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This research examines the factors that influence the behavior of young Vietnamese participants in the nighttime economy (NTE). The established factors were based on the results of a questionnaire distributed among 405 young individuals living, learning, and working in Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City. The data obtained confirm the predictive power of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model to describe the NTE participants’ behavior. The study showed that perceived benefits have a direct influence on NTE participation behavior and an indirect influence through attitudes and the intention to participate; risk perception has only a direct effect on NTE participation behavior. One of the most significant factors in shaping behavioral intentions is financial readiness for consumption, which emphasizes the pragmatism and rationalism of NTE participants in spending their own money. In addition to being pragmatic and rational, the NTE participants’ behavior is influenced by cultural opportunities and the development of nightlife facilities.

This research examines the factors that influence the behavior of young Vietnamese participants in the nighttime economy (NTE). The established factors were based on the results of a questionnaire distributed among 405 young individuals living, learning, and working in Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City. The data obtained confirm the predictive power of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model to describe the NTE participants’ behavior. The study showed that perceived benefits have a direct influence on NTE participation behavior and an indirect influence through attitudes and the intention to participate; risk perception has only a direct effect on NTE participation behavior. One of the most significant factors in shaping behavioral intentions is financial readiness for consumption, which emphasizes the pragmatism and rationalism of NTE participants in spending their own money. In addition to being pragmatic and rational, the NTE participants’ behavior is influenced by cultural opportunities and the development of nightlife facilities.

This study examines the differing structures of night-time governance organisations observed in Western cities. The study notes that previous research lacks clarification as to the structural differences of night-time governance organisations and further lacks the inclusion of how stakeholders are addressed. Therefore, this study aims to clarify and identify how these different structures address the stakeholders in the night-time economy. The relevance of this paper stems from the growing recognition of the night-time economy and the modern means of governing the night. This is done through conducting 12 anonymous, semi-structured interviews with prominent figures of Western situated night-time governance organisations both inside and outside the government. The empirical material is then interpreted through the lens of stakeholder theory and the conceptualisations of power. Thus this study presents the following findings: The night-time governance organisation categories pertaining to whether the organisation was government-affiliated or non-government affiliated showed the greatest differences. However, there are additional differences observed within these categories. Government-affiliated night-time governance organisations varied with bureaucratic positioning and the stakeholders they identified. Furthermore, non-government affiliated night-time governance organisations differ through organisational classification as industry-specific, non-industry-specific, civil organisations and government-owned entities. They further differentiated in which stakeholders they identify and address. It was found that the night-time governance organisation addressed stakeholders through mediation and representation techniques. The findings of this study have implications for both city administrations looking to establish or support night-time governance organisations and for night-time industry stakeholders looking for favourable market conditions.

Full Text, Thesis (PhD Doctorate), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc, Arts, Education and Law, This thesis looks at three of Belgrade’s music scenes: indie pop, electronic dance and hip hop and their relationship with themes such as politics, trans-localism, the night-time economy, authenticity and gender, with special attention paid to Belgrade’s nightlife that has recently been proclaimed the best in the world by various media outlets (Vogue, BBC, The Guardian). The thesis illustrates how these themes like politics, trans-localism and the night-time economy shifted Serbia’s post-Socialist period and rejuvenated the music scenes in Belgrade The project aims to contextualise Belgrade’s music scenes in the transitional, post-conflict and neo-liberal period of Serbia’s social-political and cultural development in the 1990s and 2000s. The Belgrade music scene is used as a case study, as Belgrade is the city with the most developed music scenes in Serbia but can also be used as a benchmark for musical trends in the country and in the region. This is also due to the fact that most of musicians who want to make it in the industry eventually either end up living in Belgrade or have regular concerts in many of the popular Belgrade venues, thus becoming part of the Belgrade music scene. The research presented in this thesis was also inspired by the fact that in the past ten years Belgrade has been named as one the best places for nightlife in the world, with a Vogue article comparing it to Berlin (2017) and a Lonely Planet article proclaiming Belgrade to be the top party city in the world (2019). Moreover, a 2019 BBC article placed Belgrade among top five creative cities in the world (2019). Belgrade nightlife owes this media attention primarily to its vibrant music scenes. This connection between music and the city has been present in Belgrade since the first days of rock’n’roll in the 1950s and is something that today is attracting both the locals and the tourists in search of boosting their subcultural capital (Thornton, 1995), a term based on Pierre Bourdieu’s (19

With the development of the social economy, the traditional urban work and rest pattern of working during the day and resting at night has gradually changed. The night-time economy has become a new engine for urban regeneration, economic growth and cultural creation.The growth of tourism in Amsterdam has also benefited from its inclusive and prosperous night-time economy. However, the agglomeration of the nightlife industry in Amsterdam's city center results in a rise in noise, crime, and antisocial behavior, which triggers a backlash from residents. As a current countermeasure adopted by the municipality, state-led gentrification has mitigated the night-time economy's negative externalities to an extent, but caused massive closures of nightlife venues. This research aims to solve the dilemma of Amsterdam's night-time economy through planning instruments that optimize the urban polycentricity. The research explores integrated strategies and multi-scale spatial interventions to stimulate the development of peripheral night-time industry clusters while minimizing the nuisance, in order to improve the livability of the city center and contribute to a diverse and balanced night-time economy in Amsterdam., Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

The consumer behaviour is adapting within industries due to new technologies such as smart phones. As consumer behaviour changes so do companies by adapting their way of engaging and interacting with their customers. This provides potential to innovate new service offerings. Successfully launching new services which provide value for the customer is faced with risk of failure. To mitigate risks associated with failure, a clear understanding of the customer can aid with understanding what value a service offering should provide to be successfully adopted by the market. Due to customer experience being unique for each individual, personalization is a technique which could be used within software to improve the customer experience. Challenges could arise in terms of scarcity of data which can impact the performance negatively of a data driven algorithm. However, veracity is another aspect of data known to be associated with the potential to improve performance. Based on these two issues, this study conducted a sequential mixed methods study consisting of an etnographic study on Instagram to better understand the customer experience within nightlife. Furthermore, the netnographic study enabled the construction of a gold standard, which were used while conducting a GSDMM topic modelling experiment with the purpose to evaluate what topics required further pre-processing due to high ambiguity of the text content. Findings from the netnographic study and its implication for customer experience was discussed from the point of view of a software service offering. This study suggests software offerings within nightlife to improve customer experience during the pre-purchasing phase by considering aspects related to age, interests in atmosphere, type of activity, preferred music genres, spending time with friends or facilitating escapism. The discussed service has negligible control during the post-purchasing stage suggesting that the firm could innovate controlled touchpoints, Konsumentbeteende förändras inom industrier mot bakgrund av att nya teknologier introduceras, till exempel smarttelefoner. Då konsumentbeteendet förändras, gör även företagen förändringar i hur de involverar och interagerar med kunder. Dessa förändringar ger möjligheter för att utveckla eller ta fram nya tjänster. Samtidigt finns utmaningar vid lansering av nya tjänster. För att minska riskerna vid lansering av nya tjänster kan en god förståelse av konsumenten tydliggöra vilket värde en tjänst bör erbjuda för att bemötas positivt av marknaden. Då kundupplevelse är unikt för varje person, kan individualiseringstekniker inom mjukvara tillämpas för att förbättra kundupplevelsen. Det kan däremot uppstå problem när det är bristfälligt med data som algoritmen kan använda sig av. Kvalité och valt fokus på data kan dock förbättra algoritmens prestationer. Mot bakgrund av de två redogjorda problemen, genomfördes en sekventiellt blandad metodstudie bestående av en nätnografisk studie på Instragram för att utöka förståelsen av kundupplevelsen inom nattlivet. Resultatet från nätnografistudien har därefter använts för att konstruera en guldstandard vilket tillämpades på en ämnesklassificerare vid namn GSDMM. Syftet med ämnesklassifikationsexperimenten var att förstå vilka ämnen som skrivs med en hög grad av tvetydighet och därför komma att kräva en mer gedigen förbehandling av den textbaserade informationen. För att tillägga, har insikter från nätnografistudien diskuterats och dess betydelse för kundupplevelsen utifrån en mjukvarutjänsts perspektiv. Studien tyder på att mjukvarutjänster inom nattlivet kan förbättra kundupplevelsen i förköpsstadiet genom att beakta aspekter relaterat till ålder, föredragen stämning, typ av aktivitet, föredragna musikgenrer, att vara med vänner eller framhävning av eskapism. Den diskuterade tjänsten har försumbar kontroll av kundupplevelsen i efterköpsstadiet, därför föreslås införandet av kontrollerbara interaktioner med tjänsten. Sådana upplevel

The consumer behaviour is adapting within industries due to new technologies such as smart phones. As consumer behaviour changes so do companies by adapting their way of engaging and interacting with their customers. This provides potential to innovate new service offerings. Successfully launching new services which provide value for the customer is faced with risk of failure. To mitigate risks associated with failure, a clear understanding of the customer can aid with understanding what value a service offering should provide to be successfully adopted by the market. Due to customer experience being unique for each individual, personalization is a technique which could be used within software to improve the customer experience. Challenges could arise in terms of scarcity of data which can impact the performance negatively of a data driven algorithm. However, veracity is another aspect of data known to be associated with the potential to improve performance. Based on these two issues, this study conducted a sequential mixed methods study consisting of an etnographic study on Instagram to better understand the customer experience within nightlife. Furthermore, the netnographic study enabled the construction of a gold standard, which were used while conducting a GSDMM topic modelling experiment with the purpose to evaluate what topics required further pre-processing due to high ambiguity of the text content. Findings from the netnographic study and its implication for customer experience was discussed from the point of view of a software service offering. This study suggests software offerings within nightlife to improve customer experience during the pre-purchasing phase by considering aspects related to age, interests in atmosphere, type of activity, preferred music genres, spending time with friends or facilitating escapism. The discussed service has negligible control during the post-purchasing stage suggesting that the firm could innovate controlled touchpoints, Konsumentbeteende förändras inom industrier mot bakgrund av att nya teknologier introduceras, till exempel smarttelefoner. Då konsumentbeteendet förändras, gör även företagen förändringar i hur de involverar och interagerar med kunder. Dessa förändringar ger möjligheter för att utveckla eller ta fram nya tjänster. Samtidigt finns utmaningar vid lansering av nya tjänster. För att minska riskerna vid lansering av nya tjänster kan en god förståelse av konsumenten tydliggöra vilket värde en tjänst bör erbjuda för att bemötas positivt av marknaden. Då kundupplevelse är unikt för varje person, kan individualiseringstekniker inom mjukvara tillämpas för att förbättra kundupplevelsen. Det kan däremot uppstå problem när det är bristfälligt med data som algoritmen kan använda sig av. Kvalité och valt fokus på data kan dock förbättra algoritmens prestationer. Mot bakgrund av de två redogjorda problemen, genomfördes en sekventiellt blandad metodstudie bestående av en nätnografisk studie på Instragram för att utöka förståelsen av kundupplevelsen inom nattlivet. Resultatet från nätnografistudien har därefter använts för att konstruera en guldstandard vilket tillämpades på en ämnesklassificerare vid namn GSDMM. Syftet med ämnesklassifikationsexperimenten var att förstå vilka ämnen som skrivs med en hög grad av tvetydighet och därför komma att kräva en mer gedigen förbehandling av den textbaserade informationen. För att tillägga, har insikter från nätnografistudien diskuterats och dess betydelse för kundupplevelsen utifrån en mjukvarutjänsts perspektiv. Studien tyder på att mjukvarutjänster inom nattlivet kan förbättra kundupplevelsen i förköpsstadiet genom att beakta aspekter relaterat till ålder, föredragen stämning, typ av aktivitet, föredragna musikgenrer, att vara med vänner eller framhävning av eskapism. Den diskuterade tjänsten har försumbar kontroll av kundupplevelsen i efterköpsstadiet, därför föreslås införandet av kontrollerbara interaktioner med tjänsten. Sådana upplevel

This thesis looks at three of Belgrade’s music scenes: indie pop, electronic dance and hip hop and their relationship with themes such as politics, trans-localism, the night-time economy, authenticity and gender, with special attention paid to Belgrade’s nightlife that has recently been proclaimed the best in the world by various media outlets (Vogue, BBC, The Guardian). The thesis illustrates how these themes like politics, trans-localism and the night-time economy shifted Serbia’s post-Socialist period and rejuvenated the music scenes in Belgrade The project aims to contextualise Belgrade’s music scenes in the transitional, post-conflict and neo-liberal period of Serbia’s social-political and cultural development in the 1990s and 2000s. The Belgrade music scene is used as a case study, as Belgrade is the city with the most developed music scenes in Serbia but can also be used as a benchmark for musical trends in the country and in the region. This is also due to the fact that most of musicians who want to make it in the industry eventually either end up living in Belgrade or have regular concerts in many of the popular Belgrade venues, thus becoming part of the Belgrade music scene. The research presented in this thesis was also inspired by the fact that in the past ten years Belgrade has been named as one the best places for nightlife in the world, with a Vogue article comparing it to Berlin (2017) and a Lonely Planet article proclaiming Belgrade to be the top party city in the world (2019). Moreover, a 2019 BBC article placed Belgrade among top five creative cities in the world (2019). Belgrade nightlife owes this media attention primarily to its vibrant music scenes. This connection between music and the city has been present in Belgrade since the first days of rock’n’roll in the 1950s and is something that today is attracting both the locals and the tourists in search of boosting their subcultural capital (Thornton, 1995), a term based on Pierre Bourdieu’s (19, Thesis (PhD Doctorate), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc, Arts, Education and Law, Full Text

With the development of the social economy, the traditional urban work and rest pattern of working during the day and resting at night has gradually changed. The night-time economy has become a new engine for urban regeneration, economic growth and cultural creation.The growth of tourism in Amsterdam has also benefited from its inclusive and prosperous night-time economy. However, the agglomeration of the nightlife industry in Amsterdam's city center results in a rise in noise, crime, and antisocial behavior, which triggers a backlash from residents. As a current countermeasure adopted by the municipality, state-led gentrification has mitigated the night-time economy's negative externalities to an extent, but caused massive closures of nightlife venues. This research aims to solve the dilemma of Amsterdam's night-time economy through planning instruments that optimize the urban polycentricity. The research explores integrated strategies and multi-scale spatial interventions to stimulate the development of peripheral night-time industry clusters while minimizing the nuisance, in order to improve the livability of the city center and contribute to a diverse and balanced night-time economy in Amsterdam., Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

‘Alcohol-related violence’, especially among young people participating in the night-time economy(NTE), has been the subject of intense public and policy debate in Australia. Previous sociologicalwork has highlighted the relationship between men, masculinities and violence, but this relationshiphas received little attention in the research that tends to garner policy attention. In this article,we focus on the treatment of gender in Australian quantitative research on alcohol and violencein the NTE. We identify four ‘gendering practices’ through which such research genders alcoholand violence: de-gendering alcohol and violence through obscuring gender differences; displacingmen and masculinities via a focus on environmental, geographical and temporal factors; renderinggender invisible via methodological considerations; and addressing gender in limited ways. We arguethat these research practices and the policy recommendations that flow from them reproducenormative understandings of alcohol effects and lend support to gendered forms of power., Analysing gender in research and policy on alcohol-related violence

Executive SummaryThe Take Kare Safe Space (TKSS) program is one of the functions of Stay Kind (formally, the Thomas Kelly Youth Foundation) established in response to concerns about the safety of young people at night. The program commenced operations at Town Hall in December 2014, Kings Cross in July 2015, and Darling Harbour in February 2017. It operates year-round from 10pm to 4am on Friday and Saturday nights. Recent funding cuts have forced the closure of the Darling Harbour Site and restricted operation of the Kings Cross Safe Space to Saturday nights.The NSW Government’s Department of Justice provided funding to conduct an evaluation of the TKSS program. The evaluation was informed by the NSW Government’s Program Evaluation Guidelines and included process, outcome and economic indicators. The evaluation relied on internal program-level data, routinely collected data; and, interview and survey data.Until recently, internal program level data was collected by TKSS ambassadors using pen and paper. Recent changes have seen the development of an app (through in-kind support from the University of Technology, Sydney), that will streamline the collection of data, improve the time lag for the reporting process as well as support a richer source of data collection. This analysis, however, relies on historical data collected using pen and paper. Over the period of interest, December 2014 – April 2019 (inclusive), records indicate that 66,455 people had been supported by the TKSS program with 62% of users being males and 66% aged between 18-25 years. Most users were perceived by the TKSS ambassadors to have a high level of intoxication (46%) with 8% perceived to be under the influence of drugs. Most users (66%) spent time at the safe space and 19% were supported in other ways (defined as incidents). The type of incidents recorded by ambassadors include minimising the risk of physical assault, sexual assault, theft or injury. Over the period of interest, ambassadors inte

Patriarchal norms and misogynistic attitudes often result in women’s exclusion from positions of power in institutional structures through the use of sexual harassment, discriminatory recruitment methods and exclusion from social circles. Traditionally, previous research on bouncers has focused on the occupation’s close affinities with violence and the domination of men, ignoring the benefits and experiences of women in door-work. This research addresses an important literature gap within the context of New Zealand, by exploring how women working as bouncers in New Zealand’s Night Time Economy (NTE) experience and navigate their occupations, based on stereotypical assumptions that women are unsuitable to bouncing. Applying a feminist lens, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with twelve women who had experience working as bouncers in New Zealand’s NTE. This study found that gendered violence, discrimination and misogyny were a routine and ‘expected’ part of being a female bouncer, and uncovered how the women in this study constructed malleable performances of gender to do their work. These experiences profoundly impacted their feelings of safety in the workplace, which may point to reasons why women still remain the minority within the bouncer occupation. Based on these findings, this research concludes that women in door-work are faced with a paradox where femininity is simultaneously resisted in a masculine occupation, but where they are expected to adhere to men’s expectations of appropriate gender norms within the workplace. This study therefore exposes the difficult and highly gendered terrain women in door-work are expected to navigate, and emphasises the need to address misogynistic attitudes and gendered violence within the workplace, the wider NTE and beyond.

The growing interest in urban night-time economies and night-time transport policies presents an important context in which to examine how mobility justice is conceived and operationalised in policy-making. Literature on transport exclusion and transport justice documents the disadvantages experienced by different social groups and advances theoretical frameworks for distributive justice and transport accessibility. However, this literature has rarely considered the politics of whether and how mobility difference is recognised and planned for in transport policy, including issues of deliberative justice (participation) and epistemic justice (knowledge production). To address these research gaps, this paper engages with Sheller's (2018) theorisation of mobility justice and critically analyses the construction of mobile subjects in policy discourse on night-time mobility. We analyse policy documents part of night-time policy for Greater London to examine the extent to which the differentiated night-time mobilities across social categories (gender, age, ethnicity, income, etc.) are recognised – in other words, how the ‘politics of difference’ play out in transport policy-making. Findings show that the discursive construction of mobile subjects in London's night-time policy distinguishes between workers, consumers, and transport users, yet, these broad categories poorly account for differentiated mobility needs and practices. Publicly available data on differentiated night-time mobilities in London does not inform current policy discourse, obscuring disadvantages experienced by different groups of people moving through the city at night, and thus limits the capacity of existing policy interventions to address mobility injustices. These findings reaffirm the need for transport research to move beyond distributive justice and accessibility analysis, towards exploring the potential of thinking about distributive and epistemic justice for challenging the status quo of trans, QC 20230825

Patriarchal norms and misogynistic attitudes often result in women’s exclusion from positions of power in institutional structures through the use of sexual harassment, discriminatory recruitment methods and exclusion from social circles. Traditionally, previous research on bouncers has focused on the occupation’s close affinities with violence and the domination of men, ignoring the benefits and experiences of women in door-work. This research addresses an important literature gap within the context of New Zealand, by exploring how women working as bouncers in New Zealand’s Night Time Economy (NTE) experience and navigate their occupations, based on stereotypical assumptions that women are unsuitable to bouncing. Applying a feminist lens, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with twelve women who had experience working as bouncers in New Zealand’s NTE. This study found that gendered violence, discrimination and misogyny were a routine and ‘expected’ part of being a female bouncer, and uncovered how the women in this study constructed malleable performances of gender to do their work. These experiences profoundly impacted their feelings of safety in the workplace, which may point to reasons why women still remain the minority within the bouncer occupation. Based on these findings, this research concludes that women in door-work are faced with a paradox where femininity is simultaneously resisted in a masculine occupation, but where they are expected to adhere to men’s expectations of appropriate gender norms within the workplace. This study therefore exposes the difficult and highly gendered terrain women in door-work are expected to navigate, and emphasises the need to address misogynistic attitudes and gendered violence within the workplace, the wider NTE and beyond.

Patriarchal norms and misogynistic attitudes often result in women’s exclusion from positions of power in institutional structures through the use of sexual harassment, discriminatory recruitment methods and exclusion from social circles. Traditionally, previous research on bouncers has focused on the occupation’s close affinities with violence and the domination of men, ignoring the benefits and experiences of women in door-work. This research addresses an important literature gap within the context of New Zealand, by exploring how women working as bouncers in New Zealand’s Night Time Economy (NTE) experience and navigate their occupations, based on stereotypical assumptions that women are unsuitable to bouncing. Applying a feminist lens, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with twelve women who had experience working as bouncers in New Zealand’s NTE. This study found that gendered violence, discrimination and misogyny were a routine and ‘expected’ part of being a female bouncer, and uncovered how the women in this study constructed malleable performances of gender to do their work. These experiences profoundly impacted their feelings of safety in the workplace, which may point to reasons why women still remain the minority within the bouncer occupation. Based on these findings, this research concludes that women in door-work are faced with a paradox where femininity is simultaneously resisted in a masculine occupation, but where they are expected to adhere to men’s expectations of appropriate gender norms within the workplace. This study therefore exposes the difficult and highly gendered terrain women in door-work are expected to navigate, and emphasises the need to address misogynistic attitudes and gendered violence within the workplace, the wider NTE and beyond.

Patriarchal norms and misogynistic attitudes often result in women’s exclusion from positions of power in institutional structures through the use of sexual harassment, discriminatory recruitment methods and exclusion from social circles. Traditionally, previous research on bouncers has focused on the occupation’s close affinities with violence and the domination of men, ignoring the benefits and experiences of women in door-work. This research addresses an important literature gap within the context of New Zealand, by exploring how women working as bouncers in New Zealand’s Night Time Economy (NTE) experience and navigate their occupations, based on stereotypical assumptions that women are unsuitable to bouncing. Applying a feminist lens, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with twelve women who had experience working as bouncers in New Zealand’s NTE. This study found that gendered violence, discrimination and misogyny were a routine and ‘expected’ part of being a female bouncer, and uncovered how the women in this study constructed malleable performances of gender to do their work. These experiences profoundly impacted their feelings of safety in the workplace, which may point to reasons why women still remain the minority within the bouncer occupation. Based on these findings, this research concludes that women in door-work are faced with a paradox where femininity is simultaneously resisted in a masculine occupation, but where they are expected to adhere to men’s expectations of appropriate gender norms within the workplace. This study therefore exposes the difficult and highly gendered terrain women in door-work are expected to navigate, and emphasises the need to address misogynistic attitudes and gendered violence within the workplace, the wider NTE and beyond.

Patriarchal norms and misogynistic attitudes often result in women’s exclusion from positions of power in institutional structures through the use of sexual harassment, discriminatory recruitment methods and exclusion from social circles. Traditionally, previous research on bouncers has focused on the occupation’s close affinities with violence and the domination of men, ignoring the benefits and experiences of women in door-work. This research addresses an important literature gap within the context of New Zealand, by exploring how women working as bouncers in New Zealand’s Night Time Economy (NTE) experience and navigate their occupations, based on stereotypical assumptions that women are unsuitable to bouncing. Applying a feminist lens, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with twelve women who had experience working as bouncers in New Zealand’s NTE. This study found that gendered violence, discrimination and misogyny were a routine and ‘expected’ part of being a female bouncer, and uncovered how the women in this study constructed malleable performances of gender to do their work. These experiences profoundly impacted their feelings of safety in the workplace, which may point to reasons why women still remain the minority within the bouncer occupation. Based on these findings, this research concludes that women in door-work are faced with a paradox where femininity is simultaneously resisted in a masculine occupation, but where they are expected to adhere to men’s expectations of appropriate gender norms within the workplace. This study therefore exposes the difficult and highly gendered terrain women in door-work are expected to navigate, and emphasises the need to address misogynistic attitudes and gendered violence within the workplace, the wider NTE and beyond.

The practice of binge drinking has in recent decades consolidated what is known as the ‘culture of intoxication’ among the young people of Spain. This has coincided with the increase in the use of mobile-phone technology and of social networks within the night-time economy. Our main aim is to explore these new, potentially risky uses and violent behaviours, through an analysis of the discourses of the young people involved. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews (n¼24) of young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two, resident in two cities in the south of Spain: Granada and Seville. Findings: our results show that gender violence is present in the contexts where alcohol is consumed intensively and is related to the use of the mobile phone in interpersonal or couple relationships. This violence is practiced mainly against the women, who suffer sexual harassment and violation of their public image through information and communication technologies. Our data show that prevention should consider the new vulnerabilities that are generated out of the problematic association between technology and alcohol, using innovative strategies that are adapted to the new patterns of youth behaviour.

The practice of binge drinking has in recent decades consolidated what is known as the ‘culture of intoxication’ among the young people of Spain. This has coincided with the increase in the use of mobile-phone technology and of social networks within the night-time economy. Our main aim is to explore these new, potentially risky uses and violent behaviours, through an analysis of the discourses of the young people involved. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews (n¼24) of young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two, resident in two cities in the south of Spain: Granada and Seville. Findings: our results show that gender violence is present in the contexts where alcohol is consumed intensively and is related to the use of the mobile phone in interpersonal or couple relationships. This violence is practiced mainly against the women, who suffer sexual harassment and violation of their public image through information and communication technologies. Our data show that prevention should consider the new vulnerabilities that are generated out of the problematic association between technology and alcohol, using innovative strategies that are adapted to the new patterns of youth behaviour.

Night-time economy (NTE) leisure zones, while providing local economic growth and positive social experiences, are hotspots for urban public violence. Research aimed at better understanding and thus reducing this violence has employed a range of empirical methods: official records, self-reports, experiments, and observational techniques. In this paper, we review the applications of these methodologies for analyzing NTE violence on key research dimensions, including mapping incidents across time and space; interpreting the motivations and meaning of violence; identifying social psychological background variables and health consequences; and the ability to examine mid-violent interactions. Further, we assess each method in terms of reliability, validity, and the potential for establishing causal claims. We demonstrate that there are fewer and less established methodologies available for examining the interactional dynamics of NTE violence. Using real-life NTE bystander intervention as a case example, we argue that video-based behavioral analysis is a promising method to address this gap. Given the infancy and relative lack of exposure of the video observational method, we provide recommendations for scholars interested in adopting this technique.

Night-time economy (NTE) leisure zones, while providing local economic growth and positive social experiences, are hotspots for urban public violence. Research aimed at better understanding and thus reducing this violence has employed a range of empirical methods: official records, self-reports, experiments, and observational techniques. In this paper, we review the applications of these methodologies for analyzing NTE violence on key research dimensions, including mapping incidents across time and space; interpreting the motivations and meaning of violence; identifying social psychological background variables and health consequences; and the ability to examine mid-violent interactions. Further, we assess each method in terms of reliability, validity, and the potential for establishing causal claims. We demonstrate that there are fewer and less established methodologies available for examining the interactional dynamics of NTE violence. Using real-life NTE bystander intervention as a case example, we argue that video-based behavioral analysis is a promising method to address this gap. Given the infancy and relative lack of exposure of the video observational method, we provide recommendations for scholars interested in adopting this technique.

The practice of binge drinking has in recent decades consolidated what is known as the ‘culture of intoxication’ among the young people of Spain. This has coincided with the increase in the use of mobile-phone technology and of social networks within the night-time economy. Our main aim is to explore these new, potentially risky uses and violent behaviours, through an analysis of the discourses of the young people involved. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews (n¼24) of young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two, resident in two cities in the south of Spain: Granada and Seville. Findings: our results show that gender violence is present in the contexts where alcohol is consumed intensively and is related to the use of the mobile phone in interpersonal or couple relationships. This violence is practiced mainly against the women, who suffer sexual harassment and violation of their public image through information and communication technologies. Our data show that prevention should consider the new vulnerabilities that are generated out of the problematic association between technology and alcohol, using innovative strategies that are adapted to the new patterns of youth behaviour.

The practice of binge drinking has in recent decades consolidated what is known as the ‘culture of intoxication’ among the young people of Spain. This has coincided with the increase in the use of mobile-phone technology and of social networks within the night-time economy. Our main aim is to explore these new, potentially risky uses and violent behaviours, through an analysis of the discourses of the young people involved. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews (n¼24) of young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two, resident in two cities in the south of Spain: Granada and Seville. Findings: our results show that gender violence is present in the contexts where alcohol is consumed intensively and is related to the use of the mobile phone in interpersonal or couple relationships. This violence is practiced mainly against the women, who suffer sexual harassment and violation of their public image through information and communication technologies. Our data show that prevention should consider the new vulnerabilities that are generated out of the problematic association between technology and alcohol, using innovative strategies that are adapted to the new patterns of youth behaviour.

The practice of binge drinking has in recent decades consolidated what is known as the ‘culture of intoxication’ among the young people of Spain. This has coincided with the increase in the use of mobile-phone technology and of social networks within the night-time economy. Our main aim is to explore these new, potentially risky uses and violent behaviours, through an analysis of the discourses of the young people involved. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews (n¼24) of young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two, resident in two cities in the south of Spain: Granada and Seville. Findings: our results show that gender violence is present in the contexts where alcohol is consumed intensively and is related to the use of the mobile phone in interpersonal or couple relationships. This violence is practiced mainly against the women, who suffer sexual harassment and violation of their public image through information and communication technologies. Our data show that prevention should consider the new vulnerabilities that are generated out of the problematic association between technology and alcohol, using innovative strategies that are adapted to the new patterns of youth behaviour.

Night-time economy (NTE) leisure zones, while providing local economic growth and positive social experiences, are hotspots for urban public violence. Research aimed at better understanding and thus reducing this violence has employed a range of empirical methods: official records, self-reports, experiments, and observational techniques. In this paper, we review the applications of these methodologies for analyzing NTE violence on key research dimensions, including mapping incidents across time and space; interpreting the motivations and meaning of violence; identifying social psychological background variables and health consequences; and the ability to examine mid-violent interactions. Further, we assess each method in terms of reliability, validity, and the potential for establishing causal claims. We demonstrate that there are fewer and less established methodologies available for examining the interactional dynamics of NTE violence. Using real-life NTE bystander intervention as a case example, we argue that video-based behavioral analysis is a promising method to address this gap. Given the infancy and relative lack of exposure of the video observational method, we provide recommendations for scholars interested in adopting this technique.

Night-time economy (NTE) leisure zones, while providing local economic growth and positive social experiences, are hotspots for urban public violence. Research aimed at better understanding and thus reducing this violence has employed a range of empirical methods: official records, self-reports, experiments, and observational techniques. In this paper, we review the applications of these methodologies for analyzing NTE violence on key research dimensions, including mapping incidents across time and space; interpreting the motivations and meaning of violence; identifying social psychological background variables and health consequences; and the ability to examine mid-violent interactions. Further, we assess each method in terms of reliability, validity, and the potential for establishing causal claims. We demonstrate that there are fewer and less established methodologies available for examining the interactional dynamics of NTE violence. Using real-life NTE bystander intervention as a case example, we argue that video-based behavioral analysis is a promising method to address this gap. Given the infancy and relative lack of exposure of the video observational method, we provide recommendations for scholars interested in adopting this technique.

This thesis examines nightlife in inner Sydney from 2012 to 2017, when it became a source of much consternationprimarily due to a highly debated venue lockout implemented by the New South Wales (NSW) Government. Anassemblage of articles mobilises correlative threads relating to the central thesis argument, that: neoliberaldiscourse has co-opted effective governance of nightlife. Through discourse analysis, interviews and mobilemethods, data was generated on experiences, governance and activism relating to Sydney’s nightlife.Analyses of the City of Sydney Council’s 2013 ‘night-time economy’ strategy and the NSW Government’s 2014lockout were critical threads of the thesis’ governance focus. This focus demonstrates the reliance on a neoliberalpolicy script, including its aspatial application across ‘global cities’, co-opting of consultation, and attempts toreshape urban identities and behaviours through economic shifts. Under the NSW Government’s agenda, nightlifeis not socially and culturally valued, but rather economically dispensable. Applying a historical lens tocontemporary debates around Sydney’s nightlife, I problematise the intent of a ‘civilised’ and deregulated nightlifeand discuss how recent attempts at social and moral sanitation link the present-day situation to a legacy of class-based leisure.Fieldwork and analysis of activist discourses comprise further consolidating thesis threads. Using ‘go-alongs’ andwalking interviews in the inner Sydney nightscape of Surry Hills, I connect encounters and embodied experiencesat night to show the dynamism of personal relationships to place and the need for policy that includes diversity andconsiders embodied encounter. Scrutinising the performative discourses of activist groups ‘Keep Sydney Open’and ‘Reclaim the Streets’, I demonstrated that the perception of activist success is increasingly shaped by theircohesion with neoliberal discourse. The final thesis article expanded public debate by nesting the thesis’ centra

Introduction and Aims: The lockout intervention has become embedded in Australian alcohol policy with little scientific evidence of its effectiveness in reducing violence and disorder. This paper reports an evaluation of the Queensland lockout pilot in Surfers Paradise. Patrons could not enter or re-enter licensed venues after 3 am, while patrons inside at this time could stay until close. Design and Methods: Using police and ambulance data, time series analyses examined the impact of tourism seasons and the lockout on rates of crime, violence, injury and intoxication. Additional analyses were also conducted to show spatial and temporal changes in crime over time. Results: Both police and ambulance data showed that the lockout introduction had no statistically significant impact on rates of crime, violence, head and neck injuries, and intoxication over the 2 years following lockout. Hot spot maps indicated limited spatial shift of crime within Surfers Paradise following the lockout introduction, with evidence of a temporary intensification of crime in already established hot spots. We found a moderate statistically significant change in the 24 h distribution of crime after the lockout implementation, suggesting temporal displacement of crime. Discussion: Results support the small existing body of evidence on lockouts that indicates they are largely ineffective in reducing crime and injuries in entertainment districts. Conclusion: As multi-pronged strategies that include a lockout gain in popularity, further investigation should focus on identifying the key drivers of successful interventions such as the Newcastle strategy, to better refine these interventions for replication and evaluation elsewhere. [De Andrade D, Homel R, Townsley M. Trouble in paradise: The crime and health outcomes of the Surfers Paradise licensed venue lockout. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:564–572]. © 2016 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs

Drawing from recent affective geographies of drinking and drunkenness, this article explores the affective atmospheres of spaces of mobility in Melbourne’s night-time economy and how these atmospheres shape the experience of alcohol-related problems. Our discussion is grounded in the analysis of interview data collected in 2012 among 60 young adults living in Melbourne. Participants included youth residing in the inner-city who reported taking a tram, walking or cycling to nearby venues along with youth from periurban communities who used trains, buses or taxis to travel to and from venues in the inner-city. Each group reported spending varying amounts of time on the move during a night-out drinking, although the atmospherics of mobility differed for each group. Inner-city participants described ‘comfortable’ or ‘fun’ journeys on the tram, walking or cycling, whereas participants from periurban communities spoke of ‘boring’ or ‘unpleasant’ journeys via train, night-bus or taxi. Moving beyond reports of the ‘priming’ effects of affective atmospheres, we conclude that these atmospheres are(co-)constituted in encounters between bodies, human and non-human, as they move. We close with a brief discussion of the implications of our analysis for the study of alcohol-related problems in the city at night.

There has been a significant increase in the use of physical security measures in Western cities over the past 30 years and situational crime prevention has become increasingly popular. During this period, the night-time economy (NTE) has become a significant area for international research. Much of the research has concentrated on investigating and regulating for improved security of nightclubs and licensed premises. Homel and Tomsen and Walker have previously argued that door security was most in need of regulation. Since then, a variety of security measures, initiatives and technology has been used to control entry points to licensed premises, including CCTV, doormen (bouncers) and identification scanners. Following Wortley’s concept of crime precipitators, it has been suggested that poor governance can inadvertently create crime precipitators at the meso, macro and micro level of the NTE. This article adopts a grounded theory approach to explore the micro-level governance of nightclub entrances in Perth, Western Australia. Using observational data collected from fieldwork over several years, the authors ask the question ‘what does the entrance “say”, about the licensed premises?’ How are different venues perceived and how might excessive security measures operate to precipitate crime?

Introduction and Aims: There is little research describing how intoxication levels change throughout the night in entertainment districts. This research aims to describe levels of alcohol intoxication across multiple Australian metropolitan and regional nightlife districts. Design and Methods: This study was conducted in the night-time entertainment districts of three metropolitan cities (Sydney, Melbourne and Perth) and two regional cities (Wollongong and Geelong) in Australia. Data collection occurred approximately fortnightly in each city on a Friday or Saturday night between 8 PM and 5 AM. Brief structured interviews (3–10 min) and breathalyser tests were undertaken in busy thoroughfares over six months. Results: Of the 7037 individuals approached to participate in the study, 6998 [61.8% male, mean age 24.89 years (standard deviation6.37; range 18–73)] agreed to be interviewed. There was a linear increase in blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels throughout the night. Post hoc testing revealed significantly more highly intoxicated participants (i.e. BAC above 0.10 mg of alcohol per 100 mL of blood) after midnight (P < 0.05). The overall mean BAC was 0.06 mg/100 mL. Men were more intoxicated than women earlier in the night, but gender differences disappeared by 3 AM. There was no age difference in intoxication earlier in the night, but after midnight, patrons over the age of 21 showed increasing BAC levels. Discussion and Conclusions: There is a consistent trend across the cities of high to very high levels of intoxication later in the night, with trends after midnight being significantly different to those before.

ID scanners are promoted as an effective solution to the problems of anti-social behavior and violence in many urban nighttime economies. However, the acceptance of this and other forms of computerized surveillance to prevent crime and anti-social behavior is based on several unproven assumptions. After outlining what ID scanners are and how they are becoming a normalized precondition of entry into one Australian nighttime economy, this chapter demonstrates how technology is commonly viewed as the key to preventing crime despite recognition of various problems associated with its adoption. The implications of technological determinism amongst policy makers, police, and crime prevention theories are then critically assessed in light of several issues that key informants talking about the value of ID scanners fail to mention when applauding their success. Notably, the broad, ill-defined, and confused notion of “privacy” is analyzed as a questionable legal remedy for the growing problems of überveillance.