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This study focuses on the following aspects in the development of the life insurance sector in Bulgaria: Prospects for the life insurance sector based on the market statistical and factual information; Savings in life insurance as an alternative to other investments (bank deposit, pension fund); The link between life insurance with health insurance accident and illness, as well as with health insurance from the National Health Insurance Fund; Additional tax deductions for individuals and legal entities who have taken out life insurance; The purpose that is set is to track and analyze life insurance developments in Bulgaria. As a result, a good notion of the market specifics and development is achieved. Concluded are the prospects for the market development.

The student accident insurance has been part of the German Statutory Accident Insurance (Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung, DGUV) for 50 years. In order to assess the reduction in working capacity (Minderung der Erwerbsfahigkeit, MdE) in the event of permanent consequences of accidents and injuries, the recommendation to treat the affected child or adolescent "as an average adult" is currently still valid. The present work deals with the everyday practice of the MdE assessment in children and adolescents and their weaknesses through the transfer of the principles from adulthood. In addition, proposals for the adaptation of the assessment principles for the growth age are drawn up.

Useof a vehicle involves a risk of collision and,consequently,high costs of post-accident repairs. Therefore, if there is no insurance cover and the repair must be paid by the vehicle owner, some of them choose to file fraudulent insurance claims as the damage can be very difficult to verify. Payments of undue damages pose a majorsocial and economic problem. Thisarticle deals with these problems and puts forward a proposition of insurance claim verification by means of a new research method to increase the efficiency of detection and elimination of such claims. This new method requires division of the damage-verification process into static analysis (S), dynamic analysis (D) and analysis of characteristic damage (C). The obtained results show that insurance companieshave had problems with selection of appropriate research methods to verify the insurance claims. Application of the proposed new method allows to reduce payments of undue damages and the costs of court proceedings.

In this paper, the author analyses a few examples of fraud in life and accident insurance. The cases that are the subject of this Article can be classified as "heavy frauds" according to the seriousness of the crime committed and as "external" according to the source type. The course and epilogue of the trials show how important it is to have the closest possible coordination between the judicial, police and insurance institutions and that the character of insurance frauds is becoming increasingly international, requiring stronger cross-border inter-institutional cooperation. Also, experts from a growing number of disciplines (from medicine, through mechanical engineering to technological sciences) do have a particularly notable role in discovering false insurance claims. Their expertise findings can make a decisive contribution to clarifying the circumstances of each and every case. The examples presented in this Article illustrate that closer cooperation between all the named participants and the use of advanced methods and technologies are the indispensable tool of a good and a more efficient fight against the insurance fraud.

The Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Transport Research Group (Figure 1) focuses on advancing knowledge, engineering, and science in traffic management and control; travel behavior; performance evaluation; traffic safety; data analytics; and public and active transportation. Our work is underpinned by a strong intelligent transportation systems foundation. We have a long-standing, productive relationship with the Queensland Department of Transport and the Main Roads and Motor Accident Insurance Commission through our Transport Academic Partnership agreement, and we recently established a partnership with the Brisbane City Council. Through these networks, we undertake strategic transport research and development and build mutual transport capability within the university sector, government agencies, and industry to address existing and emerging transportation challenges.

Welfare researchers have regarded statutory accident insurance in 1916 as a starting point for the exceptional expansion of the Swedish welfare state. However, rather less attention has been paid to the roles played by mutual insurance societies and employer compensation schemes in offering voluntary welfare protection. We argue that voluntary welfare protection was an integral part of the early-twentieth century welfare system and played a crucial role in protecting workers in the case of sickness and accident. We also examine the limitations of these arrangements and explore the ways in which the design of the statutory scheme ensured that there was a continuing role for voluntary provision after the new Act came into operation. We also explore the impact of the scheme on wage levels, and show how its introduction eroded the wage premiums which had previously been earned by workers in high-risk industries.

By using the eligibility determination process of the Swiss accident insurance (Suva) as a case in point, we aimed to examine current challenges and the need for a goal-oriented ICF-based approach in disability evaluation as experienced by different stakeholder groups.Descriptive qualitative design involving semi-structured expert interviews with five main stakeholder groups of the eligibility determination process (i.e., Suva insurance officers, Suva insurance physicians, treating physicians, lawyers and judges). Interviews were thematically analyzed and their results reflected upon in focus groups with selected interview participants.Forty-three interviews and three focus groups were conducted. Participants pointed to challenges related to standardization, transparency, objectivity, efficiency and contextual factors. An ICF-based standard documenting claimant-job mismatches and their determinants was deemed promising for ensuring comprehensible and valid eligibility decisions, systematic and uniform reporting and a goal-oriented eligibility determination process. Concerns primarily addressed a potential pseudo-accuracy when using the standard for eligibility decisions.Implementing a goal-oriented ICF-based standard may help to approach current challenges in disability evaluation. Our findings support the development of such a standard for Suva's eligibility determination, but also point at the importance of involving key stakeholders to ensure its applicability and cross-disciplinary acceptance.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPoor standardization and transparency as well as objectivity and efficiency issues represent key challenges in disability evaluation, as experienced by the different stakeholder groups involved in an eligibility determination process.A standardized ICF-based approach focusing on the documentation of claimant-job mismatches and their determinants is promising for improving transparency, validity and comparability of eligibility decisions.With its focus on claimants' ability to participate at work such an ICF-based standard has the potential to ensure a goal-oriented planning of assessments and interventions in the eligibility determination process.Our study provides specific targets for optimizing eligibility determination in disability evaluation but also for ensuring a customized and effective return to work after sustaining an injury.

Background: The application of medical accident insurance could not only cover parts of patients’ property loss caused by non-medical negligence, but also reduce the risks of medical staff during medical services. However, the compensation mechanism for medical accidents is unsound in china. Methods: In order to figure out the awareness and acceptance of the medical accident insurance in Shanghai medical institutions, medical staff and patients, a questionnaire survey was conducted. The feedback, which in total came from 22 medical institutions, 1,689 medical staff and 1,342 patients, was statistically analyzed by chi-square test.Results：Only 22.72% of the 22 hospitals in this questionnaire survey purchased medical accident insurance. As a result, medical accident insurance only accounts for 3.13% of medical compensation, which was far lower than the negotiated compensation ratio (61.25%) and the medical liability insurance compensation ratio (14.38%). This may be due to the low awareness of medical accident insurance, and our survey also proves this phenomenon. In this survey, we find that only a small proportion (22.73%) of medical institutions purchase medical accident insurance. What is more unexpected is that the vast majorities of patients (50.00%) and medical workers (64.00%) have only heard of it and are not aware of it. Although nearly half of the patients (45.16%) and medical workers (58.26%) are willing to buy medical accident insurance, there were still some patients and medical workers who were uncertain (32.80% and 38.82%, respectively) or unwilling to buy it (8.94% and 16.02%, respectively). The reason is nothing more than that no benefits will occur while the cost is high. Among those willing to buy, the majority of the patients (58.19%) and medical workers (54.39%) only accept the amount of insurance less than RMB 200 yuan. Conclusions: The acceptability and cognition of medical accident insurance in medical workers and patients are still at a low level in Shanghai. In addition, preliminary data from medical institutions purchasing medical accident insurance shows that the insurance can effectively reduce medical disputes and ease economic burden. To sum up, medical accident insurance has good application prospect and space in Shanghai, China.

Orders for medical expertise reports of the accident insurance institutions and the social courts often have very difficult and complex issues and therefore require a high level of medical expertise as well as occupational health and accident insurance law knowledge. This applies in particular to the expert opinion as to whether a causal connection exists between occupational effects and the disease. Causality must be described on the basis of the current state of medical and scientific knowledge in such a way that it is comprehensible for an accident insurance institution or for a court. The insured person himself should also be able to comprehensively understand the content of the opinion and its consequences.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGOsteoporose ist eine Erkrankung mit einer verminderten Knochenmasse und Knochenstruktur. Das Frakturrisiko für atraumatische Frakturen ist in Abhängigkeit der Schwere der Erkrankung erhöht. Für den ärztlichen Gutachter stellt die Beurteilung einer osteoporotischen Fraktur eine Herausforderung dar, da in den verschiedenen Versicherungssystemen unterschiedliche Bewertungen hinsichtlich Mitwirkung, Vorinvalidität und Kausalität bestehen. Neben der Klärung der Begrifflichkeiten in der gesetzlichen und privaten Unfallversicherung spielt die Beurteilung der Erkrankung mit klinischen, radiologischen und osteodensitometrischen Parametern eine Rolle. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Begutachtung der Osteoporose in der gesetzlichen und privaten Unfallversicherung dargestellt und Möglichkeiten zu deren gutachterlichen Beurteilung aufgezeigt.

The article asks what drives the time to repurchase for life and accident insurance contracts in low income households. We use data on customers of a financial services provider from three states in India and find that the probability of repurchase is highest in the first 2 months after the contract expires, and steadily declines after. This suggests a window of opportunity for financial firms and governments to target customers to ensure continuous insurance purchase. Nonmembership of microfinance groups and poor rainfall in the month of expiry affect the time to repurchase adversely. Customers who take longer to repurchase tend to increase the amount of insurance cover.

This paper presents a history of New Zealand's accident compensation scheme as a struggle between two competing normative paradigms that justify the core reform of the replacement of civil actions for victims of personal injury with a comprehensive no-fault scheme. Under ‘community insurance’, the scheme represents the community taking moral and practical responsibility for members who are injured in accidents, while for ‘compulsory insurance’ the scheme is a specific form of compulsory accident insurance. Understanding the history of the scheme in this way helps explain both the persistence of the scheme and important changes made to it by different governments.

A central issue in dynamic contracting is the type of inter-temporal pricing pattern. Some insurance products exhibit a highballing (front-loaded) pattern and others a lowballing (back-loaded) pattern, while still others are flat. We develop a unified competitive dynamic insurance model with asymmetric learning to investigate the impact of insurer commitment on the equilibrium inter-temporal pricing pattern. The model predicts that the equilibrium contract exhibits highballing under one-sided commitment and lowballing under no commitment. We then use a unique empirical setting of two products from one insurer, eliminating heterogeneity in firm, market, time horizon, and learning environment, to isolate the role of insurer commitment in determining the pricing pattern. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, we find that (i) the dynamic contracts exhibit a highballing pattern in loaner’s personal accident insurance, a one-sided commitment scenario, and (ii) a lowballing pattern in group critical illness insurance, a no-commitment scenario.

ZusammenfassungEine COVID-19-Erkrankung kann Berufskrankheit oder Arbeitsunfall sein. Eine Anerkennung als Berufskrankheit 3101 kann erfolgen, wenn die Erkrankung bei versicherten Personen auftritt, die infolge der Ausübung ihrer beruflichen Tätigkeit in einem von vier Bereichen einer gegenüber der Allgemeinbevölkerung wesentlich erhöhten Infektionsgefahr ausgesetzt waren: (1) Gesundheitsdienst, (2) Wohlfahrtspflege, (3) Laboratorium oder (4) bei anderer Tätigkeit mit ähnlich wie bei (1) bis (3) erhöhter Infektionsgefahr. Der Versicherungsschutz bezieht sich auf Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer, Selbständige – soweit nicht befreit – und Ehrenamtliche. Gesetzlich meldepflichtig ist die COVID-19-Erkrankung, meist in Verbindung mit zeitnahem SARS-CoV-2-Erregernachweis. Eine COVID-19-Erkrankung kann dann als Arbeitsunfall vorliegen, wenn sich der intensive und direkte Kontakt zu infizierten Personen nicht bestimmungsgemäß wie bei der Berufskrankheit 3101, sondern anderweitig situativ aus der versicherten Tätigkeit ergibt.

The real-world insurance markets show that the experience of having an accident increases insurance purchases in the next period relative to insurance purchases when in the immediately prior period there was no accident. There have been several explanations put forward to explain such behaviour, with the leading explanation involving probability updating. In the present paper, using a simple two-period model of intertemporal insurance, we posit a second reason for the effect based upon decreasing absolute risk aversion and consumption smoothing. We argue that under the assumption that the insured has access to a mechanism of savings and loans, then any two consecutive periods of insurance become inter-dependent, whereas without savings they are independent. Our findings show that savings as a consumption smoothing mechanism leads to post-accident insurance being significantly greater than post-no-accident insurance.

This article discusses the role of employers and their organizations in promoting or hindering social insurance schemes and, ultimately, the welfare state. Unlike most studies that center on countries in periods of democracy, this research focuses on the role of employers, and specifically employers’ mutuals, in the development of the industrial accident scheme during the Franco dictatorship in Spain. The institutional elimination of the class struggle, by repressing the working class and prohibiting class-based unions, led to an evolution of the industrial accident scheme and employers’ liabilities that revolved around the interrelationship between employers and the state. While employers tried to keep control of the management and low cost of the insurance, the state maintained significant bureaucratic intervention and increased auditing and control. The democratic period that began in 1977 prolonged the structure fostered during the Franco regime and enhanced the power of the mutuals in managing this insurance. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España RTI2018-094676-B-I00

Background Video analysis is one of the most commonly applied methods for analysing football injuries. Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of video analysis for recording head injuries in professional football from official matches in the four highest men’s professional football leagues in Germany. Methods In this cohort study, head injuries detected by means of video analysis of all official matches over one season (2017–18) were compared to head injuries registered with the German statutory accident insurance. Results Our video analysis yielded 359 head injuries of 287 players. The comparison of head injuries found in our video analysis to those registered with the accident insurance only yielded a match in 23.1% (n = 83), which presents a rather low verification rate. The verification rates varied between the leagues (7.0–30.8%). All injuries documented in the accident insurance registry were found in the video analysis (100%). The types of head injury most often verified by the accident insurance registry (n = 83) were contusion (43.4%), bone fractures (19.3%) and skin lacerations (18.1%). Only 66 of the 359 head injuries (18.4%) resulted in absence from at least one training session and involved a mean time loss of 18.5 days (1–87 days). Conclusion The mismatch between the number of head injuries found in the video analysis and head injuries registered with the accident insurance is an important methodological issue in scientific research. The low verification rate seems to be due to the unclear correlation between injury severity and clinical consequences of head injuries detected by means of video analysis and the failure of football clubs to register minor head injuries with the accident insurance.

The aim of the study is to present the subjective and objective aspects of sickness, accident, and maternity insurance for farmers. The study deals with the income and expenses of the Contribution Fund and their correlation with the amount of benefits paid. The study uses financial analysis methods, descriptive analysis methods, and logical inference. Results are presented in tabular form. Between 2009 and 2019, there was a decrease in the number of insured persons. The Contribution Fund has been increasingly financing tasks indirectly related to sickness, accident, and maternity insurance. The conducted assessment shows that the currently existing legal regulations concerning the first pillar of insurance risks by the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund (KRUS), i.e., sickness, accident, and maternity risks, specified in the Farmers��� Social Insurance Act, have become obsolete and require changes. The definition of an accident at work in agriculture requires a new regulation. It is about extending the scope of agricultural activity to include activities related to the processing of agricultural raw materials, provision of services, supervision and protection of property, and conducting non-agricultural business activities.

This chapter explains the success of Mutualidad de la Agrupacion de Propietarios de Fincas Rusticas de Espana (MAPFRE), the leading insurance company in Spain. Founded in 1933, it first developed its business in agricultural accident insurance. The nationalization of this insurance sector led the company to invest in car insurance. It became the leading insurance company in 1983. International expansion followed from 1984 onwards. Excellent management enabled MAPFRE to dominate the non-life insurance market in Latin America. In addition, it expanded to the United States, Canada, Turkey, China, the Philippines and to other European countries such as Italy, Britain, Germany and France. The last big move was the shift from a mutual company to a stock company in 2006.

Starting from the question: "What is the accident risk of an insured?", this paper considers a multivariate approach by taking into account three types of accident risks and the possible dependence between them. Driven by a real data set, we propose three trivariate Sarmanov distributions with generalized linear models (GLMs) for marginals and incorporate various individual characteristics of the policyholders by means of explanatory variables. Since the data set was collected over a longer time period (10 years), we also added each individual's exposure to risk. To estimate the parameters of the three Sarmanov distributions, we analyze a pseudo-maximumlikelihood method. Finally, the three models are compared numerically with the simpler trivariate Negative Binomial GLM.

Work Accident Insurance (JKK) is a protection for the risk of accidents or illness due to work during the service period. JKK is divided into two benefits, namely care and compensation. Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 102/2015 regulates that scholarship assistance is given in lump sum (at once). Giving lumpsum scholarship assistance is felt to be less on target. Some cases that have occurred, the recipient (heir) has not attended school when given scholarship assistance so it is probable that the scholarship assistance is not used properly. This study discusses 3 models, namely the lumpsum model based on Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 102/2015, alternative model 1 (Rp 30,000,000 and given when entering a new level of education), and alternative model 2 (Rp 40,000,000 and given when entering a new level of education). There are three criteria in determining the best model, which has a greater benefit value, the burden that must be borne by the company is smaller or the same as the lumpsum method and payment is more targeted. By using these three criteria, it was found that alternative model 2 was the best model.

The Global Work-Injury Policy Database (GWIP) provides data on the introduction and development of work-injury policy in 186 independent nation states. Work-injury policies were historically known as “workmen’s compensation”, "workman's compensation" and sometimes “accident insurance” among policymakers and scholars. The data include year of introduction of first laws, the types of laws, coverage of blue-collar workers and steps on the path to social insurance laws. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 4

In most of the book, it has been assumed that a claim is paid out immediately to the insured. In practice, delays in reporting a claim and/or covering often arise, and the total claim amount may not be known at the time the claim occurs. One typical example is accident insurance, where the degree of disability is not a priori known and treatment takes place over a period.

Economists have long argued that introducing social insurance will reduce fertility. The hypothesis relies on standard models: if children are desirable in part because they provide security in case of disability or old age, then state programs that provide insurance against these events should induce couples to substitute away from children in the allocation of wealth. We test this claim using the introduction of social insurance in Germany in the 1880s and 1890s. Bismarck’s social-insurance system provided health insurance, workplace-accident insurance, and old age pensions to a majority of the working population. The German case appeals because the social insurance program started on a large scale and was compulsory for covered classes of workers, and because fertility in Germany in this period was still relatively high. Focusing on the state of Prussia, we estimate differences-in-differences models that ask whether marriage and marital fertility reacted to the introduction or extension of the main social insurance programs. For Prussia as a whole we find little impact.

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen eines Pilotprojektes wurde ein telefonisch-psychologisches Beratungsangebot in 4 Bezirksverwaltungen der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW) implementiert und formativ evaluiert. Sachbearbeiter, Psychotherapeuten und die Versicherten wurden bezüglich ihrer Erfahrungen und Zufriedenheit mit dem Angebot befragt. Das telefonische Beratungsangebot wurde von ca. 15,5% der angeschriebenen Versicherten angenommen. Versicherte, die das Angebot angenommen haben, schätzen sich tendenziell stärker psychisch belastet ein, sind 3 Monate nach der Angebotsunterbreitung häufiger noch krankgeschrieben und nehmen im Anschluss häufiger eine Psychotherapie in Anspruch. Die Telefonate mit dem Psychotherapeuten werden von den meisten als hilfreich eingeschätzt. Auch von den beteiligten Psychotherapeuten und den Sachbearbeitern wird das Angebot positiv bewertet. Insgesamt kann die Implementierung als gelungen bewertet werden. Ein Wirksamkeitsnachweis im Rahmen einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie wäre der nächste Schritt.

In a 30-year-old chef with recurrent delayed angioedema history as well as the experimental detection of IgE antibodies against galactose-alpha-(1,3)-galactose (alpha-Gal) pointed to alpha-Gal as the causative agent. The diagnosis, therefore, was delayed anaphylaxis due to alpha-Gal. Because of the potential relationship to his profession, we submitted a dermatologist's report BK 5101 to the liability and insurance association, whereupon his contract of employment was terminated without notice. As a consequence, we reported an occupational disease. This case demonstrates an underdiagnosed, potentially life-threatening allergy to the disaccharide alpha-Gal in red meat as an occupational disease.

Non-life insurance prices may fluctuate due to economic and/or institutional factors; occasionally, the changes are cyclical. While the majority of previous studies relating to insurance price dynamics adopt data from developed economies, this paper uses data from China to provide new evidence. This study tests the long-term and short-term effects of real gross domestic product (GDP), interest rate and rate of stock market return on the prices of different lines of non-life insurance, i.e., property-liability insurance and personal accident insurance. The results indicate that the price dynamics of property-liability insurance are generally similar to those of developed countries, except for the effect of GDP, while price determination of personal accident insurance seems to be affected by a wider range of economic and institutional variables and has its own features. The price dynamics of non-life insurance in China have been identified as being connected to the country-specific economic and institutional environments.

Osteoporose ist ein multifaktorielles Krankheitsbild mit dem Ergebnis einer herabgesetzten Knochenfestigkeit und erhohten Bruchigkeit. Deren Ursachen sind nur z. T. erforscht; die Auspragung der Osteoporose ist bei der Entstehung von Knochenbruchen z. T. masgeblich beteiligt. Bei der arztlichen Begutachtung stellt sich naturgemas immer die Frage, inwieweit die Osteoporose zum einen als Vorinvaliditat und zum anderen insbesondere als Mitwirkung infrage kommt. Insbesondere bestehen Unklarheiten daruber, wie hoch eine evtl. Mitwirkung anzusetzen ist, da hier nur unzureichende wissenschaftliche Bewertungssysteme vorliegen. Aus Sicht der Autoren existiert keine valide Einschatzung des Mitwirkungsgrades anhand technischer Untersuchungen oder gar der „Schwere“ des stattgehabten Traumas. Zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt existiert somit keine Moglichkeit, den Grad der Mitwirkung in 10 %- oder 20 %-Schritten anzugeben. Unter Betrachtung des Gesamtbildes und Einbeziehung der klinischen und radiologischen Befunde erscheint es allenfalls moglich, in deutlich groseren Prozentanteilen nach Zusammentragen aller Indizien sich fur oder gegen eine Mitwirkung auszusprechen (0 %, 50 % oder ≥80 %). Die blose Diagnose der Osteoporose rechtfertigt noch keinen Mitwirkungsanteil, wenn nicht ihre Auswirkungen pathomorphologisch gesichert werden konnen.

傷害保険における保険事故の要件としての外来性の要件については、平成19年7月6日の最高裁判決により被保険者の疾病によらないことまでも包含しないという立場が明らかにされたが、その後の裁判実務では、上記判例を前提として、外来の事故に該当するか否か、また保険者免責事由としての被保険者の疾病による事故に該当するか否かが、誤嚥事故、入浴中の溺死事故などについて争われている。本稿では、裁判実務を分析し、外来性要件の解釈と具体的な事実認定のあり方について提言を行う。, The decision of the Supreme Court, July 7, 2007 ruled on the externality of an accident as a requirement for accident insurance benefit. Under such ruling, a claimant of insurance benefit does not have to prove that the accident is not caused by sickness of the insured. It changed the former case law and an insurer bears the burden of proof on a fact that accident is caused by sickness of insured. But after this conversion of burden of proof, other difficult practical problems are arising, particularly in cases of death of insured by aspiration or drowning during bathing etc. This article aims to analyze recent cases on the topics., 佐藤嘉彦教授 森本滋教授 古稀記念論集, Dedicated to Professor Yoshihiko Sato Professor Shigeru Morimoto on their 70th birthday, Article

A B S T R A C T Purpose: The dynamic intraligamentary stabilization (DIS) technique is based on a different treatment approach than ACL reconstruction in that it intends to promote self-healing of the ligament. It is only recommended for acute injuries (

Industrial accident insurance establishes an individual right to protection against a key risk of industrial modernity. Introduced in Imperial Germany in 1884, accident insurance became a global mo...

There is a closely interactive relationship among health insurance, life insurance, property insurance, accident insurance. Based on data from January 2006 to January 2017, we use VAR model to analyze the interactive relationship among health insurance, life insurance, property insurance, accident insurance empirically by Eviews 8.0. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium and mutual causality among health insurance, life insurance, property insurance, accident insurance. From short term perspective, there are positive effects among the four major types of insurances. In particular, the promotion of accident insurance to health insurance is the most dominant, which will provide a powerful security to the diversified and comprehensive management and professional rapid development of health insurance.

In order to find ways to innovate the development of personal insurance, problems were summarized and constraining factors that prevent personal insurance from developing as a separate insurance industry. These problems include: the lack of a developed insurance infrastructure, low insurance culture, unfinished reform in the field of health insurance, the slow pace of economic restructuring, low level of the population's solvency, a protracted political crisis, insecurity of insurance companies. Analysis of global trends in the development of insurance business has shown that those insurance companies that will be ready to offer their clients detailed risk analysis and innovative insurance products will win in competition. On the basis of foreign experience, innovative directions for the development of personal insurance in Ukraine were proposed. In particular, during the research, various ways of innovative improvement of life insurance, medical insurance and accident insurance were identified and proposals were developed to expand the assortment of insurance products and distribution channels for these types of insurance.

Fragestellung: Ziel der Arbeit war es die Auswirkungen des neuen Verletzungsartenverzeichnises vom 01.07.2018 für ein SAV-Zentrum zu evaluieren. Neben der Fallzahlentwicklung der Verletzungsarten-Verfahren- (VAV)-/Schwerstverletzungsartenverfahren-(SAV)-Fälle sollten mögliche Veränderungen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2019)