial NF-kB and HOXA10 (r=-0.67, p0.03), HOXA11 (r=-0.71, p0.01) and LIF (r=-0.54, p0.01).High proinflammatory NF-kB and low homeobox and LIF mRNA expression detected in the presence of type 0 or 1 fibroids returned to normal after hysteroscopic myomectomy.

The metabolism is reprogrammed in cancer cells to meet the requirement of their malignant properties. Some specific metabolites can contribute to the malignant transformation in different cancer types. This study aimed to determine the level of glucose, pyruvate, lactate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG), 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate in the different tissues (tumor, colon, brain, and liver) of xenograft models generated by a colon adenocarcinoma cell line (SW480). Glucose and pyruvate levels were determined by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method and pyruvate assay, respectively. The level of other metabolites was determined by the HPLC analysis. The results show that D-2-HG is highly produced in the tumor tissues (120.2 mg/L), but it could not be detected in liver tissue. In conclusion, TCA and Cori cycles and Glycolysis were investigated in the different tissues of colon cancer xenograft models and found that some metabolites produced tissue-specific.

Purpose: Breastfeeding is important with regard to public health. Our aim was to examine effects of spousal support in the early postpartum period on breastfeeding motivation in patriarchal societies.Material and Methods: Study was descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design. Study was conducted in a pediatrics outpatient clinic of University Hospital in Inland Anatolia Region in Turkey. It included primiparous (n=145) and multiparous (n=152) women. Data were collected by using Demographic Data Collection Form, The Scale of Perceived Spousal Support among Women in the Early Postpartum Period and The Breastfeeding Motivation Scale. Descriptive and Simple linear regression analyses were conducted in this study.Results: Analysis showed a significant positive, moderate relation between spousal support and breastfeeding motivation in the primiparous women; spousal support accounted for 23.8% of breastfeeding motivation of the women. There was a significant, positive weak relation between spousal support and breastfeeding motivation in the multiparous women; spousal support explained 8.2% of breastfeeding motivation in these women.Conclusion: Spousal support in the early postpartum period was found to have a positive influence on improvement of breastfeeding motivation. However, it could explain a small percentage of breastfeeding motivation. New strategies should be created to encourage spouses to get involved in breastfeeding.

Aim: The study aims to retrospectively evaluate the laparoscopy results of patients who underwent laparoscopy with chronic pelvic pain (CPPS) diagnosis in two groups of fertile and infertile patients.Material and Method: This retrospective study examined the electronic records of 170 patients who underwent laparoscopy due to CPPS were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: the CPPS and unexplained infertility group (n: 87) as the case group and the CPPS fertile group (n: 83) as the control group. Women aged 25-40 years with unexplained infertility and CPPS were included in the study. Results: Results found a statistically significant association between infertility in women and laparoscopy results (p0.05). There was no statistically significant association between women’s infertility and smoking status (p>0.05). Mann-Whitney test did not find a statistically significant association between case and control regarding age and body mass index (BMI) (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of the duration of pain (p, Amaç: Çalışmamız, kronik pelvik ağrı (KPAS) tanısı ile laparoskopi yapılan hastaların laparoskopi sonuçlarını fertil ve infertil olmak üzere iki grupta retrospektif olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, KPAS nedeniyle laparoskopi yapılan 170 hastanın elektronik kayıtları incelendi. Hastalar vaka grubu olarak KPAS ve açıklanamayan infertilite grubu (n: 87) ve kontrol grubu olarak KPAS fertil grubu (n: 83) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. 25-40 yaş arası açıklanamayan infertilite ve KPAS olan kadınlar çalışmaya dahil edildi.Bulgular: Kadınlarda infertilite ile laparoskopi sonuçları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki buldu (p0,05). Kadınların infertilitesi ile sigara içme durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (p>0,05). Mann-Whitney testi, yaş ve vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) açısından olgu ve kontrol arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulmadı (p>0,05). Ağrı süresi açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p

This study aims to evaluate the effects of the new generation light curing devices and different adhesive systems on the shear repair strength between amalgam and resin composite. Ninety-six square-shaped amalgam (Cavex Non Gamma-2; Cavex Holland BV, Haarlem, the Netherlands) samples were prepared. The amalgam surfaces were polished with 600-grit abrasive paper. The prepared amalgam samples were divided into four groups (Single Bond Universal, 3M ESPE; Adper Easy One, 3M ESPE; Prebond SE, President Dental; OptiBond All-in-One, Kerr) according to the adhesive brand. Each adhesive group was divided into two subgroups according to the 3rd generation light curing devices (Elipar DeepCure-S [3M ESPE, USA], VALO Cordless [Ultradent, USA]) (n = 12). Microhybrid composite cylinders of 3 mm height and 2 mm diameter were placed on the amalgam surfaces by layered method with a silicone mold (Dynamic Plus; President Dental, Germany). Each layer was polymerized with a group specific light curing device. The samples were incubated in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h before the shear-bond-strength test. The shear bond strength test was accomplished using a universal testing device. Statistical analyzes were made with two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of the adhesive system brand on bond strength (p

İlk olarak filozofların tanımlamaya çalıştığı zaman kavramı, Sanayi Devrimi ile modern insanın yaşamında en önemli kaynaklardan biri haline gelmiştir. Ekonomistlerin ve sosyologların öncülüğünde zaman kavramı akademik bir çalışma alanı olmuştur. Pazarlama akademisyenleri ise öncü çalışmalarda zaman kavramını teorik olarak ele almış ve pazarlama ve tüketici davranışları için önemini açıklamaya çalışmıştır. Daha sonraları, özellikle Kuzey Amerika merkezli pazarlama akademisi merkezli çalışmalarla tüketici davranışında ve pazarlama yönetiminde zamanın önemli bir faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bibliyometrik analiz ile Kuzey Amerika merkezli olan ve temelde zamanı inceleyen tüketici davranışı çalışmalarının genel bir çerçevesi çizilmiştir. Uluslararası çalışmaların büyük bir kısmında nesnel zaman deneysel tasarım kullanılarak ürün yaşam döngüsü, ürün benimseme, karar verme, bekleme süresi, tüketici memnuniyeti, zaman kısıtı ve bağış davranışı gibi çeşitli konu başlıkları altında incelenmiştir. Ulusal pazarlama literatüründe ise zamanın oldukça sınırlı bir şekilde ele alındığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmada ulusal pazarlama literatüründeki zaman konulu çalışmaların içerikleri incelenerek gelecekte bu konuda araştırmacıların inceleyebileceği araştırma soru önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. The concept of time, which has long been a subject of philosophical inquiry, has assumed a critical role as a valuable resource in the lives of individuals with the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Under the guidance of economists and sociologists, the study of time has emerged as an academic field of interest. At the same time, marketing scholars have engaged in theoretical investigations, delving into the concept of time and highlighting its relevance to the fields of marketing and consumer behavior. Subsequently, the understanding of time as a key determinant in consumer behavior and marketing management has gained prominence, particularly within the context of North Americabased marketing studies. This study uses bibliometric analysis to provide a general overview of North America-based consumer behavior studies that focus primarily on the concept of time. Extensive international research has predominantly used experimental designs to examine objective time in various domains, including product life cycle, product adoption, decision making, waiting time, consumer satisfaction, time constraints, and donation behavior. In contrast, the study of time within the domestic marketing literature is found to be significantly limited. This study examines the content of existing studies on time in the national marketing literature and proposes potential research questions for future investigation by researchers in the field.

Objective The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nutrition program introduced among elite Greco–Roman wrestlers during weight loss period prior to the competition on the athletes’ body composition, hydration, and mood. Methods The experimental group comprised from the Greco–Roman Wrestling National Team (U23) of different weights (n = 8) and the control group consisted of substitute athletes (n = 8) with the same weights with the experimental group. To achieve the target weight, the experimental group followed a personalized weight loss program under the supervision of a dietitian, whereas the control group lost weight using their own methods. The athletes completed a mood profile questionnaire, food and fluid consumption, urine density evaluation, anthropometric measurements, and body composition assessments were performed. Results The athletes who followed a balanced diet under the guidance of a dietician had decreased body mass index, body weight, body fat rates (%) and urine density compared to the athletes who used traditional methods (P< 0.05). Negative changes in the control group and positive changes in the experimental group were observed in the mood profile scores (P< 0.05). There was a higher decrease in variables, including energy (kcal), carbohydrate (g/kg), protein (g/kg), fat (g/kg) and micronutrient consumption, in the control group (P< 0.05).Conclusion Change in nutritional intake at the macro and micro level was found to be more balanced among male athletes who followed a regular and planned nutrition program under a dietitian’s supervision. In addition, the experimental group had decreased body fat percentages and urine density, and underwent a positive change as confirmed by their mood profile.

Aim: Regardless of medical advancements, ectopic pregnancy (EP) is still an essential factor in the mortality rate of women of reproductive age. The main aim of this study was to determine predictive factors associated with the success of the response to treatment with single-dose and two-dose methotrexate (MTX) regimens in women with tubal EP. Material and Method: This retrospective study examined the electronic records of 130 patients who underwent treatment due to EP were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: the successful MTX treatment group (n: 85) as the case group and the failure of MTX treatment group (n: 45) as the control group. Results: Age-matched (30.62±4.36) and body mass index (BMI)-matched (24.37±2.29) patients diagnosed with EP were treated with MTX. The mean beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) value on the first day of treatment was 1639.84±524.96 mIU/mL in the successful and 5866.76±1875.51 mIU/mL in the unsuccessful group. 85 of 130 (65%) were successfully treated with MTX. Five of 45 (35%) failed medical treatment and required laparoscopic surgery. The longest ectopic mass diameter was significantly higher in the failure of MTX treatment group (p

Kisspeptin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) are among suggested neuroendocrine modulators of reproductive function. Intracellular calcium signaling is a critical component in the regulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes including neurotransmitter release, and, therefore, can be used as signaling indicator for investigating the involvement of kisspeptin, GnIH, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release. Hence, this study investigated the effects of kisspeptin and GnIH on calcium signaling using immortalized hypothalamic cells (rHypoE-8) as a model. Kisspeptin neurons were loaded with the ratiometric calcium dye (Fura-2 AM, 1 μmol) and intracellular free calcium ([Ca

The coronavirus pandemic, which is a serious health problem that causes many people to get sick and many people to die, and causes high levels of fear and anxiety, has caused eyes to turn to health professionals in the world and in our country, especially nurses who take an active role in the care of each patient. In the literature review, no research was found on the effects of this destructive process on the image of the nursing profession. With this study, the effect of the coronavirus epidemic on the image of nursing in the society will be determined. The aim of this study is to determine the purpose of applying the coronavirus pandemic to the image of nursing in Turkish society. This research is designed as descriptive. The data were collected online between 05-19/03/2021 with a questionnaire prepared by the researchers from 398 Turkish citizens. When the Nursing Image mean scores of the individuals participating in the research are examined; While the mean total score was 43.6±8.1 before the pandemic, the recommended score was 43.4±8.7 during the coronavirus pandemic. It was determined that the image of nurses in the society decreased during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.

This research aimed to show the role of the number of transferred embryos on pregnancy outcomes of the oocyte donation cycles (ODC). This retrospective cohort study included 122 ODCs performed at a private in vitro fertilization (IVF) center between 2020 June - 2021 January. Cases with severe male infertility, tuboperitoneal, and endometrial factors were not included in the study. The median (interquartile range) recipient age was 43 (30–54) years. ODC results revealed that 10.7% of the cases were negative, 4.9% were biochemical pregnancies, and 84.4% were clinical pregnancies. Pregnancy outcomes were checked; miscarriage, preterm, and term delivery rates were 5.7%, 3.9%, and 90.4%, respectively. The rate of recipients for the younger than 40 years was 32%, between the 40–44 years was 27%, and between 45–54 years was 41% respectively. Statistically significant difference was not observed between age groups in terms of endometrial thickness (p = 0.059), number of transferred embryos (p = 0.857), number of ODC attempt (p = 0.666), live birth rate (p = 0.1), and other pregnancy outcomes (p > 0.05, for all). A total of 96 (78.7%) embryo transfers (ET) resulted in a live birth. In 8.2% (n=10) of cases, single embryo transfer (SET) and in 91.8% (n=112) of cases, double embryo transfer (DET) was performed. The number of embryos transferred was statistically significantly higher among cases that resulted in live births compared to cases without live births (p = 0.002). Significant difference was not found in terms of the recipient age (p = 0.392), male age (p = 0.108), endometrial thickness (p = 0.478), and the number of attempt (p = 0.777) between cases resulted in live birth or not. The only parameter that affects the live birth rates in ODC is the number of transferred embryos.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, in-vitro olarak yapay olarak yaşlandırılmış ve yaşlandırılmamış rezin kompozit restorasyonların dental lup yardımıyla veya dental lup kullanılmadan uzaklaştırılmasının kavite boyutu değişikliği üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Düşük hızlı mikro-motor ile 32 adet akrilik molar dişte oklüzal kaviteler hazırlandı. Kavite hazırlandıktan sonra kavitelerin boyutu ImageJ yazılımı kullanılarak hesaplandı. Kaviteler kompozit rezin ile restore edildikten sonra dental lup kullanıma (2.5x magnifikasyon) ve yaşlandırma etkisine göre dört gruba ayrıldı. Yaşlandırma etkisini simüle etmek için örnek 8 saat kaynar suda bekletildi. Yapay yaşlanmanın da kullanılan rezin kompozitin rengi ve translüsentliği üzerindeki etkileri spektrofotometre kullanılarak analiz edildi. Restorasyonların uzaklaştırılmasından sonra kavite boyutları ImageJ yazılımı kullanılarak yeniden hesaplandı ve kavite boyutlarındaki farklılıklar hesaplandı. Verilere bağımlı örneklem t testleri uygulandı (p < 0.05).Bulgular: Her iki teknik ve restorasyonda da kavite boyutlarında anlamlı artışlar olmasına rağmen, kavite boyutu artışı yaşlandırılmamış restorasyonların uzaklaştırılasında dental lup kullanıldığında daha az olmuştur.Sonuç: Restorasyon uzaklaştırılması sırasında kavite boyutu anlamlı olarak değişmektedir, ve dental lup kullanımı yaşlandırılmış rezin kompozit restorasyonların uzaklaştırılmasında kavite boyutunun artmasını azaltmada fayda sağlamayabilir., Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of removal of artificially aged and non-aged resin composite restorations in-vitro with or without aid of dental loupe on cavity size change. Methods: A low-speed hand piece was used to prepare occlusal cavities in 32 acrylic molar teeth. The size of cavities after cavity preparation were calculated using ImageJ software. The teeth were restored with composite resin and divided into four groups according to the use of dental loupe (2.5x magnification) (with and without magnification) and ageing effect (non-aged and aged). In order to simulate the ageing effect, samples were kept in boiling water for 8 hours. The effects of artificial ageing on the color and translucency of the resin composites used were also analyzed using spectrophotometer. Cavity sizes after the removal of restorations were re-calculated by using the ImageJ software and differences in cavity sizes were also calculated. Paired t-tests were applied to data (p < 0.05). Results: There were significant increases in cavity size using both techniques and both type of restorations although the size increase in percentage was less only when magnification was used during removal of non-aged restorations. Conclusion: Cavity size changes significantly during replacement of restorations and the use of magnification may be not of benefit in reducing the size of the change of removal of aged resin composite restorations.

Objectives We aimed to compare thiol/disulfide hemostasis and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress (OS), in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the healthy control (HC) group and to evaluate the relationship of these parameters with disease activity and major organ involvement. Material-Methods Eighty-four SLE patients and 96 HCs were included in this study. The disease activity of SLE patients was calculated using The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Patients with SLEDAI-2K ≤ 5 were classified as low disease activity (LDA) and those with SLEDAI-2K > 6 as high disease activity (HDA). Thiol/disulfide hemostasis was evaluated using a new automated method and natural thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), disulfide (SS) levels, SS/NT, SS/TT, NT/TT ratios, and serum IMA levels were recorded. Results NT and TT levels were significantly lower (490.11 ± 123.61 vs 536.96 ± 86.05, p = 0.003) (532.56 ± 125.80 vs 565.72 ± 89.82, p = 0.046), SS level (21.22 ± 11.75 vs 13.37 ± 9.31, p < 0.001) was higher, and SS/TT (4.64 ± 2.93 vs 2.52 ± 1.82, p < 0.001) and SS/NT (4.12 ± 2.33 vs 2.35 ± 1.59, p < 0.001) ratios were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to HCs. IMA values were not different between the two groups ( p = 0.920). NT (449.84 ± 136.98 vs 520.32 ± 104.11, p = 0.012) and TT levels (492.01 ± 138.45±562.97 ± 107.09, p = 0.013) were significantly lower and serum IMA levels (0.802 ± 0.089 vs 0.764 ± 0.040, p = 0.023) were significantly higher in SLE patients with HDA than in LDA patients. There was a weak negative correlation between NT (r = −0.284, p=0.009) (r = −0.291, p = 0.007) and TT levels (r = −0.281, p = 0.010) (r = −0.289, p = 0.008) and a weak positive correlation between IMA levels (r = 0.279, p = 0.011) (r = 0.263, p = 0.016) and SLEDAI-2K, and major organ involvement. Conclusion It is thought that thiol/disulfide hemostasis and IMA levels may be used as ideal biomarkers of OS in SLE patients and may reflect the disease activity and major organ involvement.

Bu çalışmanın amacı DBCK-cebirlerinin çarpanlarının bazı temel teorilerini geliştirmektir. Bu çalışmada DBCK-cebirlerinin sol ikili-çarpanları ve sağ ikili çarpanları tanıtılmıştır. Bu tanımlardan yola çıkarak DBCK cebirlerinde bu çarpanlara ilişkin çeşitli örnekler ve sonuçlar geliştirilmiştir. Sonrasında DBCK-cebirleri üzerinde ikili çarpanların iligili karakteristik özellikleri çalışılmış ve bazı özellikleri elde edilmiştir. DBCK-cebirlerinin elemanlarının DBCK-cebirleri üzerinde sol ikili-çarpanları ve sağ ikili çarpanları altında görüntüleri çalışılmıştır. DBCK-cebirileri üzerinde Kera(X) ve Fixa(X) kümeleri DBCK-cebirleri üzerinde ikili-çarpanlar aracılığı ile tanımlanmıştır. Bu kümelerin ilgili bazı temel özelliklerine yer verilmiştir., The purpose of this document is to develop some of the basic theory of the multipliers algebra of dual BCK-algebras. In this study we demonstrate the concept of left bi-multiplier and right bi-multiplier of dual BCK (DBCK-algebra) algebras. Several examples and results pertaining to these multipliers on DBCK-algebras are developed based on these definitions. Then we study the characteristics of the bi-multipliers on DBCK-algebras and obtained some properties of DBCK-algebras. We focused on the behavior of the elements of DBCK-algebras under the concept of left bi-multiplier and right bi-multiplier of DBCK-algebras. We also characterize Kera(X) and Fixa(X) by bi-multipliers on DBCK- algebras. We describe some elementary related properties of these sets.

The purpose of the present research was to assess the effect of three different fresh detox juices on the color stability of the resin composite with three different adhesive systems. Disc-shaped resin composite specimens were prepared. Composite discs were randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to the adhesive system (Adper EasyOne, BondForce, Clearfil QuickBond), adhesive system was applied to the upper surfaces of the composite discs according to the manufacturer s instructions. The first color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer after the composite discs were kept in water for 24 hours. Samples in each group were divided into 4 subgroups according to the immersion solution (n=10; brands, water). The samples, which were kept in respective detox juices, were kept for 10 minutes twice a day, at other times they were kept in distilled water. Second color measurements were performed 30 days later. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. According to the two-way analysis of variance, the adhesive system does not affect the color change significantly (p=0.773), but the detox juices has a significant effect on the color change (p=0.01). Fresh detox juices may adversely affect the color stability of adhesive systems, regardless of their color, but this effect may not be expected to be clinically observable.

Abstract Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of rotary brush active application technique on the ultramorphological changes induced by self-etching adhesive systems on ground enamel. Materials and methods: Three application methods were deployed: (1) passive application; (2) manual active application; (3) rotary-brush active application. Two self-etching adhesive systems were used: (1) Optibond All-in-one; (2) Nova Combo Plus. Acid-etching of the ground enamel surface with phosphoric acid was used as control. Labial surfaces of bovine incisors were separated into four pieces. One of three application methods including phosphoric acid-etching was used to apply one of self-etch adhesive systems to enamel surface of each enamel piece respectively. Treated enamel samples were then processed for evaluation under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: SEM findings showed that acid-etching completely removed the smear layer from the ground enamel surface. None of the active application techniques, however, were able to eliminate the smear layers. Conclusions: Active application of self-etch adhesives to enamel with a rotary brush may not have an effect on the interaction of the tested self-etch adhesives with smear layers on the enamel surface.

Günümüzün çetin rekabet koşullarına uyum sağlayabilmek için örgütlerin sahip oldukları insan kaynağını en etkin şekilde yönlendirebilecek, etik bir çerçevede hareket eden ve örgütlerinde adaleti sağlayabilecek liderlere ihtiyaçları vardır. Bu çalışmada etik liderlik davranışının çalışanların iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel adalet algısının aracılık rolü araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. İlk olarak, etik liderlik, iş tatmini ve örgütsel adalet kavramlarının tanımı yapılarak ilgili kavramsal çerçeveye yer verilmiştir. Araştırma kısmında ise, ülkemizde görev yapan 416 akademisyene, etik liderlik davranışları, iş tatmini ve örgütsel adalet algıları ile ilgili sorulardan oluşan anket uygulanmıştır. Aracılık etkisini ortaya koyabilmek için SmartPLS-3 modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında etik liderlik, iş tatmini ve örgütsel adalet arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte araştırma bulguları etik liderliğin, iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel adaletin kısmi aracılık etkisinin de olduğunu da göstermektedir.

According to Ömer Seyfettin, Turkism must realize radical changes in all parts of life from political and social life, to writing and reading practices; and nationalism must be its main target. He purports the authorship of books whose language is close to colloquial dealing with issues about the modernization of the nation. Writing in this fashion meant that he would be able to explain to a much wider audience his ideal modernization project and to propose solutions to the problems he finds unsystematically dealt with in society. According to his opinion, authors must write new literary works different from the influence of Eastern literature whose language and content are no longer useful to society and should eradicate works imitating Western literature. Moreover, Ömer Seyfettin calls for change in reading practices for his envisaged new, ideal society. According to him, literary works should be read in a language understood by the general public, with content appropriate to national taste and education, addressing the problems brought by the age, and seeking solutions to social problems. Thinking that such works have yet to reach a sufficient level, in 1911 he writes a story, “Bahar ve Kelebekler” which is an example of the new language, the new literature he advocated. In his story, he also evaluates the new place women should have in his ideal modern society associating them with readership. In this context, this article focuses on how Ömer Seyfettin, in this story, defined what “correct work” means and how important “correct reading” is for the new generation women who expanded their mental horizons and realized the possibility of other life styles in the ever transforming, though the modernization reforms, Ottoman Empire., Ömer Seyfettin’e göre Türkçülük hareketi siyasetten toplumsal yaşayışa, dilden okuma yazma alışkanlıklarına kadar hayatın her noktasında köklü bir değişimi içermeli ve bu değişim içinde millîlik, temel gaye hâline getirilmelidir. Yazar, konuşma diliyle arasındaki mesafeyi kapatmış bu dille milleti modernleştirecek mevzuları işleyen kitapların yazılması gerektiğini savunur. Bu doğrultuda yazmak, onun için kendi idealindeki modernleşme projesini ve toplumda aksak bulduğu sorunlara dair çözüm önerilerini çok daha geniş kitlelere anlatabilmek demektir. Yazarlar artık dili ve içeriği ile faydasız olan, mevcut toplumun sorunlarına dair hiçbir şey söylemeyen Şark etkisindeki eserlerden farklı, yeni eserler yazmalı ve Garp taklitçiliğinden de kurtulmalıdır. Ömer Seyfettin, öngördüğü yeni ve ideal toplumda okuma alışkanlıklarının da değişmesini talep eder. Ona göre toplumun geneli tarafından anlaşılacak bir dille, millî zevk ve terbiyeye uygun, çağın getirdiği sorunlara değinen, toplumsal problemlere çareler arayan eserler okunmalıdır. Bu tarz eserlerin sayısının yeterince tatmin edici bir seviyede olmadığını düşünen yazar, 1911’de bu amaçla kaleme aldığı Bahar ve Kelebeklerle hem yeni lisanı, yeni edebiyatı örnekler hem de arzuladığı modern toplumda kadının edinmesi gereken yeni konumu okuma eylemiyle ilişkilendirerek değerlendirir. Bu bağlamda bu makale, modernleşme reformlarıyla değişen ve dönüşen Osmanlı’da zihin ufuklarını genişleten, başka yaşam biçimlerinin olabilirliğinin farkına varan yeni nesil kadının, bu farkındalığı okuma edimi üzerinden nasıl kazandığına, okumanın işlevine odaklanır ve Ömer Seyfettin’e göre “doğru” eserin nasıl tanımlandığını, “doğru” okumanın neden son derece önemli olduğunu Bahar ve Kelebekler üzerinden tartışır.

The uncertainty originated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the unpredictability of both real and financial market indicators have increased the volatility of global financial markets. As a result of globalization, the determination of risk and information transfer between financial markets has gained importance during the pandemic process. In this context, the spread of volatility between the cryptocurrency market and the global stock markets was analyzed by considering the pandemic process. Bitcoin, which represents 42% of the total market cap, was used to represent the cryptocurrency market in the analysis. S&P500, FTSE100, SSEC and NIKKEI indices, which are among the world's leading indices in terms of market cap, were used to represent the global stock market. Constant Conditional Correlation Multivariate GARCH model was used for the analysis of volatility transmission. Daily closing prices covering the date range from 1st December 2019 to 1st July 202 were used for the analyses. The model results were positive and significant for all predicted conditional correlation parameters. In this context, there is volatility transmission and information transfer between BTC and stock returns. The model findings are expected to be a supporting element for financial market participants to make the right decision in the optimal portfolio allocation process.

Purpose This study investigated whether the professional values of nursing students can predict their ethical decision-making levels. Design and Methods The study used a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The study sample consisted of 130 senior nursing students. The data were collected from the Student Information Form, Nursing Professional Values Scale, and Nursing Dilemma Test (NDT). The data were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings A significant correlation was found between students' professional values and their mean PLT total scores (p < 0.01). Also, a negative correlation was found between students' professional values and the total mean practical thinking scores (p < 0.01). Professional values of the students explained 21.2% of the total PLT score and 0.08% of the total practical thinking score. Conclusion The professional values of the students affect their principal and practical thinking skills in ethical dilemmas. Implications for Nursing Practice It is recommended to discuss the ethical dilemmas observed or experienced by the students in their clinical practice in the field, increase the awareness of the students, and teach them how to deal with ethical dilemmas.

The puspose of the current study was to examine the relationship between the psychological resilience and life balance points among nurses. The study design was descriptive and cross-sectional, and conducted with 155 nurses. Data collection instrumetns included a Demographic Form, the Resilience Scale for Adults, and the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory- Turkish Form. T-test, one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data. The total mean score of the Resilience Scale for Adults of the nurses was determined as 124.30±19.61. Nurses' Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory sub-dimension mean scores were; General Health 32.83±6.73, Quality of Relationship 24.14±5.7, Positive Orientation 25.84±6.13, Depression 19.21±4.85, Spiritual Support 22.47±5.48, Friendship/Intimacy 18.85±3.97, Career/Occupation 15.84±3.94, and Sleep Difficulty 17.54±4.17. Negatively low level between the Resilience Scale for Adults and Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Sleep Difficulty sub-dimension (r=-0.172, p=0.032); A low negative correlation was found between the Adult Resilience Scale, Structural Style sub-dimension and the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Quality of Relationships sub-dimension (r=-0.165, p=0.040). The Resilience Sacale for Adults, Family Cohesion sub-dimension and Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Quality of Relationships (r= -0.182, p=0.024); a low negative correlation was found between the sub-dimensions of Positive Orientation (r=-0.170, p=0.035) and Friendship (r=-0.170, p=0.034). There was a low level of positive correlation between the Resilience Scale for Adults's, Self-Perception sub-dimension and the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Career/Occupation (r=0.239, p=0.003) and Sleep Difficulty (r=0.231, p=0.004) sub-dimensions. A low level of positive correlation was determined between the Social Resources sub-dimension of the Resilience Scale for Adults and the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Positive Orientation (r=0.161, p=0.046) sub-dimension. A low level of negative correlation was found between the Resilience Scale for Adults Scale, Social Resources sub-dimension and the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory Sleep Difficulty (r=-0.212, p=0.008) sub-dimension. The psychological resilience levels of the nurses are above the average. Nurses' concepts of resilience and life balance may differ based on socio-economic based demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, and economic status.

As a fascinating concept, although parasocial interaction (PSI) has been studied extensively in both the traditional and digital media, studies have usually focused on the operationalization, antecedents or effects of the concept. In this regard, there is a need for studies focusing the antecedents and consequences of PSI from holistic view, and thus contribute to broader understanding more accurately how PSI develop. This study aims to find strong empirical evidence on antecedents and effects of PSI. In this study, we propose a model that assesses the influence of physical and social attractiveness and attitude homophily of contestant on PSI; and PSI effects on audience commitment. By studying 689 audience, we found that i) social attractiveness, physical attractiveness and attitude homophily positively influence PSI, and ii) PSI positively influences audience commitment.

In this article, some curvature properties with respect to Tanaka-Webster connection on nearly cosymplectic manifolds have been studied.

Environmental impact assessment comprises a set of analyses, and there are several subjects. However, the “airport impact research” subject has grown into a more integral and broader view. Green airports make this phenomenon more complex when analyzing different operational criteria. This study focused on easing the readers’ understanding of the impact analysis phenomenon more comprehensively. Moreover, the motivation behind this paper is to express the roots of the research subject on the green airport concept. Three domains are defined to classify the impact analysis, affecting each other while focusing on operational or capital investments in the airports. Spending a budget or an organizational function might negatively affect carbon dioxide emissions or further toxic disseminating natural resources. This study has examined 93 published scientific papers to show the distribution of the classified subjects on the three domains as Energy, Natural resources, and economic sustainability. Despite the common superiority of environmental topics, it has been seen that economic efficiency and the importance of the design subjects are the main predecessors in this review. Subjects have diverted into the environmental issues in the later years. Also, popular keywords have been presented to the audience’s attention, which counts the frequency in time.

Lojistik hizmetleri, küreselleşme ile birlikte ekonominin destekleyici gücü olarak kabul edilmektedir. Lojistik sektöründeki gelişmeler, ülke ekonomisini gelir yaratmaya teşvik ederek, yeni istihdam alanları sağlayarak, yatırımları, özellikle doğrudan yabancı yatırımları ve artan ticaret hacimlerini olumlu yönde etkileyerek ekonomik büyümeyi arttırmaktadır. Bununla beraber, doğrudan yabancı yatırımların kısa vadeli talep çekme etkisi ve uzun vadeli arz etkisi yaratarak ekonomik büyümeyi etkilemesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada lojistik performans etkisi, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin 20 OECD ülkesi (ABD, Kanada, Almanya, Fransa, Hollanda, Lüksemburg, İtalya, Birleşik Krallık, Danimarka, Belçika, İsveç, İsviçre, İspanya, Norveç, Portekiz, Türkiye, Finlandiya, Polonya, Slovakya, Yunanistan) için ampirik olarak test edilmesi amaç edinilmiştir. Ampirik analizlerde değişkenlerde; var olan uç değerleri dikkate alan ve normallik varsayımına dayalı olmaması gibi özellikleri nedeniyle ortalama regresyon yöntemine göre avantajlara sahip olan panel kantil regresyon analizi yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, lojistik performans endeksinin kişi başına gelirin düşük ve orta değerlerinde ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Buna karşın kişi başına gelirin üst düzeylerinde ise lojistik performans endeksi ile kişi başına gelir arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Eğitim, sabit sermaye yatırımları ve sağlık değişkenlerinin kişi başına geliri olumlu yönde etkilediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Kişi başına gelirin gerek düşük gerekse orta ve üst değerlerinde doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve kişi başına gelir arasında anlamlı bir ilişki elde edilememiştir.

Purpose The logic of value innovation has received increased attention in the strategic marketing and innovation literature. Studies investigating how value innovation, as a firm’s strategic mindset, contributes to creating new market space through more proximal market-driven factors such as strategic decisions and customer value are still lacking, nevertheless. This study aim to investigate how the logic of value innovation influences creating new market space through quantum strategy and customer value creation. Design/methodology/approach Survey data from a sample of 204 manufacturing and service firms was used to test the conceptual model and research hypotheses. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings The findings reveal the direct and indirect effect of value innovation logic on the new market space through the mediation of quantum strategy and customer value creation. Besides, this study shows that quantum strategy does not directly contribute to customer value creation. A reason is that the quantum strategy as a both/and strategy is the more dominating factor in creating new market space. Originality/value There is still a lack of a systematic understanding of how value innovation, as a firm’s strategic mindset, contribute to creating new market space through a firm’s strategic choices and superior customer value creation, as more proximal market-driven factors. This study empirically attempted to address this research problem. This study contributes to the strategic marketing literature by providing a model for the interwoven relationships between value innovation, quantum strategy, customer value and new market space.

The inter-annual variability of the air-sea CO2 flux, is non-negligible, can modulate the global warming signal, yet it is poorly represented in Earth Systems Models (ESMs). ESMs are highly sophisticated and computationally demanding, which makes it challenging to perform dedicated experiments to investigate the key drivers of the CO2 flux variability across different spatial and temporal scales. Machine leaning methods can objectively and systematically explore large datasets, ensuring physically meaningful results. Here, we show that a Kernel Ridge Regression can reconstruct the present and future CO2 flux variability in five ESMs. Surface concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity emerge as the critical drivers, but the former is projected to play a lesser role due to decreasing vertical gradient. Our results demonstrate a new approach to efficiently interpret the massive datasets produced by ESMs and at the same time offer guidance into future model development and monitoring strategies to constrain the CO2 flux.