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Soy protein isolate (SPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) were adopted to fabricate double network (DN) gels via thermal treatment and laccase-catalysis. The concentrations of SBP (0.5%-2.5%, w/w) and SPI (4%-8%, w/w) were evaluated. DN gels showed higher holding water capacity (WHC, above 83%), compared with SBP single gel (75.96%). The presence of SPI improved the mechanical properties of gels significantly. Apparent phase separation could be observed when SPI concentration was 4%. Moreover, interpenetrating networks gradually formed with the increase of SPI concentration. The favorable structural heterogeneity and mechanical integrity derived from these polymers might be mainly responsible for the enhancement of the mechanical properties. The presence of SBP and laccase could improve the β-sheet amounts of SPI and make it form more rigid structure according to the results of circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectra. The excellent performance of DN gels could enable the delivery of various components.

In this study the effect of fucoidan SJP-3 extracted from Stichopus Japonicus was used to evaluate the protective effect on PC12 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. SJP-3 can stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential and resistant Cyt-C/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via increasing the Bcl-2 expression and decreasing expression of the Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9 suggesting that SJP-3 may exert a protective effects on neural cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through the protection of mitochondria, the stability of mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Crude Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino polysaccharide was extracted by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. After purification by depectinization and decolourisation, polysaccharide GPS-3 was obtained by purification using Q Sepharose Fast Flow and Superdex 200 columns. Furthermore, the protective effects of GPS-3 on alcoholic hepatic injuries of mice were studied. Results showd that GPS-3 had significant protective effects on alcoholic hepatic injuries.

Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker is an important insect used in Chinese traditional medicine. In this study, we purified a 72-kDa anticancer protein, designated as EPS72, from this species using ammonium sulfate precipitation, ultrafiltration, CM Sepharose Fast Flow cation exchange, Q Sepharose High Performance (HP) anion exchange, Butyl Sepharose HP hydrophobic chromatography, and Superdex 75 gel filtration chromatographic techniques. EPS72 exhibited a potent anticancer activity against the human lung cancer A549 cell line (IC50, 18.76 μg/mL). Further study showed that EPS72 could induce A549 cell detachment and apoptosis, inhibit cell adhesion to fibronectin and collagen IV, and restrain cell migration and invasion. Moreover, EPS72 significantly decreased the expression of β1-integrin. This study suggests that EPS72 could potentially be developed as a novel anticancer therapeutic agent due to its possible antimetastatic activity.

With the rapid development of modern electromagnetics, a lot of electromagnetic field numerical methods are maturing. 3D electromagnetic simulation software HFSS has two solutions including incentive solving and eigenmode solving. When solving the calculation of the structure of eigenmodes or resonant type can use eigenmode solver. Using matlab generate HFSS scripting language-based program to set eigenmode solution is a very convenient and very innovative approach. The program on a circular cavity modeling and eigenmode solution set simulation results meet the design requirements.

An energy-balanced unequal multi-hop clustering routing protocol LEACH-EUMC is proposed in this paper. The candidate cluster head nodes are elected firstly, then they compete to be formal cluster head nodes by adding energy and distance factors, finally the date are transferred to sink through multi-hop. The results of simulation show that the improved algorithm is better than LEACH in network lifetime, energy consumption and the amount of data transmission.

The shape of the radiating patch in the microstrip patch antenna is one of the many factors that affect the performance of the microstrip antenna.In this paper, on the premise of center frequency of 2.45 GHz, rectangular, circular and triangular microstrip patch antennas are designed and simulated respectively.The simulation results of the three microstrip patch antenna are analyzed, such as feed point position, return loss and radiation patterns.The influence of the shape of the radiation patch on the impedance bandwidth, gain and directivity of microstrip antennas is discussed.The simulation results show that the comprehensive performance of rectangular microstrip patch antenna is better than the other two, the comprehensive performance of triangular microstrip patch antenna is poor.

The DOA Estimation of the MIMO radar is widely used to determine the position of the objects. Having been considered the multipath communication environment, this paper estimates the DOA information of low elevation targets using beam space MUSIC algorithm based on the model of uniform linear array of MIMO radar. Simulations have shown that the algorithm is effective in the multipath spread environment, and the resolution of the DOA estimation of angular is about 0.5°

A series of electrical parameters is used to describe the performance of antenna. Antenna pattern which is the main electrical parameter of antenna shows an aerial image of radiation field. The antenna pattern simulation system which can make antenna users install the antenna visual is developed in Visual Studio 2005 with the application of MFC programming technology. Test results show that the antenna pattern simulation system is effective.

Two-factor and three-level fractional factorial design was employed for evaluation of the effect of Glycine and Triton X-100 on the secretion and expression of ZZ-EGFP fusion proteins. Varying contents of glycine (0%, 1%, 2%) and Triton X-100 (0%, 1%, 2%) were added into shaking flasks, respectively, and supplied with appropriate volume of ampicillin (total 9 combinations; group at concentration zero serving as control) to promote more ZZ-EGFP diffuse into liquid culture medium. Fluorescent intensity in the culture supernatant was detected. A standard curve could be generated on the basis of fluorescent intensity and protein concentration. The expression level of ZZ-EGFP fusion proteins was estimated by checking the protein standard curve concentration fluorescene intensity. Results show that when the culture medium contains 2% Glycine and 1% Triton X-100, the expression level of ZZ-EGFP was able to be greatly increased. Further experiments revealed that absorbance value (A600) in the experiment group, whose culture medium contains 2% Glycine and 2% Triton X-100, is significantly lower than other groups in the present experiment. These results indicate that the culture medium containing appropriate quantity of Glycine and Triton X-100 is favourable to the secretion and expression level of ZZ-EGFP in gene-engineering bacteria Escherichia coli HB101.

The oxynitrilase in Chaenomeles Speciosa seed meal was used as the biocatalyst to synthesize a series of chiral methyl ketone cyanohydrins with satisfactory conversion and conspicuous enantiomeric excess. The optimized reaction conditions including the organic solvent, the ratio of biphasic solvents as well as the pH of the reaction system were investigated.

Aim: To study the relationship between primary structures of oligodeoxynucleo-tides (ODN) containing unmethylated deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine (CpG) dinucleotide motifs and their immunostimulatory activities in mouse spleen cells. Methods: A series of CpG ODN with different primary structures were synthesized. Their capabilities to stimulate mouse spleen cell proliferation were determined by [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. Cytokine (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-12, and IFN-α) secretion spectra induced by CpG ODN were assessed by ELISA. The ability of CpG ODN to activate natural killer cells was evaluated by standard 4 h 51Cr-release assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to examine the expressions of various lymphocyte surface molecules on diverse immunocytes. An effective CpG ODN for murine, ODN1826, was set as the template of modification and the positive control. Results: The immunostimulatory activities of CpG ODN with different sequences and compositions varied markedly, both in character and in extent. It was useless for improving the immunostimulatory activity of ODN1826 by simply increasing the functional hexameric CpG motif number, modifying the site of CpG motifs, or changing the distance between multi-CpG motifs. However, an addition of a self-complementary palindrome structure at the 3′-end, but not the 5′-end of CpG ODN, aroused marked improvement in its activity. Several designed ODN had superior comprehensive immunostimulatory properties compared to ODN1826. Conclusion: The immunostimulatory activity of a CpG ODN was relevant to its primary structure. It was useless for promoting immunostimulatory activity to simply change CpG motif number, space, or distance. The 3′-end palindrome structure of CpG ODN is associated with enhanced immunostimulatory activity.

To optimize the formulation of Eisemia foetida protein (EFP) burn spray.A five-factor, three-level response surface method was employed; The response variable was the proliferation effect of EFP on NIH3T3 cells.The optimization formulation was as follows: the proportion of EFP, glycerol and mannitol was 0.91%, 1.42% and 5%, respectively; 0.02 mol/L Na2 HPO4 and 0.01 mol/L citric acid buffer system corresponding pH value was 7.0.The response surface method is reliable, efficient and suitable for optimizing the formulation of EFP burn spray.

To investigate the protective effect of polysaccharides from sea cucumber (HS) on Glu-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.The toxicity model was established by treating PC12 cells with Glu in vitro. Cell viability was assayed with MTT method. The vitality of antioxidant enzymes (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated by chromatometry.The vitality of SOD increased and the levels of MDA and LDH significantly decreased in PC12 cells of HS group compared with the model group. HS in different concentration showed protective effects as it increased the vitality of SOD and decreased the content of MDA and LDH in a dose-dependent manner.Polysaccharide from sea cucumber can protect PC12 cells from the injury induced by Glu.

The surrogate test has been extensively employed in testing the nonlinear characteristics of time series. In this paper, surrogate tests are applied to the real-life IPIX radar data to detect targets within sea clutter. Surrogate tests show that sea clutter represents nonlinear tendency while the echoes of small targets show linear tendency. With their different physical properties, the small targets are detected reliably from sea clutter. Comparative experiments show that the proposed method is more accurate and robust than the detrended fluctuation analysis.

By orthogonal design, and considering extracting efficiency and cost, optimizing the extract method of Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysaccharides. We purified the crude Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysaccharides initially, and assayed the polysaccharides content of Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysccharides. The content of Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysaccharides was sigificantly higher than the predecessor. It would provide conditions for the deep exploitation of Gynostemma pentaphyllum.

3-Monosubstituted six-membered benzosultams with a wide range of functional groups were prepared by simple and convenient two-step procedures. o-Lithiation of N-Boc-o-toluenesulfonamide followed by reaction with aldehydes gave carbinol sulfonamides, which were converted to 3-monosubstituted six-membered benzosultams via TMSCl/NaI/MeCN reagent mediated cyclization. The mechanism and the scope of this novel transformation are studied.