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Measurement of the dwell time and moving speed of a high-activity iridium-192 (Ir-192) source used for high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is important for estimating the precise dose delivery to a tumor. For this purpose, we used a cerium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (YA1OGamma photon imaging was conducted using the gamma camera in list mode for the Ir-192 source of HDR brachytherapy with fixed dwell times and positions. The acquired list-mode images were sorted to millisecond-order interval time sequential images to evaluate the dwell time at each position. Time count rate curves were derived to calculate the dwell time at each source position and moving speed of the source.We could measure the millisecond-order time sequential images for the Ir-192 source. The measured times for the preset dwell times of 2 s and 10 s were 1.98 to 2.00 s full width at half maximum (FWHM) and 10.0 s FWHM, respectively. The dwell times at the first dwell position were larger than those at other positions. We also measured the moving speeds of the source after the dwells while moving back to the afterloader and found the speed increased with the distance from the edge of the field of view to the last dwell position.We conclude that millisecond-order time sequential imaging of the Ir-192 source is possible by using a gamma camera and is useful for evaluating the dwell times and moving speeds of the Ir-192 source.

A quasibinary system of Ga2O3-Al2O3 offers a range of applications in wide bandgap semiconductor engineering. Different polymorphs and concentrations of (AlxGa1-x)2O3 manifest a variety of structural and electronic properties, paving the way for tunability of (AlxGa1-x)2O3 for specific functions. In this work, we investigate the energetics of alpha (α) and beta (β) polymorphs of Ga2O3 and Al2O3 by considering all possible configurations in a conventional unit cell. Using density functional theory, we show that the formation energies of (AlxGa1-x)2O3 configurations show an overlap at 50% concentration and a lowest energy configuration crossing at around 80% Al concentration. The lowest formation energy configurations for 50% concentration in both α and β polymorphs also manifest a preference towards an ordered phase. These show that the stability of Ga2O3-Al2O3 and its phase transitions are significantly influenced by the relative arrangements of Ga and Al within the quasibinary semiconducting crystal.

β-Ga2O3 is a well-known semiconductor material for power devices and other applications. Recently, β-Ga2O3 has also been reported as a scintillator material with a light yield of approximately 8400 ph./MeV, scintillation decay time of

High-resolution imaging of alpha particles is required in the detection of alpha radionuclides in cells or small organs for the development of radio-compounds for targeted alpha-particle therapy or other purposes. We developed an ultrahigh resolution, real time alpha-particle imaging system for observing the trajectories of alpha particles in a scintillator. The developed system is based on a magnifying unit and a cooled electron multiplying charge-coupled device (EM-CCD) camera, combined with a 100-µm-thick Ce-doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG) scintillator plate. Alpha particles from an Am-241 source were irradiated to the GAGG scintillator and imaged with the system. Using our system, we measured the trajectories of the alpha particles having different shapes in real time. In some of these measured trajectories, the line shapes of the alpha particles that flew in the GAGG scintillator were clearly observed. The lateral profiles of the alpha-particle trajectories were imaged with widths of ~ 2 µm. We conclude that the developed imaging system is promising for research on targeted alpha-particle therapy or other alpha particle detections that require high spatial resolution.

The effect of the difference in the thickness ratio of the double layered thickness-shear resonator on the temperature characteristics of the resonance frequency was investigated using Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 (CTGS) single crystal. Three specimens with thickness ratios of x=0.25, 0.33, and 0.50 were prepared using 122°Y- and 171°Y-cut CTGS substrates. For the specimens with x=0.25 and 0.33, the temperature characteristics varied depending on the order of the resonance mode. For the specimen with x=0.50, on the other hand, almost the same temperature characteristics were observed regardless of the order of the resonance mode. To interpret this phenomenon, a new equation for predicting the temperature characteristics of the fundamental mode (1st mode) for the double layered resonator was created using the electric flux density ratio generated in the two substrates. The expected values using this equation were in good agreement with the result of the 1st mode temperature characteristics.

Electronic devices have become an indispensable part of our daily lives, while their negative aspects have been reported. One disadvantage is that reading comprehension is reduced when reading from an electronic device; the cause of this deficit in performance is unclear. In this study, we investigated the cause for comprehension decline when reading on a smartphone by simultaneously measuring respiration and brain activity during reading in 34 healthy individuals. We found that, compared to reading on a paper medium, reading on a smartphone elicits fewer sighs, promotes brain overactivity in the prefrontal cortex, and results in reduced comprehension. Furthermore, reading on a smartphone affected sigh frequency but not normal breathing, suggesting that normal breathing and sigh generation are mediated by pathways differentially influenced by the visual environment. A path analysis suggests that the interactive relationship between sigh inhibition and overactivity in the prefrontal cortex causes comprehension decline. These findings provide new insight into the respiration-mediated mechanisms of cognitive function.

Stable penta-OsP2 and penta-RhS2 sheets can be derived from their bulk marcasite and pyrite counterparts, exhibiting low lattice thermal conductivities and high ZT values.

This research investigated the crystal chemical principles related to the incorporation of incompatible atoms into the garnet host lattice. These considerations might be used to guide and drive the design...

Background Cognitive function declines with age and has been shown to be associated with atrophy in some brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex. However, the details of the relationship between aging and cognitive dysfunction are not well understood. Methods Across a wide range of ages (24- to 85-years-old), this research measured the gray matter volume of structural magnetic resonance imaging data in 39 participants, while some brain regions were set as mediator variables to assess the cascade process between aging and cognitive dysfunction in a path analysis. Results Path analysis showed that age affected the left hippocampus, thereby directly affecting the left superior frontal gyrus. Furthermore, the gyrus directly affected higher order flexibility and maintenance abilities calculated as in the Wisconsin card sorting test, and the two abilities affected the assessment of general cognitive function. Conclusion Our finding suggests that a cascade process mediated by the left hippocampus and left superior frontal gyrus is involved in the relationship between aging and cognitive dysfunction.

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.

The atomic positions and displacements of atoms around the Ta atom in piezoelectric materials Ca3TaGa3Si2O7 (CTGS) and Ca3TaGa1.5Al1.5Si2O7 (CTGAS) were investigated at 100 K by Ta-Lα X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH). The experimental atomic images were compared with the simulated ones using the crystal structures of CTGS and CTGAS, which were determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD). The atomic positions agreed between XFH and SC-XRD experiments. With the help of XFH simulation, the displacements of Ta, Ca, Si, and Ga atoms relative to the Ta atom were qualitatively analyzed using experimental atomic image intensities. The relative displacement of the Ca atom was increased by Al substitution, while those of the Ta and Ga atoms were decreased. The first principles calculation based on density-functional theory (DFT) was performed to understand bonding character between constituents. The evaluation of the crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) clarified that the Ca-O bond has strong ionic character different with the other bonds, suggesting that the positional shift of the Ca atom is responsible for the piezoelectricity in CTGS. The effect of Al substitution on piezoelectricity was also considered based on the change in the Ca-O bond.

The technology to grow single crystals of the required shape directly from a melt has been researched extensively and developed in various industries and research fields. In this study, a micro-pulling-down method and a Mo crucible were applied to the shape-controlled crystal growth of Y$_3$Al$_5$O$_{12}$:Ce (YAG:Ce). Three types of Mo crucibles with different die shapes were developed. Stable crystal growth in the same shape as the die was achieved, and scintillation properties that are comparable with those of the previously reported YAG:Ce were obtained., 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Journal of Crystal Growth

During the COVID-19 pandemic, infection protection/control education has become increasingly important for not only healthcare professionals but also students undertaking medical, nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and other related courses. A review of the literature on infection control education reveals that the target participants often comprise healthcare workers, and very few studies of infection control education focus on students. We have developed a protocol for the systematic review of the literature on simulation-based infection prevention/control education for students undertaking medical, nursing, rehabilitation, and other related courses. The protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis has been drafted in alignment with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Systematic literature search will be performed for the period between 1990 (January) and 2022 (September) using the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases. We will qualitatively and quantitatively examine the effects of simulation-based infection education for students in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Two investigators will independently search the databases according to the defined search strategy. The full-text of the selected articles will be screened independently keeping in mind the inclusion criteria by a pair of reviewers. Descriptive data will be extracted from each study regarding: study design, methods, participants, and outcomes. A meta-analysis will be performed if the quantitative data is suitable. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the standard χ2. Odds ratio for categorical data and weighted mean differences for continuous data and their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated and used for analysis. Where statistical pooling is not possible, the findings of the quantitative papers will be presented in narrative form. The qualitative aspect will employ narrative (descriptive) synthesis. Our review will make a valuable contribution to the domain of simulation-based infection prevention/control for students enrolled in medical and/or related courses.

This study presents the criteria for shape control in the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method for low-wettability systems (dewetting μ-PD method), which enables us to achieve highly shape-controllable crystal growth. In the dewetting μ-PD method, the presence of the die wall inhibits the direct observation of the meniscus during the process. Therefore, in this study, the meniscus shape was calculated using the Young–Laplace equation to predict the optimal crystal growth conditions. The free-end and fixed-end boundary conditions to be satisfied for the differential equations were defined at the triple point, with the melt on the die wall. The relationship between the crystal diameter and pressure in the fixed-end condition, wherein the wetting angle (α) at the triple point of the crystal was 90°, indicated the suppression of the melt infiltration by the presence of crystals. The gap between the die and crystal was minimized for the contact angle (θ) and growth angle (αgr) in the fixed-end and free-end conditions, at which |αgr + θ – π| was minimum at a given pressure under the assumption of single-valued solutions. The results of this study will facilitate the formation of noble-metal alloys with a net shape and expand the scope for the development of new materials.

Prompt X-ray imaging using a low-energy X-ray camera is a promising method for observing the beam shape from outside the subject. However, such imaging has so far been conducted only on static images with relatively long acquisition times without any energy information. Consequently, we performed list-mode prompt X-ray imaging using a newly developed data acquisition system combined with a pinhole YAP(Ce) camera during irradiation of a water phantom with carbon ions. Prompt X-ray imaging was conducted in list mode with a 1-ms time stamp and 128-channel energy bins during irradiation of a water phantom with 241.5 MeV/n carbon ions. After the imaging, list-mode data were sorted to obtain the time-sequential prompt X-ray images and those with different energies. From the images with different energies, we found the energy spectra were different depending on the areas in the images, and the reduction of the background fraction was possible. From the short time-sequential prompt X-ray images, we could even observe the differences in the images depending on the acquisition times, as well as the spill and ripple shapes of the carbon ion beam.

We propose a novel crystal growth method, “Core Heating (CH) Method”, which is suitable for a search of novel materials with extremely high melting points above the melting (softening) point of an ...

New neurons are constantly generated in the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The number of new cells depends on sensory experiences; an enriched odor environment increases neurogenesis and neural survival. The aim of this study was to investigate whether enriched olfactory stimuli affect neurogenesis of mitral and granule cells of the olfactory bulb and dentate gyrus, and whether respiratory activity accompanied by olfactory stimuli is associated with new cells in these regions. To this end, respiratory activity during enriched odor stimuli was continuously measured in mice and new cells were stained with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, which selectively labels proliferating cells. An enriched olfactory environment significantly increased neurogenesis of mitral and granule cells in the olfactory bulb, but not in the dentate gyrus. Additionally, an increase of new granule cells under the enriched odor condition was correlated to sniffing frequency power, which had a significantly different pattern from the no-odor condition. A high respiratory frequency with frequent odor stimuli may be associated with activation of granule cells to form inhibitory neurons and this active state might increase granule cell neurogenesis.

Although real-time imaging of the high-activity iridium-192 (Ir-192) source position during high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy using a high-energy gamma camera system is a promising approach, the energy window was not optimized for spatial resolution or scatter fraction.By using a list-mode data-acquisition system that can acquire energy information of a cerium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (YA1OThe spatial resolution was highest for the central energy of the window at ∼300 keV. The scatter fraction was also smallest for the central energy of the window at ∼300 keV, and the scatter fraction was more than 48 % smaller than that for the full energy window.We clarified that the spatial resolution can be improved and the scatter fraction can be reduced through optimizing the energy window of the YAP(Ce) gamma camera by setting the central energy of the window to ∼300 keV for HDR brachytherapy.

AIM Disease characteristics of primary biliary cholangitis have changed recently. However, detailed studies on the subject have been limited. Therefore, we aimed to clarify disease characteristics of patients with recent primary biliary cholangitis using the cohort from Niigata University and 21 affiliated hospitals. METHODS Overall, 508 patients were enrolled in this study from 1982 to 2016, divided into three cohorts according to their year of diagnosis: ≤1999, 2000-2009 and ≥2010. We compared differences in clinical characteristics, response to ursodeoxycholic acid and prognosis. RESULTS The male-to-female ratio increased incrementally from 1:16.4 (≤1999) to 1:3.8 (≥2010) (P

The scintillation characteristics of Lu0.8Gd2.2 (Al5– x Ga x )O12:Ce,Mg ( $x = 2.6$ and 3) single crystals grown by the micropulling down method are investigated. The light yield of 27600 photons/MeV obtained for Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg is higher than that of 25 400 photons/MeV obtained for Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce,Mg. The photoluminescence and scintillation decays measured at room temperature (RT) for Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg are faster than those for Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce,Mg. Temperature dependence of radioluminescence (RL) intensity indicates a lower quenching temperature for Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg. Coincidence time resolution of a Lu0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg detector in coincidence experiment with a BaF2 detector was measured to be 410 ps. The afterglow and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) characteristics below RT are also measured.

A synthesis route was successfully established to reliably synthesize the high temperature thermoelectric material REB66 (RE = Y, Sm, Ho, Tm, Yb) much more readily than the typical single crystal growth. Thermoelectric properties of HoB66 and TmB66 are also investigated for the first time. The REB66 samples synthesized by spark plasma sintering showed thermoelectric properties equivalent to those measured on single crystals. A figure of merit ZT around 0.1 at 973 K was obtained with a sharply increasing trend toward higher temperatures. Strikingly, the thermoelectric properties of these compounds appear to be almost independent of the microstructure. The nature of the rare earth does not seem to strongly affect the thermoelectric properties, differences originating mainly from different compositions or the presence of secondary phases. Relatively large negative Curie-Weiss temperatures θ were observed, and an increasing coupling indicated from HoB66 to YbB66. This could be indicative of an unusual coupling mechanism.

Effects of the tungsten (W) ions co-doping on the crystal growth, optical and scintillation properties for the Czochralski (Cz) grown Ce:Gd3Ga3Al2O12(GGAG) single crystals were investigated. The W 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 1%, and 5% co-doped Ce 1%:GGAG single crystals with a diameter of 1 in and length of 60–80 mm were grown by the Cz method. The effective segregation coefficient of the W ions was found as 0.002, 0.001, and 0.005 for W 0.1%, 0.3%, and 1%, Ce:GGAG, respectively. The segregation of W ions in GGAG host, light yield, and scintillation decay of the W co-doped Ce:GGAG were evaluated. The light yield decreased as the concentration of W co-dopant increased and toward the tail of the crystal. Furthermore, the defect role and related charge trapping in the W co-doped crystals were monitored by the thermo-stimulated luminescence.

This article is directed on the creation of composite scintillators which are based on the films and crystals of R2Si2O7:Ce (R = Lu, Gd, La) pyrosilicates using the liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) growth method for application in the radiation monitoring of different components of mixed ionization fluxes. Such types of composite scintillators are epitaxial structures containing film scintillators grown by the LPE method onto the substrates of crystal scintillators. In this article, the film and crystal parts of the composite scintillators were fabricated from effective scintillation materials on the base of Ce3+ doped Gd2- x Lu x Si2O7 and Gd2- x La x Si2O7, and $x = {0}$ and 0.25 mixed pyrosilicates with various scintillation decay kinetics due to the different Lu/Gd/La cation content. We briefly report on the results of the LPE growth of the composite scintillators based on the Ce3+ doped (Lu,Gd)2Si2O7 films and (Gd,La)2Si2O7:Ce crystal substrates, as well as the results of investigation of their luminescent and scintillation properties.

Carbazole crystals were grown using self-seeding vertical Bridgman technique, and the scintillation properties for neutron detection were investigated. Results of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses indicated the single phase of the grown carbazole crystal with orthorhombic structure. Photo- and radio-luminescence measurements were carried out, and maxima of both emission peaks were at 420 nm. The light yield under 5.5-MeV alpha-ray irradiation was estimated to be 1.87 times higher than that of lithium glass GS-20. The scintillation decay time under neutron irradiation was estimated to be 11.4 ± 0.3 ns. It follows from the temperature dependence measurements that the light output under 662-keV gamma-ray excitation decreases with increasing temperature.

Scintillation characteristics of Y0.8Gd2.2 (Al5– x Ga x )O12:Ce,Mg ( $x = 2.6$ and 3) single crystals are presented. At 662-keV $\gamma $ -rays, the light yield of 35 600 photons/MeV obtained for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg is higher than that of 32 600 photons/MeV for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce,Mg. Scintillation decay components of 32.3 ns (52.4%) + 104 ns (47.6%) obtained for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg are faster than those of 11.5 ns (5%) + 51.2 ns (69%) + 302 ns (26%) obtained for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce,Mg. The coincidence time resolution of 336 and 389 ps was obtained, respectively, for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg-photomultiplier (PMT) and Y0.8Gd2.2Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce,Mg-PMT, in coincidence experiment with a BaF2-PMT detector. The radioluminescence yield at room temperature (RT) is comparable for both crystals while the yield below 130 K is about 20% higher for Y0.8Gd2.2Al2Ga3O12:Ce,Mg. Afterglow and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) below RT are also measured.

Ce-doped scintillators are capable of shortening the time constant as the luminescence is caused by 5d $\to$ 4f transition of Ce3+. A scintillator with a short-time constant is suitable for time-of-flight (TOF)-positron emission tomography (PET). In this article, we conducted an evaluation of the energy resolution and coincidence resolving time (CRT) of Liquinert-processed cerium (III) bromide (CeBr3), which possesses a short-time constant and has a high light yield, using multipixel photon counter (MPPC) as a photon detector. The results indicate that an energy resolution of 5.02% (full width at half maximum (FWHM)) can be obtained from a 5-mm $\times \,\, 5$ -mm $\times \,\, 5$ -mm-CeBr3 cube coupled with a 6.0-mm $\times \,\, 6.0$ -mm-pitch MPPC. Furthermore, a CRT of 97.0 ps (FWHM) was achieved using a 3-mm $\times \,\, 3$ -mm $\times \,\, 1$ -mm-CeBr3 array coupled with a 3.0-mm $\times \,\, 3.0$ -mm-pitch through-silicon-via MPPC array, which has been proven effective for TOF-PET and Compton imaging. Moreover, a CRT of 198.7 ps (FWHM) was obtained using a current comparing type time-over-threshold circuit as a front-end readout application. We also determined that the energy resolution is independent of the shaping time but depends on the temperature. In addition, the CRT was found to be dependent on the frequency bandwidth of the signal measuring instrument.

The scintillation properties of Mg2+-codoped Lu0.6Gd2.4Al2Ga3O12:Ce (LGAGG:Ce,Mg) single crystal grown by Czochralski’s method are investigated. The light yield (LY), scintillation decay time, and coincidence time resolution are presented in comparison with a GAGG:Ce,Mg reference crystal. The LY of 26 200 photons/MeV obtained for LGAGG:Ce,Mg is lower than that of 39 600 photons/MeV for GAGG:Ce,Mg. Despite a lower LY value, the time resolution of LGAGG:Ce,Mg is comparable to that of GAGG:Ce,Mg due to its faster scintillation decay time. LGAGG:Ce,Mg exhibits a much faster afterglow decay and a lower thermally stimulated luminescence intensity with respect to GAGG:Ce,Mg.

Cell lines are powerful tools for research into liver function at the molecular level. However, they are generally unsuitable for rigorously assessing the effects of amino acid composition, because many lines require serum-containing medium for their maintenance. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of ornithine and arginine, which are included in the characteristic metabolic process in hepatocyte, on a human hepatoma-derived cell line (FLC-4) that can be cultured in serum-free medium. FLC-4 cells were cultured under the following three conditions: + ornithine/ – arginine, – ornithine/ – arginine, and –ornithine/ + arginine. Albumin expression evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and showed no obvious differences based on the presence of ornithine or arginine. However, the mRNA levels of two liver-enriched transcription factors (CEBPB and HNF1A), which are involved in regulating albumin expression, were significantly higher in cells grown in medium-containing arginine than that in cells grown in ornithine-containing medium. Western blotting showed that the levels both activating and inhibitory C/EBPβ isoforms were significantly increased in cells grown in arginine medium. Furthermore, we have found that depletion of both ornithine and arginine, the polyamine sources, in the medium did not cause polyamine deficiency. When ornithine and arginine were depleted, albumin production was significantly reduced at the mRNA level, CEBPB mRNA levels were increased, and the level of activating form of C/EBPβ was increased. The results of this study suggest that in hepatocyte, these two amino acids might have different functions, and because of which they elicit disparate cellular responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13577-020-00383-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Symptoms of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) frequently impair one's quality of life (QOL). Nonetheless, with improved treatment, the prognosis of PBC also improves. QOL plays an important role in patients with PBC. In this study, we aimed to reevaluate the transition of new symptom development in PBC and its predictive factors.This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 382 patients with PBC for symptom analysis. The impact of a newly developed symptom on PBC prognosis was investigated by Kaplan-Meier analysis with propensity score matching and logistic progression analysis.The cumulative risk of developing a new symptom after 10 and 20 years of follow-up was 7.6 and 28.2%, and specifically that of pruritus, which was the most common symptom, was 6.7 and 23.3%, respectively. In Cox hazard risk analysis, serum Alb level (hazard ratio [HR], 1.097; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.033-1.165;The cumulative risk of new symptom development is roughly 30% 20 years after diagnosis and could be predicted by factors including serum albumin levels, serum D-Bil level, and Paris II criteria.

Although the pulsed operation of AlGaN-based laser diodes at UV-C wavelengths has been confirmed in the previous studies, continuous oscillation without cooling is difficult because of the high operating voltage. In this study, the temperature dependence of key parameters was investigated and their impact on achieving continuous-wave lasing was discussed. A reduction in the threshold voltage was achieved by tapering the sides of the laser diode mesa and reducing the lateral distance between the n- and p-electrodes. As a result, continuous-wave lasing at room temperature was demonstrated at a threshold current density of [Formula: see text] and a threshold voltage of [Formula: see text].

Tm3+-doped sesquioxides Y2O3, Lu2O3 and Sc2O3 are well known for their emissions around 2 μm (3F4 →3H6 transition). We study here their absorption and emission properties, both at 2 μm and at 1.5 μm (3H4 → 3F4) and 2.3 μm (3H4 → 3H5), by considering that the totality of the Tm3+ ions or only part of them are contributing to the line intensities. The study is also extended to the Tm3+-doped mixed compounds LuYO3, LuScO3 and YScO3. The results obtained in terms of radiative lifetimes and branching ratios, as derived from a Judd-Ofelt analysis of the absorption data, thus appear to be more consistent with the measured fluorescence decays, by assuming that only 75% of the Tm3+ ions, those sitting into C2 symmetry sites, are involved in the absorption and the emission spectra. The registered emission spectra are then calibrated in cross section unit and some of them compared between each other depending on the method (reciprocity, modified reciprocity or Fuchtbauer method) which is used. Calculations are finally carried out to predict the cross section of important excited-state transitions which are involved in the two-step excitation pumping of the 3H4 emitting level around 1.05 μm (3F4 → 3F2,3) and 1.45 μm (3F4 → 3H4).