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Submitted by Thassio Monteiro Menezes Da Silva (thassio_monteiro@hotmail.com) on 2020-04-16T19:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Thassio_Monteiro_Menezes_da_Silva.pdf: 1645488 bytes, checksum: e2c220a644f0e258b63ab7c0deec2ab7 (MD5) Submitted by Thassio Monteiro Menezes Da Silva (thassio_monteiro@hotmail.com) on 2020-04-16T19:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Thassio_Monteiro_Menezes_da_Silva.pdf: 1645488 bytes, checksum: e2c220a644f0e258b63ab7c0deec2ab7 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Submitted by Thassio Monteiro Menezes Da Silva (thassio_monteiro@hotmail.com) on 2020-04-16T19:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Thassio_Monteiro_Menezes_da_Silva.pdf: 1645488 bytes, checksum: e2c220a644f0e258b63ab7c0deec2ab7 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Submitted by Thassio Monteiro Menezes Da Silva (thassio_monteiro@hotmail.com) on 2020-04-16T19:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Thassio_Monteiro_Menezes_da_Silva.pdf: 1645488 bytes, checksum: e2c220a644f0e258b63ab7c0deec2ab7 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lucia de Grava Kempinas (algkempinas@fca.unesp.br) on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-16T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_tmm_me_botfca.pdf: 1550835 bytes, checksum: 5855e8ff4ebb8649b6e56d3eb2f19281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Sensores podem auxiliar no monitoramento do nitrogênio no tecido foliar e da água no solo, mas para esse propósito eles necessitam ser calibrados. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor um procedimento para o uso do clorofilômetro em ma área de produção comercial de uva para vinho, no contexto da vitivinicultura de precisão, avaliando a variabilidade temporal do teor de nitrogênio foliar e as suas relações com as zonas homogêneas de solo e da planta. O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Espirito Santo do Pinhal, estado de São Paulo, no ciclo de produção de 2019 de um vinhedo com a cv. Chardonnay sobre o porta-enxerto Paulsen 1103. O vinhedo foi irrigado e fertirrigado por um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. O equipamento HS2 HydroSense, calibrado para diferentes zonas homogêneas quanto a fração granulométrica do solo, foi utilizado em 6 datas durante o ciclo de produção para a determinação do conteúdo de água a 0-20 cm de profundidade, e em 20 pontos por zona. O índice relativo de clorofila foi medido pelo clorofilômetro ClorofiLOG CFL 1030 em 4 datas durante o ciclo de produção, e em 40 plantas por data. Para a calibração do clorofilômetro, amostras de folhas foram coletadas para a determinação em laboratório dos teores de clorofila e de nitrogênio. A produção por planta, número de cachos por planta, massa média de cachos por planta e produtividade da área total foram determinados. A maturação tecnológica das bagas foi observada por amostragens periódicas de bagas para a determinação do pH, ácido málico e sólidos solúveis. A partir dos modelos gerados, o clorofilômetro foi capaz de estimar com precisão satisfatória os teores de clorofila a, b e total, mas para os teores de nitrogênio foliar, a precisão foi menor. Foi possível estimar com elevada precisão a umidade do solo por meio dos modelos matemáticos gerados. As zonas homogêneas de solo apresentaram grande influência sob a umidade do solo, parâmetros da planta e da produção das videiras. As zonas homogêneas de NDVI, medidas com o uso do sensor ativo Crop Circle ACS 430, apresentaram pouca influência sob os parâmetros da planta, sendo mais relacionadas aos aspectos qualitativos das uvas. Os índices relativos de clorofila e os teores de clorofila demonstraram comportamento semelhante ao do nitrogênio foliar, com a interação dos pigmentos com os teores de nitrogênio foliar sendo mais acentuada quando comparadas dentro das zonas homogêneas de solo. Sensors can assist in monitoring leaf tissue nitrogen and soil water, but for this purpose they need to be calibrated. Thus, the present study aimed to propose a procedure for the use of a chlorophyll meter in a commercial growing area of wine grapes, within the context of precision viticulture, evaluating the temporal variability of leaf nitrogen content and its relationship with homogeneous soil and plant zones. The study was carried out at Espirito Santo do Pinhal, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in the 2019 growing season of vineyard of cv. Chardonnay grifted on Paulsen 1103 rootstock. Plants were irrigated and fertigated by a drip irrigation system. The HS2 HydroSense equipment, calibrated for different homogeneous zone of soil fractions, was used to determine the water content at 0-20 cm depth in 6 days throughout the growing season, at 20 points in each zone. The relative chlorophyll index was measured using the chlorophyll meter ClorofiLOG CFL 1030 in 4 days throughout the growing season, in 40 plants by day. Leaf samples were collected for laboratory determination of chlorophyll and nitrogen contentes and calibration of the chlorophyll meter. The production per plant, number of bunches per plant, average mass of bunches per plant and yield (total area) were determined. The technological maturation was observed by periodic sampling of berries to determination of pH, malic acid and soluble solids in laboratory. From the mathematical models generated, the chlorophyll meter was able to estimate with satisfactory precision the levels of chlorophyll a, b and total, but for the levels of leaf nitrogen, the precision was lower. It was possible to estimate the soil moisture with high precision through the mathematical models generated. The soil homogeneous zones had a great influence on soil moisture, plant parameters and grape production. The homogeneous zones of NDVI, measured with an active sensor (Croip Circle ACS430), showed little influence on the plant parameters, and were more related to the grape qualitative characteristics. The relative chlorophyll indices and chlorophyll contents showed a behavior similar to that of leaf nitrogen, with the interaction of pigments with leaf nitrogen levels being more accentuated when compared within soil homogeneous zones. CNPq: 131352/2018-0

5 Figuras.-- 4 Tablas, The chlorophyll degradation is a visual phenomenon that was puzzling for decades; chlorophylls even “seemed to disappear without leaving a trace.” But, finally in 1991, the structure of the first noncolored chlorophyll catabolite (NCC) was elucidated (Kräutler et al., 1991) and the degradation pathway proposed (Matile et al., 1999). Since then, a dozen different structures have been identified in vegetal species, belonging to a unique catabolic group, the NCCs, with a common skeleton and three fixed positions available for bonding specific functional groups. NCCs seemed to be the final and exclusive catabolites formed after chlorophyll degradation and accumulated in vacuoles. They were considered as the chlorophyll terminal compounds after the senescence or ripening process in vegetal tissues. It is assumed that the degradation pathway was linear from chlorophyll to NCC and that the presence of such catabolites was ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. Surprisingly, in the last five years, with the advance of the investigation, new chlorophyll catabolites have been identified that are structurally related to NCCs. There are vegetal species that during senescence/ripening do not accumulate NCCs (Banala et al., 2010), but different sort of compounds, the hypermodified fluorescent chlorophyll catabolites (hmFCCs), that present some modifications in their structure avoid the transformation to NCCs. Additionally, a divergent path of the chlorophyll breakdown route that yields new chlorophyll catabolites, such as the dioxobilin-type nonfluorescent chlorophyll catabolites (DNCCs) was discovered (Müller et al., 2011). And recently, new structures, probably coming from the oxidation of NCCs have also been identified (Süssenbacher et al., 2014). In fact, the existing different paths for chlorophyll catabolism have complicated the initial scenario in such a way that it has been necessary to introduce a new term: phyllobilins. This name includes a family of chlorophyll catabolites, which are chlorophyll-derived linear tetrapyrroles that encompasses, so far, formyl-oxobilin-type and dioxobilin-type-tetrapyrroles (Kräutler and Hörtensteiner, 2013). The introduction of this new terminology implies a new vision of the chlorophyll catabolism and its products. Phyllobilins are structurally closer compounds to the other well-known group of natural tetrapyrroles, the heme-derived bilins (Kräutler, 2014). Consequently, new functionalities for the group of vegetal phyllobilins are arising or deserve attention. Thus, it is known that NCCs present similar antioxidant properties to bilirubin (Müller et al., 2007), and that NCCs are available by the human-intestinal epithelium (Roca, 2012). Consequently, new methodological approaches are developing (Ríos et al., 2014) to elucidate the complete set of chlorophyll catabolites present in senescent/ripened vegetal tissues. The chapter will include a review of the recent findings regarding the phyllobilins with a detailed description of the structures of phyllobilins, methods of analysis and isolation, spectroscopic techniques applied for structural elucidation, and the relationship between structure of phyllobilins and possible physiological actions., This work was supported by the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT-EU, Spanish and European Government, AGL2015-63890-R) and by Junta de Andalucía (AGR 6271-2011).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-11-22Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:00:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000754696_20141122.pdf: 234844 bytes, checksum: 8e702d577f331bcdedad80437ac6ecfd (MD5) O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a capacidade de recuperação de Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer após estresse hídrico em função das variações das trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila a e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes. O experimento foi implantado em blocos casualizados com três tratamentos (Irrigação, Suspensão de Irrigação e Reidratação) e quatro repetições de seis plantas por parcela totalizando 24 plantas. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: conteúdo relativo de água das folhas (CRA), trocas gasosas (assimilação de CO2, A; condutância estomática, GS; transpiração, E; concentração de carbono interno, Ci; eficiência de uso da água, A/E e eficiência de carboxilação, A/Ci), fluorescência da clorofila a (rendimento quântico máximo, FV/FM; fluorescência máxima da folha sob escuro, FM e fluorescência mínima da folha sob escuro, Fo), enzimas antioxidantes (superóxido dismutase, SOD, EC. 1.15.1.1 e peroxidase, POD, EC. 1.11.1.7) e peroxidação de lipídeos. Os dados foram submetidos a analise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade e/ou desvio padrão. Aos 38 Dias Após o Inicio dos Tratamentos (DAIT) (dia da reidratação), o CRA nas plantas irrigadas apresentou 87% reduzindo para 73% nas plantas sob suspensão de irrigação onde foi verificado assimilação de CO2 nula. Embora o CRA das plantas reidratadas tenha se recuperado ao nível das plantas no inicio dos tratamentos, as trocas gasosas apresentaram recuperação parcial. A atividade das enzimas SOD e POD tanto de folhas como de raízes apresentou recuperação após a reidratação e não foram observadas alterações no nível de peroxidação de lipídeos de folhas e raízes nos três tratamentos. Nas analises de fluorescência da clorofila a não foram detectados danos ao fotossistema II e nem alterações na eficiência do aparato fotoquímico tanto das plantas sob suspensão ... The present study aimed to evaluate the recoverability of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer after water stress through changes in the gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and antioxidant enzymes activity. The experiment was implanted in a randomized block design with three treatments (Irrigation, Suspension of Irrigation and Rehydration) and four replicates of six plants per plot totaling 24 plants. The following variables were evaluated: relative water content of leaves (RWC), gas exchange (CO2 assimilation, A; stomatal conductance, GS; transpiration, E; internal carbon concentration, Ci; water use efficiency, A/E and carboxylation efficiency, A/Ci), chlorophyll a fluorescence (maximum quantum yield, FV/FM; maximal leaf fluorescence under dark, FM; minimum leaf fluorescence under dark, Fo), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD, EC. 1.15.1.1 and peroxidase, POD, EC. 1.11.1.7) and lipid peroxidation. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability and/or standard deviation. At 38 Day After Treatments Beginning (DATB) (day of rehydration), the RWC in irrigated plants showed 87% reducing to 73% in plants under suspension of irrigation where has been verified null CO2 assimilation. Although the RWC of rehydrated plants has recovered to the level of the plants in the beginning of treatments, gas exchange showed partial recovery. The activity of SOD and POD of both leaves and roots showed recovery after rehydration and no changes were observed in the level of lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots in the three treatments. In the analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence were not detected damage in the photosystem II and neither changes in the efficiency of the photochemical apparatus in both plants under suspension of irrigation and rehydrated in relation to irrigated. Therefore, even with the recovery of the activity of SOD and POD ...