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The inclusion of brown rice flour (BRF), kale powder, and Pithecellobium dulce extract (PDE) in noodle preparation presents an opportunity for creating a nutritionally rich product, enriched with higher dietary fiber and essential minerals such as Ca, Mg, and Fe. This approach not only enhances the nutritional profile but also offers potential health benefits for individuals, particularly those with diabetes and cardiovascular concerns. The objective of this study was to develop nutrient-rich noodles by supplementing them with BRF, with wheat flour being replaced by 30%, 40%, and 50% BRF, while also adding 5% kale powder and 2% PDE. Various attributes including physical (cooking time, water absorption, cooking loss), chemical (proximate composition, total phenolic content, DPPH), textural (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness), and sensory (color, taste, flavor, appearance, texture, overall acceptability) were evaluated. Optimal cooking time was determined to be 10 minutes, with a cooking loss ranging from 12.6% to 15.6%. The diameter of the noodles increased proportionally with higher levels of BRF incorporation. In addition, compared to the control sample, the improved noodles showed higher levels of ash, crude fibre, mineral matter, phenolic content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity). The addition of BRF also resulted in increased hardness and chewiness of the noodles, qualities which were favored by sensory panelists. Sensory evaluations indicated that a maximum of 40% BRF integration was optimal to achieve desired overall acceptability.

The paper presents the three years efficiency results (2011-2013) of the work and ways of harvesting (three types of mowers, with or without spreading the forage) influencing the quality of the forage (the content of crude protein and crude fiber) during the three days drying process. These results indicate that the harvesting method can strongly affect the work efficiency, energy consumption, the forage drying intensity and the quality of forage used for hay and haylage preparation. The best quality of the forage was achieved when a drum rotating mower POTTINGER CAT 185 was used. Negative correlation was found between content of crude protein and the crude fibre content, depending on the type of mower, varying in the range between r= -0.978 and r= -0.882 (POTTINGER CAT 185 r= -0.882 P lt = 0.05 to JF STOLL SB 200 r= -0.978 P lt = 0.001).

The paper presents the three years efficiency results (2011-2013) of the work and ways of harvesting (three types of mowers, with or without spreading the forage) influencing the quality of the forage (the content of crude protein and crude fiber) during the three days drying process. These results indicate that the harvesting method can strongly affect the work efficiency, energy consumption, the forage drying intensity and the quality of forage used for hay and haylage preparation. The best quality of the forage was achieved when a drum rotating mower PÖTTINGER CAT 185 was used. Negative correlation was found between content of crude protein and the crude fibre content, depending on the type of mower, varying in the range between r= -0.978 and r= -0.882 (PÖTTINGER CAT 185 r= -0.882 P≤0.05 to JF STOLL SB 200 r= -0.978 P≤0.001).

The paper presents the three years efficiency results (2011-2013) of the work and ways of harvesting (three types of mowers, with or without spreading the forage) influencing the quality of the forage (the content of crude protein and crude fiber) during the three days drying process. These results indicate that the harvesting method can strongly affect the work efficiency, energy consumption, the forage drying intensity and the quality of forage used for hay and haylage preparation. The best quality of the forage was achieved when a drum rotating mower POTTINGER CAT 185 was used. Negative correlation was found between content of crude protein and the crude fibre content, depending on the type of mower, varying in the range between r= -0.978 and r= -0.882 (POTTINGER CAT 185 r= -0.882 P lt = 0.05 to JF STOLL SB 200 r= -0.978 P lt = 0.001).

A experiment was conducted to evaluate the substitution of the crude protein from the ration for the protein from crambe (Crambe abyssinica) meal on the performance of broilers in starter phase (eight to 21 days). A total of 420 male chicks of the Cobb strain were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and four replications of 21 broilers each. The experimental treatments consisted of a control diet without the crambe meal and other substitution of protein from ration for crude protein from crambe meal in levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. There was no significant effect for the feed conversion of the chickens, however, there was a decreasing linear effect for feed intake and weight gain of the birds, to the extent that crambe protein replaced the protein ration. A Reduction in the feed intake at 10, 15 and 20% levels of protein substitution was observed. For the weight gain, the lowest values observed were for the 15 and 20% replacement levels, whereas the levels of 5 and 10% did not differ in relation to the control treatment. Therefore, it can be recommended to replace the crambe meal in the feed level of 10% without negatively influencing the weight gain of broilers., Um experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a substituição da proteína da ração pela proteína do farelo de crambe (Crambe abyssinica) sobre o desempenho dos frangos de corte na fase inicial (oito a 21 dias). Foram utilizados 420 pintos machos da linhagem Cobb 500®, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições de 21 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos experimentais constituíram de uma ração testemunha sem o farelo de crambe e os demais pela substituição da proteína da ração nos níveis de 5, 10, 15 e 20%. Não houve efeito significativo para conversão alimentar dos frangos, no entanto, observou-se efeito linear decrescente para o consumo de ração e o ganho de peso das aves, à medida que a proteína do crambe substituiu a proteína da ração. Verificou-se redução do consumo de ração aos níveis de 10, 15 e 20% de substituição da proteína. Para o ganho de peso, os menores valores observados foram para os níveis de 15 e 20% de substituição, enquanto que os níveis de 5 e 10% não diferiram em relação ao tratamento testemunha. Portanto, recomenda-se a substituição do farelo de crambe na ração até o nível de 10% por não influenciar negativamente no ganho de peso dos frangos de corte.

Peumus boldus is an endemic Chilean tree whose edible fruit lack a history of scientific research. The aim of this study was to determine its nutritional composition (moisture, ash, crude fiber, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) and polyphenolic content (total phenolic content, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS/MS analysis) at different stages of development. The results show that the fruit decreased in ash, crude fiber and total phenolic content throughout its development, while its carbohydrate and protein content increased. An increase in phenolic molecules such as catechin and epicatechin was also observed. This is the first report on the nutritional composition and phenolic content of Peumus boldus Mol. fruits., Peumus boldus es un árbol endémico de Chile cuyos frutos comestibles no han sido investigados científicamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar su composición nutricional (humedad, cenizas, fibra cruda, proteínas, carbohidratos y lípidos) y su contenido polifenólico (contenido de fenoles totales, análisis HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS / MS) en diferentes etapas de desarrollo. Los resultados mostraron que los frutos disminuyeron en cenizas, fibra cruda y el contenido fenólico total a lo largo de su desarrollo; mientras que su contenido de carbohidratos y proteínas aumentó. También se observó un incremento en algunos flavonoides tales como catequina y epicatequina. Este es el primer informe de la composición nutricional y contenido fenólico de los frutos de Peumus boldus Mol.

A experiment was conducted to evaluate the substitution of the crude protein from the ration for the protein from crambe (Crambe abyssinica) meal on the performance of broilers in starter phase (eight to 21 days). A total of 420 male chicks of the Cobb strain were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and four replications of 21 broilers each. The experimental treatments consisted of a control diet without the crambe meal and other substitution of protein from ration for crude protein from crambe meal in levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. There was no significant effect for the feed conversion of the chickens, however, there was a decreasing linear effect for feed intake and weight gain of the birds, to the extent that crambe protein replaced the protein ration. A Reduction in the feed intake at 10, 15 and 20% levels of protein substitution was observed. For the weight gain, the lowest values observed were for the 15 and 20% replacement levels, whereas the levels of 5 and 10% did not differ in relation to the control treatment. Therefore, it can be recommended to replace the crambe meal in the feed level of 10% without negatively influencing the weight gain of broilers., Um experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a substituição da proteína da ração pela proteína do farelo de crambe (Crambe abyssinica) sobre o desempenho dos frangos de corte na fase inicial (oito a 21 dias). Foram utilizados 420 pintos machos da linhagem Cobb 500®, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições de 21 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos experimentais constituíram de uma ração testemunha sem o farelo de crambe e os demais pela substituição da proteína da ração nos níveis de 5, 10, 15 e 20%. Não houve efeito significativo para conversão alimentar dos frangos, no entanto, observou-se efeito linear decrescente para o consumo de ração e o ganho de peso das aves, à medida que a proteína do crambe substituiu a proteína da ração. Verificou-se redução do consumo de ração aos níveis de 10, 15 e 20% de substituição da proteína. Para o ganho de peso, os menores valores observados foram para os níveis de 15 e 20% de substituição, enquanto que os níveis de 5 e 10% não diferiram em relação ao tratamento testemunha. Portanto, recomenda-se a substituição do farelo de crambe na ração até o nível de 10% por não influenciar negativamente no ganho de peso dos frangos de corte.

Peumus boldus is an endemic Chilean tree whose edible fruit lack a history of scientific research. The aim of this study was to determine its nutritional composition (moisture, ash, crude fiber, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) and polyphenolic content (total phenolic content, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS/MS analysis) at different stages of development. The results show that the fruit decreased in ash, crude fiber and total phenolic content throughout its development, while its carbohydrate and protein content increased. An increase in phenolic molecules such as catechin and epicatechin was also observed. This is the first report on the nutritional composition and phenolic content of Peumus boldus Mol. fruits., Peumus boldus es un árbol endémico de Chile cuyos frutos comestibles no han sido investigados científicamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar su composición nutricional (humedad, cenizas, fibra cruda, proteínas, carbohidratos y lípidos) y su contenido polifenólico (contenido de fenoles totales, análisis HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS / MS) en diferentes etapas de desarrollo. Los resultados mostraron que los frutos disminuyeron en cenizas, fibra cruda y el contenido fenólico total a lo largo de su desarrollo; mientras que su contenido de carbohidratos y proteínas aumentó. También se observó un incremento en algunos flavonoides tales como catequina y epicatequina. Este es el primer informe de la composición nutricional y contenido fenólico de los frutos de Peumus boldus Mol.

Throughout the world, flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is often grown in Zn-deficient soils, but appropriate fertilizer management can optimize both crop yield and micronutrient content. A greenhouse experiment was conducted on Typic Haploxeralf (pH 6.1) and Typic Calcixerept (pH 8.1) soils to study the relative efficiency of chelated Zn using two application rates of three different Zn sources [Zn-EDDHSA, ethylenediamine-di-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenylacetate of Zn); Zn-HEDTA, N-2-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetate of Zn; and Zn-EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetate of Zn]. Dry matter /DM) yield, Zn concentration, chlorophyll content, crude fiber and tensile properties were monitored and the soil-Zn status (available-Zn, Zn-fractions and total-Zn) was assessed. Zinc chelate applications increased the most labile forms of Zn in soils and Zn concentrations in plants. The low rate of Zn generally had a beneficial effect on DM yield and tensile properties. The exception was Zn-EDTA in the weakly acidic soil, where the highest Zn concentrations were observed in leaves and whole shoots; this coincided with the largest concentrations of labile Zn in soil. The most efficient fertilizers were Zn-EDDHSA (in both soils) and Zn-EDTA (in the calcareous soil). The relatively large amounts of labile and available Zn present in both of the soils fertilized with Zn-EDTA points to the applying this chelate at lower rate than 5 mg Zn/kg; this should, in turn, reduce the cost of Zn fertilization and minimize environmental pollution risk.

Throughout the world, flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is often grown in Zn-deficient soils, but appropriate fertilizer management can optimize both crop yield and micronutrient content. A greenhouse experiment was conducted on Typic Haploxeralf (pH 6.1) and Typic Calcixerept (pH 8.1) soils to study the relative efficiency of chelated Zn using two application rates of three different Zn sources [Zn-EDDHSA, ethylenediamine-di-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenylacetate of Zn); Zn-HEDTA, N-2-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetate of Zn; and Zn-EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetate of Zn]. Dry matter /DM) yield, Zn concentration, chlorophyll content, crude fiber and tensile properties were monitored and the soil-Zn status (available-Zn, Zn-fractions and total-Zn) was assessed. Zinc chelate applications increased the most labile forms of Zn in soils and Zn concentrations in plants. The low rate of Zn generally had a beneficial effect on DM yield and tensile properties. The exception was Zn-EDTA in the weakly acidic soil, where the highest Zn concentrations were observed in leaves and whole shoots; this coincided with the largest concentrations of labile Zn in soil. The most efficient fertilizers were Zn-EDDHSA (in both soils) and Zn-EDTA (in the calcareous soil). The relatively large amounts of labile and available Zn present in both of the soils fertilized with Zn-EDTA points to the applying this chelate at lower rate than 5 mg Zn/kg; this should, in turn, reduce the cost of Zn fertilization and minimize environmental pollution risk.

Teoretická část diplomové práce charakterizuje cibuli, její různé druhy, složení a zdravotní účinky. Popisuje metody stanovení vybraných analytických parametrů. Praktická část je zaměřena na stanovení sušiny, rozpustné sušiny, celkového obsahu kyselin, hrubé vlákniny, polyfenolických látek metodou s Folin-Ciocaulteuovým činidlem a antioxidační aktivity s DPPH u vybraných druhů cibule (žluté, bílé, červené, růžové a šalotky)., The theoretical part of the thesis characterizes onions, their types and composition, and health profits of onion consumption. Methods for the determination of selected analytical parameters are also described. The practical part is focused on the determination of the content of dry matter, reflective index, total acidity, crude fiber, polyphenols with Folin-Ciocaulteu agent, and antioxidant activity with DPPH, for selected types of onions (yellow, white, red, pink and shallots)., Ústav analýzy a chemie potravin, obhájeno

Diplomová práce se zabývá stravitelností a obsahem vlákniny ve vybraných druzích fazolí. Teoretická část diplomové práce charakterizuje vybrané druhy fazolí, jejich chemické složení a význam ve výživě člověka. Také je zde definována vláknina, její chemické složení, rozdělení podle rozpustnosti ve vodě, vlastnosti a fyziologický význam. Poslední dvě kapitoly jsou pak věnovány trávicímu traktu a trávení základních živin včetně působení trávicích enzymů. Praktická část je zaměřena na stanovení obsahu vlhkosti, popele, neutrálně-detergentní a hrubé vlákniny (pomocí přístroje ANKOM220 Fiber Analyzer) a stravitelnosti (pomocí inkubátoru Daisy II po vzájemné hydrolýze proteolytickými enzymy pepsinem a pankreatinem) v 10 vybraných druzích fazolí. Při analýze obsahu vlákniny bylo zjištěno, že nejvyšší průměrný obsah jak neutrálně-detergentní tak hrubé vlákniny byl stanoven u fazole navy bio. Dále bylo potvrzeno, že fazole mungo patří mezi nejlépe stravitelný druh fazolí., This diploma thesis deals with the digestibility and fiber content in chosen bean varieties. Theoretical part of the thesis characterises selected beans, its chemical composition and importance in human nutrition. The thesis also defines the dietary fibre, its chemical structure, division according to water solubility, properties and physiological importance. Last two sections are devoted to digestive system and digestion of basic nutrients including the effect of digestive enzymes. The practical part is focused on the determination of moisture, ash, neutral detergent and crude fibre (using analyzer ANKOM220 Fiber Analyzer) and digestibility (using incubator Daisy II after reciprocal hydrolysis by proteolytic enzymes pepsin and pancreatin) in 10 selected bean varieties. According to the results obtained it can be concluded that navy bio bean possessed the highest average content of both neutral detergent and crude fibre. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the mungo bean is one of the best digestible beans., Ústav analýzy a chemie potravin, obhájeno

Samples of Eisenia arbórea from Baja California Sur, México collected in November 2002 and March 2003 were studied. The following parameters were analyzed separately from blades and stipes: moisture, ash, mannitol, fat and crude fiber. Alginate was isolated and the following quality parameters were obtained: yield (22.4-23.3%), color (> 4) and viscosity (793- 2,210 m-Pa-s in 1% solution). No significant differences were obtained between two months, except for viscosity and crude fiber. Significant differences were obtained when comparing blades and stipes in viscosity, mannitol, ash and fat, while for yield, moisture and crude fiber no significant differences were obtained. FTIR spectroscopy showed that alginate from E. arbórea contained similar amounts of mannuroic and guluronic acids (M/G = 1)