Search

We present and compare the design and performance of two 850 GHz radial probe fed superconductor-insulator-superconductor mixers, where the antenna is aligned perpendicular to the E-Plane of the input full-height rectangular waveguide connected to a multiple flare-angles smooth-walled horn. Both designs are comprised of 0.5 µm2 hybrid niobium/aluminium-nitride/niobium-nitride tunnel junction, fabricated on top of a niobium titanium nitride ground plane with an Al wiring layer. The entire superconducting circuit is supported with a 40 µm thick quartz substrate. The major difference between the two designs is the method used to cancel out the parasitic junction capacitance for broadband performance. The first design utilises two identical junctions connected in parallel with a short transmission line to convert the capacitance of one junction into the equivalent inductance of the other junction, commonly known as the twin-junction tuning scheme; whilst the second design employs an end-loaded scheme with only one tunnel junction. We found that both methods offer similar radio frequency performances, with close to 2× the double sideband quantum noise temperature, but the twin-junction design is more resilient to fabrication tolerances. However, the end-loaded design offers a much better intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidth performance, made possible by the sub-micron and high current density tunnel junction technology. The improved IF performance is important for many millimetre (mm) and sub-mm observatories, such as future upgrades of Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-mm Array receivers, as well as forthcoming space-borne far-infrared missions. Therefore, we conclude that the single-junction mixer design is the preferred option for THz applications, as long as the fabrication error can be minimised within a certain limit.

Evacuation planning for emergency incidents is an essential preparedness for Emergency Departments (ED) which normally contains patients with severe illness and limited mobility. However, the preparedness can be challenging due to a lack of empirical data and difficulties conducting physical drills. We propose an agent-based model to simulate the evacuation process in the EDs containing medical staff, rescuers, visitors and various types of patients. In a case study, we apply the model to a peak hour scenario of the ED of the largest hospital in Singapore. Two rescue strategies with different behavior sequences of medical staff as suggested by the practitioners are evaluated. The simulation results show that prioritizing preparation of all the patients generates less total evacuation time but leads to fewer evacuated cases in the first 20 minutes and more serious congestion compared to one-by-one transfer of individual patients. National Research Foundation (NRF) Submitted/Accepted version This research is supported by National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore, GOVTECH under its Virtual Singapore program Grant No. NRF2017VSG-AT3DCM001-031.

Background Despite similar survival rates, breast-conserving therapy (BCT) remains a distant second choice after simple mastectomy for patients with early-stage breast cancer in Singapore. Uptake of reconstruction after mastectomy is also low (18 per cent). The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing a patient's choice for mastectomy when eligible for BCT, and why patients decline reconstruction after mastectomy. Methods Patients from the National Cancer Centre Singapore, who were eligible for BCT but chose mastectomy without reconstruction, between December 2014 and December 2015 were included. An interviewer-administered questionnaire focusing on patients' reasons for choosing mastectomy over BCT and not opting for immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy was used. Tumour characteristics were retrieved from medical records. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyse the correlation between the patient's self-rated influential factors and variables. Statistical significance was taken as P

Introduction Several studies highlighted an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in HIV-HCV co-infected patients without clearly identifying specific virologic factors associated with atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) events. Purpose Hence, we analyzed data collection from the French nationwide ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort to determine the incidence of ASCVD events in HIV-HCV co-infected patients and the predictive factors associated with its occurrence. Methods The French multicenter nationwide ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH clinic-based cohort collected prospective clinical and biological data from HIV-HCV co-infected patients followed-up in 28 different university hospitals between December 2005 to November 2016. Participants with at least one year of follow-up were included. Primary outcome was the occurrence of major ASCVD events (cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization and stroke). Secondary outcomes were total ASCVD events including major ASCVD events and minor ASCVD events (peripheral arterial disease [PAD]). Incidence rates were estimated using Aalen-Johansen method and factors associated with ASCVD identified with Cox proportional hazards models. Results A total of 1213 patients were included: median age 45.4 years [42.1–49.0], 70.3% men, current smoking 70.2%, overweight 19.5%, liver cirrhosis 18.9%, chronic alcohol consumption 7.8%, diabetes mellitus (5.9%), personal history of CVD 2.7%, and statins use 4.1%. After a median follow-up of 5.1 years [3.9–7.0], 44 participants experienced at least one ASCVD event (26 major ASCVD event, and 20 a minor event). Incidences for total, major and minor ASCVD events were of 6.98 [5.19; 9.38], 4.01 [2.78; 6.00], and 3.17 [2.05; 4.92] per 1000 person-years, respectively. Personal history of CVD (Hazard Ratio (HR)=13.94 [4.25–45.66]), high total cholesterol (HR=1.63 [1.24–2.15]), low HDL cholesterol (HR=0.08 [0.02–0.34]) and undetectable HIV viral load (HR=0.41 [0.18–0.96]) were identified as independent factors associated with major ASCVD events while cirrhosis status, liver fibrosis and HCV sustained viral response were not. Cumulative incidence of CV events Conclusion HIV-HCV co-infected patients experience a high incidence of ASCVD events both coronary and peripheral artery diseases. Traditional CV risk factors are the main determinants of ASCVD whereas undetectable HIV viral load seems to be protective. Management of cholesterol abnormalities and controlling viral load are essential to modify this high cardiovascular risk. Acknowledgement/Funding Agence Natoinale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les Hépatites virales

Summary Background Coronary heart disease is rapidly increasing in developing countries, but access to cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention remains low. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of a smartphone-based cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programme delivered via the social media platform WeChat (SMART-CR/SP). Methods In this parallel-group, single-blind, randomised controlled trial, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older with coronary heart disease who had received percutaneous coronary interventions from a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) by block randomisation to either a 2-month intensive programme followed by a 4-month step-down phase of SMART-CR/SP or to usual care. In the SMART-CR/SP group, participants received comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention via WeChat. The usual care group received standard outpatient cardiology follow-up but without formal cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention. Assessments were done at baseline, 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months. The primary outcome was change in functional capacity from baseline, measured by 6-min walk distance, at 2 months and 6 months. Analysis was by intention to treat. Research personnel involved in assessments were blinded to group allocation. Adverse-event analysis was based on percentage of patients who discontinued the study owing to adverse events. SMART-CR/SP programme-related safety issues were also recorded. This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR-INR-16009598. Findings Between Nov 17, 2016, and March 18, 2017, 312 patients (mean age 60·5 years [SD 9·2]), of whom 58 (19%) were female and 254 (81%) were male, were recruited and subsequently randomly assigned to SMART-CR/SP (n=156) or usual care (n=156). The improvement in 6-min walk distance at 2 months was significantly greater in the SMART-CR/SP group (from 489·2 m [99·4] at baseline to 539·1 m [68·0]) than in the control group (from 485·0 m [93·5] at baseline to 517·8 m [74.6]), with an adjusted mean difference of 20·64 m (95% CI 7·50–33·77; p=0·034). This improvement was maintained at 6 months (mean 6-min walk distance 543·4 m [67·5] in the SMART-CR/SP group vs 523·5 m [60·2] in the control group), with a mean between-group difference of 22·29 m (8·19–36·38; p=0·027). No adverse events or SMART-CR/SP programme-related safety issues were reported by participants during the study. Interpretation SMART-CR/SP was found to be a cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention service model with high efficacy and accessibility and to be easy to use. These results justify the implementation of similar models of care on a broader scale. Funding Curtin University.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is rapidly increasing in developing countries, but access to cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention (CR/SP) remains low. We assessed the effectiveness of SMARTphone and WeChat-based CR/SP (SMART-CR/SP) in the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a dedicated social media-based CR/SP program for patients with CHD. Methods: In this parallel-group, single-blind, RCT, CHD patients from a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China were randomised (1:1) to an eight-week 'intensive', followed by a 16-week 'step down' program of SMART-CR/SP, or usual care. Assessments were conducted at baseline, eight and 24 weeks. The primary outcome was functional capacity measured by six-minute walk test distance (6MWTD). Secondary outcomes included CHD knowledge, and risk factor control. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. Findings: Between November 17, 2016 and March 18, 2017, 312 patients (mean age, 60.5 [SD 9.2] years, 81.4% male) were randomised to SMART-CR/SP (n=156) or usual care (n=156). The mean increase in 6MWTD was greater at both eight (46.5 vs. 20.9 m; 95% CI 9.6 to 41.5; p=0.002) and 24 weeks (54.2 vs. 26.2 m; 95% CI 10.9 to 44.9; p=0.001) in the SMART-CR/SP group versus controls. The SMART-CR/SP group had a better knowledge of CHD score at eight (17.9 vs. 13.8; 95% CI 2.84 to 5.44; p

Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rapidly increasing in developing countries, however access to cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention (CR/SP) in these countries is limited. Alternative delivery models that are low-cost and easy to access are urgently needed to address this service gap. The objective of this study is to investigate whether a smartphone and social media-based (WeChat) home CR/SP programme can facilitate risk factor monitoring and modification to improve disease self-management and health outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy. Methods and analysis We propose a single-blind, randomised controlled trial of 300 patients post-PCI with follow-up over 12 months. The intervention group will receive a smartphone-based and WeChat-based CR/SP programme providing education and support for risk factor monitoring and modification. SMART-CR/SP incorporates core components of modern CR/SP: physical activity tracking with interactive feedback and goal setting; education modules addressing CHD understanding and self-management; remote blood pressure monitoring and strategies to improve medication adherence. Furthermore, a dedicated data portal and a CR/SP coach will facilitate individualised supervision and counselling. The control group will receive usual care but no formal CR/SP programme. The primary outcome is change in exercise capacity measured by 6 minute walk test distance. Secondary outcomes include knowledge and awareness of CHD, risk factor status, medication adherence, psychological well-being and quality of life, major cardiovascular events, re-hospitalisations and all-cause mortality. To assess the feasibility and patients’ acceptance of the intervention, a process evaluation will be performed at the conclusion of the study. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was granted by both the Human Research Ethics Committee of Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital (HREC B2016-058) and Curtin University Human Research Ethics Office (HRE2016-0120). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences. Clinical trial registration number ChiCTR-INR-16009598; Pre-results.

The most commonly utilized class of chemotherapeutic agents administered as a first-line therapy are antimitotic drugs; however, their clinical success is often impeded by chemoresistance and disease relapse. Hence, a better understanding of the cellular pathways underlying escape from cell death is critical. Mitotic slippage describes the cellular process where cells exit antimitotic drug-enforced mitotic arrest and “slip” into interphase without proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. The current report explores the cell fate consequence following mitotic slippage and assesses a major outcome following treatment with many chemotherapies, therapy-induced senescence. It was found that cells postslippage entered senescence and could impart the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP factor production elicited paracrine protumorigenic effects, such as migration, invasion, and vascularization. Both senescence and SASP factor development were found to be dependent on autophagy. Autophagy induction during mitotic slippage involved the autophagy activator AMPK and endoplasmic reticulum stress response protein PERK. Pharmacologic inhibition of autophagy or silencing of autophagy-related ATG5 led to a bypass of G1 arrest senescence, reduced SASP-associated paracrine tumorigenic effects, and increased DNA damage after S-phase entry with a concomitant increase in apoptosis. Consistent with this, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine and microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel synergistically inhibited tumor growth in mice. Sensitivity to this combinatorial treatment was dependent on p53 status, an important factor to consider before treatment. Implications: Clinical regimens targeting senescence and SASP could provide a potential effective combinatorial strategy with antimitotic drugs. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1625–40. ©2018 AACR.

Lafarge Infrastructure Team had constructed Malaysia's first hybrid concrete pavement using Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) and Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) at Lafarge's Kanthan Cement Plant, Ipoh, Malaysia. The main purpose of the project is to showcase and study construction challenges in combining JPCP and RCC hybrid product for road solutions. The progress and pavement performance were monitored recorded and detailed through tests and site observation reports. JPCP pavement was constructed using two (2) type of construction methods; slip form and fixed form, while RCC pavement was laid and constructed using an asphalt paver set. The Quality Assurance & Control (QA/QC) monitored comprises of concrete design mix, concrete slump, concrete delivery, joints insertion, concrete curing, compaction, profile levels, saw cut and sequence of construction activities. Throughout the study, we have managed to table out the "Challenges and Best Practices" on the construction methods which mainly involves labours, machinery and material. All the information has been taken into consideration, to prepare a comprehensive report for the project. The study will enhance the knowledge and understanding for road owners, concrete suppliers, consultants and contractors in understanding the right application of JPCP and RCC in the future. We able to share and propose few best practices based on the challenges that we had face.

Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838) Trichodectes subrostratus Burmeister, 1838: 438, Species 4. Felicola subrostrata (Nitzsch, 1818); Ewing 1929: 122. Felicinia subrostrata (Nitzsch, 1818); Bedford 1929: 519. Felicola rostrata Bedford, 1932a: 360, figs 6A, 6B, a, 6C. Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Werneck 1950: 194, figs 317. Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Mustaffa-Babjee 1969: 37. Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Amin-Babjee 1978: 107. Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Shanta et al. 1980: 17–27. Felicola (Felicola) subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Price et al. 2003: 258. Felicola subrostrata [sic]; Norhidayu 2012: 69, 71, 75, tables 3.1, 3.6–3.9. Felicola subrostratus; Norhidayu 2012: 31, figs 1.3, 3.2. Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838); Che Kamaruddin et al. 2020: 1212, fig. 2A. Type host: “Hauskatze” = Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 — Domestic cat. Type locality: Not given in the original description. Malaysian host: Felis catus. Malaysian localities: Kuala Nerang, Pendang (Kedah) Peninsular Malaysia (Tay et al. 2014); Kuala Lumpur, Peninsular Malaysia (Norhidayu 2012; Mohd-Zain et al. 2013); Melaka, Peninsular Malaysia (Mohd-Zain et al. 2013); Kuantan (Pahang) Peninsular Malaysia (Norhidayu 2012; Mohd-Zain et al. 2013); Ipoh (Perak) Peninsular Malaysia (Shanta et al. 1980; Norhidayu 2012); Georgetown (Pulau Pinang) Peninsular Malaysia (Norhidayu 2012; Mohd-Zain et al. 2013; Tay et al. 2014); Samarahan (Sarawak) Malaysian Borneo (Ahmad 2013; Che Kamaruddin et al. 2020); Ampang (Selangor) Peninsular Malaysia (Tay et al. 2014); Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia (Amin-Babjee 1987); “West Malaysia ”, Peninsular Malaysia (Mustaffa-Babjee 1969). Geographical distribution: Worldwide except Antarctica. Remarks: Reports of Felicola subrostratus in Malaysia are abundant, albeit mostly in prevalence studies rather than experimental vector transmission or phylogenetic analyses (Amin-Babjee 1978; Shanta et al. 1980; Norhidayu et al. 2012; Mohd-Zain et al. 2013; Colella et al. 2020). The cat louse was first reported from cats in Peninsular Malaysia by Mustaffa-Babjee (1969). Norhidayu (2012) recorded F. subrostratus from stray cats in four main cities in Peninsular Malaysia, this species being the second most prevalent ectoparasite collected in that survey. Tay et al. (2014) attempted to isolate and molecularly identify rickettsial pathogens from F. subrostratus collected in Pulau Pinang, Selangor and Terengganu, but the results showed no rickettsial omp genes. Low et al. (2017) reported a potentially new species of tapeworm of the genus Dipylidium from F. subrostratus., Published as part of Kazim, Abdul-Rahman, Houssaini, Jamal, Tappe, Dennis & Heo, Chong-Chin, 2023, An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia, pp. 40-60 in Zootaxa 5263 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7797797, {"references":["Burmeister, H. (1838) Mallophaga. In: Handbuch der Entomologie. Enslin, Berlin, 2 (1), 418 - 443.","Nitzsch, C. L. (1818) Die Familien und Gattungen der Theierinsekten (Insecta epizoica); als ein Prodromus einer Naturgeschichte derselben. E. F. Germar's Magazin der Entomologie, 3, 261 - 318.","Ewing, H. E. (1929) A manual of external parasites. Bailliere Tindall & Cox, London. xvi + 225 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3271887","Bedford, G. A. H. (1929) Anoplura (Siphunculata and Mallophaga) from South African hosts. 15 th Annual report of the Director of Veterinary Services, Union of South Africa, 501 - 549.","Bedford, G. A. H. (1932 a) Trichodectes (Mallophaga) found on African Carnivora. Parasitology, 24 (3), 350 - 364. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118200002076 X","Werneck, F. L. (1950) Os Malofagos de Mamiferos. Parte II: Ischnocera (continuac \" o de Trichodectidae) e Rhyncophthirina. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 207 pp.","Mustaffa-Babjee, A. (1969) Lice and fleas of animals in Malaysia. Kajian Veterinaire, 2, 37.","Amin-Babjee, S. M. (1978) Parasites of the domestic cat in Selangor, Malaysia. Kajian Veterinaire, 10, 107 - 114.","Shanta, C. S., Wan, S. P. & Kwong, K. H. (1980) A survey of the endo- and ectoparasites of cats in and around Ipoh, West Malaysia. Malaysian Veterinary Journal, 7, 17 - 27.","Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. Pp. 1 - 448. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. & Clayton, D. H. The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24. x + 501 pp.","Che Kamaruddin, N., Adrus, M. & Ismail, W. N. M. (2020) Prevalence of ectoparasites on a stray cat population from \" Town of Knowledge \" Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 44, 1212 - 1221. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / vet- 2005 - 24","Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Volume 1. 10 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, iv + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Tay, S. T., Mokhtar, A. S., Low, K. C., Mohd-Zain, S. N., Jeffery, J., Abdul-Aziz, N. A. & Kho, K. L. (2014) Identification of rickettsiae from wild rats and cat fleas in Malaysia. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 28, 104 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / mve. 12075","Mohd-Zain S. N., Norhidayu, S., Pal, P. & Lewis, J. W. (2013) Macroparasite communities in stray cat populations from urban cities in Peninsular Malaysia. Veterinary Parasitology, 196, 469 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. vetpar. 2013.03.030","Ahmad, N. I. I. (2013) A survey of ectoparasites on domestic cat (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) from rural and urban areas. Bachelor of Science Degree. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan. 30 pp.","Norhidayu, S., Mohd-Zain, S. N., Jeffery, J. & Lewis JW (2012) The dog louse Heterodoxus spiniger from stray cats in Penang, Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 29, 301 - 303.","Colella, V., Nguyen, V. L., Tan, D. Y., Lu, N., Fang, F., Zhijuan, Y., Wang, J., Liu, X., Chen, X., Dong, J., Nurcahyo, W., Hadi, U. K., Venturina, V., Tong, K. B. Y., Tsai, Y. L., Taweethavonsawat, P., Tiwananthagorn, S., Le, T. Q., Bui, K. L., Watanabe, M., Rani, P. A. M. A., Annoscia, G., Beugnet, F., Otranto, D. & Halos, L. (2020) Zoonotic vectorborne pathogens and ectoparasites of dogs and cats in Eastern and Southeast Asia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26 (6), 1221 - 1233. https: // doi. org / 10.3201 / eid 2606.191832","Low, V. L., Prakash, B. K., Tan, T. K., Sofian-Azirun, M., Anwar, F. H. K., Vinnie-Siow, W. Y. & Abu-Bakar, S. (2017) Pathogens in ectoparasites from free-ranging animals: infection with Rickettsia asembonensis in ticks, and a potentially new species of Dipylidium in fleas and lice. Veterinary Parasitology, 245, 102 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. vetpar. 2017.08.015"]}

Bee Kim Tan,1,2 Seng Beng Tan,3 Li-Chia Chen,4 Kian Meng Chang,5 Siew Siang Chua,1,6 Sharmini Balashanker,7 Habiba Nazeera Begum Kamarul Jaman,5 Syed Carlo Edmund,8 Ping Chong Bee3 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 4Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 5Department of Hematology, Ampang Hospital, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia; 6School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Lakeside Campus, Subang, Selangor, Malaysia; 7School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia; 8Clinical Research Center, Ampang Hospital, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia Purpose: Poor adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) could compromise the control of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and contributes to poorer survival. Little is known about how medication-related issues affect CML patients’ adherence to TKI therapy in Malaysia. This qualitative study aimed to explore these issues.Patients and methods: Individual face-to-face, semistructured interviews were conducted at the hematology outpatient clinics of two medical centers in Malaysia from August 2015 to January 2016. CML patients aged ≥18 years who were prescribed a TKI were invited to participate in the study. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed.Results: Four themes were identified from 18 interviews: 1) concerns about adverse reactions to TKIs, 2) personal beliefs regarding the use of TKIs, 3) mismanagement of TKIs in daily lives, and 4) financial burden in accessing treatment. Participants skipped their TKIs due to ineffective emesis control measures and perceived wastage of medication from vomiting. Participants also modified their TKI therapy due to fear of potential harm from long-term use, and stopped taking their TKIs based on belief in curative claims of traditional medicines and misconception about therapeutic effects of TKIs. Difficulty in integrating the dosing requirements of TKIs into daily lives led to unintentional skipping of doses, as well as the risk of toxicities from inappropriate dosing intervals or food interactions. Furthermore, financial constraints also resulted in delayed initiation of TKIs, missed clinic appointments, and treatment interruptions.Conclusion: Malaysian CML patients encountered a range of medication-related issues leading to a complex pattern of nonadherence to TKI therapy. Further studies should investigate whether regular contact with patients to improve understanding of treatment rationale, to elicit and address patients’ concerns about adverse reactions, and to empower patients with skills to self-manage their medications might promote better adherence to TKIs and improve CML patients’ outcome. Keywords: medication-related issues, adherence, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chronic myeloid leukemia, qualitative study, thematic analysis

Assing, Volker (2019): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Samothraki (Insecta Coleoptera). Linzer biologische Beiträge 51 (2): 881-906, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738343, {"references":["ASSING V. (2004): A revision of the Medon species of the Eastern Mediterranean and adjacent regions (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Bon ner Zoologische Beitrage 52 (1-2): 33-82.","ASSING V. (2006a): New species and records of Pseudobium MULSANT & REY (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer Biologische Be itrage 38 (1): 385-391.","ASSING V. (2006b): On the taxonomy and biogeography of Stenus (s. str.) erythrocnemus EPPELSHEIM and related species (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). - Bo nner Zoologische Beitrage 53 (3-4) (2004): 303-310.","ASSING V. (2007a): On the genus Pseudobium MULSANT & REY II. A new species from Pakistan and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). - Linzer Biologische Beitrage 39 (1): 15-21.","ASSING V. (2007b): On the Xantholinini of Turkey and adjacent regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae). - Zootaxa 1474: 1-54.","ASSING V. (2012): On the Pseudobium species of the Palaearctic region. III. A new species from China, a new synonymy, a new combination, and additional records (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer Biologische Be itrage 44 (1): 409-419.","ASSING V. (2013): A revision of Palaearctic Medon IX. New species, new synonymies, a new combination, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Entomologische Blatter und Coleoptera 109: 233-270.","ASSING V. (2015a): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Chios (Insecta: Coleoptera). - Linzer Biologische Beitrage 47 (1): 43-55.","ASSING V. (2015b): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Samos (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). - Koleopt erologische Rundschau 85: 81-102.","ASSING V. (2016b): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Lesbos II, with supplementary notes on the fauna of Samos and Chios (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). - Koleopterologische Rundschau 86: 103-138.","ASSING V. (2017a): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Kos, with an appendix on Carabidae and additional records from other islands (Insecta: Coleoptera). - Linzer Biologische Beitrage 49 (1): 191-205.","ASSING V. (2017b): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Ikaria, with supplementary notes on the fauna of Samos (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). - Koleopterologische Rundschau 87: 89-116.","ASSING V. (2019): Monograph of the Staphylinidae of Crete (Greece). Part I. Diversity and endemism (Insecta: Coleoptera). - Contri butions to Entomology 69 (2): 197-238.","ASSING V. & P. WUNDERLE (1999): On the staphylinid fauna of northeastern Greece (Coleoptera). - Entomol ogische Zeitschrift 109 (12): 474-483.","ASSING V., SCHULKE M., BRACHAT V. & H. MEYBOHM (2018): On the Staphylinidae of the Greek island Corfu (Insecta: Coleoptera). - Contributions to En tomology 68 (1): 31-67.","ASSING V., BRACHAT V. & H. MEYBOHM (2019): Monograph of the Staphylinidae of Crete (Greece). Part II. Descriptions of new species (Insecta: Coleoptera). - Contributions to Entomology 69 (2): 239-289.","BIEL B. & K. TAN (2014): Flora of Samothraki. - T he Goulandris Natural History Museum, Kifissia, Greece: 224 pp.","CASTELLINI G. (2007): Pensieri sulla tassonomia e note su alcuni Scydmaenidae paleartici (Coleoptera). - Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \"Gia como Doria\" 98 [2006- 2007]: 1-121.","COIFFAIT H. (1957): Diagnoses preliminaires de nouveaux Leptotyphlitae (Deuxieme note) (Col. Staphylinidae). - Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 24 (1): 60-81.","COIFFAIT H. (1972): Coleopteres Staphylinidae de la region palearctique occidentale. I. Generalites, sous-familles: Xantholininae et Leptotyphlinae. - Supplement a la Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 2 (2): 1-651.","FRANZ H. (1961): Revision der westmediterranen und mitteleuropaischen Scydmoraphes - Arten nebst Bemerkungen uber einige Arten aus der Gattung Neuraphes (Col. Scydmaenidae). - Eos, Revis ta Espanola de Entomologia 37: 415-496.","JALOSZYNSKI P. & M. STEVANOVIC (2015): A new Cephennium of Kyrgyzstan, with notes on subgenera and distribution (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae). - Zootaxa 3973 (2): 381-390.","KARAMAN Z. (1957): Die balkanischen Bythininen (Col. Pselaphidae). Ihre Systematik, Zoogeographie und Phylogenie. - Bioloski Glasnik 10: 161-208.","OERTZEN E. V. (1887): Verzeichniss der Coleopteren Griechenlands und Cretas, nebst einigen Bemerkungen uber ihre geographische Verbreitung und 4 die Zeit des Vorkommens einiger Arten betreffenden Sammelberichten. - Berliner Entomolo gische Zeitschrift 30 [1886] (2): 189-293.","PACE R. (1997): Coleoptera Staphylinidae Leptotyphlinae. Fauna d'Italia Vol. 34. - Edizioni Calderini, Bologna: i-viii + 1-328.","SCHULKE M. & A. SMETANA (2015): Staphylinidae, pp. 304-1134. - In: LOBL I. & D. LOBL (eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. New, updated Edition. Volume 2. Hydrophiloidea - Staphylinoidea. Revised and updated edition. - Leiden: Brill: xxvi + 1702 pp.","SEYMOUR K. S., TSIKOURAS V., KOTOPOULI K., HATZIPANAYIOTOU K. & G. PE- PIPER (1996): A window to the operation of microplate tectonics in the Tethys Ocean: the geochemistry of the Samothrace granite, Aegean Sea. - Mineralogy and Petrology 56 (3-4): 251-272.","SKOULIKIDIS N., LAMPOU A., KARAOUZAS I., ZOGARIS S. & K GRITZALIS (2013): Inland waters of Samothraki Island (Greece): exploratory ecological assessment. - 3 rd International Geography Symposium - GEOMED 2013, Symposium Proceedings: 222-234.","TRIANTIS K.A. & M. MYLONAS (2009): Greek Islands, Biology. - In: G ILLESPIE R. & D.A. GLAGUE (eds), Encyclopedia of Islands. - University of California Press: 388-392.","TSIKOURAS B. & K. HATZIPANAGIOTOU (1995): Geological evolution of Samothraki Island (N. Aegean, Greece): an incomplete ophiolitic sequence in the circum-Rhodope zone. - Geologocial Society of Greece, Special Publication No. 4: 116-126."]}

Disaster recovery efforts form an essential component of coping with unforeseen events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and typhoons, some of which will only become more frequent or severe in the face of accelerated climate change. Most of the time, disaster recovery efforts produce net benefits to society. However, depending on their design and governance, some projects can germinate adverse social, political, and economic outcomes. Drawing from concepts in political economy, political ecology, justice theory, and critical development studies, this study first presents a conceptual typology revolving around four key processes: enclosure, exclusion, encroachment, and entrenchment. Enclosure refers to when disaster recovery transfers public assets into private hands or expand the roles of private actors into the public sphere. Exclusion refers to when disaster recovery limits access to resources or marginalize particular stakeholders in decision-making activities. Encroachment refers to when efforts intrude on biodiversity areas or contribute to other forms of environmental degradation. Entrenchment refers to when disaster recovery aggravates the disempowerment of women and minorities, or worsen concentrations of wealth and income inequality within a community. The study then documents the presence of these four inequitable attributes across four empirical case studies: Hurricane Katrina reconstruction efforts in the United States, recovery efforts for the 2004 tsunami in Thailand, Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, and the Canterbury earthquakes in New Zealand. It then offers three policy recommendations for analysts, program managers, and climate researchers at large: spreading risks via insurance, adhering to principles of free prior informed consent, and preventing damage through punitive environmental bonds. The political economy of disaster must be taken into account so that projects can maximize their efficacy and avoid marginalizing those most vulnerable to those very disasters.