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1. Identifying long-term stable refugia for dominant Castanopsis species of evergreen broad-leaved forests in East Asia: A tool for ensuring their conservation

Author

Tang Cindy Q., Matsui Tetsuya, Ohashi Haruka, Nualart Neus, Herrando-Moraira Sonia, Dong Yi-Fei, Grote Paul J., Van Ngoc Nguyen, Van Sam Hoang, Li Shuaifeng, Han Peng-Bin, Shen Li-Qin, Huang Diao-Shun, Peng Ming-Chun, Wang Chong-Yun, Li Xiao-Shuang, Yan Hai-Zhong, Zhu Ming-Yuan, Lu Xia, Wen Jian-Ran, Yao Shi-Qian, Du Min-Rui, Shi You-Cai, Xiao Shu-Li, Zeng Jia-Le, Wang Huan-Chong, López-Pujol Jordi, Tang Cindy Q., Matsui Tetsuya, Ohashi Haruka, Nualart Neus, Herrando-Moraira Sonia, Dong Yi-Fei, Grote Paul J., Van Ngoc Nguyen, Van Sam Hoang, Li Shuaifeng, Han Peng-Bin, Shen Li-Qin, Huang Diao-Shun, Peng Ming-Chun, Wang Chong-Yun, Li Xiao-Shuang, Yan Hai-Zhong, Zhu Ming-Yuan, Lu Xia, Wen Jian-Ran, Yao Shi-Qian, Du Min-Rui, Shi You-Cai, Xiao Shu-Li, Zeng Jia-Le, Wang Huan-Chong, and López-Pujol Jordi

Published
2022

2. Identifying long-term stable refugia for dominant Castanopsis species of evergreen broad-leaved forests in East Asia: A tool for ensuring their conservation

Author

Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (Japan), Northeastern Research Institute of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources (Thailand), Tang, Cindy Q., Matsui, Tetsuya, Ohashi, Haruka, Nualart, Neus, Herrando Moraira, Sonia, Dong, Yi-Fei, Grote, Paul J., Ngoc, Nguyen Van, Sam, Hoang Van, Li, Shuaifeng, Han, Peng-Bin, Shen, Li-Qin, Huang, Diao-Shun, Peng, Ming-Chun, Wang, Chong-Yun, Li, Xiao-Shuang, Yan, Hai-Zhong, Zhu, Ming-Yuan, Lu, Xia, Wen, Jian-Ran, Yao, Shi-Qian, Du, Min-Rui, Shi, You-Cai, Xiao, Shu-Li, Zeng, Jia-Le, Wang, Huan-Chong, López-Pujol, Jordi, Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (Japan), Northeastern Research Institute of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources (Thailand), Tang, Cindy Q., Matsui, Tetsuya, Ohashi, Haruka, Nualart, Neus, Herrando Moraira, Sonia, Dong, Yi-Fei, Grote, Paul J., Ngoc, Nguyen Van, Sam, Hoang Van, Li, Shuaifeng, Han, Peng-Bin, Shen, Li-Qin, Huang, Diao-Shun, Peng, Ming-Chun, Wang, Chong-Yun, Li, Xiao-Shuang, Yan, Hai-Zhong, Zhu, Ming-Yuan, Lu, Xia, Wen, Jian-Ran, Yao, Shi-Qian, Du, Min-Rui, Shi, You-Cai, Xiao, Shu-Li, Zeng, Jia-Le, Wang, Huan-Chong, and López-Pujol, Jordi

Abstract

Identifying and protecting refugia is a priority for conservation management under projected anthropogenic climate change. We have two main objectives: the first is to explore the spatial (East Asia) and temporal (Last Glacial Maximum to year 2070) distribution patterns of dominant Castanopsis species of evergreen broad-leaved forests, also the relation with their niche breadths; the second is to identify long-term stable refugia for preserving these species and provide a framework of conservation strategies. We find that there is an extraordinary richness with 32 dominant Castanopsis species, and they form both a geographically and climatically almost unbroken connection from ca. 5°N to 38°N, having thus ecological significance. During the Mid-Holocene and, particularly, the Last Glacial Maximum, the predicted suitable areas of the species as a whole were larger than those in the present. By 2070, potentially suitable areas with high richness of dominant Castanopsis species will be reduced by 94.5 % on average. No correlation between species niche breadths and distribution ranges is found, which could be due to regional climate stability. Mountains of southwestern and southern Yunnan in China are identified as climatically long-term stable refugia for 7¿9 Castanopsis species. We recommend that these refugia have the highest priority of conservation to prevent their extinction. Our suggested urgent measures include improving the effectiveness of currently protected Castanopsis species and expanding the network of protected areas to cover a larger fraction of the refugia, as well as ensuring Castanopsis species natural regeneration potential in fragmented and natural secondary forest areas.

Published
2022

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