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The technology of displaying message is an important part of communication and advertisement. The work aimed at the construction, implementation and performance evaluation of a micro-controller based scrolling display system with Bluetooth interface. The work used the micro-controller (ATmega 328p) as the control component in the construction of the device which making the design of the device simple due to the addition of the input/output port on the microcontroller. A Bluetooth module was incorporated in the design which functions as the receiver of the message sent via Bluetooth. The LED display device mainly consisted of a Bluetooth Module and Microcontroller which receives the message, checks validity and displays the received information after necessary code conversion. Hospitals, banks, sport, stadium, airports, railway stations, education sectors and stock markets find this device a useful tool by prompting them to reflect many times on the scrolling lights, automatically displaying either messages of advertisement, place description or greetings at any time of the day. The constructed device was meant to describe Physics Department by displaying the message “WELCOME TO PHYSICS DEPARTMENT” It could be used for both indoor and outdoor purposes. In fact it is the most alluring, unique, captivating and attractive means of information dissemination.

Burj Khalifa, a notable landmark in a growing landscape of skyscrapers, along with other tall structures, has dramatically transformed the morphology of Dubai and elevated it to global prominence. This masterpiece was designed to attract international interest, as it diversifies the economy from an oil-based one towards one that is tourist-and servicebased. However, the foremost design input and major challenges of the super-tall building are associated with the increase in height, which put them at risk of wind- and earthquake-induced lateral loads and user satisfaction. Consequently, it was essential to study both the design and construction phases of the tallest towers in the context of the wind and earthquake impact. This study aims to revalidate the three structural design phases; conceptual, schematic, and detailed design of this vertical city to confirm that the requirements are achieved. The methodology is a theoretical and analytical elaboration of the case study that obtains and confirms the basic requirements through a review of the existing survey, drawings, literature, and archived documents. Finally, the study validates the presumed structural behaviour and the insitu determined response, which are outstanding. The study further unveils the development of the structural health monitoring programme that gives an instant and direct response to the real structural performance of the building from the commencement of the construction and throughout its lifespan.

Introduction The clinical rating scale for head control assesses control of head/neck in children with neurological conditions. Head control is important for activities of daily living and quality of life in children. Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the scale in children with Cerebral Palsy. Method The study was a cross-sectional study approved by Research ethics committees of Kano State Ministry of Health and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital involving children with CP. Three independent raters assessed the children using Clinical Rating Scale for Head Control at two different times, and the intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities were analyzed using kappa statistics and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Fifty children with CP with mean age, 24.17±12.17 months participated in the study. The result of the study showed that there were very good agreement in all the test positions for the three raters and between the first and the second ratings and in all the test positions between the three raters respectively (k>0.8). Similarly, there was no proportional bias between ratings in 24 of the measurements (p>0.05). Conclusion Clinical rating scale for head control seems to be a reliable instrument. Thus, it can be used to monitor the progress of rehabilitation in CP patients to help improve their quality of life.

Bölgesel Güvenlik Kompleksi Teorisini (BGKT) ve nitel metodolojik yaklaşımı kullanan bu makale, Boko Haram isyanının/ ayaklanmasının Kopenhag Güvenlik Araştırmaları Okulu’nun savunucuları tarafından önerildiği gibi çeşitli güvenlik sektörleri ve arenaları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Makalenin bulguları, bu terör örgütünün varlığının ve faaliyetlerinin çeşitli güvenlik arenalarını etkilediğini ve ayrıca alt bölgesel ve bölgesel aktörlerin terör örgütünün yarattığı tehdide karşı koymak için tasarladıkları çeşitli karşı önlemlere rağmen korkunç alt bölgesel ve bölgesel etkiler yarattığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, bu zorluğu çözmek için makale, bu grubun varlığına çeşitli siyasi, askeri, toplumsal, ekonomik, çevresel, alt bölgesel ve bölgesel düzeylerde karşı koymada yer alan kritik ve ilgili aktörlere pratik öneriler sunmuştur., Using the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT) and qualitative methodological approach, this article examines the impact of the Boko Haram insurgency on the various sectors and arenas of security as proposed by proponents of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies. Findings of the article suggest that the presence and activities of this terror group have impacted the various arenas of security and have also created dire sub-regional and regional implications in spite of the various counter-measures designed by sub-regional and regional actors to counter the threat posed by the terror group. Therefore, to address this challenge, the article offers practical recommendations to critical and relevant actors involved in countering the presence of this group at the various political, military, societal, economic, environmental, sub-regional, and regional levels.

The Unruh effect, thereby an ideally accelerated quantum detector is predicted to absorb thermalized virtual photons and re-emit real photons, is significantly extended for laboratory accessible configurations. Using modern influence functional techniques, we obtain explicit expressions describing the excitation and relaxation of the quantum levels of an Unruh detector as a general noninertial open quantum system. Remarkably, for controllable periodical motions, an exact master equation is found for the Unruh detector within the prevailing framework of quantum optics with a well-defined Unruh temperature for given acceleration ($\alpha$), acceleration frequency ($\omega_\alpha$), and transition frequency ($\omega_0$) of the detector. We further show that the measurable Unruh temperatures and corresponding transition rates are comparable or higher than their values for the ideally accelerated cases if $c\omega_0$ and $c\omega_\alpha$ have similar orders of magnitude as $\alpha$. This allows us to select the transition rates of the detector to unmask Unruh radiation against Larmor radiation which has been a major competing noise. Our work suggests experiments with such settings may directly confirm the Unruh effect within the current technology, based on which a laboratory test of black hole thermodynamics will become possible., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Background: Rhinitis is one of the commonest occupational related respiratory disorders that is only restricted to the upper airway but can involve the lower respiratory tract with considerable airflow limitation, this study was conducted assess the ventilator function of persons exposed to saw dust with rhinitis symptomsMethods: This is a cross sectional study carried out among 200 randomly selected saw mill workers and 200 healthy staff of Jos University Teaching Hospital staff in Jos metropolis from September to November 2008. Data on sociodemographic variables, symptoms of rhinitis, etc was obtained using a modified semi structured British medical research council questionnaire while respiratory function data was measured using a spirometryResult: A total of 400 responds comprising of 200 saw mill workers and 200 controls participated in this study. Based on diagnostic criteria. 43% of the subjects fit into diagnosis of rhinitis, 33% had asthma symptoms and 24 % did not fit into any category compared to none of < 5% of the control group. The ventilatory function based on FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio and PEFR showed a significant decline when matched with controls and predicted value, suggesting an airflow limitation among the rhinitis group.Conclusion: Rhinitis associated with wood dust exposure is not restricted to airway but involves the entire respiratory tract with airflow limitation as one of its consequences.Keywords: Ventilatory function, Rhinitis, wood dust exposure

Background: Adverse effects from second line drugs used in MDRTB treatment include neuropsychiatric effects which are usually very significant as they may cause anxiety and lead to default and poor adherence by patients if quick recognition and intervention is not available. This case series aims highlight the occurrence of cycloserine related psychosis among patient on treatment for MDR-TB in Nigeria, with the objective of promoting adequate evaluation and quick response and treatment to this important ADR.Method: The case records of 3 patients from two MDR-TB in-patient treatment centers in Nigeria and a review of the existing literature was utilized.Results: An association was found with the use of Cycloserine and development of Psychosis during the management of these patients with MDR-TB. Early recognition and quick treatment is required to ensure treatment continuation and resolution of the ADR.Conclusion: Patients with MDR-TB on Cycloserine containing CAT IV regimen should be monitored closely for neuropsychiatric side effects for early diagnosis, prevention and treatment.Keywords: Cycloserine; Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis; Adverse Drug Reactions; Psychosis;Nigeria

Background: The lung is organ most affected by occupation-related toxin inhalation after the skin. Exposure to wood dust is associated with serious health hazards, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and severity of COPD among saw mill workers in an urban metropolis in North central Nigeria.Methodology: In this case-control study, we compared the prevalence of COPD amongst 200 healthy adults and 200 workers employed at four saw mills in Jos, North central Nigeria. In both subjects and control groups, we assessed ventilatory function using a vitalograph spirometer to measure FEVl, FVC, andFEVl/FVC ratio.Results: Amongst the control group, various respiratory symptoms were prevalent in 0-2% of subjects, while impaired FEVl and FVC values suggestive of an obstructive ventilatory defect was detected in 1%. Amongst study subjects, respiratory symptoms were prevalent in 22-80%, while impaired FEVl and FVC values was detected in 40%, of whom 35% had an obstructive defect and 5% had a restrictive defect.Conclusions: Respiratory symptoms and COPD are prevalent among saw mill workers in Northern Nigeria, where exposure to saw dust can be reduced by improved working conditions and better public awareness.Keywords: COPD; Spirometry; Sawmill workers; Nigeria