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3. The Influence of Age on the Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from a Japanese Nationwide Survey (J-ASPECT Study-Traumatic Brain Injury)

Author

Keitaro Yamagami, Ryota Kurogi, Ai Kurogi, Kunihiro Nishimura, Daisuke Onozuka, Nice Ren, Akiko Kada, Ataru Nishimura, Koichi Arimura, Keisuke Ido, Masahiro Mizoguchi, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Takamasa Kayama, Michiyasu Suzuki, Hajime Arai, Akihito Hagihara, Koji Iihara, Masayoshi Takigami, Kenji Kamiyama, Kiyohiro Houkin, Shougo Nishi, Tetsuyuki Yoshimoto, Sadao Kaneko, Koji Oka, Hiroshi Ooyama, Kyousuke Kamada, Kenichi Makino, Naoki Tokumitsu, Kazuhiro Sako, Susumu Suzuki, Nozomi Suzuki, Naoto Izumi, Kazumi Nitta, Masahumi Ootaki, Masanori Isobe, Mikio Nishiya, Takaaki Yamazaki, Syouji Mabuchi, Kuniaki Ogasawara, Naohiko Kubo, Yukihiko Shimizu, Keiichi Saito, Tatumi Yamanome, Atsuo Yoshino, Mitsuyuki Fujitsuka, Masaaki Takami, Hirotoshi Ohtaka, Teruyuki Hirano, Yosiaki Shiokawa, Takaharu Okada, Ichiro Suzuki, Michihiro Kohno, Jou Haraoka, Yoshinori Arai, Noriyoshi Kawamura, Akira Isoshima, Masaharu Yasue, Mitsuhiko Hokari Takayoshi Kobayashi, Kensuke Kawai, Taketoshi Maehara, Makoto Noguchi, Haruhiko Hoshino, Hirofumi Hiyama, Kensaku Yoshida, Osamu Utsugi, Yasuaki Takeda, Kouichi Tamaki, Hirohide Karasudani, Takao Urabe, Shiro Kobayashi, Michio Nakamura, Yorio Koguchi, Junichi Ono, Sumio Suda, Hiromu Hadeishi, Toshio Fukutake, Kenji Wakui, Hirokazu Tanno, Naoki Ishige, Takashi Ohasi, Hideki Sakai, Yasuaki Nishimura, Takayuki Watanabe, Takashi Matsumoto, Naoki Koketsu, Yuichi Hirose, Manabu Doyu, Toshinori Hasegawa, Naoto Kuwayama, Shinichi Terao, Nobuhiko Mizutani, Noriyuki Suzaki, Satoshi Okuda, Keizo Yasui, Yukio Seki, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Akira Ikeda, Youtarou Takeuchi, Sigeki Ohara, Yoshio Araki, Toshihiko Wakabayashi, Hisashi Tanaka, Junpei Yoshimoto, Makoto Sugiura, Ogura Koichiro, Nozomu Kobayashi, Tomonori Yamada, Amami Kato, Ohtsuki Toshiho, Akatsuki Wakayama, Jun Takahashi, Hiroharu Kataoka, Toshiki Yoshimine, Yoshikazu Nakajima, Hidehuku Gi, Ryunosuke Uranishi, Yusaku Nakamura, Kazunori Yamanaka, Kazumi Ohmori, Hiroyuki Matsumoto, Yoshitugu Oiwa, Yosihiko Uemura, Hiroaki Fujiwara, Yoshiyasu Iwai, Masashi Morikawa, Kazuyuki Tane, Kazuo Hashikawa, Toshiyuki Fujinaka, Shunichi Yoneda, Kohsuke Yamashita, Masahiko Kitano, Shinsuke Tominaga, Kazuhito Nakamura, Katsuhiko Kono, Kenji Ohata, Hirokatsu Taniguchi, Takanori Hazama, Toshihiko Kuroiwa, Yoji Tamura, Kazusige Maeno, Motohiro Arai, Masaaki Iwase, Kenji Hashimoto, Keisuke Yamada, Takashi Turuno, Tsutomu Ichinose, Shinichiro Kurokawa, Takeshi Matsuyama, Toshiaki Fujita, Takamichi Yuguchi, Yoshihumi Teramoto, Hiroto Kakita, Takayuki Matsuo, Tsuyoshi Izumo, Nobutoshi Ryu, Wataru Haraguchi Naoki Kitagawa, Makio Kaminogo, Seisaburo Sakamoto, Yosiharu Tokunaga, Ei-Ichirou Urasaki, Junichi Kuratsu, Akira Takada, Tadashi Terasaki, Isao Fuwa Hisami Oosima, Shigeo Yamashiro, Makoto Yoshikawa Hiromasa Tsuiki, Kazunari Koga, Hiroshi Egami, Tadao Kawamura, Kunihiko Mitsuo, Takamitu Hikawa Masaki Morisige, Yuu Takeda, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Shiro Miyata Shunro Uchinokura, Tomokazu Goya, Hideo Takeshima, Kazutaka Yatsushiro, Hajime Ohta, Tatsui Nagadou, Kazuho Hirahara, Souichi Obara, Hiroshi Seto, Koiti Moroki, Kazunori Arita, Shogo Ishiuchi, Toshimitsu Uchihara, Susumu Mekaru, Tomoaki Nagamine, Naoki Tomiyama Jin Momoji, Kouzi Idomari Atusi Kimoto, Tsutomu Kadekaru, Hirosi Syamoto, Osamu Sasaki, Makoto Minagawa, Hideaki Takahashi, Kiyoshi Onda Hiroyuki Arai, Shigekazu Takeuchi, Hiroshi Abe, Osamu Fukuda, Mitsuo Kouno, Tetsuro Tamura, Yukio Horie Michiya Kubo, Hiroaki Hondo, Hisashi Takada, Toru Masuoka, Naoki Shirasaki, Hisashi Nitta, Makoto Kimura Yasuo Katsuki, Yutaka Hayashi Hisato Minamide, Shigeru Munemoto, Kiyonobu Ikeda, Mitsutoshi Nakada Yutaka Hayashi, Syuji Sato, Taketo Hatano, Osamu Yamamura, Masanori Kabuto, Takahiro Sakuma Jyunya Hayashi, Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Hidehito Koizumi, Syougo Imae, Manabu Fujita, Masakazu Suga, Shinji Iwata Kanehisa Kohno, Kiichiro Zenke, Mutsuo Fujisawa, Hikaru Mizobuchi, Satoru Hayashi, Masanori Morimoto, Tetsuya Ueba, Hiroyuki Nishimura, Naoki Ikawa, Yuzo Matsumoto, Seiji Kannuki, Masahiro Kagawa, Naoki Hayashi, Takashi Tamiya Atsushi Shindo, Kimihiro Yoshino, Tetsuya Masaoka, Ichiro Nakahara, Akira Nakamizo Satoshi Suzuki, Yuji Okamoto, Haruki Takahashi, Katsuyuki Hirakawa, Shinji Nagata, Akio Ookura, Hidenori Yoshida Yoshiro Kaneko, Hiroshi Nakane, Isao Inoue, Tsutomu Hitotsumatsu, Terukazu Kuramoto Kouichi Kuramoto, Yoshihisa Matumoto Hiromichi Ooishi, Tooru Inoue Masani Nonaka, Motohiro Morioka, Hiroshi Sugimori Shuji Sakata, Hiroshi Takashima, Shin-Ichiro Ishihara, Kenji Suzuyama, Masayuki Miyazono, Masafumi Morimoto Itaro Hattori, Satoshi Ozaki, Nobuo Hirota, Yasunori Takemoto Yasuhiko Mochimatsu, Makoto Takagi, Isao Yamamoto Kenji Nakayama, Yoshinori Uchida Hiroshi Tanaka, Katsumi Sakata, Kawahara Nobutaka, Motohiro Nomura, Hitoshi Ozawa, Kotaro Tsumura, Makoto Inaba Michiyuki Maruyama, Tatsuro Mori, Takahisa Mori, Masato Sugitani, Yuichiro Tanaka, Masaru Yamada, Mitsunori Matsumae, Keiichirou Onitsuka, Kosuke Miyahara Tatsuya Takahashi, Sumio Endou, Hidekazu Takahashi, Hiroyuki Kaidu, Akira Tsunoda Chikashi Maruki, Takamitsu Fujimaki, Hidetoshi Ooigawa, Masahiko Tanaka Masatsugu Uchida, Hiroshi Wanihuti Kouiti Katoh, Akio Hyodo, Ken Asakura, Shigeyoshi Nakajima, Takao Kanzawa, Hideyuki Kurihara, Sigehiro Ohmori, Mitsugi Yoshinao Hiroshi Kusunoki, Satoshi Magarisawa, Shinichi Okabe, Yuuji Kujiraoka, Shin Tsuruoka, Mikihiko Takeshita, Tetsuya Yamamoto Akira Matsumura, Kazuya Uemura, Hitoshi Tabata, Makoto Sonobe, Masashi Nakatsukasa Ryoji Yoshida, Norifumi Shimoeda, Hideo Kunimine, Masayuki Ishihara, Nozomu Murai, Nobukuni Murakami, Minoru Kidooka, Yoshihiro Iwamoto, Hiroshi Tenjin, Kouji Shiga Masahiko Takamasu, Nobuhito Mori, Shigeru Kose, Eiji Kohmura, Keigo Matsumoto, Takayuki Sakaki, Hiroji Miyake, Eiichiro Mabuchi, Masayuki Yokota, Hideyuki Ohnishi Yosihiro Kuga, Mitsuru Kimura, Osamu Narumi Masaaki Saiki, Norio Nakajima, Minoru Asahi, Junji Koyama, Shinya Noda, Junichi Iida, Toyohisa Fujita, Hiroyuki Nakase, Hidehiro Hirabayashi Toru Hoshida, Takayoshi Fujimoto, Naoyuki Nakao, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Fuminori Ozaki, Yoshinari Nakamura, Kazuhito Miki, Takashi Watanabe, Seiko Hasegawa, Hiromu Konno, Atsuhito Takemura, Atsuya Okubo, Hitoshi Saito, Tatsuya Ishikawa Taizen Nakase, Hiroaki Shimizu Toshio Sasajima, Masayuki Sasou, Yoichi Watanabe, Taku Sato Kiyoshi Saito, Satoshi Taira Masahiro Satoh, Takayuki Koizumi, Yasuhiro Suzuki Shoji Mashiyama, Tomoyoshi Oikawa, Yukihiko Sonoda, Rei Kondo Shinjiro Saito, Atsuo Shinoda, Eiichiro Kamatsuka, Keiten So, Toshihiko Kinjo, Tooru Sasaki Kennji Itou, Hidenori Endo Hiroaki Shimizu, Hirosi Karibe, Kou Takahashi, Masayuki Nakajima, Kazuyoshi Watanabe, Motohiro Takayama, Taro Komuro, Hisao Hirai Fumio Suzuki, Hidenori Suzuki, Hiroto Murata, Fumitaka Miya, Kenji Kanamaru, Akira Tamura, Kiyoshi Harada, Seiji Fukazawa, Seiya Takehara, Yoshihiko Watanabe, Teiji Nakayama, Haruhiko Sato Hiroshi Nagura, Shinji Amano Chiharu Tanoi, Katsuhiro Kuroda, Satoru Morooka, Takafumi Wataya Masashi Kitagawa, Kazuo Koide, Tetsuya Tanigawara, Toru Iwama, Junki Ito, Shinji Noda, Kazuyuki Kouno, Kazuo Kitazawa, Yoshikazu Kusano Toshiki Takemae, Masanobu Hokama, Hiroki Sato Yoshihisa Nishiyama, Tatsuya Seguchi, Sumio Kobayashi Yoshihiko Inui, Youji Oohigashi, Shinsuke Muraoka, Masaki Miyatake, Kensuke Hayashida Nakagawa Shinichi, Atsushi Inoue, Keiichi Sakai, Shuhei Yamaguchi, Tatsuya Mizoue Fusao Ikawa, Gen Ishida Hideki Irie, Takato Kagawa, Yoichiro Namba, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Isao Date Koji Abe, Masaaki Uno, Masaki Chin Sen Yamagata, Hidemiti Sasayama Soitiro Takao, Hideyuki Yoshida Kouji Muneda, Akira Watanebe, Syouichi Katou, Yasuhiro Hamada, Takafumi Nishizaki, Katsuhiro Yamashita, Takaharu Nakamura Ryuji Nakamura, Shinichi Wakabayashi, Takahito Okazaki, Kaoru Kurisu, Masayasu Matsumoto, Atsushi Tominaga Katsuzo Kiya, Masaaki Shibukawa Syuichi Oki, Toshinori Nakahara, Shinji Okita, Tuyosi Torii, Minoru Nakagawa Kenjirou Fujiwara, Takashi Matsuoka Syuuhei Nishimura, Osamu Hamasaki Naoyuki Isobe, Junichiro Satomi Shinji Nagahiro, Masahito Agawa, Hirofumi Oka, Kunikazu Yoshimura, Tsutomu Kato, Nobuaki Kobayasi Satoshi Minoshima, Nobuhiro Mikuni, Rokuya Tanikawa, Jyunkou Sasaki, Yasunari Otawara, Teiji Tominaga, Tatsuya Sasaki, Sunao Takemura, Masahisa Kawakami, Satoshi Ihara, Yasushi Shibata, Takashi Saegusa, Toshihiko Iuchi, Chiaki Ito, Osamu Okuda, Kazunari Yoshida, Sadao Suga Masateru Katayama, Oikawa Akihiro, Naohisa Miura, Takahiro Ota, Toshihiro Kumabe, Sachio Suzuki, Takashi Kumagai, Keiichi Nishimaki, Kazuhiro Hongo, Hiroaki Shigeta, Kazuyoshi Hattori, Yoichi Uozumi, Norimoto Nakahara, Nobukazu Hashimoto, Shinichi Shirakami Shu Imai, Yoshinari Okumura, Ryo Tamaki Kazuhiro Yokoyama, Susumu Miyamoto, Kazuo Yamamoto, Tsugumichi Ichioka, Tsuyoshi Inoue, Manabu Kinoshita, Minoru Saitoh, Hideo Aihara, Hajimu Miyake, Kotaro Ogihara Tukasa Nishiura, Shigeki Nishino, Yasuyuki Miyoshi, Tadashi Arisawa, Shigeru Daido Shoji Tsuchimoto, Kimihisa Kinoshita, Kiyoshi Yuki Keisuke Migita, Keiichi Akatsuka, Hirosuke Fujisawa, Tadahisa Shono, Hitoshi Tsugu, Shuji Hayashi, Tatsuya Abe Toshio Matsushima, Susumu Nakashima, Takehisa Tuji, Akihiko Kaga, Reizou Kanemaru, Koji Takasaki, Junichi Imamura, Masahiro Noha, Saburo Watanabe, Nobuyuki Sakai, Yasuhisa Yoshida Hiroaki Minami, Tomoyoshi Okumura, Shinjitsu Nishimura, Shinichi Numazawa, Kiyoshi Kazekawa Masanori Tsutsumi, Kouzou Fukuyama, and Yasuhiro Fujimoto

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Databases, Factual, Traumatic brain injury, Nationwide survey, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Level of consciousness, Japan, Surveys and Questionnaires, Epidemiology, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, medicine, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Child, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Univariate analysis, business.industry, Neurological status, Glasgow Coma Scale, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Patient Discharge, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Child, Preschool, Emergency medicine, Surgery, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The epidemiology of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) has changed dramatically over recent decades as a result of rapid advances in aging societies. We assessed the influence of age on outcomes of patients with TBI and sought to identify prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality of TBI among elderly patients.Using a nationwide database, we analyzed data from 5651 patients with TBI. Univariate analysis was conducted to compare patient demographics, neurologic status on admission, radiologic findings, systemic complication rates, length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and home discharge rates between elderly and nonelderly groups. Multivariable analysis was conducted to determine prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality among elderly patients.Overall in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in elderly patients (12.8% vs. 19.3%; P0.001). In-hospital mortality of elderly patients with mild TBI increased significantly at7 days after admission, whereas that of elderly patients with moderate or severe TBI was significantly higher immediately after admission. Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; P = 0.024), male sex (OR, 1.30; P = 0.004), Japan Coma Scale score on admission (OR, 5.95, P0.001), and incidence of acute subdural hematoma (OR, 1.89; P0.001) were associated with in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with TBI.Elderly patients with TBI showed significantly higher in-hospital mortality. Delayed increases in in-hospital mortality were observed among elderly patients with mild TBI. Level of consciousness on admission was the strongest predictor of in-hospital mortality among elderly patients.

Published
2019

4. Characterization of the 105-kDa molecular chaperone

Author

Kazuo Mizoi, Mika Matsumori, Atsuya Okubo, Itaru Toyoshima, Akira Suzuki, Fumio Hamada, Tokiko Hama, Atsushi Komatsuda, Michiro Otaka, Hideaki Itoh, Goro Takada, Jun Fukuda, Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Yutaka Shoji, Kenichi Sawada, and Toshinobu Tanaka

Subjects
Male, Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8, Time Factors, Immunoblotting, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Kidney, PC12 Cells, Biochemistry, Protein Structure, Secondary, HSPA4, Adenosine Triphosphate, Cytosol, Testis, HSPA2, Protein A/G, Animals, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, Tissue Distribution, Amino Acid Sequence, Rats, Wistar, Nuclear protein, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Heat-Shock Proteins, HSPA14, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sepharose, Brain, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Cell biology, biology.protein, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Protein G, BCL2-related protein A1, Neuroglia, Molecular Chaperones, Protein Binding
Abstract

We have characterized the biochemical properties of the testis and brain-specific 105-kDa protein which is cross-reacted with an anti-bovine HSP90 antibody. The protein was induced in germ cells by heat stress, resulting in a protein which is one of the heat shock proteins [Kumagai, J., Fukuda, J., Kodama, H., Murata, M., Kawamura, K., Itoh, H. & Tanaka, T. (2000) Eur. J. Biochem.267, 3073–3078]. In the present study, we characterized the biochemical properties of the protein. The 105-kDa protein inhibited the aggregation of citrate synthase as a molecular chaperone in vitro. ATP/MgCl2 has a slight influence of the suppression of the citrate synthase aggregation by the 105-kDa protein. The protein possessed chaperone activity. The protein was able to bind to ATP–Sepharose like the other molecular chaperone HSP70. A partial amino-acid sequence (24 amino-acid residues) of the protein was determined and coincided with those of the mouse testis- and brain-specific APG-1 and osmotic stress protein 94 (OSP94). The 105-kDa protein was detected only in the medulla of the rat kidney sections similar to OSP94 upon immunoblotting. The purified 105-kDa protein was cross-reacted with an antibody against APG-1. These results suggested that APG-1 and OSP94 are both identical to the 105-kDa protein. There were highly homologous regions between the 105-kDa protein/APG-1/OSP94 and HSP90. The region of HSP90 was also an immunoreactive site. An anti-bovine HSP90 antibody may cross-react with the 105-kDa protein similar to HSP90 in the rat testis and brain. We have investigated the localization and developmental induction of the protein in the rat brain. In the immunohistochemical analysis, the protein was mainly detected in the cytoplasm of the nerve and glial cells of the rat brain. Although the 105-kDa protein was localized in all rat brain segments, the expression pattern was fast in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and slow in the cerebellum.

Published
2002
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5. Simultaneous induction of mitochondrial heat shock protein mRNAs in rat forebrain ischemia

Author

Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Takashi Yoshimoto, Hisatake Kondo, Kazuo Mizoi, Yohtalou Tashima, Hideaki Itoh, Atsuya Okubo, Hisanori Kunizuka, Kenji Izaki, and Yuji Owada

Subjects
Male, Ischemia, Apoptosis, In situ hybridization, Mitochondrion, Biology, Hippocampus, Brain Ischemia, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Prosencephalon, Heat shock protein, Gene expression, Chaperonin 10, medicine, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Rats, Wistar, Molecular Biology, Heat-Shock Proteins, In Situ Hybridization, Messenger RNA, Chaperonin 60, Blotting, Northern, medicine.disease, Mitochondria, Rats, Cell biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Immunology, HSP60
Abstract

Several investigations have postulated evidence of the involvement of apoptosis in delayed neuronal death following brief periods of global cerebral ischemia. Apoptosis may be closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Heat shock protein (HSP) 60 and HSP10 are mitochondrial matrix proteins induced by stress and form the chaperonin complex that is implicated in protein folding and assembly within the mitochondria. This study investigated the induction of these mitochondrial stress protein genes in the hippocampal CA1 region and less vulnerable regions following transient forebrain ischemia. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the induction pattern of HSP60 mRNA was identical to that of HSP10 mRNA throughout the entire ischemic course. No changes occurred in the expression of both mRNAs after 2 min ischemia. Strong induction of both mRNAs occurred in the CA1 region after 10 min ischemia and persisted until 1 d after reperfusion. In contrast, induction of both mRNAs in the less vulnerable regions was terminated by 1 d after reperfusion. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial stress conditions persist concomitantly with cytosolic stress conditions in regions vulnerable to transient forebrain ischemia.

Published
2000
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6. Induction of heat shock protein 40 and GrpE mRNAs following transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat

Author

Kenji Izaki, Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Kazuo Mizoi, Taku Sugawara, Atsuya Okubo, Shinya Tamura, and Hisanori Kunizuka

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Middle Cerebral Artery, Rat model, Ischemia, In situ hybridization, Biology, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Heat shock protein, Gene expression, medicine, Animals, Middle cerebral artery occlusion, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, Heat-Shock Proteins, In Situ Hybridization, DNA Primers, Cerebral Cortex, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, General Neuroscience, HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins, medicine.disease, Hsp70, Cortex (botany), Cell biology, Rats, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Autoradiography, Neurology (clinical), Developmental Biology, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract

Cerebral ischemia is associated with the induction of several heat shock proteins (HSPs), but the effects on HSP40 and GrpE are less clear. The present study investigated the induction of Hsp40 and GrpE mRNAs following 30 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat model. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization analyses showed significant induction of both mRNAs in the ischemic cortex. These results demonstrate the synergic induction of HSP70 molecular chaperone machinery in cerebral ischemia.

Published
2002

7. Induction of mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 and 10 mRNAs following transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat

Author

Yuji Owada, Kenji Izaki, Atsuya Okubo, Takashi Yoshimoto, Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Hisatake Kondo, Katsuo Watanabe, Kazuo Mizoi, Shinya Tamura, Hideaki Itoh, and Yohtalou Tashima

Subjects
Male, Ischemia, Hippocampus, In situ hybridization, Biology, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Heat shock protein, Cortex (anatomy), Gene expression, medicine, Chaperonin 10, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, In Situ Hybridization, Cerebral Cortex, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Penumbra, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Anatomy, Chaperonin 60, medicine.disease, Blotting, Northern, Cell biology, Rats, medicine.anatomical_structure, Gene Expression Regulation, Ischemic Attack, Transient, HSP60
Abstract

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) 60 and 10 are stress-inducible mitochondrial matrix proteins that form a chaperonin complex that is important for mitochondrial protein folding and function. The effect of cerebral ischemia on mitochondrial HSPs is unclear. The topographical and chronological patterns of HSP60 and HSP10 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression and induction were investigated in the rat focal cerebral ischemia model. Focal cerebral ischemia was produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 30 or 90 min. Expression of mRNAs was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. RT-PCR analysis showed that both HSP60 and HSP10 mRNA levels increased significantly in the ischemic cortex from 4 to 24 h of reperfusion after 30 min of occlusion. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated significant induction of both mRNAs in the whole ischemic cortex after 30 min of occlusion and in the dorsomedial border (penumbra) of the ischemic cortex and ipsilateral hippocampus after 90 min of occlusion. Expression patterns and the timing of the induction of both HSP60 and HSP10 mRNAs were identical throughout the experiments. Simultaneous induction of the mRNAs for the mitochondrial chaperonins, HSP60 and HSP10, in various regions in focal cerebral ischemia demonstrates that mitochondrial stress conditions persist concomitantly with cytosolic stress conditions in focal cerebral ischemia.

Published
2001

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