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Motivated by recent experimental initiatives, such as at the Helmholtz International Beamline for Extreme Fields (HIBEF) at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), we calculate the birefringent scattering of x-rays at the combined field of two optical (or near-optical) lasers and compare various scenarios. In order to facilitate an experimental detection of quantum vacuum diffraction and birefringence, special emphasis is placed on scenarios where the difference between the initial and final x-ray photons is maximized. Apart from their polarization, these signal and background photons may differ in propagation direction (corresponding to scattering angles in the mrad regime) and possibly energy., Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure

Objective: The International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society classification is the gold standard for the characterisation of lupus nephritis (LN) on renal biopsy, with therapeutic repercussions. Its recent revision simplified the current class subdivisions, eliminating the S/G forms of class IV, although data on a possible pathogenetic/clinical value of this subdivision are still contradictory. Methods: 353 renal biopsies from Belimumab International Study in LN were assessed through central pathology review. Univariate logistic models and a decision tree were performed on 314 adequate biopsies to evaluate the impact of histological features on focal/diffuse classes. Removing class I/II (n=6) and € pure' class V (n=34), principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap were used to explore similarities among III, IVS and IVG biopsies either incorporating or not the mixed classes (+V, n=274). Finally, a method aimed at partitioning the cases into k clusters based on their similarity (KMeans), was used to study features from the cohort of € pure' class III/IVS/IVG cases (n=214) to determine alternative subdivisions based on phenotypic data. Results: Segmental endocapillary hypercellularity (EH) was prevalent in class III, global EH, wire loops, hyaline thrombi and double contours were hallmarks of class IVG, with IVS cases showing intermediate characteristics. Heatmap and PCA confirmed the segregation of these features among classes, showing better segregation for focal/diffuse LN as compared with the mixed classes (+V). KMeans revealed the presence of two main clusters, membranoproliferative-like (n=83) or vasculitis-like (n=131). Conclusions: This study reveals new phenotypic forms of LN surpassing the traditional classes as determined by the current classification. Future validation and confirmation are required to confirm these findings.

© 2017 The Authors. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) are a promising class of new antimicrobials, with multiple modes of action that are distinct from those of standard antibiotics. The relentless increase in antimicrobial resistance, exacerbated by a lack of new antibiotics, necessitates a better understanding of how such novel agents act and might be used synergistically with established antibiotics. This work aimed to understand the mechanism(s) underlying synergy between a manganese-based photoactivated carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (PhotoCORM), [Mn(CO) 3 (tpa-κ 3 N)]Br [tpa=tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine] , and various classes of antibiotics in their activities towards Escherichia coli EC958, a multi-drug-resistant uropathogen. The title compound acts synergistically with polymyxins [polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E)] by damaging the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. [Mn(CO) 3 (tpa-κ 3 N)]Br also potentiates the action of doxycycline, resulting in reduced expression of tetA, which encodes a tetracycline efflux pump. We show that, like tetracyclines, the breakdown products of [Mn(CO) 3 (tpa-κ 3 N)]Br activation chelate iron and trigger an iron starvation response, which we propose to be a further basis for the synergies observed. Conversely, media supplemented with excess iron abrogated the inhibition of growth by doxycycline and the title compound. In conclusion, multiple factors contribute to the ability of this PhotoCORM to increase the efficacy of antibiotics in the polymyxin and tetracycline families. We propose that light-activated carbon monoxide release is not the sole basis of the antimicrobial activities of [Mn(CO) 3 (tpa-κ 3 N)]Br.

Systemic amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is highly prevalent (34%) in endangered island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) and poses a risk to species recovery. Although elevated serum AA (SAA) from prolonged or recurrent inflammation predisposes to AA amyloidosis, additional risk factors are poorly understood. Here we define the severity of glomerular and medullary renal amyloid and identify risk factors for AA amyloidosis in 321 island foxes necropsied from 1987 through 2010. In affected kidneys, amyloid more commonly accumulated in the medullary interstitium than in the glomeruli (98% [n= 78 of 80] vs 56% [n= 45], respectively;P< .0001), and medullary deposition was more commonly severe (19% [n= 20 of 105]) as compared with glomeruli (7% [n= 7];P= .01). Univariate odds ratios (ORs) of severe renal AA amyloidosis were greater for short- and long-term captive foxes as compared with free-ranging foxes (ORs = 3.2, 3.7, respectively; overall P= .05) and for females as compared with males (OR = 2.9;P= .05). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that independent risk factors for amyloid development were increasing age class (OR = 3.8;P< .0001), San Clemente Island subspecies versus San Nicolas Island subspecies (OR = 5.3;P= .0003), captivity (OR = 5.1;P= .0001), and nephritis (OR = 2.3;P= .01). The increased risk associated with the San Clemente subspecies or captivity suggests roles for genetic as well as exogenous risk factors in the development of AA amyloidosis.

La escuela es promotor de las funciones básicas motrices del niño (expresión corporal, lenguaje, funciones cognitivas, orientación espacial, entre otras), es de considerar que la calidad en la buena enseñanza necesita de estrategias lúdicas e innovadoras que permitan la interacción entre los niños con su entorno social, esto a su vez genera espacios saludables y una aceptación a la diversidad manifestada en la variedad lingüística, social y cultural (SEP, 2011). El proyecto Aprendizaje, Cultura, Movimiento y Responsabilidad Social, es un trabajo colaborativo multidisciplinario que busca formar individuos responsables, éticos, de compromiso y profesionales en su campo de acción. En sentido general, establecer en el educando otra mirada en la relación educativa con la sociedad, una vinculación con la vida comunitaria. Se utilizó un método etnográfico de técnicas cualitativas, con el fin de analizar el comportamiento y la interacción entre los niños en su proceso de aprendizaje. El estudio se realiza en el ciclo escolar 2015-2 (Agosto-Diciembre) El papel fundamental de la escuela es la promoción de ambientes sanos y estilos de vida saludable. La implementación de estrategias recreativas tales como aprendizaje del arte, cultura, educación física e idiomas. Concluyendo, es imprescindible educar desde temprana edad a través de la promoción de la actividad física a nivel curricular en preescolar, como centro clave para mejora la calidad de vida en el desarrollo del niño y reconocer que la actividad física apoya y promueve la socialización, la afectividad, motricidad y aspectos de lenguaje que favorecen el proceso de aprendizaje del niño. La finalidad de este trabajo es presentar las nuevas dinámicas y tendencias de programa integradores en preescolar, esto es mejorar la capacidad coordinativa, la condición física, estimular habilidades motrices, desarrollar confianza y seguridad, hábitos saludables, actitudes positivas y sociales., The school is promoting the driving basic functions of the child (body language, language, cognitive functions, spatial orientation, etc.), it is considered that the quality of good teaching requires playful and innovative strategies that allow interaction among children with their social environment, which in turn generates healthy spaces and an acceptance of diversity manifested in the linguistic, social and cultural variety (SEP, 2011). Learning, Culture, Movement and Social Responsibility project is a multidisciplinary collaborative work that seeks to train individuals responsible, ethical commitment and professional in their field. In general, establish learner another look at the educational relationship with society, a link with community life. An ethnographic method of qualitative techniques in order to analyze the behavior and interaction among children in the learning process was used. The study was conducted in the 2015-2 school year (August to December) The fundamental role of the school is to promote healthy environments and healthy lifestyles. The implementation of recreational learning strategies such as art, culture, physical education and languages. In conclusion, it is essential to educate from an early age through the promotion of physical activity at preschool curriculum level as a key center for improving the quality of life in the child’s development and recognize that physical activity supports and promotes socialization, affective, motor and language aspects that favor the learning process of the child. The purpose of this paper is to present the new dynamics and trends of inclusive preschool program, this is to improve the coordinative ability, physical fitness, stimulate motor skills, build trust and confidence, healthy habits, and positive social attitudes.

La escuela es promotor de las funciones básicas motrices del niño (expresión corporal, lenguaje, funciones cognitivas, orientación espacial, entre otras), es de considerar que la calidad en la buena enseñanza necesita de estrategias lúdicas e innovadoras que permitan la interacción entre los niños con su entorno social, esto a su vez genera espacios saludables y una aceptación a la diversidad manifestada en la variedad lingüística, social y cultural (SEP, 2011). El proyecto Aprendizaje, Cultura, Movimiento y Responsabilidad Social, es un trabajo colaborativo multidisciplinario que busca formar individuos responsables, éticos, de compromiso y profesionales en su campo de acción. En sentido general, establecer en el educando otra mirada en la relación educativa con la sociedad, una vinculación con la vida comunitaria. Se utilizó un método etnográfico de técnicas cualitativas, con el fin de analizar el comportamiento y la interacción entre los niños en su proceso de aprendizaje. El estudio se realiza en el ciclo escolar 2015-2 (Agosto-Diciembre) El papel fundamental de la escuela es la promoción de ambientes sanos y estilos de vida saludable. La implementación de estrategias recreativas tales como aprendizaje del arte, cultura, educación física e idiomas. Concluyendo, es imprescindible educar desde temprana edad a través de la promoción de la actividad física a nivel curricular en preescolar, como centro clave para mejora la calidad de vida en el desarrollo del niño y reconocer que la actividad física apoya y promueve la socialización, la afectividad, motricidad y aspectos de lenguaje que favorecen el proceso de aprendizaje del niño. La finalidad de este trabajo es presentar las nuevas dinámicas y tendencias de programa integradores en preescolar, esto es mejorar la capacidad coordinativa, la condición física, estimular habilidades motrices, desarrollar confianza y seguridad, hábitos saludables, actitudes positivas y sociales., The school is promoting the driving basic functions of the child (body language, language, cognitive functions, spatial orientation, etc.), it is considered that the quality of good teaching requires playful and innovative strategies that allow interaction among children with their social environment, which in turn generates healthy spaces and an acceptance of diversity manifested in the linguistic, social and cultural variety (SEP, 2011). Learning, Culture, Movement and Social Responsibility project is a multidisciplinary collaborative work that seeks to train individuals responsible, ethical commitment and professional in their field. In general, establish learner another look at the educational relationship with society, a link with community life. An ethnographic method of qualitative techniques in order to analyze the behavior and interaction among children in the learning process was used. The study was conducted in the 2015-2 school year (August to December) The fundamental role of the school is to promote healthy environments and healthy lifestyles. The implementation of recreational learning strategies such as art, culture, physical education and languages. In conclusion, it is essential to educate from an early age through the promotion of physical activity at preschool curriculum level as a key center for improving the quality of life in the child’s development and recognize that physical activity supports and promotes socialization, affective, motor and language aspects that favor the learning process of the child. The purpose of this paper is to present the new dynamics and trends of inclusive preschool program, this is to improve the coordinative ability, physical fitness, stimulate motor skills, build trust and confidence, healthy habits, and positive social attitudes.

A bioinformatics survey of putative globins in over 2200 bacterial and some 140 archaeal genomes revealed that over half the bacterial and approximately one fifth of archaeal genomes contain genes encoding globins that were classified into three families: the M (myoglobin-like), and S (sensor) families all exhibiting the canonical 3/3 myoglobin fold, and the T family (truncated myoglobin fold). Although the M family comprises 2 subfamilies, flavohemoglobins (FHbs) and single domain globins (SDgbs), the S family encompasses chimeric globincoupled sensors (GCSs) and single domain Pgbs (protoglobins) and SSDgbs (sensor single domain globins). The T family comprises three classes TrHb1s,TrHb2s and TrHb3s, characterized by the abbreviated 2/2 myoglobin fold. The Archaea contain only Pgbs, GCSs and TrHb1s. The smallest globin-bearing genomes are the streamlined genomes (~1.3 Mbp) of the SAR11 clade of alphaproteobacteria and the slightly larger (ca. 1.7 Mbp) genomes of Aquificae. The smallest genome with members of all three families is the 2.3 Mbp genome of the extremophile Methylacidiphilum infernorum (Verrumicrobia). Of the 147 possible combinations of the eight globin subfamilies, only 83 are observed. Although binary combinations are infrequent and ternary combinations are rare,the FHb+TrHb2 combination is the most commonly observed. Of the possible functions of bacterial globins we discuss the two principal ones - nitric oxide detoxification via the NO dioxygenase or denitrosylase activities and the sensing of oxygen concentration in the environmental niche. In only few cases a physiological role has been demonstrated in vivo.