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The greatest problems that has been presented in the world, especially in Colombia, is due to an accelerated population growth generated by the overwhelming increase in migrant circulation or mobility of people due to other causes or eventual situations of nature. These social situations have been significantly affecting the urban order of cities, particularly due to the confinement of the population and the increase in environmental pollution that this increase brings, in addition to unhealthiness, poverty, among other factors. To study population growth based on demographic variables and environmental factors, an Artificial Neural Network was built to carry out a data analysis that incorporated related variables such as CO2 and other pollutants. The purpose was to identify the influence of these toxic agents with the growth of a population. Once the dynamic prediction was verified through the neural network, a mathematical model was built to study a specific case of demographic behavior for a certain Colombian region by means of a Forrester Diagram, where the migratory conditions, birth rate, morbidity, mortality, migratory flow (or mobility of people due to other natural events) and pollutants that affect human health mainly in respiratory diseases. The results delivered predictions and the Forrester Diagram confirming the relationship between toxic agents and demographic aspects., Uno de los grandes problemas que se vienen presentando en el mundo, especialmente Colombia, es debido a un acelerado crecimiento poblacional generado por el aumento desbordado de la circulación migrante o movilidad de personas por otras causas o situaciones eventuales de la naturaleza. Estas situaciones sociales vienen afectando sensiblemente el orden urbanístico de las ciudades, particularmente por el confinamiento de la población y el aumento de la contaminación ambiental que aporta este incremento, además de la insalubridad, pobreza, entre otros factores. Para estudiar el crecimiento poblacional en función de variables demográficas y factores ambientales, se construyó una Red Neuronal Artificial para llevar a cabo un análisis de datos que incorporó variables relacionadas tales como CO2 y otros agentes contaminantes. El propósito fue identificar la influencia de estos agentes tóxicos con el crecimiento de una población. Una vez verificada predicción dinámica mediante la red neuronal, se construyó un modelo matemático para estudiar un caso específico del comportamiento demográfico para una región colombiana por medio de un Diagrama de Forrester bajo condiciones migratorias, natalidad, morbilidad, mortalidad, flujo migratorio (o movilidad de personas debido a otros eventos de la naturaleza) y agentes contaminantes que afectan la salud humana principalmente en enfermedades respiratorias. Los resultados entregaron predicciones y del Diagrama de Forrester constatando relación entre los agentes tóxicos y en los aspectos demográficos.

The greatest problems that has been presented in the world, especially in Colombia, is due to an accelerated population growth generated by the overwhelming increase in migrant circulation or mobility of people due to other causes or eventual situations of nature. These social situations have been significantly affecting the urban order of cities, particularly due to the confinement of the population and the increase in environmental pollution that this increase brings, in addition to unhealthiness, poverty, among other factors. To study population growth based on demographic variables and environmental factors, an Artificial Neural Network was built to carry out a data analysis that incorporated related variables such as CO2 and other pollutants. The purpose was to identify the influence of these toxic agents with the growth of a population. Once the dynamic prediction was verified through the neural network, a mathematical model was built to study a specific case of demographic behavior for a certain Colombian region by means of a Forrester Diagram, where the migratory conditions, birth rate, morbidity, mortality, migratory flow (or mobility of people due to other natural events) and pollutants that affect human health mainly in respiratory diseases. The results delivered predictions and the Forrester Diagram confirming the relationship between toxic agents and demographic aspects., Uno de los grandes problemas que se vienen presentando en el mundo, especialmente Colombia, es debido a un acelerado crecimiento poblacional generado por el aumento desbordado de la circulación migrante o movilidad de personas por otras causas o situaciones eventuales de la naturaleza. Estas situaciones sociales vienen afectando sensiblemente el orden urbanístico de las ciudades, particularmente por el confinamiento de la población y el aumento de la contaminación ambiental que aporta este incremento, además de la insalubridad, pobreza, entre otros factores. Para estudiar el crecimiento poblacional en función de variables demográficas y factores ambientales, se construyó una Red Neuronal Artificial para llevar a cabo un análisis de datos que incorporó variables relacionadas tales como CO2 y otros agentes contaminantes. El propósito fue identificar la influencia de estos agentes tóxicos con el crecimiento de una población. Una vez verificada predicción dinámica mediante la red neuronal, se construyó un modelo matemático para estudiar un caso específico del comportamiento demográfico para una región colombiana por medio de un Diagrama de Forrester bajo condiciones migratorias, natalidad, morbilidad, mortalidad, flujo migratorio (o movilidad de personas debido a otros eventos de la naturaleza) y agentes contaminantes que afectan la salud humana principalmente en enfermedades respiratorias. Los resultados entregaron predicciones y del Diagrama de Forrester constatando relación entre los agentes tóxicos y en los aspectos demográficos.

The greatest problems that has been presented in the world, especially in Colombia, is due to an accelerated population growth generated by the overwhelming increase in migrant circulation or mobility of people due to other causes or eventual situations of nature. These social situations have been significantly affecting the urban order of cities, particularly due to the confinement of the population and the increase in environmental pollution that this increase brings, in addition to unhealthiness, poverty, among other factors. To study population growth based on demographic variables and environmental factors, an Artificial Neural Network was built to carry out a data analysis that incorporated related variables such as CO2 and other pollutants. The purpose was to identify the influence of these toxic agents with the growth of a population. Once the dynamic prediction was verified through the neural network, a mathematical model was built to study a specific case of demographic behavior for a certain Colombian region by means of a Forrester Diagram, where the migratory conditions, birth rate, morbidity, mortality, migratory flow (or mobility of people due to other natural events) and pollutants that affect human health mainly in respiratory diseases. The results delivered predictions and the Forrester Diagram confirming the relationship between toxic agents and demographic aspects., Uno de los grandes problemas que se vienen presentando en el mundo, especialmente Colombia, es debido a un acelerado crecimiento poblacional generado por el aumento desbordado de la circulación migrante o movilidad de personas por otras causas o situaciones eventuales de la naturaleza. Estas situaciones sociales vienen afectando sensiblemente el orden urbanístico de las ciudades, particularmente por el confinamiento de la población y el aumento de la contaminación ambiental que aporta este incremento, además de la insalubridad, pobreza, entre otros factores. Para estudiar el crecimiento poblacional en función de variables demográficas y factores ambientales, se construyó una Red Neuronal Artificial para llevar a cabo un análisis de datos que incorporó variables relacionadas tales como CO2 y otros agentes contaminantes. El propósito fue identificar la influencia de estos agentes tóxicos con el crecimiento de una población. Una vez verificada predicción dinámica mediante la red neuronal, se construyó un modelo matemático para estudiar un caso específico del comportamiento demográfico para una región colombiana por medio de un Diagrama de Forrester bajo condiciones migratorias, natalidad, morbilidad, mortalidad, flujo migratorio (o movilidad de personas debido a otros eventos de la naturaleza) y agentes contaminantes que afectan la salud humana principalmente en enfermedades respiratorias. Los resultados entregaron predicciones y del Diagrama de Forrester constatando relación entre los agentes tóxicos y en los aspectos demográficos.

Современная Россия характеризуется мозаичной семейной структурой и различными подходами к оценке семейной политики. Увеличивается доля незарегистрированных браков, стареет рождаемость, молодежь не всегда ставит целью рождение детей при заключении брака. Среди россиян присутствуют группы, ориентирующиеся на традиционные и современные модели семьи. Оценка стратегий семейной политики зависит от жизненных целей россиян. Эффективная семейная политика должна учитывать многообразие моделей демографического поведения.

Статье анализируются некоторые аспекты демографической политики РФ, связанные с депопуляцией населения в 1990-е гг. прошлого столетия. Используя официальные оценки состояния, целей, задач, средств и трудностей процесса народ сбережения в России в текущие и предстоящие десятилетия, автор выделяет четыре основные противоречия, преодоление которых, по его мнению, обеспечит продуктивное решение поставленных задачхи реализацию намеченных стратегических государственных прожектов: а) неблагополучие экологии здоровьесбережения; б) приоритетность: производства капитала или человека; в) диссонанс межпоколенческих интересов в родительской семье; г) традиции и новации в процессе социализации поколений. Активизацию массового демографического поведения российских семей, в частности, выход отечественного социума в режим расширенного воспроизводства населения, автор связывает, прежде всего, с формированием в сознании молодых людей приоритета устойчивой модели собственной молодой семьи с 2–3 детьми. Опросы, на данные которых опираются автор статьи, проводились им в 2003–2017 гг. в учебных заведениях и на предприятиях как Уральского, так и в других регионов РФ., In article some aspects of population policy of the Russian Federation connected with depopulation of the population in the 90th years of last century are analyzed. Using official estimates of a state, the purposes, tasks, means and difficulties of process of a narodosberezheniye in Russia in the current and forthcoming decades, the author allocates four main contradictions which overcoming, according to him, will provide productively to solve objectives and to realize the planned strategic state pipe dreams. It contradictions: a) «trouble of ecology health-saving»; b) «priority: production of the CAPITAL or production of the PERSON»; c) «a dissonance of intergenerational interests in parental family» and d) «traditions — innovations in the course of socialization of generations». In particular, an exit of domestic society to the mode of expanded reproduction of the population the author connects activization of demographic behavior of the Russian families, first of all, with formation in consciousness of young people of a priority of steady model of own young family with 2–3 children. Polls, on which data are based the author of article, were held by him in 2003–2017 in educational institutions and at the enterprises both in Ural, and to others of regions of the Russian Federation.

This article analyzes some aspects of the youth consciousness in the sphere of family and marriage projective construction. Features the valuable orientations of girls, young men and their parents in the field of the matrimonial relations at the choice of the partner of life and creation their own young family, the birth and education of posterity, preservation of the marriage union. Polls based on the authors were held them in 1999-2016 in the Urals and in the other regions of the Russian Federation. The authors based on the polls which have been conducted by them in 1999-2016 in the Urals and in other regions of the Russian Federation., В статье анализируются некоторые аспекты молодёжного сознания в сфере прожективного семейно-брачного строительства. Выявляются особенности ценностных ориентаций девушек, юношей и их родителей в сфере матримониальных отношений: при выборе спутника жизни и создании собственной молодой семьи, рождении и воспитании потомства, сохранении брачного союза. Опросы, на данные которых опираются авторы статьи, проводились ими в 1999-2017 гг., как на Урале, так и в других регионах РФ.

For at least 500 years, differences in denomination have helped shape social life in Europe. How have religious perspectives influenced the perception of the other, lifestyles, and living conditions? How do we weigh the influence of religion in relation to other social characteristics – and is religion still relevant in modern Europe? This collection of papers in this HSR Forum addresses the role of religious affiliation and belief on demo-graphic and social behavior in the past. Drawing on both qualitative and quan-titative sources, the authors seek to understand how attachment to particular religious denominations shaped the attitudes and behavior of people in a variety of European societies in previous centuries. The papers focus on denominational differences in demographic and economic behavior in Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Poland and Albania. While aware that religion was not the only determinant of differences in thought and behavior, they argue that religion influenced mentalities and actions, especially in societies divided by denomination.

В материалах статьи анализируются причины обострения современной демографической ситуации в крупном промышленном регионе страны. Автор сосредоточил внимание на различных сторонах понятия инерционности демографических процессов в регионе, выделил неоднозначность их трактовок – как скорости социальных изменений репродуктивных установок, трансформации институтов брака и семьи, преобразования условий и качества жизни населения. Последовательно рассмотрены основные социально-экономические условия инерционного замедления естественного прироста населения, снижения уровня дожития в возрастных группах населения трудоспособного возраста в последние полтора года. Отмечено предкризисное состояние воспроизводства населения в регионе в целом., The paper presents the problems of deterioration of the current demographic situation in major industrial region of the country. The author of the report focused on various aspects of the concept of the inertia of demographic processes in the region, highlighted the ambiguity of their interpretations as the speed of social change reproductive systems, transformation of the institutions of marriage and family, conversion conditions and quality of life of the population. The report successively describes the main socio-economic factors of the inertial slowdown of natural population growth, reduced levels of survival in the age groups of the population of working and retirement age in the Sverdlovsk region in the last year and a half, a dysfunctional state proportions of the age pyramid male and female population in urban and rural areas. Attention is drawn to the pre-crisis state of reproduction of the population in the region as a whole. Analyzes the current status of the current population statistics of territorial body of statistics of the Sverdlovsk region on the background of the state of Affairs of the Ural Federal district.

The author analyzes scope, causes and conditions deviations manifestations in the family life of the inhabitants of the Urals on the materials of specific sociological research. The author makes a prediction the development of family relations in the socio-economic destructions of Russian society., На материалах конкретных социологических исследований анализируются масштабы, причины и условия девиантных проявлений в семейной жизни уральцев. Предлагается прогноз развития семейных отношений в условиях социально-экономических деструкций российского социума.

The article discusses the factors reducing the reproduction of population in Perm region during the Great Patriotic War period. Social policies helped to stop the increase in mortality decline and stabilize the natural growth in the region. However, this was facilitated not only social legislation in force, but also the humans’ ability to mobilize all internal reserves, which resulted in the partial adaptation to the war hardships., В статье рассматриваются факторы снижения показателей воспроизводства населения Пермской области в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Проводимая социальная политика позволила остановить рост смертности и стабилизировать снижение естественного прироста в регионе. Однако этому способствовало не только реализуемое социальное законодательство, но и способность человеческого организма к мобилизации всех внутренних резервов, следствием чего стала частичная адаптация к тяготам войны.

Opens a two-way process of influence entrepreneurial attitude and demographic behaviour of households. Enhancing the value of revenue forms of demographic behavior and forces us to reconsider the ratio of households to businesses as a source providing the consumption., Раскрывается двухсторонний процесс воздействия предпринимательского настроя и демографического поведения домохозяйств. Повышение значимости дохода формирует демографическое поведение и заставляет пересматривать отношение домохозяйств к предпринимательству как источнику, обеспечивающему потребление.

The article presents some results of a sociological study of the factors affecting demographic socialization of the population categories responsible for generation reproduction in the territory of Volgograd and the Volgograd Region. The author makes a comparative evaluation of the intensity of the major mass media and information channels and agents’ socializing effect on the mentioned population categories, Представлены некоторые результаты социологического исследования факторов демографической социализации категорий населения, ответственных за воспроизводство поколений на территории г. Волгограда и Волгоградской области. Приводится сравнительная оценка интенсивности социализирующего воздействия на указанные категории населения основных каналов и агентов массовой информации и коммуникации

Certain sociological research results of factors for demographic socialization of the population categories responsible for generative reproduction on the territory of Volgograd and the Volgograd region are presented. Authors present the experts – specialists of the civil registrations (CR) – opinions concerning character, orientation and intensity of matrimonial tendencies of the region population at the age of 21–35 years, and also factors, which they define. It is reported that the experts point out the future couple excessive attention to an official part of marriage registration. It is noted that the desire to organize a beautiful holiday is peculiar to the contemporary young marriage couples, and it is estimated by the experts as one of the main reasons for early divorces. In addition while preparing the celebration young people show inability to find a common language up to mutual aggression, inability to support each other. The experts consider that irresponsible relation to the marriage is confirmed by aspiration of youth to register the relations in certain «happy» dates, and prove that the majority of the marriages registered in these days subsequently are terminated. According to the experts, the transformation of the marriage ceremony into show for guests is influenced by the mass media. The question of the concepts «matrimony» and «partnership» correlation is touched upon, Представлены отдельные результаты социологического исследования факторов демографической социализации категорий населения, ответственных за воспроизводство поколений на территории г. Волгограда и Волгоградской области. Авторами приводятся мнения экспертов – специалистов отделов записей актов гражданского состояния (ЗАГС) – относительно характера, направленности и интенсивности брачно-семейных установок населения региона в возрасте 21–35 лет, а также факторов, их определяющих. Сообщается, что эксперты указывают на чрезмерное внимание будущих супругов к торжественной части регистрации брака. Отмечается, что современным молодым брачным союзам свойственно желание организовать красивый праздник, и это оценивается экспертами как одна из главных причин ранних разводов. При этом в процессе подготовки торжества молодые люди демонстрируют неумение находить общий язык вплоть до взаимной агрессии, неготовность поддерживать друг друга. Эксперты считают, что несерьёзность отношения к браку подтверждается стремлением молодёжи зарегистрировать отношения в определённые «счастливые» даты, и свидетельствуют, что большинство заключенных в эти дни браков впоследствии расторгаются. По мнению экспертов, превращение бракосочетания в шоу для гостей происходит под влиянием СМИ. Затрагивается вопрос о соотношении понятий «супружество» и «партнерство»

La realidad metropolitana de los países desarrollados está experimentando cambios importantes asociados a la creciente separación entre los espacios de residencia y trabajo. En las áreas metropolitanas se dan los procesos de este tipo más complejos cuyas consecuencias territoriales inmediatas son la potenciación de ciertas centralidades a la vez que crecen centros nuevos o tradicionales en sus áreas de influencia. La estructura territorial (la red urbana y de transportes, fundamentalmente) en el Área Metropolitana de Valencia (AMV) incide claramente en los problemas asociados a la equidad social y a la sostenibilidad ambiental. La comunicación que aquí se presenta se centra en el análisis de dichos cambios en la última década, a partir del comportamiento demográfico de los municipios, las pautas generales de movilidad y los cambios en la ocupación del suelo en el AMV., The metropolitan reality of the developed countries is experiencing important changes associated with the increasing separation between the spaces of residence and work. In the metropolitan areas they give themselves the most complex processes of this type which immediate territorial consequences are the enhancement of certain centralities simultaneously to the growth of new or traditional centers in their areas of influence. The territorial structure (the urban and transport network, mainly) in the Metropolitan Area of Valencia (AMV) clearly affects the problems associated with the social equity and with the environmental sustainability. This paper presents the analysis of the above mentioned changes during the last decade, based on the demographic behavior of the municipalities, the general guidelines of mobility and the changes on the land occupation in the AMV.

La realidad metropolitana de los países desarrollados está experimentando cambios importantes asociados a la creciente separación entre los espacios de residencia y trabajo. En las áreas metropolitanas se dan los procesos de este tipo más complejos cuyas consecuencias territoriales inmediatas son la potenciación de ciertas centralidades a la vez que crecen centros nuevos o tradicionales en sus áreas de influencia. La estructura territorial (la red urbana y de transportes, fundamentalmente) en el Área Metropolitana de Valencia (AMV) incide claramente en los problemas asociados a la equidad social y a la sostenibilidad ambiental. La comunicación que aquí se presenta se centra en el análisis de dichos cambios en la última década, a partir del comportamiento demográfico de los municipios, las pautas generales de movilidad y los cambios en la ocupación del suelo en el AMV., The metropolitan reality of the developed countries is experiencing important changes associated with the increasing separation between the spaces of residence and work. In the metropolitan areas they give themselves the most complex processes of this type which immediate territorial consequences are the enhancement of certain centralities simultaneously to the growth of new or traditional centers in their areas of influence. The territorial structure (the urban and transport network, mainly) in the Metropolitan Area of Valencia (AMV) clearly affects the problems associated with the social equity and with the environmental sustainability. This paper presents the analysis of the above mentioned changes during the last decade, based on the demographic behavior of the municipalities, the general guidelines of mobility and the changes on the land occupation in the AMV.

We make use of a uniquely detailed and voluminous longitudinal, individual and household-level dataset from rural Liaoning in northeast China during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to compare the role of communities, kin networks, and households in determining individual social and demographic outcomes in late imperial China. We assess the importance of each level of social organization by examining how individual chances of attainment, fertility, marriage, and mortality were correlated with rates at the level of the household, the household group, the descent group, and the village. We then examine relations across outcomes by measuring how individual chances for each outcome were associated with rates for other outcomes at each of the four levels of social organization. Results indicate that each level of organization was important in the sense that clustering was apparent, though the precise pattern of associations varied by outcome. Finally, motivated by recent results for contemporary China that suggest that villages dominated by single kin groups or small numbers of kin groups have better provision of public goods (Tsai 2004), we carry out a preliminary assessment of the importance of

We make use of a uniquely detailed and voluminous longitudinal, individual and household-level dataset from rural Liaoning in northeast China during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to compare the role of communities, kin networks, and households in determining individual social and demographic outcomes in late imperial China. We assess the importance of each level of social organization by examining how individual chances of attainment, fertility, marriage, and mortality were correlated with rates at the level of the household, the household group, the descent group, and the village. We then examine relations across outcomes by measuring how individual chances for each outcome were associated with rates for other outcomes at each of the four levels of social organization. Results indicate that each level of organization was important in the sense that clustering was apparent, though the precise pattern of associations varied by outcome. Finally, motivated by recent results for contemporary China that suggest that villages dominated by single kin groups or small numbers of kin groups have better provision of public goods (Tsai 2004), we carry out a preliminary assessment of the importance of

We make use of a uniquely detailed and voluminous longitudinal, individual and household-level dataset from rural Liaoning in northeast China during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to compare the role of communities, kin networks, and households in determining individual social and demographic outcomes in late imperial China. We assess the importance of each level of social organization by examining how individual chances of attainment, fertility, marriage, and mortality were correlated with rates at the level of the household, the household group, the descent group, and the village. We then examine relations across outcomes by measuring how individual chances for each outcome were associated with rates for other outcomes at each of the four levels of social organization. Results indicate that each level of organization was important in the sense that clustering was apparent, though the precise pattern of associations varied by outcome. Finally, motivated by recent results for contemporary China that suggest that villages dominated by single kin groups or small numbers of kin groups have better provision of public goods (Tsai 2004), we carry out a preliminary assessment of the importance of