Search

近年ネット上では，オンラインの小説投稿・閲覧サービスが人気である．人気が出たオンライン小説は，紙の小説本として書籍化されて販売されることも多い．大人気の小説は，漫画やアニメの原作になることもある．CGM型のオンライン小説投稿・閲覧サイトでは，誰もが小説を投稿できるため，膨大な数の小説がサイト内に存在する．より早く，小説が人気になることを機械的に予測できれば，書籍化や漫画原作などのビジネスとして利益となる．読者には人気小説の検索や推薦が出来る．作者には，人気小説となるための指針を提供できる．本研究では，小説のメタデータ（タイトル・作者・あらすじ・キーワード）と小説本文の冒頭部分を用いて，その小説の人気度を推定する．本論文では，人気度の推定手法について報告する．, In recent years, online novel submission and reading services have become popular on the Internet. Online novels that have become popular are often sold as paperback books. Popular novels are sometimes used as the basis for manga and anime. Since anyone can post a novel on CGM-type online novel posting and browsing sites, a huge number of novels exist on the sites. If we can mechanically predict the popularity of a novel earlier, it can be profitable for businesses such as book publishing and comic book production. Readers can search for and recommend popular novels. For authors, the system can provide guidelines on how to make a novel popular. In this study, we estimate the popularity of a novel by using its metadata (title, author, synopsis, keywords) and the first part of the text. In this paper, we report the method of estimating the popularity and a small-scale experiment using data from "Shosetsuka ni Narou".

〔目的〕 近年，科学的根拠に基づいた栄養学の実践が求められている。科学的根拠を理解するためには推測統計の知識が必要である。信頼区間の理解のために実施した，カードを用いたシミュレーション教育について報告する。〔方法〕 2019年1 月に大学3 年生23名を対象に実施した。1 ～ 9 までの数字が書かれたカード2 枚ずつ計18枚を用意し，この18枚のカードを母集団とみなし，母集団から無作為に4 枚のカードを抽出させた。引いた4 枚のカードが，母集団から無作為抽出された標本に相当することを説明した。カードを引くごとに平均値および95％信頼区間を計算した。この手順について，カードを引く学生と引かれる学生を順次交代し100回実施した。100回の95％信頼区間をグラフ表示し，100個の95％信頼区間のうち，95回は母平均を含み， 5 回は母平均を含まないことを視覚的に理解できるようにした。〔結果〕 今回の試行では，95回が母平均を含み， 5 回が母平均を含まない結果となった。各回の結果が表示されるようにグラフを作成することで， 1 回ごとの95％信頼区間は母平均を含むか含まないかのいずれかであり，100回を通して考えたとき95回は母平均を含んでいることが視覚的に理解できるようにした。〔結論〕 本シミュレーション教育は，学生の95％信頼区間の理解が高まる教材となる可能性がある。, [Objective] Recently, practice of evidence-based nutrition has been required. Knowledge on inferential statistics is necessary to understand the scientific evidence. This paper reports on the simulation education using cards to understand the confidence interval.[Methods] Lectures on statistics were held in January 2019 for 23 third-year undergraduate students. A total of 18 cards with numbers from 1 to 9 were prepared, and these 18 cards were regarded as a “population”, from which four cards were randomly extracted. The undergraduate students received the explanation that the four cards drawn was considered as a “sample”, randomly selected from the “population”. Mean and 95％ confidence intervals were calculated for each trial. Student conducted these samplings 100 times in turns. A graph of 100 trials of estimated 95％ confidence intervals was shown for the students to understand visually.[Results] Out of 100 trials, 95 trials of estimated 95％ confidence intervals included the population mean, whereas 5 trials of estimated 95％ confidence intervals did not include it. Showing 100 trials of estimated 95％ confidence intervals as a graph would help the students visually understand the above results.[Conclusions] This simulation education could possibly be a learning material that enhances the undergraduate students to understand 95％ confidence interval.

Scene understanding is a central problem in a field of computer vision. Depth estimation, in particular, is one of the important applications in scene understanding, robotics, and 3-D reconstruction. Estimating a dense depth map from a single image is receiving increased attention because a monocular camera is popular, small and suitable for a wide range of environments. In addition, both multi-task learning and multi-stream, which use unlabeled information, improve the monocular depth estimation efficiently. However, there are only a few networks optimized for both of them. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a monocular depth estimation task with a multi-task and multistream network architecture. Furthermore, the integrated network which we develop makes use of depth gradient information and can be applied to both supervised and unsupervised learning. In our experiments, we confirmed that our supervised learning architecture improves the accuracy of depth estimation by 0.13 m on average. Additionally, the experimental result on unsupervised learning found that it improved structure-from-motion performance.

Inverse problems deal with identification, estimation, monitoring from observations or measurements. In this paper the role and importance of inverse problems are described. The definition and classification of inverse problems are presented. Inverse analyses are ill-posed in nature. To overcome the ill-posedness the importance of information to be used in the inverse analyses and regularization is described. Examples of inverse problems treated by the present author are presented.

The ventilation condition of artificial respiration should be set carefully, and the setting is expected to match individual pulmonary characteristic of each patient. However, we do not understand the pulmonary characteristic of the patient by the measurement of data. Therefore, the setting of the artificial respirator is decided by the experience and the intuition of the doctor. Purposes of this study are to develop a method to estimate the static P-V curve and the pulmonary elastance of the patient. The static P-V curve expresses the important feature of the lung, and this curve is a basis for deciding the air-way pressure limit value. In the previous works, we proposed the iterative fuzzy estimation method and the random optimization of the fuzzy variables. In this paper, a modified optimization algorithm is proposed. A numerical example is shown to illustrate the improvement in our modified algorithm.

The ventilation condition of artificial respiration should be set carefully, and the setting is expected to match individual pulmonary characteristic of each patient. However, we do not understand the pulmonary characteristic of the patient by the measurement of data. Therefore, the setting of the artificial respirator is decided by the experience and the intuition of the doctor. Purposes of this study are to develop a method to estimate the static P-V curve and the pulmonary elastance of the patient. The static P-V curve expresses the important feature of the lung, and this curve is a basis for deciding the air-way pressure limit value. In the previous works, we proposed the iterative fuzzy estimation method and the random optimization of the fuzzy variables. In this paper, a modified optimization algorithm is proposed. A numerical example is shown to illustrate the improvement in our modified algorithm.

The characteristic of pulmonary is different, and the setting of the respirator is decided by the experience and the perception of the doctor now. Therefore, the suitable setting of ventilation conditions is needed for every patient. The static P-V curve expresses the characteristic of human lungs, and that is needed for the parameter setting of the respirator. Thus we must estimate the pulmonary elastance and the static P-V curve. In our previous work, the fuzzy logic technique has been proposed to estimate the pulmonary elastance that is a nonlinear function by fuzzy combination of first order functions. However, manual operation is needed to set suitable range of the fuzzy variables in this technique. In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed for fuzzy variables's range setting, and the effectiveness of the suggested technique is illustrated by an estimation example using real patient data.

The characteristic of pulmonary is different, and the setting of the respirator is decided by the experience and the perception of the doctor now. Therefore, the suitable setting of ventilation conditions is needed for every patient. The static P-V curve expresses the characteristic of human lungs, and that is needed for the parameter setting of the respirator. Thus we must estimate the pulmonary elastance and the static P-V curve. In our previous work, the fuzzy logic technique has been proposed to estimate the pulmonary elastance that is a nonlinear function by fuzzy combination of first order functions. However, manual operation is needed to set suitable range of the fuzzy variables in this technique. In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed for fuzzy variables's range setting, and the effectiveness of the suggested technique is illustrated by an estimation example using real patient data.

An individual evaluation of mechanical characteristics of a bone provides useful information for diagnoses and treatments of each patient. This paper proposes an estimation method of the masticatory forces using an objective function composed of three criteria : efficiency of muscular activities, moment balance between muscular and biting forces, and reaction forces at condyles. The method is firstly applied to a patient whose jaw has a severe deformity. After examination of effects of the criteria, patient-specific stress analyses are performed using the estimated muscular forces. The analytical result shows no stress concentration and little difference in stress distribution on both left and right sides in spite of the asymmetrical mandibular shape and masticatory condition. Then, the method is applied to another two patients with different mandibular morphologies. The estimated forces of the two patients well agree to the empirical knowledge of the relationship between mandibular shape and muscular forces., Article, 日本機械学会論文集. C編. 74(743):1857-1864 (2008)

FPGA の消費電力削減と性能向上を実現させるためには、アーキテクチャと回路合成技術の面から考えな ければならない。本研究では、消費電力および遅延の削減を目的関数とする配置配線アルゴリズムの提案を目指して いる。本稿では、そのための基礎技術としてLUT 型FPGA を対象とした消費電力および遅延の見積もり手法の提案 を行い、精度の評価を行うためにNanosim による見積もり結果との比較を行った。, It is necessary to consider the architecture and synthesis technology to achieve the power reduction and the performance improvement of FPGA. In this research, it proposes the placement and routing algorithm for power and delay reduction. In this paper, it proposes the power and delay estimation method for LUT-based FPGAs, and it compared with the estimate result by Nanosim to evaluate accuracy.

集積回路の加工寸法の縮小に伴い，回路の動作電圧とノイズマージンが低下し，宇宙線に起因するソフト エラーが無視できなくなってきた．本稿では，CPU，キャッシュ，及び主記憶からなるコンピュータシステムのソフト エラーの発生回数をシステムレベルで評価する手法を提案する．キャッシュメモリやレジスタなどのハードウェア単 体のソフトエラー率を単純に足し合わせることによって求めたソフトエラー率はしばしば悲観的な値となる．これは， コンピュータシステムで発生するソフトエラーが，ハードウェア単体のソフトエラー率SER だけでなくプログラムの 振る舞いや使用されている誤り訂正技術の種類と適用箇所に依存するためである．本稿で提案するソフトエラー数の 見積もり技術は，プログラムの動的な振る舞いを考慮し，ソフトエラー数を見積もるものである．はじめに，メモリ 階層を有するコンピュータシステムのためのソフトエラー数見積もりモデルを議論する．次に，本モデルを用いて， サイクル精度の命令セットシミュレーションによりソフトエラー発生回数を見積もるアルゴリズムを議論する．提案 手法はコンピュータシステムにおける高信頼化の指針を与えるものである．, As the feature size of integrated circuits shrinks, their voltage and noise margins are lowered and the soft error issue becomes more and more serious. In this paper, we propose a reliability evaluation technique for soft-error susceptible computer systems. Conventional static soft-error estimation for computer systems with SERs of memory modules results in their pessimistic SERs. This is because memory cells under usage depend on dynamic behavior of computer systems and not all soft errors on memory modules make computer systems faulty. In our proposed technique, dynamic behavior of computer systems is taken into account for accurate soft-error estimation. First, we introduce a model to evaluate soft-errors of computer systems. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to model dynamic behavior of computer systems. Next, soft-error estimation algorithm considering dynamic behavior of computer systems is proposed. Our reliability evaluation technique gives system designers a means to estimate the number of soft errors of their products early in design with low cost.

ソフトウェアの開発規模を見積もる手段としてファンクションポイント法が用いられることが多くなっている. ファンクションポイント法は, ソフトウェアの機能要件だけを抽出して定量的に計測する手法である. ファンクションポイントは一般的に要求仕様書や分析・設計書等から計測されるが, 過去の開発において, それらの中間生成物が既に存在せず, 最終生成物であるソースコードしか存在しない場合も多い. そこで本研究では, オブジェクト指向開発されたプログラムからファンクションポイントを計測するための手法について検討する. また, その手法に基づいてJavaソースコードからのファンクションポイント計測ツールを開発し, その評価を行なう., Function point analysis (FPA) was proposed to help measure the functionality of software systems. It is widely used to estimate the system size and the effort required for the actual system development in software development. However, if an organization tries to introduce FPA, FP will have to be counted from the past software developed there, and this counting is time-consuming. For the past software, the requirements specification and design specification were sometimes missing. In such case, FP must be counted from only the source code. In this paper, we propose detailed FPA measurement rules for JAVA program and develop the function point measurement tool.

インパルスフラッシオーバ電圧の推定には,Dixonら[2]によって提案された昇降法が用いられている.これに対して,廣瀬ら[4,5]は,データ解析方法を変更した新しい昇降法を提案し,その方法にはより良い推定精度を与えるという利点があることを主張している.本稿では,この昇降法による推定量の偏りについて考え,それを解析的に調べる.その結果にもとづいて,新しい昇降法と従来の昇降法との関係を明らかにする.ここで得られた結果は数値的に検証されている.Theflashover voltage estimation has been carried out with the up-and-down method by Dixon et al. [2] conventionally. On the other hand, Hirose et al.[4,5] proposed a new version of the method to change the way of analyzing data, and asserted that their new method had an dvantage to give better confidence interval for the estimate.In this paper we are concerned with an issue on the bias in the estimator of the new method and investigate it analytically. This makes it clear the relationship between the new and the conventional ones. All the results are numerically confirmed.

ソフトウェアの機能要件のみを抽出して「機能量」を定量的に測定するファンクションポイント法(FP法)が提案されている.FP法は当初規模算出, 見積り, ソフトウェアプロジェクトの計測ツールとして始まったが, 現在では一般的なビジネス尺度としても急速に広まりつつある.これまでに, 我々は開発の最上流工程で作成される要求仕様書に対してFPを計測する手法を提案し, 計測者によって誤差が出ないようにするためにFP計測ツールを試作してきた.本研究では, 試作した計測ツールの評価と実際の開発現場での適用についての考察を行うことを目的とする.まず, 評価に当たっては, REQUARIOで作成された要求仕様書に対してツールの計測したFP値とFP計測の熟練者が測定したFP値との比較を行う.比較の結果, トランザクションファンクションの計測に一部差が生じることが確認された.次に, 計測結果の間で発生した差について考察し, それに対する対処方法について検討を行った., Function Points Analysis(FPA)was proposed by Albrecht to help measure the size of a computerized business information system.It is widely used to estimate the size and cost of the actual software development.We have proposed detailed FPA measurement method for the requirements specification described by the requirements analysis system REQUARIO, and developed the function point measurement tool based on the method.In this paper, we evaluate the function points measurement tool by applying it to the actual requirements specification developed in practice. At first, we compare the value of function points calulated by the tool with the value by the experienced analyst. Then, we examine the difference between them and discuss the applicability of our tool.

Tbis paper deals with the accuracy of on-line estimations of the thermal elongation over whole length of the spindle and the thermal displacement of the spindle. The telemetering system is adopted to measure the axial temperature distribution of the spindle. At the same time the elongation and the displacement are measured by capacitive type displacement sensor. Estimated elongation and dioplacement are compared respectively with measured values, and it is clarified that the estimated elongation and displacement coincide well with measured values : accuracy with error within +3.5〜 - 1.6цm for 100 цm elongation and accuracy with error within +1.3 - 1.3 цm for 13цm displacement.

ソフトウェアを測定する上で規模は基本となる尺度である.ソフトウェアの規模を測定する手法の一つにファンクションポイント法がある.ファンクションポイント法は, 開発するシステムに存在するデータを5種類のタイプに分類し, それぞれ点数をつけて数値化したものである.しかし, ファンクションポイント法は計測者によっては30%以上の誤差が出ることや開発プロセスの最上流過程で作成される要求仕様書に対しての計測方法は確立されていないといったことがある.本研究では, 要求仕様定義支援ツールREQUARIOで作成された要求仕様書に対してファンクションポイントを計測するための詳細な手順を提案し, その手順に基づくファンクションポイント計測ツールの試作を行なった.開発したツールは, VC++5.0で作成しWindows95上で動作する.サイズは約7000行である.また, 実際の現場で作成された仕様書に対するツールの適用も行なった., The method of Function Point Analysis(FPA)was proposed by Albrecht to help measure the size of a computerized business information system. It is widely used in the actual software development. However, it has been pointed out that FPA leads to 30 percent defference for same product by people. Also, the application of FPA to requirements specification has not been established. In this paper, we propose detailed FPA measurement method for the requirements specification analyzed using the requirements analysis system REQUARIO, and develop the function point measurement tool based on the method. The tool is implemented by Visual C++5.0 on Windows95. The size of the tool is approximately 7000 lines. Moreover, we have applied the tool to requirements specification developed in a computer company.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how images and attitudes of Chinese students that have toward Japan and Japanese. The paper is based on data collected by 108 returned country Chinese students accepted investigate questionnaire, and the factors studies were modernity, humanity and excellence with Japanese by 18 adjective categories. The results showed that several fingings are as follows : returned country students have a high estimation of the excellence and humanity with Japanese. On the modernity is a low estimate. The question is extremelly difficult for foreigners to be accepted by the Japanese society. There remains a second question : Japanese vary in their attitudes toward Westerners and Asian foreigners. It offers the key to an understanding of their images or attitudes of Japan and Japanese have changed since they returned home., 国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Although the development of Macro-Econometric Model in Japan had started in the late 1950s under the leadership of university economists, the recent tendency shows that Macro-Econometric Models seem not to have been so attractive for economists in universities any longer. The change over time has mainly caused by increase in cost as well as labor for model building as a result of increased model size. But we believe that Macro-Econometric Models are effective tools for analyzing structural changes in economy, evaluating relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies. For these purposes, Macro-Econometric Models should not be so large in scale, but medium size models like 70-100 endogenous variables are sufficient as long as models are built on sound economic theories. Our model relying on the Keynesian macro-theory consist of 3 main sectors, the output sector, the labor sector, and the monetary sector. The model is not a complete presentation of Japanese economy, but we believe that this is a good starting point for future extensions. This paper is organized as follows : After a brief introduction in the section 1, we explain structural features of the model in section 2. In section 3, we introduce the data set used in the estimation of the model with main focus on the processed data set. In section 4, we state the specification of each equation, and give some evaluations on our estimated results. In section 5, we provide the result of final test over the period of 1970-1983. Finally in section 6, we shall outline the main conclusions and discuss future extensions of our model.