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Fear in religion deals with the common fear of those people who convert their creeds from one religion to another. It is too complicated to adjust in the same society and with the same colleagues where they used to live before. It has been discussed religion with war, politics and humanism respectively. It has displayed how to apply fear positively in all of the aforementioned ideas of religion with other ideology for the solution of all kinds of the misfortune and problems. Positive fear is meaningful and negative fear is harmful in life. All these concepts are linked with the fear of religion. It draws even the concept of remaining in the same religion rather than changing it as we change the dress. Religion is a social identity and it naturally becomes complicated and enters the fear in the psychological zone in the society when we convert ourselves from one religion to another., O medo na religião lida com o medo comum das pessoas que convertem seus credos de uma religião para outra. É muito complicado se ajustar na mesma sociedade e com os mesmos colegas onde eles moravam antes. Foi discutido religião com guerra, política e humanismo, respectivamente. Ele demonstrou aplicar positivamente o medo em todas as idéias de religião acima mencionadas com outra ideologia para a solução de todos os tipos de infortúnios e problemas. O medo positivo é significativo e o medo negativo é prejudicial na vida. Todos esses conceitos estão ligados ao medo da religião. Ele desenha até o conceito de permanecer na mesma religião, em vez de mudá-la à medida que mudamos o vestido. A religião é uma identidade social e naturalmente se torna complicada e entra no medo na zona psicológica da sociedade quando nos convertemos de uma religião para outra., El miedo en la religión se funde con el previsible miedo que sienten aquellas personas que convierten sus credos de una religión a otra. Es demasiado complicado encajar en la misma sociedad, con los mismos colegas donde antes vivíamos. La religión ha sido discutida junto con la guerra, la política, y el humanismo respectivamente, ha mostrado cómo aplicar el miedo de manera positiva en las ideas de las religiones anteriormente mencionadas junto con otras ideologías para poder resolver todo tipo de infortunios y problemas. El miedo positivo tiene un sentido y el negativo es dañino para la vida. Todos estos conceptos están ligados al miedo en la religión. Nos enseña incluso el concepto de permanecer en la misma religión en lugar de cambiarla como hacemos con la vestimenta. La religión es una identidad social y naturalmente se torna en una complicación y deja lugar al temor en el área de la psicología de la sociedad cuando nos convertimos de una religión a otra.

Poison frogs acquire chemical defenses from the environment for protection against potential predators. These defensive chemicals are lipophilic alkaloids that are sequestered by poison frogs from dietary arthropods and stored in skin glands. Despite decades of research focusing on identifying poison frog alkaloids, we know relatively little about how environmental variation and subsequent arthropod availability impacts alkaloid loads in poison frogs. We investigated how seasonal environmental variation influences poison frog chemical profiles through changes in the diet of the Climbing Mantella (Mantella laevigata). We collected M. laevigata females on the Nosy Mangabe island reserve in Madagascar during the wet and dry seasons and tested the hypothesis that seasonal differences in rainfall is associated with changes in diet composition and skin alkaloid profiles of M. laevigata. The arthropod diet of each frog was characterized into five groups (i.e. ants, termites, mites, insect larvae, or other) using visual identification and cytochrome oxidase 1 DNA barcoding. We found that frog diet differed between the wet and dry seasons, where frogs had a more diverse diet in the wet season and consumed a higher percentage of ants in the dry season. To determine if seasonality was associated with variation in frog defensive chemical composition, we used gas chromatography / mass spectrometry to quantify alkaloids from individual skin samples. Although the assortment of identified alkaloids was similar across seasons, we detected significant differences in the abundance of certain alkaloids, which we hypothesize reflects seasonal variation in the diet of M. laevigata. We suggest that these variations could originate from seasonal changes in either arthropod leaf litter composition or changes in frog behavioral patterns. Although additional studies are needed to understand the consequences of long-term environmental shifts, this work suggests that alkaloid profiles are relat

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical aspects of dermonecrotic loxoscelism (LDN) in horses department of Cordoba, Colombia. This study was descriptive, not probabilistic, in animals of convenience. Nine horses (Equus ferus caballus) and 2 donkeys (Equus asinus africanus) were used with LDN diagnosed clinically and histopathologically in different productions of the Department. When describing the skin lesions, these were characterized by the presence of severe necrotic dermatitis, with edema and a focal erythematous area, when detailing the injured area, a central necrotic spot and two halos around it (a medial white halo and a halo Violet) in most of the cases studied; As well as absence of neurological and systemic signs. The lesions were located in most cases at the dorsal level, followed by the rostral region, chest and penis. Histopathologically in the staining of Hematoxylin Eosin (H & E), severe piogranulomatous dermatitis was observed, with marked infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells especially neutrophils, with vacuolization of the basal layer of the epidermis and edema in the dermo-epidermal junction. The definitive diagnosis of LDN in the 11 animals studied was based on the clinical manifestations observed, the anatomopathological characteristics of the lesions and the histopathological results. The present report constitutes the first LDN report in the Department of Córdoba, since no reports were found in the consulted literature., Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os aspectos clínicos da loxoscelismo dermonecrótica (LDN) em equinos de Córdoba, Colômbia. Este estudo foi descritivo, não probabilístico, em animais de conveniência. Foram usados 9 cavalos (Equus ferus caballus) e 2 jumentos (Equus asinus africanus) com LDN clinicamente e histologicamente diagnosticado no Departamento diferentes produções. Ao descrever as lesões da pele, que foram caracterizados pela presença de dermatite necrotizante grave, edema e focal área eritematosa, detalhando a área lesionada, um ponto necrótico central e dois halos foram observados em torno de (halo branco medial e halo mais exterior) violáceo, na maioria dos casos estudados; e ausência de sinais neurológicos e sistémicas. As lesões foram localizados na maioria dos casos ao nível dorsal, seguida da rostral, peito e do pénis. Foi observada histologicamente em hematoxilina-eosina (H & E), dermatite piogranulomatosa grave, com infiltração acentuada de neutrófilos polimorfonucleares especialmente com vacuolização da camada basal da epiderme e edema na junção dermo-epidérmica. O diagnóstico definitivo da LDN nos 11 animais estudados foi baseado nas manifestações clínicas observadas, características histopatológicas de lesões e os resultados histopatológicos. O presente relatório constitui o primeiro relatório LDN no Departamento de Córdoba, uma vez que não foram encontrados relatórios na literatura consultada., Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características clínicas del loxoscelismo dermonecrótico (LDN) en equinos del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. El estudio, fue de tipo descriptivo, no probabilístico, las muestra fueron seleccionadas por conveniencia. Se utilizaron nueve caballos criollos (Equus ferus caballus) y dos burros (Equus asinus africanus) con LDN diagnosticados clínica e histopatológicamente en diferentes producciones del Departamento. Al describir las lesiones cutáneas, éstas se caracterizaron por la presencia de una severa dermatitis necrótica, con edema y un área eritematosa focal, al detallar el área lesionada, se observó un punto necrótico central y dos halos alrededor (un halo blanco medial y un halo violáceo más externo) en la mayoría de los casos estudiados; así como ausencia de signos neurológicos y sistémicos. Las lesiones se ubicaron en la mayoría de los casos a nivel dorsal, seguido de la región rostral, pecho y pene. Histopatológicamente en la coloración de Hematoxilina Eosina (H&E), se observó severa dermatitis piogranulomatosa, con marcada infiltración de polimorfonucleares especialmente neutrófilos, con vacuolización de la capa basal de la epidermis y edema en la unión dermo-epidérmica. El diagnóstico definitivo de LDN en los 11 animales estudiados, se fundamentó en las manifestaciones clínicas observadas, las características anatomopatológicas de las lesiones y los resultados histopatológicos. El presente informe constituye el primer reporte de LDN en el Departamento de Córdoba, ya que no se encontraron reportes en la literatura consultada.

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical aspects of dermonecrotic loxoscelism (LDN) in horses department of Cordoba, Colombia. This study was descriptive, not probabilistic, in animals of convenience. Nine horses (Equus ferus caballus) and 2 donkeys (Equus asinus africanus) were used with LDN diagnosed clinically and histopathologically in different productions of the Department. When describing the skin lesions, these were characterized by the presence of severe necrotic dermatitis, with edema and a focal erythematous area, when detailing the injured area, a central necrotic spot and two halos around it (a medial white halo and a halo Violet) in most of the cases studied; As well as absence of neurological and systemic signs. The lesions were located in most cases at the dorsal level, followed by the rostral region, chest and penis. Histopathologically in the staining of Hematoxylin Eosin (H & E), severe piogranulomatous dermatitis was observed, with marked infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells especially neutrophils, with vacuolization of the basal layer of the epidermis and edema in the dermo-epidermal junction. The definitive diagnosis of LDN in the 11 animals studied was based on the clinical manifestations observed, the anatomopathological characteristics of the lesions and the histopathological results. The present report constitutes the first LDN report in the Department of Córdoba, since no reports were found in the consulted literature., Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os aspectos clínicos da loxoscelismo dermonecrótica (LDN) em equinos de Córdoba, Colômbia. Este estudo foi descritivo, não probabilístico, em animais de conveniência. Foram usados 9 cavalos (Equus ferus caballus) e 2 jumentos (Equus asinus africanus) com LDN clinicamente e histologicamente diagnosticado no Departamento diferentes produções. Ao descrever as lesões da pele, que foram caracterizados pela presença de dermatite necrotizante grave, edema e focal área eritematosa, detalhando a área lesionada, um ponto necrótico central e dois halos foram observados em torno de (halo branco medial e halo mais exterior) violáceo, na maioria dos casos estudados; e ausência de sinais neurológicos e sistémicas. As lesões foram localizados na maioria dos casos ao nível dorsal, seguida da rostral, peito e do pénis. Foi observada histologicamente em hematoxilina-eosina (H & E), dermatite piogranulomatosa grave, com infiltração acentuada de neutrófilos polimorfonucleares especialmente com vacuolização da camada basal da epiderme e edema na junção dermo-epidérmica. O diagnóstico definitivo da LDN nos 11 animais estudados foi baseado nas manifestações clínicas observadas, características histopatológicas de lesões e os resultados histopatológicos. O presente relatório constitui o primeiro relatório LDN no Departamento de Córdoba, uma vez que não foram encontrados relatórios na literatura consultada., Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características clínicas del loxoscelismo dermonecrótico (LDN) en equinos del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. El estudio, fue de tipo descriptivo, no probabilístico, las muestra fueron seleccionadas por conveniencia. Se utilizaron nueve caballos criollos (Equus ferus caballus) y dos burros (Equus asinus africanus) con LDN diagnosticados clínica e histopatológicamente en diferentes producciones del Departamento. Al describir las lesiones cutáneas, éstas se caracterizaron por la presencia de una severa dermatitis necrótica, con edema y un área eritematosa focal, al detallar el área lesionada, se observó un punto necrótico central y dos halos alrededor (un halo blanco medial y un halo violáceo más externo) en la mayoría de los casos estudiados; así como ausencia de signos neurológicos y sistémicos. Las lesiones se ubicaron en la mayoría de los casos a nivel dorsal, seguido de la región rostral, pecho y pene. Histopatológicamente en la coloración de Hematoxilina Eosina (H&E), se observó severa dermatitis piogranulomatosa, con marcada infiltración de polimorfonucleares especialmente neutrófilos, con vacuolización de la capa basal de la epidermis y edema en la unión dermo-epidérmica. El diagnóstico definitivo de LDN en los 11 animales estudiados, se fundamentó en las manifestaciones clínicas observadas, las características anatomopatológicas de las lesiones y los resultados histopatológicos. El presente informe constituye el primer reporte de LDN en el Departamento de Córdoba, ya que no se encontraron reportes en la literatura consultada.

The toxin found in the fish is known as Saxitioxin. The compound is a neurotoxin, causing numbness and tingling in the lips when ingested, and may lead to paralysis and death if untreated. This toxin is produced by the bacteria Gonyaulax Monilata, found in Dinoflagellate algae. In the United States, there have been a number of poisonings in Florida in people who ingested puffer fish from local waters.

Since the early middle ages, arsenic was thought of as a cure-all medicine, but it is now well-known to be a poison, carcinogen, and mutagen and before organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides were developed for industrialized agriculture, arsenic-based pesticides were commonly used. Arsenic was discovered in 1250 CE by Albertus Magnus. Rhombohedra crystal formations of arsenic are rarely found in nature; it is usually a massive formation on cavern ceilings. Arsenic is a common byproduct produced as a trioxide when smelting ores of true metals. It is used in bronzing, pyrotechnics, and for hardening shot, bullets used in black powder rifles. Certain types of glass require arsenic to be manufactured, and in recent years its use in solid state electronics has increased.

Triphosgene was first prepared by Councler in 1880 by the chlorination of dimethyl carbonate. Today, triphosgene is used as a substitute for phosgene in medicine, pesticides, dyes, paints, and in the synthesis of macromolecules. Triphosgene, a solid, is easier and safer to handle than phosgene gas and can be measured more accurately. However, upon heating, triphosgene can decompose to phosgene, which is a highly toxic gas used in World War I as a chemical weapon as it causes damage to the lungs and central nervous system.

This NebGuide provides step-by-step instructions for fumigating stored grain on the farm with aluminum phosphide. Fumigants act on all insect life stages. They control pests by diffusing through the air spaces between grain kernels as well as into the kernel itself. Fumigants are able to penetrate into places that are inaccessible to insecticide sprays or dusts. Regardless of formulation, all fumigants are poisonous and toxic to humans and other warm-blooded animals as well as to insects and other pests. Because fumigant chemicals are highly toxic and hazardous to use, they are Restricted Use pesticides. They can only be used by certified applicators. This NebGuide is designed to help farmers who have a private pesticide applicator license and want to do the fumigation themselves.