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The experiment was carried out during 2019-20 at P-2 Pure Mysore Multivoltine Basic Seed Farm (BSF), National Silkworm Seed Organisation, Nagenahalli, Karnataka to know the effect of nutrient management on the growth and yield of G4 mulberry variety and its subsequent bioassay of multivoltine silkworm, Pure Mysore. The mulberry garden (three years old) with G4 variety planted in paired row system was used for the experiment with seven treatments and three replications. The growth parameters (average of 5 crops) viz., plant height, number of branches per plant, lowest number of leaf in 100g weight, weight of individual leaf, weight of 100 fresh leaf, leaf yield per plant and leaf yield per ha-1were significantly highest (134.6 cm, 14.0, 24.0, 4.18g, 384g, 800g and 55.55 Mt) with the application of 100 % RDF, poshan spray and application of vermicompost at5 t/ha/year. The results of the bio-assay (average of five rearings) also showed the superiority forweight of 10 full grown larvae (27.2 gm), single cocoon weight (1.27g), single shell weight (0.18g), shell ratio (14.25%), ERR (95.00%) pupation (92.00%), number of cocoons/kg (787) and yield per 100 dfls (52.10 kg) in the treatment having 100 % RDF, poshan spray and application of vermicompost of at5 t/ha than other treatments. Combined application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients increased the productivity of the mulberry in G4 variety and subsequently better performance of Pure Mysore multivoltine seed cocoon parameters.

Field experiment was conducted during December 2018 to April 2019 at the Student’s farm, Department of Agriculture Science & Rural Development, Loyola Academy degree and pg college, Secunderabad to find out the effect of bio-stimulants on growth and yield of Brinjal var. Utkarsha. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) and the treatments comprised of: T1- Folicist @ 3 ml l-1, T2 – Fylloton @ 3 ml l-1, T3 – Globalga @ 3 ml l-1, T4 – Tata Bahar @ 2.5 ml l-1, T5 – Neo-Alpha @ 2.5 ml l-1, T6 – Daiwik @ 2.5 ml l-1, T7 – Recommended dose of NPK alone and T8 – control. Biostimulants were applied as foliar spray at pre-flowering, flowering and fruit setting stages. From the results of the experiment, it was observed that all the growth parameters i.e., plant height (92 cm), number of branches (12 plant-1) and number of leaves (38 plant-1) were significantly increased by the application of folicist @ 3.0 ml l-1 and it was at par with tata bahar @ 2.5 ml l-1. Same treatment also resulted significant increase in terms of number of flowers (68 plant-1), number of fruits (29 plant-1). The fruit length (7.8 cm), fruit diameter (8.35 cm), average fruit weight (90 g fruit-1), fruit yield (2.55 kg plant-1) were recorded in foliar application of folicist @ 3 ml l-1 and it was onpar with foliar application of tata bahar 2.5 ml l-1. The lowest values of growth parameters, yield attributes and yield were observed in control (T8). From the present study it can be concluded that application of folicist @ 3.0 ml l-1 will fetch the remuneration to the farmers.

A field experiment was conducted during December 2018 to April 2019 at the Student’s farm, Department of Agriculture Science & Rural Development, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad to know the effect of bio-stimulants on growth and yield of Chilli. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design (RBD) and the treatments comprised of: T1- Folicist @ 3 ml/L, T2 – Fylloton @ 3 ml/L, T3 – Globalga @ 3 ml/L, T4 – Tata Bahar @ 2.5 ml/L, T5 – Neo-Alpha @ 2.5 ml/L, T6 – Daiwik @ 2.5 ml/L, T7 – Recommended dose of NPK, T8 – Control. Biostimulants were applied as foliar spray at pre-flowering, flowering and fruit setting stages. From the results of the experiment, it was observed that all the growth parameters i.e., plant height (85 and 82 cm), no. of branches (29 and 26) and number of leaves/plant (288 and 262) were significantly increased by the application of Folicist @ 3.0 ml/L and Tata Bahar @ 2.5 ml/L compared to other treatments and control (54 cm, 13 and 150). Same treatment application resulted in significant increase interms of no. of flowers/plant (78 and 75), number of fruits/plant (128 and 124) and % fruit set (80.5 and 78.2%). The highest number of fruits/ plant, average fruit weight (110.5 and 105.6 g/ 10 fruits), yield/plant (682 g) were recorded in foliar application of Folicist @ 3 ml/L closely followed by Tata Bahar (674 g) and Daiwik (650 g) and the lowest values were observed in control (410 g). Application of biostimulants significantly increased the vitamin-C content of fruits compared to control.

Diagnosis of human disease is a more difficult and complex process since it requires the consideration of various factors and symptoms to make a decision. Generally, the classification of diseases with fuzzy values is the most interesting topic because of accurate results. In this paper, we design a Bat-based Random Forest (BbRF) framework to enhance the performance of categorizing diseases with fuzzy values which also protect the privacy of the developed scheme. It involves pre-processing, attributes selection, fuzzy value generation, and classification. Additionally, the developed framework is implemented in Python tool and patient disease datasets are used for implementation. Moreover, pre-processing remove the error and noise, attributes are selected based on the duration of diseases. Finally, classify the patient disease based on the generated fuzzy value. To prove the efficiency of the developed framework, attained results are compared with other existing techniques in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F-measure, and precision.

A novel sulfur–oleylamine copolymer as a promising sorbent to selectively recover Cu2+ ions from a mixture of metal ions in acidic pH and its potential applications in battery recycling.

Here, we report two-step synthesis of amorphous nickel–copper carbonate hydroxide on nickel–copper carbonophosphate (a-NiCu(OH)2CO3/Na3NiCuCO3PO4) using the alkaline (1 M KOH) etching of hydrothermally prepared Na3NiCuCO3PO4 at room temperature.

The spectral polynomial of a graph is the characteristic polynomial of its adjacency matrix. Spectral polynomial of the splice and links of complete graph and star have been obatined recently in the literature. In this paper we generalize these results using the concept of equitable partition.

Crop residue incorporation is a key component of sustainable cropping systems. It reduces the adverse effects of residue burning and enhances soil fertility. Effective usage of crop residue in the field and proper management are required. With this background, a field experiment was conducted during 2020 – 21 in the maize-rice cropping sequence at Annamalai University Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu to find out the residual effect of different mulching practices adopted in preceding maize crop and maize stubble incorporation on the growth, yield and economics of transplanted rice Var. ADT 46. The field experiment was conducted in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. In factor I, soil moisture conservation in preceding maize crop viz., mulching of sugarcane trash, water hyacinth, hydrogel and control were allotted. In factor II, different levels of maize crop stubble incorporation on rice viz., 0, 33, 66 and 100% were provided. Water hyacinth mulched plot (M3) to the preceding crop registered significantly (þ

Plans for land and water management in the Tumkur district of Karnataka's Halayapura micro-watershed were created using geospatial tools. The examination of morphological traits in a micro-watershed employed Arc GIS software. According to the current study, the drainage system had a dendritic design with trunk order 4. The micro-watershed has a maximum area of 503 ha, a maximum length of 4.40 km, and a maximum width of 2.20 km. The bifurcation ratio had a mean value of 2.5. It shows that there have been less structural disturbances to the micro-watershed. The region has permeable subsurface material, according to the drainage density value of 0.851 km. The micro-watershed is becoming closer to the watershed's elongated shape, according to the form factor value. The groundwater that can be used is 41.7 mm (70% of the expected recharge of 59.6 mm), and the recharge factor that was discovered was 7%. This indicates that 256.0 mm of water is total accessible resource, which includes soil moisture store, utilisable runoff, and recharge. Currently, 19.4% of the usable runoff is being used, and harvesting and conservation buildings are encouraging 9% of the extra water.

User authentication has become vital with the advancement in technologies that comes with an increased threat to security. Biometrics is typically used to secure the data of individuals based on their unique features, such as fingerprints, retinas, and hand geometry. Template transformation is a technique in which the original feature vectors are transformed into modified feature vectors. When these templates are transformed and stored, it becomes difficult for imposters to hack the system. Existing systems store and secure these templates based on key generation. When the key information is compromised, the system can be easily hacked. Hence, in the proposed system, the templates are transformed using a modified list ranking algorithm and then stored for verification. Also, in order to improve security, instead of using a single biometric, the proposed system obtains biometric data from left fingerprints, right fingerprints and palm prints and fuses them into a single feature vector set. Thus, even when the repository is attacked, it would be very difficult to break into the system. The proposed system provides a 2.9 % equal error rate compared with existing systems.

Photoinduced spin-charge interconversion in semiconductors with spin-orbit coupling could provide a route to optically addressable spintronics without the use of external magnetic fields. However, in structurally disordered polycrystalline semiconductors, which are being widely explored for device applications, the presence and role of spin-associated charge currents remains unclear. Here, using femtosecond circular-polarization-resolved pump-probe microscopy on polycrystalline halide perovskite thin films, we observe the photoinduced ultrafast formation of spin domains on the micrometre scale formed through lateral spin currents. Micrometre-scale variations in the intensity of optical second-harmonic generation and vertical piezoresponse suggest that the spin-domain formation is driven by the presence of strong local inversion symmetry breaking via structural disorder. We propose that this leads to spatially varying Rashba-like spin textures that drive spin-momentum-locked currents, leading to local spin accumulation. Ultrafast spin-domain formation in polycrystalline halide perovskite films provides an optically addressable platform for nanoscale spin-device physics.

Introduction: Distal end radius fractures are one the foremost common injuries of the upper extremity. Greatest prevalence was noticed elderly women who fall on their outstretched hand and young men involved in impact injuries. This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of Orthoped Materials And Methods: ics, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B.G.NAGARA after obtaining ethical clearance. This study consisted of 20 adult patients of either sex visiting outpatient department of the hospital/ casualty diagnosed to have distal end radius fractures with the involvement of radial and intermediate columns. Patients satisfying inclusion criteria were included in the study during the period from February 2021 to August 2022 In present stud Results: y 20 cases there were 12 males and 08 females with average age of presentation was 41.5 years, there was a predominance of right sided fractures when compared to the left. Mean duration between admission and surgery was 3.2 days, the mean duration of complete radiological union was 6.6 weeks. We have achieved excellent results in 50% of cases, good results in 25%, fair results 25%, and no poor results. Complications like Stitch abscess, stiffness, reduced range of motion, Persistent pain syndrome seen in 4 (20%) cases Conclusion: This present study shows that volar locking plate is a better technique in view of shorter operative time, less hardware, reduction in blood loss, less tendon irritation, lesser risk of neuromuscular injury. However this is a short term study with small sample size, needs long term follow up to predict further outcome

Anacardium occidentale L. is a Brazilian tree with phenolic lipids in abundance. The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) can reach a height of 15 m and has a strong, twisted trunk and woody branches. It is found in tropical nations such as Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique, and belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. In English, Anacardium occidentale is known as cashew. The cashew tree yields a variety of items. A. occidentale's bark, leaves, and shell oil offers therapeutic properties. Antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and larvicides properties are all present in this species. Anthocyanins, carotenoids, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), flavonoids, and other polyphenols, as well as mineral components, are abundant in this tree. In folk medicine, the bark and leaves are employed. The main role of this review is to accumulate and organize articles on Anacardium occidentale and its proven pharmacological action and mechanism of action.

The structure and landform of watershed and their associated stream networks are described mainly by their morphometric parameters and Watershed analysis based on morphometric parameters is very important for watershed planning, since it gives an idea about the basin characteristics regarding slope, topography, soil condition, runoff characteristics, surface water potential and quantify the linear, areal and relief aspects of watershed. Geographic information system and remote sensing techniques were employed for the identification of morphological features, drainage pattern and its planning in basin area. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (DEM) 30m resolution was used to digitize study watershed and generate drainage pattern and analysis done using GIS software and excel spreadsheet. The study reveals that Chilenahalli micro-watershed designated as 4thstream order and drainage indicate dendritic pattern with mature geomorphic stage and stream order verifies the Horton’s law of stream number. The Mean Bifurcation Ratio was found to be 4.46, which indicates low rainfall, shallow weathering and low dissection of the valley and it shows low to medium relief aspect during investigation of the basin. This can be visualised using DEM, relief ratio, ruggedness number, and slope maps of the study area. The drainage density was found to be 2.13 km/km2which indicate a low class Dd value, thereby indicating a poorly drained watershed with low response to hydrological parameters. The texture ratio of the micro-watershed is 3.52, which indicated coarse texture of drainage basin and the values of Form Factor, Circulatory ratio and Elongation ratio may imply an oval shape of the basin with a slightly elongated main stream and the length of overland flow values in this study is 0.23 km which shows moderate infiltration and percolation characteristics of soil. The study which also helps in planning erosion control strategy, prioritization of watershed and management practices for soil and rainwater conservation. The research study helps to formulate the selection and adoption of crop management practices by preparing soil map of the watershed in future.

An epoxy with 7% polyaniline (PANI) powder coating by electrostatic deposition is proposed to enhance the corrosion resistance of AZ61 magnesium alloys. The coating thickness is varied from 85 to 130 microns, and the results are compared to the corrosion resistance of epoxy coated and uncoated AZ61 magnesium alloy. The surface characterization and corrosion behaviour of AZ61 magnesium alloy + epoxy/PANI coating are examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, salt spray test, potentiodynamic test and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is observed that the polymer coating protects the base metal against corrosion and the corrosion resistance increases with coating thickness. The corrosion rate of the uncoated, 130 µm coating thickness of epoxy coated and epoxy/PANI coated AZ magnesium alloy is observed to be 0.5379, 0.0869 and 0.0372 mm/year, respectively. The corrosion resistance of epoxy/PANI coating is superior to the epoxy coating. The increase in corrosion resistance of the epoxy/PANI coated AZ61 alloy is attributed to the physical insulation and suppression of magnesium dissolution.

Over recent decades, ambiguous ground vibration induced by blasting operation can cause extensive damage to structures, lives and fields in and around mine premises. As a consequence, it is indispensable to measure the ambiguous ground vibration intensity levels for assessing and reduce their perilous impact. In this investigation, estimation and evaluation of blast-induced ground vibration in terms of peak particle velocity (PPV) through the ensemble machine learning intelligent algorithms were carried out. One hundred and 21 experimental and blasting events were monitored to collect the real-time field data in Mine-A, India. The collected data was randomly split into training and testing to generate models. Eight input parameters include number of holes, burden, spacing, hole diameter, hole depth, top stemming, maximum explosive charge per delay and the distance were selected for development of ensemble machine learning algorithms. An eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and random forest (RF) ensemble model, Decision Tree were developed to assess the PPV levels. In addition to that, four empirical predictor models proposed by the US Bureau of Mines, Langefors–Kihlstrom, Central Mining Research Institute, and Bureau of Indian Standards were applied to derive a relation between PPV and its influencing parameters. The accuracy and efficiency of developed models can be determined by performance evaluation metrics chosen as the coefficient of determination (R2), and root mean square error (RMSE). Among all models, yielded results evidence that the Decision Tree ensemble model with the R2 of 0.9549, and RMSE of 0.0444 was more precise optimum model to assess the PPV. Besides, a sensitivity analysis method was applied in this current study to know the role of the input parameters in estimating PPV. The determined results inferred that burden, number of holes and top stemming are more influenced parameters on the intensity of PPV levels.

Background: From time immemorial, natural products have been used for the treatment of various diseases. Various natural products, their semisynthetic derivatives, and synthetic analogs have been explored for their anti-infective properties. One such group of natural compounds that has been widely explored is manzamine alkaloids. Manzamine alkaloids are complex natural compounds consisting of a β-carboline nucleus attached to a pentacyclic ring system; they were first isolated from a marine sponge during the 1980s. Objective: This review aims to provide a critical overview on the anti-infective potential of manzamine alkaloids. Method: A comprehensive and exhaustive review of the literature on manzamine alkaloids, and their isolation, anti-infective properties, and mechanism of action, is presented. Results: Various manzamine alkaloids have been isolated and have been found to exhibit potent antiinfective activities like antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral, antifungal, antileishmanial, among others. These manzamine alkaloids exhibit their anti-infective activity by inhibiting targets like GSK-3β, MtSK. Conclusion: This present review along with structure-activity relationship study of manzamine alkaloids for their anti-infective activity will be useful for further development of semisynthetic manzamine analogs as potent anti-infective agents with better therapeutic potential and reduced toxicity.

Nowadays, standard intake of healthy food is necessary for keeping a balanced diet to avoid health issues in the human body. This project proposes a food recognition system that uses a convolution neural network as a base model for image prediction and then returns nutrition facts such as calories in the given single food image. Knowing the nutrition content of the food that we are consuming helps in maintaining balanced diet. We have aimed with a variety of food categories, each containing thousands of images, and through machine learning training to achieve higher classification accuracy. Firstly, we have planned to train and optimize a CNN, state-of-art model using Tensorflow, we are using CNN as the convolution layers are tweak able and easy to implement. Second, we adapt our model with GUI features as well as nutrition analysis.

Ficus hispida is commonly known as Hairy fig. It is a shrub or tree mainly found throughout India and also in parts of China, Sri Lanka, Australia and Myanmar. Various parts of Ficus hispida like leaf, bark, stem, root, leaves, fruits and also latex is used for medicinal purpose. Different extracts of Ficus hispida have been investigated for pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, hepatoprotective, anticonvulsant, anti-ulcer activities. Phyto constituents such as terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols and glycosides present in Ficus hispida contribute to these activities. Ficus hispida is rich in pharmacological activities and is used as traditional medicine from ancient times. This review article aims to discuss morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of Ficus hispida.

Keyword analysis technique has been employed to measure the frequency of author-supplied keywords that represent contents and concepts. To identify patterns, trends and intellectual structure of Scientometrics publications from 2014 to 2018, the study examined 7879 keywords from 1548 articles extracted from the SpringerLink database. Further, these keywords were standardised using vocabulary tools. The period considered for the study is divided into two sectors, i.e. 2014-2016 and 2017-2018 with the intention of rendering dynamic changes in research interest in recent period. The results show that Bibliometric analysis and subsequently Citation analysis have been the most popular research topics. Scientometrics, Network analysis, Patent analysis, and Altmetrics have emerged during the study period. The study shows that published content indicates some well-established research topics.

Sushree Sarathi,1 Bijayini Behera,1 Ashoka Mahapatra,1 Sarita Mohapatra,2 Jayanti Jena,1 Saurav Nayak3 1Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences [AIIMS], Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India; 2Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences [AIIMS], New Delhi, 110608, India; 3Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences [AIIMS], Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, IndiaCorrespondence: Ashoka Mahapatra, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences [AIIMS], Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India, Tel +919437302030, Email meetasoka@yahoo.co.inPurpose: Elizabethkingia is an emerging non-fermenting Gram-negative bacillus (NFGNB) causing bloodstream infections (BSI) associated with high mortality. It demonstrates a unique antimicrobial profile in showing susceptibility to antimicrobials effective against Gram-positive bacteria. This study was undertaken to determine the overall frequency of Elizabethkingia BSI, associated risk factors, microbiological susceptibility, and clonal relationship of Elizabethkingia isolates using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR).Patients and Methods: Elizabethkingia isolates obtained from the blood culture of admitted patients (August 2020–December 2021) were identified by the VITEK 2 system and subjected to an antimicrobial susceptibility test by standard procedures. Demographics, co-morbidities, risk factors for survival, and outcome were summarized and analyzed by Chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier curve, and Cox regression. Clonal relatedness between Elizabethkingia isolates was analyzed using ERIC‑PCR fingerprinting with the “PAST: Paleontological statistics software package”.Results: Of 13,747 blood samples received during the study period, 13.59% were culture positive, and 14.60% were NFGNBs. The frequency of Elizabethkingia spp. among all NFGNBs in BSI was 29.30%, and the overall prevalence in BSI was 4.21%. In patients with Elizabethkingia BSI, Foley’s catheter was present in 81.25% of the cases. 100% susceptibility was observed to linezolid, followed by vancomycin (98.75%) and chloramphenicol (89.5%). The 30-day mortality rate in the patients of Elizabethkingia BSI was 26.25%. The Presence of COVID-19, pneumonia, diabetes mellitus (DM), mechanical ventilation (MV), and prior antibiotics were significantly different (p< 0.05) between the survival and death groups. ERIC-PCR profile dendrogram of Elizabethkingia isolates showed ten major clusters indicating high genetic diversity.Conclusion: Elizabethkingia was responsible for one-third of NFGNB BSI in a single-center study, with approximately 26% of 30-day all-cause mortality. Most isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. COVID-19 was the most significant risk factor associated with mortality. ERIC-PCR of Elizabethkingia isolates exhibited high genetic diversity.Keywords: Elizabethkingia, bloodstream infection, risk factor, ERIC PCR typing

Quasi-1D nanoribbons provide a unique route to diversifying the properties of their parent 2D nanomaterial, introducing lateral quantum confinement and an abundance of edge sites. Here, a new family of nanomaterials is opened with the creation of arsenic-phosphorus alloy nanoribbons (AsPNRs). By ionically scissoring the layered crystal black arsenic-phosphorus using lithium electride followed by dissolution in amidic solvents, solutions of AsPNRs are formed. The ribbons are typically few-layered, several microns long with widths tens of nanometers across, and both highly flexible and crystalline. The AsPNRs are highly electrically conducting above 130 K due to their small band gap (ca. 0.035 eV), paramagnetic, and have high hole mobilities, as measured with the first generation of AsP devices, directly highlighting their properties and utility in electronic devices

Reproductive behavioural studies on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) were investigated at temperature 27 ± 2ᵒC and Relative humidity of 65–70% and photoperiod of 12L: 12D at Department of Agricultural Entomology UAS, Raichur. Adult emergence of moths was observed throughout the day. Wherein, 22.5 per cent of moths emerged during photophase (6.00pm to 5.00am) and 77.50 per cent of moths emerged during scotophase (18.00 to 12.00). Calling behaviour of S. frugiperda females observed from one to eight days. Female started calling from 2nd hour of scotophase (19.00) and terminated at 11th hour of scotophase (04.00). The mean number females called was maximum at 6th hour of scotophase in three-day old moth. None of the females called during 1st hour of scotophase. Mating of S. frugiperda observed throughout scotophase up to 8 days. The results showed that highest mating occurred in three day old moths. These studies provide valuable information for indentation of sex pheromones and also helps in semiochemical based pest management.

Thermodynamic properties of fluids confined in nanopores differ from those observed in the bulk. To investigate the effect of nanoconfinement on water compressibility, we performed water sorption experiments on two nanoporous glass samples while concomitantly measuring the speed of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves in these samples. These measurements yield the longitudinal and shear moduli of the water laden nanoporous glass as a function of relative humidity that we utilized in the Gassmann theory to infer the bulk modulus of the confined water. This analysis shows that the bulk modulus (inverse of compressibility) of confined water is noticeably higher than that of the bulk water at the same temperature. Moreover, the modulus exhibits a linear dependence on the Laplace pressure. The results for water, which is a polar fluid, agree with previous experimental and numerical data reported for non-polar fluids. This similarity suggests that irrespective of intermolecular forces, confined fluids are stiffer than bulk fluids. Accounting for fluid stiffening in nanopores may be important for accurate interpretation of wave propagation measurements in fluid-filled nanoporous media, including in petrophysics, catalysis, and other applications, such as in porous materials characterization.

Background The anterolateral thigh free flap is an option for repairing soft tissue defects of the distal lower extremity. This flap uses the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral (LCF) artery as the flap vessel. The recipient vessel in these flaps is often the anterior tibial (AT), posterior tibial (PT), or peroneal (P) arteries. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) evaluation of anastomoses between these vessels can optimize outcomes. Methods Thirty-eight CFD models were created to model end-to-side (ETS) and end-to-end (ETE) anastomoses for lower extremity reconstruction. Seven out of thirty-eight models represented ETS anastomoses between the LCF and AT arteries with varying anastomotic angles. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented 45-degree ETS anastomoses between varying diameters of the LCF and AT, PT, and P arteries. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented stenosis on the flap vessel and recipient vessel, pre- and post-bifurcation. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented ETE anastomoses, rather than ETS, with varying vessel diameters. Four out of thirty-eight models represented ETE anastomoses with varying regions and levels of stenosis. Results Stasis of blood flow in ETS models increased as anastomotic angle increased in a logarithmic relationship (R 2 = 0.918). Flow was optimized overall as flap and recipient vessel diameters approached one another. In ETS models, flap vessel and postbifurcation recipient vessel stenosis were found to substantially increase stasis. Conclusion Selection of flap and recipient vessels with similar diameters can optimize outcomes in microvascular anastomoses. In the context of lower extremity reconstruction with the ALT flap, the PT artery can be recommended as a first-line recipient vessel due to its similar vessel caliber to the LCF and relative ease of surgical access compared with the P artery. Avoidance of areas of stenosis is recommended to ensure laminar flow and reduce the operative difficulty associated with performing anastomoses on nonpliable arteries. Striving for increased acuity of anastomotic angles is recommended to optimize the flow in ETS microvascular anastomoses.

The present study was carried out to perceive the effects of dietary supplementation of nano-chromium on nutrient utilization and carcass traits in broiler chickens. For this, 120 unsexed day-old broiler chickens were procured and randomly allocated into four different treatment groups with three replicates in each. The control group (T0) was fed with a standard basal diet as per BIS (2007). Treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 were fed the basal diet with 400, 800, and 1600 ppb levels of nano-chromium, respectively for six weeks. Dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrate metabolizability were significantly improved in treatment groups T2 and T3; while organic matter and ether extract retention were found significantly higher in treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 when compared with a control group. There was no significant difference in the yield of cut-up parts (% live body weight). The supplementation of nano-chromium did not bring any significant changes in processing loss i.e. blood, feather, head, and shank, but abdominal fat was significantly reduced with increasing levels of nano-chromium. Hence, it can be concluded that dietary supplementation of 1600 ppb nano-chromium in the diet of broiler chicken improved nutrient utilization and lowered abdominal fat in broiler chicken.

Citrus fruits are well-known for their active constituents, Citrus maxima or Pomelo is one such fruit of the genus Citrus that is widely significant for its dietary and traditional values. Its array of phytoconstituents is highly regarded from pharmacological perspective. Its botanical description boasts of vibrant anatomical and morphological characteristics. Citrus maxima fruit is the largest Citrus fruit belonging to the family Rutaceae, native to south-east Asian countries. It’s commonly called as Pomelo, Shaddock or Pummelo. In addition to its nutritional-value it has received wide-spread appreciation and acceptance for its phytochemical, ethnobotanical, pharmacological and medicinal properties. Various extracts of Citrus maxima have been scientifically evaluated in experimental animal models to be effective in treatment of microbial diseases, diabetes, oxidative-stress, hepatic damage, algesia, inflammation and as depressant in CNS etc. They are rich in several important vitamins, minerals and phytoconstituents such as carbohydrates, flavonoids, carotenoids, coumarins, monoterpenes, triterpenes, benzenoids, steroids and citric acid. This review paper presents an overview of the Citrus maxima fruit and its pharmacological actions.

Protein is one of the major macronutrients essential in human nutrition. Protein sources especially animal sourced proteins are expensive, thus much work has been carried out to explore alternative protein sources. Seaweeds, or macroalgae, are emerging as one of the alternative protein sources. They are rich in protein with an excellent amino acid profile comparable to the other conventional protein sources. Seaweed protein contains bioactive components, such as free amino acids, peptides, lectins, and phycobiliproteins, including phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, among others. Seaweed proteins have been proved for their antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiviral, antimicrobial, and many other beneficial functional properties. Therefore, seaweed proteins can be a natural alternative source for functional food development. This paper discusses the compositional and nutritional aspects of seaweed protein, protein extraction techniques, functional properties of various seaweed proteins, as well as their safety for new product development and functional food applications.

BACKGROUND Postoperative prolonged air leakage is a frequent complication after lung resection. We have developed a new sealant based on a hydrophobically modified Alaska pollock-derived gelatin (ApGltn) sealant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adhesive strength of the ApGltn sealant in comparison with a fibrin sealant using a new spray system in ex vivo and in vivo models. METHODS Pleural defects in ex vivo and in vivo porcine models were created, to which the ApGltn sealant or the fibrin sealant was applied. The pressure resistance was assessed with a stepwise increase in airway pressure to confirm air leakage from the sealing site. Tissue samples covered with each sealant were obtained for histologic assessment. RESULTS In the ex vivo experiment, the leak pressures of the ApGltn sealant were significantly greater than those of the fibrin sealant (102.94 ± 15.6 cm H2O and 28.37 ± 5.1 cm H2O, respectively) (P < .01). In the in vivo experiment, the leak pressures of the ApGltn sealant were also significantly greater than those of the fibrin sealant (68.82 ± 18.04 cm H2O and 43.33 ± 7.13 cm H2O, respectively) (P = .043). The histologic examination confirmed that the ApGltn sealant adhered tightly to both the pleura and the surface of the pleural defect. CONCLUSIONS The ApGltn sealant has sufficiently high adhesive quality in ex vivo and in vivo porcine lungs, which could be considered suitable and effective for use in the prevention of air leakage from the lungs.

The production of clean hydrogen and oxygen in the recent years gained significant research interest owing to the serious climate change arising from the rapid and excessive use of fossil fuels. In this report, a simple method has been proposed to synthesize chromium vanadate (CrVO4) nanoparticles. The prepared CrVO4 nanoparticles were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The thoroughly characterized CrVO4 nanoparticles were coated on the nickel foam (NF). Electrochemical performance of the CrVO4 towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is evaluated for the first time. The CrVO4/NF exhibits 50 mA cm-2 at an overpotential of ~605 mV and this observed overpotential is significantly lower than the overpotential exhibited by bare NF (775 mV). The observed low overpotential demonstrates good OER performance of the prepared CrVO4 nanoparticles.

Objective The performance of Xpert Carba-R assay for the direct identification of carbapenemases directly from positive blood culture vials was evaluated. Materials and Methods In total, 176 positively flagged blood culture vials, yielding carbapenem-resistant GNB (CR-GNB), were enrolled for the detection and differentiation of blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaOXA-48, and blaIMP using Xpert Carba-R. Results Klebsiella pneumoniae (76/176, 43.1%), Acinetobacter baumannii complex (67/176, 38%), and Escherichia coli (29/176,16.4%) were the predominant isolates. Overall, NDM production was the commonest (61/176, 34.6%), followed by the co-production of NDM + OXA-48 and the absence of any CR gene (44/176, 25%), followed by OXA-48 (27/176, 15.3%). In CR K. pneumoniae, the co-production of NDM + OXA-48 was most frequent (34/76, 44.7%), whereas in the A. baumannii complex, no CR gene was detected in the majority of isolates (38/67, 56.7%). bla NDM was the commonest gene in E. coli (18/29, 62%) and A. baumannii complex (26/67, 38.8%). Conclusion Xpert Carba-R can identify the molecular mechanism of CR within hours after a blood culture turns positive and, thus, has the potential for optimization of antimicrobial therapy, choosing appropriate novel β-lactam combination agents, as well as infection control interventions.

Patients on mechanical ventilation tend to have a multitude of biochemical changes, many due to adrenal suppression or functional adrenal insufficiency Abnormal levels of gonadal steroids poses significant physiologic effects in critically ill patients. Hypotestosteronemia, defined as a serum total testosterone level

The use of polymeric materials has grown widely in various sectors such as packaging, building, electronic, automotive, and aerospace industries. Particularly, Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene has wide engineering applications and is used in large quantities in automotive oil pans, gears, slides, cams, bearings, fluid reservoirs, and the sports industry. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state process in joining thermoplastic materials. In this investigation, FSW process must be applied to join a UHMWPE plate of 10 mm thickness with specially designed triangular tool pin profile. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of main friction stir welding (FSW) parameters on the quality of UHMWPE plate welds. FSW machine, using a tool with a stationary shoulder and no external heating system. The welding parameters studied were the tool rotational speed which varied between 1300 and 1500 (rpm); the traverse speed which varied between 15 and 25 (mm/min), and the axial force ranging from 8 to 10 (KN). Good quality welds are achieved without using external heating, when the tool rotational speed and axial force are above a certain threshold. For high rotational speed and axial force welds have poor material mixing at the retreating side and mild voids at the nugget, tensile strength also obtained very poor. The hardness angle distortion and bead geometry also evaluated. Taguchi design optimum parameters and ANNOVA were found. Keywords: FSW, Tool Profile, Taguchi, HRM, Polyethylene

Agriculture is the main occupation of rural India, which promotes economic growth in the country's development. To increase the yield of the crops to feed the increasing population, it is essential to identify the crops which can be grown in the respective zones. In this article, the Fused Classifier Algorithm (FCA) and Interfused Machine Learning Algorithm (IMLA) are proposed to predict crops suitable for the land based on the zones and agro-climatic parameters. Focusing on the zones of the Karnataka region, the model predicts the crop to the farmers. The different machine learning models such as naïve Bayes, decision tree, neighbors, multilayer perceptron have also been evaluated by varying the hyperparameters and checked for accuracy of the models built. The FCA algorithm merges different algorithms using the error rate with hyperparameters tuning and is given to IMLA to predict crops. This article also compares different machine learning classifiers with the proposed IMLA algorithm, which shows better accuracy with 82.7%.