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Large amounts of nitrogen compounds, such as ammonium salts, may be stored in icy bodies and comets, but the transport of these nitrogen-bearing solids into the near-Earth region is not well understood. Here, we report the discovery of iron nitride on magnetite grains from the surface of the near-Earth C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu, suggesting inorganic nitrogen fixation. Micrometeoroid impacts and solar wind irradiation may have caused the selective loss of volatile species from major iron-bearing minerals to form the metallic iron. Iron nitride is a product of nitridation of the iron metal by impacts of micrometeoroids that have higher nitrogen contents than the CI chondrites. The impactors are probably primitive materials with origins in the nitrogen-rich reservoirs in the outer Solar System. Our observation implies that the amount of nitrogen available for planetary formation and prebiotic reactions in the inner Solar System is greater than previously recognized.

The unique conditions within the circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars facilitate the formation of radical species and other complex molecules. While some of these molecules are destroyed within the envelope, their remnants contribute to the broader molecular lifecycle. Molecules containing the NCHOPS elements, those essential for life, are of particular interest in astrochemistry. This work presents millimeter-wave observations of CSEs and molecular clouds conducted using the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO) 12-m and Submillimeter Telescope (SMT) to identify new interstellar molecules containing NCHOPS and other astrochemically relevant elements, as well as to examine elemental abundance gradients. Phosphorus monoxide (PO) was identified for the first time in the star-forming region Orion-KL through analysis of a 3 mm spectral line survey obtained with the ARO 12-m. By examining the line profile and LSR velocity of PO, the molecule was localized to the Plateau region of Orion-KL, providing additional evidence that shock chemistry plays a role in the formation of phosphorus molecules. Additionally, 3, 2, and 1 mm spectral line surveys were conducted towards the carbon-rich envelope of the AGB star IRC+10216 using both the 12-m and SMT telescopes. These sensitive surveys allowed for the detection of very weak rotational lines, leading to the identification of two new interstellar molecules: SiP, a phosphorus-bearing radical, and FeC, the first metal carbide (in the chemist’s sense) detected in the interstellar medium. Both molecules were found in shell distributions within the envelope of IRC+10216, with formation mechanisms likely tied to shock chemistry. To explore the molecular content of the Outer Galaxy, observations were conducted towards Galactic Edge Clouds using the ARO 12-m and IRAM 30-m telescopes. PO and PN were identified in the Edge Cloud WB89-621, located 22.6 kiloparsecs (kpc) from the Galactic Center. This discovery rep

The purpose of this study is to anayze the influence of work discipline, safety and heath partialy and simultaneously on the work of employees of PT. JMS Batam. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study is al employees in Burret PA in 2022 at PT. JMS Batam has 160 employees. Determining the number of samples using saturated samples from the entire population and the sampling technique using incidenta sampling so that the number of questionnaires returned was 120 questionnaires, thus the sample used in this study totaed 120 samples. This study shows conclusively that: (1) Work discipline partialy has a significant effect on employee work productivity, with a t count of 8.216 > 1.980 from t table and obtains a significance vaue of 0.00 <0.05. (2) Occupationa safety and heath partialy have a significant effect on employee work productivity, with a t count of 5.995 > 1.980 from t table and obtain a significance vaue of 0.00 <0.05. (3) Work discipline, occupationa safety and heath simultaneously have a significant effect on employee work productivity, with a caculated f vaue of 103.291 > 3.09 from ftable and obtain a significance vaue of 0.00 <0.05. (4) The magnitude of the influence of work discipline, occupationa safety and heath on the work productivity of employees of PT. JMS Batam by 0.764 or 76.4%. and the remaining 23.6% is explained by other variables outside this research model.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio and Total Asset Turnover on Return on Equity in case studies of textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Secondary data is used in this study. This research involved 16 companies, namely textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 research period. The sample used was 8 companies which during the 2017-2020 research period reported their financial data on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Purposive sampling was used as the sampling method in this study. The data analysis method used was the classical assumption test, hypothesis testing, multiple regression, F-test and t-test. Based on the results of this study it is known that the Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio have a positive effect on Return on Equity while Total Asset Turnover does not have a significant effect on Return on Equity.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio and Total Asset Turnover on Return on Equity in case studies of textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Secondary data is used in this study. This research involved 16 companies, namely textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 research period. The sample used was 8 companies which during the 2017-2020 research period reported their financial data on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Purposive sampling was used as the sampling method in this study. The data analysis method used was the classical assumption test, hypothesis testing, multiple regression, F-test and t-test. Based on the results of this study it is known that the Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio have a positive effect on Return on Equity while Total Asset Turnover does not have a significant effect on Return on Equity.

The role of teacher as a guide is very significant in teaching, especially to equip students to know God through Christian education. Teachers guide the students to understand knowledge, attitudes, skills, and spirituality based on Biblical principles. But in reality, teachers do not teach the Bible principles in learning, teachers do not guide the students, and have lack of knowledge of the Bible. Teachers should have understood the significance of guiding students based on the Bible. Hence, the purpose of writing this article is to present the significant role of teachers as a guide through the theological study based on Ephesians 4:11-16 for the context of Christian education with literature study as the research method. Teachers must guide students based on the truth of God's Word, through imitating Jesus as the Great Shepherd. Christian teachers’ role as guide do not only stop at knowledge in academic learning, but to be an impact for students to be a part of service to God and to build others up as members of the body of Christ. Christian teachers must guide students to achieve, namely: the unity of the faith in Christ as God and Savior in true knowledge, thorough maturity, and growth in accordance with the fullness of Christ and to ensure to be not tossed around by the waves of false teaching that ignore The Lord. This article concludes that the teacher's role as guide is one form for equipping students to grow more mature in Christ. The author suggests that Christian teachers understand that teachers are God's calling to reveal God's truth to students so that their lives base on Bible teaching, and Christian teachers must understand the students' needs to know God and grow spiritually to become more like Christ.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Peran guru sebagai pembimbing sangat penting dalam pengajaran, terutama untuk memperlengkapi murid-murid mengenal Tuhan melalui pendidikan Kristen. Guru membimbing murid untuk memahami pengetahuan, sikap, keterampilan, dan k

Dilatant hardening is an accepted model for the stabilizing effect of high pore fluid pressure on fault slip and operates when deformation is undrained. To test whether high pore fluid pressure impedes fault propagation under drained conditions, we deformed highly permeable Darley Dale sandstone using strain rates of 10−4 s−1, 10−5 s−1, and 10−6 s−1, respectively. For each strain rate, we compared the inelastic behaviors and faulting styles among rocks deformed under different pore fluid pressures (Pf) (2–180 MPa). The confining pressure (Pc) was attuned to the pore fluid pressure throughout deformation to maintain a constant differential pressure (Pc − Pf) of 10 MPa. In samples deformed at 10−4 s−1 and 10−5 s−1, faulting behaviors were similar regardless of the magnitude of pore fluid pressure. However, when the strain rate was lowered to 10−6 s−1, we observed prolonged stress drops and slower slip velocities in samples deformed under high pore fluid pressures. In samples deformed at 10−6 s−1, we demonstrate that chemically assisted subcritical crack growth played an important role during faulting. A quantitative microstructural analysis revealed that slow faulting at slow strain rates was accompanied by pervasive microcracking and diffuse shear bands, which suggests pervasive subcritical cracking enabled slow faulting under drained conditions at the sample length scale. High pore fluid pressure may have facilitated slow faulting chemically by increasing the rate of subcritical cracking, mechanically via localized dilatant hardening, or both. Our results provide insight into the mechanics of faulting in natural settings where subcritical cracking is prevalent.

Status gizi merupakan suatu keadaan dimana kesehatan tubuh  membutuhkan asupan zat gizi melalui makanan dan minuman yang dihubungkan dengan kebutuhan. Status gizi baik dan cukup , namun karena pola konsumsi yang tidak seimbang maka akan timbul status gizi buruk dan status gizi lebih (Anggraini, 2010). Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian cross sectional yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan perkembangan anak usia 12-24 bulan di Klinik Pratama Masta Kelurahan Pekan Labuhan Kecamatan Medan Labuhan pada Tahun 2020. Sampel dalam penellitian ini adalah ibu dari anak pada usia 12-24 bulan yang berjumlah 54 responden yang ditetapkan berdasarkan perhitungan rumus slovin. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis bivariate dengan uji chi scuarepada ? = 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa status gizi anak pada usia 12-24 bulan mayoritas baik sebanyak 33 responden (61,11%) sesuai dengan perkembangan usia anak sebanyak 28 responden (51,9%). Hasil uji chi square diperoleh nilai p-valuesebesar 0,003. Dengan demikian ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan perkembanga anak pada usia 12-24 bulan di Klinik Pratama Masta Tahun 2020. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi informasi bahwa masih terdapat gizi yang  belum baik serta perkembagan yang belum sesuai, para kader harus terus  memotivasi orang tua agar terus mengikuti posyandu, diharapkan memperbanyak jumlah sampel dan cakupan wilayah serta memperluas faktor lain yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi., Nutritional status is a condition in which the body's health requires nutrient intake through food and drink which is linked to needs. The nutritional status is good and sufficient, but due to unbalanced consumption patterns, malnutrition and excess nutritional status will arise (Anggraini, 2010). This research is a type of cross sectional study which is used to determine the relationship between nutritional status and development of children aged 12-24 months at the Pratama Masta Clinic, Pekan Labuhan Village, Medan Labuhan District in 2020. The sample in this research is mothers of children aged 12-24 months, amounting to 54 respondents who were determined based on the calculation of the Slovin formula. Data analysis was performed using bivariate analysis with the chi scuarese test at ? = 5%. The results of this study indicate that the nutritional status of children at the age of 12-24 months is mostly good as many as 33 respondents (61.11%) according to the development of the child's age as many as 28 respondents (51.9%). The results of the chi square test obtained a p-value of 0.003. Thus, there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and development of children aged 12-24 months at the Primary Masta Clinic in 2020. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide information that there is still poor nutrition and inappropriate development, cadres must continue to motivate. Parents to continue to follow posyandu, are expected to increase the number of samples and the coverage area and expand other factors that affect the growth and development of babies.

Background and Aims: Patients’ nutritional intake is a crucial issue in modern hospitals, where the high prevalence of disease-related malnutrition may worsen clinical outcomes. On the other hand, food waste raises concerns in terms of sustainability and environmental burden. We conducted a systematic review to ascertain which hospital services could overcome both issues. Methods: A systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing the effect of hospital strategies on energy intake, protein intake, and plate/food waste. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for RCTs. Results: Nineteen studies were included, assessing as many hospital strategies such as food service systems—including catering and room service—(n = 9), protected mealtimes and volunteer feeding assistance (n = 4), food presentation strategies (n = 3), nutritional counseling and education (n = 2), plant-based proteins meal (n = 1). Given the heterogeneity of the included studies, the results were narratively analysed. Conclusions: Although the results should be confirmed by prospective and large sample-size studies, the personalisation of the meal and efficient room service may improve nutritional intake while decreasing food waste. Clinical nutritionist staff—especially dietitians—may increase food intake reducing food waste through active monitoring of the patients’ nutritional needs.

IntroductionIn electronic health records (EHRs), standardized nursing terminologies (SNTs), such as nursing diagnoses (NDs), are needed to demonstrate the impact of nursing care on patient outcomes. Unfortunately, the use of NDs is not common in clinical practice, especially in surgical settings, and is rarely included in EHRs. Objective(s)The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and trend of NDs in a hospital surgical setting by also analyzing the relationship between NDs and hospital outcomes. MethodsA retrospective study was conducted. All adult inpatients consecutively admitted to one of the 15 surgical inpatient units of an Italian university hospital across 1 year were included. Data, including the Professional Assessment Instrument and the Hospital Discharge Register, were collected retrospectively from the hospital's EHRs. ResultsThe sample included 5,027 surgical inpatients. There was a mean of 6.3 ± 4.3 NDs per patient. The average distribution of NDs showed a stable trend throughout the year. The most representative NANDA-I ND domain was safety/protection. The total number of NDs on admission was significantly higher for patient whose length of stay was longer. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the number of NDs on admission and the number of intra-hospital patient transfers. Additionally, the mean number of NDs on admission was higher for patients who were later transferred to an intensive care unit compared to those who were not transferred. ConclusionNDs represent the key to understanding the contribution of nurses in the surgical setting. NDs collected upon admission can represent a prognostic factor related to the hospital's key outcomes. Keywords

Aims and objectives: To analyse the Primary Nursing Model's effect on nursing documentation accuracy. Background: The Primary Nursing is widely implemented since it has been considered as the ideal model of care delivery based on the relationship between the nurse and patient. However, previous research has not examined the relationship between Primary Nursing and nursing documentation accuracy. Design: A pretest-posttest-follow-up design was used. Methods: The study was conducted from August 2018 to February 2020 in eight surgical and medical wards in an Italian university hospital. The Primary Nursing was implemented in four wards (study group), while in the other four, the Team Nursing was practised (control group). Nursing documentation accuracy was evaluated through the D-Catch instrument. From the eight wards, 120 nursing documentations were selected randomly for each time point (pre-test, post-test and follow-up) and in each group. Altogether, 720 nursing documents were assessed. The study adhered to the TREND checklist. Results: The Primary Nursing and Team Nursing Models exhibited significant differences in mean scores for documentation accuracy: assessment on admission, nursing diagnosis, nursing intervention and patient outcome accuracy. No differences between the two groups were found for record structure accuracy and legibility between the posttest and follow-up. Conclusion: Primary Nursing exerts an overall positive effect on nursing documentation accuracy and persists over time. Relevance to clinical practice: The benefits from Primary Nursing implementation included better-documented patient outcomes. The use of Primary Nursing linked with the use of the nursing process allowed for a more individualised and problem-solving approach. Nurse managers should consider the implementation of Primary Nursing to improve care quality.

Although the effects of malnutrition on morbidity and mortality in adult patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are clear, the relationship with quality of life (QOL) is less clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between malnutrition and QOL. A prospective observational study was conducted in 36 adult patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adapted criteria of the Global Leadership Initiative on malnutrition have been used for the diagnosis of malnutrition in clinical settings. A cancer linear analog scale was used to assess QOL. Overall QOL at 14 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 37.1 (95% CI 2.9–45.39) in patients without severe malnutrition, versus 16.0 (95% CI − 6.6 to 38.6) in patients with severe malnutrition (p = 0.05). At discharge, it was 48.0 (95% CI 38.4–57.6) versus 34.0 (95% CI 4.1–63.9) (p = 0.27). The results of our study suggest that patients with severe malnutrition at discharge tend to have worse QOL. A larger cohort of patients is required to confirm this hypothesis.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected healthcare systems worldwide. Predictive models developed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and based on timely, centralized and standardized real world patient data could improve management of COVID-19 to achieve better clinical outcomes. The objectives of this manuscript are to describe the structure and technologies used to construct a COVID-19 Data Mart architecture and to present how a large hospital has tackled the challenge of supporting daily management of COVID-19 pandemic emergency, by creating a strong retrospective knowledge base, a real time environment and integrated information dashboard for daily practice and early identification of critical condition at patient level. This framework is also used as an informative, continuously enriched data lake, which is a base for several on-going predictive studies. Methods: The information technology framework for clinical practice and research was described. It was developed using SAS Institute software analytics tool and SAS® Vyia® environment and Open-Source environment R ® and Python ® for fast prototyping and modeling. The included variables and the source extraction procedures were presented. Results: The Data Mart covers a retrospective cohort of 5528 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. People who died were older, had more comorbidities, reported more frequently dyspnea at onset, had higher D-dimer, C-reactive protein and urea nitrogen. The dashboard was developed to support the management of COVID-19 patients at three levels: hospital, single ward and individual care level. Interpretation: The COVID-19 Data Mart based on integration of a large collection of clinical data and an AI-based integrated framework has been developed, based on a set of automated procedures for data mining and retrieval, transformation and integration, and has been embedded in the clinical practice to help managing daily care. Benefits from the availability of a Data Mart include the oppor

Introduction Health literacy (HL) can be defined as the individual's ability to understand and process health information. A low level of HL can be viewed as a stronger predictor of a person's health status than age, education level, and race. Although HL is an important determinant of health, it is often underestimated. This systematic review investigates the evidence on HL assessment in hospital settings. Methods PubMed Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and Educational Resources Information Centre databases were searched, with the date last searched being 16 March 2020. The PRISMA guidelines were applied, and the protocol of the study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021236029). The quality of the included studies was appraised using the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for cross-sectional studies. Results Five studies reported HL assessments in hospital patients’ clinical records. Four main strategies were used to implement HL routine assessment in hospitals: multidisciplinary teams, stakeholders, training, and monitoring. Different performance measures were used to monitor the feasibility of incorporating HL assessment into electronic health records (EHRs). Conclusion This review examined how inpatients’ HL is recorded in hospital settings. HL is poorly measured in a hospital setting. These results guide hospital leadership in involving nurses in HL assessment implementation in hospitals and support nurses in creating a specific performance measure dashboard to monitor effective HL assessments in hospitals.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

Without a protective atmosphere, space-exposed surfaces of airless Solar System bodies gradually experience an alteration in composition, structure and optical properties through a collective process called space weathering. The return of samples from near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2 provides the first opportunity for laboratory study of space-weathering signatures on the most abundant type of inner solar system body: a C-type asteroid, composed of materials largely unchanged since the formation of the Solar System. Weathered Ryugu grains show areas of surface amorphization and partial melting of phyllosilicates, in which reduction from Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ and dehydration developed. Space weathering probably contributed to dehydration by dehydroxylation of Ryugu surface phyllosilicates that had already lost interlayer water molecules and to weakening of the 2.7 µm hydroxyl (–OH) band in reflectance spectra. For C-type asteroids in general, this indicates that a weak 2.7 µm band can signify space-weathering-induced surface dehydration, rather than bulk volatile loss.

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa, which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic -resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor 1, we identified compound 27, featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase II alpha, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of 1 in complex with Escherichia coli GyrB24 and (S)-27 in complex with A. baumannii GyrB23 and P. aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit. In further optimization steps, solubility, plasma free fraction, and other ADME properties of 27 were improved by fine-tuning of lipophilicity. In particular, analogs of 27 with retained anti-Gram-negative activity and improved plasma free fraction were identified. The series was found to be nongenotoxic, nonmutagenic, devoid of mitochondrial toxicity, and possessed no ion channel liabilities.

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa, which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic -resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor 1, we identified compound 27, featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase II alpha, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of 1 in complex with Escherichia coli GyrB24 and (S)-27 in complex with A. baumannii GyrB23 and P. aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit. In further optimization steps, solubility, plasma free fraction, and other ADME properties of 27 were improved by fine-tuning of lipophilicity. In particular, analogs of 27 with retained anti-Gram-negative activity and improved plasma free fraction were identified. The series was found to be nongenotoxic, nonmutagenic, devoid of mitochondrial toxicity, and possessed no ion channel liabilities.

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa, which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic -resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor 1, we identified compound 27, featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase II alpha, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of 1 in complex with Escherichia coli GyrB24 and (S)-27 in complex with A. baumannii GyrB23 and P. aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit. In further optimization steps, solubility, plasma free fraction, and other ADME properties of 27 were improved by fine-tuning of lipophilicity. In particular, analogs of 27 with retained anti-Gram-negative activity and improved plasma free fraction were identified. The series was found to be nongenotoxic, nonmutagenic, devoid of mitochondrial toxicity, and possessed no ion channel liabilities.

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa, which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic -resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor 1, we identified compound 27, featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase II alpha, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of 1 in complex with Escherichia coli GyrB24 and (S)-27 in complex with A. baumannii GyrB23 and P. aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit. In further optimization steps, solubility, plasma free fraction, and other ADME properties of 27 were improved by fine-tuning of lipophilicity. In particular, analogs of 27 with retained anti-Gram-negative activity and improved plasma free fraction were identified. The series was found to be nongenotoxic, nonmutagenic, devoid of mitochondrial toxicity, and possessed no ion channel liabilities.

This article examines the role and the function performed by Voz Operária during the Brazilian military dictatorship. Despite not abandoning its ideological principles, the monthly emerged in this period as a catalyst for a culture of resistance and democracy, appealing to a composite readership. By highlighting the rhetorical and visual stratagems employed by its editors, this article reveals how the interaction of narrative, caricatures, and woodcuts generated a common emotional realm, unifying the different souls of the opposition front

Humans can only understand salvation through God's revelation in the Bible. The Bible teaches that the matter of salvation is both God's sovereignty and man's inseparable responsibility, which is understood as a paradoxical concept. But in reality, 6 out of 11 Christian students do not understand the paradoxical truth about salvation taught by the Bible according to a randomly distributed survey. Christian students who have accepted theological doctrines should understand the paradoxical truth about salvation. An important aim of writing this essay is to show the understanding of Reformed theology (represented by John Calvin, Louis Berkhof, Anthony Hoekema, and J.I. Packer) regarding salvation as God's sovereignty and human responsibility using literary sources. Reformed theologians (Calvin, Berkhof, Hoekema, and Packer) accepted the paradoxical concept and believed that humans contribute to the regeneration of identity through God's grace. God's grace is the main reason humans can obey this. Therefore, understanding the concept of paradoxical truth must be accompanied by love and humility before God.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Manusia hanya dapat memahami keselamatan melalui wahyu Allah melalui Alkitab. Alkitab mengajarkan bahwa mengusahakan keselamatan adalah kedaulatan Tuhan dan tanggung jawab manusia yang tidak terpisahkan, yang dipahami sebagai konsep paradoks. Namun pada kenyataannya, 6 dari 11 mahasiswa Kristen tidak memahami kebenaran paradoksal tentang keselamatan yang diajarkan oleh Alkitab, berdasarkan survei yang disebarkan secara acak. Mahasiswa Kristen yang telah menerima doktrin teologi seharusnya memahami kebenaran paradoksal tentang mengerjakan keselamatan. Tujuan penting dari penulisan esai ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pemahaman teologi Reformed (yang diwakili oleh John Calvin, Louis Berkhof, Anthony Hoekema, dan Packer) mengenai keselamatan sebagai kedaulatan Allah dan tanggung jawab manusia atas keselamatan dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber literat

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

To increase students' courage through inquiry learning strategies in the subject of moral ethics. This study aims to develop students' thinking skills so that they are able to encourage students' courage in expressing opinions or other matters related to the teaching and learning process which are oriented towards learning outcomes and learning processes. The research method used in this research is descriptive literature research, in which the researcher wants to describe the research carried out using literature in a more specific, transparent and indepth manner. The results of this study, the researcher describes data related to the results of the literature regarding inquiry strategies, factors that influence the level of student courage, teacher strategies in increasing student courage and how to increase student courage through inquiry learning in the subject of moral ethics.

Asteroids are cosmic puzzles. Meteorites can serve as puzzle pieces to help construct geochemical context of the Solar System and are also pieces derived from asteroids. Ordinary chondrites are the most common types of meteorites that arrive to Earth and are composed of three subtypes: H, L and LL chondrites. Meteorites that have undergone complex melting and geological changes, named the achondrites, provide clues towards the foundation and patterns of planetary formation. Understanding both ordinary chondrite and achondrite meteorites creates the criteria in which their parent asteroids must also possess. A result of this work is affirming that asteroid-meteorite linkages can be established through infrared spectroscopy. The Gefion Asteroid Family (GAF) has been proposed to be the source asteroids for the L chondrite meteorites. In this thesis results are presented for 18 dynamically defined members of the GAF through a near-infrared (0.7-2.5 micrometers (µm)) spectroscopic survey. These results are presented to test the hypothesis that L-chondrites originate from this family (McGraw et al. 2018, 2022). Compositional analysis of these asteroids shows a range of meteorite analogs for the entire ordinary chondrite range of H-, L-, and LL, and possibly the subcategory of L/LL chondrites. The anomalous achondrite meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 6704 has basaltic texture and silicate mineralogy. However, NWA 6704 also shows isotopic consistencies with other carbonaceous chondrite meteorites (McGraw et al. 2020). The spectral data of the achondrite meteorite clan known as the howardites, eucrites, and diogenites (HEDs) are also of basaltic nature and are derived from asteroid (4) Vesta. Problematically, the HEDs and anomalous achondrites share similar spectral absorption features. Thus, searching for the parent asteroid sources for geologically evolved achondrites that may be hidden amongst the V-type asteroid population is an important goal within planetary science. A

Computational materials science (CMS) techniques provide a ready platform for design and deployment of tailored materials as well as for understanding the underlying conditions under which materials were processed. Using electronic structure methods (e.g. density functional theory, DFT), atomistic modeling techniques (e.g. molecular dynamics, MD, microstructural evolution methods, e.g., phase field, PF) and thermodynamic modeling frameworks (e.g. CALculation of PHAse Diagram, CALPHAD), structure-property relations of materials ranging from atomic- to macro-scales can be thoroughly investigated, enabling important insights for characterizing a wide variety of materials, including materials for engineering and technological applications as well as naturally occurring materials (e.g. planetary materials and geomaterials). In this context, three distinct problems are successfully addressed in this dissertation namely: (Project 1) using MD and DFT to unravel the underlying kinetics of carbon nanostructures synthesis (e.g. C_60 fullerenes and carbon nanotubes) from solid state precursors in astrophysical settings; (Project 2) using a multiscale DFT-CALPHAD-PF approach to model spinodal decomposition in binary metal alloy systems; and (Project 3) using a data-driven computational thermodynamics framework to predict miscibility gap boundary in body-centered cubic (BCC) systems. Project 1: the synthesis pathways that underlie the formation of carbon nanostructures, such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes in the interstellar medium is an open scientific question. Current understanding of how structures like carbon nanotubes (CNT) and C_60 fullerene structures can be synthesized and incorporated into diffuse clouds is very limited. In this regard, using a combination of MD and DFT calculations, a new ‘top-down’ mechanism for in situ synthesis of C_60 and single-wall CNT from few-layer thick graphite grains, is demonstrated; notably, the identified pathways show that gas-phase

In this dissertation, I work to characterize igneous lithologies and understand how impact processes produce and alter material on rocky surfaces. I investigate these topics to answer long-standing questions about volcanism and impact cratering on the Moon. I identify two new basalt types from the Moon: a potentially young, Th-enriched mare basalt from the previously unsampled region of the Moon, western Oceanus Procellarum; and evidence for an Mg-rich, spinel-bearing basalt that may represent extrusive Mg-suite magmatism. For the mare basalt, I conducted petrologic experiments that showed the sample is representative of the lava flow it originated from and showed that the sample likely underwent a late-stage, enigmatic processes known as silicate liquid immiscibility. We provide hypotheses for the provenance of this sample. The Mg-rich samples occur as clasts, some of which we determine to be of impact melt origin. However, a subset of the clasts have very similar texture and mineral chemistry. We propose that this subset of clasts may be volcanic in origin, and call for further investigations of these samples. The samples in both of these studies were impact-modified. The former came from a soil sample, likely delivered to the Apollo 12 site by a young impact event. The latter involves clasts embedded in an impact melt breccia. For the final portion of my dissertation, I characterize a polymict, impact melt-bearing rock (known as suevite) from Ries Crater in Germany to constrain the pressures and temperatures involved informing such a rock and constrain formation mechanisms. I identify zircon grains that have experienced a variety of pressure and temperature conditions, ranging from unshocked and unheated, to highly shocked, to heated, to both highly shocked and heated. The diversity of grains identified in this single sample provide insights into the formation of the suevite as a lateral flow. This terrestrial study is crucial to better understanding the impact c

This dissertation studies the reflectance properties of a variety of small body populations throughout the solar system. It represents the first spectroscopic observations of the majority of targets, including the first spectra of an Earth quasi-satellite, the irregular satellites of Uranus, and Neptune Trojans. These topics are united in the methodology of faint object spectroscopy (near the limits of the current generation of large Earth-based telescopes), but also in the research questions each population poses. These populations, while less well studied than major groups of asteroids, comets, or trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), provide powerful opportunities to constrain how material has been transported throughout the solar system before they were captured into orbits near to the planets. The study of these objects is therefore similar to investigating a ``fossil record'' of the evolutionary processes that occurred throughout the solar system's history. In particular, I develop comparisons between these poorly understood objects and well-studied samples of meteorites. Generally, I find evidence that irregular satellites in the outer solar system can be modeled using analogies to hydrated carbonaceous chondrite materials, and I observe that a wide variety of physical conditions can play a role in explaining the data I have collected. Despite these ambiguities, I provide evidence that hydrated material may be present in these populations in substantial amounts, and therefore provide direct assessments of their material properties. My study of the Earth quasi-satellite Kamo`oalewa finds that its properties are unique amongst near-Earth asteroids or the meteoritic record and is most similar to material collected from the Earth's moon. Synthesizing the results of each individual study shows that targeted spectroscopic studies of faint objects can deliver direct constraints on the origins of a variety of populations and can advance hypotheses beyond coarse, population

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa, which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic -resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor 1, we identified compound 27, featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase II alpha, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of 1 in complex with Escherichia coli GyrB24 and (S)-27 in complex with A. baumannii GyrB23 and P. aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit. In further optimization steps, solubility, plasma free fraction, and other ADME properties of 27 were improved by fine-tuning of lipophilicity. In particular, analogs of 27 with retained anti-Gram-negative activity and improved plasma free fraction were identified. The series was found to be nongenotoxic, nonmutagenic, devoid of mitochondrial toxicity, and possessed no ion channel liabilities.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the impact of price, advertising and quality of service on online purchasing decisions regarding Tokopedia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consisted of staff from PT Kotamas Makmur National Agency. The independent variables in this study are price, advertising and quality of service, while the dependent variable in this study is purchase decision. The research method used is a quantitative research method  hypothesis-testing approach. A saturated sample with a total of 30 employees is used as the sampling method. The data source was obtained from questionnaire results and the analytical method was multiple regression analysis using the statistical program SPSS version 22. The results showed that: (i) Price influences purchasing decisions from Tokopedia; (ii) promotions do not influence purchasing decisions on Tokopedia; (iii) the quality of service will influence your purchasing decision from Tokopedia.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku informasi content creator menggunakan model perilaku informasi David Ellis. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sampling dalam penelitian ini merupakan content creator kanal youtube Kok Bisa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pada tahap starting content creator mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasinya melalui key literatur chaining memahami informasi memperkaya sumber informasi browsing menelusuri sumber informasi baik media digital dan cetak differentiating seleksi sumber informasi sesuai preferensi content creator monitoring memantau arus perkembangan sumber informasi extracting identifikasi dan pencatatan poin informasi verifying pemeriksaan kembali informasi yang telah dikumpulkan ending melakukan pengemasan dan membagikan video yang telah dibuat. Dari delapan tahap yang dilakukan terdapat dua tahapan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan oleh content creator yaitu monitoring dan extracting sehingga membentuk suatu karakteristik baru perilaku pencarian informasi.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku informasi content creator menggunakan model perilaku informasi David Ellis. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sampling dalam penelitian ini merupakan content creator kanal youtube Kok Bisa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pada tahap starting content creator mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasinya melalui key literatur chaining memahami informasi memperkaya sumber informasi browsing menelusuri sumber informasi baik media digital dan cetak differentiating seleksi sumber informasi sesuai preferensi content creator monitoring memantau arus perkembangan sumber informasi extracting identifikasi dan pencatatan poin informasi verifying pemeriksaan kembali informasi yang telah dikumpulkan ending melakukan pengemasan dan membagikan video yang telah dibuat. Dari delapan tahap yang dilakukan terdapat dua tahapan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan oleh content creator yaitu monitoring dan extracting sehingga membentuk suatu karakteristik baru perilaku pencarian informasi.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku informasi content creator menggunakan model perilaku informasi David Ellis. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sampling dalam penelitian ini merupakan content creator kanal youtube Kok Bisa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pada tahap starting content creator mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasinya melalui key literatur chaining memahami informasi memperkaya sumber informasi browsing menelusuri sumber informasi baik media digital dan cetak differentiating seleksi sumber informasi sesuai preferensi content creator monitoring memantau arus perkembangan sumber informasi extracting identifikasi dan pencatatan poin informasi verifying pemeriksaan kembali informasi yang telah dikumpulkan ending melakukan pengemasan dan membagikan video yang telah dibuat. Dari delapan tahap yang dilakukan terdapat dua tahapan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan oleh content creator yaitu monitoring dan extracting sehingga membentuk suatu karakteristik baru perilaku pencarian informasi.

OBJECTIVE: Delays in patient discharge can adversely affect hospital and emergency room productivity and increase healthcare costs. The discharge should be structured from the hospital admission towards the most appropriate environment. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the Unit, named "Continuity of Care Center" (CCC), to guarantee a safest and fastest hospital discharge in frail patients and to test the effect of our team-approach on hospital outcomes (length of stay and hospital mortality). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study carried out in an acute care hospital with 1,558 beds and is equipped with 41 operating theaters. We collected data from October 2016 to June 2019. RESULTS: The time of patient discharge had an important reduction: 15.5±30.8 in the first 3 months vs. 11.0±20.1 in the last 3 months considered. The median of the time of discharge in all 12 months considered was 12 day. The length of stay presented an important reduction from 33.3±47.5 during the first 3 months vs. 28.8±39.5 in the last 3 months of activity of CCC; and a significant reduction of hospital deaths was recorded from 20% during the first 3 months to 14% in the last 3 months of activity of CCC. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate a constant decrease in patient discharge time and length of hospital stay, with a consequent significant reduction of healthcare costs. According to the estimates of Italian Health Ministry concerning Latium region, every hospitalization day has a mean cost of € 674.00. Thus, the CCC activity has contributed to a reduction of approximately 12,832 days of hospitalization, in the considered period, with an estimated hospital saving of € 8,648,761.

Healthcare workers are at the forefront against COVID-19, worldwide. Since Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli (FPG) IRCCS was enlisted as a COVID-19 hospital, the healthcare workers deployed to COVID-19 wards were separated from those with limited/no exposure, whereas the administrative staff were designated to work from home. Between 4 June and 3 July 2020, an investigation was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies among the employees of the FPG using point-of-care (POC) and venous blood tests. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were determined with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction on nasal/oropharyngeal swabs as the diagnostic gold standard. The participants enrolled amounted to 4777. Seroprevalence was 3.66% using the POC test and 1.19% using the venous blood test, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). The POC test sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 63.64% (95% confidence interval (CI): 62.20% to 65.04%) and 96.64% (95% CI: 96.05% to 97.13%), while those of the venous blood test were, respectively, 78.79% (95% CI: 77.58% to 79.94%) and 99.36% (95% CI: 99.07% to 99.55%). Among the low-risk populations, the POC test’s predictive values were 58.33% (positive) and 98.23% (negative), whereas those of the venous blood test were 92.86% (positive) and 98.53% (negative). According to our study, these serological tests cannot be a valid alternative to diagnose COVID-19 infection in progress.

The COVID-19 pandemic is impressively challenging the healthcare system. Several prognostic models have been validated but few of them are implemented in daily practice. The objective of the study was to validate a machine-learning risk prediction model using easy-to-obtain parameters to help to identify patients with COVID-19 who are at higher risk of death. The training cohort included all patients admitted to Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli with COVID-19 from March 5, 2020, to November 5, 2020. Afterward, the model was tested on all patients admitted to the same hospital with COVID-19 from November 6, 2020, to February 5, 2021. The primary outcome was in-hospital case-fatality risk. The out-of-sample performance of the model was estimated from the training set in terms of Area under the Receiving Operator Curve (AUROC) and classification matrix statistics by averaging the results of fivefold cross validation repeated 3-times and comparing the results with those obtained on the test set. An explanation analysis of the model, based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), is also presented. To assess the subsequent time evolution, the change in paO2/FiO2 (P/F) at 48 h after the baseline measurement was plotted against its baseline value. Among the 921 patients included in the training cohort, 120 died (13%). Variables selected for the model were age, platelet count, SpO2, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil count, and sodium. The results of the fivefold cross-validation repeated 3-times gave AUROC of 0.87, and statistics of the classification matrix to the Youden index as follows: sensitivity 0.840, specificity 0.774, negative predictive value 0.971. Then, the model was tested on a new population (n = 1463) in which the case-fatality rate was 22.6%. The test model showed AUROC 0.818, sensitivity 0.813, specificity 0.650, negative predictive value 0.922. Considering the first quartile of the predicted risk score (low-risk sc

Health workers, especially those in patient-facing roles, had a significantly increased risk of COVID-19 infection, having serious outcomes, and risking spreading the virus to patients and staff. Vaccination campaign planning suggests allocating initial supplies of BNT162b2 vaccine to health workers given the importance of early protection to safeguard the continuity of care to patients. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of BNT162b2 vaccine among the health workers of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS (FPG). The retrospective cohort study was conducted among health staff working at the FPG. Vaccination data were collected from hospital records. The primary end points were vaccine effectiveness and safety. A total of 6649 health workers were included, of whom 5162 received injections. There were 14 cases of COVID-19 with onset at least 14 days after the second dose among vaccinated health workers and 45 cases among unvaccinated ones. BNT162b2 was 91.5% effective against COVID-19 (95% credible interval, 84.7% to 95.3%). The safety profile of BNT162b2 vaccine consisted of short-term, non-serious events. The promotion and boost of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign represents a key public health measure useful to curb the spread of the pandemic especially in vulnerable contexts, such as hospitals, where health workers carry out a paramount role for the entire community, and requires further protection with a possible booster dose in view of autumn-winter 2021.

Seasonal flu vaccination is one of the most important strategies for preventing influenza. The attitude towards flu vaccination in light of the COVID-19 pandemic has so far been studied in the literature mostly with the help of surveys and questionnaires. Whether a person chooses to be vaccinated or not during the COVID-19 pandemic, however, speaks louder than any declaration of intention. In our teaching hospital, we registered a statistically significant increase in flu vaccination coverage across all professional categories between the 2019/2020 and the 2020/2021 campaign (24.19% vs. 54.56%, p < 0.0001). A linear regression model, based on data from four previous campaigns, predicted for the 2020/2021 campaign a total flu vaccination coverage of 30.35%. A coverage of 54.46% was, instead, observed, with a statistically significant difference from the predicted value (p < 0.0001). The COVID-19 pandemic can, therefore, be considered as an incentive that significantly and dramatically increased adherence to flu vaccination among our healthcare workers.

Background: The primary nursing care model is considered a personalized model of care delivery based on care continuity and on the relationship between the nurse and patient. Primary nursing checklists are not often mentioned in the literature; however, they represent a valid instrument to develop, implement, and evaluate primary nursing. The aim of this study was to create a structured checklist to explore hospital compliance in primary nursing. Methods: The Delphi method was used to develop and validate a checklist. The preliminary version was created and sent to three experts for their opinions. Their comments were ultimately used in the first version, which included four components with 19 items regarding primary nursing characteristics. A two-round Delphi process was used to generate consensus items. The Delphi panel consisted of six experts working in primary nursing contexts and/or teaching or studying primary nursing. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from July 2020 to January 2021. These experts were asked to rate each element for relevance using a 4-point Likert-type scale. Furthermore, the consensus among the panel of experts was set at ≥78%, with selected items being voted "quite relevant" and "highly relevant". Content validity index (I-CVI) and modified kappa statistic were also calculated. Following expert evaluation, the first version of the checklist was modified, and the new version, constituting 17 items, was sent to the same experts. Results: The first version of the checklist demonstrated a main relevance score of 3.34 (SD = 0.83; range = 1.3-4; mean I-CVI = 0.84; range: 0.83-1), but three items did not receive an adequate I-CVI score, that is, lower than 0.78. After the second round, the I-CVIs improved. The main score of relevance was 3.61 (SD = 0.35; range = 2.83-4; mean I-CVI =0.93). The S-CVI/UA was 0.58, and the S-CVI/Ave was 0.93. Conclusion: Measuring primary nursing compliance should be implemented to provide continuo

Aims: To identify the main diagnostic features of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients at the time of hospitalisation and their prevalence. Background: Since the COVID-19 outbreak in China in December of 2019, several studies attempted to identify the epidemiological, viral and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2. Given the rapid widespread transmission of the COVID-19 disease worldwide, a more comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of its features is needed to better inform nurses, clinicians and public health policy makers. Methods: A rapid review and meta-analysis were carried out to identify the main diagnostic features of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients at the time of hospitalisation. All case series, cross-sectional, case–control and cohort studies published from 01/01/2020 till 30/06/2020 in English and Chinese that stated all or at least two of the outcomes of interest (clinical features, laboratory and radiological findings) were included. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. Conduction of the review adheres to the PRISMA checklist. Results: 21 studies involving 8837 patients were included in the quantitative synthesis. Fever, cough and fatigue were the most common clinical features, while the most relevant laboratory abnormalities at the time of hospitalisation were lymphopenia, elevated C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase. CT images showed a bilateral lung involvement, with ground glass infiltrates and patchy shadows on most patients. Conclusion: This review provides an up-to-date synthesis of main diagnostic features of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients at the time of hospitalisation. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Our findings could provide guidance for nurses and clinicians to early identification of positive patients at the time of the hospitalisation through a complete definition of main clinical features, laboratory and CT findings.

Objective: To identify and meta-synthesize results of qualitative studies on the needs of women cared for by midwives during childbirth in hospitals. Data sources: MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Study selection: We restricted the bibliographic search to articles published in English to July 31, 2020. The initial search yielded 6,407 articles, and after 2,504 duplicates were removed, we screened the titles and abstracts of 3,903 articles. We conducted a full-text review of 89 articles and included 13 qualitative studies about the needs of women who were hospitalized during childbirth and had midwives as their primary maternity care providers. Data extraction: We extracted data (e.g., authors, publication date, type of study, sample size, results, and quotes) from the full text of each article into a standardized table. Two authors reviewed all articles using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool to assess study quality and to independently score each study. Data synthesis: We analyzed the findings of each study and synthesized them to develop themes. We found 14 major themes that reflected the needs of women during hospitalization for childbirth: Nutrition, Hygiene, Privacy, Information, Bodily Respect, Respect for Social Role, Family Intimacy, Shelter, Pain Management, Partnership, Movement, Reassurance, Support, and Empowerment. We categorized these themes in Maslow's hierarchy of needs to better understand the phenomenon. Conclusion: We identified 14 needs that midwives and nurses can meet when they care for women in hospitals during childbirth. Standardized methods to assess these needs and to link them to specific interventions can be used by midwives and nurses, which will likely affect women's satisfaction with their experience and overall quality of care.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku informasi content creator menggunakan model perilaku informasi David Ellis. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sampling dalam penelitian ini merupakan content creator kanal youtube Kok Bisa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pada tahap starting content creator mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasinya melalui key literatur chaining memahami informasi memperkaya sumber informasi browsing menelusuri sumber informasi baik media digital dan cetak differentiating seleksi sumber informasi sesuai preferensi content creator monitoring memantau arus perkembangan sumber informasi extracting identifikasi dan pencatatan poin informasi verifying pemeriksaan kembali informasi yang telah dikumpulkan ending melakukan pengemasan dan membagikan video yang telah dibuat. Dari delapan tahap yang dilakukan terdapat dua tahapan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan oleh content creator yaitu monitoring dan extracting sehingga membentuk suatu karakteristik baru perilaku pencarian informasi.