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Recently, it has been found that a $Q$-ball can amplify waves incident upon it, due to rotation in the internal space and the interaction of the two modes in the complex scalar field. While the spherically symmetric 3D case has been investigated previously, here we explore the 3D axi-symmetric case, which is numerically much more challenging. The difficulty comes because a partial wave expansion is needed, and the different partial waves can not be separated, for either the background spinning Q-ball solution or the perturbative scattering on top of it. A relaxation method and a high dimensional shooting method are applied to compute the Q-ball solutions and the amplification factors respectively. We also classify the behavior of the amplification factors and we discuss their bounds and the superradiance criteria., Comment: 20 pages, 14 figures

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are chronic, refractory wounds caused by diabetic neuropathy, vascular disease, and bacterial infection, and have become one of the most serious and persistent complications of diabetes mellitus because of their high incidence and difficulty in healing. Its malignancy results from a complex microenvironment that includes a series of unfriendly physiological states secondary to hyperglycemia, such as recurrent infections, excessive oxidative stress, persistent inflammation, and ischemia and hypoxia. However, current common clinical treatments, such as antibiotic therapy, insulin therapy, surgical debridement, and conventional wound dressings all have drawbacks, and suboptimal outcomes exacerbate the financial and physical burdens of diabetic patients. Therefore, development of new, effective and affordable treatments for DFU represents a top priority to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients. In recent years, nanozymes-based diabetic wound therapy systems have been attracting extensive interest by integrating the unique advantages of nanomaterials and natural enzymes. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes possess more stable catalytic activity, lower production cost and greater maneuverability. Remarkably, many nanozymes possess multienzyme activities that can cascade multiple enzyme-catalyzed reactions simultaneously throughout the recovery process of DFU. Additionally, their favorable photothermal-acoustic properties can be exploited for further enhancement of the therapeutic effects. In this review we first describe the characteristic pathological microenvironment of DFU, then discuss the therapeutic mechanisms and applications of nanozymes in DFU healing, and finally, highlight the challenges and perspectives of nanozyme development for DFU treatment.

Guo-Ming Zhang,1,2,* Jing Liu,1,2,* Xu-Xiao Guo,3 Fu-Meng Yang4 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang Hospital, Shuyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, People’s Republic of China*The authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guo-Ming Zhang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang Hospital, No. 9, Yingbin Road, Shuyang, People’s Republic of China, Email gm@xzhmu.edu.cn; zly52120@163.comBackground: LDLC equations have varying levels of underestimation for the calculated LDLC. Therefore, underestimating LDLC should be avoided as much as possible. We need to establish LDLC equations that underestimate LDLC as little as possible.Methods: We established the equations with a healthy cohort from Shuyang Hospital and validated the equations with an unselected patient cohort from The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang. We established the novel LDLC equations by using the regression equation. The relationship between two markers was analysed using Pearson’s approach. The 95% limits of measuring agreement within ± 2 SD for the LDLC equations was performed using Bland‒Altman analysis. ROC curve analysis was used to predict LDLC levels and the accuracy of the LDLC equation for determining the direct LDLC levels at LDLC cut-offs was assessed.Results: We obtained two novel LDLC equations (LDL_nonHDLC equation=− 0.899+1.195*nonHDLC-0.00347*nonHDLC2 and LDL_TC(total cholesterol) equation=− 2.775+1.29*TC − 0.00990* TC 2). The correlation coefficient between the novel LDLC equation and the direct LDLC m

Lu-Yao Yang,1,* Chao-Qing Li,1,2,* Yu-Lin Zhang,1,2 Meng-Wen Ma,3 Wan Cheng,3 Guo-Jun Zhang1,2 1School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, People’s Republic of China; 2Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, People’s Republic of China; 3Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guo-Jun Zhang, School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, Email zhanggj@hbtcm.edu.cnAbstract: Extracellular vesicles can transmit intercellular information and transport biomolecules to recipient cells during various pathophysiological processes in the organism. Animal cell exosomes have been identified as potential nanodrugs delivery vehicles, yet they have some shortcomings such as high immunogenicity, high cytotoxicity, and complicated preparation procedures. In addition to exosomes, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDVs), which carry a variety of active substances, are another promising nano-transport vehicles emerging in recent years due to their stable physicochemical properties, wide source, and low cost. This work briefly introduces the collection and characterization of PDVs, then focuses on the application of PDVs as natural or engineered drug carriers in biomedicine, and finally discusses the development and challenges of PDVs in future applications.Keywords: plant-derived vesicles, activated biomaterials, nanodrugs delivery systems, biomedicine applications

Context: Molecular clouds are the prime locations of star formation. These clouds contain filamentary structures and cores which are crucial in the formation of young stars. Aims: In this work, we aim to quantify the physical properties of structural characteristics within the molecular cloud L1251 to better understand the initial conditions for star formation. Methods: We applied the getsf algorithm to identify cores and filaments within the molecular cloud L1251 using the Herschel multiband dust continuum image, enabling us to measure their respective physical properties. Additionally, we utilized an enhanced differential term algorithm to produce high-resolution temperature maps and column density maps with a resolution of ${13.5}''$. Results: We identified 122 cores in the region. Out of them, 23 are protostellar cores, 13 are robust prestellar cores, 32 are candidate prestellar cores (including 13 robust prestellar cores and 19 strictly candidate prestellar cores), and 67 are unbound starless cores. getsf also found 147 filament structures in the region. Statistical analysis of the physical properties (mass (M), temperature (T), size, and core brightness (hereafter, we are using the word luminosity (L)) for the core brightness) of obtained cores shows a negative correlation between core mass and temperature and a positive correlation between (M/L) and (M/T). Analysis of the filaments gives a median width of 0.14 pc and no correlation between width and length. Out of those 122 cores, 92 are present in filaments (75.4%) and the remaining were outside them. Out of the cores present in filaments, 57 (62%) cores are present in supercritical filaments ($M_{\rm line}>16M_{\odot }/{\rm pc}$)., Comment: 15 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in JAA

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that establishes the criteria for ergodicity and thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems. In this work, we investigate the thermalization properties of a spin-1/2 XXZ chain with linearly inhomogeneous interactions. We demonstrate that introduction of the inhomogeneous interactions leads to an onset of quantum chaos and thermalization, which, however, becomes inhibited for sufficiently strong inhomogeneity. To exhibit ETH, and to display its breakdown upon varying the strength of interactions, we probe statistics of energy levels and properties of matrix elements of local observables in eigenstates of the inhomogeneous XXZ spin chain. Moreover, we investigate the dynamics of the entanglement entropy and the survival probability which further evidence the thermalization and its breakdown in the considered model. We outline a way to experimentally realize the XXZ chain with linearly inhomogeneous interactions in systems of ultracold atoms. Our results highlight a mechanism of emergence of ETH due to insertion of inhomogeneities in an otherwise integrable system and illustrate the arrest of quantum dynamics in the presence of strong interactions., This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFA1402001), NSFC (Grants No. 12004266, No. 11834014, No. 12074027, and No. 12375007), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 1232025), and the Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University. J.A., M.L., and P.S. acknowledge support from the following: ERC AdG NOQIA; MCIN/AEI (PGC2018-0910.13039/501100011033, CEX2019-000910-S/10.13039/501100011033, Plan National FIDEUA PID2019-106901GB-I00, Plan National STAMEENA PID2022-139099NB-I00 project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR” (PRTR-C17.I1), FPI); QUANTERA MAQS PCI2019-111828-2); QUANTERA DYNAMITE PCI2022-132919 (QuantERA II Programme cofunded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme under Grant Agreement No. 101017733), Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of the Spanish Government through the QUANTUM ENIA project call–Quantum Spain project, and by the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan–NextGenerationEU within the framework of the Digital Spain 2026 Agenda; Fundació Cellex; Fundació Mir-Puig; Generalitat de Catalunya (European Social Fund FEDER and CERCA program, AGAUR Grant No. 2021 SGR 01452, QuantumCAT U16-011424, cofunded by ERDF Operational Program of Catalonia 2014–2020); Barcelona Supercomputing Center MareNostrum (FI-2023-1-0013); EU Quantum Flagship (PASQuanS2.1, 101113690); EU Horizon 2020 FET-OPEN OPTOlogic (Grant No. 899794); EU Horizon Europe Program (Grant Agreement No. 101080086–NeQST), ICFO Internal “QuantumGaudi” project; European Union’s Horizon 2020 program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 847648; “La Caixa” Junior Leaders fellowships, “La Caixa” Foundation (ID No. 100010434): CF/BQ/PR23/11980043., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

SMEFT Wilson coefficients are subject to various positivity bounds in order to be consistent with the fundamental principles of S-matrix. Previous bounds on dimension-8 SMEFT operators have been obtained using the positivity part of UV partial wave unitarity and form a (projective) convex cone. We derive a set of linear UV unitarity conditions that go beyond positivity and are easy to implement in an optimization scheme with dispersion relations in a multi-field EFT. Using Higgs scattering as an example, we demonstrate how to obtain closed bounds in the space of the three relevant dimension-8 coefficients, making use of the UV unitarity conditions as well as so-called null constraints that arise from full crossing symmetry. Specifically, we show that they are bounded by inequalities schematically going like $C

Wheat, an essential crop for global food security, is well adapted to a wide variety of soils. However, the gene networks shaping different root architectures remain poorly understood. We report here that dosage differences in a cluster of monocot-specific 12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE genes from subfamily III (OPRIII) modulate key differences in wheat root architecture, which are associated with grain yield under water-limited conditions. Wheat plants with loss-of-function mutations in OPRIII show longer seminal roots, whereas increased OPRIII dosage or transgenic over-expression result in reduced seminal root growth, precocious development of lateral roots and increased jasmonic acid (JA and JA-Ile). Pharmacological inhibition of JA-biosynthesis abolishes root length differences, consistent with a JA-mediated mechanism. Transcriptome analyses of transgenic and wild-type lines show significant enriched JA-biosynthetic and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways, which parallel changes in ROS distribution. OPRIII genes provide a useful entry point to engineer root architecture in wheat and other cereals.

Characterizing cellular diversity at different levels of biological organization and across data modalities is a prerequisite to understanding the function of cell types in the brain. Classification of neurons is also essential to manipulate cell types in controlled ways and to understand their variation and vulnerability in brain disorders. The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) is an integrated network of data-generating centers, data archives, and data standards developers, with the goal of systematic multimodal brain cell type profiling and characterization. Emphasis of the BICCN is on the whole mouse brain with demonstration of prototype feasibility for human and nonhuman primate (NHP) brains. Here, we provide a guide to the cellular and spatial approaches employed by the BICCN, and to accessing and using these data and extensive resources, including the BRAIN Cell Data Center (BCDC), which serves to manage and integrate data across the ecosystem. We illustrate the power of the BICCN data ecosystem through vignettes highlighting several BICCN analysis and visualization tools. Finally, we present emerging standards that have been developed or adopted toward Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) neuroscience. The combined BICCN ecosystem provides a comprehensive resource for the exploration and analysis of cell types in the brain.

Zi-Qi Li,&ast; Guo-Song Zhang,&ast; Ri-Qun Liu, Shu-Yuan Shuai, Peng-Yi Hu, Qin Zheng, Shu-Hua Xiao Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Peng-Yi Hu; Qin Zheng, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 0791 87118658, Email hpy820515@126.com; zhengqin912006@163.comBackground: Ligustilide (LIG) and n-butylphthalide (NBP) have neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia; however, their roles in gliomas are not well-known.This study aimed to explore the anti-glioma effects of LIG and NBP individually and the synergistic effects of temozolomide (TMZ) via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of LIG and NBP alone and in combination with TMZ in U251 cells was determined using the CCk-8. The effect of compounds alone or in combination on cell migration was detected using the wound healing assay, and the invasion was evaluated by transwell assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry and the changed expressions of proteins were detected by Western blotting.Results: The results showed that LIG and NBP significantly inhibited the growth of U251 cells at concentrations of 4– 10 μg/mL and 1.5– 6 μg/mL in a dose-dependent manner (p< 0.05, p< 0.01). The combination of 20 μg/mL TMZ with LIG in the concentration range of 4– 10 μg/mL or with NBP of 0.5– 6 μg/mlachieved synergistic effect towardsU251 cells. LIG and NBP, alone or in combination with TMZ, markedly inhibited cell invasion (p< 0.001) and enhanced apoptosis (p< 0.05). The combination of TMZ with LIG or NBP markedly inhibited cell migration (p< 0.001). Western blot analysis sho

We collected a total of 4,058 X-ray binary stars, out of which 339 stars had three atmospheric parameters for optical companions from Gaia and LAMOST, while 264 stars had masses and radii of optical companions determined using stellar evolution models. We conducted a thorough discussion on the reliability of each parameter. The statistical analysis revealed a noticeable bimodal distribution in the mass, radius, and age of the optical components. Our findings led to the proposal of a new quantitative classification criterion for X-ray binary stars. In this classification, one type is categorized as high-mass, high-temperature, and young, while the other type is classified as low-mass, low-temperature, and old, corresponding to High-Mass X-Ray Binaries (HMXBs) and Low-Mass X-Ray Binaries (LMXBs), respectively. The dividing lines were established at 11,500 K, 1.7 $M_{\odot}$, and 0.14 Gyr. The classification results of the three parameters showed consistency with one another in 90\% of the cases and were in agreement with previous classifications in 80\% of the cases. We found that the parameters of the two types had well-defined boundaries and distinct patterns. Based on our findings, we suggest that temperature is the best parameter for classification. Therefore, we propose that X-ray binary stars should be classified into high-temperature X-ray binaries (HTXBs) and low-temperature X-ray binaries (LTXBs). We believe that this classification is more convenient in practice and aligns well with physics., Comment: 32 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables

The initial and boundary conditions of the Galactic star formation in molecular clouds are not well understood. In an effort to shed new light on this long-standing problem, we measured properties of dense cores and filamentary structures in the Vela C molecular cloud, observed with Herschel. We applied the getsf extraction method to separate the components of sources and filaments from each other and their backgrounds, before detecting, measuring, and cataloging the structures. The cores and filamentary structures constitute 40% of the total mass of Vela C, most of the material is in the low-density molecular background cloud. We selected 570 reliable cores, of which 149 are the protostellar cores and 421 are the starless cores. Almost 78% of the starless cores were identified with the gravitationally bound prestellar cores. The exponent of the CMF (alpha = 1.35) is identical to that of the Salpeter IMF. We selected 68 filaments with at least one side that appeared not blended with adjacent structures. The filament widths are in the range of 0.15 pc to 0.63 pc, and have a median value of W = 0.3(0.11) pc. The surface densities of filaments are well correlated with their contrasts and linear densities. Within uncertainties of the filament instability criterion, many filaments may well be both supercritical and subcritical. A large fraction of filaments may definitely be considered supercritical, in which are found 94 prestellar cores, 83 protostellar cores, and only 1 unbound starless core. Taking into account the uncertainties, the supercritical filaments contain only prestellar and protostellar cores. Our findings support the idea that there exists a direct relationship between the CMF and IMF and that filaments play a key role in the formation of prestellar cores, which is consistent with the previous Herschel results., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Zhen-Hong Jiang, Guo-Hu Zhang, Jin-Ming Xia, Shi-Jin Lv Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shi-Jin Lv, Email lvshijin706@163.comBackground: The number of patients with thrombocytopenia (TCP) is relatively high in intensive care units (ICUs). It is therefore necessary to evaluate the prognostic risk of such patients.Aim: This study investigated the risk factors affecting the survival of patients with TCP in the ICU. Using the findings of this investigation, we developed and validated a risk prediction model.Methods: We evaluated patients admitted to the ICU who presented with TCP. We used LASSO regression to identify important clinical indicators. Based on these indicators, we developed a prediction model complete with a nomogram for the development cohort set. We then evaluated the mode’s accuracy using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) in a validation cohort.Results: A total of 141 cases of ICU TCP were included in the sample, of which 47 involved death of the patient. Clinical results were as follows: N (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86– 0.97, P=0.003); TBIL (HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.02– 1.99, P=0.048); APACHE II (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.39, 2.48, P=0.045); WPRN (HR 6.22, 95% CI 2.86– 13.53, P< 0.001); WTOST (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.21– 1.46, P< 0.001); and DMV [HR1.87, 95% CI 1.12– 2.33]. The prediction model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.918 (95% CI 0.863– 0.974) in the development cohort and 0.926 (95% CI 0.849– 0.994) in the validation cohort. Application of the nomogram in the validation cohort gave good discrimination (C-index 0.853, 95% CI 0.810– 0.922) and good calibration. DCA indicated that the nomogram was clinically useful.Conclusion: The individualized nomogram developed through our analysis demonstrated effective prognostic prediction for patients with TCP in ICUs. Use of this p

Chun-Fang Gao,1 Guo-Hai Zhang,1 Zhe-Hao Ye,1 Yu-Yu Xu,2 Zhao Li1 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Shengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, The Shengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guo-Hai Zhang, Department of Neurosurgery, The Shengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China, Email gcf20230503@sina.comObjective: Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) may be neuroprotective. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of serum STC1 levels in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods: This prospective observational study was assigned in two parts. In the first part, blood samples of 48 patients with ICH were acquired on admission and on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 after ICH, and those of 48 controls were collected at their entry into the study. In the second part, blood samples of 141 patients with ICH were obtained upon admission. Serum STC1 levels were measured, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), hematoma volume, and poststroke 6-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were recorded. Dynamic changes in serum STC levels and their correlation with disease severity and prognosis were investigated.Results: Serum STC1 levels were elevated after ICH, peaked on day 1, plateaued on day 2, declined gradually afterwards, and were significantly higher than those in controls. Serum STC1 levels were independently correlated with NIHSS scores, hematoma volume, and the 6-month post-injury mRS scores. Serum STC1 levels, NIHSS scores, and hematoma volume independently predicted a poor prognosis (mRS scores of 3– 6). The model integrating serum STC1 levels, NIHSS scores, and hematoma volume was visually displayed using a nomogram and was relatively stable using the Hosmer–Lemeshow test and calibration curve analysis. Under the re

Wan-Ling Liu,1– 4,&ast; Yong-Qu Zhang,1– 5,&ast; Xiang-Jie Luo,6 Yuan-Yuan Zhu,1– 4 Liang Song,7 Zi-He Ming,1– 4 Li-Xin Zhang,1– 4 Meng-Jun Li,1– 4 Rui-Chan Lv,8 Guo-Jun Zhang,1– 4,9,&ast; Min Chen2– 4,&ast; 1Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 2Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 3Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 4Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China; 6College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 7Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Technology University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 8Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 9Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Min Chen; Guo-Jun Zhang, Email mchen@xah.xmu.edu.cn; gjzhang@xah.xmu.edu.cnBackground: Durable responses to immune-checkpoint blocking therapy (ICT) targeting programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have improved outcomes for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Unfortunately, only 19– 23% of patients benefit from ICT. Hence, non-invasive strategies evaluating responses to therapy and selecting patients who will benefit from

Linking data across studies offers an opportunity to enrich data sets and provide a stronger basis for data-driven models for biomedical discovery and/or prognostication. Several techniques to link records have been proposed, and some have been implemented across data repositories holding molecular and clinical data. Not all these techniques guarantee appropriate privacy protection; there are trade-offs between (a) simple strategies that can be associated with data that will be linked and shared with any party and (b) more complex strategies that preserve the privacy of individuals across parties. We propose an intermediary, practical strategy to support linkage in studies that share de-identified data with Data Coordinating Centers. This technology can be extended to link data across multiple data hubs to support privacy preserving record linkage, considering data coordination centers and their awardees, which can be extended to a hierarchy of entities (e.g., awardees, data coordination centers, data hubs, etc.) b.

Accurate and rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significant for early tracing, isolation, and treatment of infected individuals, which will efficiently prevent large-scale transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, two kinds of test strips for receptor binding domain (RBD) and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 are established with high sensitivity and specificity, in which AIE luminogens (AIEgens) are utilized as reporters. Because of the high brightness and resistance to quenching in aqueous solution, the limit of detection can be as low as 6.9 ng/mL for RBD protein and 7.2 ng/mL for N protein. As an antigen collector, an N95 mask equipped with a test strip with an excellent enrichment effect would efficiently simplify the sampling procedures. Compared with a test strip based on Au nanoparticles or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the AIEgen-based test strip shows high anti-interference capacity in complex biosamples. Therefore, an AIEgen-based test strip assay could be built as a promising platform for emergency use during the pandemic. © 2022 The Author(s)

Cores and filamentary structures are the prime birthplaces of stars, and play key roles in the process of star formation. Latest advances in the methods of multi-scale source and filament extraction, and in making high-resolution column density map from $Herschel$ multi-wavelength observations enable us to detect the filamentary network structures in highly complex molecular cloud environments. The statistics for physical parameters shows that core mass strongly correlates with core dust temperature, and $M/L$ strongly correlates with $M/T$, which is in line with the prediction of the blackbody radiation, and can be used to trace evolutionary sequence from unbound starless cores to robust prestellar cores. Crest column densities of the filamentary structures are clearly related with mass per unit length ($M_{\rm line}$), but are uncorrelated by three orders ranging from $\sim 10^{20}$ to $\sim 10^{22}$ $ \rm cm^{-2}$ with widths. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) have a median value of 0.15 pc, which is consistent with the 0.1 pc typical inner width of the filamentary structures reported by previous research. We find $\sim $70\% of robust prestellar cores (135/199) embedded in supercritical filaments with $M_{\rm line}>16~M_{\odot}/{\rm pc}$, which implies that the gravitationally bound cores come from fragmentation of supercritical filaments. And on the basis of observational evidences that probability distribution function (PDF) with power-law distribution in the Perseus south is flatter than north, YSO number is significantly less than that in the north, and dust temperature difference. We infer that south region is more gravitationally bound than north region., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in RAA

Accurate and rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significant for early tracing, isolation, and treatment of infected individuals, which will efficiently prevent large-scale transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, two kinds of test strips for receptor binding domain (RBD) and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 are established with high sensitivity and specificity, in which AIE luminogens (AIEgens) are utilized as reporters. Because of the high brightness and resistance to quenching in aqueous solution, the limit of detection can be as low as 6.9 ng/mL for RBD protein and 7.2 ng/mL for N protein. As an antigen collector, an N95 mask equipped with a test strip with an excellent enrichment effect would efficiently simplify the sampling procedures. Compared with a test strip based on Au nanoparticles or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the AIEgen-based test strip shows high anti-interference capacity in complex biosamples. Therefore, an AIEgen-based test strip assay could be built as a promising platform for emergency use during the pandemic. © 2022 The Author(s)

Rui-Qin Yang,1– 3 Min Chen,3,4 Qiang Zhang,5 Yi-Yang Gao,1– 3 Kang-Liang Lou,1– 3 Tong-Tong Lin,5 Wen-He Huang,1,2 Yun-Zhu Zeng,6 Yong-Qu Zhang,1– 3 Yong-Ying Dang,1– 3 Lei Ren,5,&ast; Guo-Jun Zhang1,2,4,&ast; 1Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 4Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 5State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 6The Pathology department, Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guo-Jun Zhang, Tel +86-592-2889988, Fax +86-592-2889202, Email gjzhang@xah.xmu.edu.cnPurpose: Tumor-free surgical margin is crucial but challenging in breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Fluorescence imaging is a promising strategy for surgical navigation that can reliably assist the surgeon with visualization Of the tumor in real-time. Notably, finding an optimized fluorescent probe has been a challenging research topic. Herein, we developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe based on tailored Hepatitis B Core virus-like protein (HBc VLP) and presented the preclinical imaging-guided surgery.Methods: The RGD-HBc160 VLP was synthesized by genetic engineering followed encapsulation of ICG via disassembly-reassembly. The applicability of the probe was tested for cell and tissue binding capacities through cell-based plate assays, x

Guo-Qiang Zhang,1 Saliha Selin Özuygur Ermis,1,2 Madeleine Rådinger,1 Apostolos Bossios,3,4 Hannu Kankaanranta,1,5,6 Bright Nwaru1,7 1Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, &Idot;zmir, Turkey; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 5Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland; 6Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; 7Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenCorrespondence: Bright Nwaru, Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 424, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden, Tel +46 076 064 2614, Email bright.nwaru@gu.seAbstract: A gender-related disparity exists in asthma morbidity and mortality, which shifts at around puberty from a male predominance to a female predominance. This is clinically reflected in the fact that asthma that occurs in childhood (childhood-onset asthma) mainly affects boys, and that asthma that occurs in adulthood (adult-onset asthma) mainly affects women. Adult-onset asthma is often non-atopic, more severe, and associated with a poorer prognosis, thus posing a marked burden to women’s health and healthcare system. Many factors have been indicated to explain this gender-related disparity, including sociocultural and environmental factors as well as biological sex differences (genetic, pulmonary and immunological factors). It has long been suggested that sex hormones may be implicated in at least these biological sex differences. Overall, the evidence remains equivocal for the role of most sex hormones in asthma pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Well-designed rando

The emergence of MAX borides as well as MAB phases attracted great attention because of the renewable developments of ternary ceramics and offering great opportunities in potential applications. However, the number of borides remains limited, and further fundamental descriptions and detailed investigations on various properties are still lacking. In this report, we employ an integrated computational scheme that combines density functional theory with the evolutional algorithm to search for the favorable structures of P- and S-glued ternary borides terminated by Nb metal. We discover that the structures of 212-type, as e.g. Nb2PB2 and Nb2SB2, belong to the P‾6m2 space group, while those of 211-type, as e.g. Nb2PB and Nb2SB, prefer to crystallize in the P63/mmc space group, and the corresponding carbides Nb2PC and Nb2SC are also considered for the sake of completeness and comparative analsys. The predicted Nb2PB2, Nb2PB, Nb2SB, Nb2PC and Nb2SC are energetically stable, as revealed by the negative formation energies and by the proposed reaction paths with respect to the most competing phases, as well as dynamically stable, as suggested by the non-imaginary phonon spectra. The thermal conductivities of the six materials show unusual behaviors, particularly for the acoustic and optical contributions, and are accompanied by a strong anisotropy. Most importantly, Nb2PB2 is found to be an excellent thermal conductor with a total thermal conductivity of ~65 W/(m K), while Nb2SC is found to be an ultra-low thermal conductor, with a total thermal conductivity of ~5 W/(m K). These values are clearly outside the currently reported range of thermal conductivities, which makes Nb2PB2 and Nb2SC extremely interesting for fundamental research as well as prospective applications with the aid of artificial tunings on the almost independent MB block and the A layer. The discovery of these novel materials is expected to contribute substantially to the rapid development of ternary ceramic

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

[Background]: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has caused a pandemic that has rapidly affected the whole world and caused a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the social and occupational effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in three different countries: China, Spain, and Cuba., [Methods]: A cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the social and occupational effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in MS patients in these three countries, using a 25-item anonymous online questionnaire, structured into three sections. Quantitative data are expressed as mean (standard deviation), and quantitative data as absolute frequency and percentage., [Results]: A total of 361 participants responded to the questionnaire: 194 from China, 104 from Spain, and 63 from Cuba. We found no cases of COVID-19 among Chinese patients with MS, and few cases in Spain and Cuba. Respondents reported different levels of impact on relationships with friends, family, and colleagues, and patients in all three countries described increased use of digital or social media platforms. Spanish patients reported a significantly less negative impact than those in Cuba and China. Mental and cognitive effects were similar in all three countries, although China seemed to have a better situation. We also found that the time spent exercising decreased at specific points during the pandemic, but with few changes in dietary habits. Patients reported little or no change in their means of transport in all three countries. Most patients in all three countries reported little or no physical deterioration, especially in Chinese patients (82.47%), compared to the Spanish (70.20%) and Cuban respondents (73.02%). In general, patients from all three countries demonstrated confidence in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic, although to a lesser extent among Spanish respondents., [Conclusions]: During the pandemic, family support was more effective in China than in Cuba and Spain. Neither COVID-19 infections nor the number of MS relapses increased significantly during lockdown in any of the three countries. Regarding their economic situation, Spanish MS patients reported a significantly less severe negative impact than those in Cuba and China. Patients from all three countries used digital or social media platforms more frequently, probably to maintain personal relationships. Chinese and Cuban respondents were more confident of the control of the pandemic than the Spanish, who were more pessimistic.

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

Rui-Qin Yang,1– 3 Min Chen,3,4 Qiang Zhang,5 Yi-Yang Gao,1– 3 Kang-Liang Lou,1– 3 Tong-Tong Lin,5 Wen-He Huang,1,2 Yun-Zhu Zeng,6 Yong-Qu Zhang,1– 3 Yong-Ying Dang,1– 3 Lei Ren,5,* Guo-Jun Zhang1,2,4,* 1Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 4Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 5State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 6The Pathology department, Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guo-Jun Zhang, Tel +86-592-2889988, Fax +86-592-2889202, Email gjzhang@xah.xmu.edu.cnPurpose: Tumor-free surgical margin is crucial but challenging in breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Fluorescence imaging is a promising strategy for surgical navigation that can reliably assist the surgeon with visualization Of the tumor in real-time. Notably, finding an optimized fluorescent probe has been a challenging research topic. Herein, we developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe based on tailored Hepatitis B Core virus-like protein (HBc VLP) and presented the preclinical imaging-guided surgery.Methods: The RGD-HBc160 VLP was synthesized by genetic engineering followed encapsulation of ICG via disassembly-reassembly. The applicability of th

Xiao Yu Hou,1 Chun Rong Peng,2 Guo Nan Zhang,2 Deng Feng Wang2 1School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Deng Feng Wang, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15982222707, Fax +86 28 85420116, Email wonderful_96@163.comIntroduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide, and sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a rare benign sinus tumor with characteristics including a destructive growth pattern, high recurrence rate, and common malignant transformation. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) combined with SIP has not been reported thus far.Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with cervical SCC in our center and treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy. During the follow-up period after the completion of cervical cancer treatment, the progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma was first considered because the squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) levels remained high and slowly increased. However, SIP was found after a detailed investigation. The SCCA levels returned to normal after surgery. Two months after the surgery, because SCCA slowly increased again, it was found that the SIP recurred. After additional surgical treatment, the SCCA level returned to normal.Discussion and Conclusion: First, SCCA is an important indicator for monitoring changes in cervical SCC. When the changes in SCCA levels are inconsistent with the prognosis of cervical SCC, we should be

Guo-Qiang Zhang,1 Saliha Selin Özuygur Ermis,1,2 Madeleine Rådinger,1 Apostolos Bossios,3,4 Hannu Kankaanranta,1,5,6 Bright Nwaru1,7 1Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, &Idot;zmir, Turkey; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 5Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland; 6Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; 7Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenCorrespondence: Bright Nwaru, Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 424, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden, Tel +46 076 064 2614, Email bright.nwaru@gu.seAbstract: A gender-related disparity exists in asthma morbidity and mortality, which shifts at around puberty from a male predominance to a female predominance. This is clinically reflected in the fact that asthma that occurs in childhood (childhood-onset asthma) mainly affects boys, and that asthma that occurs in adulthood (adult-onset asthma) mainly affects women. Adult-onset asthma is often non-atopic, more severe, and associated with a poorer prognosis, thus posing a marked burden to women’s health and healthcare system. Many factors have been indicated to explain this gender-related disparity, including sociocultural and environmental factors as well as biological sex differences (genetic, pulmonary and immunological factors). It has long been suggested that sex hormones may be implicated in at least these biological sex differences. Overall, the evidence remains equivocal for the role of most sex hormones in asthma pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Well-designed rando

Do we on the right way for remote sensing image understanding (RSIU) by training models via supervised data-dependent and task-dependent way, instead of human vision in a label-free and task-independent way? We argue that a more desirable RSIU model should be trained with intrinsic structure from data rather that extrinsic human labels to realize generalizability across a wide range of RSIU tasks. According to this hypothesis, we proposed \textbf{T}he \textbf{O}riginal \textbf{V}ision model (TOV) in remote sensing filed. Trained by massive unlabeled optical data along a human-like self-supervised learning (SSL) path that is from general knowledge to specialized knowledge, TOV model can be easily adapted to various RSIU tasks, including scene classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation, and outperforms dominant ImageNet supervised pretrained method as well as two recently proposed SSL pretrained methods on majority of 12 publicly available benchmarks. Moreover, we analyze the influences of two key factors on the performance of building TOV model for RSIU, including the influence of using different data sampling methods and the selection of learning paths during self-supervised optimization. We believe that a general model which is trained by a label-free and task-independent way may be the next paradigm for RSIU and hope the insights distilled from this study can help to foster the development of an original vision model for RSIU., Comment: 38 pages, 5 figures, 8 Tables

Co-registration of multimodal remote sensing images is still an ongoing challenge because of nonlinear radiometric differences (NRD) and significant geometric distortions (e.g., scale and rotation changes) between these images. In this paper, a robust matching method based on the Steerable filters is proposed consisting of two critical steps. First, to address severe NRD, a novel structural descriptor named the Steerable Filters of first- and second-Order Channels (SFOC) is constructed, which combines the first- and second-order gradient information by using the steerable filters with a multi-scale strategy to depict more discriminative structure features of images. Then, a fast similarity measure is established called Fast Normalized Cross-Correlation (Fast-NCCSFOC), which employs the Fast Fourier Transform technique and the integral image to improve the matching efficiency. Furthermore, to achieve reliable registration performance, a coarse-to-fine multimodal registration system is designed consisting of two pivotal modules. The local coarse registration is first conducted by involving both detection of interest points (IPs) and local geometric correction, which effectively utilizes the prior georeferencing information of RS images to address global geometric distortions. In the fine registration stage, the proposed SFOC is used to resist significant NRD, and to detect control points between multimodal images by a template matching scheme. The performance of the proposed matching method has been evaluated with many different kinds of multimodal RS images. The results show its superior matching performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, the designed registration system also outperforms the popular commercial software in both registration accuracy and computational efficiency. Our system is available at https://github.com/yeyuanxin110.

Massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) play a crucial role in star formation. Given that MYSOs were previously identified based on the extended structure and the observational data for them is limited, screening the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) objects showing green features (for the common coding of the 4.6 $\mu$m band as green channel in three-color composite WISE images) will yield more MYSO candidates. Using WISE images in the whole Galactic Plane ($ 0^\circ 60^\circ$. Matching results with various masers show that those three groups of WGOs are at different evolutionary stages. After cross-matching WGOs with published YSO survey catalogs, we infer that $\sim$50% of WGOs are samples of newly discovered YSOs. In addition, 1260 WGOs are associated with Hi-GAL sources, according to physical parameters estimated by spectral energy distribution fitting, of which 231 are classified as robust MYSOs and 172 as candidate MYSOs., Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS

Currently, there is a limited understanding of long-term outcomes of COVID-19, and a need for in-home measurements of patients through the whole course of their disease. We study a novel approach for monitoring the long-term trajectories of respiratory and behavioral symptoms of COVID-19 patients at home. We use a sensor that analyzes the radio signals in the room to infer patients' respiration, sleep and activities in a passive and contactless manner. We report the results of continuous monitoring of three residents of an assisted living facility for 3 months, through the course of their disease and subsequent recovery. In total, we collected 4,358 measurements of gait speed, 294 nights of sleep, and 3,056 h of respiration. The data shows differences in the respiration signals between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Longitudinally, we note sleep and motor abnormalities that persisted for months after becoming COVID negative. Our study represents a novel phenotyping of the respiratory and behavioral trajectories of COVID recovery, and suggests that the two may be integral components of the COVID-19 syndrome. It further provides a proof-of-concept that contactless passive sensors may uniquely facilitate studying detailed longitudinal outcomes of COVID-19, particularly among older adults.

Copyright © 2019 ASME Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. The literature is rich with algorithms that can easily craft successful adversarial examples. In contrast, the performance of defense techniques still lags behind. This paper proposes ME-Net, a defense method that leverages matrix estimation (ME). In ME-Net, images are preprocessed using two steps: first pixels are randomly dropped from the image; then, the image is reconstructed using ME. We show that this process destroys the adversarial structure of the noise, while rc-enforcing the global structure in the original image. Since humans typically rely on such global structures in classifying images, the process makes the network mode compatible with human perception. We conduct comprehensive experiments on prevailing benchmarks such as MNIST, CIFAR-10, SVHN, and Tiny-ImageNet. Comparing ME-Net with state-of-the-art defense mechanisms shows that ME-Net consistently outperforms prior techniques, improving robustness against both black-box and white-box attacks.

Cores and filamentary structures are the prime birthplaces of stars, and play key roles in the process of star formation. Latest advances in the methods of multi-scale source and filament extraction, and in making high-resolution column density map from $Herschel$ multi-wavelength observations enable us to detect the filamentary network structures in highly complex molecular cloud environments. The statistics for physical parameters shows that core mass strongly correlates with core dust temperature, and $M/L$ strongly correlates with $M/T$, which is in line with the prediction of the blackbody radiation, and can be used to trace evolutionary sequence from unbound starless cores to robust prestellar cores. Crest column densities of the filamentary structures are clearly related with mass per unit length ($M_{\rm line}$), but are uncorrelated by three orders ranging from $\sim 10^{20}$ to $\sim 10^{22}$ $ \rm cm^{-2}$ with widths. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) have a median value of 0.15 pc, which is consistent with the 0.1 pc typical inner width of the filamentary structures reported by previous research. We find $\sim $70\% of robust prestellar cores (135/199) embedded in supercritical filaments with $M_{\rm line}>16~M_{\odot}/{\rm pc}$, which implies that the gravitationally bound cores come from fragmentation of supercritical filaments. And on the basis of observational evidences that probability distribution function (PDF) with power-law distribution in the Perseus south is flatter than north, YSO number is significantly less than that in the north, and dust temperature difference. We infer that south region is more gravitationally bound than north region., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in RAA

Accurate and rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significant for early tracing, isolation, and treatment of infected individuals, which will efficiently prevent large-scale transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, two kinds of test strips for receptor binding domain (RBD) and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 are established with high sensitivity and specificity, in which AIE luminogens (AIEgens) are utilized as reporters. Because of the high brightness and resistance to quenching in aqueous solution, the limit of detection can be as low as 6.9 ng/mL for RBD protein and 7.2 ng/mL for N protein. As an antigen collector, an N95 mask equipped with a test strip with an excellent enrichment effect would efficiently simplify the sampling procedures. Compared with a test strip based on Au nanoparticles or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the AIEgen-based test strip shows high anti-interference capacity in complex biosamples. Therefore, an AIEgen-based test strip assay could be built as a promising platform for emergency use during the pandemic.

Introduction: Verrucous carcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It generally grows exogenously and bone erosion is rare. Here we present a case of verrucous carcinoma on the foot with toe absence. Case presentation: A 64-year-old man presented with a 6-year history of a slowly growing exogenous hyperkeratotic verrucous lesion on the right fifth toe, which had been absent for 1year. Before the lesion appeared, he had undergone nail extraction on this toe. The culture of fungi and mycobacteria were negative. Three-dimensional computed tomography showed that the fifth toe of the right foot was absent. Histopathological examination showed that the lesion was exogenous and verrucous and exhibited moderate keratinocyte hyperplasia. Combined with clinical manifestation and histopathological examination, verrucous carcinoma is suggested. The lesion was surgically excised, and the patient was followed up for more than 6months without recurrence. Discussion: Verrucous carcinoma is an exophytic tumor with verrucous growth at the beginning, which can invade deep tissues and even cause limb mutilation. When encountering a patient with a wart-like plaque on the foot that responds poorly to conventional treatments, clinicians should maintain a high degree of clinical vigilance and a low threshold for biopsy. Conclusion: We observed a rare outcome of toe absence associated with verrucous carcinoma. Therefore, early diagnosis of verrucous carcinoma is very important. Surgical excision is an effective treatment at present. Extensive resection is usually required to avoid recurrence. © 2022 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.

Huang CH, Hu PY, Wu QY, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:1407‒1431. The Editor and Publisher of Drug Design, Development and Therapy wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised regarding the alleged duplication of images for Figure 6C and 6D, despite both images being described as separate experimental conditions. The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the alleged image duplication, nor were they able to provide adequate original data that would verify the reported findings. The Editor requested to retract the article and the authors were notified of this. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, computational sciences have contributed immensely to characterization of phenotypes of airway diseases, but it is difficult to compare derived phenotypes across studies, perhaps as a result of the different decisions that fed into these phenotyping exercises. We aim to perform a systematic review of studies using computational approaches to phenotype obstructive airway diseases in children and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published between 2010 and 2020. Conferences proceedings, reference list of included papers, and experts will form additional sources of literature. We will include observational epidemiological studies that used a computational approach to derive phenotypes of chronic airway diseases, whether in a general population or in a clinical setting. Two reviewers will independently screen the retrieved studies for eligibility, extract relevant data, and perform quality appraisal of included studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreements in these processes. Quality appraisal of the studies will be undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. We will use summary tables to describe the included studies. We will narratively synthesize the generated evidence, providing critical assessment of the populations, variables, and computational approaches used in deriving the phenotypes across studies CONCLUSION: As progress continues to be made in the area of computational phenotyping of chronic obstructive airway diseases, this systematic review, the first on this topic, will provide the state of the art on the field and highlight important perspectives for future works. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is needed for this work is based only on the published literature and does not involve collection of any primary or human data. REGISTRATION AND REPORTING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRA

This paper has been retracted.Huang CH, Hu PY, Wu QY, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:1407‒1431. The Editor and Publisher of Drug Design, Development and Therapy wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised regarding the alleged duplication of images for Figure 6C and 6D, despite both images being described as separate experimental conditions. The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the alleged image duplication, nor were they able to provide adequate original data that would verify the reported findings. The Editor requested to retract the article and the authors were notified of this. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Filaments play an important role in star formation, but the formation process of filaments themselves is still unclear. The high-mass star forming clump G286.21+0.17 (G286 for short) that contains an "L" type filament was thought to undergo global collapse. Our high resolution ALMA band 3 observations resolve the gas kinematics of G286 and reveal two sub-clumps with very different velocities inside it. We find that the "blue profile" (an indicator of gas infall) of HCO+ lines in single dish observations of G286 is actually caused by gas emission from the two sub-clumps rather than gas infall. We advise great caution in interpreting gas kinematics (e.g., infall) from line profiles toward distant massive clumps in single dish observations. Energetic outflows are identified in G286 but the outflows are not strong enough to drive expansion of the two sub-clumps. The two parts of the "L" type filament ("NW-SE" and "NE-SW" filaments) show prominent velocity gradients perpendicular to their major axes, indicating that they are likely formed due to large-scale compression flows. We argue that the large-scale compression flows could be induced by the expansion of nearby giant HII regions. The "NW-SE" and "NE-SW" filaments seem to be in collision, and a large amount of gas has been accumulated in the junction region where the most massive core G286c1 forms., Comment: Accepted by MNRAS

We performed a systematic search for X-ray bursts of the SGR J1935+2154 using the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor continuous data dated from Jan 2013 to October 2021. Eight bursting phases, which consist of a total of 353 individual bursts, are identified. We further analyze the periodic properties of our sample using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram. The result suggests that those bursts exhibit a period of ~ 238 days with a ~ 63.2% duty cycle. Based on our analysis, we further predict two upcoming active windows of the X-ray bursts. Since July 2021, the beginning date of our first prediction has been confirmed by the ongoing X-ray activities of the SGR J1935+2154., Comment: ApJL published; 16 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables

Guo Zhang, Jiaming Sun Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiaming Sun Email sunjm1592@sina.comAbstract: Liposomes are ubiquitous tools in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, membrane science and artificial cell. Micro- and nanofabrication techniques have revolutionized the preparation of liposomes on the microscale. State-of-the-art liposomal formation on microfluidic chips and its associated applications are introduced in this review. We attempt to provide a reference for liposomal researchers by comparing various microfluidic techniques for liposomes formation.Keywords: liposomes, lipid vesicles, microfluidics, chips

An efficient strategy that can guide the synthesis of materials with superior mechanical properties is important for advanced material/device design. Here, we report a feasible way to enhance hardness in transition-metal monocarbides (TMCs) by optimally filling the bonding orbitals of valence electrons. We demonstrate that the intrinsic hardness of the NaCl- and WC-type TMCs maximizes at valence electron concentrations of about 9 and 10.25 electrons per cell, respectively; any deviation from such optimal values will reduce the hardness. Using the spark plasma sintering technique, a number of W1-xRexC (x = 0-0.5) have been successfully synthesized, and powder X-ray diffractions show that they adopt the hexagonal WC-type structure. Subsequent nanoindentation and Vickers hardness measurements corroborate that the newly developed W1-xRexC samples (x = 0.1-0.3) are much harder than their parent phase (i.e., WC), marking them as the hardest TMCs for practical applications. Furthermore, the hardness enhancement can be well rationalized by the balanced occupancy of bonding and antibonding states. Our findings not only elucidate the unique hardening mechanism in a large class of TMCs but also offer a guide for the design of other hard and superhard compounds such as borides and nitrides.

Guo Zhang, Jiaming Sun Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiaming Sun Email sunjm1592@sina.comAbstract: Liposomes are ubiquitous tools in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, membrane science and artificial cell. Micro- and nanofabrication techniques have revolutionized the preparation of liposomes on the microscale. State-of-the-art liposomal formation on microfluidic chips and its associated applications are introduced in this review. We attempt to provide a reference for liposomal researchers by comparing various microfluidic techniques for liposomes formation.Keywords: liposomes, lipid vesicles, microfluidics, chips

While remarkable advances have been made in Computed Tomography (CT), most of the existing efforts focus on imaging enhancement while reducing radiation dose. How to harmonize CT image data captured using different scanners is vital in cross-center large-scale radiomics studies but remains the boundary to explore. Furthermore, the lack of paired training image problem makes it computationally challenging to adopt existing deep learning models. %developed for CT image standardization. %this problem more challenging. We propose a novel deep learning approach called CVH-CT for harmonizing CT images captured using scanners from different vendors. The generator of CVH-CT uses a self-attention mechanism to learn the scanner-related information. We also propose a VGG feature-based domain loss to effectively extract texture properties from unpaired image data to learn the scanner-based texture distributions. The experimental results show that CVH-CT is clearly better than the baselines because of the use of the proposed domain loss, and CVH-CT can effectively reduce the scanner-related variability in terms of radiomic features.