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1. Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With COVID-19 Presenting With Myocardial Infarction

Author: Raviteja R, Guddeti, Cristina, Sanina, Rajiv, Jauhar, Timothy D, Henry, Payam, Dehghani, Ross, Garberich, Christian W, Schmidt, Keshav R, Nayak, Jay S, Shavadia, Akshay, Bagai, Chadi, Alraies, Aditya, Mehra, Rodrigo, Bagur, Cindy, Grines, Avneet, Singh, Rajan A G, Patel, Wah Wah, Htun, Nima, Ghasemzadeh, Laura, Davidson, Deepak, Acharya, Ameer, Kabour, Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, Shy, Amlani, Hal S, Wasserman, Timothy, Smith, Navin K, Kapur, and Santiago, Garcia
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicating COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of cardiogenic shock and mortality. However, little is known about the frequency of use and clinical impact of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in these patients. We sought to define patterns of MCS utilization, patient characteristics, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 with STEMI. The NACMI (North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction) is an ongoing prospective, observational registry of patients with COVID-19 positive (COVID-19+) with STEMI with a contemporary control group of persons under investigation who subsequently tested negative for COVID-19 (COVID-19-). We compared the baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of COVID-19+ and patients with COVID-19- according to the use of MCS. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality, stroke, recurrent MI, and repeat unplanned revascularization. A total of 1,379 patients (586 COVID-19+ and 793 COVID-19-) enrolled in the NACMI registry between January 2020 and November 2021 were included in this analysis; overall, MCS use was 12.3% (12.1% [n = 71] COVID-19+/MCS positive [MCS+] vs 12.4% [n = 98] COVID-19-/MCS+). Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. The use of percutaneous coronary intervention was similar between the groups (84% vs 78%; p = 0.404). Intra-aortic balloon pump was the most frequently used MCS device in both groups (53% in COVID-19+/MCS+ and 75% in COVID-19-/MCS+). The primary outcome was significantly higher in COVID-19+/MCS+ patients (60% vs 30%; p = 0.001) because of very high in-hospital mortality (59% vs 28%; p = 0.001). In conclusion, patients with COVID-19+ with STEMI requiring MCS have very high in-hospital mortality, likely related to the significantly higher pulmonary involvement compared with patients with COVID-19- with STEMI requiring MCS.
Published: 2023

2. Trends in Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcomes of STEMI in Patients With COVID-19

Author: Santiago Garcia, Payam Dehghani, Larissa Stanberry, Cindy Grines, Rajan A.G. Patel, Keshav R. Nayak, Avneet Singh, Wah Wah Htun, Ameer Kabour, Nima Ghasemzadeh, Cristina Sanina, Joseph Aragon, M. Chadi Alraies, Catherine Benziger, Brynn Okeson, Ross Garberich, Frederick G. Welt, Laura Davidson, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Deepak Acharya, Jay Stone, Aditya Mehra, Shy Amlani, Ehtisham Mahmud, Jay Giri, Mehmet Yildiz, and Timothy D. Henry
Subjects: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, COVID-19, Humans, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Hospital Mortality, Prospective Studies, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: We previously reported high in-hospital mortality for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with COVID-19 treated in the early phase of the pandemic.The purpose of this study was to describe trends of COVID-19 patients with STEMI during the course of the pandemic.The NACMI (North American COVID-19 STEMI) registry is a prospective, investigator-initiated, multicenter, observational registry of hospitalized STEMI patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection in North America. We compared trends in clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients treated in the first year of the pandemic (January 2020 to December 2020) vs those treated in the second year (January 2021 to December 2021).A total of 586 COVID-19-positive patients with STEMI were included in the present analysis; 227 treated in Y2020 and 359 treated in Y2021. Patients' characteristics changed over time. Relative to Y2020, the proportion of Caucasian patients was higher (58% vs 39%; P 0.001), patients presented more frequently with typical ischemic symptoms (59% vs 51%; P = 0.04), and patients were less likely to have shock pre-PCI (13% vs 18%; P = 0.07) or pulmonary manifestations (33% vs. 47%; P = 0.001) in Y2021. In-hospital mortality decreased from 33% (Y2020) to 23% (Y2021) (P = 0.008). In Y2021, none of the 22 vaccinated patients expired in hospital, whereas in-hospital death was recorded in 37 (22%) unvaccinated patients (P = 0.009).Significant changes have occurred in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of STEMI patients with COVID-19 infection during the course of the pandemic.
Published: 2022

3. Comparing sedation vs. general anaesthesia in transoesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair: a meta-analysis

Author: Preeti Banga, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Minchul Kim, Youssef Chami, Partho P. Sengupta, Sandeep Banga, Darrel C Gumm, and Carmen Howard
Subjects: Time Factors, Percutaneous, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Sedation, Clinical sciences, Anesthesia, General, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cochrane Library, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General anaesthesia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, business.industry, Original Articles, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Confidence interval, Treatment Outcome, Strictly standardized mean difference, Anesthesia, Mitral Valve, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Echocardiography, Transesophageal
Abstract: Aims Transoesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair (TOE-guided PMVR) using edge-to-edge leaflet plication is typically performed under general anaesthesia (GA). Increasing evidence supports the efficacy and safety of PMVR performed under conscious sedation (CS) or deep sedation (DS). We performed a meta-analysis comparing safety and efficacy of CS/DS vs. GA in PMVR. Methods and results A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Study characteristics, participant demographics, and procedural outcomes with both types of anaesthesia were analysed. Out of 73 articles, five met inclusion criteria. Overall, there was no significant difference in the primary outcome of procedural success rate [odds ratio (OR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30–1.88, I2= 0.0%, P = 0.538] or post-procedure in-hospital mortality (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.38–2.71, I2= 0.0%, P = 0.970) in the patients undergoing PMVR under CS/DS vs. GA. The secondary endpoint of intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) was significantly shorter in patients under CS/DS vs. GA (standardized mean difference, SMD = −0.97; 95% CI −1.75 to −0.20; P = 0.014), but the hospital LOS (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI −0.77 to 0.04, P = 0.078) did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups, although it was shorter in the CS/DS group. No difference was observed between CS/DS and GA in fluoroscopy time, procedure time, or complications, including pneumonia, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and major bleeding. Conclusion CS or DS has lower ICU LOS, but comparable procedural success rate and in-hospital mortality, making it a potential alternative to GA for TOE-guided PMVR.
Published: 2023
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4. Evaluation of ECG-gated and Fast Low-Angle Shot (FLASH) Dual Source Computed Tomography Scanning Protocols for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Author: Amartya Kundu, Waqas Qureshi, Mohamed Ahmed, Nikolaos Kakouros, Rohit Malhotra, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Eric J. Schmidlin, and Jennifer D. Walker
Subjects: Male, Transcatheter aortic, Computed Tomography Angiography, Image quality, medicine.medical_treatment, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Cohort Studies, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, Perimeter, Electrocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, Flash (photography), 0302 clinical medicine, Valve replacement, medicine.artery, Multidetector Computed Tomography, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiac skeleton, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aorta, business.industry, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Peripheral, Aortic Valve, Heart Valve Prosthesis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, cardiovascular system, Female, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedural success relies heavily on volumetric reconstruction imaging, particularly ECG-gated multi-detector row computed tomography. We postulated that single examination using fast low-angle shot (FLASH) dual source CT scanning (DS-CTA) could provide lower dose than ECG-gated CTA while maintaining the image quality. Methods In this single-centre cohort study, all patients who underwent ECG-gated and FLASH DS-CTA were evaluated. Volumetric reconstructions were performed for both ECG-gated and FLASH DS-CTA to obtain nonsagittal views of the structures. ECG-gated cardiac CT was obtained to evaluate the aortic annular size while FLASH DS-CTA was obtained to examine the aortic and iliac vasculature as part of TAVR imaging protocol. We evaluated measures of aortic annulus, coronaries and sinus of Valsalva using ECG-gated and FLASH DS-CTA scanning protocols. Image quality assessments were performed using aortic root region-of-interest signal-to-noise ratio. Results A total of 130 patients (mean age 81.5 ± 9.2 years, 46.2% female, and 99.2% white) underwent both ECG-gated CT and FLASH DS-CTA. There were excellent correlations between aortic annular area (R2 = 0.934) and aortic annular perimeter (R2 = 0.923) measured by the two protocols. Only 2 (1.5%) patients had >10% difference between aortic annular measurements by ECG-gated and FLASH DS-CTA, while none of the patients had a >10% difference between aortic annular perimeter measured by ECG-gated and FLASH DS-CT scans. There was no significant difference in signal-to-noise ratio between the two methods (mean difference 13.4; 95% CI −2.1–28.8, p = 0.09). There was significantly lower radiation dose for FLASH DS-CTA than ECG-gated CT scan (mean dose-length product difference 404.38; 95% CI 328.9–479.87, p Conclusion Overall, FLASH DS-CTA and ECG-gated CT scans provided comparable image quality and aortic annular dimensions for pre-TAVR evaluation. DS-CTA additionally provided the necessary angiographic imaging of the aorta and peripheral access vessels while still maintaining a lower radiation dose. We propose that a single non-ECG gated FLASH DS-CTA could be utilized to provide all the necessary pre-TAVR imaging information without a gated CT scan.
Published: 2021

5. Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy Compared With Systemic Thrombolysis in Pulmonary Embolism: A Comprehensive Evaluation From the National Inpatient Sample Database

Author: Yasser Al-Khadra, Venkata Missula, Basma Al-Bast, Prashanth Singanallur, Raad Al Tamimi, Nour Albast, Manasik Abdu, Radhika Deshpande, Mohsin Salih, Peter White, Mehdi H. Shishehbor, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Background: Systemic thrombolysis (ST) may not be ideal for many patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) due to bleeding risk. In this analysis, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) as an alternative to ST for acute PE. Methods: Patients aged ≥18 years who underwent MT and/or ST for PE were identified from the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2017. Patients who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis were excluded. We compared in-hospital outcomes of both groups in this retrospective study. Results: Of 16 890 patients who received an intervention for acute PE, 1380 (8.2%) received MT and 15 510 (91.8%) received ST. There was no difference in age between both groups. In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in patients who received MT than that in those who received ST (11.9% vs 20.6%, odds ratio [OR]: 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29–0.93, p=0.028). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of periprocedural bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and acute kidney injury between the 2 groups (p≥0.608 for all). Patients who received MT had a higher rate of respiratory complications (19.0% vs 11.6%, OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.06–3.03, p=0.030) and discharge to an outside facility (34.1% vs 19.2%, OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.41–3.37, pConclusion: Mortality was significantly lower with MT than that with ST, but larger randomized studies are needed to validate this. The use of MT should be individualized on the basis of the patients’ clinical presentation, risk profile, and local resources. Clinical Impact In this study, we utilized the National Inpatient Sample database to study the in-hospital outcomes of pulmonary embolism patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy compared to those who underwent systemic thrombolysis. We found that the patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism and underwent mechanical thrombectomy had significantly lower mortality compared to those who were treated using systemic thrombolysis. This study was the first of its kind, utilizing the national inpatient sample database for evaluation of mechanical thrombectomy in comparison with the standard of care. These result would direct further randomized controlled trials for better evaluation of the utilization of mechanical thrombectomy in the correct clinical context. Furthermore, our study demonstrated comparable peri-operative complications between the mechanical thrombectomy group and the systemic thrombolysis group. These results would direct clinicians to consider mechanical thrombectomy if clinically indicated given the promising results.
Published: 2022

6. National outcomes of urgent vs. non-urgent percutaneous edge-to-edge transcatheter mitral valve repair

Author: Yasser Al-khadra, Motaz Baibars, Wael Dakkak, Zurain Niaz, Radhika Deshpande, Basma Al-Bast, M. Chadi Alraies, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: The current data regarding outcomes of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system in the urgent setting has not been well described. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the outcomes of urgent MitraClip procedures compared with non-urgent ones.The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database years 2011-2017 was used to identify hospitalizations for MitraClip in the urgent setting. Propensity score matching was used to compare the patients who underwent MitraClip in urgent versus non-urgent settings.A total of 15,993 patients underwent the MitraClip procedures from 2011 to 2017. 3,929 (24.6%) were urgent and 12,064 (75.4%) were non-urgent. Patients in the urgent group were younger (75.08 vs 77.46) and more likely to be African American (p 0.001). The urgent group had a higher burden of comorbidities such as diabetes, atrial fibrillation, renal failure and pulmonary circulatory disorders. Using multivariable logistic regression, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between urgent and non-urgent groups (4.2% vs 1.8%, OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.41-1.00, p = 0.051). Using propensity score matching, there was no statistically significant difference in the in-hospital mortality between urgent and non-urgent groups (4.4% vs 2.8%, OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.71-3.63, p = 0.254). The risks of acute kidney injury and discharge to an outside facility were higher in the urgent group (p 0.001).No significant in-hospital mortality for patients who underwent urgent versus non-urgent MitraClip procedures. Therefore, urgent MitraClip procedure might be an acceptable option when indicated.
Published: 2022

7. Initial Findings From the North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction Registry

Author: Santiago Garcia, Payam Dehghani, Cindy Grines, Laura Davidson, Keshav R. Nayak, Jacqueline Saw, Ron Waksman, John Blair, Bagai Akshay, Ross Garberich, Christian Schmidt, Hung Q. Ly, Scott Sharkey, Nestor Mercado, Carlos E. Alfonso, Naoki Misumida, Deepak Acharya, Mina Madan, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Nosheen Javed, Jay Shavadia, Jay Stone, M. Chadi Alraies, Wah Htun, William Downey, Brian A. Bergmark, Jospeh Ebinger, Tareq Alyousef, Houman Khalili, Chao-Wei Hwang, Joshua Purow, Alexander Llanos, Brent McGrath, Mark Tannenbaum, Jon Resar, Rodrigo Bagur, Pedro Cox-Alomar, Ada C. Stefanescu Schmidt, Lindsey A. Cilia, Farouc A. Jaffer, Michael Gharacholou, Michael Salinger, Brian Case, Ameer Kabour, Xuming Dai, Osama Elkhateeb, Taisei Kobayashi, Hahn-Ho Kim, Mazen Roumia, Frank V. Aguirre, Jeffrey Rade, Aun-Yeong Chong, Hurst M. Hall, Shy Amlani, Alireza Bagherli, Rajan A.G. Patel, David A. Wood, Frederick G. Welt, Jay Giri, Ehtisham Mahmud, and Timothy D. Henry
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Revascularization, outcomes, D2B, door to balloon, PPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, PUI, person under investigation, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Registries, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, IQR, interquartile range, Original Investigation, COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019, SCAI, Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Percutaneous coronary intervention, COVID-19, STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, medicine.disease, United States, MI, myocardial infarction, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Observational study, ACC, American College of Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, ST-segment myocardial infarction
Abstract: Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted many aspects of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care, including timely access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Objectives The goal of the NACMI (North American COVID-19 and STEMI) registry is to describe demographic characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with STEMI. Methods A prospective, ongoing observational registry was created under the guidance of 3 cardiology societies. STEMI patients with confirmed COVID+ (group 1) or suspected (person under investigation [PUI]) (group 2) COVID-19 infection were included. A group of age- and sex-matched STEMI patients (matched to COVID+ patients in a 2:1 ratio) treated in the pre-COVID era (2015 to 2019) serves as the control group for comparison of treatment strategies and outcomes (group 3). The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital death, stroke, recurrent myocardial infarction, or repeat unplanned revascularization. Results As of December 6, 2020, 1,185 patients were included in the NACMI registry (230 COVID+ patients, 495 PUIs, and 460 control patients). COVID+ patients were more likely to have minority ethnicity (Hispanic 23%, Black 24%) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (46%) (all p, Central Illustration
Published: 2021

8. C-50 | Comparison of Catheter-Based and Surgical Interventions for Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A National Perspective

Author: Muhammad Adil Sheikh, Harsh P. Patel, Raj Patel, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Published: 2023

9. NATIONAL TRENDS OF MECHANICAL SUPPORT UTILIZATION DURING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS IN CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION

Author: Yasser Al-Khadra, Mohsin Salih, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Tony J. DeMartini, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2023

10. North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction (NACMI) Risk Score for Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality

Author: Payam Dehghani, Christian W. Schmidt, Santiago Garcia, Brynn Okeson, Cindy L. Grines, Avneet Singh, Rajan A.G. Patel, Jose Wiley, Wah Wah Htun, Keshav R. Nayak, M. Chadi Alraies, Nima Ghasemzadeh, Laura J. Davidson, Deepak Acharya, Jay Stone, Tareq Alyousef, Brian C. Case, Xuming Dai, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Mina Madan, Faoruc A. Jaffer, Jay S. Shavadia, Ross Garberich, Akshay Bagai, Jyotpal Singh, Herbert D. Aronow, Nestor Mercado, and Timothy D. Henry
Abstract: In-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is higher in those with COVID-19 than in those without COVID-19. The factors that predispose to this mortality rate and their relative contribution are poorly understood. This study developed a risk score inclusive of clinical variables to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 and STEMI.Baseline demographic, clinical, and procedural data from patients in the North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction registry were extracted. Univariable logistic regression was performed using candidate predictor variables, and multivariable logistic regression was performed using backward stepwise selection to identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Independent predictors were assigned a weighted integer, with the sum of the integers yielding the total risk score for each patient.In-hospital mortality occurred in 118 of 425 (28%) patients. Eight variables present at the time of STEMI diagnosis (respiratory rate of35 breaths/min, cardiogenic shock, oxygen saturation of93%, age of55 years, infiltrates on chest x-ray, kidney disease, diabetes, and dyspnea) were assigned a weighted integer. In-hospital mortality increased exponentially with increasing integer risk score (Cochran-Armitage χThe risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 and STEMI can be accurately predicted and discriminated using readily available clinical information.
Published: 2022

11. Late Atrial Thrombus Formation After Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure

Author: Manjari Regmi, Odalys Estefania Lara Garcia, Priyanka Parajuli, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, and Oswaldo A. Madrid
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, patent foramen ovale, PFO, patent foramen ovale, TTE, transthoracic echocardiogram, Case Report, 030105 genetics & heredity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Case, stomatognathic system, Internal medicine, occluder device, Medicine, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, cardiovascular diseases, Thrombus, TEE, transesophageal echocardiogram, business.industry, PE - Pulmonary embolism, Incidental Discovery, Atrial Thrombus, musculoskeletal system, medicine.disease, stroke, Both atria, CT, computed tomography, peripheral vascular disease, thrombus, RC666-701, PE, pulmonary embolism, Patent foramen ovale, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Complication, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract: Late thrombus formation is a rare complication associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure devices. We report the case of an incidental discovery of large thrombi in both atria 9 months after percutaneous PFO occlusion that required cardiac surgery for thrombi removal. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.), Graphical abstract, Late thrombus formation is a rare complication associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure devices. We report the case of an incidental…
Published: 2020

12. A case of bronchospasm-induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy during adenosine stress testing

Author: Cameron Koester, Christine Warner, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, and Randolph Martin
Subjects: Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi, Cardiac Catheterization, Chest Pain, medicine.medical_specialty, Adenosine, Epinephrine, Cardiology, Adenosine stress, MEDLINE, Cardiomyopathy, Bronchospasm, Diagnosis, Differential, Electrocardiography, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Oximetry, Aged, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Bronchial Spasm, business.industry, Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, medicine.disease, Exercise Test, Female, medicine.symptom, Respiratory Insufficiency, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2020

13. Multispecialty Enterprise Imaging Workgroup Consensus on Interactive Multimedia Reporting Current State and Road to the Future: HIMSS-SIIM Collaborative White Paper

Author: Shawn D. Clark, Alexander K. Goel, Monief Eid, Christopher J. Roth, James E. Tcheng, Elliot Lewis Silver, Damien M. Luviano, Veronica Rotemberg, Karen S. Thullner, Kelly Miller, David Kwan, Genevieve Jacobs, Ceferino Obcemea, Jean-Pierre Bissonnette, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Erik S. Storm, Cree M. Gaskin, Toby C. Cornish, David Vining, Alejandro Berlin, Les R. Folio, Seth A. Berkowitz, Morgan P. McBee, Anil V. Parwani, and David A. Clunie
Subjects: Diagnostic Imaging, Consensus, Alphanumeric, Computer science, education, DATA ELEMENTS, RECOMMENDATIONS, Article, Enterprise imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, World Wide Web, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, White paper, RADIOLOGY-REPORTS, QUALITY, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Workgroup, ANALYTICS, HIT standards, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Event (computing), business.industry, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Timeline, STANDARDIZATION, Hyperlink, Interoperability, CANCER, Computer Science Applications, Metadata, PATHOLOGY REPORT, Networking and Information Technology R&D, Radiology Information Systems, Multimedia, Reporting, REFERRING PHYSICIANS, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biomedical Imaging, POLICY STATEMENT, Radiology, business, Interactive media
Abstract: Diagnostic and evidential static image, video clip, and sound multimedia are captured during routine clinical care in cardiology, dermatology, ophthalmology, pathology, physiatry, radiation oncology, radiology, endoscopic procedural specialties, and other medical disciplines. Providers typically describe the multimedia findings in contemporaneous electronic health record clinical notes or associate a textual interpretative report. Visual communication aids commonly used to connect, synthesize, and supplement multimedia and descriptive text outside medicine remain technically challenging to integrate into patient care. Such beneficial interactive elements may include hyperlinks between text, multimedia elements, alphanumeric and geometric annotations, tables, graphs, timelines, diagrams, anatomic maps, and hyperlinks to external educational references that patients or provider consumers may find valuable. This HIMSS-SIIM Enterprise Imaging Community workgroup white paper outlines the current and desired clinical future state of interactive multimedia reporting (IMR). The workgroup adopted a consensus definition of IMR as “interactive medical documentation that combines clinical images, videos, sound, imaging metadata, and/or image annotations with text, typographic emphases, tables, graphs, event timelines, anatomic maps, hyperlinks, and/or educational resources to optimize communication between medical professionals, and between medical professionals and their patients.” This white paper also serves as a precursor for future efforts toward solving technical issues impeding routine interactive multimedia report creation and ingestion into electronic health records.
Published: 2021

14. Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock With Autoimmune Rheumatological Disorders

Author: Khalid Sawalha, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Tharani Sundararajan, Abdisamad M. Ibrahim, Youssef Chami, Mohsin Salih, Michelle M. Kittleson, Venkata Missula, Tony DeMartini, Cameron Koester, Mukul Bhattarai, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, and Yasser Al-Khadra
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Shock, Cardiogenic, Logistic regression, Autoimmune Diseases, Internal medicine, Rheumatic Diseases, medicine, Coagulopathy, Humans, Hospital Mortality, education, Retrospective Studies, Autoimmune disease, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Circulation disorders, Cardiogenic shock, Cancer, General Medicine, medicine.disease, United States, Heart failure, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: AIMS Data on cardiogenic shock (CS) in autoimmune diseases (AID) is limited. Our study aims to evaluate in-hospital outcomes of CS in hospitalized patients with underlying AID compared with patients without AID. METHODS The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database years 2011-17 was used to identify hospitalizations for CS. We retrospectively compared in-hospital outcomes of CS in patients with underlying AID versus non-AID. RESULTS Of 863,239 patients diagnosed with CS, 23,127 (2.7%) had underlying AID. The AID population was older with more women and African American patients (P < 0.001 for all). There was a significant increase in in-hospital mortality in patients with AID vs non-AID that persisted after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, insurance, socioeconomic status and hospital characteristics (38.3% vs 36.3%, aOR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09, P = 0.001). Patients with AID had a lower rate of respiratory complications (11.5% vs 13.1%), acute stroke (6.0% vs 6.8%), use of mechanical circulatory support (12.0% vs 14.5%) and discharge to an outside facility (29.1% vs 28.8%) (P ≤ 0.001 for all). Using multivariable logistic regression, we identified female gender, Native American ethnicity, heart failure, coagulopathy, pulmonary circulation disorders, metastatic cancer, and fluid and electrolytes disorders as independent predictors of mortality in patients with AID who were diagnosed with CS. CONCLUSION Patients with AID hospitalized with CS have increased mortality which may be related to their underlying disease process and lack of effective disease-directed therapy for CS related to AID.
Published: 2021

15. THIRD TIME'S A CHARM: TREATING PULMONARY EMBOLISM WITH MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY AFTER TWO FAILED ATTEMPTS WITH THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY

Author: Radhika Deshpande, Abhishek Kulkarni, Omar Siddiqui, Cameron Koester, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Mukul Bhattarai, and Mohsin Salih
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Mechanical thrombectomy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, Charm (quantum number), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, business, Surgery, Pulmonary embolism
Published: 2021

16. B-13 | Impella Cardiac Perforation Events - A Report from FDA MAUDE Database

Author: Muhammad Adil Sheikh, Raj Patel, Yasser Al-khadra, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Published: 2022

17. MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY FOR PULMONARY EMBOLISM WITHOUT BLOOD LOSS

Author: Zurain Niaz, Manjari R. Regmi, Luke Schiller, Daniel Holtz, Mohsin Salih, Prashanth Singanallur, Venkata Missula, Muhammad Adil Sheikh, Kevin Schrader, Raj Patel, Robert Kropp, Mohamad Sukkari, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, and Abhishek Kalidas Kulkarni
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2022

18. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Soufiane Boufous, Yousef Veisani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Edward J Mills, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, William James Dangel, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Catherine O. Johnson, Gregory A. Roth, Giuseppe Gorini, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Alberto Ortiz, Samad Azari, Assefa Ayalew Ayalew Ayalew Gebreslassie, Salime Goharinezhad, Stephanie R. M. Zimsen, Peng Zheng, Michael Assmus, Elisabetta Pupillo, Bach Xuan Tran, Lal B. Rawal, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Noushin Mohammadifard, Stephen S Lim, Ata Rafiee, Maria Inês Schmidt, Vincent C. Iannucci, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Leah E. Cahill, Tauseef Ahmad, Platon D. Lopukhov, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Abdullah Al Mamun, Iqbal R. F. Elyazar, Giovanni Damiani, Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Alyssa Pennini, Dietrich Plass, Atkilt Esaiyas Etisso, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Alexandrea Watson, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Paul S Briant, Frank B. Osei, Blair R. Bumgarner, Maciej Banach, Ravensara S. Travillian, Kai-Lan Chang, Shirin Djalalinia, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Silvano Gallus, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Bernhard T. Baune, Aaron van Donkelaar, Azeem Majeed, Hans Kromhout, Robert Ancuceanu, Blessing J. Akombi, Pushpendra Singh, Nayu Ikeda, William M. Gardner, Zahid A Butt, Mohammad Abdollahi, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Rahman Shiri, Benn Sartorius, Ai-Min Wu, Bing Fang Hwang, Flavia M. Cicuttini, Hiroyasu Iso, Luis Camera, Amin Soheili, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine, Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Iman Halvaei, Saqib Ali, Giulio Castelpietra, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Parkes J Kendrick, Hamidreza Haririan, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Jeff T. Zhao, Samiah Alam, Sorin Hostiuc, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Cyrus Alinia, Takahiro Tabuchi, Manu Raj Mathur, Søren Thorgaard Skou, Thomas Khaled Dwayne Classen, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Massimo Cirillo, Nikita Otstavnov, Mehdi Bohluli, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Animut Tagele Tamiru, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Itamar S. Santos, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Lars Johansson, Arielle Wilder Eagan, Nevine El Nahas, Silvia Schiavolin, Kevin D. Shield, Dinh-Toi Chu, Shiva Borzouei, Paul S. F. Yip, Beatrix Haddock, Gianfranco Alicandro, Vasily Vlassov, Deanna Anderlini, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Farahnaz Joukar, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Ratilal Lalloo, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Rohollah Kalhor, Daniel Youngwhan Cho, Weijia Fu, João Pedro Silva, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Mehdi Ahmadi, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, José Neves, Gaorui Guo, Tomas Y. Yeheyis, John S. Ji, Charles D. H. Parry, Maryam Ghadimi, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Serge Resnikoff, Anna E. Torre, Vinod C Nayak, Jamileh Shadid, Susanne Breitner, Mohammad Khammarnia, Mathilde Touvier, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Hosna Janjani, Floriane Ausloos, Irmina Maria Michalek, Alexandra S. Boon-Dooley, Jessica A. Cruz, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Abiodun M. Adeoye, André Faro, Bartosz Miazgowski, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Erin C Mullany, Giannina Ferrara, Martin McKee, Emmanuel Peprah, Oommen John, Reza Saeedi, Yasser Vasseghian, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Yingxi Zhao, Omid Shafaat, Ali Rajabpour-Sanati, Farid Najafi, Ana Maria Mantilla Herrera, Fatemeh Rajati, Tarun Gupta, Łukasz Szumowski, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Zhi Jiang Zhang, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Tanvir M. Huda, Perminder S. Sachdev, Farhad Ghamari, Era Upadhyay, Vivek Kumar, Guoqing Hu, Vinay Nangia, Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov, Saeed Shahabi, Golnaz Heidari, Ashraf Nabhan, Robert C. Reiner, Aziz Rezapour, Justin J. Lang, Rakhi Dandona, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Anna-Karin Danielsson, André Karch, Filippo Ariani, Ahmed Abdelalim, Masih Tajdini, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Mohamed Hsairi, Jae Il Shin, Jasvinder A. Singh, Meghan D. Mooney, Fiona B. Bennitt, Hesam Alizade, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Pradhum Ram, Soraya Siabani, Evanson Z. Sambala, Reza Malekzadeh, Falk Schwendicke, Lalit Dandona, Masoud Moradi, Molly R Nixon, Roya Mirzaei, Rachel Feldman, Hosni Salem, Alberto L. García-Basteiro, Lorainne Tudor Car, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Ramesh Holla, Ritesh G. Menezes, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Hai Quang Pham, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Luisa Sorio Flor, Priya Rathi, Ali Bijani, Harvey Whiteford, Shanshan Li, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Joshua A. Salomon, Franz Castro, Lisa M. Force, Abdilahi Yousuf Yousuf, Mina Anjomshoa, Ken Takahashi, Maigeng Zhou, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Maseer Khan, Irina Filip, Santi Martini, Randah R. Hamadeh, Somayeh Bohlouli, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Tim Driscoll, Jingkai Wei, Hermann Brenner, Reza Rawassizadeh, Radoslaw Sierpinski, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Emmanuel Wandera Okunga, Marisa Freitas, Srikanta Banerjee, Feleke Mekonnen Demeke, Shahin Soltani, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Reed J D Sorensen, Elena V. Gnedovskaya, Johan Ärnlöv, Ivo Rakovac, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Hussain Jafari, Atte Meretoja, Yasir Waheed, Fahad Alanezi, Arya Haj-Mirzaian, Sezer Kisa, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Khalid F. Alhabib, Basema Saddik, Michael R. Phillips, Vishnu Renjith, Yafeng Wang, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Liliana G Ciobanu, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Gelin Xu, Richard C. Franklin, Junjie Wu, Thomas R. Hird, Mohammad Zamani, Diana Silva, Fotis Topouzis, Irena Ilic, Jeffrey D. Stanaway, Hadi Pourjafar, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Khaled Khatab, Ammas Siraj Mohammed, Ziyad Al-Aly, A. A. Fomenkov, Charlie Ashbaugh, Mowafa Househ, Paul I. Dargan, Endalkachew Worku Mengesha, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Iffat Elbarazi, Dara K. Mohammad, Naznin Hossain, Reza Shirkoohi, João M. Furtado, Arash Ziapour, Morteza Jafarinia, M. Mofizul Islam, Anamika Pandey, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Tanuj Kanchan, Lee Ling Lim, Muktar Omer Omer, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Ulrich O Mueller, Helen Bitew, V. Prakash, Fereshteh Mehri, Randall V. Martin, Claudiu Herteliu, Constance D. Pond, Min Jeong Shin, Morteza Oladnabi, Antonio Maria Borzì, Yousef Mohammad, Yuichiro Yano, Luke D. Knibbs, Kevin S Ikuta, Maryam Mirzaei, Andreea Mirica, Sofia Boston Redford, Siamak Sabour, Mariya Vladimirovna Titova, Davood Anvari, Ghobad Moradi, Jordi Alonso, Shiwei Liu, Theo Vos, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Owen R. Cooper, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Kejia Hu, Hannah J. Henrikson, Sanni Yaya, Robert P. Dellavalle, Chidozie Declan Iwu, Sergey Soshnikov, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Satinath Mukhopadhyay, Zabihollah Yousefi, Iman El Sayed, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Neeti Kapoor, Ahmad Daryani, Cathleen Keller, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Nuno Taveira, Masoud Foroutan, Fatemeh Amiri, Mariam Molokhia, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Amy E. Peden, Rufus Akinyemi, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, J. Becker, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, Ben Lacey, Kidanemaryam Berhe, Simon Yadgir, Spencer L. James, Cory N. Spencer, Aletta E. Schutte, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Rixing Xu, Jonathan F. Mosser, Josep Maria Haro, Enrico Rubagotti, Anurag Agrawal, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Hoa Thi Do, Ettore Beghi, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Abraham Geremew, Alireza Esteghamati, Paramjit Gill, Farzad Jalilian, J. Jason West, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Albertino Damasceno, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Nazir Fattahi, Daniel Cury Ribeiro, Michael Brauer, Mark A. Stokes, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Lidia Morawska, Fiona J Charlson, Babak Moazen, Dejana Braithwaite, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Sergio I. Prada, Andrea Farioli, Zahra Atafar, Heather Orpana, Daniela Balzi, Marco Vacante, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Jacek A. Kopec, Iván Landires, Robert G. Weintraub, Leonardo Roever, Yannick Béjot, Markus P. Schlaich, Hamed Zandian, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Klara Dokova, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Rakesh Ghosh, Omar Mukhtar Salman, Faris Lami, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Hamid Reza Tohidinik, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Adnan Kisa, Ghasem Azarian, Caroline Stein, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Sinead Langan, Kunihiro Matsushita, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Mehdi Naderi, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Bahram Armoon, Dan J. Stein, Jessica Fanzo, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Luca Ronfani, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Adrian Oţoiu, Arash Sarveazad, Marc L. Serre, Mostafa Hosseini, Nicolas Cherbuin, George D. Thurston, Jalal Arabloo, Mokhtar Mahdavi, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Ana Laura Manda, Ahmed Abualhasan, Nima Rezaei, Yuan-Pang Wang, Theodore Patrick Younker, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Borhan Mansouri, Adam E. Berman, Khezar Hayat, Rosario Cárdenas, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Tommi Vasankari, Simon I. Hay, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar, Leo Stockfelt, Ai Koyanagi, Giorgia Giussani, Yuming Guo, Sonia Saxena, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Mehedi Hasan, Negar Rezaei, Maja Pasovic, Jukka Takala, Bogdan Oancea, Sare Safi, A. Werdecker, Florian Fischer, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Takeshi Fukumoto, Maha Atout, Brijesh Sathian, Cristina Bosetti, Mitchell T. Wallin, Agegnehu Bante, Helen Ippolito, Anthony Masaka, Chantal Huynh, Justin Lo, Jordan Weiss, Joemer C. Maravilla, Alberto Raggi, Peter W. Gething, Cristiana Abbafati, Daniela Ribeiro, Mohammad Farahmand, Yetunde O. John-Akinola, Isabela M. Benseñor, Emilie R Maddison, John J. McGrath, Salman Khazaei, Scott B. Patten, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Emmanuela Gakidou, Celine M. Barthelemy, Ashish Badiye, George C. Patton, Obinna Onwujekwe, Peter Allebeck, Victor Aboyans, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Mousa Yaminfirooz, Neeraj Bedi, Nicholas L S Roberts, Joht Singh Chandan, Hans W. Hoek, Usman Iqbal, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Haley Lescinsky, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Anders Larsson, David C. Schwebel, Milena Ilic, Richard T. Burnett, Yang Liu, Carlo La Vecchia, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Morteza Naserbakht, Sangram Kishor Patel, Melanie S. Hammer, Prasanna Mithra, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Kanyin L. Ong, Mona Pathak, Afshin Maleki, Saeid Safiri, Masood Ali Shaikh, Kate Causey, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Ali S. Shalash, Abdiwahab Hashi, Ionut Negoi, Nataliya A. Foigt, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, François Alla, Giuseppe Grosso, Houman Goudarzi, Di H. Cross, Vera Marisa Costa, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez, Bo Norrving, Kerem Shuval, Jacob L. Stubbs, Muhammad Ali, Shuhei Nomura, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Navid Rabiee, Dana Bryazka, Hussen Mohammed, Asadollah Gholamian, Ashley Marks, Rizwan Kalani, Molly E. Herbert, Islam Y. Elgendy, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Chuanhua Yu, Suzanne Polinder, Pascual R. Valdez, Jennifer Rickard, Kylie Ball, Turki Alanzi, Mohsen Bayati, Hamed Mirzaei, Christopher M Odell, Amira Shaheen, Ziad A. Memish, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Michael A. Piradov, Hamed Kalani, Lorenzo Monasta, Christopher S Yilgwan, Desalegn Getnet Demsie, Riaz Uddin, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Vinay Srinivasan, Hamid Ahmadieh, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Raffaele Palladino, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Mika Shigematsu, Stein Emil Vollset, Abbas Sheikhtaheri, Paulo A. Lotufo, Nasir Salam, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Tomislav Mestrovic, Samer Hamidi, Rajesh Sagar, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Kara Estep, Ester Cerin, Michael T. Chung, Simon Øverland, Amir Taherkhani, Sheng Chia Chung, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Nikolaos Dervenis, Joan B. Soriano, Tahereh Javaheri, Victor Adekanmbi, Seid Tiku Mereta, Gbenga A. Kayode, Christopher R. Cederroth, Razique Anwer, Rajan Nikbakhsh, Kaja Abbas, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Louisa Degenhardt, Tahiya Alam, Mohammad Miri, Alibek Mereke, David Laith Rawaf, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Davide Sattin, Moslem Soofi, Edris Hasanpoor, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Mika Kivimäki, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Joanna L Whisnant, Christopher J L Murray, Simin Mouodi, Alize J. Ferrari, Damian Santomauro, Katrin Burkart, Tudorel Andrei, Alberto Baldasseroni, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Valery L. Feigin, Nauman Khalid, Ewerton Cousin, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Themba G.G. Ginindza, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Sanjay Basu, Getinet Ayano, Paula Moraga, Soheil Hassanipour, Jason A. Anderson, Catherine Bisignano, Iyad Sultan, Deepak Kumar Pasupula, Keivan Ahmadi, Fariba Dorostkar, Rajeev Gupta, David M. Pereira, Mustafa Z. Younis, Adel Spotin, Rasmus Havmoeller, Yeshambel T. Nigatu, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Mithila Faruque, Alan D. Lopez, Shailesh Advani, Behshad Naghshtabrizi, Shane D. Morrison, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Konrad Pesudovs, Anna Gershberg Hayoon, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Reshmi Bhageerathy, H. Dean Hosgood, Giulia Carreras, Sarika Chaturvedi, James L. Fisher, In-Hwan Oh, G Anil Kumar, Christoph Nowak, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Puja C Rao, Marcel Ausloos, Ali Kabir, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Minh Nguyen, Ashkan Afshin, Payman Salamati, Colin Angus, Mona M. Khater, Ehsan Sadeghi, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Antonio Biondi, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Andrew T Olagunju, Amir Radfar, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Marcello Tonelli, Hesam Ghiasvand, Hanne Christensen, Juan Jesus Carrero, Maryam Adabi, Saravanan Muthupandian, Kurt Straif, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Lope H Barrero, Harish Chander Gugnani, Mohammad Fareed, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Juan A Rivera, Shai Linn, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Janni Leung, Shokofeh Maleki, Mohd Anisul Karim, Kamarul Imran Musa, Farshad Pourmalek, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Kiomars Sharafi, Alessandra C. Goulart, Leila Doshmangir, Gabriele Nagel, Helena Manguerra, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Nermin Ghith, Maha El Tantawi, Awoke Misganaw, Yunquan Zhang, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Vahid Rashedi, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Holly E. Erskine, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Marissa B Reitsma, Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema, Javad Javidnia, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Alaa Badawi, James Leigh, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Kyle E. Simpson, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Roghiyeh Faridnia, Vivekanand Jha, Tomasz Miazgowski, Aaron J Cohen, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Alessandra Lugo, Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Caitlyn Steiner, Gholamreza Roshandel, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Laura Kemmer, Ihoghosa Osamuyi Iyamu, Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi, Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh, Kris J. Krohn, Phoebe Anne Rhinehart, Sarah Wozniak, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Kate E. LeGrand, Christian Kieling, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Robin Room, Zelalem Nigussie Azene, Kelly Cercy, Paul H. Lee, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Dinesh Bhandari, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Aziz Sheikh, Michellr L. Bell, Marwa Rashad Salem, Kirsten E. Wiens, Emma U.R. Smith, Hassan Abolhassani, Cristiano Piccinelli, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, G.K. Mini, Christian Razo, Manuela L. Ferreira, Diego De Leo, Francesco Saverio Violante, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Zahra Sadat Dibaji Forooshani, Tea Lallukka, Dickson A. Amugsi, Anna Poznańska, Graeme J. Hankey, Kewal Krishan, Maryam Zamanian, Eirini Skiadaresi, Jai K Das, Felix Greaves, Tessa M. Pilz, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Mansour Ghafourifard, M. DeLang, Morteza Mahmoudi, Alton Lu, Brian J. Hall, Ravi Prakash Jha, David Edvardsson, Xiu Ju George Zhao, Farshad Farzadfar, Hadi Hassankhani, Samuel M. Ostroff, Gerhard Sulo, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Neeraj Bhala, Stefan Lorkowski, Mohammad Rabiee, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Rashid Abdi Guled, Abdallah M. Samy, Roman Topor-Madry, Michal Grivna, Afsaneh Arzani, Ayesha Humayun, Simin Liu, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Davoud Adham, Ahad Bakhtiari, Shafiu Mohammed, Paolo Lauriola, Abbas Mosapour, Sophia Emmons-Bell, Khurshid Alam, Rajat Das Gupta, Matilde Leonardi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Mohamed M. Gad, Kelly Compton, Leila R Kalankesh, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Mikk Jürisson, Catherine M. Antony, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Daniel Diaz, Salman Rawaf, Gina Agarwal, Ted R. Miller, Rebecca Ivers, João Vasco Santos, Savita Lasrado, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Praveen Hoogar, Fares Alahdab, Om P Kurmi, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Tomi Akinyemiju, Boris Bikbov, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Yahya Safari, Guilherme Borges, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Kenji Shibuya, Bahman Yousefi, Berrin Serdar, Karen M. Tabb, Sonali Kochhar, Till Bärnighausen, Kala M. Mehta, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Arash Etemadi, Melissa Y. Wei, Kiana Ramezanzadeh, Lingkan Barua, Zubair Kabir, Rade Vukovic, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Shoshana H. Ballew, Miriam Levi, Zainab Samad, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Juan Sanabria, Ramu Rawat, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Gabrielle B. Britton, Colm McAlinden, Mohsen Naghavi, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Jalil Jaafari, Walter Mendoza, Mahesh P A, Pallab K. Maulik, Ali H. Mokdad, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Parvaiz A Koul, Foad Abd-Allah, Mihaela Hostiuc, Richard G. Cowden, Ronny Westerman, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Tampere University, Tays Research Services, Health Sciences, Murray, C. J. L., Aravkin, A. Y., Zheng, P., Abbafati, C., Abbas, K. M., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., Abdollahi, M., Abdollahpour, I., Abegaz, K. H., Abolhassani, H., Aboyans, V., Abreu, L. G., Abrigo, M. R. M., Abualhasan, A., Abu-Raddad, L. J., Abushouk, A. I., Adabi, M., Adekanmbi, V., Adeoye, A. M., Adetokunboh, O. O., Adham, D., Advani, S. 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W., Ausloos, F., Ausloos, M., Ayala Quintanilla, B. P., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M. A., Azari, S., Azarian, G., Azene, Z. N., Badawi, A., Badiye, A. D., Bahrami, M. A., Bakhshaei, M. H., Bakhtiari, A., Bakkannavar, S. M., Baldasseroni, A., Ball, K., Ballew, S. H., Balzi, D., Banach, M., Banerjee, S. K., Bante, A. B., Baraki, A. G., Barker-Collo, S. L., Barnighausen, T. W., Barrero, L. H., Barthelemy, C. M., Barua, L., Basu, S., Baune, B. T., Bayati, M., Becker, J. S., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Bejot, Y., Bell, M. L., Bennitt, F. B., Bensenor, I. M., Berhe, K., Berman, A. E., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhageerathy, R., Bhala, N., Bhandari, D., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhutta, Z. A., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Bin Sayeed, M. S., Biondi, A., Birihane, B. M., Bisignano, C., Biswas, R. K., Bitew, H., Bohlouli, S., Bohluli, M., Boon-Dooley, A. S., Borges, G., Borzi, A. M., Borzouei, S., Bosetti, C., Boufous, S., Braithwaite, D., Breitborde, N. J. K., Breitner, S., Brenner, H., Briant, P. S., Briko, A. N., Briko, N. 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G, Bryazka, D, Bumgarner, B, Burkart, K, Burnett, R, Burugina Nagaraja, S, Butt, Z, Caetano Dos Santos, F, Cahill, L, Camera, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Castro, F, Causey, K, Cederroth, C, Cercy, K, Cerin, E, Chandan, J, Chang, K, Charlson, F, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, S, Cherbuin, N, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, D, Choi, J, Christensen, H, Chu, D, Chung, M, Chung, S, Cicuttini, F, Ciobanu, L, Cirillo, M, Classen, T, Cohen, A, Compton, K, Cooper, O, Costa, V, Cousin, E, Cowden, R, Cross, D, Cruz, J, Dahlawi, S, Damasceno, A, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dangel, W, Danielsson, A, Dargan, P, Darwesh, A, Daryani, A, Das, J, Das Gupta, R, das Neves, J, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davitoiu, D, De Leo, D, Degenhardt, L, Delang, M, Dellavalle, R, Demeke, F, Demoz, G, Demsie, D, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dervenis, N, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Dibaji Forooshani, Z, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Dokova, K, Dorostkar, F, Doshmangir, L, Driscoll, T, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Eagan, A, Edvardsson, D, El Nahas, N, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Elbarazi, I, Elgendy, I, El-Jaafary, S, Elyazar, I, Emmons-Bell, S, Erskine, H, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esteghamati, A, Estep, K, Etemadi, A, Etisso, A, Fanzo, J, Farahmand, M, Fareed, M, Faridnia, R, Farioli, A, Faro, A, Faruque, M, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Fazlzadeh, M, Feigin, V, Feldman, R, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, G, Ferrari, A, Ferreira, M, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Flor, L, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Force, L, Foroutan, M, Franklin, R, Freitas, M, Fu, W, Fukumoto, T, Furtado, J, Gad, M, Gakidou, E, Gallus, S, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Gardner, W, Geberemariyam, B, Ayalew Gebreslassie, A, Geremew, A, Gershberg Hayoon, A, Gething, P, Ghadimi, M, Ghadiri, K, Ghaffarifar, F, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Ghiasvand, H, Ghith, N, Gholamian, A, Ghosh, R, Gill, P, Ginindza, T, Giussani, G, Gnedovskaya, E, Goharinezhad, S, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Goulart, A, Greaves, F, Grivna, M, Grosso, G, Gubari, M, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, R, Guled, R, Guo, G, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Haddock, B, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hafiz, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hall, B, Halvaei, I, Hamadeh, R, Hamidi, S, Hammer, M, Hankey, G, Haririan, H, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hasanpoor, E, Hashi, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Henrikson, H, Herbert, M, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Hird, T, Hoek, H, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Hosgood, H, Hossain, N, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Hu, K, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Huynh, C, Hwang, B, Iannucci, V, Ibitoye, S, Ikeda, N, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inbaraj, L, Ippolito, H, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Irvine, C, Islam, M, Islam, S, Iso, H, Ivers, R, Iwu, C, Iyamu, I, Jaafari, J, Jacobsen, K, Jafari, H, Jafarinia, M, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, Jalilian, F, James, S, Janjani, H, Javaheri, T, Javidnia, J, Jeemon, P, Jenabi, E, Jha, R, Jha, V, Ji, J, Johansson, L, John, O, John-Akinola, Y, Johnson, C, Jonas, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalani, H, Kalani, R, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Matin, B, Karch, A, Karim, M, Kassa, G, Katikireddi, S, Kayode, G, Kazemi Karyani, A, Keiyoro, P, Keller, C, Kemmer, L, Kendrick, P, Khalid, N, Khammarnia, M, Khan, E, Khan, M, Khatab, K, Khater, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khazaei, S, Kieling, C, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kivimaki, M, Knibbs, L, Knudsen, A, Kocarnik, J, Kochhar, S, Kopec, J, Korshunov, V, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Kraemer, M, Krishan, K, Krohn, K, Kromhout, H, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kumar, V, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lami, F, Landires, I, Lang, J, Langan, S, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Lazarus, J, Lee, P, Lee, S, Legrand, K, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Lescinsky, H, Leung, J, Levi, M, Li, S, Lim, L, Linn, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lo, J, Lopez, A, Lopez, J, Lopukhov, P, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lu, A, Lugo, A, Maddison, E, Mahasha, P, Mahdavi, M, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Maleki, A, Maleki, S, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Manda, A, Manguerra, H, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantilla Herrera, A, Maravilla, J, Marks, A, Martin, R, Martini, S, Martins-Melo, F, Masaka, A, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Matsushita, K, Maulik, P, Mcalinden, C, Mcgrath, J, Mckee, M, Mehndiratta, M, Mehri, F, Mehta, K, Memish, Z, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Mereke, A, Mereta, S, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mills, E, Mini, G, Miri, M, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Mirzaei, R, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M, Misganaw, A, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Mohammad, D, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, H, Mohammed, J, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Mooney, M, Moradi, G, Moradi, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morgado-Da-Costa, J, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mosser, J, Mouodi, S, Mousavi, S, Khaneghah, A, Mueller, U, Mukhopadhyay, S, Mullany, E, Musa, K, Muthupandian, S, Nabhan, A, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Nagel, G, Naghavi, M, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, M, Najafi, F, Nangia, V, Nansseu, J, Naserbakht, M, Nayak, V, Negoi, I, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, M, Nigatu, Y, Nikbakhsh, R, Nixon, M, Nnaji, C, Nomura, S, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Odell, C, Ogbo, F, Oh, I, Okunga, E, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, B, Olusanya, J, Omer, M, Ong, K, Onwujekwe, O, Orpana, H, Ortiz, A, Osarenotor, O, Osei, F, Ostroff, S, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Overland, S, Owolabi, M, Mahesh, P, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Parry, C, Pasovic, M, Pasupula, D, Patel, S, Pathak, M, Patten, S, Patton, G, Toroudi, H, Peden, A, Pennini, A, Pepito, V, Peprah, E, Pereira, D, Pesudovs, K, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Piccinelli, C, Pilz, T, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Plass, D, Polinder, S, Polkinghorne, K, Pond, C, Postma, M, Pourjafar, H, Pourmalek, F, Poznanska, A, Prada, S, Prakash, V, Pribadi, D, Pupillo, E, Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raggi, A, Rahman, M, Rajabpour-Sanati, A, Rajati, F, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, C, Rao, P, Rao, S, Rashedi, V, Rathi, P, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Rawat, R, Razo, C, Redford, S, Reiner, R, Reitsma, M, Remuzzi, G, Renjith, V, Renzaho, A, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Rhinehart, P, Riahi, S, Ribeiro, D, Rickard, J, Rivera, J, Roberts, N, Rodriguez-Ramirez, S, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Room, R, Roshandel, G, Roth, G, Rothenbacher, D, Rubagotti, E, Rwegerera, G, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghi, M, Saeedi, R, Saeedi Moghaddam, S, Safari, Y, Safi, S, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sajadi, S, Salam, N, Salamati, P, Salem, H, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Salman, O, Salomon, J, Samad, Z, Samadi Kafil, H, Sambala, E, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanchez-Pimienta, T, Santomauro, D, Santos, I, Santos, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, S, Schaeffer, L, Schiavolin, S, Schlaich, M, Schmidt, M, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Senbeta, A, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Serdar, B, Serre, M, Shadid, J, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shalash, A, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Sheikhtaheri, A, Shibuya, K, Shield, K, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shin, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sierpinski, R, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, J, Simpson, K, Singh, J, Singh, P, Skiadaresi, E, Skou, S, Skryabin, V, Smith, E, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Soofi, M, Sorensen, R, Soriano, J, Sorrie, M, Soshnikov, S, Soyiri, I, Spencer, C, Spotin, A, Sreeramareddy, C, Srinivasan, V, Stanaway, J, Stein, C, Stein, D, Steiner, C, Stockfelt, L, Stokes, M, Straif, K, Stubbs, J, Sufiyan, M, Suleria, H, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R, Sulo, G, Sultan, I, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabb, K, Tabuchi, T, Taherkhani, A, Tajdini, M, Takahashi, K, Takala, J, Tamiru, A, Taveira, N, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M, Tesema, G, Tessema, Z, Thurston, G, Titova, M, Tohidinik, H, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Topouzis, F, Torre, A, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Tsatsakis, A, Tudor Car, L, Tyrovolas, S, Uddin, R, Umeokonkwo, C, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Valdez, P, van Donkelaar, A, Vasankari, T, Vasseghian, Y, Veisani, Y, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vos, T, Vukovic, R, Waheed, Y, Wallin, M, Wang, Y, Watson, A, Wei, J, Wei, M, Weintraub, R, Weiss, J, Werdecker, A, West, J, Westerman, R, Whisnant, J, Whiteford, H, Wiens, K, Wolfe, C, Wozniak, S, Wu, A, Wu, J, Wulf Hanson, S, Xu, G, Xu, R, Yadgir, S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaminfirooz, M, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yeheyis, T, Yilgwan, C, Yilma, M, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Younker, T, Yousefi, B, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yousuf, A, Yu, C, Yusefzadeh, H, Moghadam, T, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, J, Zhao, X, Zhao, Y, Zheng, P, Zhou, M, Ziapour, A, Zimsen, S, Lim, S, Murray, C, GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborator, Violante FS, Biosciences, Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Environmental Sciences, Sub Foundations&PhilosophyofNaturSc begr, IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Public Health, Bin Sayeed, M. S. B., Caetano Dos Santos, F. L., Camera, L. A., Elyazar, I. R. F., Ayalew Gebreslassie, A. A. A., Ginindza, T. G., Matin, B. K., Morgado-Da-Costa, J., Khaneghah, A. M., Mahesh, P. A., Toroudi, H. P., Syed, Z. Q., Salem, M. R., Skou, S. T., Tovani-Palone, M. R., Tudor Car, L. T., and Moghadam, T. Z.
Subjects: Male, Nutritional Sciences, Specific risk, Contaminación del Aire Interior, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Socioeconomic Factor, systematic analysis, Global Health, Body Mass Index, Global Burden of Disease, Health Risk Behavior, Health Risk Behaviors, Disease studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, METABOLIC RISKS, 030212 general & internal medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Factores de Riesgo, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Public health, Injuries, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, GBD, risck factors, attributable burden of disease, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Relative risk, Environmental health, Health, Hypertension, Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, Female, Leading risk factors, Global Health Metrics, Cohort study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Substance-Related Disorders, Population, UNITED-STATES, Risk Assessment, DIET, ITC-HYBRID, 03 medical and health sciences, Life Expectancy, MORTALITY, DISABILITY, POLLUTION, CLUSTERS, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Global Burden of Disease Study, Risk factor, education, Global burden, business.industry, Risk Factor, Malnutrition, Klinisk medicin, Global Burden of Diseases, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, Enfermedades, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Years of potential life lost, Socioeconomic Factors, Risk factors, Disease study, Hyperglycemia, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, NA, Clinical Medicine, business, RA
Abstract: Background Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk-outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk-outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk-outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. Findings The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10.8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9.51-12.1) deaths (19.2% [16.9-21.3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8.71 million (8.12-9.31) deaths (15.4% [14.6-16.2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253-350) DALYs (11.6% [10.3-13.1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0-9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10-24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25-49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50-74 years and 75 years and older. Interpretation Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2020

19. Impact of chronic kidney disease on in-hospital outcomes and readmission rate after edge-to-edge transcatheter mitral valve repair

Author: Khalid Sawalha, Nitin Tandan, Deepak L. Bhatt, Michael G. Buhnerkempe, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Abdisamad M. Ibrahim, Mohsin Salih, Cameron Koester, and Mukul Bhattarai
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac Catheterization, Renal function, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, urologic and male genital diseases, Patient Readmission, End stage renal disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Aged, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Mitral regurgitation, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), MitraClip, Mitral Valve Insufficiency, General Medicine, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, Respiratory failure, Mitral Valve, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Background Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) is a treatment option for patients with 3+ or greater mitral regurgitation who cannot undergo mitral valve surgery. Outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) are unclear. We sought to evaluate the TMVR in-hospital outcomes, readmission rates and its impact on kidney function. Methods Data from 2016 National Readmission Database was used to obtain all patients who underwent TMVR. Patients were classified by their CKD status: no CKD, CKD, or ESRD. The primary outcomes were: in-hospital mortality, 30- and 90-day readmission rate, and change in CKD status on readmission. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess in-hospital, readmission outcomes and kidney function stage. Results A total of 4,645 patients were assessed (mean age 78.5 ± 10.3 years). In-hospital mortality was higher in patients with CKD (4.0%, odds ratio [OR]:2.01 [95% CI, confidence interval: 1.27-3.18]) and ESRD (6.6%, OR: 6.38 [95% CI: 1.49-27.36]) compared with non-CKD (2.4%). 30-day readmission rate was higher in ESRD versus non-CKD patients (17.8% vs. 10.4%, OR: 2.24 [95% CI: 1.30-3.87]) as was 90-day readmission (41.2% vs. 21% OR: 2.51 [95% CI:1.70-3.72]). Kidney function improved in 25% of patients with CKD stage 3 and in 50% with CKD stage 4-5 at 30-and 90-day readmission. Incidence of AKI, major bleeding, and respiratory failure were higher in CKD group. Conclusions Patients with CKD and ESRD have worse outcomes and higher readmission rate after TMVR. In patients who were readmitted after TMVR, renal function improved in some patients, suggesting that TMVR could potentially improve CKD stage.
Published: 2020

20. Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Mukul Bhattarai, Cameron Koester, Abdisamad M. Ibrahim, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Mohamed Ayan, and Mohsin Salih
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Revascularization, Culprit, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Myocardial Revascularization, Odds Ratio, ST segment, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, business.industry, Percutaneous coronary intervention, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Treatment Outcome, Conventional PCI, Cardiology, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Mace
Abstract: In patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the culprit vessel is the preferred treatment option. For patients with multivessel disease, the benefit of revascularization of the non-culprit artery is not well known. This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of complete versus culprit vessel only revascularization.Randomized control trials (RCT) that compared head-to-head complete versus culprit-vessel only revascularization in STEMI patients and reported main outcomes of interest such as mortality, myocardial infarction, and revascularization, were included in this meta-analysis.We found ten RCTs satisfying our inclusion criteria. Data was extracted and used to estimate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous variables. Our study included 7030 patients (3426 complete revascularization, and 3604 culprit-only revascularization). Complete revascularization (CR) (both immediate and staged) significantly reduced the risk of MACE compared with culprit only (CO) revascularization (10.7% vs 20.1%, RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.64; P 0.0001), reinfarction (5.0% vs 6.9%, RR 0.69; 95 CI 0.51 to 0.93; P 0.01), and revascularization (4.2% vs 12.7%, RR 0.37; 95 CI 0.26 to 0.54; P 0.0001). Our analysis did not find any significant difference in all-cause mortality between CR and CO (4.6% vs 5.0%, RR 0.89; 95 CI 0.72 to 0.1.10; P = 0.27).In conclusion, complete revascularization was associated with a significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events, revascularization and reinfarction.
Published: 2020

21. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Sorin Hostiuc, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Jorge R. Ledesma, Carsten Flohr, Masoumeh Sadeghi, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Cyrus Alinia, Mehdi Bohluli, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Bernhard T. Baune, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Dinh-Toi Chu, Beatrix Haddock, Gianfranco Alicandro, Vasily Vlassov, Mohammad Taghi Khodayari, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Michael K. Hole, Azeem Majeed, Iman Halvaei, Saqib Ali, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Tomas Y. Yeheyis, John S. Ji, Martin McKee, Jamileh Shadid, Leonardo Roever, Peng Jia, Ettore Beghi, Pablo M. Lavados, Young Eun Kim, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Ahmad Daryani, Cathleen Keller, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Nicole K. DeCleene, Ebrahim Babaee, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Boris Bikbov, William M. Gardner, Lydia M. Haile, Luca Ronfani, Azalea M. Thomson, Irena Ilic, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Yingxi Zhao, Guoqing Hu, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Nathaniel J. Henry, Brijesh Sathian, Daniel Kim, Peter Memiah, Mohammad Hadi Abbasi, Andrea Farioli, Zahra Kamiab, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Matthew C. Doxey, Tommi Vasankari, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Luisa Sorio Flor, Priya Rathi, Shanshan Li, Tanvir M. Huda, Dillon O Sylte, Rosario Cárdenas, Agegnehu Bante, Helen Ippolito, Alyssa Acebedo, Jeffrey D. Stanaway, Anwar Faraj, João Pedro Silva, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Pushpendra Kumar, Sangram Kishor Patel, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Holly E. Erskine, Eugene Sobngwi, Filippo Ariani, Shane D. Morrison, Mohammad Aghaali, Meghan D. Mooney, Vera Marisa Costa, Palash Chandra Banik, Rupak Desai, Ken Takahashi, Maigeng Zhou, Morteza Oladnabi, Bogdan Oancea, Daniela Ribeiro, Mohammad Farahmand, Irmina Maria Michalek, Yetunde O. John-Akinola, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Emilie R Maddison, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Damian G. Hoy, Hosni Salem, V. Prakash, Shuhei Nomura, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Anders Larsson, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Somayeh Bohlouli, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Siamak Sabour, Theo Vos, Han Yong Wunrow, Khaled Khatab, Alireza Zangeneh, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Marissa B Reitsma, Hannah J. Henrikson, Randah R. Hamadeh, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Giuseppe Grosso, Ziyad Al-Aly, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Joseph L Ward, Roba Khundkar, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Reza Malekzadeh, John J. McGrath, Sandra B. Munro, Shahin Soltani, Amy E. Peden, Rufus Akinyemi, Marcel Ausloos, Naohiro Yonemoto, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Guilherme Borges, Sadia Bibi, Farhad Islami, Hamed Mirzaei, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, M. Ashworth Dirac, Hosna Janjani, Kairat Davletov, Hermann Brenner, Yuichiro Yano, Elissa M. 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Bennitt, Maciej Banach, Antonio Biondi, Donal Bisanzio, Josip Car, Ronny Westerman, Shafiu Mohammed, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Kenji Shibuya, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Karen M. Tabb, Paula Moraga, Soheil Hassanipour, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Avina Vongpradith, Dara K. Mohammad, Ralph Maddison, Babak Moazen, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Rahman Shiri, Fernando Neves Hugo, Hmwe H Kyu, Zachary V Dingels, Florian Fischer, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Massimo Cirillo, Nikita Otstavnov, Robert C. Reiner, Van C. Lansingh, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez, Ashkan Afshin, Benjamin A Stark, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Natalie C. Galles, Behnam Heidari, Eun-Kee Park, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Suzanne Polinder, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh, Amir Radfar, Mowafa Househ, Derrick A Bennett, Gaorui Guo, Hesam Ghiasvand, Taweewat Wiangkham, Tamás Joó, Cristiana Abbafati, Kathryn Mei Ming Lau, Anita K. Nandi, Miklós Szócska, Manasi Kumar, Eduardo A. 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L., Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Environmental Sciences, Public Health, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Sálfræðideild (HR), Department of Psychology (RU), Samfélagssvið (HR), School of Social Sciences (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborator, Violante FS, Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, and UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL
Subjects: Male, Life expectancy, Disability-Adjusted Life Year, Diseases, Disease, communicable disease, systematic analysis, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Medicine, 10. No inequality, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, injuries, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Sjúkdómar, DEMENTIA, FALLS, General Medicine, Forvarnir, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Human, GBD, Population health, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Global Burden of Disease Study, education, Aged, Spatial Analysis, Global burden, Disability, Prevention, DISABILITY, Infant, Spatial Analysi, Mortality rate, Global Burden of Disease, Diseases, Injuries, Systematic analysis, PREVENTION, Years of potential life lost, Risk factors, Disease study, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, RISK-FACTORS, Clinical Medicine, RA, Demography, Fötlun, Dánartíðni, Áhættuþættir, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, 1. No poverty, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Middle Aged, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Female, Infant, Newborn, Young Adult, Lýðheilsa, CLINICAL-TRIALS, Population, Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica, diseases, ITC-HYBRID, Heilbrigðisvísindi, General & Internal Medicine, Mortality, Preschool, Disease burden, business.industry, Risk Factor, Klinisk medicin, Newborn, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Áverkar, Systematic analysis, NA, business
Abstract: Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990-2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0-9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10-24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10-24 years were also in the top ten in the 25-49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50-74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and development investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd., Research reported in this publication was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the University of Melbourne; Queensland Department of Health, Australia; the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia; Public Health England; the Norwegian Institute of Public Health; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; the Cardiovascular Medical Research and Education Fund; the National Institute on Ageing of the National Institutes of Health (award P30AG047845); and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health (award R01MH110163). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funders. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated, the National Health Service (NHS), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), the UK Department of Health and Social Care, or Public Health England; the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the US Government, or MEASURE Evaluation; or the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). This research used data from the Chile National Health Survey 2003, 2009-10, and 2016-17. The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Health, the survey copyright owner, for allowing them to have the database. All results of the study are those of the authors and in no way committed to the Ministry. The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study project is a longitudinal study by the University of Costa Rica's Centro Centroamericano de Poblacion and Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud, in collaboration with the University of California at Berkeley. The original pre-1945 cohort was funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant 072406), and the 1945-55 Retirement Cohort was funded by the US National Institute on Aging (grant R01AG031716). The principal investigators are Luis Rosero-Bixby and William H Dow and co-principal investigators are Xinia Fernandez and Gilbert Brenes. The accuracy of the authors' statistical analysis and the findings they report are not the responsibility of ECDC. ECDC is not responsible for conclusions or opinions drawn from the data provided. ECDC is not responsible for the correctness of the data and for data management, data merging and data collation after provision of the data. ECDC shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data. The Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study is an international study carried out in collaboration with WHO/EURO. The international coordinator of the 1997-98, 2001-02, 2005-06, and 2009-10 surveys was Candace Currie and the databank manager for the 1997-98 survey was Bente Wold, whereas for the following surveys Oddrun Samdal was the databank manager. A list of principal investigators in each country can be found on the HBSC website. Data used in this paper come from the 2009-10 Ghana Socioeconomic Panel Study Survey, which is a nationally representative survey of more than 5000 households in Ghana. The survey is a joint effort undertaken by the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER) at the University of Ghana and the Economic Growth Centre (EGC) at Yale University. It was funded by EGC. ISSER and the EGC are not responsible for the estimations reported by the analysts. The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics granted the researchers access to relevant data in accordance with license number SLN2014-3-170, after subjecting data to processing aiming to preserve the confidentiality of individual data in accordance with the General Statistics Law, 2000. The researchers are solely responsible for the conclusions and inferences drawn upon available data. Data for this research was provided by MEASURE Evaluation, funded by USAID. The authors thank the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, conducted by the National Research University Higher School of Economics and ZAO Demoscope together with Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Institute of Sociology, Russia Academy of Sciences for making data available. This paper uses data from the Bhutan 2014 STEPS survey, implemented by the Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; the Kuwait 2006 and 2014 STEPS surveys, implemented by the Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; the Libya 2009 STEPS survey, implemented by the Secretariat of Health and Environment with the support of WHO; the Malawi 2009 STEPS survey, implemented by Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; and the Moldova 2013 STEPS survey, implemented by the Ministry of Health, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the National Center of Public Health with the support of WHO. This paper uses data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Waves 1 (DOI:10.6103/SHARE. w1.700), 2 (10.6103/SHARE.w2.700), 3 (10.6103/SHARE.w3.700), 4 (10.6103/SHARE.w4.700), 5 (10.6103/SHARE.w5.700), 6 (10.6103/SHARE.w6.700), and 7 (10.6103/SHARE.w7.700); see Borsch-Supan and colleagues (2013) for methodological details. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N degrees 211909, SHARE-LEAP: GA N degrees 227822, SHARE M4: GA N degrees 261982) and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N degrees 676536, SERISS: GA N degrees 654221) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. This study has been realised using the data collected by the Swiss Household Panel, which is based at the Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences. The project is financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation. The United States Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study is a supplement to the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which is sponsored by the National Institute of Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740). It was conducted jointly by Duke University and the University of Michigan. The HRS is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740) and is conducted by the University of Michigan. This paper uses data from Add Health, a program project designed by J Richard Udry, Peter S Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris, and funded by a grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 17 other agencies. Special acknowledgment is due to Ronald R Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website. No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. The data reported here have been supplied by the United States Renal Data System. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the authors and in no way should be seen as an official policy or interpretation of the US Government. Collection of data for the Mozambique National Survey on the Causes of Death 2007-08 was made possible by USAID under the terms of cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-08-000_D3-00. This manuscript is based on data collected and shared by the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) from an original study IVI conducted. L G Abreu acknowledges support from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Brazil; finance code 001) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, a Brazilian funding agency). I N Ackerman was supported by a Victorian Health and Medical Research Fellowship awarded by the Victorian Government. O O Adetokunboh acknowledges the South African Department of Science and Innovation and the National Research Foundation. A Agrawal acknowledges the Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowship. S M Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. M Ausloos, C Herteliu, and A Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. A Badawi is supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada. D A Bennett was supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. R Bourne acknowledges the Brien Holden Vision Institute, University of Heidelberg, Sightsavers, Fred Hollows Foundation, and Thea Foundation. G B Britton and I Moreno Velasquez were supported by the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion, SNI-SENACYT, Panama. R Buchbinder was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Senior Principal Research Fellowship. J J Carrero was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2019-01059). F Carvalho acknowledges UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds. A R Chang was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant K23 DK106515. V M Costa acknowledges the grant SFRH/BHD/110001/2015, received by Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, IP, under the Norma Transitaria DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. A Douiri acknowledges support and funding from the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and the Royal College of Physicians, and support from the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. B B Duncan acknowledges grants from the Foundation for the Support of Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (IATS and PrInt) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. H E Erskine is the recipient of an Australian NHMRC Early Career Fellowship grant (APP1137969). A J Ferrari was supported by a NHMRC Early Career Fellowship grant (APP1121516). H E Erskine and A J Ferrari are employed by and A M Mantilla-Herrera and D F Santomauro affiliated with the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, which receives core funding from the Queensland Department of Health. M L Ferreira holds an NHMRC Research Fellowship. C Flohr was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. M Freitas acknowledges financial support from the EU (European Regional Development Fund [FEDER] funds through COMPETE POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029248) and National Funds (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) through project PTDC/NAN-MAT/29248/2017. A L S Guimaraes acknowledges support from CNPq. C Herteliu was partially supported by a grant co-funded by FEDER through Operational Competitiveness Program (project ID P_40_382). P Hoogar acknowledges Centre for Bio Cultural Studies, Directorate of Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education and Centre for Holistic Development and Research, Kalaghatagi. F N Hugo acknowledges the Visiting Professorship, PRINT Program, CAPES Foundation, Brazil. B-F Hwang was supported by China Medical University (CMU107-Z-04), Taichung, Taiwan. S M S Islam was funded by a National Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship and supported by Deakin University. R Q Ivers was supported by a research fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. M Jakovljevic acknowledges the Serbian part of this GBD-related contribution was co-funded through Grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. P Jeemon was supported by a Clinical and Public Health intermediate fellowship (grant number IA/CPHI/14/1/501497) from the Wellcome Trust-Department of Biotechnology, India Alliance (2015-20). O John is a recipient of UIPA scholarship from University of New South Wales, Sydney. S V Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13, MC_UU_12017/15), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13, SPHSU15). C Kieling is a CNPq researcher and a UK Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. Y J Kim was supported by Research Management Office, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/00010). K Krishan is supported by UGC Centre of Advanced Study awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. M Kumar was supported by K43 TW 010716 FIC/NIMH. B Lacey acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. J V Lazarus was supported by a Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Miguel Servet grant (Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII]/ESF, the EU [CP18/00074]). K J Looker thanks the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Evaluation of Interventions at the University of Bristol, in partnership with Public Health England, for research support. S Lorkowski was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (nutriCARD, grant agreement number 01EA1808A). R A Lyons is supported by Health Data Research UK (HDR-9006), which is funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, NIHR (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation, and Wellcome Trust. J J McGrath is supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship), and the Queensland Health Department (via West Moreton HHS). P T N Memiah acknowledges support from CODESRIA. U O Mueller gratefully acknowledges funding by the German National Cohort Study BMBF grant number 01ER1801D. S Nomura acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (18K10082). A Ortiz was supported by ISCIII PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN RD016/0009 Fondos FEDER, FRIAT, Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2-CM. These funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication. S B Patten was supported by the Cuthbertson & Fischer Chair in Pediatric Mental Health at the University of Calgary. G C Patton was supported by an aNHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship. M R Phillips was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, number 81371502 and 81761128031). A Raggi, D Sattin, and S Schiavolin were supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Linea 4-Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche). P Rathi and B Unnikrishnan acknowledge Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. A L P Ribeiro was supported by Brazilian National Research Council, CNPq, and the Minas Gerais State Research Agency, FAPEMIG. D C Ribeiro was supported by The Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship (#18/111) Health Research Council of New Zealand. D Ribeiro acknowledges financial support from the EU (FEDER funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029253). P S Sachdev acknowledges funding from the NHMRC of Australia Program Grant. A M Samy was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. M M Santric-Milicevic acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract number 175087). R Sarmiento-Suarez received institutional support from Applied and Environmental Sciences University (Bogota, Colombia) and ISCIII (Madrid, Spain). A E Schutte received support from the South African National Research Foundation SARChI Initiative (GUN 86895) and Medical Research Council. S T S Skou is currently funded by a grant from Region Zealand (Exercise First) and a grant from the European Research Council under the EU's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement number 801790). J B Soriano is funded by Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII. R Tabares-Seisdedos was supported in part by the national grant PI17/00719 from ISCIII-FEDER. N Taveira was partially supported by the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, the EU (LIFE project, reference RIA2016MC-1615). S Tyrovolas was supported by the Foundation for Education and European Culture, the Sara Borrell postdoctoral programme (reference number CD15/00019 from ISCIII-FEDER). S B Zaman received a scholarship from the Australian Government research training programme in support of his academic career., "Peer Reviewed"
Published: 2020

22. Acquired Coronary Fenestration

Author: Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, Mary, Perras, and Nikolaos, Kakouros
Subjects: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Coronary Vessel Anomalies, Humans, Female, Stents, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Angiography, Vascular Calcification, Coronary Vessels, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Aged
Abstract: OCT in a 74-year-old woman highlights how an angiographic coronary fenestration can be acquired through calcific nodule atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. We demonstrate how tandem anatomic and physiologic assessment can be used to diagnose, functionally evaluate, and effectively treat this rare finding.
Published: 2019

23. Pearls for a Successful Early Career in Structural Heart Disease Interventions

Author: Marie-France Poulin, Nikolaos Kakouros, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, business.industry, Family medicine, education, medicine, Psychological intervention, Early career, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease, health care economics and organizations, Graduation
Abstract: Early career (EC) cardiologists are defined as practicing physicians within 10 years of graduation from cardiology fellowship training.1 The recent growth of structural heart disease (SHD) interven...
Published: 2018

24. A Hybrid Model for Advanced Structural Heart Disease Training Programs

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz and Marie-France Poulin
Subjects: Medical education, Heart disease, business.industry, education, Graduate medical education, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, health services administration, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Hybrid model, Curriculum, health care economics and organizations, Accreditation
Abstract: Structural heart disease (SHD) fellowship programs in the United States are growing, but they are still not accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. This results in a lack of standardized curriculum and complicates funding for a dedicated fellowship, as Medicare and
Published: 2018

25. TCT-63 North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction (NACMI) Risk Score for Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality

Author: Rajan A.G. Patel, Keshav R. Nayak, Jay Stone, Ross Garberich, Timothy D. Henry, Mina Madan, Farouc A. Jaffer, Christian Schmidt, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Payam Dehghani, Santiago Garcia, M. Chadi Alraies, Cristina Sanina, Deepak Acharya, Nima Ghasemzadeh, Jay Shavadia, Laura Davidson, Cindy L. Grines, Wah Wah Htun, Tareq Alyousef, Brian Case, and Xuming Dai
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Framingham Risk Score, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), In hospital mortality, business.industry, Emergency medicine, medicine, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease, Article
Published: 2021

26. Clinical or Symptomatic Leaflet Thrombosis Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights from the U.S. FDA MAUDE Database

Author: Ali Andalib, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Deepak L. Bhatt, Ronnie Ramadan, Michael J. Reardon, Neal S. Kleiman, Jeffrey J. Popma, Colin T. Phillips, Ankur Kalra, and Marie-France Poulin
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Autopsy, Regurgitation (circulation), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, computer.software_genre, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Valve replacement, Internal medicine, Medicine, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, Stroke, Leaflet (botany), Database, business.industry, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Surgery, Stenosis, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, computer
Abstract: Background: Data on clinical or symptomatic leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are limited. Whether clinical leaflet thrombosis has significance beyond peri-TAVR stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIA) is yet to be elucidated.Methods: Between January 2012 and October 2015, we searched the MAUDE database for all entries with the identifier code, “NPT,” designated by the U.S. FDA to identify TAVR-related adverse events (AEs). Selected entries were searched further for the terms “leaflet,” “central aortic regurgitation,” and “aortic stenosis” to capture all events related to leaflet thrombosis causing structural valve dysfunction (SVD). Presentation of leaflet thrombosis (aortic stenosis or regurgitation or mixed valve lesion), mode of diagnosis (echocardiography, computed tomography, surgical explantation, or autopsy), and timing of presentation after TAVR were recorded. For all AEs of SVD due to leaflet thrombosis, the following outcomes were recorded: stroke ...
Published: 2017

27. Orbital Atherectomy for Calcific Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Safety and Feasibility Study

Author: Ibrahim, Kassas, Ahmed, Nagy, Alvaro, Alonso, Mohammed Waseem, Akhter, Craig S, Smith, Mohamed, Ahmed, Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, Jennifer, Walker, and Nikolaos, Kakouros
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Atherectomy, Coronary, Male, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Vessels, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Echocardiography, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Female, Vascular Calcification, Follow-Up Studies, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Percutaneous revascularization followed by transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been increasingly utilized as an alternative to surgery in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and coronary artery disease (CAD). In many of these patients, the coronary arteries are severely calcified and may best be treated with atherectomy; however, atherectomy is not routinely performed in severe AS patients due to safety concerns. There is a paucity of data on the safety of orbital atherectomy (OA) in patients with severe AS and concurrent calcific CAD.We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of all patients with severe AS who underwent OA-facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at our center between September 1, 2015 and November 1, 2018.Twenty-four patients (mean age, 82.5 ± 7.6 years) were identified. Mean aortic valve area was 0.68 ± 0.26 cm and mean aortic valve gradient was 43 ± 17.7 mm Hg. All PCIs were successful (mean diameter stenosis, 80.8 ± 11%; mean number of passes, 5.3 ± 3.3). Two patients had planned hemodynamic support, with left ventricular assist device and intra-aortic balloon pump; none of the patients required vasopressors during PCI. There was a slight reduction in heart rate during OA (71.6 bpm vs 63.3 bpm; P=.02), with no major procedure-related clinical events. Only 1 patient (4.2%) with pre-existing conduction system disease required transient pacing from his permanent pacemaker during OA. All procedures were completed successfully and there were no periprocedural deaths or clinical myocardial infarctions.OA-facilitated PCI can be safely performed in patients with severe AS and severely calcified CAD with low risk of complications. There was no significant change in blood pressure and heart rate during OA, with minimal need for temporary pacing.
Published: 2019

28. OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH SHOCK AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOIUS MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY WITH INARI FLOWTRIEVER SYSTEM COMPARED WITH SYSTEMIC THROMBOLYSIS

Author: Prashanth Singanallur, Venkata Missula, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Basma Al-bast, Yasser Al-Khadra, Raad Al Tamimi, Nour Albast, Manasik Abdu, and Radhika Deshpande
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Thrombolysis, medicine.disease, Pulmonary embolism, Mechanical thrombectomy, Shock (circulatory), Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2021

29. GENDER DISPARITIES IN THE IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT ASSISTED CHRONIC CORONARY TOTAL OCCLUSION PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS

Author: Basma Al-bast, Tony DeMartini, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Manasik Abdu, Venkata Missula, Nour Albast, Youssef Chami, Yasser Al-Khadra, Raad Al Tamimi, Radhika Deshpande, and Prashanth Singanallur
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, Hospital outcomes, business.industry, Circulatory system, Emergency medicine, medicine, Psychological intervention, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Total occlusion
Published: 2021

30. OUTCOMES OF CARDIOGENIC SHOCK IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

Author: Cameron Koester, Khalid Sawalha, Mukul Bhattarai, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Youssef Chami, Venkata Missula, Tharani Sundararajan, Tony DeMartini, Yasser Al-Khadra, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, and Mohsin Salih
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiogenic shock, Cardiology, medicine, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease
Published: 2021

31. OUTCOMES OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY EMBOLISM UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY WITH INARI FLOWTRIEVER SYSTEM COMPARED WITH SYSTEMIC THROMBOLYSIS

Author: Raad Al Tamimi, Radhika Deshpande, Prashanth Singanallur, Nour Albast, Manasik Abdu, Venkata Missula, Yasser Al-Khadra, Basma Al-bast, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: Mechanical thrombectomy, medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine, Thrombolysis, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease, Pulmonary embolism, Surgery
Published: 2021

32. OUTCOMES OF URGENT VERSUS NON-URGENT TRANSCATHETER EDGE TO EDGE MITRAL VALVE REPAIR USING THE MITRACLIP DEVICE - AN INSIGHT FROM THE NATIONAL INPATIENT SAMPLE DATABASE

Author: Nour Albast, Venkata Missula, Manasik Abdu, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Radhika Deshpande, Raad Al Tamimi, Basma Al-bast, Yasser Al-Khadra, and Prashanth Singanallur
Subjects: Mitral valve repair, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, MitraClip, medicine, Edge (geometry), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Sample (graphics), Surgery
Published: 2021

33. NATIONAL TREND OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT UTILIZATION DURING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS IN CHRONIC CORONARY TOTAL OCCLUSION

Author: Prashanth Singanallur, Youssef Chami, Yasser Al-Khadra, Basma Al-bast, Tony DeMartini, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Nour Albast, Manasik Abdu, Radhika Deshpande, Venkata Missula, and Raad Al Tamimi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, business.industry, Internal medicine, Circulatory system, Psychological intervention, Cardiology, Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Total occlusion
Published: 2021

34. Procedure Logging in Interventional Cardiology Training Curriculum

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Hector Tamez, and Ankur Kalra
Subjects: Training curriculum, medicine.medical_specialty, Medical education, Interventional cardiology, business.industry, education, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Standard score, Login, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Curriculum
Abstract: Procedure logging is an integral part of the fellowship curriculum in cardiovascular medicine and its subspecialties, particularly for the cardiovascular disease fellows who are acquiring advanced training in interventional cardiology, structural heart diseases, or clinical cardiac electrophysiology
Published: 2016

35. Clinical consequence of mesiodens – A case series

Author: K.R. Ashir, Anis Ahmed, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, V J Reshma, and Abdulla Mufeed
Subjects: Dental practice, Orthodontics, Supernumerary tooth, business.industry, Dentistry, Early detection, 030206 dentistry, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, stomatognathic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, stomatognathic system, Otorhinolaryngology, Medicine, Surgery, Oral Surgery, Presentation (obstetrics), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth encountered in general dental practice. The clinical presentation may be varying depending on the position, number and relation to the adjacent tooth. Four cases of mesiodens with different patterns of presentation and clinical outcomes are presented here. Early detection by thorough clinical and radiographic evaluation allows adoption of less-complex and less-extensive treatment.
Published: 2016

36. Preparing interventional Fellows for advanced training in structural heart disease interventions

Author: Ankur Kalra, Ali Andalib, Ronnie Ramadan, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Marie-France Poulin, Hector Tamez, Duane S. Pinto, and Jeffrey J. Popma
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart disease, business.industry, Psychological intervention, medicine, Physical therapy, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Published: 2017

37. COMPARISON OF TICAGRELOR VERSUS PRASUGREL IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Mohammad Al-Akchar, Mohamed Ayan, Mohsin Salih, and Mukul Bhattarai
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Prasugrel, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Percutaneous coronary intervention, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Meta-analysis, Internal medicine, Conventional PCI, medicine, Cardiology, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Ticagrelor, medicine.drug
Abstract: Outcomes of Ticagrelor versus Prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain controversial. We performed a meta-analysis comparing Ticagrelor versus Prasugrel in patients with ACS for whom a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed. We conducted an electronic database
Published: 2020

38. COMPARING SEDATION VERSUS GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR: A META-ANALYSIS

Author: Youssef Chami, Darrel C Gumm, Min Chul Kim, Preeti Banga, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Sandeep Banga, Partho P. Sengupta, and Carmen Howard
Subjects: Percutaneous, business.industry, Meta-analysis, Sedation, Anesthesia, Medicine, Transcatheter mitral valve repair, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair (PMVR) is typically performed under general anesthesia (GA). Increasing evidence supports the efficacy and safety of PMVR performed under conscious sedation (CS) or deep sedation (DS). A comprehensive
Published: 2020

39. VASCULAR ACCESS FOR PERCUTANEOUS LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (PLVAD) IN FEM-FEM BYPASS

Author: Mohammad Al-Akchar, Mohsin Salih, Abhishek Kulkarni, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Douglas Hood, Mukul Bhattarai, and Tian Zhang
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, business.industry, Internal medicine, Ventricular assist device, medicine.medical_treatment, Vascular access, Cardiology, Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Finite element method
Published: 2020

40. IF YOU DON’THINK OF IT YOU’LL MISS IT, A RARE CAUSE OF ACS

Author: Priyanka Parajuli, Youssef Chami, Odalys Estefania Lara Garcia, Ruby Maini, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Manjari Regmi, and Mohammad Al-Akchar
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Birth control pills, business.industry, Connective tissue, medicine.disease, Cardiac angiography, Sudden cardiac death, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, medicine, Etiology, Cardiology, In patient, Peripartum Period, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Scad
Abstract: SCAD is regarded as an atypical etiology for ACS and sudden cardiac death. Observed in patients without cardiovascular risks, and diagnosis often made through cardiac angiography. Birth control pills, inflammation, connective tissue disorders and peripartum period are risks for SCAD. We describe a
Published: 2020

41. Longitudinal Case-Based Presentations in HCM

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Jonathan Elias, Kanika Mody, Jenna Kahn, Sahil Khera, Ankur Kalra, and Srihari S. Naidu
Published: 2018

42. Abstract 17252: Left Ventricular Noncompaction in Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction is Associated With Increased Cardiac Hospitalizations

Author: Vikashsingh Rambhujun, Vijayapraveena Paruchuri, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Catherine Kreatsoulas, Joshua DeLeon, Kevin Marzo, and Juan Gaztanaga
Subjects: Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Introduction: Prominent left ventricular trabeculations or left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is observed now more often with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The significance of LVNC in patients with preserved ejection fraction remains unknown however it may be a precursor to cardiomyopathy. Hypothesis: This study is aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with LVNC and preserved LV function compared to patients with normal myocardial anatomy and function. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients referred for cardiac MRI between October 2012 and July 2017. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease and infiltrative heart disease were excluded. Patients with prominent trabeculations and a noncompacted to compacted myocardial ratio ≥ 2.3 with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥ 50% were included. The primary outcome is defined as cardiac hospitalizations resulting from chest pain, arrhythmias, syncope, and congestive heart failure. These patients were compared to patients who underwent cardiac MRI with preserved function and normal myocardial anatomy. Results: There were a total of 39 patients who met criteria of LVNC with preserved function by MRI. These were compared to 59 patients with preserved function and normal myocardial anatomy on MRI. There was no significant difference in demographics and LV size and function between the groups. In comparison with the control group, the LVNC group had a mean age of 44 ± 14 versus 42 ± 16, 62% female sex versus 59%, LV EF of 59 ± 5% versus 62 ± 6%, LV end diastolic volume of 148 ± 26 ml versus 146 ± 40 ml. There were a total of 7 cardiac hospitalizations, of which 5 occurred in patients with LVNC. LVNC was associated with a greater than 4-fold increased risk of events (HR4.6, 95%CI 1.0-21.8) (figure) Conclusions: In patients with preserved EF, LVNC anatomy is significantly associated with increased cardiac hospitalizations.
Published: 2018

43. A Hybrid Model for Advanced Structural Heart Disease Training Programs: The Attending-Fellow-in-Training Model

Author: Abdul Moiz, Hafiz and Marie-France, Poulin
Subjects: Heart Diseases, Education, Medical, Graduate, Humans, Internship and Residency, Accreditation
Published: 2018

44. The GuideLiner-Sleeve Technique: A Novel Technique for High-Risk PCI Using Two Left Main Guides for Orbital Atherectomy of Two-Vessel Calcified Ostial Coronary Artery Disease

Author: Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, Craig, Smith, and Nikolaos, Kakouros
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Atherectomy, Coronary, Coronary Stenosis, Equipment Design, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Vessels, Electrocardiography, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Echocardiography, Risk Factors, Myocardial Revascularization, Humans, Female, Vascular Calcification
Abstract: A novel GuideLiner-sleeve technique to enable use of atherectomy in calcific ostial lesions of the LAD and LCX is described.
Published: 2017

45. Is intra-procedure three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiogram an alternative to preprocedure multidetector computed tomography for the measurement of the aortic annulus in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement?

Author: Giorgio A. Medranda, Rose Calixte, Jonathan Kahan, Kevin Marzo, Joshua DeLeon, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, George Gubernikoff, Vijayapraveena Paruchuri, Jay Patel, Juan Gaztanaga, Beevash Ray, and Nikolaos Kakouros
Subjects: Aortic valve, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Aorta, Thoracic, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Transesophageal echocardiogram, Prosthesis Design, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, 03 medical and health sciences, Intraoperative Period, 0302 clinical medicine, Valve replacement, medicine.artery, Prosthesis Fitting, Multidetector computed tomography, Multidetector Computed Tomography, medicine, Thoracic aorta, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiac skeleton, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Aortic Valve Stenosis, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Aortic valve stenosis, Aortic Valve, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Preoperative Period, cardiovascular system, Female, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background The role of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3DTEE) vs multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in aortic annular sizing has been poorly defined in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacements (TAVR). We set to determine the correlation between 3DTEE and MDCT in measuring the aortic annulus prior to TAVR. Methods In an observational, retrospective study, we compared aortic annular areas measured by MDCT and 3DTEE in TAVR patients. The aortic annular area was measured by planimetry of images obtained by MDCT pre-TAVR and by intra-TAVR TEE using 3D rendering of the aortic annulus followed by planimetry. Our primary outcome was degree of correlation between mean aortic annulus area by 3DTEE and MDCT. Results Of the 111 consecutive patients undergoing TAVR who had measurements from both modalities available for comparison between February 2012 and April 2015, 87 met inclusion criteria. The mean aortic annular area by MDCT was 4.44±0.88 cm2 and by 3DTEE was 4.33±0.78 cm2. There was a strong positive linear correlation between aortic annular area measurements obtained from these two modalities with mild relative underestimation by 3DTEE (ρ=.833). This relationship can be estimated using the predictive formula: MDCTAorticAnnularArea=0.605+0.878×3DTEEAorticAnnularArea Conclusions Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography measurements have a high degree of correlation with MDCT measurements and thus can assist in proper valve prosthesis selection for TAVR. Our study thus supports use of 3DTEE as a reasonable alternative imaging modality in patients undergoing TAVR.
Published: 2017

46. A Novel Approach to Managing Trans-Subclavian Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Regional Anesthesia

Author: Jennifer D. Walker, Nikolaos Kakouros, Brian Alexander, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Philip Krapchev, Gustavo Angaramo, and J. Matthias Walz
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Transcatheter aortic, medicine.medical_treatment, Sedation, Subclavian Artery, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Valve replacement, Anesthesia, Conduction, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, Local anesthesia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Subclavian artery, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Disease Management, Aortic Valve Stenosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Regional anesthesia, Aortic valve stenosis, Anesthesia, Nerve block, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has evolved, through increased operator experience and technical advancements, from a procedure done routinely under general anesthesia (GA) to one that can be safely performed under conscious sedation. Although local anesthesia and conscious sedation is widely applied to transfemoral procedures, TAVR using alternative vascular access routes requiring surgical cutdown is still performed under GA. We describe the use of regional anesthesia and moderate sedation in an 82-year-old woman undergoing trans-subclavian TAVR. A pectoral (PECS-1) nerve block provided adequate anesthesia throughout the procedure and excellent post-operative analgesia with no complications.
Published: 2017

47. Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement in Orthotopic Heart Transplant

Author: Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, Jeffrey, Shih, and Nikolaos, Kakouros
Subjects: Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Male, Reoperation, Cardiac Catheterization, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Heart Transplantation, Humans, Tricuspid Valve, Middle Aged, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency
Abstract: A patient with history of orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) followed by tricuspid valve replacement and two subsequent balloon valvuloplasties was offered transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) to avoid what would have been his fourth sternotomy. TTVR in patients with OHT can be a valuable approach to prevent further open-heart surgeries, which carry added morbidity and mortality.
Published: 2017

48. TCT-125 Evaluation of EKG-gated and Dual Source Accelerated Computed Tomography Imaging Protocols for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Sizing

Author: Mohamed Ahmed, Rohit Malhotra, Amartya Kundu, Nikolaos Kakouros, and Abdul Moiz Hafiz
Subjects: medicine.diagnostic_test, Transcatheter aortic, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Computed tomography, Sizing, Volumetric reconstruction, Radiation exposure, Valve replacement, cardiovascular system, medicine, Dual source, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: Procedure success for Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) relies heavily on volumetric reconstruction imaging, particularly of EKG-gated multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). With emerging data supporting TAVR in younger and lower-risk patients, radiation exposure becomes a valid
Published: 2018

49. Anti-thrombotic strategies in the third trimester of pregnancy: A case of spontaneous coronary dissection requiring emergent PCI

Author: Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Vijayapraveena Paruchuri, George Gubernikoff, Joshua De Leon, Srihari S. Naidu, Luigi Di Biase, and George K. Lui
Subjects: Pregnancy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, MEDLINE, medicine.disease, Third trimester, Cardiovascular therapy, Surgery, Aneurysm, Conventional PCI, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Coronary dissection
Published: 2013

50. Procedure Logging in Interventional Cardiology Training Curriculum: The Interventional Fellows' T-Score

Author: Ankur, Kalra, Abdul Moiz, Hafiz, and Hector, Tamez
Subjects: Cardiac Catheterization, Education, Medical, Graduate, Angiography, Cardiology, Humans, Curriculum, Fellowships and Scholarships, Societies, Medical, United States
Published: 2016

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