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1. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Françoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Françoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
Full Text
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2. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Françoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Françoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key stra- tegies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020

3. Sub-lethal predatory shell damage does not affect physiology under high CO2 in the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata

Author

Yokoyama, Leonardo Q, Turra, Alexander, Suckling, Coleen, Torres, Gabriela, Davies, Andrew J., McCarthy, Ian, Yokoyama, Leonardo Q, Turra, Alexander, Suckling, Coleen, Torres, Gabriela, Davies, Andrew J., and McCarthy, Ian

Abstract

Ocean acidification (OA) poses a major threat to marine animals, especially marine shelled invertebrates such as molluscs. Although many organisms are capable of compensating for the effects of OA, this can impose physiological costs and impact performance (e.g. through increased metabolism and decreased growth). Sublethal injuries on shells may provoke changes in energy allocation. Under acidified conditions, organisms would spend less energy on reproduction and somatic growth to repair the damage. Therefore, we analysed the physiological responses of the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata during shell regeneration under OA conditions. We simulated a sub-lethal predation event (a notch in the outer lip of the shell) and individuals were exposed to control (pH 8.08) and low pH scenarios (pH 7.88 and 7.65). After two months exposure, all individuals showed shell repair, with a full repair rate observed in 75% of individuals. Contrary to expectations, shell repair following sub-lethal damage and OA had no apparent impact on physiological state in terms of energy reserves (as measured by whole-animal Carbon/Nitrogen) or growth potential (as measured by whole-animal RNA:Protein and RNA:DNA ratios). As an intertidal organism, T. reticulata could be resilient to future global environmental change because of compensatory mechanisms that are inherent in intertidal animals, and may represent a robust species with which to study future scenarios of OA in temperate coastal ecosystems. However, unrestricted food availability during experiment could have played a role in the results and therefore food limitation should be considered in future studies regarding shell repair and metabolism under the effects of OA.

Published
2020

4. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Françoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Françoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
Full Text
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5. Sub-lethal predatory shell damage does not affect physiology under high CO2 in the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata

Author

Yokoyama, Leonardo Q, Turra, Alexander, Suckling, Coleen, Torres, Gabriela, Davies, Andrew J., McCarthy, Ian, Yokoyama, Leonardo Q, Turra, Alexander, Suckling, Coleen, Torres, Gabriela, Davies, Andrew J., and McCarthy, Ian

Abstract

Ocean acidification (OA) poses a major threat to marine animals, especially marine shelled invertebrates such as molluscs. Although many organisms are capable of compensating for the effects of OA, this can impose physiological costs and impact performance (e.g. through increased metabolism and decreased growth). Sublethal injuries on shells may provoke changes in energy allocation. Under acidified conditions, organisms would spend less energy on reproduction and somatic growth to repair the damage. Therefore, we analysed the physiological responses of the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata during shell regeneration under OA conditions. We simulated a sub-lethal predation event (a notch in the outer lip of the shell) and individuals were exposed to control (pH 8.08) and low pH scenarios (pH 7.88 and 7.65). After two months exposure, all individuals showed shell repair, with a full repair rate observed in 75% of individuals. Contrary to expectations, shell repair following sub-lethal damage and OA had no apparent impact on physiological state in terms of energy reserves (as measured by whole-animal Carbon/Nitrogen) or growth potential (as measured by whole-animal RNA:Protein and RNA:DNA ratios). As an intertidal organism, T. reticulata could be resilient to future global environmental change because of compensatory mechanisms that are inherent in intertidal animals, and may represent a robust species with which to study future scenarios of OA in temperate coastal ecosystems. However, unrestricted food availability during experiment could have played a role in the results and therefore food limitation should be considered in future studies regarding shell repair and metabolism under the effects of OA.

Published
2020

6. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Françoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Françoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key stra- tegies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020

7. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Francoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Francoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Francoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Francoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
Full Text
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9. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Françoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William W.l., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-delmotte, Valérie, Matz-lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Aricò, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbière, Julian, Barnerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thierno, Hilmi, Nathalie, Ménard, Frédéric, Moulin, Cyril, Muñoz, Norma Patricia, Parmentier, Rémi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Sicre, Marie-alexandrine, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Thiele, Torsten, Troublé, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Françoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
Full Text
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10. A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

Author

Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, Gaill, Francoise, Claudet, Joachim, Bopp, Laurent, Cheung, William L., Devillers, Rodolphe, Escobar-Briones, Elva, Haugan, Peter, Heymans, Johanna J., Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Matz-Lück, Nele, Miloslavich, Patricia, Mullineaux, Lauren, Visbeck, Martin, Watson, Robert, Zivian, Anna Milena, Ansorge, Isabelle, Araujo, Moacyr, Arico, Salvatore, Bailly, Denis, Barbiere, Julian, Bamerias, Cyrille, Bowler, Chris, Brun, Victor, Cazenave, Anny, Diver, Cameron, Euzen, Agathe, Gaye, Amadou Thiemo, Hilmi, Nathalie, Menard, Frederic, Moulin, Cyril, Munoz, Norma P., Pamentier, Remi, Pebayle, Antoine, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Osvaldina, Silva, Ricard, Patricia, Santos, Ricardo Serrao, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Thiebault, Stephanie, Thiele, Torsten, Trouble, Romain, Turra, Alexander, Uku, Jacqueline, and Gaill, Francoise

Abstract

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.

Published
2020
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11. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Abstract

Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and b

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Toward the integrated marine debris observing system

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Abstract

Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and b

Published
2019

13. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Published
2019

14. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Published
2019

15. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Abstract

Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and b

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-vicente, Victor, Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Abstract

Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and b

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Published
2019

18. Using mussel as a global bioindicator of coastal microplastic pollution

Author

Li, Jiana, Lusher, Amy L, Rotchell, Jeanette M, Deudero, Salud, Turra, Alexander, Bråte, Inger Lise N, Sun, Chengjun, Hossain, M Shahadat, Li, Qipei, Kolandhasamy, Prabhu, Li, Jiana, Lusher, Amy L, Rotchell, Jeanette M, Deudero, Salud, Turra, Alexander, Bråte, Inger Lise N, Sun, Chengjun, Hossain, M Shahadat, Li, Qipei, and Kolandhasamy, Prabhu

Abstract

The ubiquity and high bioavailability of microplastics have an unknown risk on the marine environment. Biomonitoring should be used to investigate biotic impacts of microplastic exposure. While many studies have used mussels as indicators for marine microplastic pollution, a robust and clear justification for their selection as indicator species is still lacking. Here, we review published literature from field investigations and laboratory experiments on microplastics in mussels and critically discuss the suitability and challenges of mussels as bioindicator for microplastic pollution. Mussels are suitable bioindicator for microplastic pollution because of their wide distribution, vital ecological niches, susceptibility to microplastic uptake and close connection with marine predators and human health. Field investigations highlight a wide occurrence of microplastics in mussels from all over the world, yet their abundance varies enormously. Problematically, these studies are not comparable due to the lack of a standardized approach, as well as temporal and spatial variability. Interestingly, microplastic abundance in field-collected mussels is closely related to human activity, and there is evidence for a positive and quantitative correlation between microplastics in mussels and surrounding waters. Laboratory studies collectively demonstrate that mussels may be good model organisms in revealing microplastic uptake, accumulation and toxicity. Consequently, we propose the use of mussels as target species to monitor microplastics and call for a uniform, efficient and economical approach that is suitable for a future large-scale monitoring program.

Published
2019

19. Toward the integrated marine debris observing system

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Löscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Spedicato, Maria Teresa, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Abstract

Plastics and other artificial materials pose new risks to the health of the ocean. Anthropogenic debris travels across large distances and is ubiquitous in the water and on shorelines, yet, observations of its sources, composition, pathways, and distributions in the ocean are very sparse and inaccurate. Total amounts of plastics and other man-made debris in the ocean and on the shore, temporal trends in these amounts under exponentially increasing production, as well as degradation processes, vertical fluxes, and time scales are largely unknown. Present ocean circulation models are not able to accurately simulate drift of debris because of its complex hydrodynamics. In this paper we discuss the structure of the future integrated marine debris observing system (IMDOS) that is required to provide long-term monitoring of the state of this anthropogenic pollution and support operational activities to mitigate impacts on the ecosystem and on the safety of maritime activity. The proposed observing system integrates remote sensing and in situ observations. Also, models are used to optimize the design of the system and, in turn, they will be gradually improved using the products of the system. Remote sensing technologies will provide spatially coherent coverage and consistent surveying time series at local to global scale. Optical sensors, including high-resolution imaging, multi- and hyperspectral, fluorescence, and Raman technologies, as well as SAR will be used to measure different types of debris. They will be implemented in a variety of platforms, from hand-held tools to ship-, buoy-, aircraft-, and satellite-based sensors. A network of in situ observations, including reports from volunteers, citizen scientists and ships of opportunity, will be developed to provide data for calibration/validation of remote sensors and to monitor the spread of plastic pollution and other marine debris. IMDOS will interact with other observing systems monitoring physical, chemical, and b

Published
2019

20. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Published
2019

22. Toward the Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

Author

Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, Wilcox, Chris, Maximenko, Nikolai, Corradi, Paolo, Law, Kara Lavender, Van Sebille, Erik, Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P., Lampitt, Richard Stephen, Galgani, Francois, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Goddijn-Murphy, Lonneke, Veiga, Joana Mira, Thompson, Richard C., Maes, Christophe, Moller, Delwyn, Loscher, Carolin Regina, Addamo, Anna Maria, Lamson, Megan R., Centurioni, Luca R., Posth, Nicole R., Lumpkin, Rick, Vinci, Matteo, Martins, Ana Maria, Pieper, Catharina Diogo, Isobe, Atsuhiko, Hanke, Georg, Edwards, Margo, Chubarenko, Irina P., Rodriguez, Ernesto, Aliani, Stefano, Arias, Manuel, Asner, Gregory P., Brosich, Alberto, Carlton, James T., Chao, Yi, Cook, Anna-Marie, Cundy, Andrew B., Galloway, Tamara S., Giorgetti, Alessandra, Goni, Gustavo Jorge, Guichoux, Yann, Haram, Linsey E., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Holdsworth, Neil, Lebreton, Laurent, Leslie, Heather A., Macadam-Somer, Ilan, Mace, Thomas, Manuel, Mark, Marsh, Robert, Martinez, Elodie, Mayor, Daniel J., Le Moigne, Morgan, Jack, Maria Eugenia Molina, Mowlem, Matt Charles, Obbard, Rachel W., Pabortsava, Katsiaryna, Robberson, Bill, Rotaru, Amelia-Elena, Ruiz, Gregory M., Teresa Spedicato, Maria, Thiel, Martin, Turra, Alexander, and Wilcox, Chris

Published
2019

23. Human threats to sandy beaches: A meta-analysis of ghost crabs illustrates global anthropogenic impacts

Author

Schlacher, Thomas A, Lucrezi, Serena, Connolly, Rod M, Peterson, Charles H, Gilby, Ben L, Maslo, Brooke, Olds, Andrew D, Walker, Simon J, Leon, Javier X, Huijbers, Chantal M, Weston, Michael A, Turra, Alexander, Hyndes, Glenn A, Holt, Rebecca A, Schoeman, David S, Schlacher, Thomas A, Lucrezi, Serena, Connolly, Rod M, Peterson, Charles H, Gilby, Ben L, Maslo, Brooke, Olds, Andrew D, Walker, Simon J, Leon, Javier X, Huijbers, Chantal M, Weston, Michael A, Turra, Alexander, Hyndes, Glenn A, Holt, Rebecca A, and Schoeman, David S

Abstract

Beach and coastal dune systems are increasingly subjected to a broad range of anthropogenic pressures that on many shorelines require significant conservation and mitigation interventions. But these interventions require reliable data on the severity and frequency of adverse ecological impacts. Such evidence is often obtained by measuring the response of 'indicator species'.Ghost crabs are the largest invertebrates inhabiting tropical and subtropical sandy shores and are frequently used to assess human impacts on ocean beaches. Here we present the first global meta-analysis of these impacts, and analyse the design properties and metrics of studies using ghost-crabs in their assessment. This was complemented by a gap analysis to identify thematic areas of anthropogenic pressures on sandy beach ecosystems that are under-represented in the published literature.Our meta-analysis demonstrates a broad geographic reach, encompassing studies on shores of the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the South China Sea. It also reveals what are, arguably, two major limitations: i) the near-universal use of proxies (i.e. burrow counts to estimate abundance) at the cost of directly measuring biological traits and bio-markers in the organism itself; and ii) descriptive or correlative study designs that rarely extend beyond a simple 'compare and contrast approach', and hence fail to identify the mechanistic cause(s) of observed contrasts.Evidence for a historically narrow range of assessed pressures (i.e., chiefly urbanisation, vehicles, beach nourishment, and recreation) is juxtaposed with rich opportunities for the broader integration of ghost crabs as a model taxon in studies of disturbance and impact assessments on ocean beaches. Tangible advances will most likely occur where ghost crabs provide foci for experiments that test specific hypotheses associated with effects of chemical, light and acoustic pollution, as well as the consequences of climate change (e.g. spec

Published
2016

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