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In recent years, many cities in Germany have reevaluated the role of urban gardening projects in the context of broader concerns with the sustainability of food systems. Using the example of three different urban gardening projects in Munich we take a look at obstacles, resistances and conflicts that urban gardening encounters when moving into open public spaces. Our inquiry seeks to address the following questions: What challenges do urban gardening projects face? Can they be integrated into open urban spaces? And, if so, what challenges do these projects pose to design ideals of urban public space? Gardening contradicts current norms and imaginaries of what constitutes a “good” public space, which is supposed to be designed for (human) comfort. We suggest that comfort in public spaces must be re-imagined as the outcome of active engagement in the production and maintenance of urban gardens and should include the production of a comfortable space for non-human urban inhabitants. We conclude that urban gardening promotes a careful and caring use of public space., Peer Reviewed

Growing cities, changing traditions, and an evolving ecological consciousness have shifted the way we view urban cemeteries. This thesis (by publication) examines cemeteries as spaces with multiple constituencies and uses: places for mourning, representations of cities in miniature, expressions of idealised nature, and open-air archives that catalogue the names of the dead and inscribe them onto the landscape. Through historical and interview-based methods, it illuminates the relationship between Australian cemeteries and surrounding communities, particularly in the ways cemetery ‘reactivation’ intersects with larger processes of urban transformation and conventions of design and aesthetic judgement. Through an examination of the spatial and cultural shaping of Australian cemeteries, this thesis documents how these sites fit into larger infrastructural systems of deathcare and urban greenspaces, and how they are mediated by different political and social forces. The aim is to understand cemeteries’ role as civic spaces, and their embodied meaning for disparate user groups. Also of interest are the communicative tools used by cemetery volunteers and managers to considerately reshape cemetery environments. In the context of contemporary challenges—such as the rise of cremation and the densification of inner suburbs—this research emphasises the evolving nature of cemetery management and care. The assembled papers explore the shifting cultural imaginaries that shape cemeteries: as places for the interment of bodies but also as archives, infrastructure, and park-adjacent multi-use spaces.

Through the re-programming of an old parking garage and disused central water heating facility in Kärrtorp, a southern suburb in Stockholm, Sweden. Långe Jan is a spatial design concept for a new type of indoor allotment garden, a space to socialize, eat, learn, experiment and develop conventional and hopefully unconventional types of indoor gardening. A place to connect people and spread wider knowledge about gardening and food production. The concept is rooted in the historical context of allotment gardens, which have transformed from their 19th-century origins to meet modern needs for local food production and social interaction. Långe Jan transforms the building’s existing structure into a contemporary community hub, promoting social gatherings, sustainability and self-sufficiency. The design process includes background research, a search for the hearth, investigations to understand the building and the area around it, the reprogramming of the house, a design proposal, documentation of the final exhibition and conclusions of the project. The reprogrammed building features different floors dedicated to semi-public conservatories, professional farming areas, a restaurant and social spaces. Each floor combines conservation, demolition, and new additions according to its function. I have produced this architectural proposal with a social and ecological foundation that hopefully can be used to develop the site, the city, and in the best of worlds somebody's life for the better in the future.

Today cities are consuming 75% of the world’s resources, which puts significant pressure on areas far from the cities themselves (Stockholm Resilience Center 2022). Food is among the largest drivers of global environmental change contributing to climate change, biodiversity loss, freshwater use, interference with the global nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and land-system change (C40 2024). This thesis describes a proposal for collecting and distributing rain- and stormwater within the context of urban farming and gardening. It explores how design can be a part of creating and promoting self-sufficient cities that are less resource intensive than they are today. Through the lens of Transition Design the proposal are aiming for a positive, system level change and a transition toward desirable long term futures. It can be divided in three sections, The Urban Farmer, The Vessel and The Wooden Aqueducts. The Urban Farmers would live in apartments throughout the city, forming a network of colleagues. The people in the neighborhood would get more understanding of the work that their local farmers do, and they would get more aware of where their food comes from. The vessel collects rain and stormwater and then distributes it when needed. It could act as an object not only for the use of water, but also as a way of sparking discussion, and just as it directs water to the trees, it just as well directs our minds and our attention towards them. The Wooden Aqueducts, inspired by the old craft, could potentially be created as a community practice to engage residents in the surrounding area. When the aqueducts are no longer needed they can remain at the site and be allowed to molder to make the cycles of organic matter visible and to challenge what is considered to be a well managed area. The Urban Farmer, The Vessel and The Wooden Aqueducts are all means to a future vision through a combination of short term, long term, small and big solutions and suggestions.

Over the past 15 years, there has been an increased interest in urban gardening. Queues for getting a gardening spot have grown, as many urban citizens seek a spot to cultivate vegetables, and studies have stressed how urban gardens can be one ingredient in creating more sustainable cities. Following the work of urban theorists Henry Lefebvre and Edward Soja, this study explores urban gardens as thirdspaces. Interviewing allotment gardeners and community gardeners in small Swedish cities, we explore allotments as ‘lived places’, where experiences, meanings and a sense of place are developed. Thirdspace suggests us to think beyond binary constructions of space and analysing narratives of urban gardening through that lens shows that allotment spots can be understood as places where certain dualisms have, if not a transgressed, at least a more flexible and expansive logic. The result illuminates how allotment gardens are a kind of nature-human crossing point and a practice connecting city residents with countryside life and non-landowners with the land.

Today cities are consuming 75% of the world’s resources, which puts significant pressure on areas far from the cities themselves (Stockholm Resilience Center 2022). Food is among the largest drivers of global environmental change contributing to climate change, biodiversity loss, freshwater use, interference with the global nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and land-system change (C40 2024). This thesis describes a proposal for collecting and distributing rain- and stormwater within the context of urban farming and gardening. It explores how design can be a part of creating and promoting self-sufficient cities that are less resource intensive than they are today. Through the lens of Transition Design the proposal are aiming for a positive, system level change and a transition toward desirable long term futures. It can be divided in three sections, The Urban Farmer, The Vessel and The Wooden Aqueducts. The Urban Farmers would live in apartments throughout the city, forming a network of colleagues. The people in the neighborhood would get more understanding of the work that their local farmers do, and they would get more aware of where their food comes from. The vessel collects rain and stormwater and then distributes it when needed. It could act as an object not only for the use of water, but also as a way of sparking discussion, and just as it directs water to the trees, it just as well directs our minds and our attention towards them. The Wooden Aqueducts, inspired by the old craft, could potentially be created as a community practice to engage residents in the surrounding area. When the aqueducts are no longer needed they can remain at the site and be allowed to molder to make the cycles of organic matter visible and to challenge what is considered to be a well managed area. The Urban Farmer, The Vessel and The Wooden Aqueducts are all means to a future vision through a combination of short term, long term, small and big solutions and suggestions.

Producción Científica, Climate change is impacting the ecological, social and technological aspects of urban gardens. Gardens experience threats (e.g., water scarcity) but are also responding through adaptation strategies (e.g., selecting drought-resilient plants). A synthetic overview of how urban gardens are affected by climate change and responding to climate change is unclear. Here, we systematically reviewed articles and book chapters published in the last two decades (2000–2022) to illustrate the relationship between climate change and urban gardening. From 72 documents analyzed with Nvivo Software, we found that there has been an increase in academic publications. Universities from the US (14) and Germany (9) universities are the dominant producers. Evidence shows that climate change can have negative impacts on cities, people and urban food. Suggestions on how to build the adaptation capacity of urban gardens include collecting rainwater, changing plant selection, changing planting times, applying vegetative cover on the soil and other practices. For cities, community and allotment gardens are helpful for adaptation, mitigation and resilience. This includes the capacity to regulate the microclimate, to reduce urban heat island effects and to buffer urban floods, the power to capture carbon, the ability to create social networks and other socio-environmental benefits for urban climate planning., Union Europea - (FUSILLI project H2020-FNR-2020-1/CE-FNR-07-2020)

A common, yet poorly evaluated, advice to remove contaminants from urban vegetables is to wash the produce before consumption. This study is based on 63 samples of chard, kale, lettuce and parsley that have grown near a heavily trafficked road in the third largest city in Sweden, with one portion of each sample being analysed without first being washed, and the other portion being subjected to common household washing. Concentrations of 71 elements were analysed by ICP-SFMS after a sample digestion that dissolves both the plant tissues and all potentially adhering particles. The results show that the washing effect, or the fraction removed upon washing, varies significantly between elements: from approximately 0 % for K to 68 % for the ∑REEs. Considering traditional metal contaminants, the efficiency decreased from Pb (on average 56 % lost) to Co (56 %) > Cr (55 %) > As (45 %) > Sb (35 %) > Ni (33 %) > Cu (13 %) > Zn (7 %) > Cd (7 %), and Ba (5 %). A clear negative correlation between the washing effect and the different elements' bioconcentration factors shows that the elements' accessibility for plant uptake is a key controlling factor for the degree to which they are removed upon washing. Based on the average washing efficiencies seen in this study, the average daily intake of Pb would increase by 130 % if vegetables are not washed prior to consumption. For the other contaminant metals this increase corresponds to 126 % (Co), 121 % (Cr), 82 % (As), 55 % (Sb), 50 % (Ni), 16 % (Cu), 8 % (Zn), 7 % (Cd) and 5 % (Ba). The advice to wash vegetables is therefore, for many elements, highly motivated for reducing exposure and health risks. For elements which are only slightly reduced when the vegetables are washed, however, advising should rather focus on reducing levels of contamination in the soil itself., Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-01-04 (joosat);Funder: ALS Scandinavia AB;Licens fulltext: CC BY License

A common, yet poorly evaluated, advice to remove contaminants from urban vegetables is to wash the produce before consumption. This study is based on 63 samples of chard, kale, lettuce and parsley that have grown near a heavily trafficked road in the third largest city in Sweden, with one portion of each sample being analysed without first being washed, and the other portion being subjected to common household washing. Concentrations of 71 elements were analysed by ICP-SFMS after a sample digestion that dissolves both the plant tissues and all potentially adhering particles. The results show that the washing effect, or the fraction removed upon washing, varies significantly between elements: from approximately 0 % for K to 68 % for the ∑REEs. Considering traditional metal contaminants, the efficiency decreased from Pb (on average 56 % lost) to Co (56 %) > Cr (55 %) > As (45 %) > Sb (35 %) > Ni (33 %) > Cu (13 %) > Zn (7 %) > Cd (7 %), and Ba (5 %). A clear negative correlation between the washing effect and the different elements' bioconcentration factors shows that the elements' accessibility for plant uptake is a key controlling factor for the degree to which they are removed upon washing. Based on the average washing efficiencies seen in this study, the average daily intake of Pb would increase by 130 % if vegetables are not washed prior to consumption. For the other contaminant metals this increase corresponds to 126 % (Co), 121 % (Cr), 82 % (As), 55 % (Sb), 50 % (Ni), 16 % (Cu), 8 % (Zn), 7 % (Cd) and 5 % (Ba). The advice to wash vegetables is therefore, for many elements, highly motivated for reducing exposure and health risks. For elements which are only slightly reduced when the vegetables are washed, however, advising should rather focus on reducing levels of contamination in the soil itself., Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-01-04 (joosat);Funder: ALS Scandinavia AB;Licens fulltext: CC BY License

Commoning as a mechanism for transforming agency and subjectivities is relevant in a contemporary urban context structured by neoliberal capitalist relations that work to alienate people, suppress agency and enclose spaces. Despite wide agreement that commoning practices mediate subject formation and agential change, little has been written on the epistemological and ontological grounds for understanding how commoning practices achieve this. Grounded in the social realist theory put forward by Archer (2000), which suggests understanding transformations linked to agency and subjectivity as outcomes of the dialectical relation between agency and structure, mediated by practice in space and over time, this paper analyses the burgeoning practice of urban gardening in common in the City of Stockholm, Sweden, with respect to its potential to transform agency and subjectivity. I find that (i) conditioned by structural context, gardeners assume a variety of (contradictory) subjectivities (the commoner, the white encloser, the unpaid public manager and hobby gardener), and (ii) that through the collective nature of the gardens, roles are created and a corporate agency emerges, which (iii) allows some gardeners to become social actors whereby they can live out their personal identities and change the structural context for others., QC 20230424

Producción Científica, Climate change is impacting the ecological, social and technological aspects of urban gardens. Gardens experience threats (e.g., water scarcity) but are also responding through adaptation strategies (e.g., selecting drought-resilient plants). A synthetic overview of how urban gardens are affected by climate change and responding to climate change is unclear. Here, we systematically reviewed articles and book chapters published in the last two decades (2000–2022) to illustrate the relationship between climate change and urban gardening. From 72 documents analyzed with Nvivo Software, we found that there has been an increase in academic publications. Universities from the US (14) and Germany (9) universities are the dominant producers. Evidence shows that climate change can have negative impacts on cities, people and urban food. Suggestions on how to build the adaptation capacity of urban gardens include collecting rainwater, changing plant selection, changing planting times, applying vegetative cover on the soil and other practices. For cities, community and allotment gardens are helpful for adaptation, mitigation and resilience. This includes the capacity to regulate the microclimate, to reduce urban heat island effects and to buffer urban floods, the power to capture carbon, the ability to create social networks and other socio-environmental benefits for urban climate planning., Union Europea - (FUSILLI project H2020-FNR-2020-1/CE-FNR-07-2020)

In cities around the world, urban gardening is increasingly used as a municipal strategy to tackle both environmental and social risks. In this study we draw on critical and intersectional studies of risk to analyse municipalities’ framing of urban gardening as a way to illuminate how it is entangled with contemporary structures of power. The material consists of strategy documents and information on the municipalities’ websites, and the texts were analysed using critical discourse analysis, which enabled us to integrate a sociocultural, an intersectional and an ecopolitical theoretical approach to risk. We identified two discourses: an eco(no)logical risk discourse where ecological risks were addressed within a capitalist market logic, and a social risk discourse, where focus was on gardening as work training and integration. We found that within these discourses, several gardening subjects appeared, and these could be positioned as either capable of solving and/or mitigating risks, or as at risk and in need of intervention. The results show how the top-down initiating of urban gardens display contemporary inequalities in urban spaces, which are crucial to identify in order to create city spaces that are safe, inclusive and enjoyable for all citizens.

A common, yet poorly evaluated, advice to remove contaminants from urban vegetables is to wash the produce before consumption. This study is based on 63 samples of chard, kale, lettuce and parsley that have grown near a heavily traf-ficked road in the third largest city in Sweden, with one portion of each sample being analysed without first being washed, and the other portion being subjected to common household washing. Concentrations of 71 elements were analysed by ICP-SFMS after a sample digestion that dissolves both the plant tissues and all potentially adhering parti-cles. The results show that the washing effect, or the fraction removed upon washing, varies significantly between el-ements: from approximately 0 % for K to 68 % for the n-ary sumation REEs. Considering traditional metal contaminants, the efficiency decreased from Pb (on average 56 % lost) to Co (56 %) > Cr (55 %) > As (45 %) > Sb (35 %) > Ni (33 %) > Cu (13 %) > Zn (7 %) > Cd (7 %), and Ba (5 %). A clear negative correlation between the washing effect and the different elements' bioconcentration factors shows that the elements' accessibility for plant uptake is a key control-ling factor for the degree to which they are removed upon washing. Based on the average washing efficiencies seen in this study, the average daily intake of Pb would increase by 130 % if vegetables are not washed prior to consumption. For the other contaminant metals this increase corresponds to 126 % (Co), 121 % (Cr), 82 % (As), 55 % (Sb), 50 % (Ni), 16 % (Cu), 8 % (Zn), 7 % (Cd) and 5 % (Ba). The advice to wash vegetables is therefore, for many elements, highly motivated for reducing exposure and health risks. For elements which are only slightly reduced when the vegetables are washed, however, advising should rather focus on reducing levels of contamination in the soil itself.

[ES] Se desea crear un jardín en la calle Albaida nº39 de Torrent en un solar con una superficie de 6.697m2. Se pretende dotar a esta parte del municipio de un nuevo espacio verde dándole un valor añadido complejo de cuantificar, ya que aporta aspectos positivos a la sociedad que habita tanto en la zona como en la ciudad. Los jardines ayudan a combatir la contaminación, lo cual es un aspecto importante desde un punto de vista sanitario y político debido a los objetivos de la Unión Europea. Además, reducen la contaminación acústica ofreciendo un ecosistema urbano. Al mismo tiempo, desde un punto de vista social son positivos al fomentar la creatividad y reducir el estrés. Por la misma parte, fomenta que los ciudadanos salgan a la calle para realizar tanto actividades físicas como vida social. El jardín dispondrá de varios accesos en las dos calles con las que limita. En cuanto al material vegetal, se buscan plantas que reduzcan los costes de mantenimiento como son la poda y el riego. Unos ejemplos de estos son: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua o Acer palmatum. Si bien, dispondrá de un sistema de riego para garantizar el buen desarrollo de las diferentes especies que se encuentran en el jardín. Para tener buena visibilidad cuando no se disponga de iluminación natural, el jardín hará uso de un sistema propio de iluminación artificial, siendo este el único elemento que necesita alimentación eléctrica. Finalmente, el jardín será accesible con mobiliario adaptado, permitiendo el disfrute de toda la población independientemente de su nivel de movilidad., [EN] The aim is to create a garden at 39 Albaida street in Torrent on a plot of land with a surface area of 6.697m2. The aim is to give a new green space to this part of the municipality, giving it added value, with the idea that gardens and other plant elements in a city provide an added value that is difficult to quantify, as they contribute positive aspects to the society that lives in each of the cities. Gardens help to combat pollution, which is an important aspect from a health and political point of view due to the objectives of the European Union. They also reduce noise pollution by providing an urban ecosystem. From a social point of view, they are positive in that they encourage creativity and reduce stress, as well as encouraging people to get out on the streets for physical activity and socializing. It will have several accesses on the two streets it borders. In terms of plant material, plants are sought that reduce maintenance costs such as pruning and watering. Some examples of these are: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua or Acer palmatum. However, you will have an irrigation system to guarantee a good development of the different species found in the garden. In order to have good visibility when there is no natural lighting, the garden will have its own artificial lighting system, which will be the only element that requires electricity. The garden will also be accessible with adapted furniture that allows the enjoyment of the entire population regardless of their level of mobility.

[ES] Se desea crear un jardín en la calle Albaida nº39 de Torrent en un solar con una superficie de 6.697m2. Se pretende dotar a esta parte del municipio de un nuevo espacio verde dándole un valor añadido complejo de cuantificar, ya que aporta aspectos positivos a la sociedad que habita tanto en la zona como en la ciudad. Los jardines ayudan a combatir la contaminación, lo cual es un aspecto importante desde un punto de vista sanitario y político debido a los objetivos de la Unión Europea. Además, reducen la contaminación acústica ofreciendo un ecosistema urbano. Al mismo tiempo, desde un punto de vista social son positivos al fomentar la creatividad y reducir el estrés. Por la misma parte, fomenta que los ciudadanos salgan a la calle para realizar tanto actividades físicas como vida social. El jardín dispondrá de varios accesos en las dos calles con las que limita. En cuanto al material vegetal, se buscan plantas que reduzcan los costes de mantenimiento como son la poda y el riego. Unos ejemplos de estos son: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua o Acer palmatum. Si bien, dispondrá de un sistema de riego para garantizar el buen desarrollo de las diferentes especies que se encuentran en el jardín. Para tener buena visibilidad cuando no se disponga de iluminación natural, el jardín hará uso de un sistema propio de iluminación artificial, siendo este el único elemento que necesita alimentación eléctrica. Finalmente, el jardín será accesible con mobiliario adaptado, permitiendo el disfrute de toda la población independientemente de su nivel de movilidad., [EN] The aim is to create a garden at 39 Albaida street in Torrent on a plot of land with a surface area of 6.697m2. The aim is to give a new green space to this part of the municipality, giving it added value, with the idea that gardens and other plant elements in a city provide an added value that is difficult to quantify, as they contribute positive aspects to the society that lives in each of the cities. Gardens help to combat pollution, which is an important aspect from a health and political point of view due to the objectives of the European Union. They also reduce noise pollution by providing an urban ecosystem. From a social point of view, they are positive in that they encourage creativity and reduce stress, as well as encouraging people to get out on the streets for physical activity and socializing. It will have several accesses on the two streets it borders. In terms of plant material, plants are sought that reduce maintenance costs such as pruning and watering. Some examples of these are: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua or Acer palmatum. However, you will have an irrigation system to guarantee a good development of the different species found in the garden. In order to have good visibility when there is no natural lighting, the garden will have its own artificial lighting system, which will be the only element that requires electricity. The garden will also be accessible with adapted furniture that allows the enjoyment of the entire population regardless of their level of mobility.

[ES] Se desea crear un jardín en la calle Albaida nº39 de Torrent en un solar con una superficie de 6.697m2. Se pretende dotar a esta parte del municipio de un nuevo espacio verde dándole un valor añadido complejo de cuantificar, ya que aporta aspectos positivos a la sociedad que habita tanto en la zona como en la ciudad. Los jardines ayudan a combatir la contaminación, lo cual es un aspecto importante desde un punto de vista sanitario y político debido a los objetivos de la Unión Europea. Además, reducen la contaminación acústica ofreciendo un ecosistema urbano. Al mismo tiempo, desde un punto de vista social son positivos al fomentar la creatividad y reducir el estrés. Por la misma parte, fomenta que los ciudadanos salgan a la calle para realizar tanto actividades físicas como vida social. El jardín dispondrá de varios accesos en las dos calles con las que limita. En cuanto al material vegetal, se buscan plantas que reduzcan los costes de mantenimiento como son la poda y el riego. Unos ejemplos de estos son: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua o Acer palmatum. Si bien, dispondrá de un sistema de riego para garantizar el buen desarrollo de las diferentes especies que se encuentran en el jardín. Para tener buena visibilidad cuando no se disponga de iluminación natural, el jardín hará uso de un sistema propio de iluminación artificial, siendo este el único elemento que necesita alimentación eléctrica. Finalmente, el jardín será accesible con mobiliario adaptado, permitiendo el disfrute de toda la población independientemente de su nivel de movilidad., [EN] The aim is to create a garden at 39 Albaida street in Torrent on a plot of land with a surface area of 6.697m2. The aim is to give a new green space to this part of the municipality, giving it added value, with the idea that gardens and other plant elements in a city provide an added value that is difficult to quantify, as they contribute positive aspects to the society that lives in each of the cities. Gardens help to combat pollution, which is an important aspect from a health and political point of view due to the objectives of the European Union. They also reduce noise pollution by providing an urban ecosystem. From a social point of view, they are positive in that they encourage creativity and reduce stress, as well as encouraging people to get out on the streets for physical activity and socializing. It will have several accesses on the two streets it borders. In terms of plant material, plants are sought that reduce maintenance costs such as pruning and watering. Some examples of these are: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua or Acer palmatum. However, you will have an irrigation system to guarantee a good development of the different species found in the garden. In order to have good visibility when there is no natural lighting, the garden will have its own artificial lighting system, which will be the only element that requires electricity. The garden will also be accessible with adapted furniture that allows the enjoyment of the entire population regardless of their level of mobility.

[ES] Se desea crear un jardín en la calle Albaida nº39 de Torrent en un solar con una superficie de 6.697m2. Se pretende dotar a esta parte del municipio de un nuevo espacio verde dándole un valor añadido complejo de cuantificar, ya que aporta aspectos positivos a la sociedad que habita tanto en la zona como en la ciudad. Los jardines ayudan a combatir la contaminación, lo cual es un aspecto importante desde un punto de vista sanitario y político debido a los objetivos de la Unión Europea. Además, reducen la contaminación acústica ofreciendo un ecosistema urbano. Al mismo tiempo, desde un punto de vista social son positivos al fomentar la creatividad y reducir el estrés. Por la misma parte, fomenta que los ciudadanos salgan a la calle para realizar tanto actividades físicas como vida social. El jardín dispondrá de varios accesos en las dos calles con las que limita. En cuanto al material vegetal, se buscan plantas que reduzcan los costes de mantenimiento como son la poda y el riego. Unos ejemplos de estos son: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua o Acer palmatum. Si bien, dispondrá de un sistema de riego para garantizar el buen desarrollo de las diferentes especies que se encuentran en el jardín. Para tener buena visibilidad cuando no se disponga de iluminación natural, el jardín hará uso de un sistema propio de iluminación artificial, siendo este el único elemento que necesita alimentación eléctrica. Finalmente, el jardín será accesible con mobiliario adaptado, permitiendo el disfrute de toda la población independientemente de su nivel de movilidad., [EN] The aim is to create a garden at 39 Albaida street in Torrent on a plot of land with a surface area of 6.697m2. The aim is to give a new green space to this part of the municipality, giving it added value, with the idea that gardens and other plant elements in a city provide an added value that is difficult to quantify, as they contribute positive aspects to the society that lives in each of the cities. Gardens help to combat pollution, which is an important aspect from a health and political point of view due to the objectives of the European Union. They also reduce noise pollution by providing an urban ecosystem. From a social point of view, they are positive in that they encourage creativity and reduce stress, as well as encouraging people to get out on the streets for physical activity and socializing. It will have several accesses on the two streets it borders. In terms of plant material, plants are sought that reduce maintenance costs such as pruning and watering. Some examples of these are: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua or Acer palmatum. However, you will have an irrigation system to guarantee a good development of the different species found in the garden. In order to have good visibility when there is no natural lighting, the garden will have its own artificial lighting system, which will be the only element that requires electricity. The garden will also be accessible with adapted furniture that allows the enjoyment of the entire population regardless of their level of mobility.

[ES] Se desea crear un jardín en la calle Albaida nº39 de Torrent en un solar con una superficie de 6.697m2. Se pretende dotar a esta parte del municipio de un nuevo espacio verde dándole un valor añadido complejo de cuantificar, ya que aporta aspectos positivos a la sociedad que habita tanto en la zona como en la ciudad. Los jardines ayudan a combatir la contaminación, lo cual es un aspecto importante desde un punto de vista sanitario y político debido a los objetivos de la Unión Europea. Además, reducen la contaminación acústica ofreciendo un ecosistema urbano. Al mismo tiempo, desde un punto de vista social son positivos al fomentar la creatividad y reducir el estrés. Por la misma parte, fomenta que los ciudadanos salgan a la calle para realizar tanto actividades físicas como vida social. El jardín dispondrá de varios accesos en las dos calles con las que limita. En cuanto al material vegetal, se buscan plantas que reduzcan los costes de mantenimiento como son la poda y el riego. Unos ejemplos de estos son: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua o Acer palmatum. Si bien, dispondrá de un sistema de riego para garantizar el buen desarrollo de las diferentes especies que se encuentran en el jardín. Para tener buena visibilidad cuando no se disponga de iluminación natural, el jardín hará uso de un sistema propio de iluminación artificial, siendo este el único elemento que necesita alimentación eléctrica. Finalmente, el jardín será accesible con mobiliario adaptado, permitiendo el disfrute de toda la población independientemente de su nivel de movilidad., [EN] The aim is to create a garden at 39 Albaida street in Torrent on a plot of land with a surface area of 6.697m2. The aim is to give a new green space to this part of the municipality, giving it added value, with the idea that gardens and other plant elements in a city provide an added value that is difficult to quantify, as they contribute positive aspects to the society that lives in each of the cities. Gardens help to combat pollution, which is an important aspect from a health and political point of view due to the objectives of the European Union. They also reduce noise pollution by providing an urban ecosystem. From a social point of view, they are positive in that they encourage creativity and reduce stress, as well as encouraging people to get out on the streets for physical activity and socializing. It will have several accesses on the two streets it borders. In terms of plant material, plants are sought that reduce maintenance costs such as pruning and watering. Some examples of these are: Brachychiton acerifolius, Liquidámbar styraciflua or Acer palmatum. However, you will have an irrigation system to guarantee a good development of the different species found in the garden. In order to have good visibility when there is no natural lighting, the garden will have its own artificial lighting system, which will be the only element that requires electricity. The garden will also be accessible with adapted furniture that allows the enjoyment of the entire population regardless of their level of mobility.

Looking back at the past generations, a growing alienation to nature has occurred. As humans moved into cities, they have had less contact with nature and in such a lesser awareness of the environment. Children go to school indoors and have little contact with the natural world or knowledge about where food comes from. In this essay I have through qualitative research, where I conducted five interviews and visited five different urban gardens, explored how children in cities can use urban gardens to learn about gardening and create a closer relationship to their perceived nature. With this being my aim, I further explore in which ways children can get in touch their local environment to reduce the alienation that has occurred. Giving children a place of creation, from physical to imaginative, incites a stronger bond to the area of which they live. The theories used in this thesis are based on experience-based learning, alienation from nature and how we can communicate or should communicate climate change with children. Experiencing the world through their senses gives a deeper internalized perception of the experience, whether it be holding a worm, hearing the bees or planting a seed.

The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations., QC 20221010

The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations., QC 20221010

The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations., QC 20221010

In this article I will discuss the potential of using the assemblage thinking in multispecies ethnography, as a method for developing postanthropocentric situated accounts. It is an extremely relevant tool with which to relate to make emerge how space is co-constructed through hybrid associations of human and nonhuman actors, which exceed human intentionality. Reading entanglements through a material-semiotic approach provides interesting analyses of the exploitation of the nonhuman on a global scale, but also offers stories of possible situated multispecies relationships of care. These relations are not universal essences, but situated entanglements in which nonhuman actors play an active role. Relying on STS feminist reflections, focusing on care could have the potential of unveiling less anthropocentric more-than-human relations, showing how being depend on each other.

This thesis focusses on social housing oppurtunities in the urban city centre of Beirut after the explosion of the Harbour of August 2020. The focus of the paper is aimed at the lower and middle class Beirutis and aimes to connect different fragments of the city centre., Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Complex Projects

The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations., QC 20221010

The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations., QC 20221010

Looking back at the past generations, a growing alienation to nature has occurred. As humans moved into cities, they have had less contact with nature and in such a lesser awareness of the environment. Children go to school indoors and have little contact with the natural world or knowledge about where food comes from. In this essay I have through qualitative research, where I conducted five interviews and visited five different urban gardens, explored how children in cities can use urban gardens to learn about gardening and create a closer relationship to their perceived nature. With this being my aim, I further explore in which ways children can get in touch their local environment to reduce the alienation that has occurred. Giving children a place of creation, from physical to imaginative, incites a stronger bond to the area of which they live. The theories used in this thesis are based on experience-based learning, alienation from nature and how we can communicate or should communicate climate change with children. Experiencing the world through their senses gives a deeper internalized perception of the experience, whether it be holding a worm, hearing the bees or planting a seed.

This study examines urbanization patterns linked to social housing units and the way in which such patterns influence the practice of urban agriculture (UA) in Mexico. Due to the transformations that take place over time in Mexican social-housing units, impervious surfaces tend to increase at the expense of greenspace and UA possibilities. The research aims to identify the negative impact of social housing transformations on UA and suggest a policy framework for sustainable housing development in Mexico. The empirical analysis distinguishes four social housing typologies within two emblematic neighborhoods in the city of Merida, Mexico: Las Magnolias and Ampliación Tixcacal-Opichén. A survey of 157 housing units combines quantitative metrics and qualitative descriptors to unveil the detrimental impact of development on UA. The results show that UA takes place within the building lots and around the housing units, rather than in public urban areas. 60% of the sampled units practiced UA, with traditional backyard gardens being the most common modality. The research findings point to a systematic expansion of impervious surfaces, limitation of both cultivation choices and crop variety, and major restrictions on UA practices. Social housing represents the bulk of residential developments in Mexico (42.7% out of 35.5 million housing units). Left unregulated, the types of social housing transformations that have been empirically verified in this study endanger the availability of green space as the primary resource for UA. This research sheds light on critical policy changes and formulations that are required to enhance UA practices and to establish greener cities and more sustainable housing development., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

This thesis examines the ways Indigenous migrants in Los Angeles (LA) have created places of life through the formation of farms and decentralized gardens. The South Central Farm (SCF) was one of the earliest examples of food sovereignty in LA led by Indigenous migrants. I conduct a history of the life of the SCF from 1992 to 2006 and conceptualize food sovereignty for Indigenous migrants as rooted in practices of autonomy, care, and transmission of traditional knowledge. After the farm was demolished in 2006, I turn to the ways the spirit of the SCF lives on in the formation of decentralized gardens as a response to lack of food and land access. Repurposing empty lots, backyards and sidewalks for communal gardens, Indigenous migrants continue cultivating food communally. I draw on archival material, oral histories, and contemporary interviews to argue that Indigenous migrant placemaking creates life-making, life-giving, and life-affirming places. Utilizing abolition geographies and placemaking as frameworks, I show how these places make life through the cultivation of food, give life back to the land through regenerative practices, and affirm the lives of Indigenous migrants who care for the land and each other. I suggest that at the center of these placemaking strategies is the struggle for fresh food, land to grow it, and autonomy.

Food security is increasingly becoming a major challenge for the rapidly urbanizing areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Indeed, specific aspects of food security applicable to the urban context include the necessity to purchase most of the food needed and greater dependence on market-based systems. For the urban poor, it is the dominance of the cash economy over access to such a basic need as food that links urban food systems to poverty and vulnerability to food insecurity. Recently, urban agriculture (UA) has increasingly gained recognition as a viable intervention strategy for the urban poor to secure food and earn extra income. However, UA encounters a lack of interest and acknowledgement by policies and is not expanding at the expected rate. Using a transdisciplinary approach, this research aimed to propose an integrated model that facilitates a smooth development of UA in Benin, and sub-Saharan African countries. The research explored the profile of urban poor and showed that they were characterized by low educational and income levels, overcrowded and unsanitary housing conditions and limited access to social services and health facilities; 76 percent of them were food insecure. Through a two-year randomized controlled trial that addressed the lack of farming skills and financial capital, and safety issues for women, the research found that allotment gardens can provide urban poor with access to fresh foods and income to improve their food security situation. In addition, the successful development of allotment gardens depended on three factors: regular agricultural advice of a skilled master gardener, full compliance of participants to the intervention, and good cooperation among members. Using the context of COVID-19 pandemic, the findings indicated that, despite the disruptions in food logistics due to movement restrictions, there was evidence that urban farmers were better off in lockdown periods compared to poor urban citizens without a garden. Furthermore, the

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Schnittstelle von urbanen Freiräumen, der Partizipation von verschiedenen Akteur:innen, sowie der urbanen Landwirtschaft. Für die temporäre Verwendung dieser Freiräume, verwenden wir den Begriff der «Zwischennutzung». In dieser Forschungsarbeit werden sechs verschiedene Zwischennutzungen und die darin entstandenen Projekte untersucht. Als Methode werden Leitfadengestützte Interviews nach thematischer Ordnung ausgewertet. Die Interviewpartner:innen sind das Prinzessinnengarten Kollektiv Berlin, der Verein Stadionbrache und der Quartiersverein Guggacker aus Zürich, das Gemeinschaftszentrum Buchegg Zürich, die Architektin Barbara Buser (Mitgründerin des Gundeldinger Feld Basel) und Stadsbruk aus Malmö. Die dadurch gewonnenen Resultate umfassen vor allem folgende sechs Kernaussagen: 1. Die Verwaltungsapparate agieren nicht mutig genug und sind demnach zu wenig unterstützend. 2. Zielgruppenspezifische Sprache ist unabdingbar für eine gelungene Kommunikation. Für den Umgang mit den unterschiedlichen Akteur:innen im Kontext von urbanen Gärten bzw. Stakeholder:innen im Kontext von urbaner Landwirtschaft braucht es eine gewisse Anpassungsfähigkeit. 3. Zur Mitglieder Generierung ist ein niedrigschwelliger Zugang von Nöten welcher durch ein möglichst barrierefreies Angebot gewährleistet werden kann. 4. Um ein funktionierendes Miteinander zu erschaffen ist eine gemeinsame Vision, sowie klare Richtlinien nötig. 5. Es ist leichter mit etwas bereits Bestehendem zu arbeiten, als etwas Neues ins Leben zu rufen. 6. Für Urban Gardening Projekte ist Vorwissen grundsätzlich nicht nötig. Ein gutes Netzwerk, Eigeninitiative sowie eine gewisse Erfahrung in der Organisation und Mediation sind von Vorteil. Als Ausblick lässt sich feststellen, dass die öffentliche Hand das Erschliessen von und Experimentieren mit brach liegenden Flächen durch vereinfachte bürokratische Strukturen, Infrastruktur, Kommunikation und finanzielle Mittel mehr fördern könnte. Eine z

The production of food within cities through urban agriculture can be considered as a nature-based solution and is argued to be an important response to the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as to climate change and other urban challenges. However, current research on urban agriculture is still fragmented, calling for a systematic and integrative assessment of different forms of urban agriculture and the drivers and constraints for their effective realization. In this context, the Special Issue presents conceptual and empirical research articles from around the world on the impact and implementation potential of various types of urban agriculture. The studies of this Special Issue cover a broad range of impact and implementation dimensions, assessment methods and geographical backgrounds that can support future studies to develop a systemic perspective on urban food production., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Czech Science Foundation, Peer Reviewed

In search of sustainable cities, the compact green city has become an ideal for urban planners globally and green infrastructure has been reevaluated since raised awareness of the multifunctions of greenery. Consequently, the interest in urban agriculture has been renewed and new forms of projects are currently being established internationally. Being an explicit advantageous sustainable planning strategy, the concept remains less explored in the field of human geography. This qualitative study aims to investigate the phenomena of urban agriculture in the city of Malmö and how it is related to current sustainable planning ideals. Based on interviews and document analysis the research explores attitudes and ideas among stakeholders in relation to the municipality in Malmö. Focusing on two different recent forms of urban agriculture, findings and analysis demonstrate various challenges and opportunities connected to strategies for a compact green city and the organisational establishment process. At the same time drivers and goals are identified with interests in different sustainability aspects. The thesis concludes that current sustainable planning ideals affect the way different urban agriculture projects are being established and prioritised. It emphasises the complexity of the versatile concept of urban agriculture as a sustainable planning strategy and the need for further investigation.

This thesis examines the ways Indigenous migrants in Los Angeles (LA) have created places of life through the formation of farms and decentralized gardens. The South Central Farm (SCF) was one of the earliest examples of food sovereignty in LA led by Indigenous migrants. I conduct a history of the life of the SCF from 1992 to 2006 and conceptualize food sovereignty for Indigenous migrants as rooted in practices of autonomy, care, and transmission of traditional knowledge. After the farm was demolished in 2006, I turn to the ways the spirit of the SCF lives on in the formation of decentralized gardens as a response to lack of food and land access. Repurposing empty lots, backyards and sidewalks for communal gardens, Indigenous migrants continue cultivating food communally. I draw on archival material, oral histories, and contemporary interviews to argue that Indigenous migrant placemaking creates life-making, life-giving, and life-affirming places. Utilizing abolition geographies and placemaking as frameworks, I show how these places make life through the cultivation of food, give life back to the land through regenerative practices, and affirm the lives of Indigenous migrants who care for the land and each other. I suggest that at the center of these placemaking strategies is the struggle for fresh food, land to grow it, and autonomy.

The production of food within cities through urban agriculture can be considered as a nature-based solution and is argued to be an important response to the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as to climate change and other urban challenges. However, current research on urban agriculture is still fragmented, calling for a systematic and integrative assessment of different forms of urban agriculture and the drivers and constraints for their effective realization. In this context, the Special Issue presents conceptual and empirical research articles from around the world on the impact and implementation potential of various types of urban agriculture. The studies of this Special Issue cover a broad range of impact and implementation dimensions, asssessment methods and geographical backgrounds that can support future studies to develop a systemic perspective on urban food production., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Czech Science Foundation, Peer Reviewed

The paper reports on a study of how urban gardening can be implemented in the urban planning for the area, how urban gardening can be used as a tool for a more sustainable city, as well as to understand the role of cafes in encouraging the residents of the Stockholm, both directly and indirectly, to engage in sustainable consumption practices. This project will look at how urban gardening tools can be used within Stockholm to increase sustainable consumption practices. The final outcome, of which, will be a mobile herb garden that travels to different cafes in urban areas of Stockholm, with suggestions as to what could be included in the area to maximize the environmental and economical benefits. Through participatory design approach a range of urban gardening practices has been included in the suggested plans including mobile gardens, community gardens, and growing local foods to maximize the benefits for both the residents and the planet. As a designer and discerning consumers I tried to start to look beyond the pure surface in this project and reveal the potential of urbanization especially by looking closer at “what is” in this case, the impact of cafes can play on encouraging citizens to sustainable consumption and that can be shared as surplus in an urban area in central Stockholm which can be prototyped and be read as a case study to “ what if “.

The benefits and services of urban gardens (UGs) in urbanized areas are being increasingly recognized, leading to widespread enhancement of efforts in protection and provision. At present, several types of UGs created under the policy of "The Garden City Initiative" (GCI) exist in Taipei City, Taiwan, and four types of UGs, namely Allotment Garden (AG), Happy Garden (HG), Rooftop Garden (RG), and School Garden (SG), have been created using vacant lots and rooftop spaces developed via GCI....

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Schnittstelle von urbanen Freiräumen, der Partizipation von verschiedenen Akteur:innen, sowie der urbanen Landwirtschaft. Für die temporäre Verwendung dieser Freiräume, verwenden wir den Begriff der «Zwischennutzung». In dieser Forschungsarbeit werden sechs verschiedene Zwischennutzungen und die darin entstandenen Projekte untersucht. Als Methode werden Leitfadengestützte Interviews nach thematischer Ordnung ausgewertet. Die Interviewpartner:innen sind das Prinzessinnengarten Kollektiv Berlin, der Verein Stadionbrache und der Quartiersverein Guggacker aus Zürich, das Gemeinschaftszentrum Buchegg Zürich, die Architektin Barbara Buser (Mitgründerin des Gundeldinger Feld Basel) und Stadsbruk aus Malmö. Die dadurch gewonnenen Resultate umfassen vor allem folgende sechs Kernaussagen: 1. Die Verwaltungsapparate agieren nicht mutig genug und sind demnach zu wenig unterstützend. 2. Zielgruppenspezifische Sprache ist unabdingbar für eine gelungene Kommunikation. Für den Umgang mit den unterschiedlichen Akteur:innen im Kontext von urbanen Gärten bzw. Stakeholder:innen im Kontext von urbaner Landwirtschaft braucht es eine gewisse Anpassungsfähigkeit. 3. Zur Mitglieder Generierung ist ein niedrigschwelliger Zugang von Nöten welcher durch ein möglichst barrierefreies Angebot gewährleistet werden kann. 4. Um ein funktionierendes Miteinander zu erschaffen ist eine gemeinsame Vision, sowie klare Richtlinien nötig. 5. Es ist leichter mit etwas bereits Bestehendem zu arbeiten, als etwas Neues ins Leben zu rufen. 6. Für Urban Gardening Projekte ist Vorwissen grundsätzlich nicht nötig. Ein gutes Netzwerk, Eigeninitiative sowie eine gewisse Erfahrung in der Organisation und Mediation sind von Vorteil. Als Ausblick lässt sich feststellen, dass die öffentliche Hand das Erschliessen von und Experimentieren mit brach liegenden Flächen durch vereinfachte bürokratische Strukturen, Infrastruktur, Kommunikation und finanzielle Mittel mehr fördern könnte. Eine z

Food security is increasingly becoming a major challenge for the rapidly urbanizing areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Indeed, specific aspects of food security applicable to the urban context include the necessity to purchase most of the food needed and greater dependence on market-based systems. For the urban poor, it is the dominance of the cash economy over access to such a basic need as food that links urban food systems to poverty and vulnerability to food insecurity. Recently, urban agriculture (UA) has increasingly gained recognition as a viable intervention strategy for the urban poor to secure food and earn extra income. However, UA encounters a lack of interest and acknowledgement by policies and is not expanding at the expected rate. Using a transdisciplinary approach, this research aimed to propose an integrated model that facilitates a smooth development of UA in Benin, and sub-Saharan African countries. The research explored the profile of urban poor and showed that they were characterized by low educational and income levels, overcrowded and unsanitary housing conditions and limited access to social services and health facilities; 76 percent of them were food insecure. Through a two-year randomized controlled trial that addressed the lack of farming skills and financial capital, and safety issues for women, the research found that allotment gardens can provide urban poor with access to fresh foods and income to improve their food security situation. In addition, the successful development of allotment gardens depended on three factors: regular agricultural advice of a skilled master gardener, full compliance of participants to the intervention, and good cooperation among members. Using the context of COVID-19 pandemic, the findings indicated that, despite the disruptions in food logistics due to movement restrictions, there was evidence that urban farmers were better off in lockdown periods compared to poor urban citizens without a garden. Furthermore, the

In search of sustainable cities, the compact green city has become an ideal for urban planners globally and green infrastructure has been reevaluated since raised awareness of the multifunctions of greenery. Consequently, the interest in urban agriculture has been renewed and new forms of projects are currently being established internationally. Being an explicit advantageous sustainable planning strategy, the concept remains less explored in the field of human geography. This qualitative study aims to investigate the phenomena of urban agriculture in the city of Malmö and how it is related to current sustainable planning ideals. Based on interviews and document analysis the research explores attitudes and ideas among stakeholders in relation to the municipality in Malmö. Focusing on two different recent forms of urban agriculture, findings and analysis demonstrate various challenges and opportunities connected to strategies for a compact green city and the organisational establishment process. At the same time drivers and goals are identified with interests in different sustainability aspects. The thesis concludes that current sustainable planning ideals affect the way different urban agriculture projects are being established and prioritised. It emphasises the complexity of the versatile concept of urban agriculture as a sustainable planning strategy and the need for further investigation.

The paper reports on a study of how urban gardening can be implemented in the urban planning for the area, how urban gardening can be used as a tool for a more sustainable city, as well as to understand the role of cafes in encouraging the residents of the Stockholm, both directly and indirectly, to engage in sustainable consumption practices. This project will look at how urban gardening tools can be used within Stockholm to increase sustainable consumption practices. The final outcome, of which, will be a mobile herb garden that travels to different cafes in urban areas of Stockholm, with suggestions as to what could be included in the area to maximize the environmental and economical benefits. Through participatory design approach a range of urban gardening practices has been included in the suggested plans including mobile gardens, community gardens, and growing local foods to maximize the benefits for both the residents and the planet. As a designer and discerning consumers I tried to start to look beyond the pure surface in this project and reveal the potential of urbanization especially by looking closer at “what is” in this case, the impact of cafes can play on encouraging citizens to sustainable consumption and that can be shared as surplus in an urban area in central Stockholm which can be prototyped and be read as a case study to “ what if “.

The benefits and services of urban gardens (UGs) in urbanized areas are being increasingly recognized, leading to widespread enhancement of efforts in protection and provision. At present, several types of UGs created under the policy of "The Garden City Initiative" (GCI) exist in Taipei City, Taiwan, and four types of UGs, namely Allotment Garden (AG), Happy Garden (HG), Rooftop Garden (RG), and School Garden (SG), have been created using vacant lots and rooftop spaces developed via GCI....

The benefits and services of urban gardens (UGs) in urbanized areas are being increasingly recognized, leading to widespread enhancement of efforts in protection and provision. At present, several types of UGs created under the policy of "The Garden City Initiative" (GCI) exist in Taipei City, Taiwan, and four types of UGs, namely Allotment Garden (AG), Happy Garden (HG), Rooftop Garden (RG), and School Garden (SG), have been created using vacant lots and rooftop spaces developed via GCI....

In cities, green spaces are important for the citizens’ health and well-being. Allotment clubs and community gardens are places that offer many positive functions for participants. They can give refuge, a purpose, recreation and community. These places can be shaped by the participants and give opportunity to influence public space. While these benefits are known, many of these urban places are still under existential threat. In environmental psychology, place attachment is known as a concept of person – place bonds. This study investigates the impact of place attachment on urban green community projects and how this effects the role of these projects in cities. A multiple case study in four urban gardening initiatives in Germany was conducted in three community gardens and one allotment club. It shows that place attachment has a positive impact on the person – place bond, the group – place bond and by that also on the person – group bond. Its functions can be found in nearly all activities in these places. This means that urban gardening initiatives are vital places in cities, as they support social cohesion and the citizens’ well-being. Additionally, they give the possibility to participate in public life.

Hypericum ericoides is a rock plant of potential ornamental use in sustainable gardening in Mediterranean urban environment. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of temperature, light, salinity and soil moisture at the stage of plant life most sensitive to abiotic stresses (seed germination). The results indicate that light is not a germination requirement, while temperature the main factor that regulates the germination process of this species. Seed germination was inhibited by warm temperatures of 25 and 30 ºC. By contrast, intermediate temperatures of 10, 15 and 20 ºC induced high germination percentages both in alternating light/darkness and continuous darkness. The alternating temperature of 12/20 ºC led to germination percentages close to 100% and the highest germination speed, making this the suggested optimal for germination. The germination values attained demonstrated the absence of dormancy in H. ericoides seeds. In general, salinity and drought stress (induced by NaCl and PEG solutes, respectively) caused similar effects, reducing and delaying seed germination as the osmotic potential decreased (from 0 to -1.68 MPa). However, while most non-germinated seeds remained viable during exposure to all the osmotic potentials induced by PEG and germinated when drought stress was alleviated, the highest levels of salt stress permanently inhibited germination, although not in all seeds. These results indicated that germination inhibition under both NaCl and PEG stress is mainly due to the low water potential caused by osmotic stress, while salt stress had the added toxic effect of specific ions at the highest concentrations of NaCl. So, H. ericoides seeds can germinate well under conditions of moderate salinity and high drought stress, making it a promising species for use in sustainable urban gardening, with a low input of irrigation water of low quality.

eingereicht von Merve Maksude Macit, in englischer Sprache, Universität Innsbruck, Diplomarbeit, 2020, (VLID)4672723

In recent years, the development of new neighbourhoods in Sweden has included social sustainability as an overarching aim. This research project focuses on Vallastaden (development of which began in 2017 and is still ongoing), host of Sweden’s largest built environment exhibition. The research explores how social sustainability was interpreted during the different phases of the project and how the built environment was constructed in relation to defining social sustainability. The results show that the planning process included a wide variety of stakeholders, and that social sustainability was defined broadly, with some versions being foregrounded and others backgrounded. Notably, some elements for residents, such as the socalled “felleshus” – large greenhouses with communal social spaces – and Paradiset – land designed for permaculture and urban gardening – were brought to the fore. Felleshus and Paradiset have been studied in greater detail: How have these communal spaces been developed over the last two years? Specific attention was paid to socio-material relationships. The empirical material shows various tensions between residents, activities, practices and the built environment. To deepen our understanding of the results, theoretical approaches relating to “matters of care” and ethico-political dimensions of care have guided our analyses. With these approaches, the work performed to achieve what was expected from felleshus is acknowledged, as are the effects of the work and relationship-building involved in felleshus and Paradiset. The conclusion is that social sustainability involves many processes, which might take time and evolve in unexpected directions. Openness to these processes must be taken into account when planning and constructing similar neighbourhoods.

In recent years, the development of new neighbourhoods in Sweden has included social sustainability as an overarching aim. This research project focuses on Vallastaden (development of which began in 2017 and is still ongoing), host of Sweden’s largest built environment exhibition. The research explores how social sustainability was interpreted during the different phases of the project and how the built environment was constructed in relation to defining social sustainability. The results show that the planning process included a wide variety of stakeholders, and that social sustainability was defined broadly, with some versions being foregrounded and others backgrounded. Notably, some elements for residents, such as the socalled “felleshus” – large greenhouses with communal social spaces – and Paradiset – land designed for permaculture and urban gardening – were brought to the fore. Felleshus and Paradiset have been studied in greater detail: How have these communal spaces been developed over the last two years? Specific attention was paid to socio-material relationships. The empirical material shows various tensions between residents, activities, practices and the built environment. To deepen our understanding of the results, theoretical approaches relating to “matters of care” and ethico-political dimensions of care have guided our analyses. With these approaches, the work performed to achieve what was expected from felleshus is acknowledged, as are the effects of the work and relationship-building involved in felleshus and Paradiset. The conclusion is that social sustainability involves many processes, which might take time and evolve in unexpected directions. Openness to these processes must be taken into account when planning and constructing similar neighbourhoods.

This thesis is about urban gardening and its meaning for ecological and social sustainability. The study is based on a case study, Augustenborg in Malmö, and on the theoretical model “Planner’s triangle”, from Scott Campbell 1996, interwoven with the theory of social capital. The method used for the study is of qualitative value, with one document analysis and four semi-structured interviews with representatives from Miljöförvaltningen, Fastighets- och Gatukontoret, Odlargruppen Augustenborg and MKB. The research questions asked in the beginning was; how can urban gardening be used as a sustainability strategy? What does urban gardening mean for ecological- and social sustainability? They both aim to be investigated in Malmö in general but also in Augustenborg specifically. This study aims to give a greater understanding of the meaning urban gardening has for future green planning, ecological and social sustainability, the inhabitants and what driving forces there are behind investing in these environmental projects. The result showed that urban gardening can be used as a tool for sustainable development and city planning. The sustainable dimension that is most prioritized by Malmö, in this matter, is social sustainability. The interviewee from Odlargruppen in Augustenborg had a hard time saying which one of the two, ecological and social sustainability, that’s most prioritized by their community, since they work a lot with ecological farming and special plants for the pollinators. There is also potential that urban farming can drive economic development, this study has not focused on that third aspect though - but it’s something that could be further researched. This thesis showed that urban farming can have different values for Malmö as a city, both in a stronger social capital through the community it creates and a richer biodiversity - something that Malmö city needs to treasure in the future with expected densification.