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Editors' Introduction to the volume Mesopotamian identities in the last centuries of cuneiform writing by Sebastian Fink & Saana Svärd.

This paper examines three aspects of an undergraduate course, Criminologies of Atrocity. The course uses the extensive volume of testimony and other evidence held in online archives at the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and culminates in assessed individual research projects. After a description of the intellectual and institutional context of the course and an account of course delivery, the paper examines three dimensions of the course. First, the course successfully encourages a multi-disciplinary orientation among students in line with the historical development of criminology, the demands of studying atrocity, and identified pedagogical benefits. Second, the course is situated in relation to the research-teaching nexus, with pedagogical benefits around inclusion, democratization, and learning. Finally, literature on research ethics is applied to the teaching of the course. The paper supports the integration of publicly available archives into teaching which combines substantive and methodological dimensions of criminology.

「BFRI研究・教育資源アーカイブ」は、2020年度に文化ファッション研究機構和装文化研究所が中心となり立ち上げた学内限定サイトである。文化学園が所蔵する膨大な服飾関連資料をWeb上で共有することでその所在を明確にし、研究・教育の場における共同利用を促進しようとするものである。現在はその活性化を図るべく、資料の蓄積とサイト認知度の向上を意図した学内向けの取り組みに努めている。本稿では、新たにアーカイブ化を進めている「着物図案」およびその関連資料群について、これまでに完了している調査内容（構成、寸法、彩色、材質、レイアウト）並びに、デジタルアーカイブ化に向けた画像化の手法とサイト掲載情報の検討内容について報告する。 尚、本稿の表 3 では図案の鮮明な画像を可能な限り掲載しようと試みた。これは、1,306点に及ぶ本資料群のバリエーションに富んだデザインが、あらゆる着想のツールとして幅広く活用できることを示すためであり、それを周知することで「BFRI研究・教育資源アーカイブ」の利用者増加につなげたいと考えるためである。, 文献・資料紹介, Research Sources

短期大学部本学科で表題の授業を2020 年度から担当している。「メディアリテラシー」は大学の授業科目に一般的に見かけるテーマだが、「アーカイブズ」と組み合わせた科目はそれほど多くないのではないか。この一見して異質な二つのテーマをどう組み合わせ、どう論じたらよいのか。高校卒業後、2 年間で社会に出て行く短期大学の学生が、この科目を身につける意義はどこにあるのか。さらに私自身の問題として、新聞記者をやりながら実務家教員として何ができるのか。試行錯誤しながら取り組んだ3 年間の授業内容を記録すると共に、授業作りを今後どのように進化させたらよいのかを考察した。, I have been teaching a junior college “Media Literacy” class since FY2020 while working as a news reporter. “Media literacy” is a common theme in university courses, but few courses combine it with “archives.” How can these two seemingly dissimilar themes be combined and discussed? What does this subject offer junior college students after they graduate? And what can I do for students as a news reporter? In this report, I record the contents of my classes for the past three years, and discuss how I would like my teaching style to evolve in the future.

As the European Journal of Theatre and Performance is now steadily growing into a bi-annual publication, we are proud to present this fifth issue as a result of our first open call for contributions. From now on, we will alternate between one specially themed and one general issue per year and authors will have the possibility to submit scholarly articles for future issues on a continual basis. Although no thematic focus was intended, unexpected convergences did emerge between the different contributions for this issue’s Essays section. The four contributions all engage with memory, the body, and the archive in their various intertwinements. It seems that the urge for searching and understanding how ‘performing remains’ (Schneider 2011) has only been growing in recent years, not only in theatre and performance practices all over the world but also in scholarship.

As the European Journal of Theatre and Performance is now steadily growing into a bi-annual publication, we are proud to present this fifth issue as a result of our first open call for contributions. From now on, we will alternate between one specially themed and one general issue per year and authors will have the possibility to submit scholarly articles for future issues on a continual basis. Although no thematic focus was intended, unexpected convergences did emerge between the different contributions for this issue’s Essays section. The four contributions all engage with memory, the body, and the archive in their various intertwinements. It seems that the urge for searching and understanding how ‘performing remains’ (Schneider 2011) has only been growing in recent years, not only in theatre and performance practices all over the world but also in scholarship.

Si l’épidémiologie s’inscrit dans une tradition forte de quantification et de standardisation des données, elle mobilise des sources variées et notamment des archives. Cet article s’intéresse donc à cette réutilisation méconnue en se focalisant plus particulièrement sur les études de cohorte et les registres de morbidité. Il interroge les changements de valeur et de statut des données dans la transformation des documents d’archives en bases de données, à travers quatre étapes de la recherche : l’analyse des données sources, le codage, l’évaluation de la qualité des données et, enfin, la reconstitution des données manquantes. Although epidemiology is part of a strong tradition of data quantification and standardization, it mobilizes various sources, in particular archives. This article therefore looks at this little-known reuse, focusing especially on cohort studies and morbidity registers. It examines the changes in data value and status when processing archival documents into databases through four research stages: source data analysis, coding, data quality evaluation and, eventually, the reconstitution of missing data.

From various parts of Te Moana Nui a Kiwa, we have come together as Indigenous scholars to weave stories of our grandmothers in the archives. From our own sea, land and skyscapes to the diasporic realities of generations of movement, migration and contact with ourselves and outsiders, we trace some of the stories and lineage, emanating from our grandmothers, that have led us into the archives. In distinctive ways we acknowledge our grandmothers’ guidance, presence, and inspiration for the research that we do. But we also see that their presence in and beyond the archives can challenge the very notions of what an archive is and how it is imagined from Indigenous worlds. In this article, we navigate from the centre to the edges of our research, attending to the paths we follow and forge as Indigenous researchers inspired by our grandmothers.

Se présentant comme une enquête sur le passé historique et familial menée à partir de documents d’archive, Thésée, sa vie nouvelle de Camille de Toledo (2020) s’inscrit dans la réflexion protéiforme engagée par l’auteur depuis plusieurs années sur les fictions, leurs natures, leurs rôles et leurs effets. Cet article étudie les différents liens que tisse ce livre entre trauma et fiction : du mythe qui recouvre les traumas du passé à la formation de nouvelles narrations du trauma qui prennent leur distance avec les paradigmes épistémologiques dominants. Une attention particulière est accordée à la fonction qu’occupe la référence à la transmission épigénétique du trauma dans le texte. Presenting itself as an investigation into the historical and family past conducted on the basis of archival documents, Thésée, sa vie nouvelle by Camille de Toledo (2020) is part of the protean reflection that the author has been engaged in for several years on fictions, their natures, their roles and effects. This article examines the various links woven by the book between trauma and fiction: from the myth covering up past traumas to the creation of new narratives of trauma that distance themselves from the dominant epistemological paradigms. Particular attention is paid to the function of the reference to the epigenetic transmission of trauma in the text.

Kulturna dediščina velja kot skupna presečna množica t. i. dediščinskih ustanov, knjižnic, arhivov in muzejev (KAM). Tematika povezovanja teh ustanov je v tujini že dolgo aktualna tema, ki jo spodbujajo različne družbene spremembe, pa tudi upravno-finančne tendence in odločitve kulturnih politik. V zadnjih desetih letih so razprave postale bolj kontinuirane in fokusirane, delno zaradi vzpostavitve nekaterih vladnih mehanizmov financiranja in upravljanja virov kulturne dediščine v ZDA, Veliki Britaniji in Avstraliji, ki so sodelovanja KAM pomembno spodbudili. V Sloveniji medinstitucionalnih povezav na to temo nimamo, vsaka od KAM ustanov je zamejena v svoje lastne ločene okvire, kar ilustrira že bežen pregled osnovne zakonodaje, ki ureja vsako posamezno področje. Kljub temu pa že hiter pregled vizij razvoja oz. aspiracij posameznih KAM disciplin kaže, da vse tri odražajo podobne težnje, s katerimi se odzivajo na potrebe družbe, kakor jih zaznavajo, v ospredje stopa njihovo zavedanje pomena za skupnost, kakor morda tudi strah, da ne bi posamezne od KAM ustanov svoje vloge v družbi začele izgubljati. Namreč podobne vizije razvoja, kot si jih zadajajo muzealci, zasledimo tudi v aktualnih teoretičnih načelih splošnih knjižnic, ki svoj fokus vse bolj usmerjajo na uporabnika oz. dobrobit lokalne skupnosti, kar odraža program proaktivne knjižnice v lokalnem okolju, o uporabniškem vidiku delovanja razmišljajo tudi arhivi. Kulturna dediščina se kaže kot eno od orodij za reševanje trenutne družbene situacije, muzeji kot temeljne dediščinske ustanove (enako lahko rečemo tudi za knjižnice in arhive) pa sprejemajo vlogo družbenih katalizatorjev, ki družbo oblikujejo in jo demokratizirajo. Kljub vse bolj podobnim ciljem pa slovenske KAM institucije ostajajo še povsem zamejene v lastne ločene »silose«, ki jih v tujini pod različnimi vplivi in na različnih nivojih že presegajo in to v dovolj raznolikih razponih, da je v teoretičnih razpravah nastala potreba po tehtnejšem razločevanju kolaboracijskih procesov. S pomočjo teoretičnega modela sodelovalnega kontinuuma je omogočeno natančnejše razločevanje med mnogimi disparatnimi vidiki sodelovanja (od kontakta, preko kooperacije, koordinacije, kolaboracije, do konvergence), saj je termin sodelovanje pogosto uporabljen na preveč ohlapen in nekonsistenten način. V disertaciji smo podali pregled izbranih tujih virov in zaznali dva poglavitna tokova KAM povezovanj, ki smo ju poimenovali anglosaksonski in evropski pojmovni okvir ter izpostavili njune poglavitne značilnosti. Intenzivno združevanje KAM na način medinstitucionalnega zlitja v tistih okoljih v tujini, kjer so se za takšne prakse odločili na nivoju kulturnih politik, nima nujno izključno dobrih učinkov, temveč lahko celo vodi v okrnitev katere od strokovnih disciplin ali v osiromašenje katere od posameznih komponent njihovega delovanja. Iz teh ugotovitev izhaja, da je potrebno ohraniti samostojna jedra posameznih disciplin, ki pa se v določenih posameznih segmentih svojega delovanja in organizacije lahko konsenzualno medsebojno povezujejo ali celo povsem poenotijo, bodisi da bi si zmanjšale stroške, optimizirale kadrovske vire ali enostavno ponudile boljšo storitev. Dobrodejni učinki integracije se lahko skrivajo v plasti dodane vrednosti, ki deluje harmonično z obstoječimi funkcijami, npr. integrirana razstavna dejavnost, integriran digitalni repozitorij, integrirane storitvene točke, vendar naj globlje organizacijske plasti obdržijo obstoječi format zbirke in institucionalno integriteto. V nadaljevanju smo podali pregled KAM sodelovanj v slovenski strokovni literaturi ter ga osvetlili z različnih vidikov, ki smo jih zaznali. Izpostavili smo vidik upravljanja zbirk, vidik digitalizacije ter splošni vidik, osvetlili zakonodajo, relevantno za dediščinske ustanove, ter uvedli razmislek o ustanovah KAM v javni sferi. Kot teoretični okvir smo vpeljali model organizacijskega učenja. Znotraj takšnega teoretičnega okvirja se KAM kažejo kot potencialni partnerji znotraj širšega omrežja dediščinskih institucij, ki si lahko izmenjujejo znanja in izkušnje s pomočjo visoke absorbcijske sposobnosti podobnih dediščinskih temeljnih znanj, vendar različnih specializacij vsake posamezne discipline, in s skupnim sistemskim mišljenjem ter podpiranjem pri dinamičnem prilagajanju kompetenc glede na spremembe družbenih okoliščin, ki na vse partnerje v omrežju relativno podobno učinkujejo. Pri vzpostavljanju teoretskega okvirja nas je zanimal predvsem družbeni in organizacijski vidik KAM kot javnega prostora, ne pa informacijski vidik. Čeprav digitalne tehnologije v marsičem olajšujejo dostop do sodelovanja, obenem tudi zameglijo jasen pregled, kako KAM ustanove konstruirajo in ustvarjajo konvergence znotraj fizičnega dediščinskega okolja. Sledili smo priporočilu, da niso tehnološki sistemi tisti, ki ustvarjajo konvergence, temveč ljudje, ki konvergirajo svoje miselne sisteme in posledično organizacijske vrednote. Skladno s to predpostavko smo v okviru različnih študij primera ustreznih KAM entitet in s pomočjo intervjujev kompetentnih KAM strokovnjakov raziskovali potencialne možnosti sodelovanj KAM v Sloveniji. Pri oblikovanju raziskovalnih vprašanj smo izhajali iz predpostavke, da KAM na načelni ravni prepoznavajo potrebnost ali celo nujnost večjega medsebojnega sodelovanja zlasti na področju kulturne dediščine, kar bi v Sloveniji pomenilo preseganje dosedanjih okvirov, kakor jih zastavlja zakonodaja. Izhajajoč iz temeljnega raziskovalnega problema smo oblikovali dve ključni raziskovalni vprašanji, eno ustreza spoznavno-teoretskemu vidiku disertacije, drugo pa aplikativnemu: analizirati obstoječe stanje sodelovanja KAM ustanov v Sloveniji na področju kulturne dediščine glede na teoretsko že opredeljeni petfazni sodelovalni kontinuum ter ugotoviti, katere so potencialno najbolj primerne možnosti oziroma oblike sodelovanja KAM v Sloveniji na področju kulturne dediščine. Raziskovalno delo smo natančneje opredelili z razčlenjujočimi vprašanji, ki podpirajo prvi dve s prispevanjem specifičnih, delnih odgovorov. Opredeliti, kakšne so potencialne koristi in potencialne pomanjkljivosti sodelovanja KAM na področju kulturne dediščine glede na specifičnosti slovenskega okolja, kako izkoristiti raznolikost potencialov, ko se pri sodelovanju na področju kulturne dediščine srečujejo multidisciplinarna znanja strokovnjakov KAM ustanov, kje vodstva izbranih ustanov vidijo razvojne možnosti konvergirane KAM ter v kolikšni meri so se knjižnice, arhivi in muzeji pripravljeni učiti drug od drugega. Izvedli smo raziskavo, h kateri so bila v prvem delu, od januarja do aprila 2022, povabljena vodstva vseh treh vrst ustanov, potekala pa je v obliki polstrukturiranega poglobljenega intervjuja. Teoretično smo raziskavo umestili v širši sociološki model javne sfere, ki omogoča razumevanje sprememb ali odpora do sprememb KAM kot javnega prostora, in ožje v teorijo organizacijskega učenja predvsem z vidika učenja med organizacijami na način absorbcijske sposobnosti ter sistemskega mišljenja, ter jo opremili s tipologijo stopenj sodelovanja na lestvici kolaboracijskega kontinuuma. Raziskave se je udeležilo 19 od 26 povabljenih oseb. V drugem delu smo izvedli študijo primera vsake od treh ustanov, Mestne knjižnice Ljubljana, Slovenskega šolskega muzeja in Zgodovinskega arhiva Ljubljana. Poudarek raziskave je bil na pregledu sodelovalnih praks med ustanovami v zadnjih petnajstih letih. Intervjuvanci imajo večinoma pozitivno mnenje o sodelovanju lastne ustanove z ostalima dvema disciplinama in izpostavljajo pozitivne učinke tovrstnih sodelovanj tudi v bodoče. Raziskava pokaže, da sodelovanja KAM potekajo na relativno površinski ravni in ostajajo na začetnih stopnjah sodelovalnega kontinuuma. Skozi pogovore in raziskavo se izpostavljajo določene sistemske in konkretne ovire ter še neizkoriščene priložnosti predvsem na področju formalnega in neformalnega organizacijskega učenja in predlogov sistemskih spodbud odločevalcev. Raziskava predstavlja začetni impulz v relativno novi raziskovalni temi, ki posledično odpira številna nova vprašanja vsaj na področju izobraževanja kadrov, digitalnih vsebin in obdelave gradiv, česar se v pričujoči raziskavi ne lotevamo. V našem okolju je možnost KAM sodelovanj še relativno neznana, niti ni naklonjenosti vladnih politik v obliki morebitnih spodbud, denimo za povezovalne projekte, ki bi iniciativam poglobljene dediščinske dejavnosti na nivoju skupne KAM omogočala pridobitev dodatnih sredstev ali nudila drugo ustrezno obliko podpore. S pričujočo disertacijo želimo nasloviti ugotovljeno vrzel med slovensko (sicer še v povojih) prakso in tujo teorijo in prakso KAM sodelovanj, pri čemer se nam kot torišče oz. presečna množica knjižnic, arhivov in muzejev kaže zlasti koncept kulturne dediščine kot ključni povezovalni element, ki tvori koncept t. i. dediščinskih institucij. Sicer pa gre za raziskovalno ambicijo, ki se giblje na področju več plasti znotraj vsake institucije in jo označuje multidisciplinarnost ne le med tremi KAM entitetami, temveč tudi širše, med različnimi vedami. Ne predlagamo izgube samostojnosti katerekoli od KAM ustanov v Sloveniji, nekatera strokovna področja so si samostojnost celo relativno nedavno priborila, v zakonodajnem in organizacijskem okviru, ki smo ga v Sloveniji izgradili, tak pristop ne bi obrodil pozitivnih rezultatov. Smiselni pa so razmisleki o drugih možnostih, ki se znotraj že omenjenega sodelovalnega kontinuuma še odpirajo, saj lahko ugotovimo, da sta soroden značaj KAM in vsem trem skupna presečna množica zbiranja, ohranjanja in posredovanja kulturne dediščine že sama po sebi privedla do marsikaterih spontanih povezav in sodelovanj. Cultural heritage is seen as the shared intersection of heritage institutions, libraries, archives and museums (LAM). The theme of linking these institutions has long been a hot topic abroad, driven by various social changes, as well as by administrative and financial trends and cultural policy decisions. In the last ten years, discussions have become more continuous and focused, partly due to the establishment of some government mechanisms for financing and managing cultural heritage resources in the USA, Great Britain and Australia, which have significantly stimulated LAM cooperation. In Slovenia, we have no such inter-institutional connections, as each of the LAM institutions is restricted to its own separate frameworks, which is illustrated by a cursory review of the basic legislation governing each individual area. Nevertheless, a quick review of the ideas of development or the aspirations of individual LAM disciplines shows that all three reflect similar tendencies with which they respond to the perceived needs of society. Their awareness of the importance for the community comes to the forefront, as well as perhaps the fear that individual LAMs would not establish their role in society. Similar visions of development, as set by museologists, can also be found in the current theoretical principles of public libraries, which are increasingly focusing on the user and the well-being of the local community, which reflects the proactive library program in the local environment. Archives are also increasingly considering the user aspect of operating. Cultural heritage functions as one of the tools for solving the current social situation, and museums as fundamental heritage institutions (the same can be said for libraries and archives) are largely holding the role of social catalysts that shape society and democratize it. Despite increasingly similar goals, domestic LAM institutions remain completely confined to their own separate "silos", which are already being surpassed abroad under various influences and at different levels, and this in sufficiently diverse ranges that the need for a more weighty distinction between collaborative processes has arisen in theoretical discussions. With the help of the theoretical model of the cooperative continuum, a more precise distinction between many disparate aspects of cooperation (from contact, through cooperation, coordination, collaboration to convergence) is possible, since the term »cooperation« is often used in an overly vague and inconsistent way. In this dissertation, we provided an overview of selected foreign sources and identified two main models of LAM connections, which we called the Anglo-Saxon and the European concept, and highlighted their main characteristics. The intensive merging of LAM in the manner of inter-institutional fusion in those environments abroad, where such practices have been determined at the level of cultural policies, does not necessarily have exclusively positive effects, in fact it can even lead to the curtailment of one of the professional disciplines or the impoverishment of one of the individual components of their operation. It follows from these findings that it is necessary to preserve the independent cores of individual disciplines, but in certain individual segments of their operation and organization they can consensually connect with each other or even completely unify, either in order to reduce costs, optimize personnel resources or simply offer a better service. The beneficial effects of integration can be hidden in a layer of added value that works harmoniously with existing functions, such as integrated exhibition activity, integrated digital repository and integrated service points. However, the deeper organizational layers should ideally still retain the existing collection format and institutional integrity. In the following, we gave an overview of LAM collaborations in domestic professional literature and illuminated it from several various aspects that we perceived. We highlighted the aspect of collection management, the aspect of digitization and the general aspect, we shed light on the legislation, relevant to heritage institutions, and introduced a reflection on LAM institutions in the public sphere. We introduced the organizational learning model as a theoretical framework. Within such a theoretical framework, LAMs appear as potential partners within a wider network of heritage institutions. A such they can which can exchange knowledge and experience with the help of a high absorption capacity of similar fundamental heritage knowledge, however with different specializations of each individual discipline. They also achieve this with common systemic thinking and support in dynamic competence adaptation in regards to the changes in social circumstances that have a relatively similar effect on all partners in the network. When establishing the theoretical framework, we were primarily interested in the social and organizational aspect of LAM as a public space, but not the informational aspect. Although digital technologies in many ways facilitate access to participation, they also obscure a clear overview of how LAM institutions construct and create convergences within the physical heritage environment. We followed the recommendation that it is not the technological systems that create convergences, but rather the people who converge their thinking systems and consequently organizational values. In accordance with this assumption, within the framework of various case studies of relevant LAM entities and with the help of semi-structured in-depth interviews of competent LAM experts, we explored the potential possibilities of LAM cooperation in Slovenia. When formulating the research questions, we started from the assumption that LAMs recognize the benefit or even the necessity of greater mutual cooperation, especially in the field of cultural heritage, which in Slovenia would mean going beyond the existing frameworks as set by the legislation. Starting from the fundamental research problem, we formulated two key research questions, one corresponding to the cognitive-theoretical aspect of the dissertation, and the other to the applicative one: to analyze the current state of cooperation of LAM institutions in Slovenia in the field of cultural heritage according to the theoretically defined five-phase collaborative continuum, and to determine which are potentially the most suitable possibilities or forms of cooperation of LAM in Slovenia in the field of cultural heritage. We further defined the research work with discursive questions that support the first two questions by contributing specific, partial answers. To determine what are the potential benefits and potential disadvantages of the LAM cooperation in the field of cultural heritage in relation to the specificities of the Slovenian environment, how to take advantage of the diversity of potentials when the multidisciplinary knowledge of the experts of the LAM institutions meets in cooperation in the field of cultural heritage, where the managements of the selected institutions see the development possibilities of the converged LAM and to what extent libraries, archives and museums are willing to learn from each other. A survey was carried out, in which the management of all three types of institutions from January to April 2022 where invited to take part in the form of a semi-structured in-depth interview. Theoretically, the survey was situated within a broader sociological model of the public sphere that allows for understanding change or resistance to change in libraries, archives and museums as public spaces, and more narrowly within the theory of organisational learning, especially in terms of learning between organisations in the manner of absorptive capacity and systems thinking, and equipped with a typology of levels of collaboration on the scale of a collaborative continuum. Of the 26 invited, 19 persons took part in the survey. In the second phase, we conducted a case study of each of the three institutions, the Ljubljana City Library, the Slovenian School Museum and the Ljubljana Historical Archive. The focus of the research was on the review of collaborative practices between institutions over the past fifteen years. The interviewees were mostly positive about their own institution's collaboration with the other two disciplines and highlighted the positive effects of such collaborations in the future. The survey showed that cooperation between libraries, archives and museums is relatively superficial and remains at the early stages of the cooperation continuum. Through the interviews and research, certain systemic and concrete barriers and untapped opportunities were highlighted, especially in the field of formal and informal organizational learning and proposals for systemic incentives for decision-makers. The survey represents an initial impulse into a relatively new research topic, which consequently raises a number of new questions, at least in the field of staff training, digital content and materials processing, which are not addressed in the present study. The possibility of collaboration between libraries, archives and museums is still relatively unknown in Slovenia, and there is no government policy support in the form of possible incentives for e.g. networking projects, which would enable initiatives for in-depth heritage activities at the level of shared libraries, archives and museums to obtain additional funding or offer other appropriate forms of support. With this dissertation, we want to address the identified gap between domestic (albeit still in its infancy) practice and foreign theory and practice of LAM collaborations. The cross-sectional multitude of libraries, archives and museums shows, in particular, the concept of cultural heritage as a key unifying element that forms the concept of the so-called heritage institutions. Otherwise, it is a research ambition that moves through several layers within each institution and is characterized by multidisciplinarity - not only between the three LAM entities, but also more broadly, between different sciences. In Slovenian cultural space, we do not propose the loss of independence of any of the LAM institutions, as some professional areas have even gained independence relatively recently. In the legislative and organizational framework that we have built in Slovenia, such an approach would not yield positive results. However, it makes sense to reflect on other possibilities that are still open within the aforementioned collaborative continuum, as we can conclude that the related character of LAM and the cross-sectional set of collection, preservation and transmission of cultural heritage, common to all three, has in itself led to many spontaneous connections and collaborations.

Kulturna dediščina velja kot skupna presečna množica t. i. dediščinskih ustanov, knjižnic, arhivov in muzejev (KAM). Tematika povezovanja teh ustanov je v tujini že dolgo aktualna tema, ki jo spodbujajo različne družbene spremembe, pa tudi upravno-finančne tendence in odločitve kulturnih politik. V zadnjih desetih letih so razprave postale bolj kontinuirane in fokusirane, delno zaradi vzpostavitve nekaterih vladnih mehanizmov financiranja in upravljanja virov kulturne dediščine v ZDA, Veliki Britaniji in Avstraliji, ki so sodelovanja KAM pomembno spodbudili. V Sloveniji medinstitucionalnih povezav na to temo nimamo, vsaka od KAM ustanov je zamejena v svoje lastne ločene okvire, kar ilustrira že bežen pregled osnovne zakonodaje, ki ureja vsako posamezno področje. Kljub temu pa že hiter pregled vizij razvoja oz. aspiracij posameznih KAM disciplin kaže, da vse tri odražajo podobne težnje, s katerimi se odzivajo na potrebe družbe, kakor jih zaznavajo, v ospredje stopa njihovo zavedanje pomena za skupnost, kakor morda tudi strah, da ne bi posamezne od KAM ustanov svoje vloge v družbi začele izgubljati. Namreč podobne vizije razvoja, kot si jih zadajajo muzealci, zasledimo tudi v aktualnih teoretičnih načelih splošnih knjižnic, ki svoj fokus vse bolj usmerjajo na uporabnika oz. dobrobit lokalne skupnosti, kar odraža program proaktivne knjižnice v lokalnem okolju, o uporabniškem vidiku delovanja razmišljajo tudi arhivi. Kulturna dediščina se kaže kot eno od orodij za reševanje trenutne družbene situacije, muzeji kot temeljne dediščinske ustanove (enako lahko rečemo tudi za knjižnice in arhive) pa sprejemajo vlogo družbenih katalizatorjev, ki družbo oblikujejo in jo demokratizirajo. Kljub vse bolj podobnim ciljem pa slovenske KAM institucije ostajajo še povsem zamejene v lastne ločene »silose«, ki jih v tujini pod različnimi vplivi in na različnih nivojih že presegajo in to v dovolj raznolikih razponih, da je v teoretičnih razpravah nastala potreba po tehtnejšem razločevanju kolaboracijskih procesov. S pomočjo teoretičnega modela sodelovalnega kontinuuma je omogočeno natančnejše razločevanje med mnogimi disparatnimi vidiki sodelovanja (od kontakta, preko kooperacije, koordinacije, kolaboracije, do konvergence), saj je termin sodelovanje pogosto uporabljen na preveč ohlapen in nekonsistenten način. V disertaciji smo podali pregled izbranih tujih virov in zaznali dva poglavitna tokova KAM povezovanj, ki smo ju poimenovali anglosaksonski in evropski pojmovni okvir ter izpostavili njune poglavitne značilnosti. Intenzivno združevanje KAM na način medinstitucionalnega zlitja v tistih okoljih v tujini, kjer so se za takšne prakse odločili na nivoju kulturnih politik, nima nujno izključno dobrih učinkov, temveč lahko celo vodi v okrnitev katere od strokovnih disciplin ali v osiromašenje katere od posameznih komponent njihovega delovanja. Iz teh ugotovitev izhaja, da je potrebno ohraniti samostojna jedra posameznih disciplin, ki pa se v določenih posameznih segmentih svojega delovanja in organizacije lahko konsenzualno medsebojno povezujejo ali celo povsem poenotijo, bodisi da bi si zmanjšale stroške, optimizirale kadrovske vire ali enostavno ponudile boljšo storitev. Dobrodejni učinki integracije se lahko skrivajo v plasti dodane vrednosti, ki deluje harmonično z obstoječimi funkcijami, npr. integrirana razstavna dejavnost, integriran digitalni repozitorij, integrirane storitvene točke, vendar naj globlje organizacijske plasti obdržijo obstoječi format zbirke in institucionalno integriteto. V nadaljevanju smo podali pregled KAM sodelovanj v slovenski strokovni literaturi ter ga osvetlili z različnih vidikov, ki smo jih zaznali. Izpostavili smo vidik upravljanja zbirk, vidik digitalizacije ter splošni vidik, osvetlili zakonodajo, relevantno za dediščinske ustanove, ter uvedli razmislek o ustanovah KAM v javni sferi. Kot teoretični okvir smo vpeljali model organizacijskega učenja. Znotraj takšnega teoretičnega okvirja se KAM kažejo kot potencialni partnerji znotraj širšega omrežja dediščinskih institucij, ki si lahko izmenjujejo znanja in izkušnje s pomočjo visoke absorbcijske sposobnosti podobnih dediščinskih temeljnih znanj, vendar različnih specializacij vsake posamezne discipline, in s skupnim sistemskim mišljenjem ter podpiranjem pri dinamičnem prilagajanju kompetenc glede na spremembe družbenih okoliščin, ki na vse partnerje v omrežju relativno podobno učinkujejo. Pri vzpostavljanju teoretskega okvirja nas je zanimal predvsem družbeni in organizacijski vidik KAM kot javnega prostora, ne pa informacijski vidik. Čeprav digitalne tehnologije v marsičem olajšujejo dostop do sodelovanja, obenem tudi zameglijo jasen pregled, kako KAM ustanove konstruirajo in ustvarjajo konvergence znotraj fizičnega dediščinskega okolja. Sledili smo priporočilu, da niso tehnološki sistemi tisti, ki ustvarjajo konvergence, temveč ljudje, ki konvergirajo svoje miselne sisteme in posledično organizacijske vrednote. Skladno s to predpostavko smo v okviru različnih študij primera ustreznih KAM entitet in s pomočjo intervjujev kompetentnih KAM strokovnjakov raziskovali potencialne možnosti sodelovanj KAM v Sloveniji. Pri oblikovanju raziskovalnih vprašanj smo izhajali iz predpostavke, da KAM na načelni ravni prepoznavajo potrebnost ali celo nujnost večjega medsebojnega sodelovanja zlasti na področju kulturne dediščine, kar bi v Sloveniji pomenilo preseganje dosedanjih okvirov, kakor jih zastavlja zakonodaja. Izhajajoč iz temeljnega raziskovalnega problema smo oblikovali dve ključni raziskovalni vprašanji, eno ustreza spoznavno-teoretskemu vidiku disertacije, drugo pa aplikativnemu: analizirati obstoječe stanje sodelovanja KAM ustanov v Sloveniji na področju kulturne dediščine glede na teoretsko že opredeljeni petfazni sodelovalni kontinuum ter ugotoviti, katere so potencialno najbolj primerne možnosti oziroma oblike sodelovanja KAM v Sloveniji na področju kulturne dediščine. Raziskovalno delo smo natančneje opredelili z razčlenjujočimi vprašanji, ki podpirajo prvi dve s prispevanjem specifičnih, delnih odgovorov. Opredeliti, kakšne so potencialne koristi in potencialne pomanjkljivosti sodelovanja KAM na področju kulturne dediščine glede na specifičnosti slovenskega okolja, kako izkoristiti raznolikost potencialov, ko se pri sodelovanju na področju kulturne dediščine srečujejo multidisciplinarna znanja strokovnjakov KAM ustanov, kje vodstva izbranih ustanov vidijo razvojne možnosti konvergirane KAM ter v kolikšni meri so se knjižnice, arhivi in muzeji pripravljeni učiti drug od drugega. Izvedli smo raziskavo, h kateri so bila v prvem delu, od januarja do aprila 2022, povabljena vodstva vseh treh vrst ustanov, potekala pa je v obliki polstrukturiranega poglobljenega intervjuja. Teoretično smo raziskavo umestili v širši sociološki model javne sfere, ki omogoča razumevanje sprememb ali odpora do sprememb KAM kot javnega prostora, in ožje v teorijo organizacijskega učenja predvsem z vidika učenja med organizacijami na način absorbcijske sposobnosti ter sistemskega mišljenja, ter jo opremili s tipologijo stopenj sodelovanja na lestvici kolaboracijskega kontinuuma. Raziskave se je udeležilo 19 od 26 povabljenih oseb. V drugem delu smo izvedli študijo primera vsake od treh ustanov, Mestne knjižnice Ljubljana, Slovenskega šolskega muzeja in Zgodovinskega arhiva Ljubljana. Poudarek raziskave je bil na pregledu sodelovalnih praks med ustanovami v zadnjih petnajstih letih. Intervjuvanci imajo večinoma pozitivno mnenje o sodelovanju lastne ustanove z ostalima dvema disciplinama in izpostavljajo pozitivne učinke tovrstnih sodelovanj tudi v bodoče. Raziskava pokaže, da sodelovanja KAM potekajo na relativno površinski ravni in ostajajo na začetnih stopnjah sodelovalnega kontinuuma. Skozi pogovore in raziskavo se izpostavljajo določene sistemske in konkretne ovire ter še neizkoriščene priložnosti predvsem na področju formalnega in neformalnega organizacijskega učenja in predlogov sistemskih spodbud odločevalcev. Raziskava predstavlja začetni impulz v relativno novi raziskovalni temi, ki posledično odpira številna nova vprašanja vsaj na področju izobraževanja kadrov, digitalnih vsebin in obdelave gradiv, česar se v pričujoči raziskavi ne lotevamo. V našem okolju je možnost KAM sodelovanj še relativno neznana, niti ni naklonjenosti vladnih politik v obliki morebitnih spodbud, denimo za povezovalne projekte, ki bi iniciativam poglobljene dediščinske dejavnosti na nivoju skupne KAM omogočala pridobitev dodatnih sredstev ali nudila drugo ustrezno obliko podpore. S pričujočo disertacijo želimo nasloviti ugotovljeno vrzel med slovensko (sicer še v povojih) prakso in tujo teorijo in prakso KAM sodelovanj, pri čemer se nam kot torišče oz. presečna množica knjižnic, arhivov in muzejev kaže zlasti koncept kulturne dediščine kot ključni povezovalni element, ki tvori koncept t. i. dediščinskih institucij. Sicer pa gre za raziskovalno ambicijo, ki se giblje na področju več plasti znotraj vsake institucije in jo označuje multidisciplinarnost ne le med tremi KAM entitetami, temveč tudi širše, med različnimi vedami. Ne predlagamo izgube samostojnosti katerekoli od KAM ustanov v Sloveniji, nekatera strokovna področja so si samostojnost celo relativno nedavno priborila, v zakonodajnem in organizacijskem okviru, ki smo ga v Sloveniji izgradili, tak pristop ne bi obrodil pozitivnih rezultatov. Smiselni pa so razmisleki o drugih možnostih, ki se znotraj že omenjenega sodelovalnega kontinuuma še odpirajo, saj lahko ugotovimo, da sta soroden značaj KAM in vsem trem skupna presečna množica zbiranja, ohranjanja in posredovanja kulturne dediščine že sama po sebi privedla do marsikaterih spontanih povezav in sodelovanj. Cultural heritage is seen as the shared intersection of heritage institutions, libraries, archives and museums (LAM). The theme of linking these institutions has long been a hot topic abroad, driven by various social changes, as well as by administrative and financial trends and cultural policy decisions. In the last ten years, discussions have become more continuous and focused, partly due to the establishment of some government mechanisms for financing and managing cultural heritage resources in the USA, Great Britain and Australia, which have significantly stimulated LAM cooperation. In Slovenia, we have no such inter-institutional connections, as each of the LAM institutions is restricted to its own separate frameworks, which is illustrated by a cursory review of the basic legislation governing each individual area. Nevertheless, a quick review of the ideas of development or the aspirations of individual LAM disciplines shows that all three reflect similar tendencies with which they respond to the perceived needs of society. Their awareness of the importance for the community comes to the forefront, as well as perhaps the fear that individual LAMs would not establish their role in society. Similar visions of development, as set by museologists, can also be found in the current theoretical principles of public libraries, which are increasingly focusing on the user and the well-being of the local community, which reflects the proactive library program in the local environment. Archives are also increasingly considering the user aspect of operating. Cultural heritage functions as one of the tools for solving the current social situation, and museums as fundamental heritage institutions (the same can be said for libraries and archives) are largely holding the role of social catalysts that shape society and democratize it. Despite increasingly similar goals, domestic LAM institutions remain completely confined to their own separate "silos", which are already being surpassed abroad under various influences and at different levels, and this in sufficiently diverse ranges that the need for a more weighty distinction between collaborative processes has arisen in theoretical discussions. With the help of the theoretical model of the cooperative continuum, a more precise distinction between many disparate aspects of cooperation (from contact, through cooperation, coordination, collaboration to convergence) is possible, since the term »cooperation« is often used in an overly vague and inconsistent way. In this dissertation, we provided an overview of selected foreign sources and identified two main models of LAM connections, which we called the Anglo-Saxon and the European concept, and highlighted their main characteristics. The intensive merging of LAM in the manner of inter-institutional fusion in those environments abroad, where such practices have been determined at the level of cultural policies, does not necessarily have exclusively positive effects, in fact it can even lead to the curtailment of one of the professional disciplines or the impoverishment of one of the individual components of their operation. It follows from these findings that it is necessary to preserve the independent cores of individual disciplines, but in certain individual segments of their operation and organization they can consensually connect with each other or even completely unify, either in order to reduce costs, optimize personnel resources or simply offer a better service. The beneficial effects of integration can be hidden in a layer of added value that works harmoniously with existing functions, such as integrated exhibition activity, integrated digital repository and integrated service points. However, the deeper organizational layers should ideally still retain the existing collection format and institutional integrity. In the following, we gave an overview of LAM collaborations in domestic professional literature and illuminated it from several various aspects that we perceived. We highlighted the aspect of collection management, the aspect of digitization and the general aspect, we shed light on the legislation, relevant to heritage institutions, and introduced a reflection on LAM institutions in the public sphere. We introduced the organizational learning model as a theoretical framework. Within such a theoretical framework, LAMs appear as potential partners within a wider network of heritage institutions. A such they can which can exchange knowledge and experience with the help of a high absorption capacity of similar fundamental heritage knowledge, however with different specializations of each individual discipline. They also achieve this with common systemic thinking and support in dynamic competence adaptation in regards to the changes in social circumstances that have a relatively similar effect on all partners in the network. When establishing the theoretical framework, we were primarily interested in the social and organizational aspect of LAM as a public space, but not the informational aspect. Although digital technologies in many ways facilitate access to participation, they also obscure a clear overview of how LAM institutions construct and create convergences within the physical heritage environment. We followed the recommendation that it is not the technological systems that create convergences, but rather the people who converge their thinking systems and consequently organizational values. In accordance with this assumption, within the framework of various case studies of relevant LAM entities and with the help of semi-structured in-depth interviews of competent LAM experts, we explored the potential possibilities of LAM cooperation in Slovenia. When formulating the research questions, we started from the assumption that LAMs recognize the benefit or even the necessity of greater mutual cooperation, especially in the field of cultural heritage, which in Slovenia would mean going beyond the existing frameworks as set by the legislation. Starting from the fundamental research problem, we formulated two key research questions, one corresponding to the cognitive-theoretical aspect of the dissertation, and the other to the applicative one: to analyze the current state of cooperation of LAM institutions in Slovenia in the field of cultural heritage according to the theoretically defined five-phase collaborative continuum, and to determine which are potentially the most suitable possibilities or forms of cooperation of LAM in Slovenia in the field of cultural heritage. We further defined the research work with discursive questions that support the first two questions by contributing specific, partial answers. To determine what are the potential benefits and potential disadvantages of the LAM cooperation in the field of cultural heritage in relation to the specificities of the Slovenian environment, how to take advantage of the diversity of potentials when the multidisciplinary knowledge of the experts of the LAM institutions meets in cooperation in the field of cultural heritage, where the managements of the selected institutions see the development possibilities of the converged LAM and to what extent libraries, archives and museums are willing to learn from each other. A survey was carried out, in which the management of all three types of institutions from January to April 2022 where invited to take part in the form of a semi-structured in-depth interview. Theoretically, the survey was situated within a broader sociological model of the public sphere that allows for understanding change or resistance to change in libraries, archives and museums as public spaces, and more narrowly within the theory of organisational learning, especially in terms of learning between organisations in the manner of absorptive capacity and systems thinking, and equipped with a typology of levels of collaboration on the scale of a collaborative continuum. Of the 26 invited, 19 persons took part in the survey. In the second phase, we conducted a case study of each of the three institutions, the Ljubljana City Library, the Slovenian School Museum and the Ljubljana Historical Archive. The focus of the research was on the review of collaborative practices between institutions over the past fifteen years. The interviewees were mostly positive about their own institution's collaboration with the other two disciplines and highlighted the positive effects of such collaborations in the future. The survey showed that cooperation between libraries, archives and museums is relatively superficial and remains at the early stages of the cooperation continuum. Through the interviews and research, certain systemic and concrete barriers and untapped opportunities were highlighted, especially in the field of formal and informal organizational learning and proposals for systemic incentives for decision-makers. The survey represents an initial impulse into a relatively new research topic, which consequently raises a number of new questions, at least in the field of staff training, digital content and materials processing, which are not addressed in the present study. The possibility of collaboration between libraries, archives and museums is still relatively unknown in Slovenia, and there is no government policy support in the form of possible incentives for e.g. networking projects, which would enable initiatives for in-depth heritage activities at the level of shared libraries, archives and museums to obtain additional funding or offer other appropriate forms of support. With this dissertation, we want to address the identified gap between domestic (albeit still in its infancy) practice and foreign theory and practice of LAM collaborations. The cross-sectional multitude of libraries, archives and museums shows, in particular, the concept of cultural heritage as a key unifying element that forms the concept of the so-called heritage institutions. Otherwise, it is a research ambition that moves through several layers within each institution and is characterized by multidisciplinarity - not only between the three LAM entities, but also more broadly, between different sciences. In Slovenian cultural space, we do not propose the loss of independence of any of the LAM institutions, as some professional areas have even gained independence relatively recently. In the legislative and organizational framework that we have built in Slovenia, such an approach would not yield positive results. However, it makes sense to reflect on other possibilities that are still open within the aforementioned collaborative continuum, as we can conclude that the related character of LAM and the cross-sectional set of collection, preservation and transmission of cultural heritage, common to all three, has in itself led to many spontaneous connections and collaborations.

This presentation reports on a case study investigating how Natural Language Processing technologies can support the measurement and evaluation of gender biased language in archival catalogs. Working with English descriptions from the catalog metadata of the University of Edinburgh’s Archives, we created an annotated dataset and classification models that identify types of gender biases in the descriptions. Though conducted with archival data, the case study holds relevance across Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums (GLAM), particularly for institutions with catalog descriptions written in English. In addition to bringing Natural Language Processing methods to Archives, we identified opportunities to bring Archival Science methods, such as Cultural Humility (Tai, 2021) and Feminist Standpoint Appraisal (Caswell, 2022), to Natural Language Processing. Through this two-way disciplinary exchange, we demonstrate how Humanistic approaches to bias and uncertainty can upend legacies of gender-based oppression that most computational approaches to date uphold when working with data at scale.

Le VIH/sida atteint les corps et les entourages des hommes cisgenres gays, qui sont les plus fortement touchés, mais il affecte également les personnes trans et non-binaires et les femmes cisgenres, que celleux-ci soient hétérosexuel·les, bi·es, gai·es ou lesbiennes. Les femmes, en particulier celles qui s’inscrivent dans un cadre relationnel hétérosexuel, sont touchées par le sida dès les débuts de l’épidémie. Pendant plus de dix ans, elles sont totalement invisibilisées dans la maladie en é...

L’histoire des créatrices dans la bande dessinée française est méconnue, voire inconnue. On ignore l’héritage qu’elles ont laissé dans une industrie dont le canon est construit par les noms d’un groupe des dessinateurs. En 2005, l’association Mnémosyne plaidait pour initier le chantier de la recherche sur l’histoire du genre et de la BD. Depuis, peu sont les études qui ont été développées. Dans ce contexte, cet article s’intéresse aux legs des créatrices de BD et aux sources à potentiel historique qui peuvent initier de nouveaux chantiers de recherche. Cette réflexion émane d’un travail par échantillonnage théorique (théorie enracinée), qui articule des méthodes mixtes (observation participante, entretiens et travail sur archives) aux épistémologies féministes. Dans un premier temps, cet article présente des pistes pour faire une archéologie des femmes dans la BD. La deuxième partie présente ensuite l’évolution de ces créatrices en France, et leur quête de reconnaissance. Enfin, la troisième partie montre la nécessité de la pratique de l’archive pour penser et consolider l’héritage des femmes dans le neuvième art. The history of women cartoonists in France is little known, if not unknown. The legacy left by these women in an industry whose canon is built by the names of a group of cartoonists is ignored. In 2005, the Mnémosyne association argued in favor of initiating research into the history of gender and the comic industry. Since then, few studies have been developed. In this context, this article focuses on the legacies of female comics creators and on sources with historical potential that can initiate new research projects. This reflection stems from a theoretical sampling (grounded theory), which articulates mixed methods (participant observation, interviews and archival work) with feminist epistemology. Firstly, this article presents some avenues for an archaeology of women in comics. The second part focuses on the evolution of these women creators in France and their quest for recognition. Finally, the third part shows the necessity of the practice of the archive to think and consolidate the legacy of women in the ninth art.

International audience; How do we talk about confinement? What words and phrases do we use? Who do we declare responsible for the decision to call a lockdown that confines us to our homes and severely restricts our movements? What kind of traces will we keep to remember this period by in the future? This article presents the research project and collaborative challenge “Windows on Confinement” is to systematically take photos of the messages that we observe in the public space, in shop-windows, or on public buildings, during the brief outings we are allowed, and then share them on social networks (#WindowsInLockdown) or on a collaborative platform.; Comment parlons-nous du confinement ? Avec quels mots et quelles phrases ? Qui nommons nous comme responsables de la décision de confinement qui nous contraint à rester chez nous et à limiter le plus possible nos déplacements ? Quels documents garderons-nous pour témoigner de cette période dans le futur ? Cet article présente le projet de recherche et défi collaboratif « Nos vitrines parlent à l’heure du confinement » qui constituait lors des brèves sorties autorisées, à prendre de manière la plus systématique possible des photographies en gros plan et en mode paysage des messages apposés par les commerçants dans leurs vitrines, par les responsables de lieux publics non-commerçants sur leurs façades ou par les citoyens sur leurs fenêtres privées et de les partager sur les réseaux sociaux ou sur une plateforme collaborative dédiée.

Fondé sur l’expérience personnelle de l’autrice, cet article revient sur la Fondation pour la mémoire de la Guerre d’Algérie, des combats au Maroc et en Tunisie, la déclaration de reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans la disparition de Maurice Audin et la dénonciation de l’IGI (Instruction générale interministérielle) 1300 imposant la déclassification des documents « secrets » avant leur communication, au mépris de la loi sur les archives. Il démontre ainsi la résistance qu’offrent les libertés académiques aux interventions étatiques pesant ou tentant de peser sur l’écriture de l’histoire de la Guerre d’indépendance algérienne et l’accès aux archives, en France. Based on the personal experience of the author, this article presents the way the French State tries to interfere in the writing of history of the Algerian War of Independence and the access to the archives: the Foundation for the memory of the Algerian War, the combats in Morocco and Tunisia; the declaration of state responsibility in the disappearance of Maurice Audin; the denunciation of the IGI (General Interministerial Instruction) 1300 imposing the declassification of “secret” documents, despite the law on archives. In that context, academic freedoms appear to offer strong resistances against these interventions.

L’article se propose d’interroger, dans une perspective historique (des années 1970 à aujourd’hui), le lien entre innovations technologiques et pratique archivistique : quelles normes archivistiques, les innovations technologiques ont-elles produites ? Les années 1970 sont marquées, en France, par une foisonnante réflexion des professionnels des archives qui s’inscrit dans un paysage technologique en plein mutation. Les archivistes se trouvent alors confrontés à une situation inédite : les masses d’archives sont sans commune mesure avec celles produites précédemment par l’administration. Avec la mise en données plus récente des activités administratives, les volumes de données créés et donc à archiver sont de nouveau sans commune mesure. Les questionnements actuels des archivistes trouvent-ils écho dans ceux de leurs prédécesseurs ? Les réponses apportées sont-elles les mêmes ? Quelles sont les questions persistantes ? Quels sont les invariants ? Le numérique est-il de nature à créer une rupture dans la pratique archivistique telle qu’elle est née des innovations technologies des décennies précédentes ? Le numérique introduit-il un nouveau paradigme dans la pratique archivistique The article proposes to question, in a historical perspective (from the 1970s to the present), the link between technological innovations and archival practice: what archival standards have technological innovations produced? The 1970’s are marked, in France, by an abundant reflection on archival pratice. This reflection is part of a technological landscape in full mutation. Archivists were then confronted with an unprecedented situation: the masses of archives were out of all proportion to those previously produced by the administration. Recently, with digitalization, the volumes of data created and therefore to be archived are again without common measure. Do the current questions of the archivists find echo in those of their predecessors? Are the answers the same? What are the persistent questions? What are the invariants? Is digital technology likely to create a rupture in archival practice as it was born of the technological innovations of previous decades? Does digital technology introduce a new paradigm in archival practice?

Cette thèse a obtenu, en 2022, le prix de la thèse de doctorat de la Société française d’histoire urbaine (SFHU). Le XIXe siècle est un moment clé dans l'histoire d'Alger, dans la définition des orientations urbanistiques et architecturales sous domination coloniale et dans l’instauration d'un nouvel idéal esthétique. La capitulation du Dey Hussayn et la réquisition des biens du Beylik (le domaine de l’État) par les troupes françaises, constituent des épisodes fondateurs pour l’histoire urbai...

Este artículo reflexiona sobre las relaciones entre el campo de la historia del tiempo presente y los mecanismos transicionales que realizaron narraciones sobre el pasado reciente de los periodos de violencias. Se analizan cuatro comisiones en México y Colombia que, si bien compartieron su objeto de estudio, tuvieron características diferentes. Para ello se compara la composición de las comisiones, sus archivos, los periodos de estudio y las metodologías utilizadas, y su impacto en el desarrollo de la historia del tiempo presente. Cet article réfléchit sur les relations entre le champ de l’histoire du temps présent et les mécanismes de transition qui ont proposé des récits sur le passé récent des périodes de violence. Quatre commissions au Mexique et en Colombie sont analysées qui, bien qu’elles aient partagé leur objet d’étude, avaient des caractéristiques différentes. À cette fin, sont comparés la composition des commissions, leurs archives, les périodes d’étude et les méthodologies utilisées, ainsi que leur impact sur le développement de l’histoire du temps présent. This article deals with relations between history of the present’s field and transitional mechanisms that produced narrations about recent past in periods of violence. Four commisions in Mexico and Colombia that, even if they shared the study’s object, presented different characteristics. In order to do this, we’ve compared the commisions’ composition, their archives, the periods included in the studies and the methods employed, and their influence in the development of history of the present.

Identifying the early modern members of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem remains difficult due to the lack of an online database or any other search tool including the members of the Order from each of the Langues. This situation is compounded by the diverse languages, naming traditions, and by the repeated use of first names and family names by successive generations in aristocratic families. To overcome this challenge when cataloging archival material, the Malta Study Center has adopted the Resource Description and Access (RDA) standards to catalogue the collections that have been microfilmed or digitized by the Malta Study Center since 1973. The use of authority files for personal and family names in modern databases, such as the HMML Reading Room, will provide researchers with advanced metadata resources to find members of the Order across different libraries and archives. L’identification des membres de l’ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem de l’époque moderne est difficile, en raison de l’absence d’une base de données en ligne ou d’un autre instrument de recherche qui inclut les membres de l’Ordre dans chacune des Langues. Cette situation est aggravée par la diversité des Langues, des traditions de dénomination et de l’utilisation répétée des prénoms et noms par les membres des familles nobles au fil des générations. Pour surmonter cette difficulté lors du catalogage des documents d’archives, le Malta Study Center a adopté les normes RDA (Resource Description and Access) lors du catalogage des collections microfilmées ou numérisées par le Malta Study Center depuis 1973. L’utilisation de fichiers d’autorité pour les noms de personnes et de familles dans les bases de données modernes, telles que la salle de lecture du HMML, permettra aux chercheurs de disposer de ressources de métadonnées avancées pour trouver des membres de l’Ordre dans différentes bibliothèques et archives.

The William A. Bradley Literary Agency Records help trace the careers of William and Jenny Bradley, two intermediaries in the cultural exchanges between France and the United States in the twentieth century. The archive offers privileged access to an array of transatlantic negotiations in the interwar period and post-Second World War era. This article first aims at including the two agents into the communications circuit relevant to book history that unfolds from writer to editor and on to reader, at a time when the book industry became more international. The article then unveils the sociability rooted in the agents’ participation in the world of Parisian salons and in the building of literary and intellectual relationships in the transnational space of Paris. Ultimately, the article argues that the Bradleys’ lifework articulates cultures in ways that defy the simplified vision of a unidirectional flux in what has been suggested to be an “American Century” of influence and cultural domination. In sum, an interest in intermediation and a transnational approach bring together considerations over the professional contributions of the French-American literary agents and observations about little-known makers of cultural processes. This article draws from the manuscript of Deux agents littéraires dans le siècle américain : William et Jenny Bradley, passeurs culturels transatlantiques (Cossu-Beaumont, 2023) and hopefully serves to shed light on the journeys of William and Jenny Bradley as Atlantic passeurs. Les archives de l’agence littéraire William A. Bradley permettent de retracer la carrière de William et Jenny Bradley, deux intermédiaires dans les échanges culturels franco-américains et offrent un accès privilégié à de multiples transactions transatlantiques dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cet article vise en premier lieu à insérer ces deux agents littéraires dans le « circuit de communication » auquel s’intéresse l’histoire du livre et qui se déploie de l’auteur à l’éditeur puis au lecteur, tout particulièrement dans cette période d’internationalisation du marché du livre. Puis les développements se tournent vers les sociabilités liées à la participation des deux agents littéraires au monde des salons parisiens et analysent la construction de relations littéraires et intellectuelles dans un espace parisien vu comme transnational. Enfin, l’articulation des cultures au cœur du métier des agents littéraires vient nuancer la vision d’un « siècle américain » et d’une culture dominante qui s’impose de manière unilatérale pour observer des routes plus complexes d’une circulation à double sens. Cet article tire ses exemples et conclusions de l’ouvrage à paraître William et Jenny Bradley, agents littéraires : passeurs culturels et traversées transatlantiques dans le siècle américain (Cossu-Beaumont, 2023) et cherche à éclairer les trajectoires de William et Jenny Bradley comme passeurs culturels.

NAHAN (North African Heritage Archives Network) est un réseau d’institutions européennes et nord-africaines possédant des documents d’archives sur le patrimoine et les sites archéologiques d’Afrique du Nord. Sous l’égide de l’ICCROM (International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property), son objectif est de mettre en place une plateforme web multilingue en accès libre pour rassembler virtuellement et ainsi valoriser, de façon centralisée et mutualisée, des fonds d'archives nativement numériques ou numérisés, conservés par chaque institution.La plateforme, élaborée en partenariat entre le laboratoire AOROC et le CCJ, n'a pas vocation à constituer un lieu de stockage des documents ni à se substituer aux bases de données déjà en place localement : il s'agira d’un service de moissonnage et d'accès commun à des jeux de données et de métadonnées, au départ de différents serveurs et entrepôts gérés par les institutions, souvent préexistants au projet. Face à l'inévitable hétérogénéité des systèmes et modes d'indexation, l'un des enjeux majeurs est de réussir la normalisation des ressources exposées sur la plateforme NAHAN, pour garantir la qualité d'interrogation, de consultation et de réutilisation, conformément aux principes FAIR.Un autre objectif pour cette plateforme est de valoriser les fonds et les structures dont ils sont issus. D'abord en facilitant l'exposition sur le web d'archives déjà publiées ou inédites, via une infrastructure numérique clé-en-main. Ensuite, en permettant aux institutions de demeurer responsables des données dont elles sont dépositaires dans NAHAN (en termes de propriété intellectuelle, de gestion des droits et de qualité des contenus) et en renvoyant vers la source primaire des documents.

The tutorial provides a practical introduction to Transkribus, a comprehensive platform for the digitisation, AI-powered text recognition, transcription and searching of historical documents. The participants will learn how to run the layout analysis (also for tables and complex layouts) and train and apply Handwritten Text Recognition AI-models to automatically generate machine-readable transcriptions of images of text. In the end, they will have a general understanding of the potential of Handwritten Text Recognition to open new research questions and how Transkribus can be used to collaborate, involve volunteers and teach in DH and History classes.

In Digital Humanities "Distant Listening" scholarship with sound, the expectation is that the data set will be clean and audible and that its metadata will be descriptive and informative.[1] In contrast to this notion, this talk demonstrates the importance of distortions in approximately seventy-five brief "tracks" or recorded songs, stories, and explanations from a folklore recording trip Zora Neale Hurston took in 1935 to Florida and Georgia with Alan Lomax and Mary Elizabeth Barnicle for the Library of Congress. Close listening to her 1935 recordings reveals that social and technical distortions are in line with how Hurston expresses the complexities of authority, authenticity, and subjectivity in her writings, which amplifying black epistemologies of self-making and creating resonant possibilities for imagining new transgressive formulations of cultural identity. This talk will consider how distortions play an important in large-scale digital projects with sound in the humanities.

This presentation reports on a case study investigating how NaturalLanguage Processing, a field that applies computational methodssuch as Machine Learning to human-written texts, can supportthe measurement and evaluation of gender biased languagein archival catalogs. Working with English descriptions from thecatalog metadata of the University of Edinburgh’s Archives, wecreated an annotated dataset and classification models that identifygender biases in the descriptions. Conducted with archival data,the case study holds relevance across Galleries, Libraries, Archives,and Museums (GLAM), particularly for institutions withcatalog descriptions in English. In addition to bringing NaturalLanguage Processing (NLP) methods to Archives, we identifiedopportunities to bring Archival Science methods, such as CulturalHumility (Tai, 2021) and Feminist Standpoint Appraisal (Caswell,2022), to NLP. Through this two-way disciplinary exchange,we demonstrate how Humanistic approaches to bias and uncertaintycan upend legacies of gender-based oppression that mostcomputational approaches to date uphold when working with dataat scale.

Inaugurated in 2022, the CANEVAS consortium brings together researchers from various humanities disciplines whose common interest is to handle video corpora in their research. This poster present specific issues raised by these corpora as well as a selection of tools and methods identified by the Canevas research community.

This workshop will help participants make audio, video, and its interpretations more discoverable and usable through the use of the IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework) standard for audio and video to produce, publish, and sustain W3C Web Annotations for individual and collaborative audiovisual editions, exhibits, and playlists. The workshop format will include introductions to IIIF, AudiAnnotate, Audacity, and GitHub using model, collaborative AudiAnnotate projects called the "SpokenWeb Anthology," made from recordings from the SpokenWeb Consortium and "Radio Venceremos, the Rebel's Radio Station," which features recordings from Radio Venceremos ("Radio We Will Overcome"), a popular, clandestine radio station that the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) created to broadcast news and analysis from the mountains of Morazán, El Salvador during the eleven year Salvadoran Civil War (1981-1992).

Présentation donnée dans le cadre des webinaires de formation "IIIF pour la mise en ligne des archives numérisées" à destination du réseau des services d'archives français (deuxième trimestre 2023)., Ce travail a bénéficié d'une aide de l'État gérée par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche au titre du programme d'Investissements d'avenir intégré à France 2030 portant la référence ANR-21- ESRE-0005 (Biblissima+).

International audience; Avec près de 20 000 feuillets numérisés et mis en ligne, la plateforme Eman a permis au projet Foucault fiches de lecture de diffuser très largement le fonds Foucault de la BnF : En nous appuyant sur quelques fiches des années 1950 traitant de la psychopathologie, nous vous montrerons comment naviguer à travers ce corpus conséquent afin de mieux appréhender le travail du philosophe.

Historiallisista, Suomen ja Viron kansallisvaltioiden syntyyn liittyvistä syistä johtuen itämerensuomalaista runolaulua (viroksi regilaul) eli niin kutsuttua kalevalamittaista kansanrunoutta on tallennettu, arkistoitu, järjestetty ja digitoitukin poikkeuksellisen paljon. Virolaisessa ERAB-korpuksessa ja suomalaisissa SKVR- ja JR-korpuksissa on tällä hetkellä 283 206 pääosin runolauluun liittyvää tekstiä viron (sis. seto), karjalan, lyydin, inkeroisen, vatjan ja suomen kielillä. Tässä artikkelissa analysoimme näiden korpusten määrällisiä perusominaisuuksia. Luomme ensin yleiskuvaa aineistojen järjestely- ja digitointihistoriasta ja kerromme, miten olemme FILTER-hankkeessa käsitelleet sähköisiä korpuksia. Sitten tarkastelemme aineiston ja tallennushistorian luonteeseen liittyviä määrällisiä perusominaisuuksia ja lopuksi työn aikana paljastuneita aineiston ja sen metatietojen ongelmakohtia, joista on hyvä olla tietoinen myös laadullista tutkimusta tehtäessä. Itämerensuomalaisen runolaulun sähköisessä muodossa oleva lähdeaineisto ei ole tasaista, kaikilta osiltaan systemaattista tai kattavaa, ja siinä on yllättäviäkin historian eri vaiheissa syntyneitä painotuksia ja ongelmia. Monet näistä ovat tiedossa aiemman tutkimuksen pohjalta, mutta laskennalliset menetelmät luovat aineistoon myös uusia näkökulmia. Samaan aikaan aineiston ongelmat vääristävät helposti erilaisia laskentoja, visualisointeja ja tulkintoja. Onkin tärkeää, että tutkijat myös sähköisiä välineitä käyttäessään lukevat yksittäisiä tekstejä, suhtautuvat aineiston metatietoihin varauksella ja osaavat tarvittaessa hakeutua alkuperäisten muistiinpanojen tai laajemman arkistoaineiston pariin., For historical reasons relating to the building of the Finnish and Estonian nations, Finnic oral poetry has been recorded, archived, curated and digitised in exceptional amounts. A similar poetic system was in use in Estonian, Votic, Ingrian, Karelian, Lydic, and Finnish. Altogether, there are currently 283,206 Finnic texts available in digital form in the Estonian and Finnish corpora (ERAB, SKVR, JR). In this article, we analyse the basic quantitative characteristics of these corpora. We first create an overview of the history of curating, organising and digitising Finnic oral poetry and explain how we have managed these datasets in the FILTER project. We then look at the basic quantitative characteristics of the dataset, especially those relating to recording history. Finally, we explain some data and metadata issues we have identified during the work of merging the datasets into one database and exploring it. Some of these are issues that need to be taken into account also when conducting qualitative research. The historical archival data of Finnic oral poetry is uneven and biased in various ways. Computational views – and expert close readings of these – reveal some new perspectives on the characteristics and problematics of the data. Yet, if not taken into account properly, these very same issues also easily distort computations, visualisations and interpretations. Thus, it is necessary that, even when creating computational and quantitative perspectives, the researchers also know their data, read the texts, and are cautious with the metadata, remembering to consult previous manual research, original manuscripts and wider archival collections when needed.

Cet article porte la focale sur l’introduction de logiciels métier dans le monde des archives publiques. L’acceptation inégale de cet outil par les archivistes conduit à une réflexion sur l’implication des utilisateurs dans les processus de conception et d’ajustement du logiciel métier. Réinsérer le projet de logiciel métier et son déploiement dans un système de valeurs et une organisation permet de repérer des éléments d’explicitation à l’intégration globalement inaboutie de l’outil. Si le processus d’introduction du logiciel métier témoigne d’une culture organisationnelle peu participative, la dimension technologique de l’outil – de par les compétences qu’elle requiert – accentue la relégation des agent∙e·s des sphères de définition des procédés de travail. L’exploration tend à montrer une reconfiguration formelle du rôle occupé par chacun dans la définition des dispositifs de travail plutôt qu’une transformation des rapports de force qui serait induite par le logiciel métier. This article deals with the insertion of professional software in the professional world of Public archives. Due to the unequal acceptance of business software, we propose a reflection on the way in which professionals are involved in the process of building the tool. In this perspective, we have endeavored to reintegrate business software into an organizational system and a universe of values. The study shows that the departmental archives services are historically not very open to the participation of subordinate agents; the technical skills needed to set up and adjust business software reinforce the exclusion of agents. The analysis tends to show an evolution of the content of the roles of each rather than a transformation of the balance of power within the collective.

Cet article donne une vue d’ensemble des développements récents dans la littérature en langue turque sur l’histoire de la migration ottomane tardive au cours des deux dernières décennies. Mettant en évidence un regain d’intérêt académique pour la migration et la mobilité en Turquie, il se concentre sur la résurgence d’études savantes sur l’histoire de la migration ottomane tardive. Il souligne l’importance des développements académiques et institutionnels, ainsi que du contexte sociopolitique, pour expliquer le nouveau dynamisme de la recherche historique sur les migrations ottomanes. Il fait ensuite une brève évaluation des limites et des défis de ces études ainsi que des pistes de recherche possibles dans l’historiographie des migrations ottomanes. This article gives an overview of the recent developments in the Turkish language literature on late Ottoman migration history throughout the last two decades. Highlighting a revival of academic interest on migration and mobility in Turkey, it focuses on the resurgence of scholarly studies on late Ottoman migration history. It underlines the significance of academic and institutional developments, as well as the sociopolitical context, in explaining the new dynamism in historical research on Ottoman migrations. It then makes a brief assessment of the limits and challenges of these studies as well as possible avenues for further research in Ottoman migration historiography.

Les « quartiers occidentaux » d’Ostie ont fait l’objet de divers travaux au cours des deux dernières décennies et de nouveaux projets sont en train de voir le jour. Cependant, aucun n’a encore tenté de comprendre le développement de la forme urbaine de ce secteur entre le IVe siècle av. J.-C. et le début du IIe siècle apr. J.-C. La présente étude propose une réflexion préliminaire sur la formation de ces quartiers et cherche à poser les fondements d’une étude de morphologie urbaine plus vaste. Cette enquête se fonde sur la documentation des fouilles menées dans la première moitié du XXe siècle, qui reste souvent inédite, et sur les résultats des fouilles plus récentes menées sous le Tempio dei Fabri Navales (III, ii, 1-2) et la Schola del Traiano (IV, v, 15-16). The "western districts” of Ostia have been the subject of various works over the last two decades and new projects are emerging. So far, however, no attempt has been made to understand the development of the urban form of this area between the 4th century BC and the beginning of the 2nd century AD. The present study offers a preliminary research on the formation of these districts and lays the foundations for a broader study of urban morphology. The documentation of the excavations carried out in the first half of the 20th century, which often remains unpublished, and the results of the more recent excavations carried out beneath the Tempio dei Fabri Navales (III, ii, 1-2) and the Schola del Traiano (IV, v, 15-16) form the basis of this enquiry.

The SDSU Library has initiated several binational partnerships with cultural institutions in Mexico. The university's proximity to the international border and designation as an Hispanic-Serving Institution makes SDSU particularly well suited for cross border collaborations. The archives, located in Oaxaca and Tijuana, Mexico hope the partnerships with the SDSU Library will help to increase accessibility and raise awareness of their collections. SDSU hopes that by assisting with digitization and description we will help provide wider access to primary source materials, including materials in indigenous languages as well as photographs, maps and land use and ownership information. Work is currently underway in two archives and discussions about a third collaboration are ongoing. The presentation will be an up-to-the-minute look at the projects, what has been accomplished, what is yet to be done, and the challenges and opportunities of international collaborations

Throughout its nearly 100-year history, The Walt Disney Company has not only become a global corporation and household name, but also synonymous with entertainment itself. The company is a hub for stories that audiences associate with their childhoods, as well as content that caters to varying demographics across generations. Especially with a foundation that was strengthened during (and despite) the years of the Great Depression, it is evident that the studio was aware of the social context in which they were releasing their films, with stories that appealed to the sentiments of the time. The Disney library of films is a collection of stories known to emphasize inclusion and belonging, despite all odds. However, the regard with which public memory has attributed Disney to all things “good” has, over the years (and in recent history), been challenged as the social landscape regarding authentic inclusion continues to be in the spotlight. In this paper, I will address criticisms regarding the diversity of characters in two of Disney’s feature film adaptations ofThe Jungle Book(1967 and 2016).

Community-generated digital content (CGDC) is one of the UK's prime cultural assets. However, CGDC is currently 'critically endangered' due to technological and organisational barriers and has proven resistant to traditional methods of linking and integration. The challenge of integrating CGDC into larger archives has effectively silenced diverse community voices within our national collection. Our Heritage, Our Stories (OHOS), responds to these urgent challenges by bringing together cutting-edge approaches from cultural heritage, humanities, and computer science. Existing solutions to CGDC integration, involving bespoke interventionist activities, are expensive, time-consuming, and unsustainable at scale, while unsophisticated computational integration erases the meaning and purpose of both CGDC and its creators. Our approach is fundamentally different: our project is using innovative multidisciplinary methods, AI tools, and a co-design process to make previously unfindable and unlinkable CGDC discoverable in our virtual national collection.

The abstract published here gives anoutline of a presentation delivered at the DARIAH Annual Event 2023, held in Budapest. To anonymise the locations and individuals presented in this paper, characters and fictional locations from the BBC Radio 4 drama 'The Archers' are used in their place. &nbsp

Resumen Introducción: Cuba cuenta, en su hoja de servicio archivísticos, con una amplia legislatura en esta materia. Con sus aciertos, desaciertos, fortalezas y debilidades, a través de la historia patria, estas regulaciones han marcado de forma satisfactoria la archivística nacional. Metodología: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo sistematizar la historia de la legislación archivística cubana, con el objetivo de analizar las influencias de la misma en la estructuración de la historia archivística nacional. Para ello se empleó una metodología cuántica con el método principal el análisis documental y la técnica la revisión de documentos jurídicos. Se realiza con una amplia revisión bibliográfica y la profundización ende las normas jurídicas que hasta la fecha se conocen y que han regulado de alguna manera la actividad en Cuba. Resultados: se obtiene una sistematización y un correspondiente análisis teórico de las disposiciones que, en materia de Archivos, se han emitido en Cuba. Conclusiones: Esta investigación soluciona uno de los problemas actuales de la realidad archivística cubana, pues no se contaba con una sistematización que revelara las disposiciones jurídicas que se emitieron en el período 1559-2019 y su correspondiente periodización. El archipiélago cuenta con una importante tradición legislativa en materia de protección de los documentos y el funcionamiento de sus Archivos. Los temas archivísticos más aludidos en las disposiciones en la historia legislativa son: el acceso a los Archivos y la información contenida en los documentos y protección del documento. Abstract Introduction: Cuba has, in its record of archival service, with a wide legislature in this matter. With their successes, failures, strengths and weaknesses, throughout the country's history, these regulations have satisfactorily marked the national archives. Methodology: This study aims to systematize the history of Cuban archival legislation, with the aim of analyzing its influences on the structuring of the national archival history. For this, a quantum methodology was used with the main method being documentary analysis and the technique being the review of legal documents. It is carried out with an extensive bibliographic review and the deepening of the legal norms that are known to date and that have regulated in some way the activity in Cuba. Results: a systematization and a corresponding theoretical analysis of the provisions that, in terms of Archives, have been published in Cuba are obtained. Conclusions: This research solves one of the current problems of the Cuban archival reality, since there was no systematization that would reveal the legal provisions that were issued in the period 1559-2019 and their corresponding periodization. The archipelago has an important legislative tradition regarding the protection of documents and the operation of its Archives. The archival issues most alluded to in the provisions in the legislative history are: access to the Archives and the information contained in the documents and protection of the document.Keywords: Archival history, Cuban archival legislation, legal protection of documents, Archives Fecha de recibido: 13 jul. 2022Fecha de corregido: 12 oct, 2022Fecha de aceptado: 20 oct, 2022

International audience; This article deals with the insertion of professional software in the professional world of Public archives. Due to the unequal acceptance of business software, we propose a reflection on the way in which professionals are involved in the process of building the tool. In this perspective, we have endeavored to reintegrate business software into an organizational system and a universe of values. The study shows that the departmental archives services are historically not very open to the participation of subordinate agents; the technical skills needed to set up and adjust business software reinforce the exclusion of agents. The analysis tends to show an evolution of the content of the roles of each rather than a transformation of the balance of power within the collective.; Cet article porte la focale sur l'introduction de logiciels métier dans le monde des archives publiques. L'acceptation inégale de cet outil par les archivistes conduit à une réflexion sur l'implication des utilisateurs dans les processus de conception et d'ajustement du logiciel métier. Réinsérer le projet de logiciel métier et son déploiement dans un système de valeurs et une organisation permet de repérer des éléments d'explicitation à l'intégration globalement inaboutie de l'outil. Si le processus d'introduction du logiciel métier témoigne d'une culture organisationnelle peu participative, la dimension technologique de l'outil-de par les compétences qu'elle requiert-accentue la relégation des agent•e•s des sphères de définition des procédés de travail. L'exploration tend à montrer une reconfiguration formelle du rôle occupé par chacun dans la définition des dispositifs de travail plutôt qu'une transformation des rapports de force qui serait induite par le logiciel métier.

This special issue of Angles reflects on Scotland’s cultural heritage as an important national asset with a focus on cities. Instead of the country’s natural heritage, which is often favoured in analyses of Scotland’s past, the journal assesses its distinctive urban heritage and how this relates to issues of national identity. Taking a broad approach to Scotland’s urban heritage, the journal includes contributions on urban development, preservation, architecture, collective and public memory, and tourism as well as documentary film and literature spanning from the early modern period to the present. Ce numéro spécial d’Angles s’intéresse à la question du patrimoine culturel de l’Écosse en tant qu’atout national important, et porte l’attention sur les villes. Plutôt que de s’intéresser au patrimoine naturel du pays, lequel est souvent privilégié dans les études du passé de l’Écosse, ce numéro s’intéresse au patrimoine urbain, et à sa singularité, en lien avec les questions d’identité nationale. Privilégiant une approche large du patrimoine urbain en Écosse, ce numéro comprend des contributions portant sur le développement urbain, la conservation, l’architecture, la mémoire collective et publique, le tourisme ainsi que sur des films documentaires et des textes littéraires allant du début de la période moderne à nos jours.

An examination of how John Grierson’s contribution to the film The Heart of Scotland is reflected in his archive of personal papers, held in the University of Stirling Archives. I consider here also the value, importance, and fragility of personal archives. Nous proposons une analyse du film The Heart of Scotland au travers les archives de John Grierson, conservées aux archives de l’Université de Stirling. Nous considérons aussi la valeur, l’importance et la fragilité des archives personnelles.

U članku su prezentirani rezultati istraživanja o strukturi komentara sudionika e-savjetovanja o arhivskim propisima i planskim dokumentima u Hrvatskoj. Podatci su prikupljeni metodom kvantitativne analize sadržaja pojedinačnih izvješća o provedenim savjetovanjima od 2017. do 2020. godine dostupnih na portalu e-Savjetovanja i popratnih dokumenata. Nakon uvoda i opisa metodologije istraživanja, prezentirani su rezultati istraživanja te se o njima raspravlja. U obliku tabličnih i grafičkih prikaza prezentirani su podatci o statusu komentara (prihvaćeno, djelomično prihvaćeno, neprihvaćeno, primljeno na znanje, neodgovoreno) po pojedinom e-savjetovanju, te prema dvjema skupinama sudionika: stručna arhivska zajednica i stala zainteresirana javnost (prema broju i u postotku). Prihvaćeni i djelomično prihvaćeni komentari analizirani su i sadržajno te pritom razvrstani u dvije osnovne kategorije: tehnički i stručni komentari. S jedne strane, rezultati takve analize mogu se tumačiti kao pokazatelj stupnja kompetentnosti sudionika e-savjetovanja. S druge strane, može ih se smatrati važnim čimbenikom u objašnjavanju ishoda e-savjetovanja, tj. sklonosti zakonodavca da (ne)uvaži zaprimljene prijedloge., The Bulletin d’ archives from 2021 published the results of a survey onparticipants in public consultations (e-counsellings) on regulations and planningdocuments on public archival service in Croatia. The subject was suited for a complete elaboration, since in the period from 2017 to 2020 the competent Ministry of Culture (renamed in July 2020 into Ministry of Culture and Media) had carried out counsellings via the central internet portal on eight legal acts (two laws, five ordinances and one planning document). Apart from the new ordinance on registers and other official archival documentation that has yet to be regulated, this constitutes a comprehensive normative and planning framework of the public archival service. Inter alia, the results of that research indicated a rather low level of interest of the general public, as well as the professional archival community for the normative infrastructure of the public archival service. The lower turnout was put into context of influences of the e-counsellings that had so far taken place, regarding the formation of the final proposals of legal acts in terms of the level of acceptance of the sent suggestions (comments). Analysis of this segment, i.e. the status with which the comments were marked after the e-counsellings (accepted, partially accepted, not accepted, duly noted, unanswered) are presented in this paper. This seeks to encourage scientific interest in further research on this topic, especially within the ALM community (archives, libraries, museums). The results of the research show that the Ministry of Culture and Media, as the competent state administration institution, fully or partially accepted 79 or 19.1 % of the total of 412 sent comments. This percentage is slightly lower than the average percentage of accepted and partially acceptedcomments on e-counsellings at the state level (24 %). Analysis of the structure of comments by two groups of participants (professional archival community, general public) showed an equal share of accepted and partially accepted comments in the total number of comments submitted by each group (18.8 % of comments of the professional archival community and 20 % of comments of the general public). Accepted and partially accepted comments were also analysed according to their content and classified into two basic categories: technical and professional comments. The share of unaccepted comments turned out to be very high (201 comments or 48.8 %). Nevertheless, as a kind of incentive for participation on future e-counsellings, it should be noted that two thirds of the accepted comments are related to professional comments. Although modest in terms of number or percentage (53 comments or 13 % of the total of 412 comments sent to the analysed e-counsellings), this data still reflects the valuable contribution of participants in shaping the normative infrastructure of the archival service, i.e. respect for their competence by the legislator.

Website loading speed time matters when it comes to users’ engagement and conversion rate optimization. The websites of libraries, archives, and museums (LAMs) are not an exception to this assumption. In this research paper, we propose a methodological assessment schema to evaluate the LAMs webpages’ speed performance for a greater usability and navigability. The proposed methodology is composed of three different stages. First, the retrieval of the LAMs webpages’ speed data is taking place. A sample of 121 cases of LAMs worldwide has been collected using the PageSpeed Insights tool of Google for their mobile and desktop performance. In the second stage, a statistical reliability and validity analysis takes place to propose a speed performance measurement system whose metrics express an internal cohesion and consistency. One step further, in the third stage, several predictive regression models are developed to discover which of the involved metrics impact mostly the total speed score of mobile or desktop versions of the examined webpages. The proposed methodology and the study’s results could be helpful for LAMs administrators to set a data-driven framework of prioritization regarding the rectifications that need to be implemented for the optimized loading speed time of the webpages.

A significant amount of electronic documents have been produced as a result of the quick advancements in computer and network technology as well as the ongoing promotion of e-government, and the amount of material available in digital archives has significantly expanded. It is challenging for traditional archives focused on entity management to fulfil modern demands. It is essential to gradually encourage the creation of digital archives in order to meet the utilization needs of archival information resources in the information age. Many issues that are not favourable to the development and utilization of information resources of digital archives have gradually emerged in the course of the development and utilization of information resources of digital archives. These issues are influenced by a number of factors, including service concept and personnel information literacy. The related attributes of information resources are sorted and processed using the ID3 algorithm in this study. Decision-making attributes of management techniques are identified, and the data mining Apriori algorithm is used to address the issue of increasing the retrieval speed of users of digital archives. When the new software system is finished, archive resources can be developed and used in a complete and practical way, increasing the utilization efficiency of archive information resources by 37.32 percent. As a result, it is possible to fully exploit the information resources of the digital archives, further appreciate their value, and ensure their long-term growth.

[I] want to single out one phenomenon that could be called the 'politics of sources'. It points to the extent to which the histories that both scientists and historians can write are artifacts of the available sources. The Rockefeller Foundation not only opened its archives very early on for historical work but also invested a lot in making the archives readily available for historical exploration. During the 1980s, many young historians took advantage of this opportunity. Thus, in a relatively early phase of the professional historiography of molecular biology, one could have gained the impression that the development of the new biology as a whole was a bio-politically directed enterprise of the Rockefeller Foundation sustained by the vision that social processes could ultimately be controlled by biological processes. © 2022 The Authors. Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Into the Into of Earth Itself is a poetry collection that investigates the relationship between ecological violation and the violation of women, as well as toxicity and toxic masculinity. In doing so, it draws from the histories of two Pennsylvania towns: Palmerton and Centralia. The former is a Superfund site ravaged by zinc pollution and currently under threat of hydraulic fracturing and pipeline expansion. The latter is a nearby ghost town that was condemned and evacuated due to an underground mine fire, which will continue for another 200 years. The manuscript uses visual forms and digital text mining techniques to craft poetry about these extractive relationships to land and women. The speaker asks herself: As a woman, how have I also been mined and fracked by these same societal technologies? Master of Fine Arts Into the Into of Earth Itself is a poetry collection.

As a result of technological advances, digital archives now have a significant role to play in the conservation of history. Video games have also become a part of this preservation. Video game archives are created all over the world for scientific, historical, cultural, and technical interests. The goal of this article is to build a reflection on the functions of video games and the possibility of considering them as archives. Four archive functions and four video games (Hell Let Loose, Company of Heroes 2, Kholat and Assassin’s Creed: Origins) containing cultural and historical elements from Russia will allow to clarify the functions of video games, as well as the similarities with archives and to bring a new look on the cultural and educational value of video games., Grâce aux progrès de la technologie, les archives numériques jouent désormais un rôle important dans la préservation de l’histoire. Les jeux vidéo font également partie de cette sauvegarde. Des archives de jeux vidéo sont créées dans le monde entier pour des intérêts scientifiques, historiques, culturels et techniques. L’objectif de cet article est de construire une réflexion autour des fonctions des jeux vidéo et la possibilité de les considérer comme des archives. Quatre fonctions d’archives et de quatre jeux vidéo (Hell Let Loose, Company of Heroes 2, Kholat et Assassin’s Creed : Origins) contenant des éléments culturels et historiques russes permettront d’éclairer les fonctions de ces jeux vidéo ainsi que les similitudes avec les archives dites « classiques » et d’apporter un nouveau regard sur la valeur culturelle et éducative des jeux vidéo.

1. 1. Introducción Dentro del Departamento de Educación coronel I Carlos Rito Burgoa, perteneciente a la actual Escuela Militar de Montaña teniente general Juan Domingo Perón, de la ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche, funcionan el Museo de las Tropas de Montaña general Julián Edelmiro Farrelly la Biblioteca de Montaña Virgen de las Nieves. Además de contener los objetos exhibidos en la muestra museográfica y los más de cuatro mil ejemplares de la especialidad en montaña, allí se conserva parte...

A poco de instalarse en la provincia la Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, en 2009, algunos investigadores recibimos el dato de que un vagón de ferrocarril en las afueras de Ingeniero Jacobacci estaba repleto de documentos; se encontraba abandonado en plena estepa. Alguien había abierto ya sus pesadas y oxidadas puertas corredizas y algunos de los documentos habían volado hasta las minas de caolín. Papeles y tiza a merced de los vientos patagónicos. Con premura organizamos un equipo de trabaj...

Pour mise en ligne sur Épisciences., The process of writing history in Moldova, as in many ex-Soviet countries, is still a source of political conflict on a memorial background. This difficult context presumes the use of sources as a factor of impartiality. However, the picture becomes clouded if the document also participates in differences of opinions that confuse past and present. The history of communism is marked by the Party’s desire to control the dissemination of information, both in the short and long term. Thus, Moldova inherited the Bessarabian archives, the focus of the particularism of Romanian and Soviet communism in the interwar period. As is customary in countries with a communist past, the post-1989-1991 period is representative of slow and complex change. On that account, the Archives of the Party of the RSSM became the Archives of the socio-political organizations of the Republic of Moldova (AOSPRM) in an almost identical image to the Russian archives RGASPI. For to multiple reasons, it is complicated for historians researching Romanian or transnational communism to work on this type of document, and access to the archives remains difficult. Although located in the city center of the capital, the premises keep several marks of the Soviet heritage, which renders the consultation problematic, especially for foreign visitors. The archival funds are also difficult to access because of the bureaucratic formulation of requests. Moreover, the funds have kept the communist inventory of documents, as a result of the ideological policy of the Stalin period., Comme dans beaucoup de pays ex-soviétiques, écrire l’histoire est encore une source de conflit politique sur fond mémoriel, y compris en Moldavie. Ce contexte difficile suppose le recours aux sources comme facteur d’impartialité. Toutefois, le tableau se ternit si le document participe également aux divergences d’opinions qui confondent le présent et le passé. L’histoire du communisme est marquée par la volonté du Parti de contrôler la diffusion de l’information sur le long terme. Ainsi, la Moldavie hérite des archives bessarabiennes, foyer du particularisme du communisme roumain et soviétique dans l’entre-deux-guerres. Comme il est de coutume dans les pays ayant eu un passé communiste, la période suivant 1989-1991 est représentative d’un changement lent et complexe. Ainsi, les Archives du Parti de la RSSM deviennent les Archives des organisations sociopolitiques de la république de Moldavie (AOSPRM), à l’image presque identique des archives russes RGASPI. Pour les historiens qui travaillent sur le communisme roumain ou sur le communisme transnational, il est compliqué de travailler sur ce type de document pour de multiples raisons : l’accès aux archives reste compliqué (bien que situés en centre-ville de la capitale, les locaux gardent plusieurs marques de l’héritage soviétique, ce qui complique la consultation, particulièrement pour les visiteurs étrangers) et les fonds sont difficiles d’accès du fait de la formulation bureaucratique des demandes. Qui plus est, les fonds conservent l’inventaire communiste des documents, fruit de la politique idéologique de la période stalinienne.