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1. Near‐Surface Oceanic Kinetic Energy Distributions From Drifter Observations and Numerical Models

Author: Arbic, Brian K., Elipot, Shane, Brasch, Jonathan M., Menemenlis, Dimitris, Ponte, Aurelien, Shriver, Jay F., Yu, Xiaolong, Zaron, Edward D., Alford, Matthew H., Buijsman, Maarten C., Abernathey, Ryan, Garcia, Daniel, Guan, Lingxiao, Martin, Paige E., Nelson, Arin D., Arbic, Brian K., Elipot, Shane, Brasch, Jonathan M., Menemenlis, Dimitris, Ponte, Aurelien, Shriver, Jay F., Yu, Xiaolong, Zaron, Edward D., Alford, Matthew H., Buijsman, Maarten C., Abernathey, Ryan, Garcia, Daniel, Guan, Lingxiao, Martin, Paige E., and Nelson, Arin D.
Abstract: The geographical variability, frequency content, and vertical structure of near-surface oceanic kinetic energy (KE) are important for air-sea interaction, marine ecosystems, operational oceanography, pollutant tracking, and interpreting remotely sensed velocity measurements. Here, KE in high-resolution global simulations (HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model; HYCOM, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model; MITgcm), at the sea surface (0 m) and at 15 m, are compared with KE from undrogued and drogued surface drifters, respectively. Global maps and zonal averages are computed for low-frequency (<0.5 cpd), near-inertial, diurnal, and semidiurnal bands. Both models exhibit low-frequency equatorial KE that is low relative to drifter values. HYCOM near-inertial KE is higher than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, probably due to more frequently updated atmospheric forcing. HYCOM semidiurnal KE is lower than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, likely due to inclusion of a parameterized topographic internal wave drag. A concurrent tidal harmonic analysis in the diurnal band demonstrates that much of the diurnal flow is nontidal. We compute simple proxies of near-surface vertical structure—the ratio 0 m KE/(0 m KE + 15 m KE) in model outputs, and the ratio undrogued KE/(undrogued KE + drogued KE) in drifter observations. Over most latitudes and frequency bands, model ratios track the drifter ratios to within error bars. Values of this ratio demonstrate significant vertical structure in all frequency bands except the semidiurnal band. Latitudinal dependence in the ratio is greatest in diurnal and low-frequency bands. Key Points We examine frequency content of ocean kinetic energy (KE) at the sea surface (0 m) and 15 m depth with global drifter data and two models Near-surface near-inertial and tidal KE in numerical models are sensitive to atmospheric forcing frequency and damping The ratio 0 m KE/(0 m KE + 15 m KE) in models lies within error b
Published: 2022
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2. Impact of internal tides on distributions and variability of Chlorophyll-a and Nutrients in the Indonesian Seas

Author: Capuano, Tonia A., Nugroho, Dwiyoga, Koch-larrouy, Ariane, Dadou, Isabelle, Zaron, Edward D, Tran, Kien Trung, Vantrepotte, Vincent, Allain, Damien, Capuano, Tonia A., Nugroho, Dwiyoga, Koch-larrouy, Ariane, Dadou, Isabelle, Zaron, Edward D, Tran, Kien Trung, Vantrepotte, Vincent, and Allain, Damien
Abstract: Internal tides (ITs) in the Indonesian seas were largely investigated and hotspots of intensified mixing identified in the straits in regional models and observations. Both of them indicate strong mixing up to 10⁻⁴cm/s even close to the surface and show that tides at spring-neap cycle cool by 0.2°C the surface water at ITs' generation sites.These findings supported the idea of strong and surfaced mixing capable of providing cold and nutrient-rich water favorable for the whole ecosystem. However, it has never been assessed through an ad-hoc study. Our aim is to provide a quantification of ITs impact on chlorophyll-a through a coupled model, whose physical part was validated against the INDOMIX data in precedent studies and the biogeochemical part is compared to in-situ samples and satellite products. In particular, explicit tides' inclusion within the model improves the representation of chlorophyll and of the analyzed nutrients. Results from harmonic analysis of chlorophyll-a demonstrate that tidal forcing modify spring/neap tides’ variability on the regions of maximum concentration in correspondence to ITs’ génération areas and to plateau sites where barotropic tides produce large friction reaching the surface. The adoption of measured vertical diffusivities explains the biogéochemical tracers’ transformation within the Halmahera Sea and used to estimate the nutrients' turbulent flux, with an associated increase in new production of ~25% of the total and a growth in mean chlorophyll of ~30%. Hence, we confirm the key role of ITs in shaping vertical distribution and variability of chlorophyll as well as nutrients in the maritime continent.
Published: 2022
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3. Impact of internal tides on distributions and variability of Chlorophyll-a and Nutrients in the Indonesian Seas

Author: Capuano, Tonia A., Nugroho, Dwiyoga, Koch-larrouy, Ariane, Dadou, Isabelle, Zaron, Edward D, Tran, Kien Trung, Vantrepotte, Vincent, Allain, Damien, Capuano, Tonia A., Nugroho, Dwiyoga, Koch-larrouy, Ariane, Dadou, Isabelle, Zaron, Edward D, Tran, Kien Trung, Vantrepotte, Vincent, and Allain, Damien
Abstract: Internal tides (ITs) in the Indonesian seas were largely investigated and hotspots of intensified mixing identified in the straits in regional models and observations. Both of them indicate strong mixing up to 10⁻⁴cm/s even close to the surface and show that tides at spring-neap cycle cool by 0.2°C the surface water at ITs' generation sites.These findings supported the idea of strong and surfaced mixing capable of providing cold and nutrient-rich water favorable for the whole ecosystem. However, it has never been assessed through an ad-hoc study. Our aim is to provide a quantification of ITs impact on chlorophyll-a through a coupled model, whose physical part was validated against the INDOMIX data in precedent studies and the biogeochemical part is compared to in-situ samples and satellite products. In particular, explicit tides' inclusion within the model improves the representation of chlorophyll and of the analyzed nutrients. Results from harmonic analysis of chlorophyll-a demonstrate that tidal forcing modify spring/neap tides’ variability on the regions of maximum concentration in correspondence to ITs’ génération areas and to plateau sites where barotropic tides produce large friction reaching the surface. The adoption of measured vertical diffusivities explains the biogéochemical tracers’ transformation within the Halmahera Sea and used to estimate the nutrients' turbulent flux, with an associated increase in new production of ~25% of the total and a growth in mean chlorophyll of ~30%. Hence, we confirm the key role of ITs in shaping vertical distribution and variability of chlorophyll as well as nutrients in the maritime continent.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Near‐Surface Oceanic Kinetic Energy Distributions From Drifter Observations and Numerical Models

Author: Arbic, Brian K., Elipot, Shane, Brasch, Jonathan M., Menemenlis, Dimitris, Ponte, Aurelien, Shriver, Jay F., Yu, Xiaolong, Zaron, Edward D., Alford, Matthew H., Buijsman, Maarten C., Abernathey, Ryan, Garcia, Daniel, Guan, Lingxiao, Martin, Paige E., Nelson, Arin D., Arbic, Brian K., Elipot, Shane, Brasch, Jonathan M., Menemenlis, Dimitris, Ponte, Aurelien, Shriver, Jay F., Yu, Xiaolong, Zaron, Edward D., Alford, Matthew H., Buijsman, Maarten C., Abernathey, Ryan, Garcia, Daniel, Guan, Lingxiao, Martin, Paige E., and Nelson, Arin D.
Abstract: The geographical variability, frequency content, and vertical structure of near-surface oceanic kinetic energy (KE) are important for air-sea interaction, marine ecosystems, operational oceanography, pollutant tracking, and interpreting remotely sensed velocity measurements. Here, KE in high-resolution global simulations (HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model; HYCOM, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model; MITgcm), at the sea surface (0 m) and at 15 m, are compared with KE from undrogued and drogued surface drifters, respectively. Global maps and zonal averages are computed for low-frequency (<0.5 cpd), near-inertial, diurnal, and semidiurnal bands. Both models exhibit low-frequency equatorial KE that is low relative to drifter values. HYCOM near-inertial KE is higher than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, probably due to more frequently updated atmospheric forcing. HYCOM semidiurnal KE is lower than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, likely due to inclusion of a parameterized topographic internal wave drag. A concurrent tidal harmonic analysis in the diurnal band demonstrates that much of the diurnal flow is nontidal. We compute simple proxies of near-surface vertical structure—the ratio 0 m KE/(0 m KE + 15 m KE) in model outputs, and the ratio undrogued KE/(undrogued KE + drogued KE) in drifter observations. Over most latitudes and frequency bands, model ratios track the drifter ratios to within error bars. Values of this ratio demonstrate significant vertical structure in all frequency bands except the semidiurnal band. Latitudinal dependence in the ratio is greatest in diurnal and low-frequency bands. Key Points We examine frequency content of ocean kinetic energy (KE) at the sea surface (0 m) and 15 m depth with global drifter data and two models Near-surface near-inertial and tidal KE in numerical models are sensitive to atmospheric forcing frequency and damping The ratio 0 m KE/(0 m KE + 15 m KE) in models lies within error b
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Nous, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Nous, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Abstract: In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other
Published: 2021
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6. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi, Adusumilli, Susheel, Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Makhoul Varona, Eduard, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Nogueira Loddo, Carolina, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar, P. Raj, Roshin, Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, Ponce de León, Sonia, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi, Adusumilli, Susheel, Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Makhoul Varona, Eduard, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Nogueira Loddo, Carolina, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar, P. Raj, Roshin, Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, Ponce de León, Sonia, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Published: 2021

7. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Abstract: In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other
Published: 2021
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8. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi, Adusumilli, Susheel, Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Makhoul Varona, Eduard, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Nogueira Loddo, Carolina, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar, P. Raj, Roshin, Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, Ponce de León, Sonia, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi, Adusumilli, Susheel, Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Makhoul Varona, Eduard, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Nogueira Loddo, Carolina, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar, P. Raj, Roshin, Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, Ponce de León, Sonia, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Published: 2021

9. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Ablain, Michael, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barcelo-llull, Barbara, Barlier, Francois, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jerome, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jerome, Boy, Francois, Boy, Jean-paul, Brachet, Cedric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stephane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-faye, Sophie, Cretaux, Jean-francois, Cyr, Frederic, D'Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, Jose, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Diaz-barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joel, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cedric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Gabriel Fernandez, Juan, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frederic, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gomez-enri, Jesus, Gomez-navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Daniele, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idzanovic, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M. M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Selene Lago, Loreley, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Lea, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Remi, Lazaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Leger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoit, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cecile, Marin, Frederic, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, Mcmillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-francois, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Oie, Nino, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Ines, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Etienne, De Leon, Sonia Ponce, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Rayna, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Remy, Frederique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simon, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaun, Corinne, Sanchez-roman, Antonio, Sorensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C. K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Remi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, Luanne, Tintore, Joaquin, Tison, Celine, Tourain, Cedric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sebastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-hsin, Ubelmann, Clement, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Abstract: In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other
Published: 2021
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10. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author: Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, Staerke, Danielle De, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Bella, Alessandro Di, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Penhoat, Yves Du, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Gac, Sophie Le, Sommer, Julien Le, Traon, Pierre-Yves Le, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, León, Sonia Ponce de, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sørensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin, Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Schuckmann, Karina von, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, Zlotnicki, Victor, Abdalla, Saleh, Kolahchi, Abdolnabi Abdeh, Adusumilli, Susheel, Bhowmick, Suchandra Aich, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, Staerke, Danielle De, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Bella, Alessandro Di, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Penhoat, Yves Du, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Gac, Sophie Le, Sommer, Julien Le, Traon, Pierre-Yves Le, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Varona, Eduard Makhoul, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Michaël, Ablain, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Loddo, Carolina Nogueira, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Ozbahceci, Berguzar Oztunali, Raj, Roshin P., Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, León, Sonia Ponce de, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sørensen, Louise Sandberg, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin, Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Shiffer, Nadya Vinogradova, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, Schuckmann, Karina von, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Abstract: In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other
Published: 2021

11. Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future

Author: Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., Willis, Michael J., Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., and Willis, Michael J.
Abstract: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Reviews of Geophysics 58(3), (2020): e2019RG000672, doi:10.1029/2019RG000672., Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea‐level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea‐level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea‐level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea‐level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea‐level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea‐level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea‐level observation network—particularly as related to satellite observations—in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea‐level change., The research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The authors acknowledge support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grants 80NSSC17K0565, 80NSSC170567, 80NSSC17K0566, 80NSSC17K0564, and NNX17AB27G. A. A. acknowledges support under GRACE/GRACEFO Science Team Grant (NNH15ZDA001N‐GRACE). T. W. acknowledges support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under the New (Early Career) Investigator Program in Earth Science (Grant: 80NSSC18K0743). C. G. P was supported by the J. Lamar Worzel Assistant Scientist Fund and the Penzance Endowed Fund in Support of Assistant Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Published: 2020

12. Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future

Author: Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., Willis, Michael J., Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., and Willis, Michael J.
Abstract: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Reviews of Geophysics 58(3), (2020): e2019RG000672, doi:10.1029/2019RG000672., Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea‐level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea‐level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea‐level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea‐level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea‐level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea‐level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea‐level observation network—particularly as related to satellite observations—in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea‐level change., The research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The authors acknowledge support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grants 80NSSC17K0565, 80NSSC170567, 80NSSC17K0566, 80NSSC17K0564, and NNX17AB27G. A. A. acknowledges support under GRACE/GRACEFO Science Team Grant (NNH15ZDA001N‐GRACE). T. W. acknowledges support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under the New (Early Career) Investigator Program in Earth Science (Grant: 80NSSC18K0743). C. G. P was supported by the J. Lamar Worzel Assistant Scientist Fund and the Penzance Endowed Fund in Support of Assistant Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Published: 2020

13. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea-Level Change and the Implications for the Future.

Author: Hamlington, Benjamin D, Hamlington, Benjamin D, Gardner, Alex S, Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan TM, Reager, JT, Trossman, David S, Zaron, Edward D, Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D, Bekaert, David PS, Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P, Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A, Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I, DeConto, Robert M, Fasullo, John T, Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T, Gilford, Daniel M, Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C, Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E, Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X, Nerem, R Steven, Nias, Isabel J, Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G, Ray, Richard D, Rounce, David R, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, Seroussi, Hélène, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V, Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N, Willis, Michael J, Hamlington, Benjamin D, Hamlington, Benjamin D, Gardner, Alex S, Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan TM, Reager, JT, Trossman, David S, Zaron, Edward D, Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D, Bekaert, David PS, Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P, Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A, Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I, DeConto, Robert M, Fasullo, John T, Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T, Gilford, Daniel M, Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C, Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E, Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X, Nerem, R Steven, Nias, Isabel J, Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G, Ray, Richard D, Rounce, David R, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, Seroussi, Hélène, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V, Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N, and Willis, Michael J
Abstract: Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea-level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea-level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea-level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea-level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea-level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea-level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea-level observation network-particularly as related to satellite observations-in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea-level change.
Published: 2020

14. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future

Author: Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Reager, J.T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward, Adhikari, Jan T.M., Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P.S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don, Chandanpurka, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., Deconto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Verònica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, W., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, N., Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., Willis, Michael J., Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Reager, J.T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward, Adhikari, Jan T.M., Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P.S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don, Chandanpurka, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., Deconto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Verònica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, W., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, N., Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., and Willis, Michael J.
Abstract: Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea‐level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea‐level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea‐level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea‐level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea‐level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea‐level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea‐level observation network—particularly as related to satellite observations—in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea‐level change
Published: 2020

15. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

Author: Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., Abernathey, Ryan, Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., and Abernathey, Ryan
Abstract: The surface kinetic energy of a 1/48° global ocean simulation and its distribution as a function of frequency and location are compared with the one estimated from 15,329 globally distributed surface drifter observations at hourly resolution. These distributions follow similar patterns with a dominant low‐frequency component and well‐defined tidal and near‐inertial peaks globally. Quantitative differences are identified with deficits of low‐frequency energy near the equator (factor 2) and at near‐inertial frequencies (factor 3) and an excess of energy at semidiurnal frequencies (factor 4) for the model. Owing to its hourly resolution and its near‐global spatial coverage, the array of surface drifters is an invaluable tool to evaluate the realism of tide‐resolving high‐resolution ocean simulations used in observing system simulation experiments. Sources of bias between model and drifter data are discussed, and associated leads for future work highlighted. Plain Language Summary Ocean currents predominately control the transport and distribution of physical properties (such as heat and momentum) and biochemical tracers (such as carbon, oxygen, and nutrients) in the global oceans. These currents are generally most energetic at the ocean surface and distributed across a broad range of temporal and spatial scales. Global ocean models simulate ocean variability from large‐scale circulations to tidal motions and are used to provide guidance for new global oceanographic observations, especially for future high‐resolution satellite missions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the realism of global ocean models. In this study, we use drifter observations of global surface currents to compare with the output from a 1/48° global ocean simulation. Our results show that the model exhibits a broad qualitative consistency with the surface drifter data but also displays some key differences at high‐frequency dynamics. The model shows a 3 times deficit of near‐inertial variance and a
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

Author: Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., Abernathey, Ryan, Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., and Abernathey, Ryan
Abstract: The surface kinetic energy of a 1/48° global ocean simulation and its distribution as a function of frequency and location are compared with the one estimated from 15,329 globally distributed surface drifter observations at hourly resolution. These distributions follow similar patterns with a dominant low‐frequency component and well‐defined tidal and near‐inertial peaks globally. Quantitative differences are identified with deficits of low‐frequency energy near the equator (factor 2) and at near‐inertial frequencies (factor 3) and an excess of energy at semidiurnal frequencies (factor 4) for the model. Owing to its hourly resolution and its near‐global spatial coverage, the array of surface drifters is an invaluable tool to evaluate the realism of tide‐resolving high‐resolution ocean simulations used in observing system simulation experiments. Sources of bias between model and drifter data are discussed, and associated leads for future work highlighted. Plain Language Summary Ocean currents predominately control the transport and distribution of physical properties (such as heat and momentum) and biochemical tracers (such as carbon, oxygen, and nutrients) in the global oceans. These currents are generally most energetic at the ocean surface and distributed across a broad range of temporal and spatial scales. Global ocean models simulate ocean variability from large‐scale circulations to tidal motions and are used to provide guidance for new global oceanographic observations, especially for future high‐resolution satellite missions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the realism of global ocean models. In this study, we use drifter observations of global surface currents to compare with the output from a 1/48° global ocean simulation. Our results show that the model exhibits a broad qualitative consistency with the surface drifter data but also displays some key differences at high‐frequency dynamics. The model shows a 3 times deficit of near‐inertial variance and a
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D., Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D.
Abstract: The future international Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission, planned for launch in 2021, will make high-resolution 2D observations of sea-surface height using SAR radar interferometric techniques. SWOT will map the global and coastal oceans up to 77.6∘ latitude every 21 days over a swath of 120 km (20 km nadir gap). Today’s 2D mapped altimeter data can resolve ocean scales of 150 km wavelength whereas the SWOT measurement will extend our 2D observations down to 15–30 km, depending on sea state. SWOT will offer new opportunities to observe the oceanic dynamic processes at scales that are important in the generation and dissipation of kinetic energy in the ocean, and that facilitate the exchange of energy between the ocean interior and the upper layer. The active vertical exchanges linked to these scales have impacts on the local and global budgets of heat and carbon, and on nutrients for biogeochemical cycles. This review paper highlights the issues being addressed by the SWOT science community to understand SWOT’s very precise sea surface height (SSH)/surface pressure observations, and it explores how SWOT data will be combined with other satellite and in situ data and models to better understand the upper ocean 4D circulation (x, y, z, t) over the next decade. SWOT will provide unprecedented 2D ocean SSH observations down to 15–30 km in wavelength, which encompasses the scales of “balanced” geostrophic eddy motions, high-frequency internal tides and internal waves. This presents both a challenge in reconstructing the 4D upper ocean circulation, or in the assimilation of SSH in models, but also an opportunity to have global observations of the 2D structure of these phenomena, and to learn more about their interactions. At these small scales, ocean dynamics evolve rapidly, and combining SWOT 2D SSH data with other satellite or in situ data with different space-time coverage is also a challenge. SWOT’s new technology will be a forerunner for the future
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D, Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D
Published: 2019

19. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D, Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D
Published: 2019

20. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D, Morrow, Rosemary, Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-Lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D
Published: 2019

21. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

Author: Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., Abernathey, Ryan, Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., and Abernathey, Ryan
Abstract: The surface kinetic energy of a 1/48° global ocean simulation and its distribution as a function of frequency and location are compared with the one estimated from 15,329 globally distributed surface drifter observations at hourly resolution. These distributions follow similar patterns with a dominant low‐frequency component and well‐defined tidal and near‐inertial peaks globally. Quantitative differences are identified with deficits of low‐frequency energy near the equator (factor 2) and at near‐inertial frequencies (factor 3) and an excess of energy at semidiurnal frequencies (factor 4) for the model. Owing to its hourly resolution and its near‐global spatial coverage, the array of surface drifters is an invaluable tool to evaluate the realism of tide‐resolving high‐resolution ocean simulations used in observing system simulation experiments. Sources of bias between model and drifter data are discussed, and associated leads for future work highlighted. Plain Language Summary Ocean currents predominately control the transport and distribution of physical properties (such as heat and momentum) and biochemical tracers (such as carbon, oxygen, and nutrients) in the global oceans. These currents are generally most energetic at the ocean surface and distributed across a broad range of temporal and spatial scales. Global ocean models simulate ocean variability from large‐scale circulations to tidal motions and are used to provide guidance for new global oceanographic observations, especially for future high‐resolution satellite missions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the realism of global ocean models. In this study, we use drifter observations of global surface currents to compare with the output from a 1/48° global ocean simulation. Our results show that the model exhibits a broad qualitative consistency with the surface drifter data but also displays some key differences at high‐frequency dynamics. The model shows a 3 times deficit of near‐inertial variance and a
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D., Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D.
Abstract: The future international Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission, planned for launch in 2021, will make high-resolution 2D observations of sea-surface height using SAR radar interferometric techniques. SWOT will map the global and coastal oceans up to 77.6∘ latitude every 21 days over a swath of 120 km (20 km nadir gap). Today’s 2D mapped altimeter data can resolve ocean scales of 150 km wavelength whereas the SWOT measurement will extend our 2D observations down to 15–30 km, depending on sea state. SWOT will offer new opportunities to observe the oceanic dynamic processes at scales that are important in the generation and dissipation of kinetic energy in the ocean, and that facilitate the exchange of energy between the ocean interior and the upper layer. The active vertical exchanges linked to these scales have impacts on the local and global budgets of heat and carbon, and on nutrients for biogeochemical cycles. This review paper highlights the issues being addressed by the SWOT science community to understand SWOT’s very precise sea surface height (SSH)/surface pressure observations, and it explores how SWOT data will be combined with other satellite and in situ data and models to better understand the upper ocean 4D circulation (x, y, z, t) over the next decade. SWOT will provide unprecedented 2D ocean SSH observations down to 15–30 km in wavelength, which encompasses the scales of “balanced” geostrophic eddy motions, high-frequency internal tides and internal waves. This presents both a challenge in reconstructing the 4D upper ocean circulation, or in the assimilation of SSH in models, but also an opportunity to have global observations of the 2D structure of these phenomena, and to learn more about their interactions. At these small scales, ocean dynamics evolve rapidly, and combining SWOT 2D SSH data with other satellite or in situ data with different space-time coverage is also a challenge. SWOT’s new technology will be a forerunner for the future
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

Author: Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., Abernathey, Ryan, Yu, Xiaolong, Ponte, Aurelien, Elipot, Shane, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Zaron, Edward D., and Abernathey, Ryan
Abstract: The surface kinetic energy of a 1/48° global ocean simulation and its distribution as a function of frequency and location are compared with the one estimated from 15,329 globally distributed surface drifter observations at hourly resolution. These distributions follow similar patterns with a dominant low‐frequency component and well‐defined tidal and near‐inertial peaks globally. Quantitative differences are identified with deficits of low‐frequency energy near the equator (factor 2) and at near‐inertial frequencies (factor 3) and an excess of energy at semidiurnal frequencies (factor 4) for the model. Owing to its hourly resolution and its near‐global spatial coverage, the array of surface drifters is an invaluable tool to evaluate the realism of tide‐resolving high‐resolution ocean simulations used in observing system simulation experiments. Sources of bias between model and drifter data are discussed, and associated leads for future work highlighted. Plain Language Summary Ocean currents predominately control the transport and distribution of physical properties (such as heat and momentum) and biochemical tracers (such as carbon, oxygen, and nutrients) in the global oceans. These currents are generally most energetic at the ocean surface and distributed across a broad range of temporal and spatial scales. Global ocean models simulate ocean variability from large‐scale circulations to tidal motions and are used to provide guidance for new global oceanographic observations, especially for future high‐resolution satellite missions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the realism of global ocean models. In this study, we use drifter observations of global surface currents to compare with the output from a 1/48° global ocean simulation. Our results show that the model exhibits a broad qualitative consistency with the surface drifter data but also displays some key differences at high‐frequency dynamics. The model shows a 3 times deficit of near‐inertial variance and a
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

Author: Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, Zaron, Edward D., Morrow, Rosemary, Fu, Lee-lueng, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Benkiran, Mounir, Chapron, Bertrand, Cosme, Emmanuel, D’ovidio, Francesco, Farrar, J. Thomas, Gille, Sarah T., Lapeyre, Guillaume, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Pascual, Ananda, Ponte, Aurelien, Qiu, Bo, Rascle, Nicolas, Ubelmann, Clement, Wang, Jinbo, and Zaron, Edward D.
Abstract: The future international Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission, planned for launch in 2021, will make high-resolution 2D observations of sea-surface height using SAR radar interferometric techniques. SWOT will map the global and coastal oceans up to 77.6∘ latitude every 21 days over a swath of 120 km (20 km nadir gap). Today’s 2D mapped altimeter data can resolve ocean scales of 150 km wavelength whereas the SWOT measurement will extend our 2D observations down to 15–30 km, depending on sea state. SWOT will offer new opportunities to observe the oceanic dynamic processes at scales that are important in the generation and dissipation of kinetic energy in the ocean, and that facilitate the exchange of energy between the ocean interior and the upper layer. The active vertical exchanges linked to these scales have impacts on the local and global budgets of heat and carbon, and on nutrients for biogeochemical cycles. This review paper highlights the issues being addressed by the SWOT science community to understand SWOT’s very precise sea surface height (SSH)/surface pressure observations, and it explores how SWOT data will be combined with other satellite and in situ data and models to better understand the upper ocean 4D circulation (x, y, z, t) over the next decade. SWOT will provide unprecedented 2D ocean SSH observations down to 15–30 km in wavelength, which encompasses the scales of “balanced” geostrophic eddy motions, high-frequency internal tides and internal waves. This presents both a challenge in reconstructing the 4D upper ocean circulation, or in the assimilation of SSH in models, but also an opportunity to have global observations of the 2D structure of these phenomena, and to learn more about their interactions. At these small scales, ocean dynamics evolve rapidly, and combining SWOT 2D SSH data with other satellite or in situ data with different space-time coverage is also a challenge. SWOT’s new technology will be a forerunner for the future
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Shallow Turbulence in Rivers and Estuaries

Author: PORTLAND STATE UNIV OR, Talke, Stefan A, Zaron, Edward D, Chickadel, Chris, PORTLAND STATE UNIV OR, Talke, Stefan A, Zaron, Edward D, and Chickadel, Chris
Abstract: The long-term goal of the Shallow Turbulence in Rivers and Estuaries project is to improve our understanding of turbulent mixing processes and energy dissipation in estuaries and rivers. Specifically, the project goals are to improve understanding of the eddying motion occurring at horizontal length scales greater than the water depth, and their interaction with bottom boundary turbulence. Our study is leading to an improved understanding of shallow turbulence and its role in lateral transport and dispersion in estuaries and rivers, and better interpretation and use of remotelysensed signatures. The parameterization of lateral transport and its interpretation within hydrodynamic models may also be improved. The Shallow Turbulence in Rivers and Estuaries project is analyzing and comparing existing field data, remotely sensed data, and Delft3D numerical data for evidence of large scale, quasi-2D eddies that are much larger than the depth. Specific objectives are to: 1. Determine spatial patterns of shallow turbulence from in-situ and remote sensing data and investigate the effects and interactions of these structures with bottom boundary layer processes and turbulence statistics; 2. Elucidate shallow turbulence properties and processes through numerical modeling studies, and statistically reproduce the large-scale turbulence observed from in-situ records; and 3. Synthesize and understand the implications of shallow turbulence by means of the turbulent kinetic energy balance, statistical methods, and collapsing data onto a phase diagram.
Published: 2013

26. Validation Test Report for the Tidal Open-Boundary Prediction System (TOPS)

Author: NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV, Martin, Paul J, Smith, Scott R, Dawson, Gretchen M, Posey, Pamela G, Zaron, Edward D, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV, Martin, Paul J, Smith, Scott R, Dawson, Gretchen M, Posey, Pamela G, and Zaron, Edward D
Abstract: This Validation Test Report presents tests of the use of the Oregon State University (OSU) Tidal Inversion Software (OTIS) to provide tidal boundary conditions (BCs) for the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) in several regional and coastal domains. OTIS is a set of programs designed to generate optimal tidal solutions within an ocean domain by 4D variational assimilation of tidal data from various sources, including satellite altimetry and coastal tide gauges. The procedure used to generate tidal BCs is that OTIS is run on the grid used by NCOM to generate a tidal solution for that domain, and values from the OTIS solution are used to provide tidal BCs for NCOM. The tides generated by NCOM with BCs from OTIS and from existing regional and global tidal data bases are compared. Tidal errors are computed by comparison of the tidal solutions with coastal tide-gauge and satellite altimeter data. For large ocean domains, using tidal BCs from OTIS and from existing tidal data bases gave comparable errors. For smaller domains, using tidal BCs from OTIS gave a small improvement, overall, compared to using BCs from the tidal data bases. The OTIS tidal solutions, themselves, generally provide more accurate tides than the tidal data bases in small, coastal domains.
Published: 2011

27. Interface Journal vol 10, no 1, April 1986.

Author: Zaron, Edward; Bailey, Scott; Ho, David; Hobson, Dana; Ross, Mike; Miller, Shelly; Hughes, Lee; McGowan, John; Mooyama, Dean; Peneau, Jean and Zaron, Edward; Bailey, Scott; Ho, David; Hobson, Dana; Ross, Mike; Miller, Shelly; Hughes, Lee; McGowan, John; Mooyama, Dean; Peneau, Jean
Subjects: College students., College publications California Claremont., Students., Étudiants., Publications universitaires Californie Claremont., students., Students, College publications, College students, California Claremont
Abstract: Table of Contents: "The Set of Points Invariant Under Inversion with Respect to n Circles" by Edward Zaron "Population Dynamics of Deer" by Scott Bailey, David Ho, Dana Hobson "Principles of Effective Technical Writing" by Mike Ross "Rectifiable Curves" by Shelly Miller "Frequency Computation Algorithm for a Programmable Phase Lock Loop Synthesizer" by Lee Hughes, John McGowan, Dean Mooyama, Jean Peneau.
Published: 1986

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27 results on '"Zaron, Edward"'

1. Near‐Surface Oceanic Kinetic Energy Distributions From Drifter Observations and Numerical Models

2. Impact of internal tides on distributions and variability of Chlorophyll-a and Nutrients in the Indonesian Seas

3. Impact of internal tides on distributions and variability of Chlorophyll-a and Nutrients in the Indonesian Seas

4. Near‐Surface Oceanic Kinetic Energy Distributions From Drifter Observations and Numerical Models

5. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

6. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

7. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

8. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

9. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

10. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

11. Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future

12. Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future

13. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea-Level Change and the Implications for the Future.

14. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future

15. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

16. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

17. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

18. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

19. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

20. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

21. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

22. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

23. Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

24. Global Observations of Fine-Scale Ocean Surface Topography With the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission

25. Shallow Turbulence in Rivers and Estuaries

26. Validation Test Report for the Tidal Open-Boundary Prediction System (TOPS)

27. Interface Journal vol 10, no 1, April 1986.

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27 results on '"Zaron, Edward"'

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