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Bu çalışmada BIST Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi’nde yer alan şirketlerin 2019- 2021 yılları arasına ait verileri için CRITIC-MABAC ve ENTROPİ-MABAC yöntemleri kullanılarak finansal performans sıralaması yapılmıştır. Araştırmada değerlendirme kriterleri olarak aktif kârlılık, özsermaye kârlılığı, brüt kâr marjı, dönem kâr marjı, FVÖK marjı, hisse başına kâr ve piyasa değeri/defter değeri değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, kriter ağırlıklarını objektif olarak belirleme yöntemlerinden CRITIC ve ENTROPİ yöntemleri ile kriterlerin ağırlıkları hesaplanmış, daha sonra MABAC yöntemi ile bu şirketlerin yıllar itibari ile finansal performans sıralaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. ENTROPİ-MABAC ve CRITIC-MABAC yöntemleri ile elde edilen performans sıralamaları karşılaştırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda CRITIC-MABAC ve ENTROPİ-MABAC yöntemlerine göre 2019 yılında performansı en iyi olan şirketin LOGO şirketi olduğu, 2020 ve 2021 yıllarında performansı en iyi olan şirketin ise PRKME şirketi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrite (NO2−) is a sustainable and carbon-neutral approach to producing green ammonia (NH3). We herein report the first work on building defects on PrOx for electrochemical NO2− reduction to NH3, and demonstrate a high NH3 yield of 2870 μg h−1 cm−2 at the optimal potential of –0.7 V with a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 97.6% and excellent FEs of >94% at a wide given potential range (−0.5 to −0.8 V). The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) study suggested that the reaction involved promoted hydrogenation. Theoretical calculations clarified that there was an accelerated rate-determining step of NO2− reduction on PrOx. The results also indicated that PrOx could be durable for long-term electrosynthesis and cycling tests.

Introdução: A puericultura é o principal programa da Atenção Primária direcionado à saúde da criança, que tem como principais objetivos a promoção e prevenção a saúde desse grupo, partindo da avaliação do estado nutricional, crescimento e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Embora seja imprescindível no cuidado à saúde das crianças, muitas unidades enfrentam o problema da negligência à puericultura. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência no processo de implantação da puericultura na Unidade Básica de Saúde João Soares, localizada no no sertão paraibano. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência realizado a partir da metodologia do Arco de Maguerez, no período entre 22 de junho de 2021 a 30 de setembro do mesmo ano, a partir do percurso metodológico de observação da realidade, identificação dos pontos-chave, teorização do problema, construção de hipóteses de solução, e a aplicação à realidade. Resultados: Foi realizado levantamento das crianças de 0 a 2 anos adscritas nas 4 microáreas do território, e do total de 34 crianças, 26 (76,5%) compareceram à primeira consulta na data e horário marcados, 8 (23,5%) precisaram remarcar a data devido indisponibilidade dos responsáveis. Obteve-se uma eficácia de 100% das crianças de 0 a 2 anos atendidas na primeira consulta de puericultura. Conclusão: Por meio da realização da puericultura foi possível construir um panorama geral da saúde das crianças, podendo identificar suas fragilidades e pontos que necessitam de maior cuidado, além de fornecer apoio e informações aos seus responsáveis.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde yazma becerisine ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin deneyimlerinin ve yaşadıkları sorunların belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden temel nitel araştırma kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 2021-2022 yılı eğitim-öğretim yılında ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan ve uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarıyla pandemi sürecinde eğitim veren 20 sınıf öğretmeni katılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla toplanan araştırma verilerinin analizinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda uzaktan eğitimin alt yapısının yazma becerisine uygun olmadığı, salgın sürecinde uzaktan eğitimde yürütülen yazma etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin yazma becerilerini yeterince geliştirmediği, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesinde genellikle yüz yüze eğitimde kullanılan etkinliklere benzer etkinliklerin gerçekleştirildiği, öğrencilerin yazılı ürünlerine yeterli düzeyde dönüt verilemediği ve öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitim sistemiyle yazma eğitimini gerçekleştirmek istemedikleri ortaya çıkmıştır., The purpose of this study is to determine the experiences and problems of elementary school teachers regarding the teaching of writing skills in the distance education process. Basic qualitative research, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. Twenty elementary school teachers who worked in elementary4 schools in the 2021-2022 academic year and provided distance education during the pandemic process participated in the study. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The results showed that the infrastructure of distance education was not suitable for the teaching of writing skills and that the writing activities carried out in distance education during the epidemic did not sufficiently improve the writing skills of the students. In addition, the activities were generally the ones used in face-to-face education. The written products of the students could not be given sufficient feedback, and the teachers' distance teaching skills were not adequate. It was also found that the teachers did not want to provide writing education via distance education.

Introduction and Objectives: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a frequently seen chronic rheumatoid disease in childhood, which may cause disability and severely affect quality of life (QoL). The aim of present study was to assess relationships between disease activation and socio-cultural status of family, QoL, anxiety level, and depression level in patients with JIA and their parents. Methods: The study included 100 patients with JIA. The socio-demographic data were obtained from all patients. Child- and parent-reported PedsQL, Beck depression inventory (BDI), Kovacs' Child Depression Inventory (CDI), SCARED child version, CHAQ discomfort and disability scales were applied and JADAS-27 score was calculated in a cross-sectional manner. Then, we compared the characteristics of patients with the scales’ results. Results: JADAS-27, BDI, and CHAQ discomfort scores were higher and child- and parent-reported PedsQL scores were lower in patients with active disease than patients on remission (p

Bile acids, as a group of cholesterol metabolites, play important roles in inflammation and bone metabolism. However, the possible link between bile acids and periodontitis is still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the alterations of the bile acid profile and corresponding receptor expression levels in periodontitis patients, and evaluate their association with periodontitis severity.The concentrations of 15 bile acids in gingival tissues from 16 periodontitis patients and 16 healthy individuals were tested by metabolomics. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) expression was determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, which was also validated in two datasets, GSE16134 and GSE10334. The correlation between bile acids, S1PR2, and clinical parameters was analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis, and receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves were examined to access the ability of bile acids and S1PR2 for defining local periodontitis status.In the periodontitis group, concentrations of total bile acids were elevated by increases of all bile acid forms, and five conjugated bile acids were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the expression of their receptor, S1PR2, was also upregulated in the periodontitis group. Positive correlations were further observed between glycocholic acid (GCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), S1PR2, and periodontal clinical parameters. ROC analysis also showed combinations of two bile acids (GCA and TCDCA) with S1PR2 as novel signatures for indicating local periodontitis status.Our findings demonstrated the alterations of the bile acid profile and receptor S1PR2 expression in periodontitis patients, and provided evidence of association between bile acids and periodontitis status.

Leaves are strikingly diverse in terms of shapes and complexity. The wild and cultivated strawberry plants mostly develop trifoliate compound leaves, yet the underlying genetic basis remains unclear in this important fruit crop in Rosaceae. Here, we identified two EMS mutants designated simple leaf1 (sl1-1 and sl1-2) and one natural simple-leafed mutant monophylla in Fragaria vesca. Their causative mutations all reside in SL1 (FvH4_7g28640) causing premature stop codon at different positions in sl1-1 and sl1-2 and an eight-nucleotide insertion (GTTCATCA) in monophylla. SL1 encodes a transcription regulator with the conserved DNA-binding domain GT-1 and the catalytic domain of protein kinases PKc. Expression of SL1pro::SL1 in sl1-1 completely restored compound leaf formation. The 35S::SL1 lines developed palmate-like leaves with four or five leaflets at a low penetrance. However, overexpressing the truncated SL1

PurposeFabric has complicated anisotropic mechanical behavior because of the woven pattern and complex physical properties. However, most current fabric simulation models are not satisfied because the models are usually geometrical models with stiffness parameters.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors present a modeling technique to simulate fabric with Riemann manifold. The proposed nonlinear model is formed with ridge wave-curved surface based on the Riemann zero curvature, and the authors develop a solution to conserve the surface area. It decomposes the m × n matrix constituting the fabric into several batches and processes the fabric dots in batches. In this model, the distance between any two adjacent particles of the fabric's is assumed to be equal, and the area of the curved surface is always constant, and the inclination and decay of the ridge wave-curved surface are also considered.FindingsAs the result, the simulated shape is lifelike. In time cost performance, the model improves the efficiency of the fabric styling and meets the requirements of real-time simulation.Originality/valueThe proposed nonlinear model is formed with ridge wave-curved surface based on the Riemann zero curvature, and the authors develop a solution to conserve the surface area.

This research aims to analyze the comparison of financial performance of banks before and after the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Indonesia. The type of data used is secondary data taken from the balance sheets of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2010-2013. The variables used are financial ratios with Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non Performing Loan (NPL) indicators. This study uses quantitative methods, data were analyzed with a paired t-test. The results show that the implementation of IFRS has no impact on the financial performance of banks, because in principle the implementation of IFRS is not directly aimed at improving performance.

Aim: To evaluate an intravitreally injected nanoparticle platform designed to deliver VEGF-A siRNA to inhibit retinal neovascular leakage as a new treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Materials & methods: Fusogenic lipid-coated porous silicon nanoparticles loaded with VEGF-A siRNA, and pendant neovascular integrin-homing iRGD, were evaluated for efficacy by intravitreal injection in a rabbit model of retinal neovascularization. Results: For 12 weeks post-treatment, a reduction in vascular leakage was observed for treated diseased eyes versus control eyes (p = 0.0137), with a corresponding reduction in vitreous VEGF-A. Conclusion: Fusogenic lipid-coated porous silicon nanoparticles siRNA delivery provides persistent knockdown of VEGF-A and reduced leakage in a rabbit model of retinal neovascularization as a potential new intraocular therapeutic.

PurposeOne of the popular fields to replace linear economy approach with the sustainable circular approach is the valorization of agri-food waste and by-products by using green methods. Celery peel contains essential nutrients as much as celery root. This study aims to propose a novel framework for investigation of celery root peel waste, which has high nutritional value and is beneficial for healthy nutrition, valorization potential to re-formulate ayran (a traditional Turkish drink).Design/methodology/approachSustainable green extraction/distillation methods were applied to the celery root peel material to obtain water soluble extracts to be used in formulation of traditional Turkish drink “Ayran”.FindingsAs a result of the study, a new functional fermented drink derived from traditional drink ayran was obtained by using celery root peel extract. In addition to the positive characteristic properties of samples in terms of physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory parameters, it was observed that it increased the shelf life by at least 50% compared to the drink from which it was derived.Originality/valueSeveral studies focused the valorization of food waste materials; however, to the best of the author’s knowledge, no study has been taken an approach for using green methods to add additional properties to traditional foods by using celery root peel extracts. Therefore, the study is a remarkable contribution to the circular economy and is a role model for further studies.

Online experiments are the gold standard for evaluating impact on user experience and accelerating innovation in software. However, since experiments are typically limited in duration, observed treatment effects are not always permanently stable, sometimes revealing increasing or decreasing patterns over time. There are multiple causes for a treatment effect to change over time. In this paper, we focus on a particular cause, user-learning, which is primarily associated with novelty or primacy. Novelty describes the desire to use new technology that tends to diminish over time. Primacy describes the growing engagement with technology as a result of adoption of the innovation. User-learning estimation is critical because it holds experimentation responsible for trustworthiness, empowers organizations to make better decisions by providing a long-term view of expected impact, and prevents user dissatisfaction. In this paper, we propose an observational approach, based on difference-in-differences technique to estimate user-learning at scale. We use this approach to test and estimate user-learning in many experiments at Microsoft. We compare our approach with the existing experimental method to show its benefits in terms of ease of use and higher statistical power, and to discuss its limitation in presence of other forms of treatment interaction with time., Submitted to the Technometrics Journal

Glycolysis is an important way for various cells such as vascular wall endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and other cells to obtain energy. In pathological conditions, it can participate in the process of AS by regulating lipid deposition, calcification, angiogenesis in plaques, etc., together with its metabolite lactic acid. Recent studies have shown that lactate-related lactylation modifications are ubiquitous in the human proteome and are involved in the regulation of various inflammatory diseases. Combined with the distribution and metabolic characteristics of cells in the plaque in the process of AS, glycolysis-lactate-lactylation modification may be a new entry point for targeted intervention in atherosclerosis in the future. Therefore, this article intends to elaborate on the role and mechanism of glycolysis-lactate-lactylation modification in AS, as well as the opportunities and challenges in targeted therapy, hoping to bring some help to relevant scholars in this field. In atherosclerosis, glycolysis, lactate, and lactylation modification as a metabolic sequence affect the functions of macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and other cells and interfere with processes such as vascular calcification and intraplaque neovascularization to influence the progression of atherosclerosis.

The basis of the study was formed by the application of Humic Acid (HA) and Rock Phosphate (RP), which are used in different doses as organic plant nutrition material, to the vineyard in early spring. As a plant material, the local variety Sepirze (Vitis vinifera L.), which is extensively produced in Mardin/Türkiye, is used for table consumption as well as being used for wine in small businesses. Analyzes were made to determine the effects of plant nutrition applications on acidity, pH, TSS and maturity index values, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity in grape berries; The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were analyzed separately in the berry flesh, skin, and seed sections, and it was tried to determine which part of the fruit was more affected by the applications. When the physicochemical prosperities of the grains were evaluated, the TSS content was found to be significantly (P

Objective: Remote self-assessment of the revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) using digital data capture was investigated for its feasibility as an add-on to ALSFRS-R assessments during multidisciplinary clinic visits. Methods: From August 2017 to December 2021, at 12 ALS centers in Germany, an observational study on remote assessment of the ALSFRS-R was performed. In addition to the assessment of ALSFRS-R during clinic visits, patients were offered a digital self-assessment of the ALSFRS-R - either on a computer or on a mobile application ('ALS-App'). Results: An estimated multicenter cohort of 4,670 ALS patients received care at participating ALS centers. Of these patients, 971 remotely submitted the ALSFRS-R, representing 21% of the multicenter cohort. Of those who opted for remote assessment, 53.7% (n = 521) completed a minimum of 4 ALSFRS-R per year with a mean number of 10.9 assessments per year. Different assessment frequencies were found for patients using a computer (7.9 per year, n = 857) and mobile app (14.6 per year, n = 234). Patients doing remote assessments were more likely to be male and less functionally impaired but many patients with severe disability managed to complete it themselves or with a caregiver (35% of remote ALSFRS-R cohort in King's Stage 4). Conclusions: In a dedicated ALS center setting remote digital self-assessment of ALSFRS-R can provide substantial data which is complementary and potentially an alternative to clinic assessments and could be used for research purposes and person-level patient management. Addressing barriers relating to patient uptake and adherence are key to its success.

We know that a vast amount of research has recently been done on dehazing single images. More work is done on day-time images than night-time images. Also, enhancement of low light images is another area in which lots of research going on. In this paper, a simple yet effective unified variational model is proposed for dehazing of day and night images and low-light enhancement based on non-local global variational regularization. Given the relation between image dehazing and retinex, the haze removal process can minimize a variational retinex model. Estimating of ambient light and transmission maps is a key step in modern dehazing methods. Atmospheric light is not uniform and constant for hazy night images, as night scenes often contain multiple light sources. Often lit and non-illuminated regions have different colour characteristics and cause total variation colour distortion and halo artifacts. Our work directly implements a non-local retinal model based on the L2 norm that simulates the average activity of inhibitory and excitatory neuronal populations in the cortex to overcome this problem. This potential biological feasibility of the L2 norm of our work is divided into two parts using a filtered gradient approach, the reflection sparse prior and the reflection gradient fidelity before the observed image gradient. This unified framework of NLTV-Retinex and DCP efficiently performs low-light enhancement and dehazing of day and night images. We show results obtained using our method on daytime and night-time images and a low-light image dataset. We quantitatively and qualitatively compare our results with recently reported methods, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

The speed–accuracy trade-off (SAT) suggests that time constraints reduce response accuracy. Its relevance in observational settings—where response time (RT) may not be constrained but respondent speed may still vary—is unclear. Using 29 data sets containing data from cognitive tasks, we use a flexible method for identification of the SAT (which we test in extensive simulation studies) to probe whether the SAT holds. We find inconsistent relationships between time and accuracy; marginal increases in time use for an individual do not necessarily predict increases in accuracy. Additionally, the speed–accuracy relationship may depend on the underlying difficulty of the interaction. We also consider the analysis of items and individuals; of particular interest is the observation that respondents who exhibit more within-person variation in response speed are typically of lower ability. We further find that RT is typically a weak predictor of response accuracy. Our findings document a range of empirical phenomena that should inform future modeling of RTs collected in observational settings.

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is an important component of the immune system of vertebrates, which plays a vital role in presenting extrinsic antigens. In this study, we cloned and characterized the mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB genes of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The open reading frames (ORFs) of mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB genes were 708 bp and 747bp in length, encoding 235 and 248 amino acids, respectively. The structure of mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB includes a signal peptide, an α1/β1 domain, an α2/β2 domain, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic region. Homologous identity analysis revealed that both mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB shared high protein sequence similarity with that of Chinese longsnout catfish Leiocassis longirostris. mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB showed similar expression patterns in different tissues, with the higher expression level in spleen, head kidney and gill and lower expression in liver, stomach, gall bladder and heart. The mRNA expression level of mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB in different embryonic development stages also showed the similar trends. The higher expression was detected from fertilized egg to 32 cell stage, low expression from multicellular period to 3 days post hatching (dph), and then the expression increased to a higher level from 4 dph to 14 dph. The mRNA expression levels of mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB were significantly up-regulated not only in the body kidney and spleen, but also in the midgut, hindgut, liver and gill after challenge of Flavobacterium columnare. The results suggest that Mhc Ⅱ plays an important role in the anti-infection process of yellow catfish P. fulvidraco.

This mini review summarizes the current state of knowledge about automatic item generation in the context of educational assessment and discusses key points in the item generation pipeline. Assessment is critical in all learning systems and digitalized assessments have shown significant growth over the last decade. This leads to an urgent need to generate more items in a fast and efficient manner. Continuous improvements in computational power and advancements in methodological approaches, specifically in the field of natural language processing, provide new opportunities as well as new challenges in automatic generation of items for educational assessment. This mini review asserts the need for more work across a wide variety of areas for the scaled implementation of AIG.

To assess the individual and synergistic effects of 2-butyne-1,4-diol (BD) and chloride ions on the microstructure and residual stress of electrodeposited nickel, various nickel layers were prepared from sulfamate baths comprising varying concentrations of BD and chloride ions by applying direct-current electrodeposition. And their surface morphologies, microstructure, and residual stress were tested using SEM, XRD, EBSD, TEM, and AFM. While the nickel layers composed of pyramid morphology were prepared from additive-free baths, the surface flattened gradually as the BD concentration of the baths was increased, and the acicular grains in the deposits were replaced with oriented columnar grains or oriented nanograins; additionally, the residual tensile stress of the deposits increased. The addition of chloride ions to the baths containing BD significantly increased the residual stress in the nickel layers, although it only slightly promoted surface flattening and columnar grain coarsening. The effects of BD and chloride ions on the growth mode and residual stress of nickel deposits were explained via analysis of surface morphologies and microstructure. And the results indicate that the reduction of chloride ion concentration is a feasible way to reduce the residual stress of the nickel deposits when BD is included in the baths.

This paper presents a sound source localization (SSL) model based on residual network and channel attention mechanism. The method takes the combination of log-Mel spectrogram and generalized cross-correlation phase transform (GCC-PHAT) as the input features, and extracts the time–frequency information by using the residual structure and channel attention mechanism, thus obtaining a better localizing performance. The residual blocks are introduced to extract deeper features, which can stack more layers for high-level features and avoid gradient vanishing or exploding at the same time. The attention mechanism is taken into account for the feature extraction stage in the proposed SSL model, which can focus on the most important information on the input features. We use the signals collected by microphone array to explore the performance of the model under different features, and find the most suitable input features of the proposed method. We compare our method with other models on public dataset. Experience results show a quite substantial improvement of sound source localizing performance.

Finansal piyasaların önemi ve karmaşıklığı göz önüne alındığında, bu alanda çalışan herkesin güncel bilgi ve teorileri takip etmeleri gereklidir. "Finansal Piyasaların Evrimi: Bankacılık, Risk Yönetimi, Piyasa ve Kurumlar" gibi kaynaklar, finansal piyasalar hakkında daha derinlemesine bir anlayış sağlayabilir ve okuyuculara güncel trendleri ve uygulamaları sunabilir. Bu kitap, finansal piyasaların evrimi, bankacılık, risk yönetimi, piyasa ve kurumlar gibi konuları ele almaktadır. Kitapta bulunan bölümler, finansal piyasaların dünya genelindeki işleyişini ve bu piyasalarda kullanılan araçları, risk yönetimi ve finansal kurumların rolünü, piyasaların tarihini ve geleceğini incelemektedir.

Bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul'da hisse senetleri işlem gören ve imalat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 71 şirketin 2012-2021 yıllarına ait verileri türev ürün yatırımının likidite riskine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımlı değişkeni Asit-Test Oranı, bağımsız değişkeni ise Türev Ürün/Toplam Aktif'tir. Analiz sonucunda türev ürün yatırım oranı ile likiditi riski arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. Buna göre, şirketlerin türev ürün yatırımındaki artış Asit-Test Oranını artırmakta dolayısı ile likidite riskini düşürdüğü görülmüştür.

Purpose: This study investigates the extent to which aspirant CA(SA)s perceive how the academic programme is, and should be, developing relational and decision-making (RDM) skills. There has been extensive criticism that these skills are insufficiently developed in accounting students, an unfortunate reality which, consequently, hinders their expected performance during the SAICA training programme. Research method: A questionnaire was distributed to 103 aspirant CA(SA)s (of which 44 responded) working at one of the largest audit firms globally and currently in their 1st to 3rd year of the SAICA training programme. The questionnaire consisted of three main questions focusing on the respondents' perception of the academic programme. Findings: The majority of the respondents perceive that almost all of the RDM skills are developed to an intermediate or advanced level during the academic programme. However, respondents also perceive that the academic programme should place greater focus on developing certain RDM skills, such as relationship-building; professional scepticism and teamwork, to an advanced level, to maximise performance during the training programme. Lastly, the case study method, a teaching method by academics, resulted in the highest response rate for assisting in developing RDM skills. Originality and value: The study is the first to research RDM skills development, as defined within the new SAICA Competency Framework, during the South African academic programme. Furthermore, the findings of this study could assist SAICA in identifying RDM skills development shortcomings and whether the academic or training programme providers should bear more responsibility for developing certain skills.

Bu çalışmada, Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi’nde yer alan 30 şirketin 2015-2021 yılları arasına ait verileri ile kurumsal yönetim alt başlıkları olan Pay Sahipleri, Menfaat Sahipleri, Kamuyu Aydınlatma ve Şeffaflık ve Yönetim Kurulu derecelendirme puanı ile finansal performans arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda; Pay Sahipleri ve Yönetim Kurulu derecelendirme puanı ile aktif karlılık arasında negatif ilişki; Menfaat Sahipleri derecelendirme puanı ile aktif karlılık arasında pozitif ilişki; Kamuyu Aydınlatma ve Şeffaflık derecelendirme puanı ile aktif karlılık arasında ilişki olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Vehicle emissions are regarded as a primary contributor to air pollution and related adverse health impacts. Heavy traffic congestion increases traffic flow and thus produces more O3 precursor emissions, leading to more adverse air quality issues. Although the development of a vehicle emission inventory has received great concern and continuous efforts, limitations still exist. For example, real-time diurnal variations and increases in emission rates due to traffic congestion are not well understood. In this study, we developed a new temporal allocation approach in transportation emissions to investigate the impact on air quality and health burden due to traffic congestion in China in 2020. Both real-time congestion-level data and emission correction factors were considered in the approach. Results show that traffic congestion aggravates air pollution and health burden across China, especially in the urban clusters such as the North China Plain and Sichuan Basin. In these regions, the average annual increases in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) could be up to 3.5 µg m−3 and 1.1 ppb, respectively. The excess PM2.5 and O3 attributed to the traffic congestion also induce an additional 20 000 and 5000 premature deaths in China, respectively. In major cities, the increased rate of premature mortality caused by traffic congestion may reach 17.5 %. Therefore, more effective and comprehensive vehicle emission control policies or better planning of the road network should be established to reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in China.

The complexity of interactions between pedestrians poses a challenge to pedestrian trajectory prediction, and existing trajectory prediction methods based on data-driven models lack interpretation for modeling interactions between pedestrians. To address this problem, an improved avoidance force algorithm is proposed to model the interaction of pedestrian forces explicitly. Multiple socially acceptable pedestrian trajectory information is generated by using the prior knowledge of observed trajectory and the avoidance force algorithm.The avoidance force trajectories are evaluated by an attention network to generate confidence scores; the avoidance force trajectories are selected based on the confidence scores;The final accurate trajectories are refined using Teacher-forcing. Compared to Social-Implicit, ours experimental results conducted on the ETH and UCY datasets show that the proposed method improves the average displacement error (ADE) and final displacement error (FDE) by 6\% and 16\%, respectively.

INTRODUÇÃO: A Fibromialgia é uma desordem musculoesquelética de curso insidioso e intermitente, que impacta negativamente na qualidade de vida do indivíduo tendo em vista a gama de sintomas que caracterizam o quadro clínico, levando até mesmo à incapacidade e ao desenvolvimento de transtornos psíquicos decorrentes do sofrimento vivido. Têm-se buscado diversas alternativas de tratamento para obter um controle clínico adequado, e dentre as opções propostas, a terapia com canabinoides têm surgido com um potencial relevante. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade dos canabinóides no tratamento da Fibromialgia e seus efeitos colaterais. METODOLOGIA: Consiste em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, de caráter qualitativo, composta por 04 ensaios clínicos randomizados, encontrados em bibliotecas virtuais utilizando-se dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). RESULTADOS: Observou-se que os derivados medicinais da cannabis vêm demonstrando diversas vantagens em seu uso, como os variados tipos de apresentação, concentração e adaptação para o caso clínico dos mais diversos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Os canabinoides são efetivos no controle da doença, proporcionando melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, e sendo, portanto, uma opção para associação ou substituição das drogas mais utilizadas atualmente. Além disso, apresentaram efeitos adversos leves, sendo bem tolerados pelos pacientes.

Ruhan Liu,1,2,* Chenyang Li,1,* Huajun Xu,1 Kejia Wu,1 Xinyi Li,1 Yupu Liu,1 Jie Yuan,1 Lili Meng,1 Jianyin Zou,1 Weijun Huang,1 Hongliang Yi,1 Bin Sheng,2 Jian Guan,1 Shankai Yin1 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Sheng; Jian Guan, Tel +86 13124853285, Email shengbin@sjtu.edu.cn; guanjian0606@sina.comPurpose: Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common because polysomnography (PSG) is time-consuming, expensive, and uncomfortable. The use of recording methods based on the oxygen saturation (SpO2) signals detected by wearable devices is impractical and inaccurate for extracting signal features and detecting apnoeic events. We propose a method to automatically detect the apnoea-based SpO2 signal segments and compute the apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) for SDB screening and grading.Patients and Methods: First, apnoea-related desaturation segments in raw SpO2 signals were detected; global features were extracted from whole night signals. Then, the SpO2 signal segments and global features were fed into a bi-directional long short-term memory convolutional neural network model to identify apnoea-related and non-apnoea-related events. The apnoea-related segments were used to assess the AHI.Results: The model was trained on 500 individuals and tested on 8131 individuals from two public hospitals and one private centre. In the testing data, the classification accuracy for apnoea-related segments was 84.3%. Individuals with SDB (AHI 15) were identified with a mean accuracy of 88.95%.Conclusion: Using automatic SDB detection based on SpO2 signals can accurately screen for SDB.Keywords: sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, AHI, SDB severity classification, Bi-LSTM-CNN, desaturation events

This research was performed to define genetic diversity of wild red currant accessions native to Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey by revealing associations between physicochemical berry characteristics through various statistical methods including Explanatory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (single linkage-Euclidian distance) and fuzzy clustering (Manhattan distance). The factor analysis explained 89% of the data variability on the tested berry features by four factors. The first factor was called berry color and showed positive loadings on A (0.947), B (0.925) and negative loading on L (- 0.909). The second factor was named organoleptic which had positive loadings on aroma (0.993) and taste (0.993). The third factor was called pomology and pH and demonstrated positive loadings on fruit weight (0.903) and fruit length (0.824), but negative loading on pH (- 0.583). The fourth factor was named soluble solid content and exhibited positive loading of 0.928. The hierarchical cluster analyses resulted with seven clusters showing 83.89 (%), 83.33 (%), 80.71 (%), 88.21 (%), 91.28 (%), 95.12 (%) and 90.37 (%) similarity for the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh clusters, respectively. The largest values of average silhouette and Dunn's partition coefficient, as well as the smallest value of the normalized partition coefficient of fuzzy clustering analysis resulted in five clusters. Furthermore, a hybrid approach combining fuzzy clustering and decision tree algorithms was established to better characterize the phenotypical profile of red currants. We can conclude that the statistical methods utilized in this research could be a useful tool in revealing phenotypic similarities and differences among red currant accessions, and the knowledge on berry feature associations could be helpful in plant breeding programs.

In the research, a conceptual model with the export performance scale EXPERF (Export Performance Scale) being the dependent variable and with country credit ratings being the independent variables has been developed, and it is intended to empirically investigate the impact of the country credit rating score on the export performance of enterprises by focusing on the country credit rating among many factors that affect the export performance of enterprises. Regarding the model, in the first stage, the relation between the country’s credit rating covering the years between 1993-2016 and the export performance of the enterprises is examined using secondary data through panel unit root tests analysis. In this context, the H1 hypothesis that the country credit rating score given by the credit rating agencies has an impact on the export performance of companies is supported, and it is found that the credit rating score of Turkey affects the export performance of businesses. In the field research covering the second stage of the research, ISO 500 enterprises constitute the universe in which the data is collected. A questionnaire regarding the perceptions of business executives about the export performance of companies in 2013, when Turkey’s credit rating score was raised up to investable level, and in 2016, when Turkey’s credit rating score was lowered, was developed based on the EXPERF scale, and the export performance was measured with online or faceto-face application of the questionnaire to the business executives who participated in the study voluntarily. A judicial sampling method was used in the study, and 306 business executives responded to the questionnaire. The H2 hypothesis that there is a difference between the change in the country credit rating and the export performance of the enterprises is not rejected according to the EXPERF scale, which measures the increase in the country credit rating in 2013 and the decrease in the country credit rating in 2016. Export performance of enterprises differs significantly in the periods when the credit rating of the country decreases and rises.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, uzaktan eğitim sürecinin katkıları ve sorunlarına ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini belirlemek ve uzaktan eğitimin niteliğinin artırılmasına yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır. Araştırmada uzaktan eğitim sürecinin sınıf yönetimi, öğretme-öğrenme süreci, ölçme-değerlendirme, iletişim, öğretim materyal ve araç gereçleri bakımından sağladığı katkılara ve karşılaşılan sorunlara ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 2020-2021 yılı eğitim-öğretim yılında ilkokul 1, 2, 3 ve 4. sınıfta öğretim yapan 20 sınıf öğretmeni katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde betimsel analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda sınıf öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin algılarının olumsuz olduğu, uzaktan eğitimde sınıf yönetimi, öğretme-öğrenme süreci, ölçme ve değerlendirme, iletişim, öğretim materyalleri ve araç gereçleri bakımından önemli sorunlarla karşılaşıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca uzaktan eğitimin niteliğinin artırılmasına yönelik Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, okul yönetimleri ve öğretmen yetiştirme sürecine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.