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1. Targeting sex determination to suppress mosquito populations

Author: Li, Ming, Li, Ming, Kandul, Nikolay P, Sun, Ruichen, Yang, Ting, Benetta, Elena D, Brogan, Daniel J, Antoshechkin, Igor, C, Héctor M Sánchez, Zhan, Yinpeng, DeBeaubien, Nicolas A, Loh, YuMin M, Su, Matthew P, Montell, Craig, Marshall, John M, Akbari, Omar S, Li, Ming, Li, Ming, Kandul, Nikolay P, Sun, Ruichen, Yang, Ting, Benetta, Elena D, Brogan, Daniel J, Antoshechkin, Igor, C, Héctor M Sánchez, Zhan, Yinpeng, DeBeaubien, Nicolas A, Loh, YuMin M, Su, Matthew P, Montell, Craig, Marshall, John M, and Akbari, Omar S
Abstract: Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next-generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Ae. aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to effectively control wild populations of disease vectors.
Published: 2024

2. Towards a muon collider

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aime, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N., Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, dermisek, RadoVan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian Quinn, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Jurj, Paul Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Novelli, Daniel, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jurgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J., Sytov, Alexei, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Marco, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolo, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoon, Sangsik, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, Zurita, Jose, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aime, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N., Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, dermisek, RadoVan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian Quinn, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Jurj, Paul Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Novelli, Daniel, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jurgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J., Sytov, Alexei, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Marco, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolo, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoon, Sangsik, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work.
Published: 2024
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3. miR-31 Modulates Liver Cancer HepG2 Cell Apoptosis and Invasion via ROCK1/F-Actin Pathways [Retraction]

Author: Zhang,Xin, Xu,Lan, Yang,Ting, Zhang,Xin, Xu,Lan, and Yang,Ting
Abstract: Zhang X, Xu L, Yang T. Onco Targets Ther. 2020;13:877-888. At the author’s request, we, the Editor and Publisher of the journal OncoTargets and Therapy, have retracted the following article. Following publication, the authors were made aware of concerns relating to similarities between the data presented in their article and the data reported in other published articles from unrelated author groups. Further investigation found images in Figures 3 and 5 were duplicated with images from these other published articles. Specifically, Images for Figures 3A and 5E have been duplicated with images for Figure 2A from Xu P, Zhang G, Sha L, Hou S. RETRACTED: DUSP1 alleviates cerebral ischaemia reperfusion injury via inactivating JNKMff pathways and repressing mitochondrial fission. Life Sciences. 2018;210:251-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.049. Images for Figure 5E have been duplicated with images for Figure 3F from Zhang L, Li S, Wang R, Chen C, Ma W, Cai H. RETRACTED: Cytokine augments the sorafenib-induced apoptosis in Huh7 liver cancer cell by inducing mitochondrial fragmentation and activating MAPK-JNK signalling pathway. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2019;110:213-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.037 and Figure 4E from Lu K, Liu X, Guo W. Melatonin attenuates inflammation-related venous endothelial cells apoptosis through modulating the MST1–MIEF1 pathway. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:23675–23684. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.28935 The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the duplicated images or provide satisfactory data for the study. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, the authors requested to retract the article and the Editor and Publisher agreed with this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and COPE guidelines. The retracted article will remain on
Published: 2024

4. Jet angularities in dijet production in proton-proton and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC

Author: Chien, Yang-Ting, Fedkevych, Oleh, Reichelt, Daniel, Schumann, Steffen, Chien, Yang-Ting, Fedkevych, Oleh, Reichelt, Daniel, and Schumann, Steffen
Abstract: We study jet angularities for dijet production at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in proton-proton (pp) and nucleus-nucleus (AA) collisions at 200 GeV nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass collision energy. In particular, we provide $\mathrm{NLL}$ resummed predictions for angularity observables of groomed and ungroomed jets produced in $\rm pp$ collisions matched to next-to-leading order QCD calculations resulting in $\mathrm{NLO+NLL^\prime}$ accuracy. Our parton-level predictions are corrected for non-perturbative effects, such as hadronization and underlying event, using parton-to-hadron level transfer matrices obtained with the Sherpa event generator. Furthermore, we use the Q-Pythia and JEWEL generators to estimate the impact of the interaction between quarks and gluons produced by the parton shower with the dense medium formed in heavy-ion collisions on the considered jet angularities.
Published: 2024

5. Navigating User Experience of ChatGPT-based Conversational Recommender Systems: The Effects of Prompt Guidance and Recommendation Domain

Author: Zhang, Yizhe, Jin, Yucheng, Chen, Li, Yang, Ting, Zhang, Yizhe, Jin, Yucheng, Chen, Li, and Yang, Ting
Abstract: Conversational recommender systems (CRS) enable users to articulate their preferences and provide feedback through natural language. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), the potential to enhance user engagement with CRS and augment the recommendation process with LLM-generated content has received increasing attention. However, the efficacy of LLM-powered CRS is contingent upon the use of prompts, and the subjective perception of recommendation quality can differ across various recommendation domains. Therefore, we have developed a ChatGPT-based CRS to investigate the impact of these two factors, prompt guidance (PG) and recommendation domain (RD), on the overall user experience of the system. We conducted an online empirical study (N = 100) by employing a mixed-method approach that utilized a between-subjects design for the variable of PG (with vs. without) and a within-subjects design for RD (book recommendations vs. job recommendations). The findings reveal that PG can substantially enhance the system's explainability, adaptability, perceived ease of use, and transparency. Moreover, users are inclined to perceive a greater sense of novelty and demonstrate a higher propensity to engage with and try recommended items in the context of book recommendations as opposed to job recommendations. Furthermore, the influence of PG on certain user experience metrics and interactive behaviors appears to be modulated by the recommendation domain, as evidenced by the interaction effects between the two examined factors. This work contributes to the user-centered evaluation of ChatGPT-based CRS by investigating two prominent factors and offers practical design guidance.
Published: 2024

6. CRISPR mediated transactivation in the human disease vector Aedes aegypti.

Author: Bui, Michelle, McGraw, Elizabeth A1, Bui, Michelle, Dalla Benetta, Elena, Dong, Yuemei, Zhao, Yunchong, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Antoshechkin, Igor A, Buchman, Anna, Bottino-Rojas, Vanessa, James, Anthony A, Perry, Michael W, Dimopoulos, George, Akbari, Omar S, Bui, Michelle, McGraw, Elizabeth A1, Bui, Michelle, Dalla Benetta, Elena, Dong, Yuemei, Zhao, Yunchong, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Antoshechkin, Igor A, Buchman, Anna, Bottino-Rojas, Vanessa, James, Anthony A, Perry, Michael W, Dimopoulos, George, and Akbari, Omar S
Abstract: As a major insect vector of multiple arboviruses, Aedes aegypti poses a significant global health and economic burden. A number of genetic engineering tools have been exploited to understand its biology with the goal of reducing its impact. For example, current tools have focused on knocking-down RNA transcripts, inducing loss-of-function mutations, or expressing exogenous DNA. However, methods for transactivating endogenous genes have not been developed. To fill this void, here we developed a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system in Ae. aegypti to transactivate target gene expression. Gene expression is activated through pairing a catalytically-inactive ('dead') Cas9 (dCas9) with a highly-active tripartite activator, VP64-p65-Rta (VPR) and synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) complementary to a user defined target-gene promoter region. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that engineered Ae. aegypti mosquitoes harboring a binary CRISPRa system can be used to effectively overexpress two developmental genes, even-skipped (eve) and hedgehog (hh), resulting in observable morphological phenotypes. We also used this system to overexpress the positive transcriptional regulator of the Toll immune pathway known as AaRel1, which resulted in a significant suppression of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) titers in the mosquito. This system provides a versatile tool for research pathways not previously possible in Ae. aegypti, such as programmed overexpression of endogenous genes, and may aid in gene characterization studies and the development of innovative vector control tools.
Published: 2023

7. Engineered Antiviral Sensor Targets Infected Mosquitoes

Author: Dalla Benetta, Elena, López-Denman, Adam J., Li, Hsing-Han, Masri, Reem A., Brogan, Daniel J., Bui, Michelle, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Dunn, Michael, Klein, Melissa J., Jackson, Sarah, Catalan, Kyle, Blasdell, Kim R., Tng, Priscilla, Antoshechkin, Igor, Alphey, Luke S., Paradkar, Prasad N., Akbari, Omar S., Dalla Benetta, Elena, López-Denman, Adam J., Li, Hsing-Han, Masri, Reem A., Brogan, Daniel J., Bui, Michelle, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Dunn, Michael, Klein, Melissa J., Jackson, Sarah, Catalan, Kyle, Blasdell, Kim R., Tng, Priscilla, Antoshechkin, Igor, Alphey, Luke S., Paradkar, Prasad N., and Akbari, Omar S.
Abstract: Escalating vector disease burdens pose significant global health risks, so innovative tools for targeting mosquitoes are critical. We engineered an antiviral strategy termed REAPER (vRNA Expression Activates Poisonous Effector Ribonuclease) that leverages the programmable RNA-targeting capabilities of CRISPR Cas13 and its potent collateral activity. Akin to a stealthy Trojan Horse hiding in stealth awaiting the presence of its enemy, REAPER remains concealed within the mosquito until an infectious blood meal is up taken. Upon target viral RNA infection, REAPER activates, triggering programmed destruction of its target arbovirus such as chikungunya. Consequently, Cas13 mediated RNA targeting significantly reduces viral replication and its promiscuous collateral activity can even kill infected mosquitoes. This innovative REAPER technology adds to an arsenal of effective molecular genetic tools to combat mosquito virus transmission.
Published: 2023

8. The case for an EIC Theory Alliance: Theoretical Challenges of the EIC

Author: Abir, Raktim, Akushevich, Igor, Altinoluk, Tolga, Anderle, Daniele Paolo, Aslan, Fatma P., Bacchetta, Alessandro, Balantekin, Baha, Barata, Joao, Battaglieri, Marco, Bertulani, Carlos A., Beuf, Guillaume, Bissolotti, Chiara, Boer, Daniël, Boglione, M., Boughezal, Radja, Braaten, Eric, Brambilla, Nora, Braun, Vladimir, Byer, Duane, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Chien, Yang-Ting, Cloët, Ian C., Constantinou, Martha, Cosyn, Wim, Courtoy, Aurore, Czajka, Alexander, D'Alesio, Umberto, Bozzi, Giuseppe, Danilkin, Igor, Das, Debasish, de Florian, Daniel, Delgado, Andrea, de Melo, J. P. B. C., Detmold, William, Döring, Michael, Dumitru, Adrian, Echevarria, Miguel G., Edwards, Robert, Eichmann, Gernot, El-Bennich, Bruno, Engelhardt, Michael, Fernandez-Ramirez, Cesar, Fischer, Christian, Fox, Geofrey, Freese, Adam, Gamberg, Leonard, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Giacosa, Francesco, da Silveira, Gustavo Gil, Glazier, Derek, Goncalves, Victor P., Grossberndt, Silas, Guo, Feng-Kun, Gupta, Rajan, Hatta, Yoshitaka, Hentschinski, Martin, Blin, Astrid Hiller, Hobbs, Timothy, Ilyichev, Alexander, Jalilian-Marian, Jamal, Ji, Chueng-Ryong, Jia, Shuo, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Karki, Bishnu, Ke, Weiyao, Khachatryan, Vladimir, Kharzeev, Dmitri, Klein, Spencer R., Korepin, Vladimir, Kovchegov, Yuri, Kriesten, Brandon, Kumano, Shunzo, Lai, Wai Kin, Lebed, Richard, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Kyle, Li, Hai Tao, Liao, Jifeng, Lin, Huey-Wen, Liu, Keh-Fei, Liuti, Simonetta, Lorcé, Cédric, Machado, Magno V. T., Mantysaari, Heikki, Mathieu, Vincent, Mathur, Nilmani, Mehtar-Tani, Yacine, Melnitchouk, Wally, Mereghetti, Emanuele, Metz, Andreas, Michel, Johannes K. L., Miller, Gerald, Mkrtchyan, Hamlet, Mukherjee, Asmita, Mukherjee, Swagato, Mulders, Piet, Munier, Stéphane, Murgia, Francesco, Nadolsky, P. M., Negele, John W, Neill, Duff, Nemchik, Jan, Nocera, E., Okorokov, Vitalii, Olness, Fredrick, Pasquini, Barbara, Peng, Chao, Petreczky, Peter, Petriello, Frank, Pilloni, Alessandro, Pire, Bernard, Pisano, Cristian, Pitonyak, Daniel, Praszalowicz, Michal, Prokudin, Alexei, Qiu, Jianwei, Radici, Marco, Raya, Khépani, Ringer, Felix, West, Jennifer Rittenhouse, Rodas, Arkaitz, Rodini, Simone, Rojo, Juan, Salazar, Farid, Santopinto, Elena, Sargsian, Misak, Sato, Nobuo, Schenke, Bjoern, Schindler, Stella, Schnell, Gunar, Schweitzer, Peter, Scimemi, Ignazio, Segovia, Jorge, Semenov-Tian-Shansky, Kirill, Shanahan, Phiala, Shao, Ding-Yu, Sievert, Matt, Signori, Andrea, Singh, Rajeev, Skokov, Vladi, Song, Qin-Tao, Srednyak, Stanislav, Stewart, Iain W., Sufian, Raza Sabbir, Swanson, Eric, Syritsyn, Sergey, Szczepaniak, Adam, Sznajder, Pawel, Tandogan, Asli, Tawabutr, Yossathorn, Tawfik, A., Terry, John, Toll, Tobias, Tomalak, Oleksandr, Twagirayezu, Fidele, Venugopalan, Raju, Vitev, Ivan, Vladimirov, Alexey, Vogelsang, Werner, Vogt, Ramona, Vujanovic, Gojko, Waalewijn, Wouter, Wang, Xiang-Peng, Xiao, Bo-Wen, Xing, Hongxi, Yang, Yi-Bo, Yao, Xiaojun, Yuan, Feng, Zhao, Yong, Zurita, Pia, Abir, Raktim, Akushevich, Igor, Altinoluk, Tolga, Anderle, Daniele Paolo, Aslan, Fatma P., Bacchetta, Alessandro, Balantekin, Baha, Barata, Joao, Battaglieri, Marco, Bertulani, Carlos A., Beuf, Guillaume, Bissolotti, Chiara, Boer, Daniël, Boglione, M., Boughezal, Radja, Braaten, Eric, Brambilla, Nora, Braun, Vladimir, Byer, Duane, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Chien, Yang-Ting, Cloët, Ian C., Constantinou, Martha, Cosyn, Wim, Courtoy, Aurore, Czajka, Alexander, D'Alesio, Umberto, Bozzi, Giuseppe, Danilkin, Igor, Das, Debasish, de Florian, Daniel, Delgado, Andrea, de Melo, J. P. B. C., Detmold, William, Döring, Michael, Dumitru, Adrian, Echevarria, Miguel G., Edwards, Robert, Eichmann, Gernot, El-Bennich, Bruno, Engelhardt, Michael, Fernandez-Ramirez, Cesar, Fischer, Christian, Fox, Geofrey, Freese, Adam, Gamberg, Leonard, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Giacosa, Francesco, da Silveira, Gustavo Gil, Glazier, Derek, Goncalves, Victor P., Grossberndt, Silas, Guo, Feng-Kun, Gupta, Rajan, Hatta, Yoshitaka, Hentschinski, Martin, Blin, Astrid Hiller, Hobbs, Timothy, Ilyichev, Alexander, Jalilian-Marian, Jamal, Ji, Chueng-Ryong, Jia, Shuo, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Karki, Bishnu, Ke, Weiyao, Khachatryan, Vladimir, Kharzeev, Dmitri, Klein, Spencer R., Korepin, Vladimir, Kovchegov, Yuri, Kriesten, Brandon, Kumano, Shunzo, Lai, Wai Kin, Lebed, Richard, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Kyle, Li, Hai Tao, Liao, Jifeng, Lin, Huey-Wen, Liu, Keh-Fei, Liuti, Simonetta, Lorcé, Cédric, Machado, Magno V. T., Mantysaari, Heikki, Mathieu, Vincent, Mathur, Nilmani, Mehtar-Tani, Yacine, Melnitchouk, Wally, Mereghetti, Emanuele, Metz, Andreas, Michel, Johannes K. L., Miller, Gerald, Mkrtchyan, Hamlet, Mukherjee, Asmita, Mukherjee, Swagato, Mulders, Piet, Munier, Stéphane, Murgia, Francesco, Nadolsky, P. M., Negele, John W, Neill, Duff, Nemchik, Jan, Nocera, E., Okorokov, Vitalii, Olness, Fredrick, Pasquini, Barbara, Peng, Chao, Petreczky, Peter, Petriello, Frank, Pilloni, Alessandro, Pire, Bernard, Pisano, Cristian, Pitonyak, Daniel, Praszalowicz, Michal, Prokudin, Alexei, Qiu, Jianwei, Radici, Marco, Raya, Khépani, Ringer, Felix, West, Jennifer Rittenhouse, Rodas, Arkaitz, Rodini, Simone, Rojo, Juan, Salazar, Farid, Santopinto, Elena, Sargsian, Misak, Sato, Nobuo, Schenke, Bjoern, Schindler, Stella, Schnell, Gunar, Schweitzer, Peter, Scimemi, Ignazio, Segovia, Jorge, Semenov-Tian-Shansky, Kirill, Shanahan, Phiala, Shao, Ding-Yu, Sievert, Matt, Signori, Andrea, Singh, Rajeev, Skokov, Vladi, Song, Qin-Tao, Srednyak, Stanislav, Stewart, Iain W., Sufian, Raza Sabbir, Swanson, Eric, Syritsyn, Sergey, Szczepaniak, Adam, Sznajder, Pawel, Tandogan, Asli, Tawabutr, Yossathorn, Tawfik, A., Terry, John, Toll, Tobias, Tomalak, Oleksandr, Twagirayezu, Fidele, Venugopalan, Raju, Vitev, Ivan, Vladimirov, Alexey, Vogelsang, Werner, Vogt, Ramona, Vujanovic, Gojko, Waalewijn, Wouter, Wang, Xiang-Peng, Xiao, Bo-Wen, Xing, Hongxi, Yang, Yi-Bo, Yao, Xiaojun, Yuan, Feng, Zhao, Yong, and Zurita, Pia
Abstract: We outline the physics opportunities provided by the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). These include the study of the parton structure of the nucleon and nuclei, the onset of gluon saturation, the production of jets and heavy flavor, hadron spectroscopy and tests of fundamental symmetries. We review the present status and future challenges in EIC theory that have to be addressed in order to realize this ambitious and impactful physics program, including how to engage a diverse and inclusive workforce. In order to address these many-fold challenges, we propose a coordinated effort involving theory groups with differing expertise is needed. We discuss the scientific goals and scope of such an EIC Theory Alliance., Comment: 44 pages, ReVTeX, White Paper on EIC Theory Alliance
Published: 2023

9. Prevalence, General and Periodontal Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in China

Author: Liu,Zhiqiang, Gao,Xiaoli, Liang,Lirong, Zhou,Xuan, Han,Xiaozhe, Yang,Ting, Huang,Kewu, Lin,Yingxiang, Deng,Shu, Wang,Zuomin, Wang,Chen, Liu,Zhiqiang, Gao,Xiaoli, Liang,Lirong, Zhou,Xuan, Han,Xiaozhe, Yang,Ting, Huang,Kewu, Lin,Yingxiang, Deng,Shu, Wang,Zuomin, and Wang,Chen
Abstract: Zhiqiang Liu,1,&ast; Xiaoli Gao,1,&ast; Lirong Liang,2 Xuan Zhou,1 Xiaozhe Han,3 Ting Yang,4â 7 Kewu Huang,8 Yingxiang Lin,8 Shu Deng,9 Zuomin Wang,1 Chen Wang4â 7,10 1Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA; 4Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 6Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 7Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 8Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 9Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, Cambridge, MA, USA; 10WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zuomin Wang, Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 10 85231492, Email wzuomin@sina.cn Chen Wang, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, Peopl
Published: 2023

10. The case for an EIC Theory Alliance: Theoretical Challenges of the EIC

Author: Abir, Raktim, Akushevich, Igor, Altinoluk, Tolga, Anderle, Daniele Paolo, Aslan, Fatma P., Bacchetta, Alessandro, Balantekin, Baha, Barata, Joao, Battaglieri, Marco, Bertulani, Carlos A., Beuf, Guillaume, Bissolotti, Chiara, Boer, Daniël, Boglione, M., Boughezal, Radja, Braaten, Eric, Brambilla, Nora, Braun, Vladimir, Byer, Duane, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Chien, Yang-Ting, Cloët, Ian C., Constantinou, Martha, Cosyn, Wim, Courtoy, Aurore, Czajka, Alexander, D'Alesio, Umberto, Bozzi, Giuseppe, Danilkin, Igor, Das, Debasish, de Florian, Daniel, Delgado, Andrea, de Melo, J. P. B. C., Detmold, William, Döring, Michael, Dumitru, Adrian, Echevarria, Miguel G., Edwards, Robert, Eichmann, Gernot, El-Bennich, Bruno, Engelhardt, Michael, Fernandez-Ramirez, Cesar, Fischer, Christian, Fox, Geofrey, Freese, Adam, Gamberg, Leonard, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Giacosa, Francesco, da Silveira, Gustavo Gil, Glazier, Derek, Goncalves, Victor P., Grossberndt, Silas, Guo, Feng-Kun, Gupta, Rajan, Hatta, Yoshitaka, Hentschinski, Martin, Blin, Astrid Hiller, Hobbs, Timothy, Ilyichev, Alexander, Jalilian-Marian, Jamal, Ji, Chueng-Ryong, Jia, Shuo, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Karki, Bishnu, Ke, Weiyao, Khachatryan, Vladimir, Kharzeev, Dmitri, Klein, Spencer R., Korepin, Vladimir, Kovchegov, Yuri, Kriesten, Brandon, Kumano, Shunzo, Lai, Wai Kin, Lebed, Richard, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Kyle, Li, Hai Tao, Liao, Jifeng, Lin, Huey-Wen, Liu, Keh-Fei, Liuti, Simonetta, Lorcé, Cédric, Machado, Magno V. T., Mantysaari, Heikki, Mathieu, Vincent, Mathur, Nilmani, Mehtar-Tani, Yacine, Melnitchouk, Wally, Mereghetti, Emanuele, Metz, Andreas, Michel, Johannes K. L., Miller, Gerald, Mkrtchyan, Hamlet, Mukherjee, Asmita, Mukherjee, Swagato, Mulders, Piet, Munier, Stéphane, Murgia, Francesco, Nadolsky, P. M., Negele, John W, Neill, Duff, Nemchik, Jan, Nocera, E., Okorokov, Vitalii, Olness, Fredrick, Pasquini, Barbara, Peng, Chao, Petreczky, Peter, Petriello, Frank, Pilloni, Alessandro, Pire, Bernard, Pisano, Cristian, Pitonyak, Daniel, Praszalowicz, Michal, Prokudin, Alexei, Qiu, Jianwei, Radici, Marco, Raya, Khépani, Ringer, Felix, West, Jennifer Rittenhouse, Rodas, Arkaitz, Rodini, Simone, Rojo, Juan, Salazar, Farid, Santopinto, Elena, Sargsian, Misak, Sato, Nobuo, Schenke, Bjoern, Schindler, Stella, Schnell, Gunar, Schweitzer, Peter, Scimemi, Ignazio, Segovia, Jorge, Semenov-Tian-Shansky, Kirill, Shanahan, Phiala, Shao, Ding-Yu, Sievert, Matt, Signori, Andrea, Singh, Rajeev, Skokov, Vladi, Song, Qin-Tao, Srednyak, Stanislav, Stewart, Iain W., Sufian, Raza Sabbir, Swanson, Eric, Syritsyn, Sergey, Szczepaniak, Adam, Sznajder, Pawel, Tandogan, Asli, Tawabutr, Yossathorn, Tawfik, A., Terry, John, Toll, Tobias, Tomalak, Oleksandr, Twagirayezu, Fidele, Venugopalan, Raju, Vitev, Ivan, Vladimirov, Alexey, Vogelsang, Werner, Vogt, Ramona, Vujanovic, Gojko, Waalewijn, Wouter, Wang, Xiang-Peng, Xiao, Bo-Wen, Xing, Hongxi, Yang, Yi-Bo, Yao, Xiaojun, Yuan, Feng, Zhao, Yong, Zurita, Pia, Abir, Raktim, Akushevich, Igor, Altinoluk, Tolga, Anderle, Daniele Paolo, Aslan, Fatma P., Bacchetta, Alessandro, Balantekin, Baha, Barata, Joao, Battaglieri, Marco, Bertulani, Carlos A., Beuf, Guillaume, Bissolotti, Chiara, Boer, Daniël, Boglione, M., Boughezal, Radja, Braaten, Eric, Brambilla, Nora, Braun, Vladimir, Byer, Duane, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Chien, Yang-Ting, Cloët, Ian C., Constantinou, Martha, Cosyn, Wim, Courtoy, Aurore, Czajka, Alexander, D'Alesio, Umberto, Bozzi, Giuseppe, Danilkin, Igor, Das, Debasish, de Florian, Daniel, Delgado, Andrea, de Melo, J. P. B. C., Detmold, William, Döring, Michael, Dumitru, Adrian, Echevarria, Miguel G., Edwards, Robert, Eichmann, Gernot, El-Bennich, Bruno, Engelhardt, Michael, Fernandez-Ramirez, Cesar, Fischer, Christian, Fox, Geofrey, Freese, Adam, Gamberg, Leonard, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Giacosa, Francesco, da Silveira, Gustavo Gil, Glazier, Derek, Goncalves, Victor P., Grossberndt, Silas, Guo, Feng-Kun, Gupta, Rajan, Hatta, Yoshitaka, Hentschinski, Martin, Blin, Astrid Hiller, Hobbs, Timothy, Ilyichev, Alexander, Jalilian-Marian, Jamal, Ji, Chueng-Ryong, Jia, Shuo, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Karki, Bishnu, Ke, Weiyao, Khachatryan, Vladimir, Kharzeev, Dmitri, Klein, Spencer R., Korepin, Vladimir, Kovchegov, Yuri, Kriesten, Brandon, Kumano, Shunzo, Lai, Wai Kin, Lebed, Richard, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Kyle, Li, Hai Tao, Liao, Jifeng, Lin, Huey-Wen, Liu, Keh-Fei, Liuti, Simonetta, Lorcé, Cédric, Machado, Magno V. T., Mantysaari, Heikki, Mathieu, Vincent, Mathur, Nilmani, Mehtar-Tani, Yacine, Melnitchouk, Wally, Mereghetti, Emanuele, Metz, Andreas, Michel, Johannes K. L., Miller, Gerald, Mkrtchyan, Hamlet, Mukherjee, Asmita, Mukherjee, Swagato, Mulders, Piet, Munier, Stéphane, Murgia, Francesco, Nadolsky, P. M., Negele, John W, Neill, Duff, Nemchik, Jan, Nocera, E., Okorokov, Vitalii, Olness, Fredrick, Pasquini, Barbara, Peng, Chao, Petreczky, Peter, Petriello, Frank, Pilloni, Alessandro, Pire, Bernard, Pisano, Cristian, Pitonyak, Daniel, Praszalowicz, Michal, Prokudin, Alexei, Qiu, Jianwei, Radici, Marco, Raya, Khépani, Ringer, Felix, West, Jennifer Rittenhouse, Rodas, Arkaitz, Rodini, Simone, Rojo, Juan, Salazar, Farid, Santopinto, Elena, Sargsian, Misak, Sato, Nobuo, Schenke, Bjoern, Schindler, Stella, Schnell, Gunar, Schweitzer, Peter, Scimemi, Ignazio, Segovia, Jorge, Semenov-Tian-Shansky, Kirill, Shanahan, Phiala, Shao, Ding-Yu, Sievert, Matt, Signori, Andrea, Singh, Rajeev, Skokov, Vladi, Song, Qin-Tao, Srednyak, Stanislav, Stewart, Iain W., Sufian, Raza Sabbir, Swanson, Eric, Syritsyn, Sergey, Szczepaniak, Adam, Sznajder, Pawel, Tandogan, Asli, Tawabutr, Yossathorn, Tawfik, A., Terry, John, Toll, Tobias, Tomalak, Oleksandr, Twagirayezu, Fidele, Venugopalan, Raju, Vitev, Ivan, Vladimirov, Alexey, Vogelsang, Werner, Vogt, Ramona, Vujanovic, Gojko, Waalewijn, Wouter, Wang, Xiang-Peng, Xiao, Bo-Wen, Xing, Hongxi, Yang, Yi-Bo, Yao, Xiaojun, Yuan, Feng, Zhao, Yong, and Zurita, Pia
Abstract: We outline the physics opportunities provided by the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). These include the study of the parton structure of the nucleon and nuclei, the onset of gluon saturation, the production of jets and heavy flavor, hadron spectroscopy and tests of fundamental symmetries. We review the present status and future challenges in EIC theory that have to be addressed in order to realize this ambitious and impactful physics program, including how to engage a diverse and inclusive workforce. In order to address these many-fold challenges, we propose a coordinated effort involving theory groups with differing expertise is needed. We discuss the scientific goals and scope of such an EIC Theory Alliance., Comment: 44 pages, ReVTeX, White Paper on EIC Theory Alliance
Published: 2023

11. Towards a Muon Collider

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Sala, Paola, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Sytov, Alexei, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valente, Marco, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, Zurita, Jose, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Sala, Paola, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Sytov, Alexei, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valente, Marco, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10~TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work., Comment: 118 pages, 103 figures
Published: 2023

12. Targeting Sex Determination to Suppress Mosquito Populations

Author: Li, Ming, Kandul, Nikolay P., Sun, Ruichen, Yang, Ting, D. Benetta, Elena, Brogan, Daniel J., Antoshechkin, Igor, Sánchez C., Héctor M., Zhan, Yinpeng, DeBeaubien, Nicolas A., Loh, YuMin M., Su, Matthew P., Montell, Craig, Marshall, John M., Akbari, Omar S., Li, Ming, Kandul, Nikolay P., Sun, Ruichen, Yang, Ting, D. Benetta, Elena, Brogan, Daniel J., Antoshechkin, Igor, Sánchez C., Héctor M., Zhan, Yinpeng, DeBeaubien, Nicolas A., Loh, YuMin M., Su, Matthew P., Montell, Craig, Marshall, John M., and Akbari, Omar S.
Abstract: Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Aedes aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to control wild populations, safely curtailing disease transmission.
Published: 2023

13. Alterations in the Fecal Microbiota Composition in Pediatric Acute Diarrhea: A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study of Viral and Bacterial Enteritis

Author: Xiao,Qiulin, Chen,Bo, Zhu,Zhenya, Yang,Ting, Tao,Enfu, Hu,Chenmin, Zheng,Wei, Tang,Weihong, Shu,Xiaoli, Jiang,Mizu, Xiao,Qiulin, Chen,Bo, Zhu,Zhenya, Yang,Ting, Tao,Enfu, Hu,Chenmin, Zheng,Wei, Tang,Weihong, Shu,Xiaoli, and Jiang,Mizu
Abstract: Qiulin Xiao,1,2 Bo Chen,1 Zhenya Zhu,1 Ting Yang,1 Enfu Tao,1 Chenmin Hu,1 Wei Zheng,3 Weihong Tang,2 Xiaoli Shu,1 Mizu Jiang1,3 1Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Childrenâs Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Childrenâs Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou Childrenâs Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Gastroenterology, Childrenâs Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Childrenâs Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mizu Jiang, Department of Gastroenterology, Childrenâs Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Childrenâs Regional Medical Center, 3333 Bin Sheng Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86-571-87061007, Fax +86-571-86658672, Email mizu@zju.edu.cnObjective: To examine the association between the fecal microbiota of acute diarrhea in children and provide gut microbiota information related the acute diarrhea with rotavirus.Patients and Methods: Children with acute diarrhea aged 3â 60 months were selected for the study. Routine stool examination was performed, and stool samples were collected and stored at â 80 Â°C until further analysis. Fecal microbial DNA was extracted, and DNA concentration and quality were detected. PCR amplification and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis using the Illumina MiSeq platform were performed, and intestinal flora was statistically analyzed.Results: Children with acute diarrhea exhibited gut microbial dysbiosis. Lower microbial diversity and richness were observed in the viral enteritis and bacterial enteritis groups than in the control group. Composition of the micro
Published: 2023

14. Towards a muon collider

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Accettura, Carlotta, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, and Fiorina, Davide
Abstract: A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work.
Published: 2023

15. Towards a muon collider

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N., Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Jurj, Paul Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Novelli, Daniel, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J., Sytov, Alexei, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Marco, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, Rienen, Ursula van, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoon, Sangsik, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, Zurita, Jose, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N., Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Jurj, Paul Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Novelli, Daniel, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J., Sytov, Alexei, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Marco, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, Rienen, Ursula van, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoon, Sangsik, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work.
Published: 2023

16. Interfacial Dynamics in Dual Channels: Inspired by Cuttlebone

Author: Huang, Matthew, Frohlich, Karl, Esmaili, Ehsan, Yang, Ting, Li, Ling, Jung, Sunghwan, Huang, Matthew, Frohlich, Karl, Esmaili, Ehsan, Yang, Ting, Li, Ling, and Jung, Sunghwan
Abstract: The cuttlebone, a chambered gas-filled structure found in cuttlefish, serves a crucial role in buoyancy control for the animal. This study investigates the motion of liquid-gas interfaces within cuttlebone-inspired artificial channels. The cuttlebone’s unique microstructure, characterized by chambers divided by vertical pillars, exhibits interesting fluid dynamics at small scales while pumping water in and out. Various channels were fabricated with distinct geometries, mimicking cuttlebone features, and subjected to different pressure drops. The behavior of the liquid-gas interface was explored, revealing that channels with pronounced waviness facilitated more non-uniform air-water interfaces. Here, Lyapunov exponents were employed to characterize interface separation, and they indicated more differential motions with increased pressure drops. Channels with greater waviness and amplitude exhibited higher Lyapunov exponents, while straighter channels exhibited slower separation. This is potentially aligned with cuttlefish’s natural adaptation to efficient water transport near the membrane, where more straight channels are observed in real cuttlebone.
Published: 2023

17. An improved Nicotiana benthamiana bioproduction chassis provides novel insights into nicotine biosynthesis

Author: Vollheyde, Katharina, Dudley, Quentin M., Yang, Ting, Oz, Mehmet T., Mancinotti, Davide, Fedi, Mariano Olivera, Heavens, Darren, Linsmith, Gareth, Chhetry, Monika, Smedley, Mark A., Harwood, Wendy A., Swarbreck, David, Geu-Flores, Fernando, Patron, Nicola J., Vollheyde, Katharina, Dudley, Quentin M., Yang, Ting, Oz, Mehmet T., Mancinotti, Davide, Fedi, Mariano Olivera, Heavens, Darren, Linsmith, Gareth, Chhetry, Monika, Smedley, Mark A., Harwood, Wendy A., Swarbreck, David, Geu-Flores, Fernando, and Patron, Nicola J.
Abstract: The model plant Nicotiana benthamiana is an increasingly attractive organism for the production of high-value, biologically active molecules. However, N. benthamiana accumulates high levels of pyridine alkaloids, in particular nicotine, which complicates the downstream purification processes. Here, we report a new assembly of the N. benthamiana genome as well as the generation of low-nicotine lines by CRISPR/Cas9-based inactivation of berberine bridge enzyme-like proteins (BBLs). Triple as well as quintuple mutants accumulated three to four times less nicotine than the respective control lines. The availability of lines without functional BBLs allowed us to probe their catalytic role in nicotine biosynthesis, which has remained obscure. Notably, chiral analysis revealed that the enantiomeric purity of nicotine was fully lost in the quintuple mutants. In addition, precursor feeding experiments showed that these mutants cannot facilitate the specific loss of C6 hydrogen that characterizes natural nicotine biosynthesis. Our work delivers an improved N. benthamiana chassis for bioproduction and uncovers the crucial role of BBLs in the stereoselectivity of nicotine biosynthesis.
Published: 2023

18. A comprehensive lettuce variation map reveals the impact of structural variations in agronomic traits

Author: Zhang, Zhaowu, van Treuren, Rob, Yang, Ting, Hu, Yulan, Zhou, Wenhui, Liu, Huan, Wei, Tong, Zhang, Zhaowu, van Treuren, Rob, Yang, Ting, Hu, Yulan, Zhou, Wenhui, Liu, Huan, and Wei, Tong
Abstract: Background: As an important vegetable crop, cultivated lettuce is grown worldwide and a great variety of agronomic traits have been preserved within germplasm collections. The mechanisms underlying these phenotypic variations remain to be elucidated in association with sequence variations. Compared with single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations (SVs) that have more impacts on gene functions remain largely uncharacterized in the lettuce genome. Results: Here, we produced a comprehensive SV set for 333 wild and cultivated lettuce accessions. Comparison of SV frequencies showed that the SVs prevalent in L. sativa affected the genes enriched in carbohydrate derivative catabolic and secondary metabolic processes. Genome-wide association analysis of seven agronomic traits uncovered potentially causal SVs associated with seed coat color and leaf anthocyanin content. Conclusion: Our work characterized a great abundance of SVs in the lettuce genome, and provides a valuable genomic resource for future lettuce breeding.
Published: 2023

19. Chromosome-scale genomes of commercial timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis)

Author: Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Min, Chen, Yewen, Gui, Jinshan, Fang, Dongming, Chen, Xiaoli, Yang, Ting, He, Chengzhong, Cheng, Le, Yang, Jinlong, Sahu, Durgesh Nandini, Li, Linzhou, Wang, Hongli, Mu, Weixue, Wei, Jinpu, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Yuxian, Zhang, Shouzhou, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Laigeng, Wang, Sibo, Liu, Huan, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Min, Chen, Yewen, Gui, Jinshan, Fang, Dongming, Chen, Xiaoli, Yang, Ting, He, Chengzhong, Cheng, Le, Yang, Jinlong, Sahu, Durgesh Nandini, Li, Linzhou, Wang, Hongli, Mu, Weixue, Wei, Jinpu, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Yuxian, Zhang, Shouzhou, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Laigeng, Wang, Sibo, and Liu, Huan
Abstract: Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy. Despite the ecological and economic importance of wood, many aspects of its formation have not yet been investigated. We performed chromosome-scale genome assemblies of three timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis) which exhibit different wood properties such as wood density, hardness, growth rate, and fiber cell wall thickness. The combination of 10X, stLFR, Hi-Fi sequencing and HiC data led us to assemble high-quality genomes evident by scaffold N50 length of 55.97 Mb (O. pyramidale), 22.37 Mb (M. ferrea) and 14.55 Mb (T. grandis) with >97% BUSCO completeness of the assemblies. A total of 35774, 24027, and 44813 protein-coding genes were identified in M. ferrea, T. grandis and O. pyramidale, respectively. The data generated in this study is anticipated to serve as a valuable genetic resource and will promote comparative genomic analyses, and it is of practical importance in gaining a further understanding of the wood properties in non-model woody species., Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy. Despite the ecological and economic importance of wood, many aspects of its formation have not yet been investigated. We performed chromosome-scale genome assemblies of three timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis) which exhibit different wood properties such as wood density, hardness, growth rate, and fiber cell wall thickness. The combination of 10X, stLFR, Hi-Fi sequencing and HiC data led us to assemble high-quality genomes evident by scaffold N50 length of 55.97 Mb (O. pyramidale), 22.37 Mb (M. ferrea) and 14.55 Mb (T. grandis) with >97% BUSCO completeness of the assemblies. A total of 35774, 24027, and 44813 protein-coding genes were identified in M. ferrea, T. grandis and O. pyramidale, respectively. The data generated in this study is anticipated to serve as a valuable genetic resource and will promote comparative genomic analyses, and it is of practical importance in gaining a further understanding of the wood properties in non-model woody species.
Published: 2023

20. Serum Proteomic Profiling in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Author: Wu,Sinan, Huang,Ke, Chang,Chenli, Chu,Xu, Zhang,Kun, Li,Baicun, Yang,Ting, Wu,Sinan, Huang,Ke, Chang,Chenli, Chu,Xu, Zhang,Kun, Li,Baicun, and Yang,Ting
Abstract: Sinan Wu,1â 4,&ast; Ke Huang,1â 4,&ast; Chenli Chang,1â 5 Xu Chu,1â 4,6 Kun Zhang,7 Baicun Li,1â 4 Ting Yang1â 4 1National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 6Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Peopleâs Republic of China; 7Biotree-Shanghai, Focus Dream Park, Shanghai, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ting Yang; Baicun Li, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 10-84206273, Email zryyyangting@163.com; lbc19890303@126.comPurpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study used proteomic profiling of serum to identify the differentially expressed proteins in COPD patients compared with healthy controls, to expand the knowledge of COPD pathogenesis and to ascertain potential new targets for diagnosis and treatment of COPD.Methods: Serum samples were collected from 56 participants (COPD group n = 28; Healthy Control group n = 28). A data-independent acquisition quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEP
Published: 2023

21. Multi-MEC Cooperation Based VR Video Transmission and Cache using K-Shortest Paths Optimization

Author: Xia, Jingwen, Chen, Luyao, Tang, Yong, Yang, Ting, Wang, Wenyong, Xia, Jingwen, Chen, Luyao, Tang, Yong, Yang, Ting, and Wang, Wenyong
Abstract: In recent network architectures, multi-MEC cooperative caching has been introduced to reduce the transmission latency of VR videos, in which MEC servers' computing and caching capability are utilized to optimize the transmission process. However, many solutions that use the computing capability of MEC servers ignore the additional arithmetic power consumed by the codec process, thus making them infeasible. Besides, the minimum cache unit is usually the entire VR video, which makes caching inefficient. To address these challenges, we split VR videos into tile files for caching based on the current popular network architecture and provide a reliable transmission mechanism and an effective caching strategy. Since the number of different tile files N is too large, the current cooperative caching algorithms do not cope with such large-scale input data. We further analyze the problem and propose an optimized k-shortest paths (OKSP) algorithm with an upper bound time complexity of O((K * M + N) * M * logN)), and suitable for shortest paths with restricted number of edges, where K is the total number of tiles that all M MEC servers can cache in the collaboration domain. And we prove the OKSP algorithm can compute the caching scheme with the lowest average latency in any case, which means the solution given is the exact solution. The simulation results show that the OKSP algorithm has excellent speed for solving large-scale data and consistently outperforms other caching algorithms in the experiments.
Published: 2023

22. Modeling Fretting Wear Resistance and Shakedown of Metallic Materials with Graded Nanostructured Surfaces

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yang, Ting, Venkatesh, T. A., Dao, Ming, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yang, Ting, Venkatesh, T. A., and Dao, Ming
Abstract: In applications involving fretting wear damage, surfaces with high yield strength and wear resistance are required. In this study, the mechanical responses of materials with graded nanostructured surfaces during fretting sliding are investigated and compared to homogeneous materials through a systematic computational study. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed to characterize the fretting sliding characteristics and shakedown behavior with varying degrees of contact friction and gradient layer thicknesses. Results obtained using a representative model material (i.e., 304 stainless steel) demonstrate that metallic materials with a graded nanostructured surface could exhibit a more than 80% reduction in plastically deformed surface areas and volumes, resulting in superior fretting damage resistance in comparison to homogeneous coarse-grained metals. In particular, a graded nanostructured material can exhibit elastic or plastic shakedown, depending on the contact friction coefficient. Optimal fretting resistance can be achieved for the graded nanostructured material by decreasing the friction coefficient (e.g., from 0.6 to 0.4 in 304 stainless steel), resulting in an elastic shakedown behavior, where the plastically deformed volume and area exhibit zero increment in the accumulated plastic strain during further sliding. These findings in the graded nanostructured materials using 304 stainless steel as a model system can be further tailored for engineering optimal fretting damage resistance.
Published: 2023

23. Towards a Muon Collider

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Sala, Paola, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Sytov, Alexei, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valente, Marco, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, Zurita, Jose, Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorina, Davide, Fol, Elena, Forslund, Matthew, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gallinaro, Michele, Garosi, Francesco, Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Voti, Roberto Li, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Gomez, Jose Lorenzo, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Maltoni, Fabio, Mandurrino, Marco, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marchand, Claude, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Marzocca, David, Mastrapasqua, Paola, Mauro, Giorgio, Mazzolari, Andrea, McGinnis, Navin, Meade, Patrick, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Mentink, Matthias, Merlassino, Claudia, Metral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mokhov, Nikolai, Montella, Alessandro, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Neufeld, Niko, Neuffer, David, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Palmer, Mark, Panci, Paolo, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Prioli, Marco, Quettier, Lionel, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ricciardi, Stefania, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Rogers, Chris, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rossi, Lucio, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Sala, Paola, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Esteban, Francisco Javier Saura, Schieck, Jochen, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shiltsev, Vladimir, Shu, Jing, Simone, Federica Maria, Simoniello, Rosa, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd, Stolarski, Daniel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Sytov, Alexei, Kuchma, Benjamin T., Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Tesi, Andrea, Testoni, Pietro, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Ludovico, Tortora, Luca, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, Valente, Marco, Valenti, Alessandro, Valle, Nicolò, van Rienen, Ursula, Venditti, Rosamaria, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Wang, Liantao, Weber, Hannsjorg, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Richard, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Yifeng, Yonehara, Katsuya, Zaza, Angela, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work., Comment: 118 pages, 103 figures
Published: 2023

24. An improved Nicotiana benthamiana bioproduction chassis provides novel insights into nicotine biosynthesis

Author: Vollheyde, Katharina, Dudley, Quentin M., Yang, Ting, Oz, Mehmet T., Mancinotti, Davide, Fedi, Mariano Olivera, Heavens, Darren, Linsmith, Gareth, Chhetry, Monika, Smedley, Mark A., Harwood, Wendy A., Swarbreck, David, Geu-Flores, Fernando, Patron, Nicola J., Vollheyde, Katharina, Dudley, Quentin M., Yang, Ting, Oz, Mehmet T., Mancinotti, Davide, Fedi, Mariano Olivera, Heavens, Darren, Linsmith, Gareth, Chhetry, Monika, Smedley, Mark A., Harwood, Wendy A., Swarbreck, David, Geu-Flores, Fernando, and Patron, Nicola J.
Abstract: The model plant Nicotiana benthamiana is an increasingly attractive organism for the production of high-value, biologically active molecules. However, N. benthamiana accumulates high levels of pyridine alkaloids, in particular nicotine, which complicates the downstream purification processes. Here, we report a new assembly of the N. benthamiana genome as well as the generation of low-nicotine lines by CRISPR/Cas9-based inactivation of berberine bridge enzyme-like proteins (BBLs). Triple as well as quintuple mutants accumulated three to four times less nicotine than the respective control lines. The availability of lines without functional BBLs allowed us to probe their catalytic role in nicotine biosynthesis, which has remained obscure. Notably, chiral analysis revealed that the enantiomeric purity of nicotine was fully lost in the quintuple mutants. In addition, precursor feeding experiments showed that these mutants cannot facilitate the specific loss of C6 hydrogen that characterizes natural nicotine biosynthesis. Our work delivers an improved N. benthamiana chassis for bioproduction and uncovers the crucial role of BBLs in the stereoselectivity of nicotine biosynthesis.
Published: 2023

25. Chromosome-scale genomes of commercial timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis)

Author: Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Min, Chen, Yewen, Gui, Jinshan, Fang, Dongming, Chen, Xiaoli, Yang, Ting, He, Chengzhong, Cheng, Le, Yang, Jinlong, Sahu, Durgesh Nandini, Li, Linzhou, Wang, Hongli, Mu, Weixue, Wei, Jinpu, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Yuxian, Zhang, Shouzhou, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Laigeng, Wang, Sibo, Liu, Huan, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Min, Chen, Yewen, Gui, Jinshan, Fang, Dongming, Chen, Xiaoli, Yang, Ting, He, Chengzhong, Cheng, Le, Yang, Jinlong, Sahu, Durgesh Nandini, Li, Linzhou, Wang, Hongli, Mu, Weixue, Wei, Jinpu, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Yuxian, Zhang, Shouzhou, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Laigeng, Wang, Sibo, and Liu, Huan
Abstract: Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy. Despite the ecological and economic importance of wood, many aspects of its formation have not yet been investigated. We performed chromosome-scale genome assemblies of three timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis) which exhibit different wood properties such as wood density, hardness, growth rate, and fiber cell wall thickness. The combination of 10X, stLFR, Hi-Fi sequencing and HiC data led us to assemble high-quality genomes evident by scaffold N50 length of 55.97 Mb (O. pyramidale), 22.37 Mb (M. ferrea) and 14.55 Mb (T. grandis) with >97% BUSCO completeness of the assemblies. A total of 35774, 24027, and 44813 protein-coding genes were identified in M. ferrea, T. grandis and O. pyramidale, respectively. The data generated in this study is anticipated to serve as a valuable genetic resource and will promote comparative genomic analyses, and it is of practical importance in gaining a further understanding of the wood properties in non-model woody species., Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy. Despite the ecological and economic importance of wood, many aspects of its formation have not yet been investigated. We performed chromosome-scale genome assemblies of three timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis) which exhibit different wood properties such as wood density, hardness, growth rate, and fiber cell wall thickness. The combination of 10X, stLFR, Hi-Fi sequencing and HiC data led us to assemble high-quality genomes evident by scaffold N50 length of 55.97 Mb (O. pyramidale), 22.37 Mb (M. ferrea) and 14.55 Mb (T. grandis) with >97% BUSCO completeness of the assemblies. A total of 35774, 24027, and 44813 protein-coding genes were identified in M. ferrea, T. grandis and O. pyramidale, respectively. The data generated in this study is anticipated to serve as a valuable genetic resource and will promote comparative genomic analyses, and it is of practical importance in gaining a further understanding of the wood properties in non-model woody species.
Published: 2023

26. Spatial and diurnal variations of aerosol organosulfates in summertime Shanghai, China: Potential influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate pollution

Author: Yang, Ting, Xu, Yu, Ye, Qing, Ma, Yi-Jia, Wang, Yuchen, Yu, Jianzhen, Duan, Yu-Sen, Li, Chen-Xi, Xiao, Hong-Wei, Li, Zi-Yue, Zhao, Yue, Xiao, Hua-Yun, Yang, Ting, Xu, Yu, Ye, Qing, Ma, Yi-Jia, Wang, Yuchen, Yu, Jianzhen, Duan, Yu-Sen, Li, Chen-Xi, Xiao, Hong-Wei, Li, Zi-Yue, Zhao, Yue, and Xiao, Hua-Yun
Abstract: Organosulfates (OSs) are ubiquitous aerosol components, which has seen intense research over years. However, spatial and diurnal variations in OS formation in polluted atmospheres remain poorly understood. In this study, 130 OS species were quantified (or semi-quantified) in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Shanghai (East China) in the summer of 2021. Isoprene- and monoterpene-derived OSs were dominant OS groups (averaging 51% and 19% of total quantified OSs, respectively), likely indicating a large biogenic contribution to OS formation in summer. Most OSs peaked during daytime, while monoterpene-derived nitrooxy-OSs (NOSm) increased during nighttime. Accordingly, OSs were largely produced via daytime formation processes, rather than nighttime chemistry, except for NOSm. Additionally, although OS formation in the urban and suburban areas exhibited similar diurnal variations, the average concentrations of biogenic and anthropogenic OSs decreased significantly from the urban site to the suburban site. Furthermore, we concretized daytime OS formation based on the interactions among OSs, ultraviolet (UV), ozone (O3), and sulfate (SO42-). Indeed, the concentrations of most OSs were significantly correlated with the values of UV[O3][SO42-] during daytime in both urban and suburban Shanghai. In particular, the correlation between major OSs and UV[O3][SO42-] was stronger than the correlation of major OSs with O3 and SO42-; moreover, there was no significant correlation between major OSs and UV. Thus, higher urban OS events were attributed to the enhanced photochemical processes and sulfate level in the urban area. Overall, this study provides field evidence for the influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate on OS formation and has important implications for the mitigation of organic particulate pollution. © 2023 Ting Yang et al.
Published: 2023

27. XFEL serial crystallography reveals the room temperature structure of methyl-coenzyme M reductase.

Author: Ohmer, Christopher J, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, Ragsdale, Stephen W, Ohmer, Christopher J, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, and Ragsdale, Stephen W
Abstract: Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase (MCR) catalyzes the biosynthesis of methane in methanogenic archaea, using a catalytic Ni-centered Cofactor F430 in its active site. It also catalyzes the reverse reaction, that is, the anaerobic activation and oxidation, including the cleavage of the CH bond in methane. Because methanogenesis is the major source of methane on earth, understanding the reaction mechanism of this enzyme can have massive implications in global energy balances. While recent publications have proposed a radical-based catalytic mechanism as well as novel sulfonate-based binding modes of MCR for its native substrates, the structure of the active state of MCR, as well as a complete characterization of the reaction, remain elusive. Previous attempts to structurally characterize the active MCR-Ni(I) state have been unsuccessful due to oxidation of the redox- sensitive catalytic Ni center. Further, while many cryo structures of the inactive Ni(II)-enzyme in various substrates-bound forms have been published, no room temperature structures have been reported, and the structure and mechanism of MCR under physiologically relevant conditions is not known. In this study, we report the first room temperature structure of the MCRred1-silent Ni(II) form using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL), with simultaneous X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data collection. In celebration of the seminal contributions of inorganic chemist Dick Holm to our understanding of nickel-based catalysis, we are honored to announce our findings in this special issue dedicated to this remarkable pioneer of bioinorganic chemistry.
Published: 2022

28. Precision boson-jet azimuthal decorrelation at hadron colliders

Author: Chien, Yang-Ting, Rahn, Rudi, Shao, Ding Yu, Waalewijn, Wouter J., Wu, Bin, Chien, Yang-Ting, Rahn, Rudi, Shao, Ding Yu, Waalewijn, Wouter J., and Wu, Bin
Abstract: The azimuthal angular decorrelation of a vector boson and jet is sensitive to QCD radiation, and can be used to probe the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions. By using a recoil-free jet definition, the sensitivity to contamination from soft radiation on the measurement is reduced, and the complication of non-global logarithms is eliminated from our theoretical calculation. Specifically we will consider the $p_T^n$ recombination scheme, as well as the $n\to \infty$ limit, known as the winner-take-all scheme. These jet definitions also significantly simplify the calculation for a track-based measurement, which is preferred due to its superior angular resolution. We present a detailed discussion of the factorization in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, revealing why the transverse momentum $\vec q_T$ is more complicated than the azimuthal angle. We show that potential glauber contributions do not spoil our factorization formalism, at least up to and including order $\alpha_s^3$. The resummation is carried out using the renormalization group, and all necessary ingredients are collected or calculated. We conclude with a detailed phenomenological study, finding an enhanced matching correction for high jet $p_T$ due to the electroweak collinear enhancement of a boson emission off di-jets. We also compare with the Pythia event generator, finding that our observable is very robust to hadronization and the underlying event., Comment: 50 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2022

29. Muon Collider Physics Summary

Author: Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Dasu, Sridhara, De Blas, Jorge, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Ferrari, Anna, Fiorina, Davide, Franceschini, Roberto, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Tao, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Krizka, Karol, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Yang, Ma, Lianliang, Maltoni, Fabio, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, van Rienen, Ursula, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Ruiz, Richard, Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shu, Jing, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zurita, Jose, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Dasu, Sridhara, De Blas, Jorge, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Ferrari, Anna, Fiorina, Davide, Franceschini, Roberto, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Tao, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Krizka, Karol, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Yang, Ma, Lianliang, Maltoni, Fabio, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, van Rienen, Ursula, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Ruiz, Richard, Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shu, Jing, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Zhao, Xiaoran, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: The perspective of designing muon colliders with high energy and luminosity, which is being investigated by the International Muon Collider Collaboration, has triggered a growing interest in their physics reach. We present a concise summary of the muon colliders potential to explore new physics, leveraging on the unique possibility of combining high available energy with very precise measurements., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures; Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Published: 2022

30. The physics case of a 3 TeV muon collider stage

Author: De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zurita, Jose, De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: In the path towards a muon collider with center of mass energy of 10 TeV or more, a stage at 3 TeV emerges as an appealing option. Reviewing the physics potential of such muon collider is the main purpose of this document. In order to outline the progression of the physics performances across the stages, a few sensitivity projections for higher energy are also presented. There are many opportunities for probing new physics at a 3 TeV muon collider. Some of them are in common with the extensively documented physics case of the CLIC 3 TeV energy stage, and include measuring the Higgs trilinear coupling and testing the possible composite nature of the Higgs boson and of the top quark at the 20 TeV scale. Other opportunities are unique of a 3 TeV muon collider, and stem from the fact that muons are collided rather than electrons. This is exemplified by studying the potential to explore the microscopic origin of the current $g$-2 and $B$-physics anomalies, which are both related with muons., Comment: 73 pages, 28 figures; Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Published: 2022

31. XFEL serial crystallography reveals the room temperature structure of methyl-coenzyme M reductase.

Author: Ohmer, Christopher J, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, Ragsdale, Stephen W, Ohmer, Christopher J, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, and Ragsdale, Stephen W
Abstract: Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase (MCR) catalyzes the biosynthesis of methane in methanogenic archaea, using a catalytic Ni-centered Cofactor F430 in its active site. It also catalyzes the reverse reaction, that is, the anaerobic activation and oxidation, including the cleavage of the CH bond in methane. Because methanogenesis is the major source of methane on earth, understanding the reaction mechanism of this enzyme can have massive implications in global energy balances. While recent publications have proposed a radical-based catalytic mechanism as well as novel sulfonate-based binding modes of MCR for its native substrates, the structure of the active state of MCR, as well as a complete characterization of the reaction, remain elusive. Previous attempts to structurally characterize the active MCR-Ni(I) state have been unsuccessful due to oxidation of the redox- sensitive catalytic Ni center. Further, while many cryo structures of the inactive Ni(II)-enzyme in various substrates-bound forms have been published, no room temperature structures have been reported, and the structure and mechanism of MCR under physiologically relevant conditions is not known. In this study, we report the first room temperature structure of the MCRred1-silent Ni(II) form using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL), with simultaneous X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data collection. In celebration of the seminal contributions of inorganic chemist Dick Holm to our understanding of nickel-based catalysis, we are honored to announce our findings in this special issue dedicated to this remarkable pioneer of bioinorganic chemistry.
Published: 2022

32. Genomes shed light on the evolution of Begonia, a mega-diverse genus

Author: Li, Lingfei, Chen, Xiaoli, Fang, Dongming, Dong, Shanshan, Guo, Xing, Li, Na, Campos-Dominguez, Lucia, Wang, Wenguang, Liu, Yang, Lang, Xiaoan, Peng, Yang, Tian, Daike, Thomas, Daniel C., Mu, Weixue, Liu, Min, Wu, Chenyu, Yang, Ting, Zhang, Suzhou, Yang, Leilei, Yang, Jianfen, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Zhang, Liangsheng, Zhang, Xingtan, Chen, Fei, Jiao, Yuannian, Guo, Yalong, Hughes, Mark, Wang, Wei, Liu, Xiaofei, Zhong, Chunmei, Li, Airong, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Yang, Huanming, Wu, Ernest, Sharbrough, Joel, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Soltis, Douglas E., Van de Peer, Yves, Kidner, Catherine, Zhang, Shouzhou, Liu, Huan, Li, Lingfei, Chen, Xiaoli, Fang, Dongming, Dong, Shanshan, Guo, Xing, Li, Na, Campos-Dominguez, Lucia, Wang, Wenguang, Liu, Yang, Lang, Xiaoan, Peng, Yang, Tian, Daike, Thomas, Daniel C., Mu, Weixue, Liu, Min, Wu, Chenyu, Yang, Ting, Zhang, Suzhou, Yang, Leilei, Yang, Jianfen, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Zhang, Liangsheng, Zhang, Xingtan, Chen, Fei, Jiao, Yuannian, Guo, Yalong, Hughes, Mark, Wang, Wei, Liu, Xiaofei, Zhong, Chunmei, Li, Airong, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Yang, Huanming, Wu, Ernest, Sharbrough, Joel, Lisby, Michael, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Soltis, Douglas E., Van de Peer, Yves, Kidner, Catherine, Zhang, Shouzhou, and Liu, Huan
Abstract: Clarifying the evolutionary processes underlying species diversification and adaptation is a key focus of evolutionary biology. Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the most species-rich angiosperm genera with c. 2000 species, most of which are shade-adapted. Here, we present chromosome-scale genome assemblies for four species of Begonia (B. loranthoides, B. masoniana, B. darthvaderiana and B. peltatifolia), and whole genome shotgun data for an additional 74 Begonia representatives to investigate lineage evolution and shade adaptation of the genus. The four genome assemblies range in size from 331.75 Mb (B. peltatifolia) to 799.83 Mb (B. masoniana), and harbor 22 059–23 444 protein-coding genes. Synteny analysis revealed a lineage-specific whole-genome duplication (WGD) that occurred just before the diversification of Begonia. Functional enrichment of gene families retained after WGD highlights the significance of modified carbohydrate metabolism and photosynthesis possibly linked to shade adaptation in the genus, which is further supported by expansions of gene families involved in light perception and harvesting. Phylogenomic reconstructions and genomics studies indicate that genomic introgression has also played a role in the evolution of Begonia. Overall, this study provides valuable genomic resources for Begonia and suggests potential drivers underlying the diversity and adaptive evolution of this mega-diverse clade.
Published: 2022

33. Muon Collider Physics Summary

Author: Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Dasu, Sridhara, De Blas, Jorge, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Ferrari, Anna, Fiorina, Davide, Franceschini, Roberto, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Tao, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Krizka, Karol, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Yang, Ma, Lianliang, Maltoni, Fabio, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, van Rienen, Ursula, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Ruiz, Richard, Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shu, Jing, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zurita, Jose, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Dasu, Sridhara, De Blas, Jorge, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Ferrari, Anna, Fiorina, Davide, Franceschini, Roberto, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Tao, Henning, Brian, Hermanek, Keith, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Karpov, Ivan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kong, Kyoungchul, Koppenburg, Patrick, Krizka, Karol, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Yang, Ma, Lianliang, Maltoni, Fabio, Mansoulie, Bruno, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, van Rienen, Ursula, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Ruiz, Richard, Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Shu, Jing, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Sundrum, Raman, Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Zhao, Xiaoran, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: The perspective of designing muon colliders with high energy and luminosity, which is being investigated by the International Muon Collider Collaboration, has triggered a growing interest in their physics reach. We present a concise summary of the muon colliders potential to explore new physics, leveraging on the unique possibility of combining high available energy with very precise measurements., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures; Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Published: 2022

34. The physics case of a 3 TeV muon collider stage

Author: De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zurita, Jose, De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: In the path towards a muon collider with center of mass energy of 10 TeV or more, a stage at 3 TeV emerges as an appealing option. Reviewing the physics potential of such muon collider is the main purpose of this document. In order to outline the progression of the physics performances across the stages, a few sensitivity projections for higher energy are also presented. There are many opportunities for probing new physics at a 3 TeV muon collider. Some of them are in common with the extensively documented physics case of the CLIC 3 TeV energy stage, and include measuring the Higgs trilinear coupling and testing the possible composite nature of the Higgs boson and of the top quark at the 20 TeV scale. Other opportunities are unique of a 3 TeV muon collider, and stem from the fact that muons are collided rather than electrons. This is exemplified by studying the potential to explore the microscopic origin of the current $g$-2 and $B$-physics anomalies, which are both related with muons., Comment: 73 pages, 28 figures; Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Published: 2022

35. CRISPR Mediated Transactivation in the Human Disease Vector Aedes aegypti

Author: Bui, Michelle, Dalla Benetta, Elena, Dong, Yuemei, Zhao, Yunchong, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Antoshechkin, Igor A., Buchman, Anna, Bottino-Rojas, Vanessa, James, Anthony A., Perry, Michael W., Dimopoulos, George, Akbari, Omar S., Bui, Michelle, Dalla Benetta, Elena, Dong, Yuemei, Zhao, Yunchong, Yang, Ting, Li, Ming, Antoshechkin, Igor A., Buchman, Anna, Bottino-Rojas, Vanessa, James, Anthony A., Perry, Michael W., Dimopoulos, George, and Akbari, Omar S.
Abstract: As a major insect vector of multiple arboviruses, Aedes aegypti poses a significant global health and economic burden. A number of genetic engineering tools have been exploited to understand its biology with the goal of reducing its impact. For example, current tools have focused on knocking-down RNA transcripts, inducing loss-of-function mutations or expressing exogenous DNA. However, methods for transactivating endogenous genes have not been developed. To fill this void, here we developed a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system in Ae. aegypti to transactivate target gene expression. Gene expression is activated through pairing a catalytically-inactive (‘dead’) Cas9 (dCas9) with a highly-active tripartite activator, VP64-p65-Rta (VPR) and synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) complementary to a user defined target-gene promoter region. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that engineered Ae. aegypti mosquitoes harboring a binary CRISPRa system can be used to effectively overexpress two developmental genes, even-skipped (eve) and hedgehog (hh), resulting in observable morphological phenotypes. We also used this system to overexpress the positive transcriptional regulator of the Toll immune pathway known as AaRel1, which resulted in a significant suppression of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2). This system provides a versatile tool for research pathways not previously possible in Ae. aegypti, such as programmed overexpression of endogenous genes, and may lead to the development of innovative vector control tools.
Published: 2022

36. XFEL serial crystallography reveals the room temperature structure of methyl-coenzyme M reductase

Author: Ohmer, Christopher J., Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D., Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M., Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S., Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W., Moriarty, Nigel W., Brewster, Aaron S., Gee, Leland B., Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D., Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K., Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L., Yachandra, Vittal K., Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F., Ragsdale, Stephen W., Ohmer, Christopher J., Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D., Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M., Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S., Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W., Moriarty, Nigel W., Brewster, Aaron S., Gee, Leland B., Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D., Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K., Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L., Yachandra, Vittal K., Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F., and Ragsdale, Stephen W.
Abstract: Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase (MCR) catalyzes the biosynthesis of methane in methanogenic archaea, using a catalytic Ni-centered Cofactor F430 in its active site. It also catalyzes the reverse reaction, that is, the anaerobic activation and oxidation, including the cleavage of the C-H bond in methane. Because methanogenesis is the major source of methane on earth, understanding the reaction mechanism of this enzyme can have massive implications in global energy balances. While recent publications have proposed a radical-based catalytic mechanism as well as novel sulfonate-based binding modes of MCR for its native substrates, the structure of the active state of MCR, as well as a complete characterization of the reaction, remain elusive. Previous attempts to structurally characterize the active MCR-Ni(I) state have been unsuccessful due to oxidation of the redox- sensitive catalytic Ni center. Further, while many cryo structures of the inactive Ni(II)-enzyme in various substrates bound forms have been published, no room temperature structures have been reported, and the structure and mechanism of MCR under physiologically relevant conditions is not known. In this study, we report the first room temperature structure of the MCRred1-silent Ni(II) form using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL), with simultaneous X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data collection. In celebration of the seminal contributions of inorganic chemist Dick Holm to our understanding of nickel-based catalysis, we are honored to announce our findings in this special issue dedicated to this remarkable pioneer of bioinorganic chemistry., QC 20220627
Published: 2022
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37. First measurement of anti-k$_\mathrm{T}$ jet spectra and jet substructure using the archived ALEPH $e^+e^-$ data at 91.2 GeV

Author: Chen, Yi, Baty, Austin, Perepelitsa, Dennis, McGinn, Christopher, Thaler, Jesse, Maggi, Marcello, Chang, Paoti, Sheng, Tzu-An, Chien, Yang-Ting, Lee, Yen-Jie, Chen, Yi, Baty, Austin, Perepelitsa, Dennis, McGinn, Christopher, Thaler, Jesse, Maggi, Marcello, Chang, Paoti, Sheng, Tzu-An, Chien, Yang-Ting, and Lee, Yen-Jie
Abstract: We present the first anti-k$_{T}$ jet spectrum and substructure measurements using the archived ALEPH $e^+e^-$ data taken in 1994 at a center of mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 91.2$ GeV. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-k$_{T}$ algorithm with a resolution parameter of 0.4. It is the cleanest test of jets and QCD without the complication of hadronic initial states. The fixed center-of-mass energy also allows the first direct test of pQCD calculation. We present both the inclusive jet energy spectrum and the leading dijet energy spectra, together with a number of substructure observables. They are compared to predictions from PYTHIA6, PYTHIA8, Sherpa, HERWIG, VINCIA, and PYQUEN. None of the models fully reproduce the data. The data are also compared to two perturbative QCD calculations at NLO and with NLL'+R resummation. The results can also serve as reference measurements to compare to results from hadronic colliders. Future directions, including testing jet clustering algorithms designed for future electron-ion collider experiments, will also be discussed.
Published: 2022

38. Ancient plant-like terpene biosynthesis in corals.

Author: Burkhardt, Immo, Burkhardt, Immo, de Rond, Tristan, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Moore, Bradley S, Burkhardt, Immo, Burkhardt, Immo, de Rond, Tristan, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, and Moore, Bradley S
Abstract: Octocorals are major contributors of terpenoid chemical diversity in the ocean. Natural products from other sessile marine animals are primarily biosynthesized by symbiotic microbes rather than by the host. Here, we challenge this long-standing paradigm by describing a monophyletic lineage of animal-encoded terpene cyclases (TCs) ubiquitous in octocorals. We characterized 15 TC enzymes from nine genera, several of which produce precursors of iconic coral-specific terpenoids, such as pseudopterosin, lophotoxin and eleutherobin. X-ray crystallography revealed that coral TCs share conserved active site residues and structural features with bacterial TCs. The identification of coral TCs enabled the targeted identification of the enzyme that constructs the coral-exclusive capnellane scaffold. Several TC genes are colocalized with genes that encode enzymes known to modify terpenes. This work presents an example of biosynthetic capacity in the kingdom Animalia that rivals the chemical complexity generated by plants, unlocking the biotechnological potential of octocorals for biomedical applications.
Published: 2022

39. Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined with X-Ray Irradiation on the Inflammatory Microenvironment and Lung Tissue Injury in Mice

Author: Geng,Yichao, Su,Shengfa, Cao,Li, Yang,Ting, Ouyang,Weiwei, Liu,Lingfeng, Wu,Bibo, Zhang,Qiuning, Lu,Bing, Wang,Xiaohu, Geng,Yichao, Su,Shengfa, Cao,Li, Yang,Ting, Ouyang,Weiwei, Liu,Lingfeng, Wu,Bibo, Zhang,Qiuning, Lu,Bing, and Wang,Xiaohu
Abstract: Yichao Geng,1– 3,* Shengfa Su,2,3,* Li Cao,2,* Ting Yang,4 Weiwei Ouyang,2,3 Lingfeng Liu,2,3 Bibo Wu,2,3 Qiuning Zhang,5 Bing Lu,2,3 Xiaohu Wang1,5 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China; 5Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaohu WangThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613909407551,Fax +86 931 5196196, Email xhwang@impcas.ac.cn; Bing Lu Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613809432527, Fax +86 851 6513076, Email lbgymaaaa@163.comPurpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of PD-1 inhibitor on lung tissue morphology and the immune system in a mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and to assess interactions between radiation therapy and PD-1 inhibition.Methods: Twenty C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into four groups of five mice each. Mice were treated with an anti-mouse PD-1 monoclonal antibody, whole thorax irradiation, both or neither. Lung tissue morphology and pathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; lung fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining and analysis of hydroxyproline; CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in lung tissues were detected immunohistochemically; and the concentrations of transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in
Published: 2022

40. The genetic diversity and comparative analyses of eukaryotes based on large-scale genomic data

Author: Yang, Ting and Yang, Ting
Abstract: Genome sequencing has grown rapidly in the past 20 years. From a single genome, we can dissect the genome size, gene content, gene family, and biosynthesis pathways for each species. In addition, by performing genome comparisons using more than two genomes, we can understand their phylogenetic relationships, genomic changes and common eukaryotic biology, such as for fungi and plants, which play critical roles in ecosystems and provide us food, medicine and other basic requirements. It is critical to assess the conservation status of the population, utilize the useful feature and retain their biodiversity in the genomics era. There are around 350,000 recognized species of plants on the planet. The plastid organelle performs various vital cellular processes, including the growth and development of plants. The complete plastid genomes could be utilized to enhance our understanding of plant biology and diversity, and provide evidence for new species identification. By employing these large-scale data, the genomic organizations were compared in their plastid genomic DNA, which include gene gain/loss, gene copy number, GC content, gene conservation and gene blocks. By employing three different data sets in all nucleotide positions (nt123), only the first and second codon positions (nt12), and amino acids (AA), a robust phylogeny were constructed of green plants. Filamentous fungi are known for their natural production of many commercial enzymes and biologically active drugs, and in particular, Aspergillus and Penicillium as the most dominant genera of filamentous fungi are widely used in industry, food, fermentation and drug discovery. Until January 2020, 128 Aspergillus genomes from NCBI and 87 from JGI, 68 Penicillium genomes from NCBI and 32 from JGI have been published. In my PhD study, a comprehensively analysis of 146 genomes from 22 sections of the genus Aspergillus and 13 sections of the genus Penicillium
Published: 2022

41. The physics case of a 3 TeV muon collider stage

Author: De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zurita, Jose, De Blas, Jorge, Buttazzo, Dario, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Curtin, David, Franceschini, Roberto, Maltoni, Fabio, Meade, Patrick, Meloni, Federico, Su, Shufang, Vryonidou, Eleni, Wulzer, Andrea, Aimè, Chiara, Apyan, Aram, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Bartosik, Nazar, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bottaro, Salvatore, Buonincontri, Laura, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Costa, Marco, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dasu, Sridhara, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Dorigo, Tommaso, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Fiorina, Davide, Forslund, Matthew, Gabrielli, Emidio, Garosi, Francesco, Glioti, Alfredo, Greco, Mario, Greljo, Admir, Groeber, Ramona, Grojean, Christophe, Gu, Jiayin, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hermanek, Keith, Herndon, Matthew, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Huang, Guoyuan, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Kahn, Yonatan, Kilian, Wolfgang, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kreher, Nils, Krizka, Karol, Krnjaic, Gordan, Kumar, Nilanjana, Lee, Lawrence, Li, Qiang, Liu, Zhen, Long, Kenneth, Low, Ian, Lu, Qianshu, Lucchesi, Donatella, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yang, Mantani, Luca, Marzocca, David, McGinnis, Navin, Mele, Barbara, Merlassino, Claudia, Montella, Alessandro, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Panci, Paolo, Griso, Simone Pagan, Panico, Giuliano, Paradisi, Paride, Pastrone, Nadia, Piccinini, Fulvio, Potamianos, Karolos, Radicioni, Emilio, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Redigolo, Diego, Reina, Laura, Reuter, Jürgen, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricci, Lorenzo, Ristori, Luciano, Robens, Tania Natalie, Rodejohann, Werner, Ruiz, Richard, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Sala, Filippo, Salko, Jakub, Salvini, Paola, Santiago, Jose, Sarra, Ivano, Schulte, Daniel, Selvaggi, Michele, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sestini, Lorenzo, Sharma, Varun, Simoniello, Rosa, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stolarski, Daniel, Su, Wei, Sumensari, Olcyr, Sun, Xiaohu, Tait, Tim M. P., Tang, Jian, Tesi, Andrea, Thomas, Brooks, Thompson, Emily Anne, Torre, Riccardo, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Vai, Ilaria, Valenti, Alessandro, Vittorio, Ludovico, Wang, Liantao, Wu, Yongcheng, Xie, Keping, Zhao, Xiaoran, and Zurita, Jose
Abstract: In the path towards a muon collider with center of mass energy of 10 TeV or more, a stage at 3 TeV emerges as an appealing option. Reviewing the physics potential of such muon collider is the main purpose of this document. In order to outline the progression of the physics performances across the stages, a few sensitivity projections for higher energy are also presented. There are many opportunities for probing new physics at a 3 TeV muon collider. Some of them are in common with the extensively documented physics case of the CLIC 3 TeV energy stage, and include measuring the Higgs trilinear coupling and testing the possible composite nature of the Higgs boson and of the top quark at the 20 TeV scale. Other opportunities are unique of a 3 TeV muon collider, and stem from the fact that muons are collided rather than electrons. This is exemplified by studying the potential to explore the microscopic origin of the current $g$-2 and $B$-physics anomalies, which are both related with muons., Comment: 73 pages, 28 figures; Contribution to Snowmass 2021
Published: 2022

42. First measurement of anti-k$_\mathrm{T}$ jet spectra and jet substructure using the archived ALEPH $e^+e^-$ data at 91.2 GeV

Author: Chen, Yi, Baty, Austin, Perepelitsa, Dennis, McGinn, Christopher, Thaler, Jesse, Maggi, Marcello, Chang, Paoti, Sheng, Tzu-An, Chien, Yang-Ting, Lee, Yen-Jie, Chen, Yi, Baty, Austin, Perepelitsa, Dennis, McGinn, Christopher, Thaler, Jesse, Maggi, Marcello, Chang, Paoti, Sheng, Tzu-An, Chien, Yang-Ting, and Lee, Yen-Jie
Abstract: We present the first anti-k$_{T}$ jet spectrum and substructure measurements using the archived ALEPH $e^+e^-$ data taken in 1994 at a center of mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 91.2$ GeV. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-k$_{T}$ algorithm with a resolution parameter of 0.4. It is the cleanest test of jets and QCD without the complication of hadronic initial states. The fixed center-of-mass energy also allows the first direct test of pQCD calculation. We present both the inclusive jet energy spectrum and the leading dijet energy spectra, together with a number of substructure observables. They are compared to predictions from PYTHIA6, PYTHIA8, Sherpa, HERWIG, VINCIA, and PYQUEN. None of the models fully reproduce the data. The data are also compared to two perturbative QCD calculations at NLO and with NLL'+R resummation. The results can also serve as reference measurements to compare to results from hadronic colliders. Future directions, including testing jet clustering algorithms designed for future electron-ion collider experiments, will also be discussed.
Published: 2022

43. High strength and damage-tolerance in echinoderm stereom as a natural bicontinuous ceramic cellular solid

Author: Yang, Ting, Jia, Zian, Wu, Ziling, Chen, Hongshun, Deng, Zhifei, Chen, Liuni, Zhu, Yunhui, Li, Ling, Yang, Ting, Jia, Zian, Wu, Ziling, Chen, Hongshun, Deng, Zhifei, Chen, Liuni, Zhu, Yunhui, and Li, Ling
Abstract: Due to their low damage tolerance, engineering ceramic foams are often limited to non-structural usages. In this work, we report that stereom, a bioceramic cellular solid (relative density, 0.2–0.4) commonly found in the mineralized skeletal elements of echinoderms (e.g., sea urchin spines), achieves simultaneous high relative strength which approaches the Suquet bound and remarkable energy absorption capability (ca. 17.7 kJ kg⁻¹) through its unique bicontinuous open-cell foam-likemicrostructure. The high strength is due to the ultra-low stress concentrationswithin the stereom during loading, resulted from their defect-free cellular morphologies with near-constant surface mean curvatures and negative Gaussian curvatures. Furthermore, the combination of bending-induced microfracture of branches and subsequent local jamming of fractured fragments facilitated by small throat openings in stereom leads to the progressive formation and growth of damage bands with significant microscopic densification of fragments, and consequently, contributes to stereom’s exceptionally high damage tolerance.
Published: 2022

44. XFEL serial crystallography reveals the room temperature structure of methyl-coenzyme M reductase

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, Ragsdale, Stephen W, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Ohmer, Christopher J, Dasgupta, Medhanjali, Patwardhan, Anjali, Bogacz, Isabel, Kaminsky, Corey, Doyle, Margaret D, Chen, Percival Yang-Ting, Keable, Stephen M, Makita, Hiroki, Simon, Philipp S, Massad, Ramzi, Fransson, Thomas, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Bhowmick, Asmit, Paley, Daniel W, Moriarty, Nigel W, Brewster, Aaron S, Gee, Leland B, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Moss, Frank, Fuller, Franklin D, Batyuk, Alexander, Sauter, Nicholas K, Bergmann, Uwe, Drennan, Catherine L, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan F, and Ragsdale, Stephen W
Abstract: Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase (MCR) catalyzes the biosynthesis of methane in methanogenic archaea, using a catalytic Ni-centered Cofactor F430 in its active site. It also catalyzes the reverse reaction, that is, the anaerobic activation and oxidation, including the cleavage of the CH bond in methane. Because methanogenesis is the major source of methane on earth, understanding the reaction mechanism of this enzyme can have massive implications in global energy balances. While recent publications have proposed a radical-based catalytic mechanism as well as novel sulfonate-based binding modes of MCR for its native substrates, the structure of the active state of MCR, as well as a complete characterization of the reaction, remain elusive. Previous attempts to structurally characterize the active MCR-Ni(I) state have been unsuccessful due to oxidation of the redox- sensitive catalytic Ni center. Further, while many cryo structures of the inactive Ni(II)-enzyme in various substrates-bound forms have been published, no room temperature structures have been reported, and the structure and mechanism of MCR under physiologically relevant conditions is not known. In this study, we report the first room temperature structure of the MCRred1-silent Ni(II) form using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL), with simultaneous X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data collection. In celebration of the seminal contributions of inorganic chemist Dick Holm to our understanding of nickel-based catalysis, we are honored to announce our findings in this special issue dedicated to this remarkable pioneer of bioinorganic chemistry.
Published: 2022

45. Age of Diagnosis and Demographic Factors Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Chinese Children: A Multi-Center Survey

Author: Long,Dan, Yang,Ting, Chen,Jie, Dai,Ying, Chen,Li, Jia,Feiyong, Wu,Lijie, Hao,Yan, Li,Ling, Zhang,Jie, Ke,Xiaoyan, Yi,Mingji, Hong,Qi, Chen,Jinjin, Fang,Shuanfeng, Wang,Yichao, Wang,Qi, Jin,Chunhua, Li,Tingyu, Long,Dan, Yang,Ting, Chen,Jie, Dai,Ying, Chen,Li, Jia,Feiyong, Wu,Lijie, Hao,Yan, Li,Ling, Zhang,Jie, Ke,Xiaoyan, Yi,Mingji, Hong,Qi, Chen,Jinjin, Fang,Shuanfeng, Wang,Yichao, Wang,Qi, Jin,Chunhua, and Li,Tingyu
Abstract: Dan Long,1 Ting Yang,1 Jie Chen,1 Ying Dai,1 Li Chen,1 Feiyong Jia,2 Lijie Wu,3 Yan Hao,4 Ling Li,5 Jie Zhang,6 Xiaoyan Ke,7 Mingji Yi,8 Qi Hong,9 Jinjin Chen,10 Shuanfeng Fang,11 Yichao Wang,12 Qi Wang,13 Chunhua Jin,14 Tingyu Li1 1Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center of Child Health and Disorders, Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Research Center for Child Development and Behavior, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5Department of Children Rehabilitation, Hainan Women and Childrenâs Medical Center, Haikou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 6Children Health Care Center, Xiâan Childrenâs Hospital, Xiâan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 7The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 8Department of Child Health Care, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Peopleâs Republic of China; 9Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, Peopleâs Republic of China; 10Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Childrenâs Hospital, Shanghai, Peopleâs Republic of China; 11Department of Child Health Care, Childrenâs Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 12National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Changsha, Peopleâs Republic of China; 13Deyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Deyang, Peopleâs Republic of China; 14Department of Children Health C
Published: 2022

46. Soil-Gas Diffusivity-Based Characterization of Variably Saturated Agricultural Topsoils

Author: Abeysinghe, A. M. S. N., Lakshani, M. M. T., Amarasinghe, U. D. H. N., Li, Yuan, Deepagoda, T. K. K. Chamindu, Fu, Wei, Fan, Jun, Yang, Ting, Ma, Xiaoyi, Clough, Tim, Elberling, Bo, Smits, Kathleen, Abeysinghe, A. M. S. N., Lakshani, M. M. T., Amarasinghe, U. D. H. N., Li, Yuan, Deepagoda, T. K. K. Chamindu, Fu, Wei, Fan, Jun, Yang, Ting, Ma, Xiaoyi, Clough, Tim, Elberling, Bo, and Smits, Kathleen
Abstract: Soil-gas diffusivity and its variation with soil moisture plays a fundamental role in diffusion-controlled migration of climate-impact gases from different terrestrial agroecosystems including cultivated soils and managed pasture systems. The wide contrast in soil texture and structure (e.g., density, soil aggregation) in agriculture topsoils (0-10 cm) makes it challenging for soil-gas diffusivity predictive models to make accurate predictions across different moisture conditions. This study characterized gas diffusivity and gas-phase tortuosity in soils sampled from managed pasture and cultivated sites in Sri Lanka at 0-10 cm depth, together with selected soil-gas diffusivity data from the literature. Soil-gas diffusivity was measured using a one-chamber diffusion apparatus using N-2 and O-2 as experimental gases. The measured diffusivity, together with literature data representing both intact and repacked soils, were tested against five existing widely known gas diffusivity predictive models. The tested models tended to mischaracterize the two-region behavior in some of the aggregated soils, suggesting the need of soil-specific diffusivity models to better describe gas diffusivity in agricultural soils. We suggested a new parametric two-region model, developed in line with literature-based models, to represent both unimodal and bimodal/two-region behavior of selected soils. The new model statistically outperformed the existing predictive models for both intact and repacked soils and, hence, demonstrated its applicability to better characterize site-specific greenhouse gas emissions under different soil water regimes.
Published: 2022

47. Soil-Gas Diffusivity-Based Characterization of Variably Saturated Agricultural Topsoils

Author: Abeysinghe, A. M. S. N., Lakshani, M. M. T., Amarasinghe, U. D. H. N., Li, Yuan, Deepagoda, T. K. K. Chamindu, Fu, Wei, Fan, Jun, Yang, Ting, Ma, Xiaoyi, Clough, Tim, Elberling, Bo, Smits, Kathleen, Abeysinghe, A. M. S. N., Lakshani, M. M. T., Amarasinghe, U. D. H. N., Li, Yuan, Deepagoda, T. K. K. Chamindu, Fu, Wei, Fan, Jun, Yang, Ting, Ma, Xiaoyi, Clough, Tim, Elberling, Bo, and Smits, Kathleen
Abstract: Soil-gas diffusivity and its variation with soil moisture plays a fundamental role in diffusion-controlled migration of climate-impact gases from different terrestrial agroecosystems including cultivated soils and managed pasture systems. The wide contrast in soil texture and structure (e.g., density, soil aggregation) in agriculture topsoils (0-10 cm) makes it challenging for soil-gas diffusivity predictive models to make accurate predictions across different moisture conditions. This study characterized gas diffusivity and gas-phase tortuosity in soils sampled from managed pasture and cultivated sites in Sri Lanka at 0-10 cm depth, together with selected soil-gas diffusivity data from the literature. Soil-gas diffusivity was measured using a one-chamber diffusion apparatus using N-2 and O-2 as experimental gases. The measured diffusivity, together with literature data representing both intact and repacked soils, were tested against five existing widely known gas diffusivity predictive models. The tested models tended to mischaracterize the two-region behavior in some of the aggregated soils, suggesting the need of soil-specific diffusivity models to better describe gas diffusivity in agricultural soils. We suggested a new parametric two-region model, developed in line with literature-based models, to represent both unimodal and bimodal/two-region behavior of selected soils. The new model statistically outperformed the existing predictive models for both intact and repacked soils and, hence, demonstrated its applicability to better characterize site-specific greenhouse gas emissions under different soil water regimes.
Published: 2022

48. The Cycas genome and the early evolution of seed plants

Author: Liu, Yang, Wang, Sibo, Li, Linzhou, Yang, Ting, Dong, Shanshan, Wei, Tong, Wu, Shengdan, Liu, Yongbo, Gong, Yiqing, Feng, Xiuyan, Ma, Jianchao, Chang, Guanxiao, Huang, Jinling, Yang, Yong, Wang, Hongli, Liu, Min, Xu, Yan, Liang, Hongping, Yu, Jin, Cai, Yuqing, Zhang, Zhaowu, Fan, Yannan, Mu, Weixue, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Shuchun, Lang, Xiaoan, Yang, Leilei, Li, Na, Habib, Sadaf, Yang, Yongqiong, Lindstrom, Anders J., Liang, Pei, Goffinet, Bernard, Zaman, Sumaira, Wegrzyn, Jill L., Li, Dexiang, Liu, Jian, Cui, Jie, Sonnenschein, Eva C., Wang, Xiaobo, Ruan, Jue, Xue, Jia-Yu, Shao, Zhu-Qing, Song, Chi, Fan, Guangyi, Li, Zhen, Zhang, Liangsheng, Liu, Jianquan, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Jiao, Yuannian, Wang, Xiao-Quan, Wu, Hong, Wang, Ertao, Lisby, Michael, Yang, Huanming, Wang, Jian, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Nan, Soltis, Pamela S., Van de Peer, Yves, Soltis, Douglas E., Gong, Xun, Liu, Huan, Zhang, Shouzhou, Liu, Yang, Wang, Sibo, Li, Linzhou, Yang, Ting, Dong, Shanshan, Wei, Tong, Wu, Shengdan, Liu, Yongbo, Gong, Yiqing, Feng, Xiuyan, Ma, Jianchao, Chang, Guanxiao, Huang, Jinling, Yang, Yong, Wang, Hongli, Liu, Min, Xu, Yan, Liang, Hongping, Yu, Jin, Cai, Yuqing, Zhang, Zhaowu, Fan, Yannan, Mu, Weixue, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Shuchun, Lang, Xiaoan, Yang, Leilei, Li, Na, Habib, Sadaf, Yang, Yongqiong, Lindstrom, Anders J., Liang, Pei, Goffinet, Bernard, Zaman, Sumaira, Wegrzyn, Jill L., Li, Dexiang, Liu, Jian, Cui, Jie, Sonnenschein, Eva C., Wang, Xiaobo, Ruan, Jue, Xue, Jia-Yu, Shao, Zhu-Qing, Song, Chi, Fan, Guangyi, Li, Zhen, Zhang, Liangsheng, Liu, Jianquan, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Jiao, Yuannian, Wang, Xiao-Quan, Wu, Hong, Wang, Ertao, Lisby, Michael, Yang, Huanming, Wang, Jian, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Nan, Soltis, Pamela S., Van de Peer, Yves, Soltis, Douglas E., Gong, Xun, Liu, Huan, and Zhang, Shouzhou
Abstract: Cycads represent one of the most ancient lineages of living seed plants. Identifying genomic features uniquely shared by cycads and other extant seed plants, but not non-seed-producing plants, may shed light on the origin of key innovations, as well as the early diversification of seed plants. Here, we report the 10.5-Gb reference genome of Cycas panzhihuaensis, complemented by the transcriptomes of 339 cycad species. Nuclear and plastid phylogenomic analyses strongly suggest that cycads and Ginkgo form a clade sister to all other living gymnosperms, in contrast to mitochondrial data, which place cycads alone in this position. We found evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication in the common ancestor of extant gymnosperms. The Cycas genome contains four homologues of the fitD gene family that were likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer from fungi, and these genes confer herbivore resistance in cycads. The male-specific region of the Y chromosome of C. panzhihuaensis contains a MADS-box transcription factor expressed exclusively in male cones that is similar to a system reported in Ginkgo, suggesting that a sex determination mechanism controlled by MADS-box genes may have originated in the common ancestor of cycads and Ginkgo. The C. panzhihuaensis genome provides an important new resource of broad utility for biologists.
Published: 2022

49. Comparative Analyses of 3,654 Plastid Genomes Unravel Insights Into Evolutionary Dynamics and Phylogenetic Discordance of Green Plants

Author: Yang, Ting, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Yang, Lingxiao, Liu, Yang, Mu, Weixue, Liu, Xin, Strube, Mikael Lenz, Liu, Huan, Zhong, Bojian, Yang, Ting, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Yang, Lingxiao, Liu, Yang, Mu, Weixue, Liu, Xin, Strube, Mikael Lenz, Liu, Huan, and Zhong, Bojian
Abstract: The plastid organelle is essential for many vital cellular processes and the growth and development of plants. The availability of a large number of complete plastid genomes could be effectively utilized to understand the evolution of the plastid genomes and phylogenetic relationships among plants. We comprehensively analyzed the plastid genomes of Viridiplantae comprising 3,654 taxa from 298 families and 111 orders and compared the genomic organizations in their plastid genomic DNA among major clades, which include gene gain/loss, gene copy number, GC content, and gene blocks. We discovered that some important genes that exhibit similar functions likely formed gene blocks, such as the psb family presumably showing co-occurrence and forming gene blocks in Viridiplantae. The inverted repeats (IRs) in plastid genomes have doubled in size across land plants, and their GC content is substantially higher than non-IR genes. By employing three different data sets [all nucleotide positions (nt123), only the first and second codon positions (nt12), and amino acids (AA)], our phylogenomic analyses revealed Chlorokybales + Mesostigmatales as the earliest-branching lineage of streptophytes. Hornworts, mosses, and liverworts forming a monophylum were identified as the sister lineage of tracheophytes. Based on nt12 and AA data sets, monocots, Chloranthales and magnoliids are successive sister lineages to the eudicots + Ceratophyllales clade. The comprehensive taxon sampling and analysis of different data sets from plastid genomes recovered well-supported relationships of green plants, thereby contributing to resolving some long-standing uncertainties in the plant phylogeny.
Published: 2022

50. Multiple-antenna Placement Delivery Array for Cache-aided MISO Systems

Author: Yang, Ting, Wan, Kai, Cheng, Minquan, Caire, Giuseppe, Yang, Ting, Wan, Kai, Cheng, Minquan, and Caire, Giuseppe
Abstract: We consider the cache-aided multiple-input single-output (MISO) broadcast channel, which consists of a server with $L$ antennas and $K$ single-antenna users, where the server contains $N$ files of equal length and each user is equipped with a local cache of size $M$ files. Each user requests an arbitrary file from library. The objective is to design a coded caching scheme based on uncoded placement and one-shot linear delivery, to achieve the maximum sum Degree-of-Freedom (sum-DoF) with low subpacketization. It was shown in the literature that under the constraint of uncoded placement and one-shot linear delivery, the optimal sum-DoF is $L+\frac{KM}{N}$. However, previously proposed schemes for this setting incurred either an exponential subpacketization order in $K$, or required specific conditions in the system parameters $L$, $K$, $M$ and $N$. In this paper, we propose a new combinatorial structure called multiple-antenna placement delivery array (MAPDA). Based on MAPDA and Latin square, the first proposed scheme achieves the optimal sum-DoF $L+\frac{KM}{N}$ with the subpacketization of $K$ when $\frac{KM}{N}+L=K$. Subsequently, for the general case we propose a transformation approach to construct an MAPDA from any $g$-regular PDA (a class of PDA where each integer in the array occurs $g$ times) for the original shared-link coded caching problem. When the original PDA corresponds to the Maddah-Ali and Niesen coded caching scheme, the resulting scheme under the combinatorial structure of MAPDA can achieve the optimal sum-DoF $L+\frac{KM}{N}$ with reduced subpacketization with respect to the existing schemes. The work can be extended to the multiple independent single-antenna transmitters (servers) corresponding to the cache-aided interference channel proposed by Naderializadeh et al. and the scenario of transmitters equipped with multiple antennas., Comment: 33 pages
Published: 2022

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