6,600 results
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2. Call for Papers: Special Issue Metamaterials, Metadevices and Applications
- Author
-
Andrea Alu
- Subjects
Radiation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2022
3. The Most Popular Papers Published in 2019
- Author
-
Jianguo Ma
- Subjects
Radiation ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Amplifier ,MIMO ,Microwave theory ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Convergence (routing) ,Wireless ,Table (database) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Telecommunications ,5G - Abstract
Mobile and wireless communications are playing an irreplaceable role in our daily life. 5G is highly expected and can be considered as the convergence of mobile and wireless communications. This topic becomes one of the hottest research topics recently, and papers on this topic have been paid much attention. Table I lists the top ten papers published in the IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (TMTT) in 2019 with the highest numbers of Full Text View since published. Seven papers are about millimeter-waves (mm-waves), and because mm-waves multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) will be adopted globally, the 24.25–27.5-GHz band and 27–29.5-GHz bands are now approved worldwide as the standard 5G communication bands. The most popular paper is published by Asbeck et al. [item 1) in the Appendix] for mm-wave power amplifiers.
- Published
- 2021
4. Paper-Based RFID-Enabled Wireless Platforms for Sensing Applications
- Author
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Amin Rida, J. Pan, Rushi Vyas, Manos M. Tentzeris, Vasilis Lakafosis, S. Travis, and N. Chaisilwattana
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Transmitter ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microcontroller ,Ultra high frequency ,Electronic engineering ,Systems design ,Wireless ,Radio-frequency identification ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Antenna (radio) ,business ,Wireless sensor network - Abstract
In this paper, the feasibility of inkjet printing of circuit and microwave structures on paper-based substrates is investigated for the first time in the implementation of a complete low-cost wireless platform for sensors. First, the system-level design of the module including the amplifier characterization were carried out to ensure optimum performance of the sensor modules in the UHF bands used in RF identification communication. These results were then used to design two different antenna structures, which are printed on paper along with their respective circuit layouts using inket-printing technology. Different techniques were investigated for the assembly of circuit components on the silver printed layouts. Finally, wireless link measurements on the assembled prototypes verified the good performance on the wireless and sensing sides.
- Published
- 2009
5. Microwave (8–50 GHz) Characterization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Papers Using Rectangular Waveguides
- Author
-
Lu Wang, Rongguo Zhou, and Hao Xin
- Subjects
Permittivity ,Nanotube ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,HFSS ,Dielectric ,Carbon nanotube ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Network analyzer (electrical) ,law.invention ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Optics ,law ,Scattering parameters ,Optoelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Waveguide - Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are characterized at X-, Ku-, Ka-, and Q-bands by rectangular waveguide measurements. The scattering parameters (S-parameters) of thin MWNT papers containing a large ensemble of randomly oriented nanotubes are measured by a vector network analyzer from 8 to 50 GHz. A rigorous extraction algorithm has been developed to compute the effective complex permittivity ( epsiv = epsiv'- jepsiv") and permeability ( mu = mu' - jmu") of the nanotube papers from the measured -parameters. The extracted effective medium parameters are verified by finite-element simulations using Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The uncertainties for this characterization method are analyzed. The systematic uncertainties are found larger at lower frequencies than at higher frequencies. The extracted conductivity of the nanotube papers is in the range of 810-1500 S/m and the dielectric constant is from 250 to 700. The extracted complex permittivity can be fitted with the Drude-Lorentz model for the 8-50-GHz frequency range. The effective medium theory is then applied to remove the impact of air in the nanotube paper.
- Published
- 2008
6. RFID Tag and RF Structures on a Paper Substrate Using Inkjet-Printing Technology
- Author
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Amin Rida, Rushi Vyas, Manos M. Tentzeris, and Li Yang
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Relative permittivity ,Substrate (printing) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstrip ,Resonator ,Ultra high frequency ,Band-pass filter ,Electronic engineering ,Radio-frequency identification ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Microwave - Abstract
In this paper, inkjet-printed UHF and microwave circuits fabricated on paper substrates are investigated for the first time as an approach that aims for a system-level solution for fast and ultra-low-cost mass production. First, the RF characteristics of the paper substrate are studied by using the microstrip ring resonator in order to characterize the relative permittivity (epsivr) and loss tangent (tan delta) of the substrate at the UHF band for the first time reported. A UHF RFID tag module is then developed with the inkjet-printing technology, proving this approach could function as an enabling technology for much simpler and faster fabrication on/in paper. Simulation and well-agreed measurement results, which show very good agreement, verify a good performance of the tag module. In addition, the possibility of multilayer RF structures on a paper substrate is explored, and a multilayer patch resonator bandpass filter demonstrates the feasibility of ultra-low-cost 3-D paper-on-paper RF/wireless structures.
- Published
- 2007
7. Editorial: Comments About the 2012 International Microwave Symposium Special Issue and Conference Papers Versus Journal Papers
- Author
-
George E. Ponchak
- Subjects
Radiation ,Operations research ,Computer science ,Library science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
The 38 papers in this special issue are expanded versions of papers presented at the 2012 International Microwave Symposium. held on June 17-22, 2012, in Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Published
- 2013
8. Electromagnetic paper drying
- Author
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J.C. Monzon
- Subjects
Approximation theory ,Radiation ,Fabrication ,Materials science ,Computer simulation ,business.industry ,Iterative method ,Electrical engineering ,Mechanics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electromagnetic radiation ,Nonlinear system ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,FOIL method ,Microwave - Abstract
A solution to the nonlinear problem of drying of a sheet material is presented, which combines basic thermodynamic properties with the field equations. Some results are given in a numerical simulation. >
- Published
- 1995
9. Efficient Programmable Pulse Shaping for $X$ -Band GaN MMIC Radar Power Amplifiers
- Author
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Daniel Niessen, Corrado Florian, Tommaso Cappello, Scott Schafer, Rudi Paolo Paganelli, Zoya Popovic, Florian, Corrado, Cappello, Tommaso, Niessen, Daniel, Paganelli, Rudi Paolo, Schafer, Scott, and Popovic, Zoya
- Subjects
Engineering ,envelope tracking (ET) ,X band ,02 engineering and technology ,This paper presents a supply modulated X-band 12-W peak power transmitter that maintains an average efficiency greater than 50% for various shapes of amplitude-modulated pulses. The main power amplifier is a two-stage GaN-on-SiC MMIC with a peak efficiency of 65%, while the pulse envelope modulator is a 95% efficient hybrid 3-b power DAC implemented with GaN-on-Si transistor switches. Envelope shaping of a pulsed waveform results in improved spectral confinement of greater than 15 dB for the first sideband compared with constant-envelope pulses, with over 20 points improvement in total efficiency. The combination of supply modulation and digital predistortion is shown to result in high composite (total) efficiency of over 55%, with simultaneous high dynamic range and with flexible digitally programmable pulse shaping ,Predistortion ,law.invention ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,spectral confinement ,Monolithic microwave integrated circuit ,Radiation ,power DAC (pDAC) ,Sideband ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Transistor ,Electrical engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Envelope Tracking (ET) ,radar pulsing ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Pulse shaping ,radar pulse shaping ,supply modulator ,Modulation ,Optoelectronics ,business - Abstract
This paper presents a supply modulated $X$ -band 12-W peak power transmitter that maintains an average efficiency greater than 50% for various shapes of amplitude-modulated pulses. The main power amplifier is a two-stage GaN-on-SiC MMIC with a peak efficiency of 65%, while the pulse envelope modulator is a 95% efficient hybrid 3-b power DAC implemented with GaN-on-Si transistor switches. Envelope shaping of a pulsed waveform results in improved spectral confinement of greater than 15 dB for the first sideband compared with constant-envelope pulses, with over 20 points improvement in total efficiency. The combination of supply modulation and digital predistortion is shown to result in high composite (total) efficiency of over 55%, with simultaneous high dynamic range and with flexible digitally programmable pulse shaping.
- Published
- 2017
10. Mathematical Expression of the Loading Characteristics of Microwave Oscillators and Injection-Locking Characteristics (Short Paper)
- Author
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J. Ikenoue, K. Fukumoto, and Masamitsu Nakajima
- Subjects
Imagination ,Physics ,Van der Pol oscillator ,Radiation ,Admittance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Short paper ,Mechanics ,Microwave engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microwave oscillators ,Injection locking ,Traveling wave ,Electronic engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,media_common - Abstract
Most of the studies concerning microwave oscillators have so far been based on the Van der Pol oscillator model. However, this model is too simple to obtain good agreement between observation and theory. Our previous paper proposed a new mathematical model which describes the loading characteristics of oscillators more accurately than the Van der Pol model does. In this paper, we have investigated injection-locked microwave oscillators using the mathematical model to find out the relation between the loading and injection-locking characteristics.
- Published
- 1985
11. Latching Ferrite Quadrupole-Field Devices (Short Paper)
- Author
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Yansheng Xu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Electrical engineering ,Duplex (telecommunications) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Polarization (waves) ,Magnetization ,Quadrupole field ,Electronic engineering ,Power dividers and directional couplers ,Ferrite (magnet) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Reciprocal - Abstract
In this paper a brief survey of research and development on latching ferrite quadnrpole-field devices in China is presented. Initially, theoretical analyses and some general roles for these kinds of devices are given. Some practical construction techniques and experimental results are also presented. Finally, many practical devices are described (e.g. reciprocal phase shifters with fast switching polarizations, reciprocal phase shifters with transverse magnetization, duplex phase shifters). In general, latching ferrite quadrupole-field devices have many advantages, among them simplicity, ruggedness, and rapid switching.
- Published
- 1987
12. Design of Partial Height Ferrite Waveguide Circulators (Short Papers)
- Author
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E.J. Denlinger
- Subjects
Radiation ,Materials science ,Acoustics ,Short paper ,Circulator ,Electronic engineering ,Ferrite (magnet) ,Dielectric ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Center frequency ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Short circuit ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
This short paper presents a design procedure for the widely used three-port waveguide circulator that has a partial height ferrite post in the junction region. Design formulas and curves are derived for two configurations of partial height circulators: one has a short circuit at one end of the ferrite post, while the other has dielectric spacers at both ends. The design method was used to build two circulators for operation at 38 GHz and 60 GHz, respectively. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment was obtained in predicting the center frequency and required matching structure of these devices.
- Published
- 1974
13. Scattering at an N-Furcated Parallel-Plate Waveguide Junction (Short Paper)
- Author
-
R.R. Mansour and R.H. Macphie
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,Scattering ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Schottky diode ,Condensed Matter Physics ,law.invention ,Gallium arsenide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Optics ,chemistry ,law ,Scattering parameters ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Waveguide ,Excitation ,Bifurcation - Abstract
Using the conservation of complex power technique (CCPT), this paper presents a solution to the problem of EM scattering at the junction of a parallel-plate waveguide and an N-furcated parallel-plate waveguide with arbitrarily spaced thick septa. Although this junction can be regarded as an (N + 1)-port configuration, the problem is formulated so that it is viewed mathematically as a generalized 2-port. This leads to very simple expressions for the scattering parameters of the junction. Convergent numerical results are presented for bifurcated, trifurcated, and 4-furcated structures, and the effects of varying the thickness of the septa are investigated. The formulation is directly applicable to N-furcated rectangular waveguide junctions having TE/sub n0/ excitation, with application in the design of E-plane filters.
- Published
- 1985
14. Numerical Analysis of Various Configurations of Slab Lines (Short Paper)
- Author
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Giuseppe Macchiarella, M. Politi, and G. B. Stracca
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Numerical analysis ,Short paper ,Mathematical analysis ,Dissipation ,Physics::Classical Physics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Interference (wave propagation) ,Characteristic impedance ,Optics ,Line (geometry) ,Slab ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance - Abstract
Numerical solutions are presented for the characteristic impedance of various line structures derived from the slab line, which allow the calculation also of the even and odd impedance of coupled slab lines. Some approximated formulas are also derived, which match the numerical results with good precision for a large range of geometrical dimensions of the structures. The results presented here are compared with some formulas and numerical results available from previous technical papers.
- Published
- 1986
15. Measurements of Time-Varying Millimeter-Wave Vectors by a Dynamic Bridge Method (Short Paper)
- Author
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A.M. Yurek, M.G. Li, and C.H. Lee
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Attenuation ,Short paper ,Time evolution ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Waveguide (optics) ,Bridge (nautical) ,Optics ,Extremely high frequency ,Semiconductor waveguides ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Microwave - Abstract
A dynamic bridge-measurement technique has been developed to characterize the time evolution of millimeter-wave fields in a plasma-controlled semiconductor waveguide. The time resolution of this technique is about 2 ns.
- Published
- 1986
16. A Multifrequency Water-filled Waveguide Application Thermal Dosimetry In Vivo (Short Paper)
- Author
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G. Arcangeli, A. Borrani, G.A. Lovisolo, and M. Adami
- Subjects
Waveguide (electromagnetism) ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Thermal dosimetry ,Short paper ,Dielectric ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Thermal pollution ,Thermal ,Electronic engineering ,Dosimetry ,Optoelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
A new horn-shaped waveguide hyperthermia applicator, operating in the range 300-1000 MHz, has been designed. The applicator is filled with deionized water acting as both a dielectric and a cooling fluid. Pretiminary tests indicate that proper heating can be achieved at frequencies of about 340,440, 560, and 690 MHz, A very low level of enviromental pollution was observed. Thermodosimetry has been carried ont on two young femate sheep. Measurements in vivo have been carried out using up to 5 temperature sensors in different positions. The results indicate the occurrence of different temperature trends if the water is maintained at 15, 23, 30, and 35°C.
- Published
- 1984
17. Experimental Simulation of Plasma Using Strip Medium (Short Paper)
- Author
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Dikshitulu K. Kalluri, S. Sataindra, and R. Prasad
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Short paper ,X band ,Physics::Optics ,STRIPS ,Plasma ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electromagnetic radiation ,law.invention ,Optics ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance - Abstract
A technique for the plasma simulation using a two-dimensional strip medium is developed. The experimental results for, X-band rectangular waveguide and cavity filled with the strip simulated plasma are in good agreement witi the theoretical results and thus validate the simulation.
- Published
- 1986
18. Development and Testing of a 2450-MHz Lens Applicator for Localized Microwave Hyperthermia (Short Paper)
- Author
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M. Kikuchi, S. Mori, and Yoshio Nikawa
- Subjects
Heating power ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Aperture ,Physics::Medical Physics ,Short paper ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electromagnetic heating ,Imaging phantom ,law.invention ,Lens (optics) ,Optics ,law ,Microwave hyperthermia ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Penetration depth ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
A new type of applicator with a convergent lens for localized microwave hyperthermia is developed. A lens applicator of direct contact type was designed to conduct actual and progressive experiments with phantoms of simulated fat and muscle tissues heated at 2450 MHz. The experimental results showed that the heating power penetration depth increased 40 percent with this applicator as compared to a simple rectangular waveguide applicator with the same size aperture that had generally been used for microwave hyperthermia. Our applicator had a concave-shaped aperture and was designed to contact well with the heating medium whose shape was cylindrical like a human body.
- Published
- 1985
19. On the Nonthermal Microwave Response of Drosophila Melanogaster (Short Paper)
- Author
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G. Nimtz, H. Frucht, and H. Aichmann
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,biology ,Short paper ,Microwave response ,Frequency dependence ,Condensed Matter Physics ,biology.organism_classification ,Radiation effect ,Power level ,Biological materials ,Horticulture ,Electronic engineering ,Irradiation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Drosophila melanogaster - Abstract
The fertility of microwave-irradiated fruit flies was investigated in an experiment conductedat 40 GHz and at a low power level to avoid thermal effects. In a series of six experiments with 82910 flies, the fertifity of irradiated flies and of their first and second filial generation was determined. No radiation effect was found. This result is contrary to previously pnblished data.
- Published
- 1984
20. Application of Microstrip Analysis to the Design of a Broad-Band Electrooptical Modulator (Short Papers)
- Author
-
E. Yamashita, T. Akamatsu, and K. Atsuki
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Attenuation ,Computation ,Acoustic diffraction ,Short paper ,Beam steering ,Broad band ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstrip ,Optics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
This short paper describes a proposed structure of a broad-band electrooptical modulator and an application of existing microstrip analysis programs to determine dimensions of the structure for a broad-band property. Results of numerical computations indicate that it is possible to obtain a broad-band modulator by using LiNbO/sub 3/ or LiTaO/sub 3/.
- Published
- 1974
21. On the odd-mode capacitance of the coupled microstriplines [Short Papers]
- Author
-
S. S. Bedair
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,Mathematical model ,Short paper ,Mode (statistics) ,Conformal map ,STRIPS ,Microwave transmission ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Topology ,Capacitance ,Microstrip ,law.invention ,law ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Abstract
This short paper aims to recognize the correct decomposition for the total odd-mode capacitance of the coupled microstriplines and present an improved expression for the gap capacitances. The used procedure utilizes the results which were obtained earlier by the conformal mapping techniques.
- Published
- 1980
22. A Reference Noise Standard for Millimeter Waves (Short Papers)
- Author
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W.C. Daywitt
- Subjects
Engineering ,Noise power ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Frequency standard ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic engineering ,Range (statistics) ,NIST ,Reference noise ,Millimeter ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Reference standards - Abstract
The WR15 thermal noise standard that is used as the national reference standard of noise power in the frequency range from 56 to 64 GHz is described in this short paper. The source forms a basis for both the noise-power comparison service and noise-figure service offered by the National Bureau of Standards in this frequency range.
- Published
- 1973
23. Design and Performance of a 60-90-GHz Broad-Band Mixer (Short papers)
- Author
-
R. Kawasaki and N. Kanmuri
- Subjects
Waveguide filter ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Electrical engineering ,Schottky diode ,Broad band ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic engineering ,Radio frequency ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
This short paper describes a practical design and performance of 60-90-GHz broad-band mixers. Conversion loss was less than 11 dB in the 60-90-GHz region, and the conversion-loss deviation could be less than about 1 dB throughout the 30-GHz band with fixed circuit parameters. In this design, a new construction technique, using a wave absorber in place of a filter in the IF circuit, was employed.
- Published
- 1976
24. Solutions for Some Waveguide Discontinuities by the Method of Moments (Short Papers)
- Author
-
Vu Khac Thong
- Subjects
Radiation ,Aperture ,Mathematical analysis ,Short paper ,Electric-field integral equation ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Integral equation ,Electromagnetic radiation ,law.invention ,Waveguide discontinuities ,law ,Boundary value problem ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Waveguide ,Mathematics - Abstract
The electromagnetic boundary value problem of two waveguides coupled by an aperture or an aperture in a waveguide radiating into free space may be described by an integral equation. An analytical solution to this integral equation cannot be readily found due to the complexity of the kernel. However, extremely useful results may be obtained if the method of moments is employed to reduce the integral equation to a matrix equation which can be solved by known methods. In this short paper, series and shunt slots in a rectangular waveguide are analyzed using this technique.
- Published
- 1972
25. Dispersion in Unilateral Finlines on Anisotropic Substrates (Short Paper)
- Author
-
A. Kumar and A.-A.T.K. Shalaby
- Subjects
Radiation ,Materials science ,Magnetoresistance ,business.industry ,Wave propagation ,Mathematical analysis ,Short paper ,Function (mathematics) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Optics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Propagation constant ,business ,Anisotropy ,Galerkin method ,Dispersion (water waves) - Abstract
The dispersion characteristics of the dominant and higher order modes in unilateral finlines on uniaxially anisotropic substrates have been obtained. The solution has been obtained by applying the equivalent transmission-line concept in the spectral domain and by using Galerkin's method. Numerical results for the propagation constant as a function of the slot-width ratio and frequency are presented.
- Published
- 1987
26. Design Curves for --3-dB Branchline Couplers (Short Paper)
- Author
-
J.A.G. Malherbe and A.F. Celliers
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Circuit design ,Short paper ,Classification of discontinuities ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Compensation (engineering) ,Discontinuity (linguistics) ,Electronic engineering ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance ,Stripline - Abstract
Design curves for --3-dB branchline couplers that include compensation for the junction discontinuities are presented. The curves are obtained by including an accurate model of a stripline T-junction in an optimization program.
- Published
- 1985
27. Determination of the Admittance of a General Waveguide-Coaxial Line Junction (Short Paper)
- Author
-
M.E. Bialkowski and P.J. Khan
- Subjects
Radiation ,Admittance ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Focused Impedance Measurement ,Short paper ,Physics::Optics ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Waveguide (optics) ,Optoelectronics ,Coaxial line ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons ,Electrical conductor - Abstract
An analytical approximate method to determine the admittance of a general coaxial-waveguide junction is presented. The accuracy of the method is verified experimentally for the case of rectangular waveguide.
- Published
- 1984
28. A Method for the Calculation of Exact Capacitances of Circular Rod Arrays (Short Paper)
- Author
-
S. Caspi
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Mathematical analysis ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Integral equation ,Capacitance ,Rod ,law.invention ,Optics ,Exact solutions in general relativity ,law ,Rectangle ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Transformer ,business ,Electrical conductor - Abstract
An exact solution of the capacitance matrix of circular rods located inside a grounded rectangle is presented. The capacitances were determined by solving the integral equation for the charge densities on the conductors using the Green function. The results are compared to E. G. Cristal's [1] data. Examples of the computing capacitance matrix for some unsymmetrical configurations are given.
- Published
- 1986
29. An X-Band Four-Diode Power Combiner Using Gunn Diodes (Short Paper)
- Author
-
G. Ghosh, S.K. De, and K. Bhattacharyya
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Frequency drift ,X band ,Electrical engineering ,Power combiner ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Fm noise ,Optoelectronics ,Power dividers and directional couplers ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Diode ,Gunn diode - Abstract
A four-diode X-band Gunn diode combiner is described, and the performance characteristics are presented for combining efficiency, tuning range, pushing fire, frequency drift, external Q, and FM noise.
- Published
- 1986
30. On the Noise Parameters of Isolator and Receiver with Isolator at the Input (Short Paper)
- Author
-
M.W. Pospieszalski
- Subjects
Noise temperature ,Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,education ,Short paper ,Isolator ,Radio receiver ,Condensed Matter Physics ,law.invention ,Background noise ,law ,Electronic engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Noise (radio) - Abstract
Noise parameters of an isolator and those of a receiver with an isolator at the input are reviewed. Some comments on recently published results are offered.
- Published
- 1986
31. A Method of Avoiding the Edge Current Divergence in Perturbation Loss Calculations (Short Paper)
- Author
-
L. Lewin
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiation ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,business.industry ,Short paper ,Perturbation (astronomy) ,Geometry ,STRIPS ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Millimeter wave integrated circuits ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Optical receivers ,Integrated optics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Perturbation method - Abstract
From a consideration of the properties near the edge of a flat finite-thickness strip and an elliptic cross-section strip, it is shown that the divergence that arises in the perturbation method near a sharp edge can be handled by halting the loss calculation at a definite distance just short of the strip edge. This distance can be expressed in terms of the radius of curvature at the tip for a rounded edge, and in terms of the strip thickness for a flat edge.
- Published
- 1984
32. Dispersion Characteristics for Wide Slotlines on Low-Permittivity Substrates (Short Paper)
- Author
-
Ramakrishna Janaswamy and H.D. Schaubert
- Subjects
Permittivity ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Lambda ,Computational physics ,Wavelength ,Optics ,Electric field ,Curve fitting ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Propagation constant ,Galerkin method ,business ,Spectral method - Abstract
This paper provides additional dispersion data on slotlines not available in the literature to date. In particular, data are presented on wide slots etched on an electrically thin substrate of low-dielectric constant. The range of parameters covered in this paper are 0.006
- Published
- 1985
33. A Study of Measurements of Connector Repeatability Using Highly Reflecting Loads (Short Paper)
- Author
-
J.R. Juroshek
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Acoustics ,Reactance ,RF connector ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Cable gland ,Transmission line ,Electronic engineering ,Measurement uncertainty ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,Radio frequency ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Reflection coefficient ,business - Abstract
This paper investigates the repeatability of measurements of the reflection coefficient Gamma of highly reflecting devices with changes in the RF connector joint. The changes in the connector joint are due to disconnecting and reconnecting the connector pair. It is shown that many of the measurement discrepancies observed in practice can be explained with a simple connector model. The paper shows that the sensitivity of measuring RF connector changes can be increased by using highly reflecting loads. The changes in Gamma due to changes in resistance or reactance can be four times greater for highly reflecting devices (|Gamma| /spl ap/ 1)than for nonreflecting devices (|Gamma| /spl ap/ 0). Experiments on two devices with 14-mm connectors are described in order to compare them with theory. The basic principles described in this paper should be beneficial to connector designers who need to observe small changes in connector parameters and to the work of calibration standards designers, where small connector imperfections are a major part of their measurement uncertainty.
- Published
- 1987
34. Application of Boundary-Element Method to Electromagnetic Field Problems (Short Papers)
- Author
-
Ichiro Fukai and Shin Kagami
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Radiation ,Field (physics) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electromagnetic radiation ,Finite element method ,Numerical integration ,Discontinuity (linguistics) ,Electronic engineering ,Applied mathematics ,Boundary value problem ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Boundary element method ,Mathematics - Abstract
This paper proposes an application of the boundary-element method to two-dimensional electromagnetic field problems. By this method, calculations can be performed using far fewer nodes than by the finite-element method, and unbounded field problems are easily treated without special additional consideration. In addition, the results obtained have fairly good accuracy. In this paper, analyzing procedures of electromagnetic field problems by the boundary-element method, under special conditions, are proposed and several examples are investigated.
- Published
- 1984
35. New Analysis of Semiconductor Isolators: The Modified Spectral Domain Analysis (Short Papers)
- Author
-
E. Pic and S. Tedjini
- Subjects
Radiation ,Materials science ,Field (physics) ,business.industry ,Isolator ,Magnetic semiconductor ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Displacement (vector) ,Semiconductor ,Optics ,Insertion loss ,Tensor ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
This paper addresses semiconductor isolators of the field displacement effect type. The semiconductor is modelized by its surface impedance tensor. This description allows an extension of the well-known spectral domain method to the analysis of the semiconductor isolators. Different configurations are studied and numerical results are given. The finline isolator with InSb is shown to be the best choice-indeed, insertion loss is less than 3 dB/cm and isolation is greater than 18 dB/cm. Experimental results supporting these calculations will be published in a following paper.
- Published
- 1985
36. Radiation Loss from Open-Circuited Dielectric Resonators (Short Papers)
- Author
-
J. Watkins
- Subjects
Waveguide (electromagnetism) ,Radiation ,Materials science ,Dielectric resonator antenna ,business.industry ,Dielectric ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstrip ,Q factor ,Dielectric heating ,Optoelectronics ,Dielectric loss ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Antenna (radio) ,business - Abstract
The Q factor of an open-circuited resonator is influenced by dielectric, conductor, and radiation losses. This short paper discusses these losses and shows that insight into the radiation loss can be obtained by an extension to the analysis given by Lewirt. This shows that the radiation loss is a maximum for the dominant mode and that provided the permittivity is not less than 9.0 the radiation losses are at a minimum for the second mode. It is suggested that these results may be applied to the design of filters based on dielectric resonators. The application of the results to stripline resonators in which the dielectric extends past the termination of the upper conducting strip is more difficult, and it is suggested that experimental work is required to investigate postulated improvements. Finally, some of the radiation patterns of the open-circuited dielectric resonators, obtained in this paper, show interesting directional properties which may be applied to the design of antenna systems.
- Published
- 1973
37. The Segmentation Method--An Approach to the Analysis of Microwave Planar Circuits (Short Papers)
- Author
-
Y. Uehara, T. Takeuchi, and T. Okoshi
- Subjects
Radiation ,Partial differential equation ,Computer science ,Microwave engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Application software ,computer.software_genre ,Planar ,Electronic engineering ,Segmentation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,computer ,Microwave ,Monolithic microwave integrated circuit ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
In many practical planar circuitries, the circuit pattern can be divided into several segments which themselves have simpler shapes such as rectangles. The segmentation method proposed in this short paper is a method in which the characteristics of a planar circuit are computed by combining those of the segmented elements. It features a relatively short computer time required. The principle and computer algorithm are described. Finally, as an example, the application of the proposed method to the trial-and-error optimum design of a ladder-type 3-dB hybrid is described.
- Published
- 1976
38. Analysis of the Transmission Characteristics of Inhomogeneous Grounded Finlines (Short Papers)
- Author
-
A. Beyer
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Acoustics ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Reflection loss ,Classification of discontinuities ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electric power transmission ,Optics ,Designtheory ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance ,Electrical conductor - Abstract
This paper describes a concept for an efficient design of finline tapers that is especially useful in cases when certain quantities have heen prescribed with respect to reflection loss and bandwidth. Since abrupt discontinuities are neglected, the analysis is applicable to smooth finline tapers only. Various contour functions are investigated for the taper optimization. Experimental results for optimized tapers confirm the design theory.
- Published
- 1985
39. Electromagnetic Analysis of Spherical Dielectic Shielded Resonators (Short Paper)
- Author
-
A. Julien and P. Guillon
- Subjects
Permittivity ,Physics ,Radiation ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,business.industry ,Frequency band ,Electrical engineering ,Dielectric ,Dielectric resonator ,Condensed Matter Physics ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,Resonator ,Optics ,Maxwell's equations ,law ,Shielded cable ,Electromagnetic shielding ,symbols ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
We present in this paper, the electromagnetic parameters of free and shielded dielectric spherical resonators for their utilization in the millimeter-wave frequency band.
- Published
- 1986
40. Transient Analysis of a Directional Coupler Using a Coupled Mlcrostrip Slot Line in Three-Dimensional Space (Short Paper)
- Author
-
I. Fukai, Norinobu Yoshida, and S. Koike
- Subjects
Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Electrical element ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Topology ,Characteristic impedance ,Microstrip ,Poynting vector ,Electronic engineering ,Power dividers and directional couplers ,Hybrid coupler ,Time domain ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electromagnetic pulse - Abstract
In recent MIC techniques, double-sided MIC has been studied because its advantages in propagation characteristics are greater than that conventional MIC's. A coupled microstrip slotline is one of them. Its application to various circuit elements has often been discussed. But the coupled microstrip slotline is essentially three-dimensional structure, so the analysis demands a rigorous three-dimensional treatment. Also, the recent high-speed pulse technique demands analysis in the time domain. The present paper treats a directional coupler using the coupled microstrip slotline in three-dimensional space and time. The results of the directional coupler analysis is presented with the complicated time variation of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field. So, the mechanism of the directional coupling phenomena that is produced by the propagation characteristics of the even and odd modes is presented in the time domain, In particular, the instantaneous diagram of the Poynting vector details the energy flow in the transient process. For the analysis of the characteristics of the complex microwave device, these results present the utilities of the various field distributions that are obtained by the three-dimensional vector analysis in the time domain.
- Published
- 1986
41. Analysis of Finline with Finite Metallization Thickness (Short Papers)
- Author
-
T. Kitazawa and R. Mittra
- Subjects
Frequency response ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Mathematical analysis ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Determinantal equation ,Optics ,Electric power transmission ,Waveguide discontinuities ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Propagation constant ,Network synthesis filters ,business ,Electrical impedance - Abstract
In this paper, we present a method for analyzing finline structures with finite metallization thickness. The method is based on a hybrid mode formulation but it by-passes the lengthy process of formulating the determinantal equation for the unknown propagation constant. Some numerical results are presented to show the effect of the metallization thickness for unilateral and bilateral finlines.
- Published
- 1984
42. Dosimetry of Occupational Exposure to RF Radiation Measurements and Methods (Short Paper)
- Author
-
S. Tofani and G. Agnesod
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Non-ionizing radiation ,Electromagnetic radiation ,Particle detector ,Optics ,Measuring instrument ,Radiation monitoring ,Dosimetry ,Optoelectronics ,Radio frequency ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
Workers engaged in the operation of RF industrial devices are exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the near-field zone that is characterized by high spatial and temporal gradients. The present paper is concerned with measurement methods and data analyses which allow the evaluation of the electromagnetic field exposure of tbe operator together with the SAR induced by near-field exposure accounting for the spatial and temporal variations. These methods are applied to the theoretical dosimetry of the occupational exposure to RF radiation emitted by 27.12-MHz plastic sealers. The data obtained are compared with those deducible through a conventional wide-band isotropic field meter.
- Published
- 1987
43. Extension of Levy's Large-Aperture Design Formulas to the Design of Circular Irises in Coupled-Resonator Waveguide Filters (Short Papers)
- Author
-
A. Jennings and R.L. Gray
- Subjects
Engineering ,Waveguide filter ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Physics::Optics ,Extension (predicate logic) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Waveguide (optics) ,Resonator ,Optics ,Band-pass filter ,Filter (video) ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons ,Group delay and phase delay - Abstract
This paper extends some results for waveguide irises to obtain accurate design formulas for the design of circular waveguide irises in coupled-resonator rectangular waveguide filters. Experimental results confirm the improved accuracy of the new design formulas. The new approach has been successfully applied to the design of a 12-GHz waveguide filter in WR90 waveguide for satellite transponder studies. Improved accuracy in the iris design enabled the filter to meet stringent group delay specifications.
- Published
- 1984
44. Measurements of Intercavity Couplings (Short Papers)
- Author
-
A.E. Williams and A.E. Atia
- Subjects
Physics ,Waveguide filter ,Radiation ,Phase (waves) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstrip ,Computational physics ,Band-pass filter ,Reflection (physics) ,Electronic engineering ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Reflection coefficient ,Electrical impedance - Abstract
This short paper describes the determination of couplings within a system of coupled cavities by measuring frequencies at which the phase of the input reflection coefficient is either 0/spl deg/ or 180/spl deg/. A high degree of accuracy may be achieved and corrections can be made for finite cavity Q.
- Published
- 1975
45. Transient Analysis of Microstrip Gap in Three-Dimensional Space (Short Paper)
- Author
-
I. Fukai, S. Koike, and Norinobu Yoshida
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Engineering ,Radiation ,Field (physics) ,business.industry ,Mathematical analysis ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Three-dimensional space ,Microstrip ,symbols.namesake ,Maxwell's equations ,Electric field ,Electronic engineering ,symbols ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Stripline - Abstract
In this paper, we deal with the microstrip gap that should be analyzed in three-dimensional space. The time variations of the electric field at each surface of the stripline having a finite metallization thickness are analyzed. Our method of analysis is based on both an equivalent circuit of Maxwell's equations and Bergeron's method. The former has advantages in the vector analysis by using all electromagnetic components. The latter has advantages in the time-domain analysis of the field. Therefore, our method can analyze field variations in three-dimensional space and time. We present the time variation of the instantaneous electric-field distributions below the strip, at the side of the strip, and at the gap end surface. These results show how the steady-state field distribution grows in the gap.
- Published
- 1985
46. Environmentally Controlled Waveguide Irradiation Facility (Short Papers)
- Author
-
H.S. Ho, C.L. Christman, and E.I. Ginns
- Subjects
Waveguide (electromagnetism) ,Radiation ,Temperature control ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Optics ,Integral dose ,Dielectric heating ,Optoelectronics ,Dielectric loss ,Irradiation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Radiation protection ,business ,Microwave - Abstract
Research has shown that the determination of absorbed microwave energy as well as the control of environmental parameters are important in relating biological-effect data to, radiation protection. This short paper describes the development of an environmentally controlled waveguide irradiation facility for the exposure of small animals to 2450-MHz CW microwave energy. Integral dose rate is determined without perturbing the microwave field interacting with the irradiated animal.
- Published
- 1973
47. A Cost-Effective Modular Downconverter for S-Band WEFAX Reception (Short Papers)
- Author
-
H.P. Shuch
- Subjects
Engineering ,Automatic picture transmission ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Cost effectiveness ,Electrical engineering ,Facsimile ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY ,Microwave transmission ,Modular design ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Communications satellite ,S band ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Weather satellite ,business ,Telecommunications - Abstract
The relocation of weather satellite facsimile downlinks from VHF into S-band has generated a requirement for reliable, low-cost microwave receiving equipment. This paper explores many of the design tradeoffs encountered in developing one such receiver system.
- Published
- 1977
48. Computer Analysis of Gradually Tapered Waveguide with Arbitrary Cross Sections (Short Papers)
- Author
-
S.S. Saad, O.J. Davies, and J.B. Davies
- Subjects
Coupling ,Frequency response ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Differential equation ,Numerical analysis ,Mathematical analysis ,Eigenfunction ,Condensed Matter Physics ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Closed-form expression ,business ,Waveguide ,Eigenvalues and eigenvectors ,Mathematics - Abstract
This short paper presents a general computer analysis of gradually tapered waveguide with arbitrarily shaped cross sectious. The technique combines coupled-mode theory with numerical methods for solving the uniform waveguide problem. The coupling coefficients are computed by using eigenvalues and eigenfunctions obtained numerically. The mode amplitudes are obtained either by numerical solution of a set of differential equations or from a closed-form solution. The applicability of this technique is illustrated by the analysis and measurement of two transitions. It is shown that theoretical prediction of coupled-mode amplitudes is reliable for gradual tapers where the flare angle is small. For large flare angles, more rigorous coupled-mode theory has to be employed.
- Published
- 1977
49. The Near Field of an Insulated Dipole in a Dissipative Dielectric Medium (Short Paper)
- Author
-
J.P. Casey and Rajeev Bansal
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Near and far field ,Dielectric ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Radiation pattern ,Computational physics ,law.invention ,Polarization density ,Dipole ,law ,Electric field ,Dipole antenna ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
The near field of uninsulated dipole antenna in a dissipative dielectric medium is important in microwave hyperthermia and geophysical applications. In this paper, the electric field near an insulated dipole has been calculated by the direct numerical evaluation of a surface integral over the insulation. The computed results are compared with those previously obtained by an approximate numerical calculation.
- Published
- 1986
50. Planar Circuit Analysis of Microstrip Radial Stub (Short Paper)
- Author
-
Franco Giannini, R. Sorrentino, and Jan Vrba
- Subjects
Permittivity ,Engineering ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Low-pass filter ,Acoustics ,Computer Science::Software Engineering ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica ,Microstrip ,Computer Science::Other ,Stub (electronics) ,Planar ,Electric power transmission ,Electronic engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance ,Network analysis - Abstract
Radial-line stubs have been found to work better than low-impedance rectangular stubs when an accurate localization of a zero-point impedance is needed. In this paper, microstrip radial-line stubs are analyzed using a planar circuit technique and characterized for design purposes. Experiments performed on various structures are in excellent agreement with the theory and confirm the suitability of such a structure as an altenative to a conventional straight stub.
- Published
- 1984
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