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The article reveals the features of designing sanitary protection zones for underground water intakes for oil fields in Western Siberia using GIS technologies.Sanitary protection zones (SPZs) shall be organized in accordance with the requirements of [1-4] to create and ensure the sanitary protection regime for drinking water supply sources and their accompanying water supply facilities. The purpose of the SPZ organization is sanitary protection of both the source of water supply itself and the adjacent territory from biological and chemical pollution. A special management mode is established in each of the three SPZ belts, and a certain set of security measures is developed for each belt to prevent deterioration of water quality [3, 10]. The purpose of the first SPZ belt is to protect water wells and structures from accidental or intentional contamination and damage, therefore, the first SPZ belt is limited to the territory of the site of water wells, treatment and water supply facilities.The size of the second SPZ belt was determined provided that bacterial contamination entering the captive aquifer beyond the border of the second belt does not reach the water intake during the survival time of microorganisms Tm, and the size of the third SPZ belt — based on the conditions of stable composition of pollutants in the water for the entire period of operation of the water intake.The task of establishing three zones of the water intake SPZ is to calculate the dimensions of the SPZ boundaries and apply these boundaries to the topobase of the area taking into account the general plan of the designed construction object.The article contains several examples of solving practical problems for determining the boundaries of sanitary protection of underground water intakes, in cases where there is no natural groundwater flow (i = 0), there is (i > 0) and where it is necessary to determine the direction of groundwater flow and natural flow rate as a function of the pressure gradient i.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) causes a number of molecular and cellular alterations. There is evidence of an imbalance between the main excitatory (glutamate, Glu) and the main inhibitory (gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA]) neurotransmitters following mTBI. In vivo human GABA-Glu balance studies following mTBI are sparse.To investigate the effect of acute mTBI on the GABA concentration measured in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) of pediatric patients by using the macromolecular (MM)-suppressed GABA J-editing technique.Prospective patient and phantom.A total of 14 pediatric patients (mean age 16.0 ± 1.7) with acute mTBI (3 days after trauma; Glasgow Coma Scale 15) and 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 16.9 ± 2.8). Phantom: 524 cmA 3 T, MEGA-PRESS pulse sequence.GABA spectra were processed in Gannet software. MM-suppressed GABA editing efficiency was derived from the phantom study. Absolute GABA and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) concentrations were quantified using different types of correction and compared between groups. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and choline (Cho) levels relative to tCr were also compared.Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test, Student t-test, Pearson or Spearman correlations. P 0.01 was considered statistically significant.The MM-suppressed GABA editing efficiency was 0.63. GABA signal fit error was16% for all participants. The GABA concentration in the PCC of the mTBI group was significantly different from that in healthy controls: GABA/tCr was higher by 27%, absolute GABA concentration with different types of correction was higher by ≈17%. No significant differences were observed in Glx concentrations (P ≥ 0.32) or in Glx/tCr (P ≥ 0.1), NAA/tCr (P = 0.55), and Cho/tCr levels (P = 0.85).We report an increase in the GABA concentration in the PCC region in acute mTBI pediatric patients. This may suggest activation of GABA synthesis and impairment of the GABAergic system after acute mTBI.3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

Risk factor identification and their subsequent reduction is one of the fundamental strategies in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment (CVD). Any biological mechanism comprises many crucial elements which ensure its function. Thorough cross-level molecular assessment is required in order to obtain relevant information, therefore gaining insight into disease pathogenesis. Numerous advances in the identification of CVD associated biomarkers have undoubtedly expanded our understanding. However, lifestyle, environmental factors and genetic predisposition are ought to be taken into account. Given the presence of numerous factors affecting the course of CVD, there is a demand for new sensitive diagnostic methods. One of those new approaches is the usage of omics technologies, which make it possible to obtaina large array of biological data at the molecular level. Integration of various methods helps to accumulate a colossal amount of data. High-tech tools for data analysis, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning ensure the identification of interrelated significant data between variables. Multi-omics technologies in combination with genetic analysis are attracting more attention worldwide. It can be perceived as a new stage in CVD prediction and recurrent cardiovascular events risk assessment. These approaches can help to improve our understanding of the molecular genetic pathology of CVD and provide an objective evaluation of pathophysiological processes.

Indium tin oxide thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering on ceramic aluminum nitride substrates and were annealed at temperatures of 500 °C and 600 °C. The structural, optical, electrically conductive and gas-sensitive properties of indium tin oxide thin films were studied. The possibility of developing sensors with low nominal resistance and relatively high sensitivity to gases was shown. The resistance of indium tin oxide thin films annealed at 500 °C in pure dry air did not exceed 350 Ohms and dropped by about 2 times when increasing the annealing temperature to 100 °C. Indium tin oxide thin films annealed at 500 °C were characterized by high sensitivity to gases. The maximum responses to 2000 ppm hydrogen, 1000 ppm ammonia and 100 ppm nitrogen dioxide for these films were 2.21 arbitrary units, 2.39 arbitrary units and 2.14 arbitrary units at operating temperatures of 400 °C, 350 °C and 350 °C, respectively. These films were characterized by short response and recovery times. The drift of indium tin oxide thin-film gas-sensitive characteristics during cyclic exposure to reducing gases did not exceed 1%. A qualitative model of the sensory effect is proposed.

In this paper, a mathematical model of a communication channel with an unmanned aerial vehicle and taking into account the specifics of the locations of a ground communication point when determining the effects of refraction, diffraction and interference of electromagnetic waves is proposed. A meaningful statement of the problem based on the mathematical relationship between the energy parameters of the first transmission equation and the quality indicators (BER) of the second transmission equation has been formed. The main features of calculating the parameters of the first equation are to determine the rules for calculating the level of attenuation due to the influence of the earths surface. The calculation of attenuations for cases of removal of an unmanned aerial vehicle from a ground communication point within the areas of line of sight, partial shade and shadow has been clarified. The second transmission equation is based on the mathematical model of the Rice communication channel. With respect to the energy parameters and the selected communication quality indicator for the formed mathematical model, examples of graphical dependencies are given in the study of typical computational problems. With respect to the energy parameters and the selected communication quality indicator for the formed mathematical model, examples of graphical dependencies in the study of typical computational problems are given.

The article discusses the issues of minimizing intermodulation distortions arising in tunable bandpass filters made with the use of varicaps. It presents the analysis of the tunable filter circuits, on the basis of which we determined the circuits with minimum intermodulation distortions.

At least 50% of factors predisposing to alcohol dependence (AD) are genetic and women affected with this disorder present with more psychiatric comorbidities, probably indicating different genetic factors involved. We aimed to run a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by a bioinformatic functional annotation of associated genomic regions in patients with AD and eight related clinical measures. A genome-wide significant association of rs220677 with AD (

The issues of constructing microwave diplexers are considered. The calculated ra-tios for the circuit elements are given. The possibility of transforming the circuit elements in order to achieve the necessary filter ratings for LTCC-based diplexers is shown. Diplexers in the form of LPF-PF and PF-PF are manufactured. The calculation and measurement of the input power of diplexers are carried out.

The possibilities of realizing retunable rejection filters are considered, in which two-pole networks are introduced into the low-pass filter, which play the role of narrow-band rejection circuits. Methods for analyzing rejection circuits and formulas for calculating elements are presented.

Electrical conductivity and gas sensitivity of $\alpha $ -Ga $_{2}\text{O}_{3}/\varepsilon $ ( $\kappa $ )-Ga2O3 structures were measured for oxygen concentrations ranging from 2 % to 100 % and temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 220 °C. It was found that the oxygen sensitivity of the structures depended on the donor dopant concentration. The $\alpha $ -Ga $_{2}O_{3}/\varepsilon $ ( $\kappa $ )-Ga2O3 structures doped with $\sim 1.5\times 10^{17}$ cm−3 of Sn showed high sensitivity to O2 in the temperature range from 180 °C to 220 °C and at the bias voltage below 7.5 V. This effect can be attributed to the chemisorption of oxygen molecules on the surface of structures, which reduces energy barriers between $\varepsilon $ (k)-Ga2O3 grains.

Introduction. Chronic recurrent instability of the shoulder joint is a frequent outcome of conservative treatment oftraumatic dislocation of the shoulder (2.8–30 % of cases). Preoperative examination largely determines the outcome of surgical treatment of this pathology.The aim of the study was to provide a clinical assessment of the developed algorithm for the surgical treatment of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder joint instability. Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 98 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder joint instability were studied. Preoperative examination included clinical tests, MRI or CT with calculation of bone loss. Fifty-six patients (57.1 %) underwent Bankart operation, 14 patients (14.3 %) – Latarjet operation. Twenty-three patients (23.5 %) underwent Bankart + Remplissage surgery, and 5 (5.1 %) – Latarjet + remplissage. The result was assessed on the ROWE scale.Results. Bone defects significant in the formation of instability (“glenoid off track”) were found in 19.4 % of patients, and “glenoid on track” – in 80.6 %. According to the proposed algorithm for treating patients with anterior recurrent instability of the shoulder joint, the “glenoid off track” state was an indication for Latarjet surgery. When “glenoid on track” was used, indications for Bankart operation were displayed. The remplissage procedure was indicated in case of the presence of a Hill-Sachs grade 3 defect or the presence of hyperelasticity of the tissues of the shoulder joint. The mean ROWE score for the entire group of patients before surgery was 41.5 ± 12.8 points, and 15 months after sur gery – 94.9 ± 3.4 points. Two recurrent dislocations were revealed, one of which was associated with repeated trauma, and the other – with an incorrect choice of stabilization technique. One complication (axillary nerve neuropathy) was observed, which was arrested conservatively.Conclusions. The proposed algorithm allowed us to obtain positive results in 97.9 % of cases.

Introduction Traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder usually results in chronic recurrent shoulder instability, especially in young adults. To reduce the rate of recurrent dislocations, various options of osteoplastic operations have been proposed. The purpose of our study is to determine the significance of anatomical and functional disorders in patients with anterior shoulder joint instability; to evaluate the results of the methods for surgical treatment of patients with anterior recurrent instability of the shoulder joint, depending on the anatomical and functional disorders. Materials and methods The results of diagnostic examination and treatment of 169 patients with recurrent post-traumatic dislocation of the shoulder who were operated on at the Federal State Budgetary Organization “Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics and Arthroplasty” (Cheboksary) were analyzed. The average age of patients was 31.1 ± 13.1 years; the average period of postoperative follow-up was 49.5 ± 24.0 months. Clinical data were assessed by angulometry, using the ROWE, ASES, UCLA, VAS scales. The size of bone defects was determined using radiological methods. 99 patients (58.6 %) underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair, 24 patients (14.2 %) with more than 15 % anterior glenoid bone defect underwent Latarjet operation. Bankart + Remplissage surgery was performed in 39 patients (23.1 %), Latarjet + Remplissage in 7 (4.1 %) patients. Results Bone defect of the glenoid of more than 15 % of the area was detected in 32 patients. Hill-Sachs grade 3 injury was reported in 24 patients. Most of these patients had a history of more than 20 dislocation episodes. Hyperelasticity of the shoulder joint was found in 34 patients. In the postoperative period, there was a slight improvement in the mean indicators of flexion and abduction in the shoulder joint from 174.2 ± 15.9° and 170.6 ± 17.8° to 175.6 ± 9.3° and 173.0 ± 12.3°, respectively. The mean external rotation worsened from 61.6 ± 25.7° to 55.9 ± 14.4°. Indicators of the ROWE, ASES, UCLA rating scales improved significantly from 38.5 ± 8.5, 76.0 ± 13.2 and 20.8 ± 3.0 to 89.9 ± 17.5, 94.0 ± 7.1 and 32.7 ± 3.7 points, respectively. Poor results were observed in 7 patients (4.1 %), of which three had a relapse. Conclusions Critically significant anatomical and functional disorders in patients with anterior instability of the shoulder joint are the defect of the anterior rim of the articular process of the scapula more than 15 %, the defect of the posterior surface of the humeral head (Hill-Sachs defect) of grade 3, hyperelasticity of the soft tissues of the shoulder joint. The severity of bone defects is directly proportional to the total number of dislocations. The effectiveness of surgical techniques for stabilizing the shoulder joint, depending on the above anatomical and functional disorders, was 95.9 %.

At least 50% of factors predisposing to alcohol dependence (AD) are genetic and women affected with this disorder present with more psychiatric comorbidities, probably indicating different genetic factors involved. We aimed to run a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by a bioinformatic functional annotation of associated genomic regions in male and female patients with AD and eight related clinical measures. A genome-wide significant association of rs220677 with AD (p-value = 1.33×10^-8 calculated with the Yates-corrected Chi-square test under the assumption of dominant inheritance) was discovered in female patients. Associations of AD and related clinical measures with seven other single nucleotide polymorphisms listed in previous GWAS of psychiatric and addiction traits were differently replicated in male and female patients. The bioinformatic analysis showed that regulatory elements in the eight associated linkage disequilibrium blocks define the expression of 80 protein-coding genes. Nearly 68% of these and of 120 previously published coding genes associated with alcohol phenotypes directly interact in a single network. This study indicates that a number of genes behind the pathogenesis of AD are different in male and female patients, but implicated molecular mechanisms are functionally connected. The results also suggest the genetic basis of sex-specific psychiatric comorbidities of AD.

The medical community, researchers and healthcare organizers are constantly challenged by comparing key indexes reflecting the effectiveness of cardiovascular care, primarily for the dynamic assessment and implementation of the world's best practices to reduce cardiovascular mortality. The analysis of health care for patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a complex, multicomponent process, the structure and key tools of which differ from country to country. Using different data sources, methodological and analytical approaches creates certain limitations and barriers to the assessment. In order to update the ideas about the modern coordinate system and tools for assessing cardiovascular care, the authors presented practices for analyzing major indexes in Russia, European countries, and the United States. The review presents sources of statistical data, principles for assessing risk factors, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and specific features of monitoring the availability and quality of cardiovascular care.

An empirical formula is derived for the temperature of polyurethane shock absorbers of different hardness in cyclic loading as a function of the compressive strain, loading frequency, and vibrational amplitude.

The effect of ambient humidity on the electrical conductivity of α-Ga2O3 and α-Ga2O3/ε-Ga2O3 is investigated. Polymorphic epitaxial Ga2O3 layers are deposited by the method of chloride vapor-phase epitaxy on sapphire substrates. The contacts are made of Pt and Pt/Ti. It is discovered that the I–V characteristics of the Pt/α-Ga2O3/Pt and Pt/Ti/α-Ga2O3/ε-Ga2O3/Ti/Pt structures have a high sensitivity to atmospheric humidity in the temperature range of 25–100°C. It is found that the effect of water vapor on the I–V characteristics is reversible, and the most significant current changes in the samples are observed at a relative humidity of RH ≥ 60%. As the temperature rises, the effect of atmospheric humidity on the I–V characteristics decreases and disappears at temperatures of T > 100°C. The experimental results obtained are explained within the framework of the Grotthuss mechanism.

Secondary prevention should be actively implemented at all stages of treatment and rehabilitation of patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The integration of remote monitoring of patients with the transfer of vital and laboratory data into clinical practice seems promising.Aim. To evaluate the clinical and patient-centered effectiveness of the original 12-month combined face-to-face and telecare program in patients with recent ACS.Material and methods. For the present analysis the data from 84 (out of 100) patients (median age, 56 (50;61) years, 70 males) was used. These patients had to have hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes and an ACS with percutaneous revascularization within 12 months. Their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) had to be above 2,4 mmol/L. Telehealth program supplemented routine care. A program contained electronic self-control diaries for blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile, and teleconsulting service (text chat). Mandatory face-to-face visits were carried out at 3 and 12 months after the enrollment. The primary end point was ∆LDL-C. Additional clinical and patient-specific endpoints were evaluated.Results. At the 12-month visit, there was a significant decrease in LDL-C by 1,6 (-2,3;-0,9) mmol/L. Besides the initial LDL-C value, the decrease in LDL-C was associated with the proper adherence to keeping diaries of BP and lipid profile (β=0,7), and the number of text messages sent by the doctor in the 1st month after the enrollment (β=0,04). In more adherent patients, the ∆LDL-C was greater by 0,49 mmol/L (95% CI (-1,2; -0,1)) after adjustment for abovementioned covariates. In 35 patients (42%), target LDL-C was achieved, in 60 patients (71%) — a decrease ≥1 mmol/l. Other lipids also have changed for the better. Moreover, adherent patients were twice as likely to achieve the target LDL-C (OR 2,2; 95% CI (0,6; 3,8)) than non-adherent ones. A decrease in office systolic BP by 5,8 mm Hg was shown (p=0,03). The number of physician-to-patient messages exceeded those from patients to physician (median 143 and 111 per patient for 12 months, respectively). The quality of life has improved, but only in terms of emotions. Satisfaction with the program remained high at all timepoints of the study.Conclusion. Our study showed the effectiveness of the integrated care in ACS patients with the telehealth tool included. Commitment to BP self-monitoring, as well as active consultative support at the first stages of rehabilitation, contributes to additional dynamic control of lipid profile, timely correction of lipid-lowering therapy with the achievement of the target LDL-C level. Most of the patients did not experience any difficulties in using the program and are ready to recommend integrated approach to other peers.

As an essential precursor, K2MnF6 plays an important role in the preparation of Mn4+-activated fluoride materials, but its deterioration in pure water hampers development of a green route. Herein, ...

The poor water resistance property of a commercial Mn4+-activated narrow-band red-emitting fluoride phosphor restricts its promising applications in high-performance white LEDs and wide-gamut displays. Herein, we develop a structural rigidity-enhancing strategy using a novel KHF2:Mn4+ precursor as a Mn source to construct a proton-containing water-resistant phosphor K2(H)TiF6:Mn4+ (KHTFM). The parasitic [HMnF6]- complexes in the interstitial site from the fall off the KHF2:Mn4+ are also transferred to the K2TiF6 host by ion exchange to form KHTFM with rigid bonding networks, improving the water resistance and thermostability of the sample. The KHTFM sample retains at least 92% of the original emission value after 180 min of water immersion, while the non-water-resistant K2TiF6:Mn4+(KTFM) phosphor maintains only 23%. Therefore, these findings not only illustrate the effect of protons on fluoride but also provide a novel insight into commercial water-resistant fluoride phosphors.

Very high results, the achievement of which is possible only with long systematic train-ing with the use of large and sometimes excessive physical activity characterizes modern sports. The preparation process from beginner to master of sports takes an average of 5–10 years. During this time, the athlete must develop and improve special physical and mental qualities, as well as master certain motor skills specific to this sport. Therefore, children's and youth's organisms of athletes are subject to increased loads, especially in classes that develop endurance. But not always physical activity contributes to the strengthening of the body, sometimes excessive loads, especially with the wrong approach, lead to complications from the cardiovascular system, in particular, to changes in heart rate. Therefore, the issue of adapting the functions of the heart of young athletes to muscle loads becomes increasingly important. The purpose of the work was to study the activities of the cardiovascular system of skiers-riders in the preparatory period of the one-year cycle. Currently, various methods of functional diagnosis of the cardiovascular system are used. We considered the results obtained during electrocardiographic examination of skiers-riders. We investigated electrical activity of the heart and presented model characteristics according to the considered indicators.

An experimental setup for studying the friction and wear of elastomeric samples in frictional contact with a ground steel surface is described. An empirical relationship for determining the kinetic friction coefficient of elastomeric materials as a function of pressure, slipping velocity, and hardness is presented.

A new model of laminar vibrational combustion is constructed relying on a thermodynamic analysis of the combustion process. Two combustion modes, detonation and deflagration, are modeled. The nature of their origin depending on the structure of the standard chemical potential is established, and a numerical experiment concerning the onset of these combustion modes is carried out. By controlling the velocity of the passive component at the inlet, the critical value of the standard chemical potential is identified at which there appear high-frequency vibrations leading to blow-up.

Barley is a problematic raw material for ethanol processing due to its chemical composition. ?-glucans and pentosans high content increases the mass viscosity and digestible carbohydrates loss at еру water-heat treatment stage. The enzymes used to pre-treat grain prior to fermentation are traditionally ?-amylases and glucoamylases. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal ratio of enzymes introduced in different periods of water-heat treatment. The object of study was barley: starch 52, protein 11.5, hemicellulose 5.1, ?-glucan 3.9, moisture 14.0. Enzyme preparations Alphaferm 3500L (0.5–1.0 AC / g starch), ViscoStar 150L (3700 units KS / cm3; 140 units ? – GcS / cm3; 1900 units CMC / cm3.), Prolive BS Liquid (600-750 units PS / cm?) were used in the work. The dynamics of viscosity change in the process of water-heat treatment was investigated in the work as well. It was found out that the dosage of the enzyme preparation Alphaferm 3500L has the greatest effect on the mass fraction of dry substances in the filtrate of barley mix, while the dosage of other enzyme preparations and the duration of the experiment have a smaller and similar effect. It was proved that the application of a multienzyme complex reduces the viscosity by 82% compared to the control. The method of indefinite Lagrange multipliers was used to determine the optimal mode of water-heat treatment. It was found out that the maximum accumulation of dry substances in the mixture is 16.4% and is achieved after 2.5 hours with the following doses of enzyme preparations: Alphaferm 3500 L - 0.6 units. AC / g starch; ViscoStar 150L - 0.025 units GCS / g starch; Prolyve BS Liquide 0.25 units PS / g starch.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common neurological damage in children that's why it is extremely important to identify and analyze biomarkers that can help in predicting patient's treatment and recovery in period of mTBI. Aim of this study is to verify a hypothesis that functional connectivity disturbances between intact cerebellum and DMN nodes are included in symptomatic manifestation of mTBI.Methods. 28 MR negative patients with mTBI were studied in age from 12 to 17 years (mean age – 14.7 years). The control group consisted of 23 healthy children. All MRI studies wereperformed on a Philips AchievadStream 3.0 T scanner equipped with a 32-channelPhilips dStream head coil. A 4 min rsfMRI gradient-echo echo planar imaging (EPI)sequence was acquired (TR = 3000 ms, echo time (TE) = 30 ms, 80 dynamics withdynamic scan time = 3 s). fMRI data were processed using functional connectivitytoolbox CONN.Results. No statistically significant differences in correlation strengths between control group and group of patients were detected as a result of DMN analysis. Intergroup seed-basedcorrelation ROI analysis revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05) differencein links between DMN regions and vermis (cerebellum): positive link in control group and negative link in groupof patients.Conclusions. The revealed changes in DMN neuronal connection and cerebellar regions in acute stage of mTBI patients can be an initial step of damages leading to cognitive deficit which can be developed in future.

Tuning crystal phase transformations is very important for obtaining polymorphs for phosphors with the ideal optical properties and stability. Mn4+-doped K2GeF6 (KGF) is a typical polymorphic phosphor, but the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism of its phase transformation is still unclear. Herein, the phase transformation of polymorphs varying from P63mc KGF and trigonal KGF to P63mc Si4+-doped KGF is realized by introducing the synergistic action of an HF solution and Si4+ ions. The full structural refinements of KGF polymorphs at room temperature and the electronic band structure calculations were performed. The results show that the Si4+-doped hexagonal KGF polymorph with good photoluminescence properties is the most stable phase according to the calculated total energy landscape and relative formation energy. The morphologic changes were monitored in situ to clearly understand the rapid phase transformation mechanism, which proves that the phase transformation is driven by a simple precipitation-dissolution equilibrium and ionic exchange.

Purpose.To study the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on the oxygen regime and ammonia metabolism in the neurons of cat cortex in hemorrhagic shock.Material and methods.Experiments were performed on 164 cats (males). The effect of HBO (3 ATA, 50 min) on cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen tension (PO2), the content of ammonia (Am), glutamine (Gn), glutamate (Gt), α-ketglutarate (α-KG), the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDG), glutamine synthetase (GS), phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG) activity was studied in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC); the content of Am, GN and oxygen parameters in arterial (AB) blood and venous blood (VB) of the sagittal sinus in hemorrhagic shock caused by fractional bloodletting of their femoral artery at a rate of 10ml/kg/10 min in an average volume of 24±0.8 ml/kg, which was stopped with a decrease in systolic blood pressure to the level of 60.0±1.5 mm Hg. HBO was commenced on post-hemorrhagic minute 10 following the regimen of 3 ATA for 60 min.Results.The decrease in CBF and PO2in SMC develops as early as the 10th minute of hemorrhagic shock, progressing to the stage of hemorrhagic shock decompensation (60±14 min). Accumulation of Am in the SMC at the stage of hemorrhagic shock decompensation associated with stimulation of PDG and GDG activity, inhibition of hemorrhagic shock activity and deficiency of α-KG. HBO, without eliminating hypoxia in SMC, prevented the development of the decompensation stage in animals with GS, pathological accumulation of Am, and a decrease in the activity of hemorrhagic shock. HBO increases the Gn increment from the SMC, into the blood. Under HBO conditions, the stimulating effect of hypoxia on GDG activity remains, but the concentration of glutamate remains within the normal range, as does the activity of PDG.Conclusion.Hyperbaric oxygenation, without eliminating hypoxia in SMC, which develops in hemorrhagic shock, prevents a violation of the exchange of ammonia in it, caused by acute non-compensated blood loss.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast is used in the production of ethyl alcohol. The main requirements for yeast used in the production of ethyl alcohol from starch-containing raw materials: alcohol yeast used in the processing of starchy raw materials must have high fermentation activity; complete fermentability of sugars, resistance to metabolic products, resistance to the development of extraneous microflora. Proteolytic enzyme preparation Prolive BS Liquid was used as a source of protease. Kingphos enzyme preparation was used as a source of phytase. The effect of the enzyme preparations of the neutral protease Prolive BS Liquid and Phytase Kingphos on the fermentation activity of alcohol yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae race XII was studied. The maximum fermentation activity is possessed by yeast cultivated on the wort, obtained using protease and phytase. The duration of the exponential growth phase in the experiment is 14–16 hours, in the control -18–20 hours. The exponential phase is described by the Mono equation. Compared to the yeast in the control, the yeast in the experiment multiplies more intensively, and by 14–16 hours of growth, about 170 million yeast cells accumulate in the culture medium, and the yeast in the control-about 95 million yeast cells by 18–20 h of growth. The specific growth rate was maximum in the logarithmic phase and amounted to 0.35 million cells / cm3 • h in the experimental samples and 0.25 million cells / cm3 • h in the control. It was found that the maximum accumulation of yeast cells was observed when the neutral enzyme Prolive BS Liquid was added to the wort with a dosage of 0.2 units. PS/g of starch and enzyme preparation Phytase Kingfos with a dosage of 0.5 units. FS/g of starch, the yeast cell content in mature yeast reached 170 million cells / cm3 by 16-18 hours of cultivation, the yeast has a high fermentation activity.

The article shows the role of the agro-industrial complex in ensuring food security of the state. Characterized are the changes that have occurred in recent months in connection with the coronavirus pandemic. Proposals are made about possible strategic transformations of food enterprises that will allow Russian producers to overcome the risks that have arisen and provide consumers with high-quality and safe food products. Rosstat data for the period from 2012 to 2018 on the production of basic food products in the Russian Federation and the Voronezh region, the purchasing power of the population, as well as their consumption of basic food products are presented. The analysis of the actual nutrition of the population of the Russian Federation and the Voronezh region. Proposals have been made that to overcome the post-crisis crisis, it is necessary to restore Russia's influence in the post- Soviet space and the formation of a single economic space within the EAEU.

As a luminous center, Mn2+ has the advantages of high efficiency, safety, and low cost, and has been widely used to improve the color rendering index of garnet structured phosphors. Although the position of Mn2+ in garnet structures and its corresponding spectrum have been widely discussed, there is no convincing conclusion. In this paper, the selectivity of Mn2+ ion occupancy in the Y3Al5O12:0.1Ce3+,yMn2+ (y = 0–0.22) garnet structure and their corresponding emission spectra were determined. At low substitution density, Mn2+ ions (y = 0–0.007) easily replace Al3+ ions in the octahedron and emit 590 nm red light under 450 nm blue light excitation, which were determined by calculating the formation energy of the (Mn/Al) and (Mn/Y) local coordination and powder XRD analysis. Upon increasing the Mn2+ concentration from 0.007 to 0.22, the emission light with a peak at 750 nm gradually appears. Meanwhile, the effect of Y3+ ions on the energy transfer of Ce3+ → Mn2+ in (Lu1−xYx)3Al4.8Si0.2O12:0.1Ce3+,0.2Mn2+ (x = 0–1) is achieved through the reduction of the distance between Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions in the dodecahedron. The above work provides support for the correct understanding of the luminescence behavior of Mn2+, and the influence of the microstructure on the energy transfer of Ce3+ → Mn2+ ions. Finally, high color rendering index (83.4) wLEDs were fabricated by the Lu1.2Y1.8Al4.8Si0.2O12:0.1Ce3+,0.2Mn2+ phosphor and the blue chip under 120 mA.

The authors present an efficient modification method of X-ray fluorescence separation with mineral and organic luminophores used to adjust spectral and kinetic characteristics of anomalously luminescent diamonds. The mechanism of attachment of luminophores at diamonds and hydrophobic minerals is proved, including interaction between the organic component of emulsions and the hydrophobic surface of a treated object and the concentration of insoluble luminophore grains at the organic and water interface. Selective attachment of the luminophore-bearing organic phase of emulsion at the diamond surface is achieved owing to phosphatic dispersing agents. Tri-sodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate added to emulsion reduce attachment of the luminophore-bearing organic phase at the surface of kimberlite minerals. It is shown that phosphate concentration of 1.0–1.5 g/l modifies and stabilizes spectral and kinematic parameters of kimberlite mineral on the level of initial values. This mode maintains the spectral and kinematic characteristics of anomalously luminescent diamonds at the wanted level to ensure extraction of diamonds to concentrate.

On the basis of thermodynamic analysis, new mathematical models of the combus- tion process (thermal theory) and vibrational combustion are constructed. A global inhomo- geneity of the system can be described as an inhomogeneous distribution of the enthalpy over a two-component mixture. In this case, for the combustion process in the phase space of the variables (%, P, T, n, S, E), an increase in the enthalpy is not a total differential. An increase in the enthalpy is a total differential on the local equilibrium manifold (a laminar combustion process). These two assertions, which allow one to single out in the phase space the corre- sponding adiabatic of the combustion process (the Hugoniot adiabatic) and the equation for the entropy, close the classical mathematical model of the combustion process. The above numerical experiments show that two regimes of the combustion process (deflagration and detonation) depend on the structure of the standard chemical potential Moreover, a control of the passive component velocity at the inlet results in (depending on the structure of the standard chemical potential) high-frequency oscillations, which are responsible for a blow-up.

Light is a fuel for photosynthesis and plays an irreplaceable role in seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, flowering induction, and accumulation of nutrients. However, the current phosphors combined with LEDs for photosynthesis have some unsolved problems, such as low efficiency, poor thermal stability, unvarying emission wavelength or non-matching spectrum, which restrict their applications. In this work, a series of novel efficient Lu3Al5O12:10%Ca2+,xBi3+,yMn4+ phosphors with blue-violet plus deep red dual-emission peaking at 419 and 669 nm have been first reported, which can meet the different light requirements of plants by controlling the concentration ratio of Bi3+ and Mn4+, and they possess at most 90.64% spectrum resemblance to the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll A and B. Furthermore, these phosphors exhibit high internal efficiency and at most reserve 95% of the initial intensity at 425 K. Finally, as a light source for monitoring the fluorescence spectra of evergreen plants, pc-LEDs were fabricated by UV chips and our synthesized phosphors. The results reveal that these phosphors can achieve as high as 83% photosynthetic efficiency for evergreen plants and improve it by 10% than a single emission phosphor, which shows good application prospects for improving plant photosynthesis.

—Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain; it plays an important role in various types of synaptic plasticity and pathology. In the present work, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and two modified MEGA-PRESS pulse sequences, that is, –GABAMEGA-PRESS and +GABAMEGA-PRESS, were used to investigate the effect of visual stimulation on the GABA level in the human visual cortex in vivo. With –GABAMEGA-PRESS, it was possible to acquire the 1H-NMR signal of methylated protons of GABA with the chemical shift δ = 3.01 ppm without the signals from macromolecules. When +GABAMEGA-PRESS was used, the GABA signal was a superposition of resonances of methylene protons of GABA and macromolecules. The effect of constant visual stimulation on the level of N-acetylaspartate and total level of glutamate and glutamine was also estimated. Constant visual stimulation had no effect on the levels of N-acetylaspartate and glutamine in the visual cortex. The –GABA signal intensity decreased with a statistically significant decrease in the level of GABA signal intensity leading to inactivation of GABA synthesis. No statistically significant changes in the intensity of the +GABA resonance were found, probably due to the effect of visual stimulation on macromolecules. In order to test this hypothesis, a signal from macromolecules was acquired using a specifically designed inversion-recovery pulse sequence. It was shown that the intensity of this signal is unaffected by visual stimulation and the absence of changes in the intensity of the +GABA signal during the stimulation has to be considered as the masking effect of macromolecular signal.

The electrical conductivity of pseudohexagonal ε(κ)-Ga2O3 films under different ambient gases (H2, NO2, O2, and CO) is studied in a range of temperatures from 400 to 550 °C. The exposure of ε(κ)-Ga2O3 to reducing gases such as H2 and CO results in a reversible increase in current and conductance. The exposure to the oxidizing gases such as NO2 and O2 has the opposite effect. The maximum response to reducing gases (H2 and CO) is observed at 500 °C and to oxidizing gases at 550 and 450 °C for NO2 and O2, respectively. The highest sensitivity to H2 is achieved at low applied voltages (≤7.9 V). In contrast, the highest sensitivity to NO2 is observed at high applied voltages. The response and recovery times and temporal drift of ε(κ)-Ga2O3 characteristics under different ambient are estimated. Polycrystalline ε(κ)-Ga2O3 exhibits the semiconducting mechanism of electron transport at high temperatures. A qualitative model of the gas-sensing effect based on the modulation of electron concentration near the surface region of ε(κ)-Ga2O3 due to the chemisorption of gas molecules is described. Tin doping of ε(κ)-Ga2O3 increases the response to H2 at the temperature range from 25 to 550 °C.

TiO2 films of 130 nm and 463 nm in thickness were deposited by ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD), followed by annealing at temperatures of 800 °C and 1000 °C. The effect of H2, CO, CO2, NO2, NO, CH4 and O2 on the electrically conductive properties of annealed TiO2 thin films in the operating temperature range of 200–750 °C were studied. The prospects of IBSD deposited TiO2 thin films in the development of high operating temperature and high stability O2 sensors were investigated. TiO2 films with a thickness of 130 nm and annealed at 800 °C demonstrated the highest response to O2, of 7.5 arb.un. when exposed to 40 vol. %. An increase in the annealing temperature of up to 1000 °C at the same film thickness made it possible to reduce the response and recovery by 2 times, due to changes in the microstructure of the film surface. The films demonstrated high sensitivity to H2 and nitrogen oxides at an operating temperature of 600 °C. The possibility of controlling the responses to different gases by varying the conditions of their annealing and thicknesses was shown. A feasible mechanism for the sensory effect in the IBSD TiO2 thin films was proposed and discussed.

This paper considers development of positioning systems for manipulator links to solve the forward kinematics problem (FKP) and inverse kinematics problem (IKP). Here we study a robotic manipulator with four degrees of freedom. It should be noted, that one of the relevant research problems of modern modular robotic devices consists in the lack of the universal algorithms, that would ensure kinematics problem recalculations in the cases of reconfigurations of the whole system. Challenges, the researchers are facing with when solving this problem, have to do with geometrical and non-linear equations (trigonometric equations), finding of inverse matrix of the Denavit—Hartenberg presentation, as well with other problems, such as multiple solutions when using the analytical approach. Common mathematical solutions of the inverse kinematics problem, such as geometric, iterative and algebraic ones, may not always lead to physically appropriate solutions. It’s also noteworthy, that, trying to introduce physical solutions for the manipulator, we need to take into account, that the number of calculation formulas increases, what, in turn, causes further computing power consumption increase. If the manipulator acquires additional degrees of freedom, analytical modeling becomes virtually impossible. One of relevant inverse kinematics solution methods consists in implementation of neural networks to that end. To solve this problem various sources were analyzed, considering alternative ways of target point discovery. Considering the analyzed papers, we propose to use a perceptron. Before training the network, we compose an algorithm, calculating the Denavit—Hartman presentation matrix and check for correctness of target point reach by the terminal manipulator link. We did calculations for a thousand positions of manipulator and object in the environment, fed to the neural network. When solving FKP we obtain object coordinates as network output, whereas in the case of IKP — manipulator link angles. We present kinematic scheme testing results, as well a control scheme for a manipulator with four degrees of freedom.

The extent of the problem of heart failure determines the priority of the intention of developing and implementing an optimal model of medical care for this group of patients. The article describes the key components of the heart failure medical care (continuity, patient routing, educational activities) and provides examples of documents, protocols, checklists that can be used in real clinical practice by specialists in medical organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation.

Genetics and environmental and lifestyle factors deeply affect cardiovascular diseases, with atherosclerosis as the etiopathological factor (ACVD) and their early recognition can significantly contribute to an efficient prevention and treatment of the disease. Due to the vast number of these factors, only the novel “omic” approaches are surmised. In addition to genomics, which extended the effective therapeutic potential for complex and rarer diseases, the use of “omics” presents a step-forward that can be harnessed for more accurate ACVD prediction and risk assessment in larger populations. The analysis of these data by artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) strategies makes is possible to decipher the large amount of data that derives from such techniques, in order to provide an unbiased assessment of pathophysiological correlations and to develop a better understanding of the molecular background of ACVD. The predictive models implementing data from these “omics”, are based on consolidated AI best practices for classical ML and deep learning paradigms that employ methods (e.g., Integrative Network Fusion method, using an AI/ML supervised strategy and cross-validation) to validate the reproducibility of the results. Here, we highlight the proposed integrated approach for the prediction and diagnosis of ACVD with the presentation of the key elements of a joint scientific project of the University of Milan and the Almazov National Medical Research Centre.

At least 50% of factors predisposing to alcohol dependence (AD) are genetic and women affected with this disorder present with more psychiatric comorbidities, probably indicating different genetic factors involved. We aimed to run a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by a bioinformatic functional annotation of associated genomic regions in patients with AD and eight related clinical measures. A genome-wide significant association of rs220677 with AD (p-value = 1.33 × 10−8 calculated with the Yates-corrected χ2 test under the assumption of dominant inheritance) was discovered in female patients. Associations of AD and related clinical measures with seven other single nucleotide polymorphisms listed in previous GWASs of psychiatric and addiction traits were differently replicated in male and female patients. The bioinformatic analysis showed that regulatory elements in the eight associated linkage disequilibrium blocks define the expression of 80 protein-coding genes. Nearly 68% of these and of 120 previously published coding genes associated with alcohol phenotypes directly interact in a single network, where BDNF is the most significant hub gene. This study indicates that several genes behind the pathogenesis of AD are different in male and female patients, but implicated molecular mechanisms are functionally connected. The study also reveals a central role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of AD.

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are associated with high demographic and economic losses. Their decrease is one of the main lines of development and improvement of the world health systems. An analysis of the current situation in the Russian Federation (RF) demonstrates that the areas of concern in system for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) patients’ care are the insufficient and untimely identification of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as their ineffective management due to the incomplete implementation of existing risk stratification guidelines and decision making. To achieve the aim of reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases by 2024 and further preserving of this tendency, along with the introduction of a long-term population-based strategy for creating a healthy lifestyle, it is necessary to shift the focus from emergency care and performing high-tech interventions to long-term management of cardiovascular risks. The introduction of a new model of specialized care for cardiovascular diseases, the cardiovascular risk management system, is aimed at the efficient use of healthcare resources and providing the reduction in cardiovascular mortality.

The conclusion of the Expert Council reports an agreement on the place of the P2Y 12 receptor blocker prasugrel in the early invasive treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome ACS, according to the results of the multicenter randomized controlled study ISAR-REACT 5. Prasugrel should be considered the preferred P2Y 12 receptor blocker in the planned primary percutaneous coronary intervention and early invasive management of patients with ST segment elevation ACS. Herewith, prasugrel intake in patients with non-ST segment elevation ACS is preferable after coronary angiography and decision for coronary stenting.