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High temperatures during flowering stage affects the seed setting in maize and thereby result in significant yield penalties in recent changing climate era. Based on the daily maximum temperature data of the maize growing season from 1971 to 2019 at the surface meteorological observatory in Henan Province of China and maize observation data at the agricultural meteorological observatory, an early warning grade of high temperatures during the summer maize flowering stage was constructed. The daily maximum temperature of the summer maize flowering stage was ≥ 32 °C as the critical threshold of high temperature disaster, and ≥ 35 °C as the threshold of high temperature disaster. The number of high temperature days (HD) ≥ 32 °C and ≥ 35 °C during 10 days of the summer maize flowering stage were counted. The sequence of high temperature days of summer maize flowering stage was constructed and its normal distribution characteristics were verified. The quartile value of the normal distribution sequence was selected as the threshold value of high temperature in different grades, and the high temperature heat damage in the summer maize flowering stage was divided into three early warning meteorological grades. The index verification of the early warning meteorological grade was carried out by using the observation data of kernel number per ear in the agricultural meteorological station for maize. The results showed that the three grade indexes corresponding to the number of high temperature days with daily maximum temperature ≥ 32 °C were: 3 ≤ HD HD HD ≥ 7 (Grade III) and the three grade indexes corresponding to high temperature days ≥ 35 °C were: 2 ≤ HD HD HD ≥ 5 (Grade III). The constructed indexes were verified as follows, the number of high temperature days ≥ 32 °C at about 90% stations was significantly negatively correlated with the number of maize grains per ear, and 74% stations which the number of high temperature days ≥ 35 °C was significantly negatively correlated with the number of maize grains per ear. Applying this index to evaluate the high temperature risk in the flowering period, we can indicate that the high temperature risk had trend of increasing gradually from north to south. In conclusion, the constructed high temperature warning meteorological grade index during the flowering stage could accurately reflect the damage grade of maize during the flowering stage.

A content analysis of the editorial pages of the Birmingham News from 1960 to 1964 shows that, despite its staunch segregationist stance, the paper's editorial pages, nonetheless, produced strong integrationist narratives. This paradox was borne of discordant interpretations of 14th Amendment rights featured in the Supreme Court's Plessy (1896) and Brown (1954) decisions. Rise of staunch segregationist groups and officials after the Court's 1954 Brown decision drove News editors to embrace greater democratic pluralism. The evolution in editorial approach corresponded to the paper's gradual adoption of Brown's interpretations of 14th Amendment rights. Change in the valence of the paper's narratives supports Condit’s (1987) thesis that rhetorical “crafting” of public morality about race brought about greater tolerance and acceptance of racial equality in America.

Speech has apparent indications of the intended meanings, and implicit connotations that can be reached from the context in which it is said, so the speaker implicates a specific meaning above what he declares in his speech for an intention desired and required by speech (), and the Implicature is one of the evidence that Arab scholars used to determine the verbal connotations , the speaker can broaden the saying to express explicit meanings, or intensify it to express implicit meanings that require the competence of the recipient to understand its connotations. The act of implication in the book of al-Husayn and the heroine of Karbala had an effective effect to achieve the intended purpose of the argumentative act. Sheikh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyeh, as one of the members of the Front for Convergence of Schools, was able to express the issues contained in the sayings that make up a reasoning. In order to achieve Arab-Islamic unity. First: Implicature in Language: ((In all forms it refers to the meaning of the continuity and completeness of a thing, and from it is the judiciary to decide in judgment, which is the Almighty’s saying: {(Jonah, verse 19), it was decided between them, i.e. to separate the judgment between them... And his saying: And we decreed that matter to him: meaning, we finished it to him and informed him of that.} Implicature Idiomatically: It is one of the terms used by the fundamentalists and Muslim theologians, as Al-Ghazali (d. Or from where the uttered cannot exist legally except with it, or from where it is impossible to prove it rationally without it). As for Al-Abyari (d. 618 A.H.), he defined it: ((that it is understood by the pronunciation, and it is not pronounced by it, but it is from the necessity of what is pronounced by it)), for example: {must set free a believing slave} (Women, verse 92), which is required legally because it is owned; As he is freed from what the son of Adam does not possess, so it increases for him to be the estimation of speech: liberating a slave slave)), so it is necessary from this that the implicit necessities of the utterance do not appear in the pronunciation, and it must be true of the articulation, and Anne RuPaul and Jacques Mochlar considered it a reason for the development of pragmatics And they defined it as ((the content that the sentence conveys in a non-explicit manner)). It is what should be accepted in communication so that the interlocutors can understand, such as Zaid quitting smoking bears the following information: 1- Zaid does not smoke at the moment, and this is the authorized meaning in the operative. 2- Zaid smoked before, and this is what is required from the operative. 3- It is better to do the same, which is an implicit content that only emerges in special verbal circumstances, and when used in intended contexts. It ((corresponds to the semantic verb in the division of Austin, which represents part of the verbal verb, but (Searl) made it independent of the phonetic and syntactic verb)). As for Decro, he distinguished the concept of Implication with two components. It is a lingual assigns to each independent executing sentence a specific description, and a rhetorical one that emanates from the sentence; To communicate to the speaker something implicit in its literal structure, which is shown through the communicative maqam. And ((Implication falls within the direct linguistic verbs, as the utterance denotes it explicitly, even if it is not marked by an action verb in the structure of the uttered)). It is noticeable that the structure of the Implication for the fundamentalists is very similar to the structure of the Implication for the Western pragmatics in the following points: The conditionality that characterizes the requirement. The intrinsic feature. The imperative takes precedence over the imperative, and the prerequisite is the meaning or the rational imperative assessed as a necessity, and the prerequisite is the one that requires an implicit command. There have been many translations of the term into necessity, presupposition, and inclusion of presumption, requisite, and implicature.

The general circulation models estimated an average increase in global surface temperature about 4 °C (2.9 to 5.5 °C). Escalating temperature and extreme weather events are causing higher variations in substantial grain yield losses in cereal crops leading to food insecurity. Temperature flux, more notably high temperature,, affects plants' physio-biochemical processes, resulting in serious yield reduction and quality due to poor agronomic management in plants. Despite the impact of global insecurity on world food production, limited success has been achieved to heat stress adaptation. Extensive research has been made to assess the consequences of abiotic stresses in early growth stages and endurance under subsequent intensity. However, the consequences of abiotic, especially heat/high-temperature stress on reproductive growth, development, and phenology of cereals, received comparatively less consideration, though it has a significant effect on grain yields. Hence, it is imperative to recognize and focus on the most exposed traits of growth and yield under abiotic stress conditions. Among the abiotic stresses, heat stress adversely affects the chlorophyll and grain filling mechanisms in plants. Thus, the preservation of grain weight throughout the heat stress period is also a signal of heat tolerance at the grain filling stage. High potential grain weight under heat stress may also be a better decisive factor for the selection of cultivars for heat tolerance and resistance to changing future climatic conditions. This review summarizes the alterations in the development systems of plants in response to heat stress with a focus on integrated morpho-anatomical, physiological, and molecular adaptations. It also provides information about advanced heat tolerance mechanisms in various plant species applying different tactics together with genetic techniques for plant growth and development.

In 2020, PETRONAS had lost a flexible pipeline due to an increase level of contaminants in the process stream, which carries into the flexible pipeline system. The incident had caused a major cost impact in which the pipeline needs to be replaced and the production had to be differed for at least 1-year. Detail investigation was conducted, and the finding indicates that amongst the root cause was the unavailability of proper predictive and prescriptive approach in managing flexible pipeline integrity system. Thus, this had triggered PETRONAS to embark an initiative to develop a Flexible Pipeline Management System, which then will be included and further developed alongside with PETRONAS digitalization journey. PETRONAS Flexible Pipeline Management System will be developed by upgrading the existing PETRONAS Digital Management System for carbon steel pipeline. As an overview, scopes for the Flexible Pipeline Management System are comprises of guidelines development, risk parameters establishment, fitness for service (FFS) assessment method advancement, and flexible pipeline remaining life extension study (FLES). Its development started with leveraging on PETRONAS experience in carried out integrity assessment for the existing flexible pipeline with expired design life using analytical method. The assessment was conducted in collaboration with flexible pipeline integrity experts which had been included as part of PETRONAS capability up skilling program. Progressively, the flexible pipeline integrity management guideline, risk assessment protocol, and predictive assessment method for FFS and PLES were developed and corelated within. The above elements had been grouped and formed as Flexible Pipeline's integrity assessment manual. It has then been piloted to one of PETRONAS existing flexible pipeline and turned out very successful. The pilot had resulted in eliminating the need of pipeline replacement and generated cost avoidance of more than USD10 Mil - by assessing the remaining life of the pipeline, managing the risk failures through inspection and monitoring plan, as well as minor repair(s) whenever specified.

On the rise of China-chic, diverse trends have surfaced in the Hanfu development because of revivification and innovation. Understanding the perception and acceptance of potential users is vital for Hanfu development as it develops genuine confidence in their national identity and traditional culture. This study investigated and discussed the Kansei aspect of perception and acceptance of users in the appearance and structure of Hanfu. The study aims to grasp of characteristics of Kansei to identify the diverse style of Hanfu images to help designers understand the market needs of Hanfu products style and improve the attractiveness of a product. Two types of Hanfu were selected for evaluation. All data were gathered and analysed using semantic differential methods, descriptive statistics, factor analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Results revealed two kinds of Hanfu: S01 can be categorised as practical and modern traditional Hanfu images, whereas S02 represented original and adequate fashionable Hanfu images. Finally, this paper is the first empirical research in Hanfu using the Kansei engineering method from users' perception and acceptance.

This research included the preparation of (ZnO) thin films by CBD technique for the deposition of chemical bath thickness (150 ± 20nm). X-ray diffraction was analyzed and showed that the films crystallize in a polycrystalline hexagonal structure, with a preferred direction along the level (100). Increased volume of calculated crystals for deposited films was found by increasing molar concentration. The surface morphology of films was studied by SEM, and the surface morphology of ZnO films is a heterogeneous distribution. The optical properties of all deposited ZnO films contained a spectral permeability and absorption spectrum in the wavelength range (300-1100nm), and the transmittance decreased with increasing molar concentration, it was found that the value of the light energy gap (Eg) increases with increasing molecular concentration band gap between 3.1 and 3.2 eV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120110

The present work is concerned with the measurements of uranium concentrations in fourty nine surface soils samples from selected locations (some of them were measured for the first time as far as authors know) in Al-Diwaniyah governorate by using ICP-Mass (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) was found to be ranging from 2.78 ppm in (Al-shamr 2) to 7.99 ppm in(Al-shawfa) in soils. The results are presented and compared with other studies. The measurements of uranium concentration of soils samples measured had a uranium content of less than 100 ppm, a concentration that characterizes overburden and tailings quality, rather than minable reserves. This paper presents and evaluates the concentration of uranium in Al-Diwaniya Governorates. The study further reveals that 49 surface soil samples have uranium below detection limit. The present results have shown that the uranium concentrations in the studied surface soils samples were less than the allowed value (11.7 ppm) recommended by UNSCEAR, 1993.

Maize (Zea mays L.) stands prominently as one of the major cereal crops in China as well as in the rest of the world. Therefore, predicting the growth and yield of maize for large areas through yield components under high-yielding environments will help in understanding the process of yield formation and yield potential under different environmental conditions. This accurate early assessment of yield requires accuracy in the formation process of yield components as well. In order to formulate the quantitative design for high yields of maize in China, yield performance parameters of quantitative design for high grain yields were evaluated in this study, by utilizing the yield performance equation with normalization of planting density. Planting density was evaluated by parameters including the maximum leaf area index and the maximum leaf area per plant. Results showed that the variation of the maximum leaf area per plant with varying plant density conformed to the Reciprocal Model, which proved to have excellent prediction with root mean square error (RMSE) value of 5.95%. Yield model estimation depicted that the best optimal maximum leaf area per plant was 0.63 times the potential maximum leaf area per plant of hybrids. Yield performance parameters for different yield levels were quantitatively designed based on the yield performance equation. Through validation of the yield performance model by simulating high yields of spring maize in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province, China, and summer maize in Shandong Province, the yield performance equation showed excellent prediction with the satisfactory mean RMSE value (7.72%) of all the parameters. The present study provides theoretical support for the formulation of quantitative design for sustainable high yield of maize in China, through consideration of planting density normalization in the yield prediction process, providing there is no water and nutrient limitation.

This research deals with the frameworks of political analysis of the issue of the demonstrations in the news bulletins of the Iraqi satellite channels represented by Al-Iraqiya, Dijla and Al-Atija channels, which were selected according to an exploratory study conducted by him. Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The researcher concluded to a sample of the public that these channels are the most followed, and the orientations of these three channels differ, where Al-Iraqiya TV represents the official view of the state, while Dijla TV represents a partisan viewpoint opposing the government's policy. While the channel represents the Islamic line and then one of the channels of the Union of Islamic Radios and Channels in Iraq, the research problem was represented in the main question "What are the frameworks for political analysis of the issue of demonstrations in Iraq. Iraqi satellite news releases? This research is descriptive research, and the researcher used the survey method and the content analysis tool, where he analyzed the eight pm news bulletins for the chosen period and mentioned in the time domain of the research, so the analysis was done in a comprehensive inventory method: (an interview represented by (55) interviews on the trend channel, and (50) interviews on Al-Iraqiya channel, and (40) interviews. Interviews on Dijla channel, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are: 1. The frameworks for the proposed solutions to the issue of the demonstrations came first within the frameworks mentioned in the political analysis, due to the interest of political analysts in resolving the issue before it is too late and the situation recedes. Al-Iraqiya channel topped this framework and tried to find solutions and avoid a collision between the government and the demonstrators and sought calm. 2. The warning framework came in second place among the frameworks, and the warning frameworks launched by political analysts varied, including warnings to the government in dealing with the demonstrations and not suppressing them, as presented by the Dijla satellite channel, and from there to the demonstrators. Themselves. . Fear of calm exit, according to what was reported by Al-Ittijah and Al-Iraqiya channel 3. Dijla channel topped the conflict frameworks that were presented with a political analysis and focused on the Iranian-American conflict inside Iraq and the conflict between the demonstrators and the government, and since the first day of the political demonstrations, Dijla channel adopted its support. To the demonstrators and win the audience in all ways. 4. The political analysis focused on the keywords, and the designations differed from one channel to another. Political analysts in Dijla TV stressed the designation of "militias" and pointed out that there are entities affiliated with Iran that are killing protesters. As for the political analysis in the direction, it confirmed the Joker gangs, which accuse them of working for the United States. 5. Political analysts highlighted the active forces with different roles, between negative and positive. Dijla channel described Iran's role as an active force with a negative role and a channel that describes the United States as a subversive role in Iraq. As for the religious authority in Najaf as an active force, everyone agreed. Political analysts talk about the paternalistic role it plays in solving the country's problems.

Background: Pressure ulcer (PU) is a localized injury induced by prolonged pressure for a longer period to the skin and underlying soft tissue that leads to tissue ischemia, which in turn, decreases the supply of oxygen, essential nutrients, and ultimately tissue necrosis and can lead to serious complications including death. Aims of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of an interventional program on nurses practices regarding pressure ulcer prevention at the intensive care unit in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, and to find out the relationships between nurse’s practices and their socio-demographic characteristics (age, level of education, years of experience in intensive care unit, and participation in training courses). Methodology: A pre-experimental design (one group: pre and post-test) was carried out at the Intensive Care Unit in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital from October 5th 2020, to April 6th 2021. A non-probability (purposive) sampling has been performed during a selection of (27) nurses who works at the intensive care unit were exposed to the interventional program. The researcher used observational practices checklist which included (28) items. The validity of the study instrument was determined through the (15) of experts in the specialty field. Results: The results of this study revealed that were significant differences in nursing staff' practices scores in the post-test for the study group compared with scores in pre-test (in the posttest M =2.89 versus in the pre-test M =1.04). The findings also showed that there is no statistical relationship between nursing staff` practices and their demographic characteristics. Conclusion: The study concludes that the effectiveness of an interventional program on nursing staff` practices regarding pressure ulcer prevention is positive at a high rate. Recommendations: The study recommended providing an interventional program periodically to the nursing staff' who working at ICU in order to enhance their knowledge and practices level regarding PU prevention

Recently, there has been a remarkable increase in rice production owing to genetic improvement and increase in application of synthetic fertilizers. For sustainable agriculture, there is dire need to maintain a balance between profitability and input cost. To meet the steady growing demands of the farming community, researchers are utilizing all available resources to identify nutrient use efficient germplasm, but with very little success. Therefore, it is essential to understand the underlying genetic mechanism controlling nutrients efficiency, with the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) being the most important trait. Information regarding genetic factors controlling nitrogen (N) transporters, assimilators, and remobilizers can help to identify candidate germplasms via high-throughput technologies. Large-scale field trials have provided morphological, physiological, and biochemical trait data for the detection of genomic regions controlling NUE. The functional aspects of these attributes are time-consuming, costly, labor-intensive, and less accurate. Therefore, the application of novel plant breeding techniques (NPBTs) with context to genome engineering has opened new avenues of research for crop improvement programs. Most recently, genome editing technologies (GETs) have undergone enormous development with various versions from Cas9, Cpf1, base, and prime editing. These GETs have been vigorously adapted in plant sciences for novel trait development to insure food quantity and quality. Base editing has been successfully applied to improve NUE in rice, demonstrating the potential of GETs to develop germplasms with improved resource use efficiency. NPBTs continue to face regulatory setbacks in some countries due to genome editing being categorized in the same category as genetically modified (GM) crops. Therefore, it is essential to involve all stakeholders in a detailed discussion on NPBTs and to formulate uniform policies tackling biosafety, social, ethical, and environmental concerns. In the current review, we have discussed the genetic mechanism of NUE and NPBTs for crop improvement programs with proof of concepts, transgenic and GET application for the development of NUE germplasms, and regulatory aspects of genome edited crops with future directions considering NUE.

In this research, the preparation of pure ( CdO ) films on a glass substrate were conducted using a pulsed laser deposition method (PLD) . The deposition of the films was done at different times ( 5 , 10 , 15, 20 ) minutes at room temperature. The effect of non-thermal plasma on these prepared films in two exposure times of (30, 60) minutes was studied. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the prepared pure ( CdO) films showed that the films have a polycrystalline structure of cubic phase with preferred orientation (111). It was noted that the increase of deposition time of (Nd : YAG) laser, reduces the intensity of diffraction peaks at (111 ) , (200) , (220) . The results of (XRD) have also shown that when the prepared pure ( CdO ) films are exposed to the non-thermal plasma, their crystalline structure was not affected. The tests also showed that the increase of the exposure time to non-thermal plasma causes a decrease in the intensity of the diffraction peaks. The (AFM) tests also demonstrated that the changing in ( RMS ) of the surface roughness is irregular and it was found that the ( RMS ) increases by increasing the deposition time. DIO.: http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2019/110108

Like many developing countries, agriculture is seen as the vehicle for development also in Pakistan. Our study was aimed to identify the perceptions of farmer community towards the electronic media and relationship between different demographic characteristics of respondents with the use of electronic communication of TV and radio, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), a province of Pakistan. Random sampling technique was used for selecting 183 respondents. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Results revealed that maximum respondents were agreed that mobile and internet can be a useful source of agricultural information and only 1.6 and 5.5% of the respondents were strongly disagreed about information means, respectively. A maximum number of the respondents were undecided about “agricultural helpline can be a useful source of agricultural information”, only 14.2% of the respondents were strongly agreed with this statement. A highly significant relationship was found between age of respondents and application of information received through radio and TV. On the other side, education of the respondents had a highly significant relationship with the application of information received through radio only. Farming experience of the respondents had no significant relationship with the application of information received through TV and radio. Results suggested that extension personnel should motivate and educate the farming community about the use of electronic media (TV, radio, helpline, internet, mobile) for advanced information about agriculture production techniques. Keywords: Extension education, Farming constraints, ICT, Information gap, Knowledge deficit

Food security for human beings on globe is becoming increasingly important on a worldwide level. Factors responsible for low fish production are lack of information, poor fisheries extension services, feed adulteration, low water quality, high construction cost and non-availability of irrigation water. The present study was designed to investigate the adoption level of recommended fish production practices by the fish farmers in district Hafizabad. The data were collected from 135 fish farmers of Tehsil Hafizabad through validated and reliable interview schedule. The data were analyzed through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for computing results and drawing conclusions. From results, significant association was observed between socio-economic characteristics such as age, education and size of land holdings of fish farmers and their awareness and adoption level regarding recommended fish farming practices. The interviewed respondents were mostly young, educated with sufficient resource capitals that are related to fisheries and agriculture. Most of the population (about 90%) were aware of basic fish farming practices (nursery, feed, intercultural, fish rate, rice powder, fertilizer, harvest), and about half population was aware about the technicalities of quality production (water and soil quality) from which half had adopted that. All of the population was aware about and adopted recommended water application to pond. They were little known to few fish diseases (spot and kidney disease), as compared to having good knowledge and adoption about other major insects and pest attack. Constraining factors found were lack of information, poor fisheries extension services, uncertainty in the market, load-shedding problem, impaired soil and water quality, feed adulteration, limited credit facilities, high construction cost, and non-availability of irrigation water, which implies immediate efforts and enforced policies by the Fisheries Department to educate and facilitate fish farming process starting right from the farm development till marketing. Keywords: Fish farming, Advanced practices, Awareness, Adoption, Hafizabad

Cotton holds immense economic potential owing to its premium quality fiber, oil, and protein contents. The ever-growing human population along with a global shift in climate requires a significant upsurge in cotton production. In the past years, conventional breeding tools were utilized to improve yield and quality through introgression of genes in elite cotton cultivars. The conventional breeding methods hold several limitations especially time-consuming, reliance on naturally available genetic variations, and extensive backcrossing. The modern plant breeding approaches especially modern genome editing technologies (GETs) can be utilized to achieve objectives within a limited time. The GETs including zinc-finger nucleases, transcription-activator-like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins systems (CRISPR/Cas)-based technologies have been exploited in various crop improvement programs. The CRISPR/Cas system possesses immense potential owing to simplicity, competency, and versatility which lacks in other GETs. In cotton, the CRISPR/Cas system can help to enhance biotic and abiotic stress resistance, modify gene expression, and gene stacking of important traits with minimum chances of segregation. The transgene clean approach further enhances CRISPR acceptability, and plants can further utilized for selfing or backcrossing to improve traits under investigation. In this chapter, we highlight the avenues of research to utilize CRISPR/Cas system to combat biotic and abiotic stresses, fiber quality, plant architecture and flowering, epigenetic modifications, and gene stacking for economically important traits. Furthermore, the challenges associated with CRISPR application in cotton and its future prospects are addressed in detail.

The programmable manipulation of genetic architecture in plants is dealt under genome engineering or genome editing. The conventional breeding approaches are tedious in nature and lack with the abilities to cope with the era of modern plant breeding. The utilization of reverse genetic approaches had been adopted tremendously to enhance agricultural productivity to fulfill the global challenge of food security. In modern times the most applicable genome editing based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) system has established a platform with solution of problems faced by scientists in classical approaches. The CRISPR along with its latest versions, that is, base and prime editing, had enabled highly precise genome engineering for crops vital for food security and have further revolutionized the plant breeding. The CRISPR/Cas system has demonstrated great potential for crop improvement but the regulation of genome edited are still at developmental stage. Methodological, biosafety and social concerns remains about the consumption of genome edit crop by humans and other living organism. Here, in this chapter, we will discuss and highlight the regulations adopted by different countries regarding GenEd crops. We will also highlight the measures taken by scientific community to address the various biosafety and social concerns raised by various governments across the globe.

Wood is a material whose use in constructions has increased in modern times. However, wood is a complex material that needs to be further explored to increase the understanding of its properties. The purpose of this work is to study two positions for attaching a balcony railing regarding different direction of the fibers in the wood. More in-depth this study focuses on identifying the influence of position and fibers on the moment capacity and stiffness. This study concerns unevenly distributed compressive loads perpendicular to the grain of the CLT specimen. Forces that occur on a balcony railing causes a bending moment, which is non-linearly distributed in the contact area between the steel plate and the CLT. The study is performed through experimental tests in a laboratory. Deformations are measured using measuring instruments. The measurements results ​​are analyzed to determine moment capacity and stiffness for the different loading configurations. The conditions for the load vary between across and along the fiber orientation of the top layer of the CLT specimen. The results show that loading configurations with the steel plate attached at the edge of the CLT specimen gives higher moment capacity and stiffness in comparison with connections mounted in the corner. Furthermore, the results also shows that the capacity and stiffness depend on the orientation of the fibers in the CLT deck-layer.

The aim of this essay was to examine how crime victims are portrayed in the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet. Previous research has shown that the media tends to focus on the dramatic aspect of a criminal incident, and the victim is often portrayed in a positive way and the perpetrator in a negative. The material of this essay consisted of twelve news articles from four different murder cases, which has been analyzed with a content analysis. The theoretical points of this essay were the theory about The ideal victim and The framing theory. The results from the analysis showed that crime victims are often portrayed as innocent and in a positive way. Although, if the victim used to have a deviant behavior, he was portrayed in a more negative way. The conclusions of this essay were that the two newspapers portrayed the victims fairly similarly and focused on the positive characteristics of the crime victim. In general, Aftonbladet had a more descriptive and dramatic portrayal of the victim than Dagens Nyheter., Syftet med denna uppsats var att närmare studera hur brottsoffer gestaltades i de svenska tidningarna Dagens Nyheter och Aftonbladet. Tidigare forskning har visat på att media tenderar att fokusera på dramatiken i händelsen där offer ofta gestaltas som positiva och gärningspersoner som negativa. Uppsatsens material bestod av tolv nyhetsartiklar från fyra olika mordfall som analyserades med en innehållsanalys. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter var teorin om det ideala offret och gestaltningsteorin. Resultatet från analysen visade att brottsoffren till stor grad gestaltades som positiva och oskyldiga i nyhetsartiklarna. Däremot om offret sen tidigare hade ett avvikande beteende gestaltades personen på ett mer negativt sätt. Slutsatserna från uppsatsen var att båda tidningarna gör relativt lika gestaltningar där fokuset ligger på brottsoffrets positiva egenskaper. Aftonbladet gestaltade i överlag brottsoffren mer beskrivande och dramatiskt än vad Dagens Nyheter gjorde.

Crop residue mulch in agricultural systems preserves soil health and improves crop productivity through its moderating influence on soil temperature regime and enhanced moisture retention. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the changes in soil properties and grain yield of irrigated summer maize in response to wheat straw mulching in the Northern maize region in China. The treatments investigated were: (i) application of wheat straw mulch (5000 kg ha-1) and (ii) no-mulch application (control). Maize growth and yield attributes were determined during various growth stages, and soil hydro-thermal properties were recorded for two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm). Straw mulch increased the yield by 18% and also increased total dry biomass yield by 20%, compared to no-mulch. Yield increment was attributed to the increased number of ears per area and kernels number per ear. The effect on thousand kernels weight was found non-significant. Vigorous maize growth was observed under straw mulch treatment, having greater leaf area index (LAI), unit leaf rate (ULR), leaf area duration (LAD), and crop growth rate (CGR). Similarly, the dry matter partitioning for maize kernels was greater in mulch treatment. At the late reproductive stages (R3 and R5), SPAD values for ear and below-ear leaves were higher under mulch treatment. Straw mulch decreased the daytime soil temperature by 1.9 and 1.5 °C on average for 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil layers, respectively. Whereas, the soil moisture content increased about 2.5% (0-15 cm) and 3% (15-30 cm) under the mulch treatment. In crux, leftover crop residue application as mulch in irrigated maize could be a sustainable agronomic option to increase the crop productivity. Highlights - Wheat straw mulch improved maize grain yield by approx. 18% mainly by increased kernel numbers per ear. - Maize growth attributes and SPAD values were improved under mulch treatment compared to no-mulch. - Straw mulching helped in maintaining comparatively higher soil moisture content (~2 %) and reduced the soil temperature (~1.72°C) during the crop growth period.

The avian Trichomonosis is a parasitic disease caused by Trichomonas gallinae. This parasite lived in the bird’s mouth and digestive tract, and can caused a granulomatous lesions in the lumen which lead to death of bird because of severe starvation. The results of the current study for the purpose of conducting a field survey and the extent of the spread of infection in the three types of birds (Bird toilet decorations, Bird pigeon, Broiler bath decorations) . The field of study was in the holy city of Karbala, which is located in south-west Baghdad, and is 100 km long and has a moderate temperament. During the course of the study (345 birds were tested). This is the study of 170 decorative samples, 150 samples of the pigeon bath and 25 samples of after the samples were taken. 15-day-old bathroom bath with 25 samples of Broiler bath decorations) . Use eye and laboratory examination to examine the symptoms. The results showed that 7, 10.3 of the bath pigeons had an ornamental pigeon and an infection rate of 4.11 in these birds 6,6 & 12 respectively.

ZnO andZnO/Fe2O3 composite thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique with thicknesses (150±20) nm. X–ray diffraction analysis showed that pure and composite films polycrystalline in nature with Hexagonal structure and the preferred orientation along (100 ) plane. The calculated crystallite size of the deposited films are found to be decreases with composite films .Thesurface morphologyof the films was studied by Atomic force microscope ,the surface morphology of pure and ZnO composite films are homogeneous distribution. The optical properties of all deposited ZnO and composite films contained study of transmittance and absorbance spectral in the range of wave length (300- 1100)nm, Transmittance increased with composite films, The value of the optical energy gap (Eg) were found decrease with composite films due to the effective electron/holes at the inter faces of ZnO/Fe2O3.

Increasing population and abrupt weather fluctuations around the world has put huge pressure on agricultural food products for quality and sustainable food production. Revolution and advancement in food growing agricultural practices become advanced with the passage of time. In this modern age, improved technology-based agricultural practices are replacing the existing old-fashioned farming practices. These novel technologies are quite efficient but still require the consistent attention of researchers and scientists for better application and output of this technology. Smart farming involves the integration of information and communication technology for better utilization of resources from sowing, irrigation, fertilizer, pesticide, and herbicide application, and finally harvesting. But this system involves autonomous vehicles, robots operated through GPS and connected through smart applications. The precise application of this technology along with Internet of Things (IoT) supposed to be the helpful technology for farmers to uplift their living standards, with high production and profit and also can be a good indicator for food security. Nowadays, there are still limitations for the adaptation and conversion of smart farms due to high cost, non-availability of internet, and lack of application knowledge in the farming community. In autonomous vehicle and drones, there are also some major gaps regarding their application (positioning), efficiency, and workload. So, this area of research needs more explorations.

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Recognise that splenosis can have unusual manifestations on imaging that can mimic malignant pathology. Consider the diagnosis of splenosis if there is an absent spleen, abdominal mass and supporting history of previous...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Incidental adrenal lesions are seen in upto 5% of CT examinations [1] and are often indeterminate on initial imaging. The majority of these lesions represent benign adenomata, however up to 5% have beenshown torepresent malignant lesions in patients...

Our understanding on how soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, crop yield, and yield stability are influenced by climate is limited. To critically examine this, the impact of long-term (≥10 years) application of nutrient management practices on SOC storage, crop productivity, and yield stability were evaluated under different climatic conditions in China using a meta-analysis approach. The cropping area of China was divided into four distinct groups based on local climatic conditions (warm dry, DW; warm moist, WM; cool dry, CD; cool moist, CM). Results indicated that the impact of nutrient management practices on SOC storage, crop yield, and yield stability varies under different climatic zone in China. The use of unbalanced mineral fertilizer (UMF), and balanced mineral fertilizer (BMF) led to a loss in SOC storage by 6%, and 11% under CM climatic zone and gains in DW, WM, and CD climates. Organic fertilizers (OF), combined unbalanced mineral and organic fertilizers (UMOF), and combined balanced mineral and organic fertilizers (BMOF) were able to sustain and enhance SOC storage under all climatic conditions. However, the largest increase in SOC storage across all climates was seen for BMOF. Further, corresponding values of crop productivity and yield stability were also highest for BMOF among all the nutrient management treatments. A linear-plateau model indicated that maximal yield responsive SOC stock (Copt) levels ranged from 33.43 to 45.51 Mg C ha−1 for rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) production. To enhance and sustain SOC storage, and crop productivity of croplands under different climates, BMOF appears to be the most appropriate nutrient management strategy. Our findings demonstrate that it is essential to optimize nutrient management strategies according to the local climate to protect soil from SOC losses, and for achieving sustainable crop production.

Genome manipulation technology is one of emerging field which brings real revolution in genetic engineering and biotechnology. Targeted editing of genomes pave path to address a wide range of goals not only to improve quality and productivity of crops but also permit to investigate the fundamental roots of biological systems. These goals includes creation of plants with valued compositional properties and with characters that confer resistance to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Numerous novel genome editing systems have been introduced during the past few years; these comprise zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9). Genome editing technique is consistent for improving average yield to achieve the growing demands of the world's existing food famine and to launch a feasible and environmentally safe agriculture scheme, to more specific, productive, cost-effective and eco-friendly. These exciting novel methods, concisely reviewed herein, have verified themselves as efficient and reliable tools for the genetic improvement of plants.

We use the events of the civil rights movement of the 1960s as context in exploring deployment of ethical principles associated with activist democratic theory by New York Times editors. The ethical framework helped shape coverage of perceived injustices against minorities and set the tenor of confrontation with public officials. Subscription to activist journalism ethics assumes a lack of fairness in liberal democratic processes that take place within unequal social, economic, and political environments. These media tend to challenge the status quo more vigorously than do other media. A content analysis shows that the Times pursued the civil rights story with an activist zeal that got it entangled in the historic Sullivan libel lawsuit of 1960. The paper did not scale back its tone in challenging the social order in the South – even in the face of physical intimidation of reporters and in spite of the widely assumed ‘chilling effects’ of libel. This suggests that when media cover certain issues in an activist spirit, conventional restraints engendered by fear of libel may lose effect.

A field experiment was conducted to study the forage yield and qualitative traits of different varieties of millet with different days of harvest during the summer, 2014 at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) under factorial arrangement having three replications. Pearl millet seeds of three varieties viz. BS-2011, Ghana White and MB-87 were grown in 30 cm apart rows. Net plot size was 3.6 m × 8.0 m. Three different harvesting times were adopted i.e. 55, 65 and 75 days after sowing (DAS). Maximum plant height of pearl millet was recorded for cultivar BS-2011 at harvest time of 75 DAS. Maximum leaf area per plant was observed for the cultivar BS-2011 when it was harvested 75 DAS. Maximum dry matter percentage was also attained in cultivar BS-2011 where plots were harvested at 75 DAS. The highest forage yield was obtained where variety BS-2011 was grown and harvested at 75 DAS. Similarly, maximum dry matter production of BS-2011 was recorded in plots harvested at 75 DAS followed by Ghana White and MB-87 harvested at 55 DAS. Higher crude protein content was recorded where plots were harvested at 55 DAS and cultivar BS-2011 was sown. Higher crude fiber and total ash percentage was also seen in BS-2011. Finally, cultivar BS-2011 proved best for cultivation with harvest time of 75 DAS under Faisalabad conditions to obtain higher forage yield and better quality. Keywords: Millet, Phenology, Harvest time, Forage yield, Forage Quality

This research deals with the preparation of pure and Aluminum doped CdS thin films by chemical bath deposition method, with a thickness of (450±20) nm and preparation temperature of (75ᵒC). The results of XRD showed that the films had a polycrystalline hexagonal structure. The preferred orientation was along (002) plane. The average c rystallite size increasing with increasing of dopant concentration. The results of (AFM) showed that the roughness and (RMS) value were increased with doping. Results of (SEM) showed that the films were uniformly distributed and homogenous. The optical properties were studied by recording the absorption and transmittance spectra of the wavelength range (300-1100) nm, it was found that absorbance increased and transmittance decreased with increasing doping. It was also found that the absorption coefficient increased with increasing of dopant concentration , optical energy gap found of pure and Aluminum doped CdS thin films with different percentages of (0 , 2.5, 5 , 7.5)%were(2.89 , 2.85 , 2.79 , 2.81 )eV respectively.

Rice, a staple cereal crop in many parts of the world, has been confronted with multiple environmental stresses including high temperature, negatively impacts the booting as well as anthesis growth stages. The situation is further complicated by the changing climatic conditions, resulting in gradual escalation of temperature as well as changing the rainfall pattern and frequency, thus raising a concern of food security worldwide. The situation can be combat by developing rice varieties with excellent genetics with improved morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms, together can minimize the adverse effects of heat stress. Here, several strategies (encompassing genetic and genomic, and mechanisms involved) for mitigating the impact of high temperature on rice have been discussed. Finally, the utilization of genomic knowledge in augmenting the conventional breeding approaches have been comprehensively elaborated to develop heat tolerant germplasm.

Using the method of electronic paramagnetic resonance, the monocrystalline samples of silicon and of natural diamond implanted with high-energy ion was studied. The local magnetic ordering of a system of unpaired electrons has been discovered.

Lead (Pb) affects plant growth and its related physio-biochemical functions negatively. The present study investigated the responses of five different fragrant rice cultivars viz., Meixiangzhan (MXZ-2), Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ), Guixiangzhan (GXZ), Basmati-385 (B-385), and Nongxiang-18 (NX-18) to four different Pb concentrations viz., 0, 400, 800 and 1200 μM. Results depicted that Pb toxicity significantly (P 0.05) reduced the plant height, tillering ability and biomass accumulation by causing oxidative damage to rice plants; nonetheless, a significant variation was found in the sensitivity of rice cultivars to Pb toxicity. Soluble sugars increased significantly only at 1200 μM in GXZ and 800 μM in B-385, whilst the maximum reductions in protein contents were observed at 1200 μM Pb for all rice cultivars. Proline contents were reduced for XYXZ and NX-18 at Pb1200 μM. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) showed differential behavior among Pb treatments and rice cultivars. Among rice cultivars, GXZ showed better antioxidative defense system under Pb toxicity compared with all other cultivars. For all rice cultivars, the trend for Pb accumulation was recorded as: roots stems leaves. Furthermore, significant but negative correlations among Pb uptake and plant height (r = -0.79), tillers per plant (r = -0.91) and plant dry biomass (r = -0.81) were recorded for all rice cultivars whereas the values of translocation factor (TF) from stems to leaves were higher than roots to stems. In sum, Pb reduced the early growth and caused physio-biochemical changes in all rice cultivars, nonetheless, GXZ proved better able to tolerate Pb stress than all other rice cultivars under study.