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Fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography enables anatomical and haemodynamic assessment of coronary artery disease in a single non-invasive test. Its diagnostic performance has been established against invasive fractional flow reserve in multi-centre trials, and a growing body of evidence has demonstrated its utility in predicting clinical outcomes. The purpose of this article is to describe the physiological principles, review its diagnostic performance, and describe the role of this technology in a real world clinical application.Copyright © 2020 Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ)

Provides information about species of yews (Taxus), their plant needs and landscape uses.

Two very important taxa of floristic and chorologic interest: Aster linosyris (L.) Bernh.,and Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman are quoted for the first time in Avila (C Spain). We also present new references for other interesting species like Juniperus thurifera L. and Taxus baccata L. Photos and chorologic materials, maps of both discoveries with directions about their location are provided, as well as their coordinates in grids UTM of 10×10 km., Se citan por primera vez en Ávila, Aster linosyris (L.) Bernh., y Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman; dos táxones relevantes de interés florístico y corológico. Además se dan citas poco conocidas de localizaciones de otros táxones de interés como Juniperus thurifera L. o Taxus baccata L. Se aporta material fotográfico y mapas corológicos de las 2 novedades y de Juniperus thurifera, con indicación de las localidades en cuadrícula UTM de 10×10 km.

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1552604%5DMICH-V-1552604, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1552604/MICH-V-1552604/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Long Terminal Repeat retroelements (LTR-RTs) are a major component of many plant genomes. Although well studied and described in angiosperms, their features and dynamics are poorly understood in gymnosperms. Representative complete copies of a Ty1-copia element isolate in Picea abies and named PARTC were identified in six other conifer species (Picea glauca, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus taeda, Abies sibirica, Taxus baccata and Juniperus communis) covering more than 200 million years of evolution. Here we characterized the structure of this element, assessed its abundance across conifers, studied the modes and timing of its amplification, and evaluated the degree of conservation of its extant copies at nucleotide level over distant species. We demonstrated that the element is ancient, abundant, widespread and its paralogous copies are present in the genera Picea, Pinus and Abies as an LTR-RT family. The amplification leading to the extant copies of PARTC occurred over long evolutionary times spanning 10 s of MY and mostly took place after the speciation of the conifers analyzed. The level of conservation of PARTC is striking and may be explained by low substitution rates and limited removal mechanisms for LTR-RTs. These PARTC features and dynamics are representative of a more general scenario for LTR-RTs in gymnosperms quite different from that characterizing the vast majority of LTR-RT elements in angiosperms. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Funding: Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy A6013AZ

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1552605%5DMICH-V-1552605, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1552605/MICH-V-1552605/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Aan de hand van voorbeelden uit hun dagelijkse praktijk schrijven drie dierenartsen over diergezondheid in de vleesveehouderij. In dit artikel gaat het over de vergiftiging van runderen door de taxus.

Det här arbetet tar kort upp buxbomens historia i världen och vad som ger den sitt kulturhistoriska värde på kyrkogårdar. De två arter som säljs och växer i Sverige – Buxus sempervirens och B. microphylla – beskrivs med sina respektive bakgrunder och kvaliteter. Volutella buxi och Cylindrocladium buxicola är två svampar som utgör buxbomssjukan som angriper buxbom så allvarligt att man behöver hitta ersättare. Dessa ersättare beskrivs under Resultat med information och bilder. Syftet med detta arbete är att hitta fullgoda ersättare till buxbom, dessa ska vara likvärdiga buxbomen och kunna användas som formklippta häckar på kyrkogårdar. För att ta reda på ersättarna har en enkät med frågor om val av ersättare, kriterier och resultat skickats ut till 32 kyrkogårdsförvaltningar i Skåne. Vid en intervju och ett studiebesök hos Malmö Kyrkogårdsförvaltningen visade landskapsingenjör Maximilian Löfgren deras provodlingar på Östra kyrkogården och de resultat de hittills fått. För att få information till bakgrunden, buxbomssjukan och de nya ersättarna har en litteraturinsamling gjorts med hjälp av böcker och artiklar från Malmö Stadsbibliotek, SLU Alnarps bibliotek, Kenneth Lorentzons privata bibliotek samt olika internetsidor. Enkäten – som fick 21 svar – visar att många kyrkogårdar i Skåne har behövt byta ut delar av sin buxbom. Vid valet av deras ersättare var kriterierna långsamtväxande, tål hård beskärning och vintergrön viktigast. Utifrån detta har de sedan valt buxbom från egna odlingar, Lavandula, Teucrium, Taxus och Ilex som ersättare. Malmö Kyrkogårdsförvaltningen har på Östra kyrkogården provodlat tjugo olika växter för att sedan kunna välja bland dem. De vill vara säkra på att de växter de väljer ska kunna skötas om med samma personalinsats som används i nuläget. Både Malmö Kyrkogårdsförvaltningen och resultaten från enkäten visar att de arter och sorter av Ilex som testats inte är lämpliga ersättare, vilken även framgår av Moviums Faktablad #5, 2011. De andra ova

Meer inzicht in werkingsmechanismen van drie aminozuur-enzymen Het onderzoek van Gjalt Wybenga heeft tot doel het bepalen van de 3D structuren van drie enzymen (MesAT, VpAT and PAM) op atomaire resolutie met behulp van eiwit kristallografie. De enzymen katalyseren de overdracht van een aminogroep en kunnen zo β-aminozuren produceren. Dat zijn bouwstenen van stoffen met een potentieel nuttige medische activiteit, zoals voorbeeld taxol, dat wordt gebruikt in de bestrijding van kanker. Het bepalen van de 3D structuren van MesAT, een enzym dat β-aminozuren maar ook α-aminozuren accepteert, leidde tot het inzicht dat een β-aminozuur in een omgekeerde oriëntatie bindt in het katalytisch centrum van MesAT ten opzichte van een α-aminozuur. Dit wordt mogelijk gemaakt doordat de carboxylaat- en zijketen-bindingsholtes tweevoudige functionaliteit hebben. Het bepalen van de 3D structuur van VpAT stelde de onderzoekers in staat om een aminozuur sequentie motief te formuleren waarmee nieuwe aromatische β-aminotransferases kunnen worden geïdentificeerd uit een collectie van aminotransferase aminozuursequenties. Dit kan behulpzaam zijn bij het identificeren van nieuwe aromatische β-aminotransferases met nieuwe eigenschappen. Het oplossen van 3D structuren van PAM (geïsoleerd uit Taxus chinensis), een enzym dat een reversibele isomerisatie reactie katalyseert, heeft geleid tot meer inzicht in de stereochemie van de PAM gekatalyseerde reactie.

Persistence of relict tree species in Mediterranean environments is becoming increasingly unlikely in view of ongoing and future global change. The variability in the Holocene climate and more recent anthropogenic impacts have driven many populations to fragmentation and isolation, and even to extinction. However, some have persisted to the present day. The understanding of their evolution requires long-term studies, in which pollen analysis is a key approach both for formulating hypotheses and supporting results from other disciplines. Mountain ranges have played and still play an essential role as both glacial and interglacial refugia during the Quaternary. The Spanish Central System harbors an exceptional diversity due to its geographical location and complex topography. Some cold-adapted species have survived here with significant proportions of their southernmost populations, often displaying striking adaptations to their changing environments. This work contains a comprehensive review of the palynological investigations conducted in the Spanish Central System, and reveals the distribution of genera such as Taxus, Betula, Fagus, Carpinus and Tilia throughout the Holocene. We also highlight the scarcity of well-dated and high-resolution works, which may contribute to a better understanding of their recent and future evolution.

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1485589%5DMICH-V-1485589, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1485589/MICH-V-1485589/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1481545%5DMICH-V-1481545, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1481545/MICH-V-1481545/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Late stent thrombosis has emerged as an infrequent but serious complication of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Premature cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy is the most common risk factor for its occurrence. In the era of multivessel stenting with DES, there is a potential for multivessel late stent thrombosis following cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy. We present a rare case of a patient who sustained simultaneous late stent thromboses in DESs implanted in two coronary arteries as a result of premature cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy. Crown Copyright © 2009.

Late stent thrombosis has emerged as an infrequent but serious complication of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Premature cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy is the most common risk factor for its occurrence. In the era of multivessel stenting with DES, there is a potential for multivessel late stent thrombosis following cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy. We present a rare case of a patient who sustained simultaneous late stent thromboses in DESs implanted in two coronary arteries as a result of premature cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy. Crown Copyright © 2009.

De taxuskever blijft een groot knelpunt voor boomkwekers omdat er vrijwel geen middelen meer beschikbaar zijn. Het onderzoek naar traditionele insecticiden levert vooralsnog weinig nieuwe middelen op. Een oud middel van natuurlijke herkomst in een nieuw jasje gestoken, een lokstof en een nieuwe val gaan hier hopelijk verandering in brengen

De gevreesde taxuskever is schadelijk in de tuinbouw, maar voornamelijk op boomkwekerijen. Een onderzoek in het Duitse Ellerhoop laat echter zien dat niet alleen de larven van deze vervelende kever, maar ook de taxuskever zelf bestreden kan worden met nematoden.

De oudste boom in Europa, een taxus, staat waarschijnlijk in Fortingall, Perth and Kinross, Schotland. Hoewel de stam in twee afzonderlijke stukken uit mekaar gevallen is, een fenomeen dat wel meer voorkomt bij taxus, zijn de twee delen onmiskenbaar onderdeel van een gigantische stam van 1722 centimeter omtrek. Het is dan ook vreemd om vast te stellen dat boomverzorgers taxus nauwelijks als een volwaardige boom aanzien. Misschien ligt de oorzaak in het feit dat taxus eerder klein blijft. Of misschien komt het gewoon omdat we in België en Nederland geen echte grote taxus hebben.

Background: Despite the excellent efficacy of drug eluting stents (DES) in reducing restenosis, safety of those devices has been under scrutiny in the past few years. Moreover, the long term clinical outcome of newly developed DESs is largely unknown. Our aim was to investigate three years safety of a new DES coated only abluminally with a matrix of biodegradable polymer and rapamycin derivative, Biolimus A9. Method(s): We conducted a randomized (2:1), controlled trial comparing the Biolimus A9 eluting stent, Nobori, and the paclitaxel eluting stent, Taxus, in 120 patients (85 and 35 respectively) at 28 centres in Europe, Asia and Australia. Patients with documented ischemia due to coronary artery disease in up to two native coronary arteries were considered for enrolment. The primary endpoint was angiographic in-stent late loss at 9 months, while secondary clinical endpoints included stent thrombosis and composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) comprising death, myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization at 9 months, one year, and yearly up to 5 years. Result(s): At nine months the in-stent late loss was significantly lower in the Nobori group as compared to the Taxus group (0.15+/-0.27 mm versus 0.32+/-0.33 mm) confirming the primary hypothesis of non-inferiority of Nobori stent versus Taxus stent. Major cardiac adverse events at 3 years were 11.8% in Nobori versus 17.1% in Taxus treated patients. The rate of death and MI was 9.4% and 14.3% in Nobori and Taxus arms respectively. Although this study was not powered for clinical endpoint, the particularly important finding is absence of stent thrombosis in Nobori arm, whereas there were 2 (5.7%) very late stent thromboses in Taxus arm. One of the patients with stent thrombosis was still on dual antiplatelet therapy on the time of event, and both events resulted in non-fatal myocardial infarction. At three years, 75% of the patients were no longer on dual antiplatelet therapy. Conclusion(s): Th

Oorspronkelijk komt ze uit Zwitserland en al jaren vormt ze een probleem in de boomkwekerij : de taxuskever. Momenteel is er één gewasbeschermingsmiddel waarmee boomkwekers de kever te lijf kunnen gaan. Een wankele basis. Daarom gaan PPO Boomkwekerij, DLV Plant en PRI door met hun onderzoek naar de beheersing van dit plaaginsect.

Oorspronkelijk komt ze uit Zwitserland en al jaren vormt ze een probleem in de boomkwekerij : de taxuskever. Momenteel is er één gewasbeschermingsmiddel waarmee boomkwekers de kever te lijf kunnen gaan. Een wankele basis. Daarom gaan PPO Boomkwekerij, DLV Plant en PRI door met hun onderzoek naar de beheersing van dit plaaginsect.

Taxuskever (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) staat al jaren op nummer 1 als plaag in de boomkwekerij. De bestrijding zien we echter, door verschillende oorzaken, steeds moeilijker worden. Ook komen steeds meer verwante (vaak uitheemse) soorten snuitkevers voor, met een vergelijkbaar schadebeeld. Tijd voor een update van de informatie die over taxuskever, andere snuitkevers en hun bestrijding beschikbaar is.

Onderzoek naar de beheersing van de taxuskever in openbaar groen en boomkwekerijen. Er is een Lopend onderzoek naar middelen tegen volwassen kevers sinds en naar het ontwikkelen van lokstof voor volwassen kevers. De taxuskever is al sinds 1848 in Nederland, tot 1932 waren er 12 soorten Otiorhynchus in Nederland en sinds 1998 zij er zeker 6 nieuwe soorten bijgekomen.

De Taxuskever is een moeilijk te bestrijden plaag in de boomkwekerij. Het aantal chemische middelen om deze kever aan te pakken wordt steeds kleiner. Op veel plaatsen worden aaltjes ingezet om de larve van de taxuskever aan te pakken, met wisselend succes. In 2010 en 2011 is een nieuwe mechanische mogelijkheid getest om deze kever aan te pakken, namelijk de Beetle Eater.

This publication covers the physical and main features, plant needs, functions, care, and additional information for Yews, Taxus.

The Strait of Gibraltar (SG) is reputed for being both a bridge and a geographic barrier to biological exchanges between Europe and Africa. Major genetic breaks associated with this strait have been identified in various taxa, but it is unknown whether these disjunctions have been produced simultaneously or by independent biogeographic processes. Here, the genetic structure of five conifers distributed on both sides of the SG was investigated using mitochondrial (nad1 b/c, nad5-1, nad5-4 and nad7-1) and chloroplast (Pt1254, Pt15169, Pt30204, Pt36480, Pt71936 and Pt87268) DNA markers. The distribution of genetic variation was partially congruent between types of markers within the same species. Across taxa, there was a significant overlapping between the SG and the genetic breaks detected, especially for the four Tertiary species surveyed (Abies pinsapo complex, Pinus nigra, Pinus pinaster and Taxus baccata). For most of these taxa, the divergence of populations across the SG could date back to long before the Pleistocene glaciations. However, their strongly different cpDNA GST and RST values point out that they have had dissimilar population histories, which might include contrasting amounts of pollen-driven gene flow since their initial establishment in the region. The fifth species, Pinus halepensis, was genetically depauperated and homogenous on both sides of the SG. A further analysis of nuclear DNA sequences with coalescent-based isolation with migration models suggests a Pleistocene divergence of P. halepensis populations across the SG, which is in sharp contrast with the pre-Pleistocene divergence dates obtained for P. pinaster. Altogether, these results indicate that the genetic breaks observed across this putative biogeographical barrier have been produced by independent evolutionary processes related to the biological history of each individual species instead of a common vicariant phenomenon. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Het onderzoek dat op deze poster staat beschreven heeft als doel het vinden van geschikte gewasbeschermingsmiddelen tegen de volwassen taxuskever. Om de schade door de larven te beheersen, is het belangrijk om niet alleen de larven te bestrijden, maar ook de volwassen kevers die anders weer eieren in de bodem leggen, waar weer nieuwe larven uitkomen, enz. Veelbelovende middelen in 2010 woeden in 2011 in praktijkproeven verder getest.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the cost-effectiveness of Taxus compared to a bare-metal stent in patients with coronary artery disease in the Swedish healthcare setting. DESIGN: A decision-analytic model combining clinical data on revascularization rates with Swedish unit costs for medical resources and utility data from the literature. RESULTS: For patients of moderate risk, the average cost per patient at 12 months is 72,200 SEK for Taxus and 66,900 SEK for a bare-metal stent, while the average cost for high risk patients is nearly equivalent (73,000 vs. 71,700 SEK). The cost per revascularization avoided is generally favourable, while the incremental cost per QALY gained varies depending on the assumptions made; from 2,351,000 SEK for patients of moderate risk at 12-months to cost saving at 24 months for high risk patients. Budget impact scenarios at 12 months are cost-neutral. CONCLUSION: The Taxus stent is cost-effective in high risk patients, particularly at 24 months. Although it may be less cost-effective for the general population, there is still a substantial offset of initial procedure costs through lower rate of repeat revascularizations.

Yew, Taxus baccata L. is a declining species that occupies a limited range throughout the Mediterranean basin. The community structure and spatial distribution of yew trees were investigated in Greece by means of a questionnaire survey administered to Forest District Offices nationwide. The results of the survey show that the species population is confined mainly to mountainous areas extending from south Peloponnese to Evros prefecture. Findings suggest yew as a rare and potentially endangered species that occurs at different degrees of population fragmentation ranging from individual trees to more rarely clumps of trees. Yew distribution is formed by isolated populations, mostly in mountain ravines at an altitudinal range between 500 and 1 500 metres; it increasingly becomes an isolated storey tree within fir pure forests (Abies cephalonica) and various kinds of mixed woodlands of beech and oak, as well as mixed forests of fir and beech. Populations are small, most in shrubby groups of 5 to 50 individuals with height ranging between 3 and 6 metres and low proportion of saplings and seedlings. The rarity of yew populations and biochemical interest implicate the adoption of appropriate management actions to facilitate broader expansion, aiming at restoring existing Taxus woodland areas and increasing the share of Taxus forests under statutory protection within the Natura 2000 network of protected areas., L'if, Taxus baccata L., est une espèce en déclin qui occupe un espace limité dans le bassin méditerranéen. La structure des peuplements et la répartition spatiale des ifs ont été étudiées en Grèce au moyen d'une enquête sous forme de questionnaire adressé aux bureaux forestiers nationaux. Les résultats de l'enquête montrent que l'espèce est confinée principalement dans les zones montagneuses s'étendant du Péloponnèse sud à la préfecture d'Evros en Thrace. Les résultats suggèrent de considérer l'if comme une espèce rare et potentiellement en danger dont les populations se situent à différents degrés de fragmentation, allant de spécimens isolés à, plus rarement, des petits boisements. La répartition de l'if en Grèce est donc constituée de populations isolées, principalement dans les ravins de montagne, à une altitude comprise entre 500 et 1 500 m ; il se rencontre de plus en plus comme une espèce de sous-étage, isolée dans les forêts de sapin (Abies cephalonica) et dans différents types de forêts mélangées de hêtre et de chêne, ainsi que dans des forêts mélangées de sapin et de hêtre. Les populations sont petites, la plupart en groupes de 5 à 50 individus d'une hauteur de 3 à 6 m avec une faible proportion d'arbres et de jeunes plants. La grande rareté des populations d'if et l'intérêt biochimique impliquent l'adoption d'actions appropriées de gestion visant à faciliter une expansion de l'espèce, afin de reconstituer les zones sylvestres existantes à Taxus et d'augmenter la part de forêts de Taxus sous la protection statutaire du réseau Natura 2000.

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1356177%5DMICH-V-1356177, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1356177/MICH-V-1356177/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Middels een sortimentsproef bij PPO, Bomen en in de Nederlandse plantencollectie van Taxus in Zundert is een groot deel van het sortiment Taxus (Venijnboom) beoordeeld en goedgekeurd. Op basis van toepassing zijn 7 cultivargroepen gedefinieerd. Per groep is een aanbevolen sortiment samengesteld door de keuringscommissie van de KVBC. De Engelse vetaling van dit artikel, 'Taxus: cultivar trial and evaluation report' is in een aparte bijlage toegevoegd

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1487404%5DMICH-V-1487404, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1487404/MICH-V-1487404/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155082%5DMICH-V-1155082, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155082/MICH-V-1155082/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1221499%5DMICH-V-1221499, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1221499/MICH-V-1221499/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bedrijfsreportage van een bedrijf dat is gespecialiseerd in de teelt van Taxus

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219991%5DMICH-V-1219991, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219991/MICH-V-1219991/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219908%5DMICH-V-1219908, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219908/MICH-V-1219908/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219929%5DMICH-V-1219929, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219929/MICH-V-1219929/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219930%5DMICH-V-1219930, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219930/MICH-V-1219930/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155078%5DMICH-V-1155078, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155078/MICH-V-1155078/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155079%5DMICH-V-1155079, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155079/MICH-V-1155079/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Dans le but de mieux connaître les produits naturels de Taxus canadensis, nous avons étudié la composition chimique de cet arbuste du Saguenay~Lac-St-Jean, sous trois aspects: son huile essentielle, ses glycosides et ses taxanes (plus spécifiquement le taxol). L'extraction de l'huile essentielle des branches d'ifs par entraînement à la vapeur d'eau et son analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse capillaire et par spectrométrie de masse ont permis de séparer plusieurs produits volatils et d'en identifier 31, dont l'oct-l-én-3-ol qui est le produit majeur à 40%. La quantité d'huile extraite est faible, 0,03% de rendement variant légèrement selon la saison, et cette huile, contrairement aux autres conifères, contient peu de monoterpènes. L'extraction et l'hydrolyse enzymatique des glycosides des aiguilles d'ifs suivies d'analyses par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et spectrométrie de masse nous ont permis de séparer 34 aglycones dont 19 se retrouvent aussi dans l'huile essentielle. Les aglycones majeurs sont l'oct-l-én-3-ol à 40% et le 3,5-diméthoxyphénol à 26%. Le rendement en aglycones de 0,09% est trois fois plus élevé que celui en huile essentielle et l'enzyme cellulase permet d'hydrolyser un peu plus d'aglycones que la P-glucosidase. Nous avons extrait le taxol et d'autres taxanes à partir des aiguilles et des tiges d'ifs et nous avons dosé le contenu en taxol par chromatographie liquide à haute performance. Le contenu en taxol des aiguilles est de l'ordre de 0,01%, ce rendement est plus élevé que celui des tiges et il décroît du printemps à l'automne. L'isolation du taxol en quatre étapes, à partir des aiguilles, a permis de récupérer 0,003% de taxol. L'identification du taxol a été confirmée par diverses analyses dont la résonance magnétique nucléaire du proton. Nous avons aussi isolé un taxane inconnu pour lequel nous proposons une structure. Des essais sur la réactivité de la molécule du taxol ont confirmé les sites préférentiels d'acétylation soit 2' et

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1514819%5DMICH-V-1514819, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1514819/MICH-V-1514819/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155076%5DMICH-V-1155076, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155076/MICH-V-1155076/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155077%5DMICH-V-1155077, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155077/MICH-V-1155077/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1155086%5DMICH-V-1155086, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1155086/MICH-V-1155086/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219994%5DMICH-V-1219994, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219994/MICH-V-1219994/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Gymnosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1219993%5DMICH-V-1219993, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1219993/MICH-V-1219993/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy