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Globally, 50% of causes of infertility are due to women's conditions, and 30% are due to men's conditions. However, up to 20% of infertility causes are related to both men and women, and in 30% of infertility cases, a cause cannot be identified. In developing countries, especially in areas where the female gender is less valued, a childless woman is likely to be abandoned by her husband and suffer social stigma from the community. Research has clearly shown that the reaction of society to childlessness is much stronger for women than for men. The study's objective was to assess the effect of educational intervention on the knowledge, attitude, and health-seeking behaviour of married men on infertility. The study showed that after 5 weeks, men who received the educational intervention had better knowledge and a favourable attitude regarding infertility. They had also improved health-seeking behaviour and were consulting medical professionals for their reproductive health problems. There is a need to break the silence and stigma of infertility by initiating educational programs for both men and women.

This paper addresses, from a gender perspective, the experience of two men and two women inmates at the Centro de Readaptación Social de Pachuca, Hidalgo, taking into account the reference that they explicitly and implicitly make to the gender stereotypes that they have internalized throughout of their lives and that acquire different meanings in the midst of this experience. The source of information is their testimonies that were analyzed in order to reflect on whether the stage of their imprisonment is thought and lived differently by men and women; what these differences consist of; what consequences they suffer, mainly in the personal and family; why is it that for some people it represents one of the worst stages of their life, while for others, it ́s liberating or gives them the opportunity to rebuild their lives, and if all this is a function of their gender roles, Este artículo aborda, desde una perspectiva de género, la experiencia de dos hombres y dos mujeres internos en el Centro de Readaptación Social de Pachuca, Hidalgo, atendiendo a los estereotipos de género que explícita e implícitamente han interiorizado a lo largo de sus vidas y que adquieren significados diversos en medio de su experiencia. La fuente de información principal son sus testimonios, que fueron analizados con la finalidad de reflexionar lo siguiente: si la etapa de reclusión la piensan y viven de forma diferente hombres y mujeres; en qué consisten estas diferencias y qué con-secuencias resienten en lo personal y en lo familiar; en qué radica que para algunas personas represente una de las peores etapas de su vida, mientras que para otras sea liberadora o les dé la oportunidad de rehacer sus vidas, y si en lo anterior influyen sus roles de género.

This paper addresses, from a gender perspective, the experience of two men and two women inmates at the Centro de Readaptación Social de Pachuca, Hidalgo, taking into account the reference that they explicitly and implicitly make to the gender stereotypes that they have internalized throughout of their lives and that acquire different meanings in the midst of this experience. The source of information is their testimonies that were analyzed in order to reflect on whether the stage of their imprisonment is thought and lived differently by men and women; what these differences consist of; what consequences they suffer, mainly in the personal and family; why is it that for some people it represents one of the worst stages of their life, while for others, it ́s liberating or gives them the opportunity to rebuild their lives, and if all this is a function of their gender roles, Este artículo aborda, desde una perspectiva de género, la experiencia de dos hombres y dos mujeres internos en el Centro de Readaptación Social de Pachuca, Hidalgo, atendiendo a los estereotipos de género que explícita e implícitamente han interiorizado a lo largo de sus vidas y que adquieren significados diversos en medio de su experiencia. La fuente de información principal son sus testimonios, que fueron analizados con la finalidad de reflexionar lo siguiente: si la etapa de reclusión la piensan y viven de forma diferente hombres y mujeres; en qué consisten estas diferencias y qué con-secuencias resienten en lo personal y en lo familiar; en qué radica que para algunas personas represente una de las peores etapas de su vida, mientras que para otras sea liberadora o les dé la oportunidad de rehacer sus vidas, y si en lo anterior influyen sus roles de género.

El faro violeta es un proyecto formado por una página web que incluye un mapa interactivo en el que aparecen diversos puntos marcados como “puntos conflictivos o negativos” en los que se han producido diferentes casos de violencia machista callejera a diferentes mujeres en la provincia de Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). Todos los datos recogidos y publicados en el mapa se han obtenido a través de una encuesta realizada con Formularios Google enviados a un gran número de mujeres que ha ido contestando de forma anónima o indicando su nombre y profesión u ocupación —ya que en los formularios se da esta opción—. La página web también cuenta con el análisis de todos los datos recogidos y obtenidos, unas conclusiones de los mismos, así como con un ciber reportaje que aborda el proyecto de forma más amplia y extensa. También incluye entrevistas a una de las víctimas que ha contestado la encuesta, al medio de comunicación regional ABC Castilla y León y a la Asociación Feminista Foro de Castilla y León. La finalidad de este proyecto es proporcionar ayuda a las mujeres, tanto a aquellas que han sufrido estas situaciones como aquellas que no, y dar voz a las víctimas de esta violencia machista que tiene lugar diariamente en las calles de todas las ciudades y a las que se le da tan poca importancia hoy en día., El faro violeta is a project that is composed by a web that includes an interactive map which shows different “conflictive or negative spots” where maleness situations had happened to different women in Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). All the collected and published data in the map has been obtained through questionaries made with Google Forms that have been sent to many women who have answered anonymously or not, describing their job or occupation and writing their names —in the questionnaires there is an option where women can write these aspects—. The web also includes conclusions and analysis about all the collected data and a cyber write-up which talks about the project more widely. It also includes interviews to a victim who has answered the questionnaire, a regional media — ABC Castilla y León— and a feminist association —Foro Feminista de Castilla y León—. The main goal of this project is to be helpful to every single women, to those who have or haven’t suffered this situations and giving voice to all the victims of this violence that is happening in the streets of every city daily, and which doesn’t get te attention that it deserves., Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad, Grado en Periodismo

El faro violeta es un proyecto formado por una página web que incluye un mapa interactivo en el que aparecen diversos puntos marcados como “puntos conflictivos o negativos” en los que se han producido diferentes casos de violencia machista callejera a diferentes mujeres en la provincia de Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). Todos los datos recogidos y publicados en el mapa se han obtenido a través de una encuesta realizada con Formularios Google enviados a un gran número de mujeres que ha ido contestando de forma anónima o indicando su nombre y profesión u ocupación —ya que en los formularios se da esta opción—. La página web también cuenta con el análisis de todos los datos recogidos y obtenidos, unas conclusiones de los mismos, así como con un ciber reportaje que aborda el proyecto de forma más amplia y extensa. También incluye entrevistas a una de las víctimas que ha contestado la encuesta, al medio de comunicación regional ABC Castilla y León y a la Asociación Feminista Foro de Castilla y León. La finalidad de este proyecto es proporcionar ayuda a las mujeres, tanto a aquellas que han sufrido estas situaciones como aquellas que no, y dar voz a las víctimas de esta violencia machista que tiene lugar diariamente en las calles de todas las ciudades y a las que se le da tan poca importancia hoy en día., El faro violeta is a project that is composed by a web that includes an interactive map which shows different “conflictive or negative spots” where maleness situations had happened to different women in Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). All the collected and published data in the map has been obtained through questionaries made with Google Forms that have been sent to many women who have answered anonymously or not, describing their job or occupation and writing their names —in the questionnaires there is an option where women can write these aspects—. The web also includes conclusions and analysis about all the collected data and a cyber write-up which talks about the project more widely. It also includes interviews to a victim who has answered the questionnaire, a regional media — ABC Castilla y León— and a feminist association —Foro Feminista de Castilla y León—. The main goal of this project is to be helpful to every single women, to those who have or haven’t suffered this situations and giving voice to all the victims of this violence that is happening in the streets of every city daily, and which doesn’t get te attention that it deserves., Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad, Grado en Periodismo

El faro violeta es un proyecto formado por una página web que incluye un mapa interactivo en el que aparecen diversos puntos marcados como “puntos conflictivos o negativos” en los que se han producido diferentes casos de violencia machista callejera a diferentes mujeres en la provincia de Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). Todos los datos recogidos y publicados en el mapa se han obtenido a través de una encuesta realizada con Formularios Google enviados a un gran número de mujeres que ha ido contestando de forma anónima o indicando su nombre y profesión u ocupación —ya que en los formularios se da esta opción—. La página web también cuenta con el análisis de todos los datos recogidos y obtenidos, unas conclusiones de los mismos, así como con un ciber reportaje que aborda el proyecto de forma más amplia y extensa. También incluye entrevistas a una de las víctimas que ha contestado la encuesta, al medio de comunicación regional ABC Castilla y León y a la Asociación Feminista Foro de Castilla y León. La finalidad de este proyecto es proporcionar ayuda a las mujeres, tanto a aquellas que han sufrido estas situaciones como aquellas que no, y dar voz a las víctimas de esta violencia machista que tiene lugar diariamente en las calles de todas las ciudades y a las que se le da tan poca importancia hoy en día., El faro violeta is a project that is composed by a web that includes an interactive map which shows different “conflictive or negative spots” where maleness situations had happened to different women in Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). All the collected and published data in the map has been obtained through questionaries made with Google Forms that have been sent to many women who have answered anonymously or not, describing their job or occupation and writing their names —in the questionnaires there is an option where women can write these aspects—. The web also includes conclusions and analysis about all the collected data and a cyber write-up which talks about the project more widely. It also includes interviews to a victim who has answered the questionnaire, a regional media — ABC Castilla y León— and a feminist association —Foro Feminista de Castilla y León—. The main goal of this project is to be helpful to every single women, to those who have or haven’t suffered this situations and giving voice to all the victims of this violence that is happening in the streets of every city daily, and which doesn’t get te attention that it deserves., Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad, Grado en Periodismo

El faro violeta es un proyecto formado por una página web que incluye un mapa interactivo en el que aparecen diversos puntos marcados como “puntos conflictivos o negativos” en los que se han producido diferentes casos de violencia machista callejera a diferentes mujeres en la provincia de Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). Todos los datos recogidos y publicados en el mapa se han obtenido a través de una encuesta realizada con Formularios Google enviados a un gran número de mujeres que ha ido contestando de forma anónima o indicando su nombre y profesión u ocupación —ya que en los formularios se da esta opción—. La página web también cuenta con el análisis de todos los datos recogidos y obtenidos, unas conclusiones de los mismos, así como con un ciber reportaje que aborda el proyecto de forma más amplia y extensa. También incluye entrevistas a una de las víctimas que ha contestado la encuesta, al medio de comunicación regional ABC Castilla y León y a la Asociación Feminista Foro de Castilla y León. La finalidad de este proyecto es proporcionar ayuda a las mujeres, tanto a aquellas que han sufrido estas situaciones como aquellas que no, y dar voz a las víctimas de esta violencia machista que tiene lugar diariamente en las calles de todas las ciudades y a las que se le da tan poca importancia hoy en día., El faro violeta is a project that is composed by a web that includes an interactive map which shows different “conflictive or negative spots” where maleness situations had happened to different women in Valladolid (elfarovioleta.com). All the collected and published data in the map has been obtained through questionaries made with Google Forms that have been sent to many women who have answered anonymously or not, describing their job or occupation and writing their names —in the questionnaires there is an option where women can write these aspects—. The web also includes conclusions and analysis about all the collected data and a cyber write-up which talks about the project more widely. It also includes interviews to a victim who has answered the questionnaire, a regional media — ABC Castilla y León— and a feminist association —Foro Feminista de Castilla y León—. The main goal of this project is to be helpful to every single women, to those who have or haven’t suffered this situations and giving voice to all the victims of this violence that is happening in the streets of every city daily, and which doesn’t get te attention that it deserves., Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad, Grado en Periodismo

This study aims to seek knowledge about what preschool teachers think about gender issues, and if it affects their work. The study has been performed in a multicultural district in Stockholm. A working party of three teachers, one male and two females, has been interviewed and observed. The empirical material from the interviews and observations has then been analyzed based on theories about gender, femaleness, maleness and cultural behaviour. The result proves that one of the three teachers considers that there are general typical female and male behaviour. One of the three teachers considers that there are differences in the children’s behaviour based on their gender. My observations prove that all the three teachers have some apprehensions about what is to be typical male or female behaviour. One of the three teachers thinks that the differences between her male and female colleagues are a result originating in culture and not gender. To sum up, my result suggests that the three teachers’ respective cultures, affects their idea of maleness and femaleness.

This study aims to seek knowledge about what preschool teachers think about gender issues, and if it affects their work. The study has been performed in a multicultural district in Stockholm. A working party of three teachers, one male and two females, has been interviewed and observed. The empirical material from the interviews and observations has then been analyzed based on theories about gender, femaleness, maleness and cultural behaviour. The result proves that one of the three teachers considers that there are general typical female and male behaviour. One of the three teachers considers that there are differences in the children’s behaviour based on their gender. My observations prove that all the three teachers have some apprehensions about what is to be typical male or female behaviour. One of the three teachers thinks that the differences between her male and female colleagues are a result originating in culture and not gender. To sum up, my result suggests that the three teachers’ respective cultures, affects their idea of maleness and femaleness.

1. Theory predicts that plants that achieve fitness more through male function may be less tolerant of herbivory than those that achieve fitness through the female function. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the degree of infection and damage inflicted by the gall-forming eriophyid mite Aceria macrorhynchus on three different sexual morphs (males, protandrous bisexuals and protogynous bisexuals) of the Mediterranean tree Acer opalus., 2. The dependence of each morph on male function, estimated by registering gender changes over 5 years and quantifying male function, decreased in the order males, protandrous, protogynous., 3. The same decreasing order was found in the degree of gall infection produced by the mite, and in the reduction of photosynthetic rates and shoot growth, but not in the carbon-isotope discrimination caused by the mites., 4. Mites attack the morphs of A. opalus that rely more on the male function more often and more harmfully than they do other morphs. Male-biased herbivory is a selective force that could have been driving the separation of sexes in the genus Acer.