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Zhi-Ying Lv,1,* Yang-Lin Shi,1,* Gabriel Shimizu Bassi,1 Yan-Jiao Chen,1 Lei-Miao Yin,1 Yu Wang,1 Luis Ulloa,2 Yong-Qing Yang,1 Yu-Dong Xu1 1Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu-Dong Xu; Yong-Qing Yang, Email xuyudong@shutcm.edu.cn; yyq@shutcm.edu.cnPurpose: Sepsis is the main cause of death in intensive care unit. Maladaptive cytokine storm and T-cell lymphopenia are critical prognosis predictors of sepsis. Electroacupuncture (EA) is expected to be an effective intervention to prevent sepsis. This study aims to determine the potential of EA at ST36 (Zusanli) to prevent experimental septic mice.Methods: Mice were randomly assigned into PBS, LPS, or EA+LPS group. EA (0.1 mA, continuous wave, 10 Hz) was performed stimulating the ST36 for 30 min, once a day for 3 days. After the third day, all mice were challenged with PBS or LPS (4 mg/kg) simultaneously. Mice were evaluated for survival, ear temperature, and other clinical symptoms. Lung and small intestine tissue injuries were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bio-Plex cytokine assay was used to analyze the concentration of cytokines. T lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blot assays. The role of T cells in preventing sepsis by EA was analyzed by using nude mice lacking T lymphocytes.Results: EA at ST36 improved survival, symptom scores, and ear temperature of endotoxemic mice. EA also improved dramatically pulmonary and intestinal injury by over 50% as compared to untreated mice. EA blunted the inflammatory cytokine storm by inducing a lasting inhibition of the production of major inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1

Cai-Tao Chen,1 Chun-Xiao Shan,2 Jun Ran,3 Lei-Miao Yin,1 Hai-Yan Li,4 Yu Wang,1 Yu-Dong Xu,1 Jing-Lei Guo,5 Yang-Lin Shi,1 Yan-Jiao Chen,1 Yong-Qing Yang1 1Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 3Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 4Shanghai First Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yong-Qing Yang; Yan-Jiao ChenLaboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-54592134; +86-21-64395975Fax +86-21-64395975Email yyq@shutcm.edu.cn; cyjb1018@163.comPurpose: Cyclophilin A (CypA) inhibits CD4+ T cell signal transduction via interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk), a tyrosine kinase required for T helper (Th) 2 cells function. Furthermore, mice with CypA silencing developed allergic diseases associated with increased Th2 cytokines production. CD4+ T cells with a Th2-cytokine pattern have been demonstrated to have a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effects of CypA in regulating immunity in asthma and in relieving asthmatic symptoms in vivo are entirely unknown.Methods: Recombinant CypA protein (rCypA) was generated and purified. Ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged asthmatic rats model and acetylcholine chloride (ACh)-induced contraction of tracheal spirals were established. The pulmonary resistance (RL) value of asthmatic rats in vivo and the is

Cai-Tao Chen,1 Chun-Xiao Shan,2 Jun Ran,3 Lei-Miao Yin,1 Hai-Yan Li,4 Yu Wang,1 Yu-Dong Xu,1 Jing-Lei Guo,5 Yang-Lin Shi,1 Yan-Jiao Chen,1 Yong-Qing Yang1 1Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 3Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 4Shanghai First Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yong-Qing Yang; Yan-Jiao ChenLaboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-54592134; +86-21-64395975Fax +86-21-64395975Email yyq@shutcm.edu.cn; cyjb1018@163.comPurpose: Cyclophilin A (CypA) inhibits CD4+ T cell signal transduction via interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk), a tyrosine kinase required for T helper (Th) 2 cells function. Furthermore, mice with CypA silencing developed allergic diseases associated with increased Th2 cytokines production. CD4+ T cells with a Th2-cytokine pattern have been demonstrated to have a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effects of CypA in regulating immunity in asthma and in relieving asthmatic symptoms in vivo are entirely unknown.Methods: Recombinant CypA protein (rCypA) was generated and purified. Ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged asthmatic rats model and acetylcholine chloride (ACh)-induced contraction of tracheal spirals were established. The pulmonary resistance (RL) value of asthmatic rats in vivo and the is

Editorial paper

BACKGROUND: BrdU is a commonly used reagent in cell proliferation assays, and WST-1 measurement is widely used to detect cell viability. However, no previous study has formally reported the combination of the two assays, which may be used to detect the proliferation and viability simultaneously. In this study, we examined the effect of adding BrdU 2 h prior to the WST-1 assay and tried to test the possibility of the combined detection using rat airway smooth muscle cells. RESULTS: The WST-1 measurements obtained from the combined detection were consistent with those obtained from the separate detection, which suggested that the addition of BrdU 2 h prior to the WST-1 analysis did not affect the WST-1 results. The BrdU measurements obtained from the combined detection also demonstrated the same trend as that obtained from the separate detection, and dosages of 200, 400 and 800 ng/ml testing reagent significantly inhibited the proliferation of rat airway smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the BrdU and WST-1 measurements can be applied simultaneously without mutual interference, which may increase the efficacy and consistency of these measurements to a certain extent.