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Objectives: To describe peripheral long bone material and structural differences in youth at risk of secondary osteoporosis across disease-specific profiles. Methods: Upper-and lower limbs of children and adolescents were scanned at 4% distal and 66% mid-shaft sites using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography sub-categorised as (1) increased risk of secondary osteoporosis (neuromuscular disorders; chronic diseases; endocrine diseases; inborn errors of metabolism; iatrogenic conditions), (2) low motor competence and (3) non-affected controls. Results: Children with disease-specific profiles showed a range of bone deficits compared to the control group with these predominantly indicated for neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence. Deficits between upper arm and lower leg long bone parameters were different for disease-specific profiles compared to the control group. Endocortical radius, muscle area, and mid-cortical ring density were not significantly different for any disease-specific profile compared to the control group for any bone sites. Conclusions: Neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence have a strong correlation to bone health for appendicular bone parameters in youth, suggesting a critical mechanical loading influence which may differ specific to disease profile. As mechanical loading effects are observed in regional bone analyses, targeted exercise interventions to improve bone strength should be implemented to examine if this is effective in reducing the risk of secondary osteoporosis in youth. © 2020, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved.

Objectives: To describe peripheral long bone material and structural differences in youth at risk of secondary osteoporosis across disease-specific profiles. Methods: Upper-and lower limbs of children and adolescents were scanned at 4% distal and 66% mid-shaft sites using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography sub-categorised as (1) increased risk of secondary osteoporosis (neuromuscular disorders; chronic diseases; endocrine diseases; inborn errors of metabolism; iatrogenic conditions), (2) low motor competence and (3) non-affected controls. Results: Children with disease-specific profiles showed a range of bone deficits compared to the control group with these predominantly indicated for neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence. Deficits between upper arm and lower leg long bone parameters were different for disease-specific profiles compared to the control group. Endocortical radius, muscle area, and mid-cortical ring density were not significantly different for any disease-specific profile compared to the control group for any bone sites. Conclusions: Neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence have a strong correlation to bone health for appendicular bone parameters in youth, suggesting a critical mechanical loading influence which may differ specific to disease profile. As mechanical loading effects are observed in regional bone analyses, targeted exercise interventions to improve bone strength should be implemented to examine if this is effective in reducing the risk of secondary osteoporosis in youth.

Objectives: To describe peripheral long bone material and structural differences in youth at risk of secondary osteoporosis across disease-specific profiles. Methods: Upper-and lower limbs of children and adolescents were scanned at 4% distal and 66% mid-shaft sites using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography sub-categorised as (1) increased risk of secondary osteoporosis (neuromuscular disorders; chronic diseases; endocrine diseases; inborn errors of metabolism; iatrogenic conditions), (2) low motor competence and (3) non-affected controls. Results: Children with disease-specific profiles showed a range of bone deficits compared to the control group with these predominantly indicated for neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence. Deficits between upper arm and lower leg long bone parameters were different for disease-specific profiles compared to the control group. Endocortical radius, muscle area, and mid-cortical ring density were not significantly different for any disease-specific profile compared to the control group for any bone sites. Conclusions: Neuromuscular disorders, chronic diseases and low motor competence have a strong correlation to bone health for appendicular bone parameters in youth, suggesting a critical mechanical loading influence which may differ specific to disease profile. As mechanical loading effects are observed in regional bone analyses, targeted exercise interventions to improve bone strength should be implemented to examine if this is effective in reducing the risk of secondary osteoporosis in youth. © 2020, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved.

Quinazolinone is a compound made up of two fused six member simple aromatic rings-benezene and pyrimidine ring and have been reported to posses versatile type of biological activities such as anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antihelminthic, antimicrobial activities. A series of novel substituted-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5c]quinazolinone derivatives (K11-19) were synthesized by mannich reaction using formamide and different secondary amines. Structures of compounds synthesized were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopic analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed at concentration (100 mg/kg body mass) by rat paw oedema model. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as standard. All synthesized compounds have shown anti-inflammatory activity as all has significant reduction in inflammation when compared to inflammatory control group. Compounds K 15, K 18 and K 19 have shown very good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to standard drug Diclofenac sodium.

Quinazolinone is a compound made up of two fused six member simple aromatic rings-benezene and pyrimidine ring and have been reported to posses versatile type of biological activities such as anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antihelminthic, antimicrobial activities. A series of novel substituted-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5c]quinazolinone derivatives (K11-19) were synthesized by mannich reaction using formamide and different secondary amines. Structures of compounds synthesized were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopic analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed at concentration (100 mg/kg body mass) by rat paw oedema model. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as standard. All synthesized compounds have shown anti-inflammatory activity as all has significant reduction in inflammation when compared to inflammatory control group. Compounds K 15, K 18 and K 19 have shown very good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to standard drug Diclofenac sodium.

Quinazolinone is a compound made up of two fused six member simple aromatic rings-benezene and pyrimidine ring and have been reported to posses versatile type of biological activities such as anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antihelminthic, antimicrobial activities. A series of novel substituted-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5c]quinazolinone derivatives (K11-19) were synthesized by mannich reaction using formamide and different secondary amines. Structures of compounds synthesized were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectroscopic analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed at concentration (100 mg/kg body mass) by rat paw oedema model. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as standard. All synthesized compounds have shown anti-inflammatory activity as all has significant reduction in inflammation when compared to inflammatory control group. Compounds K 15, K 18 and K 19 have shown very good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to standard drug Diclofenac sodium.

Jenkins, M., Hart, N. H., Nimphius, S., Chivers, P., Rantalainen, T., Rothacker, K. M., ... & Beeson, B. P. (2020). Characterisation of peripheral bone mineral density in youth at risk of secondary osteoporosis-a preliminary insight. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions, 20(1), 27 - 52. http://www.ismni.org/jmni/pdf/79/jmni_20_027.pdf