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The volume aims at a conceptualisation of the relations between postcolonial theory and crisis, while also looking at the crisis of postcolonialism and the ways in which it can respond to contemporary issues. It seeks to understand, situate, and analyse postcolonial theory in the face of neo-liberalism, neo-imperialism, and neo-colonialism – the relation between ‘post’ and the increasing use of ‘neo’ is in itself part and parcel of the question. The volume is organised in four sections, each containing four chapters. Even though all the chapters present a reflection on Postcolonial Theory and Crisis, some focus more specifically on aspects of the crisis in a global perspective such as humanitarian crisis and the role of mediatisation of conflicts, to issues related to human rights, refugees, migrancy, environmental crisis to questions of memory and postmemory as well as the critique of art and utopian thought. The questions posed are addressed at both a conceptual and theoretical level, alongside the analysis of specific case studies.

In the millennial transition the prefix ‘post’ had come to signify more and more not just the realisation of a ‘coming after’ but also of the impossibility of not seeing the present as still very much working through the wounds of the past. Yet with the appearance of pseudo-concepts such as ‘post-truth’ after an equally imaginary ‘death of History’, the logic of the ‘post’, itself always already under questioning, may appear to have outlived its usefulness. How to make sense of postcolonial theory in Europe in the present? One way might be to renew its significance as world conflicts have entered a new ‘post-imperial phase’ with the return of ideologies of empire in various parts of the world. The essays in this volume address those questions at both a conceptual, theoretical level, and through the analysis of specific case studies. In the Introduction Paulo de Medeiros and Sandra Ponzanesi review the main questions outlined above in relation to the current debates in the Humanities from their respective disciplinary perspectives. The volume is organised in four sections, each containing four chapters. Even though all the chapters present a reflection on Postcolonial Theory and Crisis, some focus more specifically on aspects of the crisis in a global perspective such as humanitarian crisis and the role of mediatization of conflicts, to issues related to human rights, refugees, migrancy, environmental crisis to questions of memory and postmemory as well as the critique of art and utopian thought

This is the first book to analyse the Mozambican modern ghost story, establishing the genre’s unique characteristics, situating it in a transnational context, and distinguishing it from other supernatural traditions. The study discusses why it emerged in different historical moments in Mozambican literature and how it was adapted in the process. Relying on a combination of short and close readings, this book offers a large scope spanning almost two centuries. It examines works of prominent and less prominent Mozambican authors – including Campos de Oliveira, Orlando Mendes, Mia Couto, Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa, and Paulina Chiziane – to discuss the relation of the Mozambican modern ghost story to colonial capitalism, the neoliberalism of the 1980s, and the globalization and world-literature debates of the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries.

This is the first book to analyse the Mozambican modern ghost story, establishing the genre’s unique characteristics, situating it in a transnational context, and distinguishing it from other supernatural traditions. The study discusses why it emerged in different historical moments in Mozambican literature and how it was adapted in the process. Relying on a combination of short and close readings, this book offers a large scope spanning almost two centuries. It examines works of prominent and less prominent Mozambican authors – including Campos de Oliveira, Orlando Mendes, Mia Couto, Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa, and Paulina Chiziane – to discuss the relation of the Mozambican modern ghost story to colonial capitalism, the neoliberalism of the 1980s, and the globalization and world-literature debates of the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries.

This volume investigates literary and cinematographic narratives from Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and Sao Tome and Principe, analysing the different ways in which social and cultural experience is represented in postcolonial contexts. It continues and completes the exploration of the postcolonial imaginary and identity of Portuguese-speaking Africa presented in the earlier volume Narrating the Postcolonial Nation: Mapping Angola and Mozambique (2014). Memory, history, migration and diaspora are core notions in the recreation and reconceptualization of the nation and its identities in Capeverdian, Guinean and Saotomean literary and cinematographic culture. Acknowledging that the idea of the postcolonial nation intersects with other social, political, cultural and historical categories, this book scrutinizes written and visual representations of the nation from a wide range of inter- and transdisciplinary perspectives, including literary and film studies, gender studies, sociology, and post-colonial and cultural studies. It makes a valuable contribution to current debates on postcolonialism, nation and identity in these former Portuguese colonies.

This volume investigates literary and cinematographic narratives from Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and Sao Tome and Principe, analysing the different ways in which social and cultural experience is represented in postcolonial contexts. It continues and completes the exploration of the postcolonial imaginary and identity of Portuguese-speaking Africa presented in the earlier volume Narrating the Postcolonial Nation: Mapping Angola and Mozambique (2014). Memory, history, migration and diaspora are core notions in the recreation and reconceptualization of the nation and its identities in Capeverdian, Guinean and Saotomean literary and cinematographic culture. Acknowledging that the idea of the postcolonial nation intersects with other social, political, cultural and historical categories, this book scrutinizes written and visual representations of the nation from a wide range of inter- and transdisciplinary perspectives, including literary and film studies, gender studies, sociology, and post-colonial and cultural studies. It makes a valuable contribution to current debates on postcolonialism, nation and identity in these former Portuguese colonies.

Close to half a century after their end, the colonial wars Portugal waged in a desperate and doomed attempt to hold on to its African colonies in 1974 remain still largely unprocessed. This article examines the multiple silences surrounding the colonial wars and the 25th April Revolution in Portugal drawing from the concept of postmemory and the notion of a traumatic past whose wounds have never healed. It argues that silence in the end does nothing more than allow those open wounds to go on festering. The combined silence over the dictatorship and the colonial wars was never more than a mild palliative, yet another self-delusion the nation allowed itself as it attempted to put on its new European costume. The article focuses on two films, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) and Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), their differences and their similarities, singling out the work of postmemory evident in the scenes with Belmira Monteiro and her granddaughter in the former. --- Original in English., Close to half a century after their end, the colonial wars Portugal waged in a desperate and doomed attempt to hold on to its African colonies in 1974 remain still largely unprocessed. This article examines the multiple silences surrounding the colonial wars and the 25th April Revolution in Portugal drawing from the concept of postmemory and the notion of a traumatic past whose wounds have never healed. It argues that silence in the end does nothing more than allow those open wounds to go on festering. The combined silence over the dictatorship and the colonial wars was never more than a mild palliative, yet another self-delusion the nation allowed itself as it attempted to put on its new European costume. The article focuses on two films, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) and Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), their differences and their similarities, singling out the work of postmemory evident in the scenes with Belmira Monteiro and her granddaughter in the former. ------------------------------------------------------------ O RESGATE DA MEMÓRIA: SILÊNCIOS, PÓS-MEMÓRIA, CINEMA Passados quase cinquenta anos depois do seu fim em 1974, as guerras coloniais que Portugal travou em África numa tentativa desesperada e condenada ao fracasso de assegurar o domínio das suas colónias, continuam ainda por processar devidamente. Este artigo examina os silêncios múltiplos ao redor das guerras coloniais e da Revolução de 25 de Abril em Portugal a partir do conceito de pós-memória e da noção de um passado traumático cujas chagas nunca sararam. Avança a sugestão de o silêncio manter essas feridas em aberto. O silêncio combinado que recaiu sobre a ditadura e as guerras coloniais nunca foi mais que um paliativo suave, mais uma das ilusões que a nação se permitiu para melhor vestir o seu novo traje Europeu. Este artigo debruça-se sobre dois filmes, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) e Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), as suas diferenças e sem

Close to half a century after their end, the colonial wars Portugal waged in a desperate and doomed attempt to hold on to its African colonies in 1974 remain still largely unprocessed. This article examines the multiple silences surrounding the colonial wars and the 25th April Revolution in Portugal drawing from the concept of postmemory and the notion of a traumatic past whose wounds have never healed. It argues that silence in the end does nothing more than allow those open wounds to go on festering. The combined silence over the dictatorship and the colonial wars was never more than a mild palliative, yet another self-delusion the nation allowed itself as it attempted to put on its new European costume. The article focuses on two films, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) and Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), their differences and their similarities, singling out the work of postmemory evident in the scenes with Belmira Monteiro and her granddaughter in the former. --- Original in English., Close to half a century after their end, the colonial wars Portugal waged in a desperate and doomed attempt to hold on to its African colonies in 1974 remain still largely unprocessed. This article examines the multiple silences surrounding the colonial wars and the 25th April Revolution in Portugal drawing from the concept of postmemory and the notion of a traumatic past whose wounds have never healed. It argues that silence in the end does nothing more than allow those open wounds to go on festering. The combined silence over the dictatorship and the colonial wars was never more than a mild palliative, yet another self-delusion the nation allowed itself as it attempted to put on its new European costume. The article focuses on two films, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) and Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), their differences and their similarities, singling out the work of postmemory evident in the scenes with Belmira Monteiro and her granddaughter in the former. ------------------------------------------------------------ O RESGATE DA MEMÓRIA: SILÊNCIOS, PÓS-MEMÓRIA, CINEMA Passados quase cinquenta anos depois do seu fim em 1974, as guerras coloniais que Portugal travou em África numa tentativa desesperada e condenada ao fracasso de assegurar o domínio das suas colónias, continuam ainda por processar devidamente. Este artigo examina os silêncios múltiplos ao redor das guerras coloniais e da Revolução de 25 de Abril em Portugal a partir do conceito de pós-memória e da noção de um passado traumático cujas chagas nunca sararam. Avança a sugestão de o silêncio manter essas feridas em aberto. O silêncio combinado que recaiu sobre a ditadura e as guerras coloniais nunca foi mais que um paliativo suave, mais uma das ilusões que a nação se permitiu para melhor vestir o seu novo traje Europeu. Este artigo debruça-se sobre dois filmes, Inês de Medeiros’ Cartas a uma Ditadura (2006) e Ivo M. Ferreira’s Cartas da Guerra (2016), as suas diferenças e sem

Regina Carmen Espósito,1 Paulo Jose de Medeiros,2 Fernando de Souza Silva,3 Antonio Gouveia Oliveira,4 Cícero Flávio Soares Aragão,4 Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha,5 Sueli Aparecida Moreira,6 Valéria Soraya de Farias Sales1 1Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Development in Innovation Technogical in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; 2Division of Urology, Department of Integrated Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; 3Urology Clinic University of Hospital Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; 4Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande of Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; 5Department of Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; 6Hideas Feeding and Nutritional Security Research Group, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an aggregation of risk factors associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all-cause mortality. Information on MetS prevalence is scarce in the northeast region, Brazil. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of MetS according to different diagnostic criteria in a community sample of men during the November Blue Campaign living in the metropolitan area of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on 500 men aged 40 years or older invited by the Blue November Campaign of 2015, an awareness program aimed at the prevention of male diseases. The evaluation included blood pressure, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and waist circumference), fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid profile. The diagnosis of MetS wa

This study describes the colleters of Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae) by using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Two different developmental stages were characterized as well as the chemical composition of secretion. Colleters are secretory structures that produce mucilage protecting the meristems and leaf primordia against desiccation and/or pathogens. Although these secretory structures are common on Rubiaceae, the results reported here is to the best of our knowledge the first record of colleters on Morinda genus. Colleters are present at the stipule adaxial surface, distributed in lines. These secretory structures are standard type and have no base constriction, differently from all studied species until now. In order to better understand the colleters structure and secretion, two phases were distinguished: a secretory phase and a senescence one. On secretory phase standard type colleters were visualized between leaf primordia and stipule, emerge on secretion. They present smooth surface, however was also possible to observe the contours of secretory cells anticlinal walls. In senescent phase colleters morphology was alternated exhibiting rough surface and blunt to point tips. The surface was rough and on stipule sections was possible to observe idioblasts with raphides bundles. The secretion process of M. citrifolia colleters occurs with the disruption of cuticle and the chemical elements are mostly dominated by carbon and oxygen.

A ridged policy aimed to exclude non-EU migrants from the European Union can corrode the Union’s foundations. It turns migrants into metaphorical, haunting ghosts and leads to hysterical repression. Also, it causes the Union’s policies to be inconsistent, unpredictable and therefore unreliable. Here, we analyze what these policies are, where they come from, how they function and who, if not the EU, profits from them. We uncover a friction between the EU and its Members, caused by the discrepancy in the goals they try to realize. To explain this and to think beyond it we suggest seeing the EU as psychoanalytical subject.

A ridged policy aimed to exclude non-EU migrants from the European Union can corrode the Union’s foundations. It turns migrants into metaphorical, haunting ghosts and leads to hysterical repression. Also, it causes the Union’s policies to be inconsistent, unpredictable and therefore unreliable. Here, we analyze what these policies are, where they come from, how they function and who, if not the EU, profits from them. We uncover a friction between the EU and its Members, caused by the discrepancy in the goals they try to realize. To explain this and to think beyond it we suggest seeing the EU as psychoanalytical subject.

Artiklen beskæftiger sig med den såkaldte kolonilitteraturs status og manglende tilstedeværelse i den portugisiske litteraturhistorie. Det hævdes, at denne litteratur rummer potentiale for videre forskning; både i kraft af sin litterære-æstetiske værdi (hvor tvivlsom den end måtte være) og i kraft af sit ideologiske indhold, der på interessant vis synes at spejle den portugisiske koloniserings indre ambivalenser. Et eksempel er udfoldet i form af en læsning af Rodrigo Juniors værk.

Artiklen beskæftiger sig med den såkaldte kolonilitteraturs status og manglende tilstedeværelse i den portugisiske litteraturhistorie. Det hævdes, at denne litteratur rummer potentiale for videre forskning; både i kraft af sin litterære-æstetiske værdi (hvor tvivlsom den end måtte være) og i kraft af sit ideologiske indhold, der på interessant vis synes at spejle den portugisiske koloniserings indre ambivalenser. Et eksempel er udfoldet i form af en læsning af Rodrigo Juniors værk.

Cosmopolitanism has been a topic of debate for quite some time. The concept has had many different meanings, and been used in a variety of ways. As part of this discussion cosmopolitan education came about, as a means to educate the young people to be cosmopolitan citizens in a global world. By educating the young minds about the other places of this world, about the politics, culture and other aspects, they will be more associated with other world citizens. However, whether it is desirable and realistic to implement cosmopolitan education is a whole other question. Nowadays the world is very diverse and integrated; this situation is mirrored in the classroom where many different cultures are taught together. This thesis looks at to what extent cosmopolitan education is implemented in the current secondary state-schools in England in order to deal with this diversity. Through a comparative literature analysis, and one interview to clarify and support the main argument, the desirability and implementation of cosmopolitan education will be researched. This showed that it is not desirable that all children should turn out to be cosmopolitans. However, they should be granted the option. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration the cosmopolitan perspective. Governments and educational institutions should strive for a better balance between national and global issues taught at school.

Cosmopolitanism has been a topic of debate for quite some time. The concept has had many different meanings, and been used in a variety of ways. As part of this discussion cosmopolitan education came about, as a means to educate the young people to be cosmopolitan citizens in a global world. By educating the young minds about the other places of this world, about the politics, culture and other aspects, they will be more associated with other world citizens. However, whether it is desirable and realistic to implement cosmopolitan education is a whole other question. Nowadays the world is very diverse and integrated; this situation is mirrored in the classroom where many different cultures are taught together. This thesis looks at to what extent cosmopolitan education is implemented in the current secondary state-schools in England in order to deal with this diversity. Through a comparative literature analysis, and one interview to clarify and support the main argument, the desirability and implementation of cosmopolitan education will be researched. This showed that it is not desirable that all children should turn out to be cosmopolitans. However, they should be granted the option. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration the cosmopolitan perspective. Governments and educational institutions should strive for a better balance between national and global issues taught at school.