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The single-mode bosonic channel is addressed with classical interference in the modulation and with side information at the transmitter. This model can viewed as the quantum counterpart of the classical random-parameter Gaussian channel. Based on Costa's writing-on-dirty-paper result (1983), the effect of the channel parameter can be canceled even when the decoder has no side information, and regardless of the input power constraint. For both homodyne and heterodyne detection with a coherent-state protocol, the model reduces to a classical channel with either real or complex-valued Gaussian noise. Thereby, by applying Costa's dirty paper coding strategy, we observe that the effect of the classical interference can be canceled for those channels as well. Then, we consider the bosonic channel with joint detection, for which the classical results do not apply, and derive a dirty-paper coding lower bound. Furthermore, considering the special case of a pure-loss bosonic channel, we demonstrate that the optimal coefficient for dirty paper coding is not necessarily the MMSE estimator coefficient as in the classical setting.

This work presents the design and analysis of a novel dual-wideband bandpass filter (BPF) using the transversal filtering section (TFS), coupled lines (CLs), and stepped impedance stubs (SISs). Initially, a dual-band BPF employing TFS and CLs is designed. To enhance the bandwidth and selectivity, SIS units and quarter wavelength transmission lines are attached at the input and output ports. This novel filter’s frequency response has six transmission zeros in the stopband and four transmission poles in each passband. A prototype with center frequencies of 1.17 and 2.4 GHz is realized on a biodegradable substrate and tested. The tested and simulated results are in high congruence, validating the proposed design circuit and theory.

This paper proposes a method of distinguishing the contributions of ionized and injected charges to the charge transport in oil immersed paper in triple-layer and double-layer samples. With the double-layer sample, the apparent mobility including the ions contribution is obtained by the calculation according to the speed of accumulated charge density at the interface. The contribution of ions is excluded by subtracting the accumulated charge density in the triple-layer sample from that in the double-layer sample. It is found that the interface charge mainly comes from the ionization charges under a low field, and the contribution of injected charge takes a more important part at higher electric field.

O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a utilizacao de papel absorvente contendo amonia recuperada de ambiente controlado como fonte de nutriente na producao da alface crespa. O experimento foi conduzido no laboratorio de Quimica e na area experimental do Centro de Referencia de Campo Verde do Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso - Campus Sao Vicente. Os papeis contendo amonia foram obtidos pela captacao em cuba de vidro mediante volatilizacao e absorcao de amonia concentrada por papel impregnado com acido fosforico. O cultivo das plantas foi realizado em ambiente protegido por meio de um delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados com 4 tratamentos e 4 repeticoes. Os tratamentos foram constituidos de duas proporcoes de nitrogenio e fosforo: T1= 100% de fosforo + 75% de nitrogenio + material absorvente; T2=75% de fosforo + 100% de nitrogenio + material absorvente; T3= 75% de fosforo + 75% de nitrogenio + material absorvente; T4=100% de fosforo + 100% de nitrogenio + material absorvente, sendo as porcentagens de fosforo e nitrogenio correspondentes aos valores recomendados. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de plastico com substrato inerte juntamente com os papeis absorventes contendo amonia triturados. As caracteristicas analisadas foram, indice de clorofila das folhas, numero de folhas, materia seca e fresca da parte aerea e raizes, nitrogenio e fosforo foliar, area foliar e comprimento da raiz. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste tukey com 5% de probabilidade e os resultados mostraram que nao houve alteracao significativa na utilizacao do papel absorvente nas quantidades utilizadas neste estudo.

Paper-based devices have a wide range of applications in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food monitoring. Paper-based devices can be deployed to resource-limited countries and remote settings in developed countries. Paper-based point-of-care devices can provide access to diagnostic assays without significant user training to perform the tests accurately and timely. The market penetration of paper-based assays requires decreased device fabrication costs, including larger packing density of assays (i.e., closely packed features) and minimization of assay reagents. In this review, we discuss fabrication methods that allow for increasing packing density and generating closely packed features in paper-based devices. To ensure that the paper-based device is low-cost, advanced fabrication methods have been developed for the mass production of closely packed assays. These emerging methods will enable minimizing the volume of required samples (e.g., liquid biopsies) and reagents in paper-based microfluidic devices.

Today, optical sensors are the subject of a very significant number of studies and applications. Many well-established technologies, including free-space optics, integrated photonics, and fiber optics approaches, have been developed in recent decades to fabricate and develop increasingly more efficient optical sensors for applications ranging from industrial control to monitoring the environment, biomedical use, and even as part of the Internet of Things.

Luminosity contributes to the paper model surface perception. It has a significant impact on the perception of colour and details. The main purpose of this paper is to study the reflection luminosity of paper model surface which can be of complex or difficult shape surface. The final perception quality of a product, whether it is plain or 3D or other different shape, depends on the surface luminosity perceived by the receptor, such as eyes or measurement instruments. However, the number of parameters and limits of the paper model surface are enormous. It is a time-consuming work to select every parameter by a trial-and-error procedure. For a paper surface under the fixed lighting environment, the most important factors to decide the performance of perception are commonly viewing angles and surface tone. Therefore, the two related terms, perception angle and surface tone, were chosen to work in the analysis process. The final analysis, based on the initial conditions, enabled to predict the perception of paper model surface and to set the optimal perceived angels and tones. It still proposed the next step to model the perception of paper model surface of different shapes in a relatively short period.

This paper introduces physical models of drill string whirling and torsional vibrations and analyses the physical models in V.I. Gulyayev's three papers on drill string whirling and torsional vibrations: “V.I. Gulyayev, L.V. Shevchuk, Drill string bit whirl simulation with the use of frictional and nonholonomic models, Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 138(1) (2016) 011021”, “V.I. Gulyayev, L.V. Shevchuk, Nonholonomic dynamics of drill string bit whirling in a deep bore-hole, J Multi-body Dynamics 227(3) (2013) 234–244” and “V.I. Gulyayev, SN Hudoliy, O.V. Glushakova, Simulation of torsion relaxation auto-oscillations of drill string bit with viscous and coulombic friction moment models, J Multi-body Dynamics 225 (2011) 139–152”. This work finds that the physical models described in these three papers are clearly incorrect. Keywords: Drill string, Vibration, Lateral, Torsion, Whirl

The question of the use of vortex flowmeters with different versions of the flow body (TO) under operating conditions on the technological lines of pulp and paper production is considered. It is shown that when using different TO in vortex flowmeters, an error occurs in the working range of speeds (flow rates). The observed error arises due to a change in the Strouhal number (Sh) and is associated with the measurement method. In this case, the Strouhal number begins to depend not only on the TO used as a vortex generator, but also on the flow velocity and the concentration of the fibrous suspension. As the main comparative factor for the investigated TOs, the force action on the sensitive element (flexible electrode) located inside the TO was taken. The study was carried out in several stages using numerical modeling and experimental design method. According to the results of a numerical study, the dependence of the Strouhal number (Sh) on the flow rate (V) and the concentration of the suspension (c) is presented. In a comparative analysis of the deviation of the Strouhal number from the average values, it was revealed that MOT No. 1 has a minimal effect on the concentration of the suspension in the working range of flow rates (± 0.5%). This circumstance makes it possible to verify and test flow meters with such maintenance in conventional pouring installations. The analysis of the maintenance with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio shows that the purest signal is generated by the cylindrical maintenance (maintenance No. 3), and maintenance No. 2 and No. 1 have noticeably large noise. The differences are explained by the absence on the surface of a cylindrical TO of extra protrusions, faces, which leads to a smoother flow of a suspension around its surface, as well as to a decrease in internal spurious noise.

Background and Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine helps to develop immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in most cases preventing the disease. Although various brands of vaccines work in different modes, all COVID-19 vaccines prompt an immune reaction to make the body remembers how to protect from the virus in the future. The present study aims to evaluate the safety and the immune response for mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines on mice. Materials and Methods: Our experimental study was performed on mice weighing on average of 20 g, selected by random allocation. The mice were divided into four groups of 12. Group one received a single dose of 0.5 ml Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine, group two received two doses of 0.5 ml AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, group three received two doses of 0.5 ml Sputnik V together with 0.5 ml AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine and group four received two doses of 0.5 ml of 0.9 % NaCl. Results: Our study shows that mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines is safe and induces good immunity for mice. Conclusion: Mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines creates no problems and provides good immunity to mice and may be an interesting technique to help to overcome shortcomings of one or the other vaccine. Further toxicity studies are required to assess potential hazards for humans to evaluate the histopathological characteristics.

Penggunaan Bacterial cellulose sebagai bahan baku alternatif untuk mengurangi penggunaan NBKP dalam proses pembuatan kertas baking memiliki banyak keunggulan. Karakteristik BC yang kuat serta luas permukaan yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan nilai kekuatan, permukaan, dan ketahanan kertas. Sehingga penggunaan BC sangat memungkinkan untuk di aplikasikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pengganti kayu terlebih lagi NBKP, yang harga import mahal dan masa panen yang cukup lama.

Charles Edouard Guillaume (1861–1928) was a Swiss physicist who received the 1920 Nobel Prize in physics for his precision measurements and discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys. In this work, we present a complete and commented translation of his remarkable article of 1896 on the temperature of interstellar space. The importance of this work is that it is the oldest estimate known to us of the temperature acquired by a black body, which is in interstellar space far from other stars. This temperature was presumed to be due to an equilibrium state in which the radiation received by this body from the stars around it would be equal to the radiation emitted by the body. He arrived at a temperature of 5.6 K, regarding this figure as an upper limit on the effect he was seeking to estimate. In 1926, Arthur Eddington (1882–1944) arrived at a temperature of 3.18 K, utilizing essentially the same procedure but with better data.

The internal dosimetry of β- and γ-emitters has been established by several authors. Smith ([1][1]) cites the work of Loevinger et al. ([2][2]) and Ellet et al. ([3][3]), pioneers in the field. Somehow, internal dosimetry manages to intimidate many, when, as shown by Smith, it is just energy per

Applications of digital micromirror device for lidar are overviewed. A large Lagrange invariant value makes DMD as one of the attractive beam steering transmitter and receiver solutions for a time-of-flight lidar, especially with its an extended angular throw by synchronized pulsed laser illumination.

Bees, wasps, and ants have no specialized receptors for the perception of an electric field. An appropriate response to naturally occurring electric fields in bees and ants is associated with atmospheric exposure, amplified by the approach of the front of a thunderstorm. The primary transducers of mechanoreceptors that respond to displacement are related to the perception of low-frequency electric fields of high intensity by insects. The non-specific mechanism of perception of electric fields is based on irritation by induced currents that flow in the locations of their contact with each other and/or conductive surfaces. The frequency dependence of the electric field sensitivity is determined mainly by the magnitude of the current induced by it and the intensity of its contact action. The magnitude of the current induced in the outer part of the insect body is non-linearly related to the frequency of the electric field. The region with the highest sensitivity to electric fields is close to 500 Hz, which is consistent with the maximum magnitude of the induced current. At the same time, the threshold of the sensitivity to an electric field in wasps is approximately 0.04 kV/m, while in bees it is 0.45 kV/m. Ants react to the action of an electric field of 7–10 kV/m by slowing their movement. Magnetic fields and ionization, which accompany the generation of an electric field whose intensity reaches 15–20 kV/m, do not stimulate changes in the behavior of insects.

O estudo de estereoquimica tem grande dificuldade entre os alunos, principalmente pelo fato de ser abstrato, decorativo e fora de contexto, quando o aluno participa da aula confeccionando o seu proprio material didatico com certeza havera um melhor entendimento, com base nessa premissa, desenvolveu-se um modelo molecular confeccionado em papel e recortado com tesoura, para o entendimento do conteudo de estereoquimica, tais como quiralidade, plano de simetria, enantiomero, diastereoisomero, meso-isomero, entre outros.

As mudancas macroeconomicas, principalmente em periodos de crise, acabam afetando as operacoes das empresas. Afim de analisar esse fenomeno, esta pesquisa procurou analisar o impacto da crise, atraves das variaveis macroeconomicas (PIB, Taxa SELIC TR e Inflacao IPCA), referentes aos indicadores financeiros (Margem EBITDA, ROE e ROA) das empresas do segmento de papel e celulose que negociam seus papeis na bolsa de valores Brasil, Bolsa, Balcao (B3), no periodo de 2010 a 2017. A escolha do setor foi incentivada pelo seu crescente desenvolvimento do e sua geracao de emprego e renda no cenario economico nacional. Ha hipotese que norteia este estudo e: as variaveis macroeconomicas impactam nos indicadores financeiros. Desse modo, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, explicativa e com analise documental. Para alcancar os objetivos deste estudos, utilizou-se da tecnica estatistica de Dados em Painel com o auxilio do software Stata. Compos a amostra 6 empresas listadas na B3, do segmento de papel e celulose. Os resultados mostram que da forma que o aumento na Inflacao IPCA o indicador ROA diminui, e a cada aumento da Taxa SELIC TR reflete de maneira positiva no ROA, ja em relacao a Margem Ebtida a cada aumento no PIB a o indicador financeiro aumenta. Em relacao ao ROE, o mesmo nao sofreu impacto pelas variaveis macroeconomicas elencadas nesta pesquisa. Assim a presente pesquisa nao rejeita a hipotese elencada.

Paper-based microfluidic devices based on electrowetting principle, more specifically electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD), have attracted increasing attention due to their powerful liquid handling capability as compared to continuous-flow paper-based analytical devices (μPAD) that use capillary effects to control liquids. Here, we demonstrate fabrication of paper-based EWOD devices using cellulose paper as substrate and paraffin wax as dielectric hydrophobic layer by a simple pressing treatment for the cellulose paper and melting or spray-coating of paraffin wax. We optimized the key fabrication parameters according to the surface morphology and hydrophobicity of the obtained wax film, including the pressing pressure, thermal annealing temperature and amount of paraffin wax. Moreover, the EWOD devices fabricated by the spray-coating method demonstrate larger contact angle changes but with smaller contact angle hysteresis under DC electric field when compared with the devices fabricated by the melting method. Our study opens up potential fabrication of hybrid paper-based microfluidic device combining advantages of continuous-flow and electrowetting using cellulose paper and paraffin wax.

This paper reports on the manufacture of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Prosopis juliflora leaf extracts. Various methods of characterization were used, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope TEM. ZnO NPs has a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred orientation of 101 planes, according to XRD. The functional groups found in ZnO NPs isolated from leaves are responsible for the FT-IR peaks that correspond to them. The morphology of the produced nanoparticles is a sphere-like form, as shown in the SEM pictures. TEM examination revealed ZnO NPs with a size of 50–55 nm. These ZnO NPs were used to remediate pollutants in paper mill effluents, and they were able to remove 86% of the organic pollutants from the sample at 0.05 mg/L dose and reduce 89% of the organic pollutants during a 5-h reflex time. Meanwhile, for the photocatalysis of paper mill effluents, it has been noted that COD was removed by 74.30%, 63.23%, and 57.96% for the first, second, and third cycles, respectively.

This article recalls three papers published by Fred Hoyle and Jayant V. Narlikar consecutively in 1966 in Proceedings of the Royal Society, London. These papers were largely overlooked at the time but a look back today more than fifty years later shows how relevant they might be even today. Fred Hoyle, one of the most imaginative astrophysicists of the twentieth century, gives examples of how his mind functioned running far ahead of the conventional views of the time.

We offer a fractonic perspective on a familiar observation - a flat sheet of paper can be folded only along a straight line if one wants to avoid the creation of additional creases or tears. Our core underlying technical result is the establishment of a duality between the theory of elastic plates and a fractonic gauge theory with a second rank symmetric electric field tensor, a scalar magnetic field, a vector charge, and a symmetric tensor current. Bending moment and momentum of the plate are dual to the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. While the flexural waves correspond to the quadratically dispersing photon of the gauge theory, a fold defect is dual to its vector charge. Crucially, the fractonic condition constrains the latter to move only along its direction, i.e., the fold's growth direction. By contrast, fracton motion in the perpendicular direction amounts to tearing the paper. © 2021 American Physical Society.

Ikot et al. (Indian J Phys 93:1171, 2019) showed an analytical solution of the stationary Schrodinger equation for cesium dimers $$Cs_2$$ at the electronic state $$(3^3\Sigma _g^+)$$ with the shifted Tietz–Wei potential. We point out, however, a miscalculation in solving this equation which had led to erroneous conclusions, particularly about the energy eigenvalues, the partition function and all derived thermodynamic properties. By the way, we present the right expression of the rotational–vibrational energy which shows an excellent agreement with the experimental data.

We show that a recent paper by Shabanov [Phys. Usp. 62 92 (2019); Usp. Fiz. Nauk 189 95 (2019)] contains several important unsubstantiated and erroneous statements. In particular, the estimate of the average ball lightning charge presented in that paper corresponds to an impossible situation with an approximately 100-fold excess of the electric field strength near the outer boundary of the ball lightning over the air breakdown field under nearly standard conditions.

Paper sludge ash (PSA) typically has a low Si abundance and significant Ca content because of the presence of calcite fillers, which interfere with the zeolitic conversion of PSA. Ca-masking with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used to reduce Ca interference during zeolite synthesis so that a zeolitic product with a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) could be synthesized. Hydroxysodalite, zeolite-P, hydroxycancrinite, tobermorite, and zeolite-A can be synthesized from PSA by an alkali reaction with EDTA. With the addition of EDTA, calcium ions in the solution were trapped by chelation, and the number of zeolitic crystals with low Si/Al (Si/Al = 1), zeolite-A, increased owing to the promotion of the synthesis reaction. A product with a high CEC that has a high zeolite-A content was obtained. The chelating agent can inhibit Ca interference for zeolite synthesis by Ca-masking, and a product with a high zeolite-A content can be obtained from PSA using EDTA.

Preliminary version. The published version contains a number of small modifications.; International audience; The present paper is a companion of two translated articles by Alfred Clebsch, titled "On a general transformation of the hydrodynamical equations" and "On the integration of the hydrodynamical equations". The originals were published in the Journal für die reine and angewandte Mathematik" (1857 and 1859). Here we provide a detailed critical reading of these articles, which analyzes methods, and results of Clebsch. In the first place, we try to elucidate the algebraic calculus used by Clebsch in several parts of the two articles that we believe to be the most significant ones. We also provide some proofs that Clebsch did not find necessary to explain, in particular concerning the variational principles stated in his two articles and the use of the method of Jacobi's Last Multiplier. When possible, we reformulate the original expressions by Clebsch in the language of vector analysis, which should be more familiar to the reader. The connections of the results and methods by Clebsch with his scientific context, in particular with the works of Carl Jacobi, are briefly discussed. We emphasize how the representations of the velocity vector field conceived by Clebsch in his two articles, allow for a variational formulation of hydrodynamics equations in the steady and unsteady case. In particular, we stress that what is nowadays known as the "Clebsch variables", permit to give a canonical Hamiltonian formulation of the equations of fluid mechanics. We also list a number of further developments of the theory initiated by Clebsch, which had an impact on presently active areas of research, within such fields as hydrodynamics and plasma physics.