Search

Your search keyword '"Zanini, G"' showing total 16 results
Start Over Author "Zanini, G" Database OAIster
16 results on '"Zanini, G"'

1. Experimental and in silico evaluations of the possible molecular interaction between airborne particulate matter and SARS-CoV-2

Author

Romeo, A, Pellegrini, R, Gualtieri, M, Benassi, B, Santoro, M, Iacovelli, F, Stracquadanio, M, Falconi, M, Marino, C, Zanini, G, Arcangeli, C, Romeo A., Pellegrini R., Gualtieri M., Benassi B., Santoro M., Iacovelli F., Stracquadanio M., Falconi M., Marino C., Zanini G., Arcangeli C., Romeo, A, Pellegrini, R, Gualtieri, M, Benassi, B, Santoro, M, Iacovelli, F, Stracquadanio, M, Falconi, M, Marino, C, Zanini, G, Arcangeli, C, Romeo A., Pellegrini R., Gualtieri M., Benassi B., Santoro M., Iacovelli F., Stracquadanio M., Falconi M., Marino C., Zanini G., and Arcangeli C.

Abstract

During the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (winter 2020), the northern part of Italy has been significantly affected by viral infection compared to the rest of the country leading the scientific community to hypothesize that airborne particulate matter (PM) could act as a carrier for the SARS-CoV-2. To address this controversial issue, we first verified and demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome on PM2.5 samples, collected in the city of Bologna (Northern Italy) in winter 2021. Then, we employed classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the possible recognition mechanism(s) between a newly modelled PM2.5 fragment and the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. The potential molecular interaction highlighted by MD simulations suggests that the glycans covering the upper Spike protein regions would mediate the direct contact with the PM2.5 carbon core surface, while a cloud of organic and inorganic PM2.5 components surround the glycoprotein with a network of non-bonded interactions resulting in up to 4769 total contacts. Moreover, a binding free energy of −207.2 ± 3.9 kcal/mol was calculated for the PM-Spike interface through the MM/GBSA method, and structural analyses also suggested that PM attachment does not alter the protein conformational dynamics. Although the association between the PM and SARS-CoV-2 appears plausible, this simulation does not assess whether these established interactions are sufficiently stable to carry the virus in the atmosphere, or whether the virion retains its infectiousness after the transport. While these key aspects should be verified by further experimental analyses, for the first time, this pioneering study gains insights into the molecular interactions between PM and SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and will support further research aiming at clarifying the possible relationship between PM abundance and the airborne diffusion of viruses.

Published
2023

2. Emission Factors of CO2 and Airborne Pollutants and Toxicological Potency of Biofuels for Airplane Transport: A Preliminary Assessment

Author

Gualtieri, M, Berico, M, Grollino, M, Cremona, G, La Torretta, T, Malaguti, A, Petralia, E, Stracquadanio, M, Santoro, M, Benassi, B, Piersanti, A, Chiappa, A, Bernabei, M, Zanini, G, Gualtieri M., Berico M., Grollino M. G., Cremona G., La Torretta T., Malaguti A., Petralia E., Stracquadanio M., Santoro M., Benassi B., Piersanti A., Chiappa A., Bernabei M., Zanini G., Gualtieri, M, Berico, M, Grollino, M, Cremona, G, La Torretta, T, Malaguti, A, Petralia, E, Stracquadanio, M, Santoro, M, Benassi, B, Piersanti, A, Chiappa, A, Bernabei, M, Zanini, G, Gualtieri M., Berico M., Grollino M. G., Cremona G., La Torretta T., Malaguti A., Petralia E., Stracquadanio M., Santoro M., Benassi B., Piersanti A., Chiappa A., Bernabei M., and Zanini G.

Abstract

Aviation is one of the sectors affecting climate change, and concerns have been raised over the increase in the number of flights all over the world. To reduce the climate impact, efforts have been dedicated to introducing biofuel blends as alternatives to fossil fuels. Here, we report environmentally relevant data on the emission factors of biofuel/fossil fuel blends (from 13 to 17% v/v). Moreover, in vitro direct exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells to the emissions was studied to determine their potential intrinsic hazard and to outline relevant lung doses. The results show that the tested biofuel blends do not reduce the emissions of particles and other chemical species compared to the fossil fuel. The blends do reduce the elemental carbon (less than 40%) and total volatile organic compounds (less than 30%) compared to fossil fuel emissions. The toxicological outcomes show an increase in oxidative cellular response after only 40 min of exposure, with biofuels causing a lower response compared to fossil fuels, and lung-deposited doses show differences among the fuels tested. The data reported provide evidence of the possibility to reduce the climate impact of the aviation sector and contribute to the risk assessment of biofuels for aviation.

Published
2022

3. From single to multivariable exposure models to translate climatic and air pollution effects into mortality risk. A customized application to the city of Rome, Italy

Author

Michetti, M, Adani, M, Anav, A, Benassi, B, Dalmastri, C, D'Elia, I, Gualtieri, M, Piersanti, A, Sannino, G, Uccelli, R, Zanini, G, Michetti M., Adani M., Anav A., Benassi B., Dalmastri C., D'Elia I., Gualtieri M., Piersanti A., Sannino G., Uccelli R., Zanini G., Michetti, M, Adani, M, Anav, A, Benassi, B, Dalmastri, C, D'Elia, I, Gualtieri, M, Piersanti, A, Sannino, G, Uccelli, R, Zanini, G, Michetti M., Adani M., Anav A., Benassi B., Dalmastri C., D'Elia I., Gualtieri M., Piersanti A., Sannino G., Uccelli R., and Zanini G.

Abstract

This study presents an approach developed to derive a Delayed-Multivariate Exposure-Response Model (D-MERF) useful to assess the short-term influence of temperature on mortality, accounting also for the effect of air pollution (O3 and PM10). By using Distributed, lag non-linear models (DLNM) we explain how city-specific exposure-response functions are derived for the municipality of Rome, which is taken as an example. The steps illustrated can be replicated to other cities while the statistical model presented here can be further extended to other exposure variables. We derive the mortality relative-risk (RR) curve averaged over the period 2004–2015, which accounts for city-specific climate and pollution conditions. Key aspects of customization are as follows: This study reports the steps followed to derive a combined, multivariate exposure-response model aimed at translating climatic and air pollution effects into mortality risk. Integration of climate and air pollution parameters to derive RR values. A specific interest is devoted to the investigation of delayed effects on mortality in the presence of different exposure factors.

Published
2022

4. Climate change and air pollution: Translating their interplay into present and future mortality risk for Rome and Milan municipalities

Author

Michetti, M, Gualtieri, M, Anav, A, Adani, M, Benassi, B, Dalmastri, C, D'Elia, I, Piersanti, A, Sannino, G, Zanini, G, Uccelli, R, Michetti M., Gualtieri M., Anav A., Adani M., Benassi B., Dalmastri C., D'Elia I., Piersanti A., Sannino G., Zanini G., Uccelli R., Michetti, M, Gualtieri, M, Anav, A, Adani, M, Benassi, B, Dalmastri, C, D'Elia, I, Piersanti, A, Sannino, G, Zanini, G, Uccelli, R, Michetti M., Gualtieri M., Anav A., Adani M., Benassi B., Dalmastri C., D'Elia I., Piersanti A., Sannino G., Zanini G., and Uccelli R.

Abstract

Heat and cold temperatures associated with exposure to poor air quality lead to increased mortality. Using a generalized linear model with Poisson regression for overdispersion, this study quantifies the natural-caused mortality burden attributable to heat/cold temperatures and PM10 and O3 air pollutants in Rome and Milan, the two most populated Italian cities. We calculate local-specific mortality relative risks (RRs) for the period 2004–2015 considering the overall population and the most vulnerable age category (≥85 years). Combining a regional climate model with a chemistry-transport model under future climate and air pollution scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5), we then project mortality to 2050. Results show that for historical mortality the burden is much larger for cold than for warm temperatures. RR peaks during wintertime in Milan and summertime in Rome, highlighting the relevance of accounting for the effects of air pollution besides that of climate, in particular PM10 for Milan and O3 for Rome. Overall, Milan reports higher RRs while, in both cities, the elderly appear more susceptible to heat/cold and air pollution events than the average population. Two counterbalancing effects shape mortality in the future: an increase associated with higher and more frequent warmer daily temperatures – especially in the case of climate inaction – and a decrease due to declining cold-mortality burden. The outcomes highlight the urgent need to adopt more stringent and integrated climate and air quality policies to reduce the temperature and air pollution combined effects on health.

Published
2022

5. The Italian national air pollution control programme: Air quality, health impact and cost assessment

Author

Piersanti, A, D'Elia, I, Gualtieri, M, Briganti, G, Cappelletti, A, Zanini, G, Ciancarella, L, Piersanti A., D'Elia I., Gualtieri M., Briganti G., Cappelletti A., Zanini G., Ciancarella L., Piersanti, A, D'Elia, I, Gualtieri, M, Briganti, G, Cappelletti, A, Zanini, G, Ciancarella, L, Piersanti A., D'Elia I., Gualtieri M., Briganti G., Cappelletti A., Zanini G., and Ciancarella L.

Abstract

Air pollution is the primary environmental cause of death globally. To improve air quality and reduce health impacts, the National Emission Ceilings Directive requires Member States of the European Union to provide National Air Pollution Control Programmes, including emission reduction measures aimed to achieve binding commitments for the years 2020 and 2030. Integrated assessment models are pivotal to assess the reduction of pollutants concentrations determined by measures implemented or foreseen for emission reduction. Here we discuss scenarios elaborated for year 2030 in the Italian National Air Pollution Control Programme, considering 2010 as reference year. The two scenarios, "With Measures" and "With Additional Measures", show a significant reduction of the pollutants concentration, namely PM2.5, NO2 and O3. The scenarios are here also used to provide an integrated approach for calculating the effect of the program on health impacts (mortality) and related costs. Avoidable attributable cases and associated costs are here reported at both the national and regional level and provide a significant framework to assess air-pollution reduction measures with an integrated approach. The procedure proposed may be therefore further developed and applied to assess the overall positive benefits (environmental, health and economic) determined by air-pollution control plans or other integrated policies targeting air quality, energy and climate goals.

Published
2021

6. COMPASS criteria applied to a contemporary cohort of unselected patients with stable coronary artery diseases: Insights from the STARTregistry

Author

De Luca, L, Formigli, D, Meessen, J, Uguccioni, M, Cosentino, N, Paolillo, C, Di Lenarda, A, Colivicchi, F, Gabrielli, D, Gulizia, M, Scherillo, M, Maras, P, Ramani, F, Falcone, C, Passarelli, I, Mauri, S, Calabro, P, Bianchi, R, Di Palma, G, Mascia, F, Vetrano, A, Fusco, A, Proia, E, Aiello, A, Tomai, F, Licitra, R, Petrolini, A, Bosco, B, Magliari, F, Callerame, M, Mazzella, T, Lettica, G, Coco, G, Incao, F, Marinacci, L, D'Addario, S, Tartaglione, S, Ubaldi, S, Sanchez, F, Costa, P, Manca, G, Failla, M, Procaccini, V, Senni, M, Luminita, E, Bonomo, P, Mossa, C, Corda, S, Colavita, A, Trevisonno, G, Vizzari, G, Formaro, C, Nalin, I, De Rosa, F, Fontana, F, Fuscaldo, G, Passamonti, E, Bertella, E, Calvaruso, E, Varani, E, Tani, F, Cicchitelli, G, Paoloni, P, Marziali, A, Campo, G, Tebaldi, M, Biscaglia, S, Di Biase, M, Brunetti, N, Gallotta, A, Mattei, L, Marini, R, Balsemin, F, D'Urbano, M, Naio, R, Vicinelli, P, Arena, G, Mazzini, M, Gigli, N, Miserrafiti, B, Monopoli, A, Mortara, A, Delfino, P, Chioffi, M, Marino, P, Gravellone, M, Barbieri, L, Ledda, A, Geraci, G, Carmina, M, Raisaro, A, Di Giacomo, C, Somaschini, A, Fasano, M, Sannazzaro, M, Arcieri, R, Pantaleoni, M, Leuzzi, C, Gorlato, G, Greco, G, Chiera, A, Ammaturo, T, Malanchini, G, Del Corral, M, Tedesco, L, Pede, S, Urso, L, Piscione, F, Galasso, G, Provasoli, S, Fattore, L, Lucca, G, Cresti, A, Cardillo, A, Fera, M, Vennettilli, F, Gaudio, C, Paravati, V, Caldarola, P, Locuratolo, N, Verlato, R, De Conti, F, Turiano, G, Preti, G, Moretti, L, Silenzi, S, Colonna, G, Picciolo, A, Nicosia, A, Cascone, C, Di Sciascio, G, Mangiacapra, F, Russo, A, Mastroianno, S, Esposito, G, Cosmi, F, D'Orazio, S, Costantini, C, Lanari, A, De Rosa, P, Esposito, L, Bilato, C, Dalla Valle, C, Ceresa, M, Colombo, E, Pennisi, V, Casciola, G, Driussi, M, Bisceglia, T, Scalvini, S, Rivadossi, F, Volpe, M, Comito, F, Scorzoni, D, Grimoldi, P, Lagioia, R, Santoro, D, De Cesare, N, Comotti, T, Poli, A, Martina, P, Musolino, M, Multari, E, Bilardo, G, Scalchi, G, Olivieri, C, Caranci, F, Pavan, D, Ganci, G, Mariani, A, Falchetti, E, Lanzillo, T, Caccavale, A, Bongo, A, Rizzi, A, Favilli, R, Maffei, S, Mallardo, M, Fulgione, C, Bordin, F, Bonmassari, R, Battaia, E, Puzzo, A, Vianello, G, D'Arpino, A, Romei, M, Pajes, G, Petronzelli, S, Ghezzi, F, Brigido, S, Pignatelli, L, Brscic, E, Sori, P, Russo, M, Biancolillo, E, Ignone, G, De Giorgio, N, Campaniello, C, Ponticelli, P, Margonato, A, Gerosa, S, Cutaia, A, Casalicchio, C, Bartolomucci, F, Larosa, C, Spadafina, T, Putignano, A, Se Cristofaro, R, Bernardi, L, Sommariva, L, Celestini, A, Bertucci, C, Marchetti, M, Franceschini Grisolia, E, Ammendolea, C, Carini, M, Scipione, P, Politano, M, Rubino, G, Reina, C, Peccerillo, N, Paloscia, L, D'Alleva, A, Petacchi, R, Pignalosa, M, Lucchetti, D, Di Palma, F, La Mastra, R, Amico, A, De Filippis, M, Fontanella, B, Zanini, G, Casolo, G, Del Meglio, J, Parato, V, Genovesi, E, D'Alimonte, A, Miglioranza, A, Alessandri, N, Moscariello, F, Mauro, C, Sasso, A, Caso, P, Petrillo, C, Napoletano, C, Paparoni, S, Bernardo, V, Serdoz, R, Rotunno, R, Oppo, I, Aloisio, A, Aurelio, A, Licciardello, G, Cassaniti, L, Francese, G, Marcassa, C, Temporelli, P, Villani, R, Zorzoli, F, Mileto, F, De Vecchis, M, Scolozzi, D, Lupi, G, Caruso, D, Rebulla, E, La Fata, B, Anselmi, M, Girardi, P, Borruso, E, Ferrantelli, G, Sassone, B, Bressan, S, Capriolo, M, Pelissero, E, Piancastelli, M, Gobbi, M, Cocco, F, Bruno, M, Berti, S, Lo Surdo, G, Tanzi, P, De Rosa, R, Vilei, E, De Iaco, M, Grassi, G, Zanella, C, Marullo, L, Alfano, G, Pelaggi, P, Talarico, R, Tuccillo, B, Irace, L, Proietti, F, Di Croce, G, Di Lorenzo, L, Zarrilli, A, Bongini, M, Ranise, A, Aprile, A, Fornengo, C, Capogrosso, V, Tranghese, A, Golia, B, Marziano, A, Roncon, L, Picariello, C, Bagni, E, Leci, E, Gregorio, G, Gatto, F, Piemonte, F, Gervasio, F, Navazio, A, Guerri, E, Belmonte, E, Marino, F, Di Belardino, N, Di Nuzzo, M, Epifani, M, Comolatti, G, Conconi, B, Benea, D, Casu, G, Merella, P, Ammirati, M, Corrado, V, Spagnolo, D, Caico, S, Bonizzato, S, Margheri, M, Corrado, L, Antonicelli, R, Ferrigno, C, Merlino, A, Nassiacos, D, Antonelli, A, Marchese, A, Villella, A, Bechi, S, Lo Bianco, F, Bedogni, F, Negro, L, Donato, L, Statile, D, Cassin, M, Fedele, F, Granatelli, A, Calcagno, S, Politi, A, Pani, A, De Luca L., Formigli D., Meessen J., Uguccioni M., Cosentino N., Paolillo C., Di Lenarda A., Colivicchi F., Gabrielli D., Gulizia M. M., Scherillo M., Maras P., Ramani F., Falcone C., Passarelli I., Mauri S., Calabro P., Bianchi R., Di Palma G., Mascia F., Vetrano A., Fusco A., Proia E., Aiello A., Tomai F., Licitra R., Petrolini A., Bosco B., Magliari F., Callerame M., Mazzella T., Lettica G. V., Coco G., Incao F., Marinacci L., D'Addario S., Tartaglione S. N., Ubaldi S., Sanchez F. A., Costa P., Manca G., Failla M., Procaccini V., Senni M., Luminita E. M., Bonomo P., Mossa C., Corda S., Colavita A. R., Trevisonno G., Vizzari G., Formaro C., Nalin I. L., De Rosa F. M., Fontana F., Fuscaldo G. F., Passamonti E., Bertella E., Calvaruso E. V., Varani E., Tani F., Cicchitelli G., Paoloni P., Marziali A., Campo G., Tebaldi M., Biscaglia S., Di Biase M., Brunetti N. D., Gallotta A. M., Mattei L., Marini R., Balsemin F., D'Urbano M., Naio R., Vicinelli P., Arena G., Mazzini M., Gigli N., Miserrafiti B., Monopoli A., Mortara A., Delfino P., Chioffi M. M., Marino P., Gravellone M., Barbieri L., Ledda A., Geraci G., Carmina M. G., Raisaro A. E., Di Giacomo C., Somaschini A., Fasano M. L., Sannazzaro M., Arcieri R., Pantaleoni M., Leuzzi C., Gorlato G., Greco G., Chiera A., Ammaturo T. A., Malanchini G., Del Corral M. P., Tedesco L., Pede S., Urso L. G., Piscione F., Galasso G., Provasoli S., Fattore L., Lucca G., Cresti A., Cardillo A., Fera M. S., Vennettilli F., Gaudio C., Paravati V., Caldarola P., Locuratolo N., Verlato R., De Conti F., Turiano G., Preti G., Moretti L., Silenzi S., Colonna G., Picciolo A., Nicosia A., Cascone C., Di Sciascio G., Mangiacapra F., Russo A., Mastroianno S., Esposito G., Cosmi F., D'Orazio S., Costantini C., Lanari A., De Rosa P., Esposito L., Bilato C., Dalla Valle C., Ceresa M., Colombo E., Pennisi V., Casciola G., Driussi M., Bisceglia T., Scalvini S., Rivadossi F., Volpe M., Comito F., Scorzoni D., Grimoldi P., Lagioia R., Santoro D., De Cesare N., Comotti T., Poli A., Martina P., Musolino M. F., Multari E. I., Bilardo G., Scalchi G., Olivieri C., Caranci F., Pavan D., Ganci G., Mariani A., Falchetti E., Lanzillo T., Caccavale A., Bongo A. S., Rizzi A., Favilli R., Maffei S., Mallardo M., Fulgione C., Bordin F., Bonmassari R., Battaia E., Puzzo A., Vianello G., D'Arpino A., Romei M., Pajes G., Petronzelli S., Ghezzi F., Brigido S., Pignatelli L., Brscic E., Sori P., Russo M., Biancolillo E., Ignone G., De Giorgio N. A., Campaniello C., Ponticelli P., Margonato A., Gerosa S., Cutaia A., Casalicchio C., Bartolomucci F., Larosa C., Spadafina T., Putignano A., Se Cristofaro R., Bernardi L., Sommariva L., Celestini A., Bertucci C. M., Marchetti M., Franceschini Grisolia E., Ammendolea C., Carini M., Scipione P., Politano M., Rubino G., Reina C., Peccerillo N., Paloscia L., D'Alleva A., Petacchi R., Pignalosa M., Lucchetti D., Di Palma F., La Mastra R. A., Amico A. F., De Filippis M., Fontanella B., Zanini G., Casolo G., Del Meglio J., Parato V. M., Genovesi E., D'Alimonte A., Miglioranza A., Alessandri N., Moscariello F., Mauro C., Sasso A., Caso P., Petrillo C., Napoletano C., Paparoni S. R., Bernardo V., Serdoz R., Rotunno R., Oppo I., Aloisio A., Aurelio A., Licciardello G., Cassaniti L., Francese G. M., Marcassa C., Temporelli P. L., Villani R., Zorzoli F., Mileto F., De Vecchis M., Scolozzi D., Lupi G., Caruso D., Rebulla E., La Fata B., Anselmi M., Girardi P., Borruso E., Ferrantelli G., Sassone B., Bressan S., Capriolo M., Pelissero E., Piancastelli M., Gobbi M., Cocco F., Bruno M. G., Berti S., Lo Surdo G., Tanzi P., De Rosa R., Vilei E., De Iaco M. R., Grassi G., Zanella C., Marullo L., Alfano G., Pelaggi P., Talarico R., Tuccillo B., Irace L., Proietti F., Di Croce G., Di Lorenzo L., Zarrilli A., Bongini M., Ranise A., Aprile A., Fornengo C., Capogrosso V., Tranghese A., Golia B., Marziano A., Roncon L., Picariello C., Bagni E., Leci E., Gregorio G., Gatto F., Piemonte F., Gervasio F., Navazio A., Guerri E., Belmonte E., Marino F., Di Belardino N., Di Nuzzo M. R., Epifani M., Comolatti G., Conconi B., Benea D., Casu G., Merella P., Ammirati M. A., Corrado V. M., Spagnolo D., Caico S. I., Bonizzato S., Margheri M., Corrado L., Antonicelli R., Ferrigno C., Merlino A., Nassiacos D., Antonelli A., Marchese A., Villella A., Bechi S., Lo Bianco F., Bedogni F., Negro L., Donato L., Statile D., Cassin M., Fedele F., Granatelli A., Calcagno S., Politi A., Pani A., De Luca, L, Formigli, D, Meessen, J, Uguccioni, M, Cosentino, N, Paolillo, C, Di Lenarda, A, Colivicchi, F, Gabrielli, D, Gulizia, M, Scherillo, M, Maras, P, Ramani, F, Falcone, C, Passarelli, I, Mauri, S, Calabro, P, Bianchi, R, Di Palma, G, Mascia, F, Vetrano, A, Fusco, A, Proia, E, Aiello, A, Tomai, F, Licitra, R, Petrolini, A, Bosco, B, Magliari, F, Callerame, M, Mazzella, T, Lettica, G, Coco, G, Incao, F, Marinacci, L, D'Addario, S, Tartaglione, S, Ubaldi, S, Sanchez, F, Costa, P, Manca, G, Failla, M, Procaccini, V, Senni, M, Luminita, E, Bonomo, P, Mossa, C, Corda, S, Colavita, A, Trevisonno, G, Vizzari, G, Formaro, C, Nalin, I, De Rosa, F, Fontana, F, Fuscaldo, G, Passamonti, E, Bertella, E, Calvaruso, E, Varani, E, Tani, F, Cicchitelli, G, Paoloni, P, Marziali, A, Campo, G, Tebaldi, M, Biscaglia, S, Di Biase, M, Brunetti, N, Gallotta, A, Mattei, L, Marini, R, Balsemin, F, D'Urbano, M, Naio, R, Vicinelli, P, Arena, G, Mazzini, M, Gigli, N, Miserrafiti, B, Monopoli, A, Mortara, A, Delfino, P, Chioffi, M, Marino, P, Gravellone, M, Barbieri, L, Ledda, A, Geraci, G, Carmina, M, Raisaro, A, Di Giacomo, C, Somaschini, A, Fasano, M, Sannazzaro, M, Arcieri, R, Pantaleoni, M, Leuzzi, C, Gorlato, G, Greco, G, Chiera, A, Ammaturo, T, Malanchini, G, Del Corral, M, Tedesco, L, Pede, S, Urso, L, Piscione, F, Galasso, G, Provasoli, S, Fattore, L, Lucca, G, Cresti, A, Cardillo, A, Fera, M, Vennettilli, F, Gaudio, C, Paravati, V, Caldarola, P, Locuratolo, N, Verlato, R, De Conti, F, Turiano, G, Preti, G, Moretti, L, Silenzi, S, Colonna, G, Picciolo, A, Nicosia, A, Cascone, C, Di Sciascio, G, Mangiacapra, F, Russo, A, Mastroianno, S, Esposito, G, Cosmi, F, D'Orazio, S, Costantini, C, Lanari, A, De Rosa, P, Esposito, L, Bilato, C, Dalla Valle, C, Ceresa, M, Colombo, E, Pennisi, V, Casciola, G, Driussi, M, Bisceglia, T, Scalvini, S, Rivadossi, F, Volpe, M, Comito, F, Scorzoni, D, Grimoldi, P, Lagioia, R, Santoro, D, De Cesare, N, Comotti, T, Poli, A, Martina, P, Musolino, M, Multari, E, Bilardo, G, Scalchi, G, Olivieri, C, Caranci, F, Pavan, D, Ganci, G, Mariani, A, Falchetti, E, Lanzillo, T, Caccavale, A, Bongo, A, Rizzi, A, Favilli, R, Maffei, S, Mallardo, M, Fulgione, C, Bordin, F, Bonmassari, R, Battaia, E, Puzzo, A, Vianello, G, D'Arpino, A, Romei, M, Pajes, G, Petronzelli, S, Ghezzi, F, Brigido, S, Pignatelli, L, Brscic, E, Sori, P, Russo, M, Biancolillo, E, Ignone, G, De Giorgio, N, Campaniello, C, Ponticelli, P, Margonato, A, Gerosa, S, Cutaia, A, Casalicchio, C, Bartolomucci, F, Larosa, C, Spadafina, T, Putignano, A, Se Cristofaro, R, Bernardi, L, Sommariva, L, Celestini, A, Bertucci, C, Marchetti, M, Franceschini Grisolia, E, Ammendolea, C, Carini, M, Scipione, P, Politano, M, Rubino, G, Reina, C, Peccerillo, N, Paloscia, L, D'Alleva, A, Petacchi, R, Pignalosa, M, Lucchetti, D, Di Palma, F, La Mastra, R, Amico, A, De Filippis, M, Fontanella, B, Zanini, G, Casolo, G, Del Meglio, J, Parato, V, Genovesi, E, D'Alimonte, A, Miglioranza, A, Alessandri, N, Moscariello, F, Mauro, C, Sasso, A, Caso, P, Petrillo, C, Napoletano, C, Paparoni, S, Bernardo, V, Serdoz, R, Rotunno, R, Oppo, I, Aloisio, A, Aurelio, A, Licciardello, G, Cassaniti, L, Francese, G, Marcassa, C, Temporelli, P, Villani, R, Zorzoli, F, Mileto, F, De Vecchis, M, Scolozzi, D, Lupi, G, Caruso, D, Rebulla, E, La Fata, B, Anselmi, M, Girardi, P, Borruso, E, Ferrantelli, G, Sassone, B, Bressan, S, Capriolo, M, Pelissero, E, Piancastelli, M, Gobbi, M, Cocco, F, Bruno, M, Berti, S, Lo Surdo, G, Tanzi, P, De Rosa, R, Vilei, E, De Iaco, M, Grassi, G, Zanella, C, Marullo, L, Alfano, G, Pelaggi, P, Talarico, R, Tuccillo, B, Irace, L, Proietti, F, Di Croce, G, Di Lorenzo, L, Zarrilli, A, Bongini, M, Ranise, A, Aprile, A, Fornengo, C, Capogrosso, V, Tranghese, A, Golia, B, Marziano, A, Roncon, L, Picariello, C, Bagni, E, Leci, E, Gregorio, G, Gatto, F, Piemonte, F, Gervasio, F, Navazio, A, Guerri, E, Belmonte, E, Marino, F, Di Belardino, N, Di Nuzzo, M, Epifani, M, Comolatti, G, Conconi, B, Benea, D, Casu, G, Merella, P, Ammirati, M, Corrado, V, Spagnolo, D, Caico, S, Bonizzato, S, Margheri, M, Corrado, L, Antonicelli, R, Ferrigno, C, Merlino, A, Nassiacos, D, Antonelli, A, Marchese, A, Villella, A, Bechi, S, Lo Bianco, F, Bedogni, F, Negro, L, Donato, L, Statile, D, Cassin, M, Fedele, F, Granatelli, A, Calcagno, S, Politi, A, Pani, A, De Luca L., Formigli D., Meessen J., Uguccioni M., Cosentino N., Paolillo C., Di Lenarda A., Colivicchi F., Gabrielli D., Gulizia M. M., Scherillo M., Maras P., Ramani F., Falcone C., Passarelli I., Mauri S., Calabro P., Bianchi R., Di Palma G., Mascia F., Vetrano A., Fusco A., Proia E., Aiello A., Tomai F., Licitra R., Petrolini A., Bosco B., Magliari F., Callerame M., Mazzella T., Lettica G. V., Coco G., Incao F., Marinacci L., D'Addario S., Tartaglione S. N., Ubaldi S., Sanchez F. A., Costa P., Manca G., Failla M., Procaccini V., Senni M., Luminita E. M., Bonomo P., Mossa C., Corda S., Colavita A. R., Trevisonno G., Vizzari G., Formaro C., Nalin I. L., De Rosa F. M., Fontana F., Fuscaldo G. F., Passamonti E., Bertella E., Calvaruso E. V., Varani E., Tani F., Cicchitelli G., Paoloni P., Marziali A., Campo G., Tebaldi M., Biscaglia S., Di Biase M., Brunetti N. D., Gallotta A. M., Mattei L., Marini R., Balsemin F., D'Urbano M., Naio R., Vicinelli P., Arena G., Mazzini M., Gigli N., Miserrafiti B., Monopoli A., Mortara A., Delfino P., Chioffi M. M., Marino P., Gravellone M., Barbieri L., Ledda A., Geraci G., Carmina M. G., Raisaro A. E., Di Giacomo C., Somaschini A., Fasano M. L., Sannazzaro M., Arcieri R., Pantaleoni M., Leuzzi C., Gorlato G., Greco G., Chiera A., Ammaturo T. A., Malanchini G., Del Corral M. P., Tedesco L., Pede S., Urso L. G., Piscione F., Galasso G., Provasoli S., Fattore L., Lucca G., Cresti A., Cardillo A., Fera M. S., Vennettilli F., Gaudio C., Paravati V., Caldarola P., Locuratolo N., Verlato R., De Conti F., Turiano G., Preti G., Moretti L., Silenzi S., Colonna G., Picciolo A., Nicosia A., Cascone C., Di Sciascio G., Mangiacapra F., Russo A., Mastroianno S., Esposito G., Cosmi F., D'Orazio S., Costantini C., Lanari A., De Rosa P., Esposito L., Bilato C., Dalla Valle C., Ceresa M., Colombo E., Pennisi V., Casciola G., Driussi M., Bisceglia T., Scalvini S., Rivadossi F., Volpe M., Comito F., Scorzoni D., Grimoldi P., Lagioia R., Santoro D., De Cesare N., Comotti T., Poli A., Martina P., Musolino M. F., Multari E. I., Bilardo G., Scalchi G., Olivieri C., Caranci F., Pavan D., Ganci G., Mariani A., Falchetti E., Lanzillo T., Caccavale A., Bongo A. S., Rizzi A., Favilli R., Maffei S., Mallardo M., Fulgione C., Bordin F., Bonmassari R., Battaia E., Puzzo A., Vianello G., D'Arpino A., Romei M., Pajes G., Petronzelli S., Ghezzi F., Brigido S., Pignatelli L., Brscic E., Sori P., Russo M., Biancolillo E., Ignone G., De Giorgio N. A., Campaniello C., Ponticelli P., Margonato A., Gerosa S., Cutaia A., Casalicchio C., Bartolomucci F., Larosa C., Spadafina T., Putignano A., Se Cristofaro R., Bernardi L., Sommariva L., Celestini A., Bertucci C. M., Marchetti M., Franceschini Grisolia E., Ammendolea C., Carini M., Scipione P., Politano M., Rubino G., Reina C., Peccerillo N., Paloscia L., D'Alleva A., Petacchi R., Pignalosa M., Lucchetti D., Di Palma F., La Mastra R. A., Amico A. F., De Filippis M., Fontanella B., Zanini G., Casolo G., Del Meglio J., Parato V. M., Genovesi E., D'Alimonte A., Miglioranza A., Alessandri N., Moscariello F., Mauro C., Sasso A., Caso P., Petrillo C., Napoletano C., Paparoni S. R., Bernardo V., Serdoz R., Rotunno R., Oppo I., Aloisio A., Aurelio A., Licciardello G., Cassaniti L., Francese G. M., Marcassa C., Temporelli P. L., Villani R., Zorzoli F., Mileto F., De Vecchis M., Scolozzi D., Lupi G., Caruso D., Rebulla E., La Fata B., Anselmi M., Girardi P., Borruso E., Ferrantelli G., Sassone B., Bressan S., Capriolo M., Pelissero E., Piancastelli M., Gobbi M., Cocco F., Bruno M. G., Berti S., Lo Surdo G., Tanzi P., De Rosa R., Vilei E., De Iaco M. R., Grassi G., Zanella C., Marullo L., Alfano G., Pelaggi P., Talarico R., Tuccillo B., Irace L., Proietti F., Di Croce G., Di Lorenzo L., Zarrilli A., Bongini M., Ranise A., Aprile A., Fornengo C., Capogrosso V., Tranghese A., Golia B., Marziano A., Roncon L., Picariello C., Bagni E., Leci E., Gregorio G., Gatto F., Piemonte F., Gervasio F., Navazio A., Guerri E., Belmonte E., Marino F., Di Belardino N., Di Nuzzo M. R., Epifani M., Comolatti G., Conconi B., Benea D., Casu G., Merella P., Ammirati M. A., Corrado V. M., Spagnolo D., Caico S. I., Bonizzato S., Margheri M., Corrado L., Antonicelli R., Ferrigno C., Merlino A., Nassiacos D., Antonelli A., Marchese A., Villella A., Bechi S., Lo Bianco F., Bedogni F., Negro L., Donato L., Statile D., Cassin M., Fedele F., Granatelli A., Calcagno S., Politi A., and Pani A.

Abstract

Aims Recently, the cardiovascular outcomes for people using anticoagulation strategies (COMPASS) trial demonstrated that dual therapy reduced cardiovascular outcomes compared with aspirin alone in patients with stable atherosclerotic disease. Methods and We sought to assess the proportion of patients eligible for the COMPASS trial and to compare the epidemiology results and outcome of these patients with those without COMPASS inclusion or with any exclusion criteria in a contemporary, nationwide cohort of patients with stable coronary artery disease. Among the 4068 patients with detailed information allowing evaluation of eligibility, 1416 (34.8%) did not fulfil the inclusion criteria (COMPASS-Not-Included), 841 (20.7%) had exclusion criteria (COMPASS-Excluded), and the remaining 1811 (44.5%) were classified as COMPASS-Like. At 1 year, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, was 0.9% in the COMPASS-Not-Included and 2.0% in the COMPASS-Like (P = 0.01), and 5.0% in the COMPASS-Excluded group (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Among the COMPASS-Like population, patients with multiple COMPASS enrichment criteria presented a significant increase in the risk of MACE (from 1.0% to 3.3% in those with 1 and >_3 criteria, respectively; P = 0.012), and a modest absolute increase in major bleeding risk (from 0.2% to 0.4%, respectively; P = 0.46). Conclusion In a contemporary real-world cohort registry of stable coronary artery disease, most patients resulted as eligible for the COMPASS. These patients presented a considerable annual risk of MACE that consistently increases in the presence of multiple risk factors.

Published
2021

7. Evaluation of air quality forecasting system FORAIR-IT over Europe and Italy at high resolution for year 2017

Author

Adani, M, D'Isidoro, M, Mircea, M, Guarnieri, G, Vitali, L, D'Elia, I, Ciancarella, L, Gualtieri, M, Briganti, G, Cappelletti, A, Piersanti, A, Stracquadanio, M, Righini, G, Russo, F, Cremona, G, Villani, M, Zanini, G, Adani, M, D'Isidoro, M, Mircea, M, Guarnieri, G, Vitali, L, D'Elia, I, Ciancarella, L, Gualtieri, M, Briganti, G, Cappelletti, A, Piersanti, A, Stracquadanio, M, Righini, G, Russo, F, Cremona, G, Villani, M, and Zanini, G

Abstract

Air pollution represents a global threat leading to large impacts on health and ecosystems and many European areas still show a poor air quality. Air quality forecasts are instruments, which may support authorities and citizens in reducing these impacts. This work presents the development and the performance evaluation of an air quality forecast system for Italy: FORAIR- IT. It operates at both European and Italian scales at 20 km and 4 km resolution, respectively. The forecasts' performances are evaluated against measurements, through a comparison with CAMS_50 validated reanalysis ensemble and by an in depth evaluation during a long lasting PM10 episode, which occurred in Emilia Romagna region in October 2017. The results show similar skill scores between FORAIT-IT and CAMS_50 for PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O-3 concentrations. The increase of model resolution over Italy and the use of the national emission inventory lead to a better reproduction of pollutant concentrations at urban and suburban sites for PM10, PM(2.5 )and NO2. The analysis of the pollution episode shows that the correct forecast of the meteorological forcing is fundamental in capturing both the timing and the occurrence of the exceedances, while the poor performance of the model in reproducing the magnitude of the exceedances may be due to the lack of information on some emissions sources such as agricultural biomass burning.

Published
2022

8. Size resolved aerosol respiratory doses in a Mediterranean urban area: From PM10 to ultrafine particles

Author

Manigrasso, M, Costabile, F, Liberto, L, Gobbi, G, Gualtieri, M, Zanini, G, Avino, P, Manigrasso M., Costabile F., Liberto L. D., Gobbi G. P., Gualtieri M., Zanini G., Avino P., Manigrasso, M, Costabile, F, Liberto, L, Gobbi, G, Gualtieri, M, Zanini, G, Avino, P, Manigrasso M., Costabile F., Liberto L. D., Gobbi G. P., Gualtieri M., Zanini G., and Avino P.

Abstract

In the framework of the 2017 “carbonaceous aerosol in Rome and Environs” (CARE) experiment, particle number size distributions have been continuously measured on February 2017 in downtown Rome. These data have been used to estimate, through MPPD model, size and time resolved particle mass, surface area and number doses deposited into the respiratory system. Dosimetry estimates are presented for PM10, PM2.5, PM1 and Ultrafine Particles (UFPs), in relation to the aerosol sources peculiar to the Mediterranean basin and to the atmospheric conditions. Particular emphasis is focused on UFPs and their fraction deposited on the olfactory bulb, in view of their possible translocation to the brain. The site of PM10 deposition within the respiratory system considerably changes, depending on the aerosol sources and then on its different size distributions. On making associations between health endpoints and aerosol mass concentrations, the relevant coarse and fine fractions would be more properly adopted, because they have different sources, different capability of penetrating deep into the respiratory system and different toxicological implications. The separation between them should be set at 1 µm, rather than at 2.5 µm, because the fine fraction is considerably less affected by the contribution of the natural sources. Mass dose is a suitable metric to describe coarse aerosol events but gives a poor representation of combustion aerosol. This fraction of particles, made of UFPs and of accumulation mode particles (mainly with size below 0.2 µm), is of high health relevance. It elicited the highest oxidative activity in the CARE experiment and is properly described by the particle surface area and by the number metrics. Such metrics are even more relevant for the UFP doses deposited on the olfactory bulb, in consideration of the role recognized to oxidative stress in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Such metrics would be more appropriate, rather than PMx mass conce

Published
2020

9. Size resolved aerosol respiratory doses in a Mediterranean urban area: From PM10 to ultrafine particles

Author

Manigrasso, M, Costabile, F, Liberto, L, Gobbi, G, Gualtieri, M, Zanini, G, Avino, P, Manigrasso M., Costabile F., Liberto L. D., Gobbi G. P., Gualtieri M., Zanini G., Avino P., Manigrasso, M, Costabile, F, Liberto, L, Gobbi, G, Gualtieri, M, Zanini, G, Avino, P, Manigrasso M., Costabile F., Liberto L. D., Gobbi G. P., Gualtieri M., Zanini G., and Avino P.

Abstract

In the framework of the 2017 “carbonaceous aerosol in Rome and Environs” (CARE) experiment, particle number size distributions have been continuously measured on February 2017 in downtown Rome. These data have been used to estimate, through MPPD model, size and time resolved particle mass, surface area and number doses deposited into the respiratory system. Dosimetry estimates are presented for PM10, PM2.5, PM1 and Ultrafine Particles (UFPs), in relation to the aerosol sources peculiar to the Mediterranean basin and to the atmospheric conditions. Particular emphasis is focused on UFPs and their fraction deposited on the olfactory bulb, in view of their possible translocation to the brain. The site of PM10 deposition within the respiratory system considerably changes, depending on the aerosol sources and then on its different size distributions. On making associations between health endpoints and aerosol mass concentrations, the relevant coarse and fine fractions would be more properly adopted, because they have different sources, different capability of penetrating deep into the respiratory system and different toxicological implications. The separation between them should be set at 1 µm, rather than at 2.5 µm, because the fine fraction is considerably less affected by the contribution of the natural sources. Mass dose is a suitable metric to describe coarse aerosol events but gives a poor representation of combustion aerosol. This fraction of particles, made of UFPs and of accumulation mode particles (mainly with size below 0.2 µm), is of high health relevance. It elicited the highest oxidative activity in the CARE experiment and is properly described by the particle surface area and by the number metrics. Such metrics are even more relevant for the UFP doses deposited on the olfactory bulb, in consideration of the role recognized to oxidative stress in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Such metrics would be more appropriate, rather than PMx mass conce

Published
2020

10. Is it the time to study air pollution effects under environmental conditions? A case study to support the shift of in vitro toxicology from the bench to the field

Author

Gualtieri, M, Grollino, M, Consales, C, Costabile, F, Manigrasso, M, Avino, P, Aufderheide, M, Cordelli, E, Di Liberto, L, Petralia, E, Raschella, G, Stracquadanio, M, Wiedensohler, A, Pacchierotti, F, Zanini, G, Gualtieri M., Grollino M. G., Consales C., Costabile F., Manigrasso M., Avino P., Aufderheide M., Cordelli E., Di Liberto L., Petralia E., Raschella G., Stracquadanio M., Wiedensohler A., Pacchierotti F., Zanini G., Gualtieri, M, Grollino, M, Consales, C, Costabile, F, Manigrasso, M, Avino, P, Aufderheide, M, Cordelli, E, Di Liberto, L, Petralia, E, Raschella, G, Stracquadanio, M, Wiedensohler, A, Pacchierotti, F, Zanini, G, Gualtieri M., Grollino M. G., Consales C., Costabile F., Manigrasso M., Avino P., Aufderheide M., Cordelli E., Di Liberto L., Petralia E., Raschella G., Stracquadanio M., Wiedensohler A., Pacchierotti F., and Zanini G.

Abstract

Air pollution and particulate matter are recognised cause of increased disease incidence in exposed population. The toxicological processes underlying air pollution associated effects have been investigated by in vivo and/or in vitro experimentation. The latter is usually performed by exposing cells cultured under submerged condition to particulate matter concentration quite far from environmental exposure expected in humans. Here we report for the first time the feasibility of a direct exposure of air liquid interface cultured cells to environmental concentration of particulate matter. Inflammatory proteins release was analysed in cell medium while differential expression of selected genes was analysed in cells. Significant association of anti-oxidant genes was observed with secondary and aged aerosol, while cytochrome activation with primary and PAHs enriched ultrafine particles. The results obtained clearly show the opportunity to move from the lab bench to the field for properly understanding the toxicological effects also of ultrafine particles on selected in vitro models.

Published
2018

11. Physically-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogels containing clays, carbonaceous materials and magnetic nanoparticles as fillers

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Sánchez, Laura M., Shuttleworth, Peter S., Waiman, C., Zanini, G., Álvarez, V. A., Ollier, R. P., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Sánchez, Laura M., Shuttleworth, Peter S., Waiman, C., Zanini, G., Álvarez, V. A., and Ollier, R. P.

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ Bentonite, acid-modified Bentonite, magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous carbonaceous composite hydrogels were synthesized via an eco-friendly freeze-thawing technique, which is a simple and non-toxic crosslinking methodology. After thorough characterisation using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and swelling assessment. Furthermore, the prepared materials were tested in order to explore their cadmium adsorption potential, a heavy metal usually found as a pollutant in water bodies. The data obtained showed that PVA has no affinity for cadmium ions but the incorporation of the different fillers makes the materials develop important adsorbent characteristics. Under the selected working conditions, and for a contact time of 1440 min, the maximum amount of cadmium ions adsorbed was 50.9 mg/g, 33.9 mg/g, 42.6 mg/g and 30.5 mg/g for composites containing bentonite; acid-modified bentonite; magnetic nanoparticles and carbonaceous materials, respectively. For all cases the higher the filler amounts the higher the adsorption efficiency.

Published
2020

12. Cost-effective reductions of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure in Italy

Author

Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., Schöpp, W., Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., and Schöpp, W.

Abstract

In recent years several European air pollution policies have been based on a cost-effectiveness approach. In the European Union, the European Commission starts using the multi-pollutant, multi-effect GAINS (Greenhouse Gas Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies) model to identify cost-effective National Emission Ceilings and specific emission control measures for each Member State to reach these targets. In this paper, we apply the GAINS methodology to the case of Italy with 20 subnational regions. We present regional results for different approaches to environmental target setting for PM2.5 pollution in the year 2030. We have obtained these results using optimization techniques consistent with those of GAINS-Europe, but at a higher resolution. Our results show that an overall health-impact oriented approach is more cost-effective than setting a nation-wide limit value on ambient air quality, such as the one set for the year 2030 by the European Directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. The health-impact oriented approach implies additional emission control costs of 153 million €/yr on top of the baseline costs, compared to 322 million €/yr for attaining the nation-wide air quality limit. We provide insights into the distribution of costs and benefits for regions within Italy and identify the main beneficiaries of a health-impact approach over a limit-value approach.

Published
2016

13. Cost-effective reductions of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure in Italy

Author

Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., Schöpp, W., Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., and Schöpp, W.

Abstract

In recent years several European air pollution policies have been based on a cost-effectiveness approach. In the European Union, the European Commission starts using the multi-pollutant, multi-effect GAINS (Greenhouse Gas Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies) model to identify cost-effective National Emission Ceilings and specific emission control measures for each Member State to reach these targets. In this paper, we apply the GAINS methodology to the case of Italy with 20 subnational regions. We present regional results for different approaches to environmental target setting for PM2.5 pollution in the year 2030. We have obtained these results using optimization techniques consistent with those of GAINS-Europe, but at a higher resolution. Our results show that an overall health-impact oriented approach is more cost-effective than setting a nation-wide limit value on ambient air quality, such as the one set for the year 2030 by the European Directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. The health-impact oriented approach implies additional emission control costs of 153 million €/yr on top of the baseline costs, compared to 322 million €/yr for attaining the nation-wide air quality limit. We provide insights into the distribution of costs and benefits for regions within Italy and identify the main beneficiaries of a health-impact approach over a limit-value approach.

Published
2016

14. Cost-effective reductions of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure in Italy

Author

Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., Schöpp, W., Ciucci, A., D'Elia, I., Wagner, F., Sander, R., Ciancarella, L., Zanini, G., and Schöpp, W.

Abstract

In recent years several European air pollution policies have been based on a cost-effectiveness approach. In the European Union, the European Commission starts using the multi-pollutant, multi-effect GAINS (Greenhouse Gas Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies) model to identify cost-effective National Emission Ceilings and specific emission control measures for each Member State to reach these targets. In this paper, we apply the GAINS methodology to the case of Italy with 20 subnational regions. We present regional results for different approaches to environmental target setting for PM2.5 pollution in the year 2030. We have obtained these results using optimization techniques consistent with those of GAINS-Europe, but at a higher resolution. Our results show that an overall health-impact oriented approach is more cost-effective than setting a nation-wide limit value on ambient air quality, such as the one set for the year 2030 by the European Directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. The health-impact oriented approach implies additional emission control costs of 153 million €/yr on top of the baseline costs, compared to 322 million €/yr for attaining the nation-wide air quality limit. We provide insights into the distribution of costs and benefits for regions within Italy and identify the main beneficiaries of a health-impact approach over a limit-value approach.

Published
2016

15. Il twirling

Author

Gianfelici, Antonio, Migliorini, S, Salvgati, A, Marini, C, Zanini, G, Faina, Marcello, Gianfelici, Antonio, Migliorini, S, Salvgati, A, Marini, C, Zanini, G, and Faina, Marcello

Published
2012

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results