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Оценивается эффективность двух основных видов материальной поддержки российских семей, имеющих ребенка в возрасте до 3 лет: пособие по уходу за ним до 1,5 лет и компенсационная выплата до достижения ребенком 3 лет. В ходе анализа порядка исчисления и размера выплат раскрывается их неэффективность, а в отношении компенсационной выплаты ставится вопрос о нецелесообразности назначения. Выдвигаются предложения законотворческого характера, реализация которых способна решить данную проблему. Efficiency of two main types of material support of the Russian families having the child aged up to 3 years is estimated: a grant on care of him up to 1,5 years and compensation payment before achievement of 3 years by the child. During the analysis of an order of calculation and the amount of payments their inefficiency reveals, and concerning compensation payment the question of inexpediency of appointment is raised. Proposals of legislative character which implementation is capable to solve a dannuyunny problem are made.

Данная статья посвящена расширению традиционного понимания роли вузов в формировании личности и ценностных ориентиров молодого поколения. Автор кратко представил результаты опросов студентов ведущих университетов уральского региона и сделал выводы, отражающие способность вузов создавать социальный портрет молодежи, адаптированный к неоиндустриальной картине мира и позволяющий ей успешно существовать в ней. This article is devoted to expansion of traditional understanding of a role of higher education institutions in formation of the personality and valuable reference points of the younger generation. The author briefly presented results of polls of students of leading universities of the Ural region and drew the conclusions reflecting ability of higher education institutions to create the social portrait of youth adapted for a new industrial picture of the world and allowing it to exist successfully in it.

В статье рассмотрен институт высшего образования в России и США, дан сравнительный анализ высших школ России и США, показано, что российское образование в настоящее время находится в стадии реформирования. The article considers the institute of higher education in Russia and the USA, gives the comparative analysis of the higher education institutions of Russia and the USA; it is shown that Russian education is in the process of reforming.

Drosophila melanogaster plays an important role in molecular, genetic, and genomic studies of heredity, development, metabolism, behavior, and human disease. The initial reference genome sequence reported more than a decade ago had a profound impact on progress in Drosophila research, and improving the accuracy and completeness of this sequence continues to be important to further progress. We previously described improvement of the 117-Mb sequence in the euchromatic portion of the genome and 21 Mb in the heterochromatic portion, using a whole-genome shotgun assembly, BAC physical mapping, and clone-based finishing. Here, we report an improved reference sequence of the single-copy and middle-repetitive regions of the genome, produced using cytogenetic mapping to mitotic and polytene chromosomes, clone-based finishing and BAC fingerprint verification, ordering of scaffolds by alignment to cDNA sequences, incorporation of other map and sequence data, and validation by whole-genome optical restriction mapping. These data substantially improve the accuracy and completeness of the reference sequence and the order and orientation of sequence scaffolds into chromosome arm assemblies. Representation of the Y chromosome and other heterochromatic regions is particularly improved. The new 143.9-Mb reference sequence, designated Release 6, effectively exhausts clone-based technologies for mapping and sequencing. Highly repeat-rich regions, including large satellite blocks and functional elements such as the ribosomal RNA genes and the centromeres, are largely inaccessible to current sequencing and assembly methods and remain poorly represented. Further significant improvements will require sequencing technologies that do not depend on molecular cloning and that produce very long reads., This work was supported by NIH grants P50 HG00750 (G.M.R.), R01 HG00747 (G.H.K.), and R01 HG002673 (S.E.C.) and performed under U.S. Department of Energy Contracts DE-AC0376SF00098 and DE-AC02-05CH11231, University of California. I.F.Z. was supported by grant 13-04-40137 from the Russian Federation; E.N.A. was supported by grant 12-04-00874-a from the Russian Federation; P.D. was supported by a grant from the Instituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; A.V. was supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad grant BFU2011-30295-C02-01; and A.B.C. was supported by NIH grant R01 GM064590 and grants from Fundaçao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).