Search

The focus of this paper is the assessment of groups of agents or units in a network organization. Given a social network, the relations between agents are modeled by means of a graph, and its functionality will be codified by means of a cooperative game. Building on previous work of Gomez et al. (2003) for the individual case, we propose a Myerson group value to evaluate the ability of each group of agents inside the social network to achieve the organization's goals. We analyze this centrality measure, and in particular we offer several decompositions that facilitate obtaining a precise interpretation of it., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Depto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Fac. de Ciencias Matemáticas, TRUE, pub

This paper presents the latest developments of the Net Man generic framework for the design and operation of distributed manufacturing and supply networks. This framework enables the implementation of specific collaborative strategies, as well as the integration of distributed business processes into a seamless value creation process. This approach, described as a collaborative integration of the business-to-business (B-to-B) interactions, allows the distributed units of a network to exchange information in a coordinated manner and to collaboratively plan, control and manage day-to-day operations and contingencies in a dynamic environment., 0

This paper presents the latest developments of the Net Man generic framework for the design and operation of distributed manufacturing and supply networks. This framework enables the implementation of specific collaborative strategies, as well as the integration of distributed business processes into a seamless value creation process. This approach, described as a collaborative integration of the business-to-business (B-to-B) interactions, allows the distributed units of a network to exchange information in a coordinated manner and to collaboratively plan, control and manage day-to-day operations and contingencies in a dynamic environment., 0

Development problem of network organizations’ modelling methods is considered in this article. It is characterized with two fundamental directions that are the basis of the scientific approach. The authors offer one more aspect of modelling – taking into account the influence on the object’s structure and the produced products of external messages that carry structural rules, i. e. the rules needed for similar objects modelling.

Development problem of network organizations’ modelling methods is considered in this article. It is characterized with two fundamental directions that are the basis of the scientific approach. The authors offer one more aspect of modelling – taking into account the influence on the object’s structure and the produced products of external messages that carry structural rules, i. e. the rules needed for similar objects modelling.

Bakgrund: Globaliseringen samt digitaliseringen har lett till stora förändringar på den globala marknaden. Företag konkurrerar inte längre bara regionalt eller nationellt utan även internationellt. Den dynamiska och volatila marknaden har lett till att det inte räcker att företag utnyttjar sina befintliga resurser utan de måste även vara flexibla, snabba och innovativa för att identifiera nya möjligheter. För att lyckas med det måste företag vara strategiskt entreprenöriella. Den ökade konkurrensen har även gjort att företag tvingas leverera hög kapacitet och effektivitet i samtliga av dess aktiviteter. Det har därmed blivit vanligt att företag väljer att enbart hantera de aktiviteter där de har sina interna styrkor och outsourcar övriga aktiviteter till externa företag genom att vara i nätverksorganisationer. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att skapa en djupare förståelse för strategiskt entreprenörskap och undersöka om och i så fall hur nätverksorganisationer kan balansera entreprenörskap och strategi i sin verksamhet. Metod: Studien utgörs av en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi som utformats som en fallstudie av företaget Smiling Group. Det empiriska materialet har samlat in via intervjuer, observationer samt genom granskning av skriftligt material. Slutsats: Vi anser utifrån vår studie att företag i nätverksorganisationer kan balansera strategi och entreprenörskap i sin verksamhet genom att de utnyttjar förutsättningarna som nätverket skapar. Vi vill hävda att en nätverksorganisation bidrar till att de enskilda företagen inom organisationen kan vara av entreprenöriell karaktär och ändå skapa långsiktig konkurrenskraft på marknaden., Background: The trends of globalization and digitalization have led to huge changes in the global market. Companies do not compete only on a regional or national level but also on an international level. The dynamic and volatile market place have led to the fact that companies do not only have to use their existing resources but they also have to be flexible, fast pace and innovative in order to identify new market opportunities. To succeed companies must be strategically entrepreneurial. The increased competitive situation has also forced companies to deliver high capacity and efficiency in all of its activities. Hence, it has become common that companies choose to perform those activities where they have their internal strengths while outsourcing the other activities to organizations by operating in network environments. Purpose: The purpose of the case study is to provide a greater understanding for the concept of strategic entrepreneurship and evaluate the how the network organizations can balance the entrepreneurship and strategy in its business operations. Method: The study is represented of a qualitative research strategy which has been shaped as a case study of the Smiling Group company. The empirical material has been collected through several personal interviews, various experiences and a review of written documentation. Conclusion: We conclude out of this case study that firms in network organizations can balance strategic management and entrepreneurship in their operations by utilizing the strategic advantages provided by the network. We claim that network organizations contribute by giving the individual firm the opportunity to take entrepreneurial action and still creating sustainable competitive advantage.

Bakgrund: Globaliseringen samt digitaliseringen har lett till stora förändringar på den globala marknaden. Företag konkurrerar inte längre bara regionalt eller nationellt utan även internationellt. Den dynamiska och volatila marknaden har lett till att det inte räcker att företag utnyttjar sina befintliga resurser utan de måste även vara flexibla, snabba och innovativa för att identifiera nya möjligheter. För att lyckas med det måste företag vara strategiskt entreprenöriella. Den ökade konkurrensen har även gjort att företag tvingas leverera hög kapacitet och effektivitet i samtliga av dess aktiviteter. Det har därmed blivit vanligt att företag väljer att enbart hantera de aktiviteter där de har sina interna styrkor och outsourcar övriga aktiviteter till externa företag genom att vara i nätverksorganisationer. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att skapa en djupare förståelse för strategiskt entreprenörskap och undersöka om och i så fall hur nätverksorganisationer kan balansera entreprenörskap och strategi i sin verksamhet. Metod: Studien utgörs av en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi som utformats som en fallstudie av företaget Smiling Group. Det empiriska materialet har samlat in via intervjuer, observationer samt genom granskning av skriftligt material. Slutsats: Vi anser utifrån vår studie att företag i nätverksorganisationer kan balansera strategi och entreprenörskap i sin verksamhet genom att de utnyttjar förutsättningarna som nätverket skapar. Vi vill hävda att en nätverksorganisation bidrar till att de enskilda företagen inom organisationen kan vara av entreprenöriell karaktär och ändå skapa långsiktig konkurrenskraft på marknaden., Background: The trends of globalization and digitalization have led to huge changes in the global market. Companies do not compete only on a regional or national level but also on an international level. The dynamic and volatile market place have led to the fact that companies do not only have to use their existing resources but they also have to be flexible, fast pace and innovative in order to identify new market opportunities. To succeed companies must be strategically entrepreneurial. The increased competitive situation has also forced companies to deliver high capacity and efficiency in all of its activities. Hence, it has become common that companies choose to perform those activities where they have their internal strengths while outsourcing the other activities to organizations by operating in network environments. Purpose: The purpose of the case study is to provide a greater understanding for the concept of strategic entrepreneurship and evaluate the how the network organizations can balance the entrepreneurship and strategy in its business operations. Method: The study is represented of a qualitative research strategy which has been shaped as a case study of the Smiling Group company. The empirical material has been collected through several personal interviews, various experiences and a review of written documentation. Conclusion: We conclude out of this case study that firms in network organizations can balance strategic management and entrepreneurship in their operations by utilizing the strategic advantages provided by the network. We claim that network organizations contribute by giving the individual firm the opportunity to take entrepreneurial action and still creating sustainable competitive advantage.

Kumulative Dissertation, die unterschiedliche Themen Whistleblowing, Netzwerkorganisationen und das Organisieren durch Freiheit aus einer praxistheoretischen Perspektive betrachtet., Joining the ranks of the growing number of practice-based studies, this dissertation presents three papers that approach different topics whistleblowing and truth-telling, governing network organizations, and organizing through freedom from the perspective of practice-based theories., Yvonne Kathrin Tobias-Miersch, MSc, Kumulative Dissertation aus drei Artikeln, Universität Innsbruck, Dissertation, 2016, OeBB, (VLID)1502176

The information society and the network organization form the basis for a new business management. Today, we speak of horizontal structures, flexibility in processes, and teamwork. These changes in the global economy have influenced the development of International Business and International Marketing. Moreover, thanks to the Internet, the mass market has become a niche market and companies have more opportunities to access foreign markets. Finally, there are several online tools to potentiate the internationalization of enterprises and brand management, allowing for the construction of long-term relationships with other parts of the supply chain., La economía de la información y la empresa red constituyen la base de una nueva gestión empresarial. Hoy se habla de estructuras horizontales, flexibilidad en los procesos y trabajo en equipo. Estos cambios en la economía global han influido en el desarrollo de los negocios internacionales y en la evolución del marketing internacional. Además, gracias a la Internet el mercado de masas se convierte en un mercado de nichos y las empresas tienen más oportunidades de acceder a los mercados exteriores. Finalmente, existen diversas herramientas en Internet que potencializan la internacionalización de las empresas, y la gestión de la marca, permitiendo la construcción de relaciones a largo plazo con las demás partes de la cadena de suministro.

Досліджується один з основних сучасних напрямів інноваційної діяльності на внутрішньому ринку – поширення корпоративних мереж в економічній системі суспільства. Зроблено висновок, що мережева організація забезпечує синергетичний ефект: економію на масштабах, об’єднання власності, у швидкості виходу на нові ринки, у розподілі ризиків, в об’єднанні ресурсів., This article examines one of the main directions of modern innovative activity on the internal market – spread of corporative networks in the economic system of society. It is concluded that network organization provides a synergistic effect: economies of scale, property association, increases speed of entering new markets, risk sharing and pooling resources together.

Participatory communication through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been identified to enhance self-dependency and equality for local communities in development projects. As well, ICTs served as an accelerator for citizen participation in social movements, such as in Egypt. However, it is still questionable how participation and ICTs are understood on a global scale where structural inequalities between developing and developed countries might influence communication processes. Similarly, international organizations often address a global network of stakeholders with various economic and social backgrounds. However, it is unclear how participatory communication and ICTs are used in global organizations aiming to foster sustainable development. Hence, this thesis investigates the understanding and practices of participatory communication and the role of ICTs in a global network organization, the Global Water Partnership (GWP) based in Stockholm. The GWPs network consists of 2964 institutional partners in 172 countries worldwide. It can be seen that the GWP aims to achieve dialogic communication with local partners, but that they do not have a mechanism that ensures continuous participation in all working processes, although the local partners demand more possibilities to contribute and participate. As well, ICTs play a minor role in addressing the GWP network. In fact, most of the partner organizations do not have reliable internet access and insufficient English literacy, which makes communication through ICTs especially challenging.This suggests that globally operating organizations should be careful not to reproduce existing power relationship between developed and developing countries through the use of ICTs. As well, more mechanisms need to be established which ensure more participation in organization’s processes.

In México there are extensive areas of soils contaminated by hyrocarbons, due to the tasks of exploration and refining, and from lack of maintenance and fuel theft. The contaminated soils are altered in their physical-chemical and biological characteristics, and the social scope is also affected as a result. In the state of Puebla there are gas pipelines that run through localities, among them Acatzingo, where several spills have been detected. This study had the objective of exploring the impacts and consequences of recent hydrocarbon spills in Acatzingo and its surroundings, from the perspective of the peasants. Qualitative research was performed with a transversal design with nine informants, two ejido commissioners and six ejidatarios; all of them with soils affected by spills. Aprioristic and emerging categories were defined. Those interviewed mentioned that there has been an increase in the frequency of the spills due to fuel theft, causing human, patrimonial and ecologic damages; likewise, the producers do not have the information necessary regarding the preventive or reactive security measures, and there is no manner of organization among them that would allow them to have attention from specialists to face a contingency in a safer way, so that the creation of a safety culture is important, as well as the integration of networks for localities that are located near gas pipelines., En México existen extensas áreas de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos, debido a las tareas de exploración, refinación, falta de mantenimiento y robo de combustible. Los suelos contaminados son alterados en sus características físicoquímicas y biológicas, con lo que afectan el ámbito social. En el estado de Puebla existen gasoductos que atraviesan localidades; entre ellas se encuentra Acatzingo, donde se han detectado varios derrames. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las afectaciones y consecuencias de los derrames de hidrocarburos recientes en Acatzingo y sus alrededores, desde la perspectiva de los campesinos. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño transversal con nueve informantes, dos comisarios ejidales y seis ejidatarios; todos ellos con suelos afectados por derrames. Se definieron categorías apriorísticas y emergentes. Los entrevistados mencionaron que se ha incrementado la frecuencia de derrames debido al robo de combustible, ocasionando daños humanos, al patrimonio y ecológicos; asimismo, los productores no cuentan con la información necesaria sobre medidas de seguridad preventiva o reactiva, y no hay ningún tipo de organización entre ellos que les permitiera tener una atención de especialistas para enfrentar una eventualidad de manera más segura, por lo que es importante la creación de una cultura de la seguridad y la integración de redes para localidades que están ubicadas cerca de los gasoductos.

In México there are extensive areas of soils contaminated by hyrocarbons, due to the tasks of exploration and refining, and from lack of maintenance and fuel theft. The contaminated soils are altered in their physical-chemical and biological characteristics, and the social scope is also affected as a result. In the state of Puebla there are gas pipelines that run through localities, among them Acatzingo, where several spills have been detected. This study had the objective of exploring the impacts and consequences of recent hydrocarbon spills in Acatzingo and its surroundings, from the perspective of the peasants. Qualitative research was performed with a transversal design with nine informants, two ejido commissioners and six ejidatarios; all of them with soils affected by spills. Aprioristic and emerging categories were defined. Those interviewed mentioned that there has been an increase in the frequency of the spills due to fuel theft, causing human, patrimonial and ecologic damages; likewise, the producers do not have the information necessary regarding the preventive or reactive security measures, and there is no manner of organization among them that would allow them to have attention from specialists to face a contingency in a safer way, so that the creation of a safety culture is important, as well as the integration of networks for localities that are located near gas pipelines., En México existen extensas áreas de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos, debido a las tareas de exploración, refinación, falta de mantenimiento y robo de combustible. Los suelos contaminados son alterados en sus características físicoquímicas y biológicas, con lo que afectan el ámbito social. En el estado de Puebla existen gasoductos que atraviesan localidades; entre ellas se encuentra Acatzingo, donde se han detectado varios derrames. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las afectaciones y consecuencias de los derrames de hidrocarburos recientes en Acatzingo y sus alrededores, desde la perspectiva de los campesinos. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño transversal con nueve informantes, dos comisarios ejidales y seis ejidatarios; todos ellos con suelos afectados por derrames. Se definieron categorías apriorísticas y emergentes. Los entrevistados mencionaron que se ha incrementado la frecuencia de derrames debido al robo de combustible, ocasionando daños humanos, al patrimonio y ecológicos; asimismo, los productores no cuentan con la información necesaria sobre medidas de seguridad preventiva o reactiva, y no hay ningún tipo de organización entre ellos que les permitiera tener una atención de especialistas para enfrentar una eventualidad de manera más segura, por lo que es importante la creación de una cultura de la seguridad y la integración de redes para localidades que están ubicadas cerca de los gasoductos.

In México there are extensive areas of soils contaminated by hyrocarbons, due to the tasks of exploration and refining, and from lack of maintenance and fuel theft. The contaminated soils are altered in their physical-chemical and biological characteristics, and the social scope is also affected as a result. In the state of Puebla there are gas pipelines that run through localities, among them Acatzingo, where several spills have been detected. This study had the objective of exploring the impacts and consequences of recent hydrocarbon spills in Acatzingo and its surroundings, from the perspective of the peasants. Qualitative research was performed with a transversal design with nine informants, two ejido commissioners and six ejidatarios; all of them with soils affected by spills. Aprioristic and emerging categories were defined. Those interviewed mentioned that there has been an increase in the frequency of the spills due to fuel theft, causing human, patrimonial and ecologic damages; likewise, the producers do not have the information necessary regarding the preventive or reactive security measures, and there is no manner of organization among them that would allow them to have attention from specialists to face a contingency in a safer way, so that the creation of a safety culture is important, as well as the integration of networks for localities that are located near gas pipelines., En México existen extensas áreas de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos, debido a las tareas de exploración, refinación, falta de mantenimiento y robo de combustible. Los suelos contaminados son alterados en sus características físicoquímicas y biológicas, con lo que afectan el ámbito social. En el estado de Puebla existen gasoductos que atraviesan localidades; entre ellas se encuentra Acatzingo, donde se han detectado varios derrames. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las afectaciones y consecuencias de los derrames de hidrocarburos recientes en Acatzingo y sus alrededores, desde la perspectiva de los campesinos. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño transversal con nueve informantes, dos comisarios ejidales y seis ejidatarios; todos ellos con suelos afectados por derrames. Se definieron categorías apriorísticas y emergentes. Los entrevistados mencionaron que se ha incrementado la frecuencia de derrames debido al robo de combustible, ocasionando daños humanos, al patrimonio y ecológicos; asimismo, los productores no cuentan con la información necesaria sobre medidas de seguridad preventiva o reactiva, y no hay ningún tipo de organización entre ellos que les permitiera tener una atención de especialistas para enfrentar una eventualidad de manera más segura, por lo que es importante la creación de una cultura de la seguridad y la integración de redes para localidades que están ubicadas cerca de los gasoductos.

In México there are extensive areas of soils contaminated by hyrocarbons, due to the tasks of exploration and refining, and from lack of maintenance and fuel theft. The contaminated soils are altered in their physical-chemical and biological characteristics, and the social scope is also affected as a result. In the state of Puebla there are gas pipelines that run through localities, among them Acatzingo, where several spills have been detected. This study had the objective of exploring the impacts and consequences of recent hydrocarbon spills in Acatzingo and its surroundings, from the perspective of the peasants. Qualitative research was performed with a transversal design with nine informants, two ejido commissioners and six ejidatarios; all of them with soils affected by spills. Aprioristic and emerging categories were defined. Those interviewed mentioned that there has been an increase in the frequency of the spills due to fuel theft, causing human, patrimonial and ecologic damages; likewise, the producers do not have the information necessary regarding the preventive or reactive security measures, and there is no manner of organization among them that would allow them to have attention from specialists to face a contingency in a safer way, so that the creation of a safety culture is important, as well as the integration of networks for localities that are located near gas pipelines., En México existen extensas áreas de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos, debido a las tareas de exploración, refinación, falta de mantenimiento y robo de combustible. Los suelos contaminados son alterados en sus características físicoquímicas y biológicas, con lo que afectan el ámbito social. En el estado de Puebla existen gasoductos que atraviesan localidades; entre ellas se encuentra Acatzingo, donde se han detectado varios derrames. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las afectaciones y consecuencias de los derrames de hidrocarburos recientes en Acatzingo y sus alrededores, desde la perspectiva de los campesinos. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño transversal con nueve informantes, dos comisarios ejidales y seis ejidatarios; todos ellos con suelos afectados por derrames. Se definieron categorías apriorísticas y emergentes. Los entrevistados mencionaron que se ha incrementado la frecuencia de derrames debido al robo de combustible, ocasionando daños humanos, al patrimonio y ecológicos; asimismo, los productores no cuentan con la información necesaria sobre medidas de seguridad preventiva o reactiva, y no hay ningún tipo de organización entre ellos que les permitiera tener una atención de especialistas para enfrentar una eventualidad de manera más segura, por lo que es importante la creación de una cultura de la seguridad y la integración de redes para localidades que están ubicadas cerca de los gasoductos.

Participatory communication through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been identified to enhance self-dependency and equality for local communities in development projects. As well, ICTs served as an accelerator for citizen participation in social movements, such as in Egypt. However, it is still questionable how participation and ICTs are understood on a global scale where structural inequalities between developing and developed countries might influence communication processes. Similarly, international organizations often address a global network of stakeholders with various economic and social backgrounds. However, it is unclear how participatory communication and ICTs are used in global organizations aiming to foster sustainable development. Hence, this thesis investigates the understanding and practices of participatory communication and the role of ICTs in a global network organization, the Global Water Partnership (GWP) based in Stockholm. The GWPs network consists of 2964 institutional partners in 172 countries worldwide. It can be seen that the GWP aims to achieve dialogic communication with local partners, but that they do not have a mechanism that ensures continuous participation in all working processes, although the local partners demand more possibilities to contribute and participate. As well, ICTs play a minor role in addressing the GWP network. In fact, most of the partner organizations do not have reliable internet access and insufficient English literacy, which makes communication through ICTs especially challenging.This suggests that globally operating organizations should be careful not to reproduce existing power relationship between developed and developing countries through the use of ICTs. As well, more mechanisms need to be established which ensure more participation in organization’s processes.

Drawing on multiple-level embedded case study research of eight dyadic joint-design alliances and 14 collaborative ventures within them, this study sheds light on how value, in the form of common and private benefits, is created in interorganizational relationships. To do so, I focus on network governance (i.e., interorganizational coordination based on social networks) and its outcomes. As a result, I advance a cross-level model of how a system of reciprocally influencing network-level (i.e., structural) and dyad-level (i.e., relational) social mechanisms affects the propensity of allied organizations to engage in knowledge-intensive activities that yield considerable knowledge-based benefits and strategic outcomes at the alliance and firm levels. I conclude that simultaneous consideration of structural and relational embeddedness can enrich our understanding of network-based forms of organization and their impact on the outcomes of interorganizational cooperation. Although the system of social mechanisms needs to be understood as an interconnected whole, practicing alliance managers are advised to leverage different social mechanisms depending on the specific knowledge benefits they intend to achieve.

The information society and the network organization form the basis for a new business management. Today, we speak of horizontal structures, flexibility in processes, and teamwork. These changes in the global economy have influenced the development of International Business and International Marketing. Moreover, thanks to the Internet, the mass market has become a niche market and companies have more opportunities to access foreign markets. Finally, there are several online tools to potentiate the internationalization of enterprises and brand management, allowing for the construction of long-term relationships with other parts of the supply chain., La economía de la información y la empresa red constituyen la base de una nueva gestión empresarial. Hoy se habla de estructuras horizontales, flexibilidad en los procesos y trabajo en equipo. Estos cambios en la economía global han influido en el desarrollo de los negocios internacionales y en la evolución del marketing internacional. Además, gracias a la Internet el mercado de masas se convierte en un mercado de nichos y las empresas tienen más oportunidades de acceder a los mercados exteriores. Finalmente, existen diversas herramientas en Internet que potencializan la internacionalización de las empresas, y la gestión de la marca, permitiendo la construcción de relaciones a largo plazo con las demás partes de la cadena de suministro.

The information society and the network organization form the basis for a new business management. Today, we speak of horizontal structures, flexibility in processes, and teamwork. These changes in the global economy have influenced the development of International Business and International Marketing. Moreover, thanks to the Internet, the mass market has become a niche market and companies have more opportunities to access foreign markets. Finally, there are several online tools to potentiate the internationalization of enterprises and brand management, allowing for the construction of long-term relationships with other parts of the supply chain., La economía de la información y la empresa red constituyen la base de una nueva gestión empresarial. Hoy se habla de estructuras horizontales, flexibilidad en los procesos y trabajo en equipo. Estos cambios en la economía global han influido en el desarrollo de los negocios internacionales y en la evolución del marketing internacional. Además, gracias a la Internet el mercado de masas se convierte en un mercado de nichos y las empresas tienen más oportunidades de acceder a los mercados exteriores. Finalmente, existen diversas herramientas en Internet que potencializan la internacionalización de las empresas, y la gestión de la marca, permitiendo la construcción de relaciones a largo plazo con las demás partes de la cadena de suministro.

The paper deals with the improvement issues of the profile training for the senior pupils in the cities, towns and regional (rural) municipal units. The optimization principles of profile training are considered, the level approach to its modeling in different municipal and educational environment being given., Статья посвящена проблемам совершенствования организации профильного обучения старших школьников в пределах городов разного статуса и районных (сельских) муниципалитетов. Рассмотрены принципы оптимизации данного вида обучения, представлены уровневые подходы к его моделированию в разных территориально-образовательных условиях.

Sensor nodes in a distributed sensor network can fail due to a variety of reasons, e.g., harsh environmental conditions, sabotage, battery failure, and component wear-out. Since many wireless sensor networks are intended to operate in an unattended manner after deployment, failing nodes cannot be replaced or repaired during field operation. Therefore, by designing the network to be fault-tolerant, we can ensure that a wireless sensor network can perform its surveillance and tracking tasks even when some nodes in the network fail. In this paper, we describe a fault-tolerant self organization scheme that designates a set of backup nodes to replace failed nodes and maintain a backbone for coverage and communication. The proposed scheme does not require a centralized server for monitoring node failures and for designating backup nodes to replace failed nodes. It operates in a fully distributed manner and it requires only localized communication. This scheme has been implemented on top of an energy-efficient self-organization technique for sensor networks. The proposed fault-tolerance-node selection procedure can tolerate a large number of node failures using only localized communication, without losing either sensing coverage or communication connectivity., Pub. in International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, v3, p243-272, 2007. ISSN-1550-1329.

This paper presents ongoing social changes related to the use of ICT. They are analyzed under the headings: workforce, organizational design and structure, psychosocial communication, and work content. A theoretical model entitled 'The Convergence theory on ICT and Psychosocial Life Environment' is described, which reflects main ongoing processes in the Network society encompassing various spheres of life, environments, and human roles. A special section analyzes the ongoing changes in the home and home environment. Social Informatics is discussed related to the model and special attention is devoted to the individual level and humans. Concluding remarks deal with visions and actions. Figures with circles and converging circles are used to illustrate and summarize., QC 20141124

The purposes of this paper are threefold; the first is to analyze the educational problems in the economic globalization, information and internet society. The second is to examine the relationship between professional knowledge and bureaucratic control. The third is to clarify to relationship between "network organization" and "networking" and to examine the application of "networking" for in-service education. Imai and Kaneko proposed the micro-macro -loop of the meaning of information. This proposition seems to have the same dimension with Okatos' culture change theory at micro level. The meanings of "networking" are to understand and interpret the exchanges of the meaning of information. These processes expand the common idea and community at macro level.

Virtual organizations are needed for several purposes and are justified by several reasons. New products, the globalization and internalization of businesses create new kinds of challenges for the management of work processes and practices. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has enabled a decentralization of work and by evolving technologies it has created pressures for new organizational structures and job contents. Future mobile and wireless technologies will revolutionize the working life completely by increasing possibilities to work whenever in any place. It is clear that organizations in both the private and public sector have to redesign themselves to fully utilize these new technologies if they are to survive in the dawning spatially and temporally compressed world. Therefore, the number of virtual organizations increases. This study shows six factors an organization’s management should be aware of before implementing ICT in a network to become a virtual organization. Without considering these factors, there is a large risk that the implementation of the new technique will be a wasted effort or irrelevant since the management hasn’t been conscious of the important factors that explain why the company and its employees like and would prefer to use ICT. This should be illuminated before an implementation since it is a very sensitive phase and an expensive investment., Validerat; 20101217 (root)

This paper presents the latest developments of the Net Man generic framework for the design and operation of distributed manufacturing and supply networks. This framework enables the implementation of specific collaborative strategies, as well as the integration of distributed business processes into a seamless value creation process. This approach, described as a collaborative integration of the business-to-business (B-to-B) interactions, allows the distributed units of a network to exchange information in a coordinated manner and to collaboratively plan, control and manage day-to-day operations and contingencies in a dynamic environment.

Network organization has been described as a difficult concept in organizational science as its practical forms are multiple and disparate; it is therefore important to provide a basis for this assumption. Network organization cannot be meaningful unless it is considered in its related political context; therefore the contours that should be examined are those of the “free-market moment”. This examination will proceed along two lines of argument: i) the reference to the stakeholder theory; ii)the possible connections between “network” and “deliberative democracy”. In this way, network organization can be described as a place for cautious deliberation. JEL Codes: G32, M14