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1. Quantifying functional consequences of habitat degradation on a Caribbean coral reef

Author

Webb, A.E., de Bakker, D.M., Soetaert, K., da Costa, T., van Heuven, S., van Duyl, F.C., Reichart, G.-J., de Nooijer, L.J., Webb, A.E., de Bakker, D.M., Soetaert, K., da Costa, T., van Heuven, S., van Duyl, F.C., Reichart, G.-J., and de Nooijer, L.J.

Abstract

Coral reefs are declining worldwide. The abundance of corals has decreased alongside a rise of filter feeders, turf, and algae in response to intensifying human pressures. This shift in prevalence of functional groups alters the biogeochemical processes in tropical water ecosystems, thereby influencing reef functioning. An urgent challenge is to understand the functional consequences of these shifts to develop suitable management strategies that aim at preserving the biological functions of reefs.Here, we quantify biogeochemical processes supporting key reef functions (i.e. net community calcification (NCC) and production (NCP) and nutrient recycling) in situ for five different benthic assemblages currently dominating shallow degraded Caribbean reef habitats. To this end, a transparent custom-made enclosure was placed over communities dominated by either one of five functional groups – coral, turf and macroalgae, bioeroding sponges, cyanobacterial mats, or sand – to determine chemical fluxes between these communities and the overlying water, during both day and night. To account for the simultaneous influence that distinct biogeochemical processes have on measured variables, the rates were then derived by solving a model consisting of differential equations describing the contribution of each process to the measured chemical fluxes.Inferred rates were low compared to those known for reef flats worldwide. Reduced accretion potential was recorded, with negative or very modest net community calcification rates for all communities. Net production during the day was also low, suggesting limited accumulation of biomass through photosynthesis and remineralisation of organic matter at night was relatively high in comparison, resulting in net heterotrophy over the survey period for most communities. Estimated recycling processes (i.e. nitrification and denitrification) were high but did not fully counterbalance nutrient release from aerobic mineralisation, rendering all subs

Published
2021

2. Quantifying functional consequences of habitat degradation on a Caribbean coral reef

Author

Webb, A.E., de Bakker, D.M., Soetaert, K., da Costa, T., van Heuven, S., van Duyl, F.C., Reichart, G.-J., de Nooijer, L.J., Webb, A.E., de Bakker, D.M., Soetaert, K., da Costa, T., van Heuven, S., van Duyl, F.C., Reichart, G.-J., and de Nooijer, L.J.

Abstract

Coral reefs are declining worldwide. The abundance of corals has decreased alongside a rise of filter feeders, turf, and algae in response to intensifying human pressures. This shift in prevalence of functional groups alters the biogeochemical processes in tropical water ecosystems, thereby influencing reef functioning. An urgent challenge is to understand the functional consequences of these shifts to develop suitable management strategies that aim at preserving the biological functions of reefs.Here, we quantify biogeochemical processes supporting key reef functions (i.e. net community calcification (NCC) and production (NCP) and nutrient recycling) in situ for five different benthic assemblages currently dominating shallow degraded Caribbean reef habitats. To this end, a transparent custom-made enclosure was placed over communities dominated by either one of five functional groups – coral, turf and macroalgae, bioeroding sponges, cyanobacterial mats, or sand – to determine chemical fluxes between these communities and the overlying water, during both day and night. To account for the simultaneous influence that distinct biogeochemical processes have on measured variables, the rates were then derived by solving a model consisting of differential equations describing the contribution of each process to the measured chemical fluxes.Inferred rates were low compared to those known for reef flats worldwide. Reduced accretion potential was recorded, with negative or very modest net community calcification rates for all communities. Net production during the day was also low, suggesting limited accumulation of biomass through photosynthesis and remineralisation of organic matter at night was relatively high in comparison, resulting in net heterotrophy over the survey period for most communities. Estimated recycling processes (i.e. nitrification and denitrification) were high but did not fully counterbalance nutrient release from aerobic mineralisation, rendering all subs

Published
2021

3. GLODAPv2.2020 – the second update of GLODAPv2

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R.M., Tanhua, T., Bittig, H.C., Kozyr, A., Álvarez, M., Azetsu-Scott, K., Becker, S., Brown, P.J., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Landa, C. S., Lauvset, S.K., Michaelis, P., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., Woosley, R. J., Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R.M., Tanhua, T., Bittig, H.C., Kozyr, A., Álvarez, M., Azetsu-Scott, K., Becker, S., Brown, P.J., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Landa, C. S., Lauvset, S.K., Michaelis, P., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., and Woosley, R. J.

Abstract

The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) is a synthesis effort providing regular compilations of surface to bottom ocean biogeochemical data, with an emphasis on seawater inorganic carbon chemistry and related variables determined through chemical analysis of water samples. GLODAPv2.2020 is an update of the previous version, GLODAPv2.2019. The major changes are: data from 106 more cruises added, extension of time coverage until 2019, and the inclusion of available discrete fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) values in the merged product files. GLODAPv2.2020 includes measurements from more than 1.2 million water samples from the global oceans collected on 946 cruises. The data for the 12 GLODAP core variables (salinity, oxygen, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, and CCl4) have undergone extensive quality control, especially systematic evaluation of bias. The data are available in two formats: (i) as submitted by the data originator but updated to WOCE exchange format and (ii) as a merged data product with adjustments applied to minimize bias. These adjustments were derived by comparing the data from the 106 new cruises with the data from the 840 quality-controlled cruises of the GLODAPv2.2019 data product. They correct for errors related to measurement, calibration, and data handling practices, while taking into account any known or likely time trends or variations in the variables evaluated. The compiled and adjusted data product is believed to be consistent to better than 0.005 in salinity, 1 % in oxygen, 2 % in nitrate, 2 % in silicate, 2 % in phosphate, 4 μmol kg−1 in dissolved inorganic carbon, 4 μmol kg−1 in total alkalinity, 0.01–0.02, depending on region, in pH, and 5 % in the halogenated transient tracers. The other variables included in the compilation, such as isotopic tracers and discrete fCO2 were not subjected to bias comparison or adjustments. The original data, their documentation and doi

Published
2020

4. Products from a surface ocean CO2 reference network, SOCONET

Author

Wanninkhof, R., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., Bozec, Y., Cai, W. J., Castle, R. D., Chavez, F. P., Chen, L., Chierici, M., Currie, K., De Baar, H. J. W., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Fransson, A., Gao, Z., Hales, B., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Hoppema, Mario, Huang, W.J., Hunt, C. W., Huss, B., Ichikawa, T., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. M., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefevre, N., Manke, A., Mathis, J. T., Merlivat, L., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Monteiro, P., Newberger, T., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Park, G. H., Paterson, K., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Saito, S., Salisbury, J., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Schlitzer, Reiner, Sieger, Rainer, Skjelvan, I., Steinhoff, T., Sullivan, K. F., Sun, H., Sutton, A.J., Suzuki, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tjiputra, J., Tsurushima, N., Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Vandemark, D., Vlahos, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Watson, A., Pickers, P. A., Olsen, A., Stephens, B.B., Munro, D., Rehder, G., Santana-Casiano, J. M., Müller, J. D., Trianes, J., Tedesco, K., Ishii, M., González-Dávila, M., Suntharalingam, P., Nakaoka, S.-i., Schuster, U., Wanninkhof, R., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., Bozec, Y., Cai, W. J., Castle, R. D., Chavez, F. P., Chen, L., Chierici, M., Currie, K., De Baar, H. J. W., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Fransson, A., Gao, Z., Hales, B., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Hoppema, Mario, Huang, W.J., Hunt, C. W., Huss, B., Ichikawa, T., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. M., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefevre, N., Manke, A., Mathis, J. T., Merlivat, L., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Monteiro, P., Newberger, T., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Park, G. H., Paterson, K., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Saito, S., Salisbury, J., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Schlitzer, Reiner, Sieger, Rainer, Skjelvan, I., Steinhoff, T., Sullivan, K. F., Sun, H., Sutton, A.J., Suzuki, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tjiputra, J., Tsurushima, N., Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Vandemark, D., Vlahos, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Watson, A., Pickers, P. A., Olsen, A., Stephens, B.B., Munro, D., Rehder, G., Santana-Casiano, J. M., Müller, J. D., Trianes, J., Tedesco, K., Ishii, M., González-Dávila, M., Suntharalingam, P., Nakaoka, S.-i., and Schuster, U.

Published
2020

5. A Carbon-budget for the north-west European shelf - limitations and uncertainties

Author

Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sander, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., Marrec, P., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefevre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y. G., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., Nightingale, P. D., Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sander, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., Marrec, P., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefevre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y. G., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., and Nightingale, P. D.

Published
2020

8. Products from a surface ocean CO2 reference network, SOCONET

Author

Wanninkhof, R., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., Bozec, Y., Cai, W. J., Castle, R. D., Chavez, F. P., Chen, L., Chierici, M., Currie, K., De Baar, H. J. W., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Fransson, A., Gao, Z., Hales, B., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Hoppema, Mario, Huang, W.J., Hunt, C. W., Huss, B., Ichikawa, T., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. M., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefevre, N., Manke, A., Mathis, J. T., Merlivat, L., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Monteiro, P., Newberger, T., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Park, G. H., Paterson, K., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Saito, S., Salisbury, J., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Schlitzer, Reiner, Sieger, Rainer, Skjelvan, I., Steinhoff, T., Sullivan, K. F., Sun, H., Sutton, A.J., Suzuki, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tjiputra, J., Tsurushima, N., Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Vandemark, D., Vlahos, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Watson, A., Pickers, P. A., Olsen, A., Stephens, B.B., Munro, D., Rehder, G., Santana-Casiano, J. M., Müller, J. D., Trianes, J., Tedesco, K., Ishii, M., González-Dávila, M., Suntharalingam, P., Nakaoka, S.-i., Schuster, U., Wanninkhof, R., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., Bozec, Y., Cai, W. J., Castle, R. D., Chavez, F. P., Chen, L., Chierici, M., Currie, K., De Baar, H. J. W., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Fransson, A., Gao, Z., Hales, B., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Hoppema, Mario, Huang, W.J., Hunt, C. W., Huss, B., Ichikawa, T., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. M., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefevre, N., Manke, A., Mathis, J. T., Merlivat, L., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Monteiro, P., Newberger, T., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Park, G. H., Paterson, K., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Saito, S., Salisbury, J., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Schlitzer, Reiner, Sieger, Rainer, Skjelvan, I., Steinhoff, T., Sullivan, K. F., Sun, H., Sutton, A.J., Suzuki, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tjiputra, J., Tsurushima, N., Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Vandemark, D., Vlahos, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Watson, A., Pickers, P. A., Olsen, A., Stephens, B.B., Munro, D., Rehder, G., Santana-Casiano, J. M., Müller, J. D., Trianes, J., Tedesco, K., Ishii, M., González-Dávila, M., Suntharalingam, P., Nakaoka, S.-i., and Schuster, U.

Published
2020

9. A Carbon-budget for the north-west European shelf - limitations and uncertainties

Author

Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sander, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., Marrec, P., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefevre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y. G., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., Nightingale, P. D., Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sander, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., Marrec, P., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefevre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y. G., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., and Nightingale, P. D.

Published
2020

12. Constraining the oceanic uptake and fluxes of greenhouse gases by building an ocean network of certified stations: the ocean component of the Integrated Carbon Observation System, ICOS-Oceans

Author

Steinhoff, T., Gkritzalis, T., Lauvset, S.K., Jones, S., Schuster, U., Olsen, A., Becker, M., Bozzano, R., Brunetti, F., Cantoni, C., Cardin, V., Diverrès, D., Fiedler, B., Fransson, A., Giani, M., Hartman, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jeansson, E., Johannessen, T., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landa, C., Lefèvre, N., Luchetta, A., Naudts, L., Nightingale, P.D., Omar, A., Pensieri, S., Pfeil, B., Castaño-Primo, R., Rehder, G., Rutgersson, A., Sanders, R., Schewe, Ingo, Siena, G., Skjelvan, I., Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Watson, A., Steinhoff, T., Gkritzalis, T., Lauvset, S.K., Jones, S., Schuster, U., Olsen, A., Becker, M., Bozzano, R., Brunetti, F., Cantoni, C., Cardin, V., Diverrès, D., Fiedler, B., Fransson, A., Giani, M., Hartman, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jeansson, E., Johannessen, T., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landa, C., Lefèvre, N., Luchetta, A., Naudts, L., Nightingale, P.D., Omar, A., Pensieri, S., Pfeil, B., Castaño-Primo, R., Rehder, G., Rutgersson, A., Sanders, R., Schewe, Ingo, Siena, G., Skjelvan, I., Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., and Watson, A.

Published
2019

14. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: An improved multi-year estimate of the air-sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll-a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., and van Heuven, S.

Published
2019

15. GLODAPv2.2019 – an update of GLODAPv2

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

16. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 from 1994 to 2007 - the data (NCEI Accession 0186034), NDP-100 Version 1.1. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R.M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R.M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

17. Winter weather controls net influx of atmospheric CO2 on the north-west European shelf

Author

Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sanders, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S.K., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefrèvre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., Nightingale, P. D., Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sanders, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S.K., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefrèvre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., and Nightingale, P. D.

Published
2019

18. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 from 1994 to 2007

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

19. Constraining the oceanic uptake and fluxes of greenhouse gases by building an ocean network of certified stations: the ocean component of the Integrated Carbon Observation System, ICOS-Oceans

Author

Steinhoff, T., Gkritzalis, T., Lauvset, S.K., Jones, S., Schuster, U., Olsen, A., Becker, M., Bozzano, R., Brunetti, F., Cantoni, C., Cardin, V., Diverrès, D., Fiedler, B., Fransson, A., Giani, M., Hartman, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jeansson, E., Johannessen, T., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landa, C., Lefèvre, N., Luchetta, A., Naudts, L., Nightingale, P.D., Omar, A., Pensieri, S., Pfeil, B., Castaño-Primo, R., Rehder, G., Rutgersson, A., Sanders, R., Schewe, Ingo, Siena, G., Skjelvan, I., Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Watson, A., Steinhoff, T., Gkritzalis, T., Lauvset, S.K., Jones, S., Schuster, U., Olsen, A., Becker, M., Bozzano, R., Brunetti, F., Cantoni, C., Cardin, V., Diverrès, D., Fiedler, B., Fransson, A., Giani, M., Hartman, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jeansson, E., Johannessen, T., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landa, C., Lefèvre, N., Luchetta, A., Naudts, L., Nightingale, P.D., Omar, A., Pensieri, S., Pfeil, B., Castaño-Primo, R., Rehder, G., Rutgersson, A., Sanders, R., Schewe, Ingo, Siena, G., Skjelvan, I., Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., and Watson, A.

Published
2019

21. GLODAPv2.2019 – an update of GLODAPv2

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

22. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: An improved multi-year estimate of the air-sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll-a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., and van Heuven, S.

Published
2019

23. Winter weather controls net influx of atmospheric CO2 on the north-west European shelf

Author

Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sanders, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S.K., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefrèvre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., Nightingale, P. D., Kitidis, V., Shutler, J. D., Ashton, I., Warren, M., Brown, I., Findlay, H., Hartman, S.E., Sanders, R., Humphreys, M., Kivimäe, C., Greenwood, N., Hull, T., Pearce, D., McGrath, T., Stewart, B.M., Walsham, P., McGovern, E., Bozec, Y., Gac, J.-P., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Schuster, U., Johannessen, T., Omar, A., Lauvset, S.K., Skjelvan, I., Olsen, A., Steinhoff, T., Körtzinger, A., Becker, M., Lefrèvre, N., Diverrès, D., Gkritzalis, T., Catrijsse, A., Petersen, W., Voynova, Y., Chapron, B., Grouazel, A., Land, P.E., Sharples, J., and Nightingale, P. D.

Published
2019

24. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 from 1994 to 2007 - the data (NCEI Accession 0186034), NDP-100 Version 1.1. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R.M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R.M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

25. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 from 1994 to 2007

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C.L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

26. Variability of nutrients and carbon dioxide in the Antarctic Intermediate Water between 1990 and 2014

Author

Panassa, Essowe, Santana-Casiano, J. M., González Dávila, Melchor, Hoppema, Mario, Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Völker, Christoph, Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter, Hauck, Judith, Panassa, Essowe, Santana-Casiano, J. M., González Dávila, Melchor, Hoppema, Mario, Van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Völker, Christoph, Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter, and Hauck, Judith

Abstract

Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) formation constitutes an important mechanism for the export of macronutrients out of the Southern Ocean that fuels primary production in low latitudes. We used quality-controlled gridded data from five hydrographic cruises between 1990 and 2014 to examine decadal variability in nutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the AAIW (neutral density range 27 < γ n < 27.4) along the Prime Meridian. Significant positive trends were found in DIC (0.70 ± 0.4 μmol kg− 1 year− 1) and nitrate (0.08 ± 0.06 μ mol kg− 1 year− 1) along with decreasing trends in temperature (− 0.015 ± 0.01∘C year− 1) and salinity (− 0.003 ± 0.002 year− 1) in the AAIW. Accompanying this is an increase in apparent oxygen utilization (AOU, 0.16 ± 0.07 μ mol kg− 1 year− 1). We estimated that 75% of the DIC change has an anthropogenic origin. The remainder of the trends support a scenario of a strengthening of the upper-ocean overturning circulation in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in response to the positive trend in the Southern Annular Mode. A decrease in net primary productivity (more nutrients unutilized) in the source waters of the AAIW could have contributed as well but cannot fully explain all observed changes.

Published
2018

27. New observational constraints on the global ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2018

28. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: an improved multiyear estimate of the air–sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Mathis, J.T., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., and Mathis, J.T.

Published
2018

29. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: an improved multi-year estimate of the air-sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll-a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Mathis, J.T., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., and Mathis, J.T.

Published
2018

30. New observational constraints on the global ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2018

31. New observational constraints on the global ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2

Author

Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., Wanninkhof, R., Gruber, N., Clement, D., Carter, B.R., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Key, R. M., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Mathis, J.T., Murata, A., Olsen, A., Perez, F. F., Sabine, C. L., Tanhua, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2018

32. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: an improved multiyear estimate of the air–sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Mathis, J.T., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., and Mathis, J.T.

Published
2018

33. Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake: an improved multi-year estimate of the air-sea CO2 flux incorporating chlorophyll-a concentrations

Author

Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., Mathis, J.T., Yasunaka, S., Siswanto, E., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Watanabe, E., Fransson, A., Chierici, M., Murata, A., Lauvset, S.K., Wanninkhof, R., Takahashi, T., Kosugi, N., Omar, A.M., van Heuven, S., and Mathis, J.T.

Published
2018

34. Mesoscale features create hotspots of carbon uptake in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Author

Jones, E.M., Hoppema, M., Strass, V., Hauck, J., Salt, L., Ossebaar, S., Klaas, C., van Heuven, S., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Stöven, T., de Baar, H.J.W., Jones, E.M., Hoppema, M., Strass, V., Hauck, J., Salt, L., Ossebaar, S., Klaas, C., van Heuven, S., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Stöven, T., and de Baar, H.J.W.

Abstract

The influence of eddy structures on the seasonal depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) disequilibrium was investigated during a trans-Atlantic crossing of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in austral summer 2012. The Georgia Basin, downstream of the island of South Georgia (54-55°S, 36-38°W) is a highly dynamic region due to the mesoscale activity associated with the flow of the Subantarctic Front (SAF) and Polar Front (PF). Satellite sea-surface height and chlorophyll-a anomalies revealed a cyclonic cold core that dominated the northern Georgia Basin that was formed from a large meander of the PF. Warmer waters influenced by the SAF formed a smaller anticyclonic structure to the east of the basin. Both the cold core and warm core eddy structures were hotspots of carbon uptake relative to the rest of the ACC section during austral summer. This was most amplified in the cold core where greatest CO2 undersaturation (-78 µatm) and substantial surface ocean DIC deficit (5.1 mol m-2) occurred. In the presence of high wind speeds, the cold core eddy acted as a strong sink for atmospheric CO2 of 25.5 mmol m-2 day-1. Waters of the warm core displayed characteristics of the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ), with warmer upper ocean waters and enhanced CO2 undersaturation (-59 µatm) and depletion of DIC (4.9mol m-2). A proposed mechanism for the enhanced carbon uptake across both eddy structures is based on the Ekman eddy pumping theory: (i) the cold core is seeded with productive (high chlorophyll-a) waters from the Antarctic Zone and sustained biological productivity through upwelled nutrient supply that counteracts DIC inputs from deep waters; (ii) horizontal entrainment of low-DIC surface waters (biological uptake) from the PFZ downwell within the warm core and cause relative DIC-depletion in the upper water column. The observations suggest that the formation and northward propagation of cold core eddies in the region of the PF could project

Published
2017

35. Die AWI-Stationen in ICOS-D Ozean

Author

Hoppema, Mario, Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Lochthofen, Normen, Wulff, Thorben, Hoppema, Mario, Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Lochthofen, Normen, and Wulff, Thorben

Published
2017

37. Annual and monthly climatologies of seawater CO2 chemistry variables: A neural network approach

Author

Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

38. Global trends in ocean Dissolved Inorganic Carbon

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

41. Global trends in ocean Dissolved Inorganic Carbon

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

42. Annual and monthly climatologies of seawater CO2 chemistry variables: A neural network approach

Author

Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

43. Die AWI-Stationen in ICOS-D Ozean

Author

Hoppema, Mario, Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Lochthofen, Normen, Wulff, Thorben, Hoppema, Mario, Soltwedel, Thomas, van Heuven, S., Lochthofen, Normen, and Wulff, Thorben

Published
2017

45. Mesoscale features create hotspots of carbon uptake in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Author

Jones, E.M., Hoppema, M., Strass, V., Hauck, J., Salt, L., Ossebaar, S., Klaas, C., van Heuven, S., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Stöven, T., de Baar, H.J.W., Jones, E.M., Hoppema, M., Strass, V., Hauck, J., Salt, L., Ossebaar, S., Klaas, C., van Heuven, S., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Stöven, T., and de Baar, H.J.W.

Abstract

The influence of eddy structures on the seasonal depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) disequilibrium was investigated during a trans-Atlantic crossing of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in austral summer 2012. The Georgia Basin, downstream of the island of South Georgia (54-55°S, 36-38°W) is a highly dynamic region due to the mesoscale activity associated with the flow of the Subantarctic Front (SAF) and Polar Front (PF). Satellite sea-surface height and chlorophyll-a anomalies revealed a cyclonic cold core that dominated the northern Georgia Basin that was formed from a large meander of the PF. Warmer waters influenced by the SAF formed a smaller anticyclonic structure to the east of the basin. Both the cold core and warm core eddy structures were hotspots of carbon uptake relative to the rest of the ACC section during austral summer. This was most amplified in the cold core where greatest CO2 undersaturation (-78 µatm) and substantial surface ocean DIC deficit (5.1 mol m-2) occurred. In the presence of high wind speeds, the cold core eddy acted as a strong sink for atmospheric CO2 of 25.5 mmol m-2 day-1. Waters of the warm core displayed characteristics of the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ), with warmer upper ocean waters and enhanced CO2 undersaturation (-59 µatm) and depletion of DIC (4.9mol m-2). A proposed mechanism for the enhanced carbon uptake across both eddy structures is based on the Ekman eddy pumping theory: (i) the cold core is seeded with productive (high chlorophyll-a) waters from the Antarctic Zone and sustained biological productivity through upwelled nutrient supply that counteracts DIC inputs from deep waters; (ii) horizontal entrainment of low-DIC surface waters (biological uptake) from the PFZ downwell within the warm core and cause relative DIC-depletion in the upper water column. The observations suggest that the formation and northward propagation of cold core eddies in the region of the PF could project

Published
2017

46. The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) — an internally consistent data product for the world ocean

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2016

47. A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° × 1° GLODAP version 2

Author

Lauvset, S.K., Key, R.M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F.F., Suzuki, T., Watelet, S., Lauvset, S.K., Key, R.M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F.F., Suzuki, T., and Watelet, S.

Abstract

We present a mapped climatology (GLODAPv2.2016b) of ocean biogeochemical variables based on the new GLODAP version 2 data product (Olsen et al., 2016; Key et al., 2015), which covers all ocean basins over the years 1972 to 2013. The quality-controlled and internally consistent GLODAPv2 was used to create global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies of salinity, temperature, oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), total alkalinity (TAlk), pH, and CaCO3 saturation states using the Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis (DIVA) mapping method. Improving on maps based on an earlier but similar dataset, GLODAPv1.1, this climatology also covers the Arctic Ocean. Climatologies were created for 33 standard depth surfaces. The conceivably confounding temporal trends in TCO2 and pH due to anthropogenic influence were removed prior to mapping by normalizing these data to the year 2002 using first-order calculations of anthropogenic carbon accumulation rates. We additionally provide maps of accumulated anthropogenic carbon in the year 2002 and of preindustrial TCO2. For all parameters, all data from the full 1972–2013 period were used, including data that did not receive full secondary quality control. The GLODAPv2.2016b global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies, including error fields and ancillary information, are available at the GLODAPv2 web page at the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC;doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.NDP093_GLODAPv2).

Published
2016

49. Mapping of the air-sea CO2 flux in the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas: Basin-wide distribution and seasonal to interannual variability

Author

Yasunaka, S., Murata, A., Watanabe, E., Chierici, M., Fransson, A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, M., Ishii, M., Johannessen, T., Kosugi, N., Lauvset, S.K., Mathis, J.T., Nishino, S., Omar, A.M., Olsen, A., Sasano, D., Takahashi, T., Wanninkhof, R., Yasunaka, S., Murata, A., Watanabe, E., Chierici, M., Fransson, A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, M., Ishii, M., Johannessen, T., Kosugi, N., Lauvset, S.K., Mathis, J.T., Nishino, S., Omar, A.M., Olsen, A., Sasano, D., Takahashi, T., and Wanninkhof, R.

Abstract

We produced 204 monthly maps of the air–sea CO2 flux in the Arctic north of 60°N, including the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas, from January 1997 to December 2013 by using a self-organizing map technique. The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in surface water data were obtained by shipboard underway measurements or calculated from alkalinity and total inorganic carbon of surface water samples. Subsequently, we investigated the basin-wide distribution and seasonal to interannual variability of the CO2 fluxes. The 17-year annual mean CO2 flux shows that all areas of the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas were net CO2 sinks. The estimated annual CO2 uptake by the Arctic Ocean was 180 TgC yr−1. The CO2 influx was strongest in winter in the Greenland/Norwegian Seas (>15 mmol m−2 day−1) and the Barents Sea (>12 mmol m−2 day−1) because of strong winds, and strongest in summer in the Chukchi Sea (∼10 mmol m−2 day−1) because of the sea-ice retreat. In recent years, the CO2 uptake has increased in the Greenland/Norwegian Sea and decreased in the southern Barent

Published
2016

50. A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° x 1° GLODAP version 2

Author

Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Watelet, S., Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., and Watelet, S.

Published
2016

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