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Background: The quality of life of women affected by breast cancer diagnosed 5 or more years ago has been relatively unexplored in Spain; there are no instruments for its measurement validated. The objective of the study is to translate into Spanish, culturally adapt and examine the content validity of the Spanish version of the Long- Term Quality of Life Instrument (LTQL). Methods: The initial translation was performed by two translators with Spanish as their mother tongue carried out the translation of the questionnaire, obtaining two initial versions in Spanish (T1 and T2). An analysis of the results and elaboration of a single preliminary version in Spanish (T-1-2) were performed. The retro-translation was performed by two translators with English as their mother tongue not familiar with the original version translated the joint version (T-1-2) back into the original language (RT1 and RT2) to identify inconsistencies. Finally, a final version of the questionnaire was obtained. For content validation a committee of experts (seven women affected by breast cancer) assessed the degree of clarity, accuracy and understanding of each of the items in the questionnaire translated into Spanish, and calculated the content validity index (CVI) of the questionnaire according to Lawshe and Tristán. Results: The LTQL questionnaire was translated into Spanish with a low discrepancy between translators. An adequate CVI higher than 0.58 was obtained in clarity (0.95), precision (0.93), comprehension (0.91) and relevance (0.72). Conclusions: The LTQL is a useful questionnaire in the health field for the assessment of quality of life of women survivors of long-term breast cancer., Fundamentos: La calidad de vida de mujeres afectadas de cáncer de mama diagnosticadas hace 5 o más años ha sido relativamente poco explorada en España, no existen instrumentos para su medida validados. El objetivo del estudio fue traducir al castellano, adaptar culturalmente y examinar la validez de contenido del cuestionario Long-Term Quality of Life Instrument (LTQL). Métodos: La traducción inicial fue realizada por dos traductores con castellano como lengua materna que tradujeron independientemente el cuestionario (versiones T1 y T2). Se realizó un análisis de los resultados y se elaboró una única versión preliminar en castellano (T-1-2). La retrotraducción se realizó por dos traductores con inglés como lengua materna que tradujeron independientemente la versión conjunta (T-1-2) al idioma original (RT1 y RT2) para identificar inconsistencias. Finalmente, se obtuvo una versión final del cuestionario. Para la validación de contenido se constituyó un comité de expertas (siete mujeres afectadas de cáncer de mama) que valoró el grado de claridad, precisión, comprensión y relevancia de cada uno de los ítems del cuestionario traducido al castellano y se calculó el índice de validez de contenido (CVI) del cuestionario según Lawshe y Tristán. Resultados: Se tradujo el cuestionario LTQL al castellano con una baja discrepancia entre los traductores. Se obtuvo un CVI adecuado mayor de 0,58 en claridad (0,95), precisión (0,93), comprensión (0,91) y relevancia (0,72). Conclusiones: El LTQL en un cuestionario de utilidad en el campo de la salud para la evaluación de la calidad de vida de mujeres supervivientes de cáncer de mama de larga duración.

Self-management education is a fundamental aspect in the health care of people with diabetes to develop the necessary skills for the improvement of health outcomes. Patients are required to have the competencies to manage electronic information resources-that is, an appropriate level of digital health literacy. The European project IC-Health aimed to improve digital health literacy among people with diabetes through the cocreation of massive open online courses (MOOCs). We report the preliminary results obtained in 3 participating countries in the IC-Health project (Italy, Spain, and Sweden) regarding (1) experience of the participants during the cocreation process of MOOCs, (2) perceived changes in their digital health literacy level after using MOOCs, and (3) a preliminary assessment of the acceptability of MOOCs. The cocreation of the MOOCs included focus groups with adults and adolescents with diabetes and the creation of independent communities of practice for type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes participants aimed to co-design the MOOCs. Quantitative measures of the acceptability of MOOCs, experience in the cocreation process, and increase in digital health literacy (dimensions of finding, understanding, and appraisal) were assessed. A total of 28 participants with diabetes participated in focus groups. Adults and adolescents agreed that the internet is a secondary source of health-related information. A total of 149 participants comprised the diabetes communities of practice. A total of 9 MOOCs were developed. Acceptability of the MOOCs and the cocreation experience were positively valued. There was a significant improvement in digital health literacy in both adults and adolescents after using MOOCs (P<.001). Although the results presented on self-perceived digital health literacy are preliminary and exploratory, this pilot study suggests that IC-Health MOOCs represent a promising tool for the medical care of diabetes, being able to help reduce the limitations

[Abstract] Long-term cocaine use is associated with cognitive deficits and neuro-psychiatric pathologies. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an emerging therapeutic strategy relating to changes in brain activity. It stimulates the prefrontal cortex and is involved in inhibitory cognitive control, decision making and care. This systematic review aims to evaluate and synthesize the evidence on the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of rTMS for the treatment of cocaine addiction. A systematic review of the literature was carried out. The following electronic databases were consulted from inception to October 2020: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science. Randomised controlled trials, non-randomised controlled trials and case-series and full economic evaluations were included. Twelve studies were included. No identified study reported data on cost-effectiveness. Significant results of the efficacy of TMS have been observed in terms of the reduction of craving to consume and the number of doses consumed. No serious adverse effects have been observed. Despite the low quality of the studies, the first results were observed in terms of reduction of cocaine use and craving. In any case, this effect is considered moderate. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are required.

Virtual Communities of Practices (vCoP) offer patients the possibility to interact and share tools and knowledge necessary for their empowerment. This paper describes the co-design process of a vCoP for the empowerment of people with ischemic heart disease (IHD). We used a modified experience-based design approach to co-design the vCoP in collaboration with people with IHD and health professionals consisting of two phases: exploratory and development phase. Data collection techniques included listening labs, workshops, and online participation. Twenty-five people with IHD and ten health professionals participated. Experiences and needs for empowerment in IHD were identified in the exploratory phase allowing for the development of a Patient Journey Map. In the development phase, people with IHD prioritized needs to be addressed by the vCoP content framework in addition to content proposals. The Patient Journey Map helped to easily visualize the empowerment needs of people with IHD and it might be transferable for the development of other people-centred interventions. The co-design process also allowed the development of training materials adapted to the priorities of people with IHD. A people-centred co-design process of a vCoP may facilitate the empowerment of people with IHD.

Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) or knowledge-sharing virtual communities offer ubiquitous access to information and exchange possibilities for people in similar situations, which might be especially valuable for the self-management of patients with chronic diseases. In view of the scarce evidence on the clinical and economic impact of these interventions on chronic conditions, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a VCoP in the improvement of the activation and other patient empowerment measures in patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). A pragmatic randomised controlled trial will be performed in Catalonia, Madrid and Canary Islands, Spain. Two hundred and fifty patients with a recent diagnosis of IHD attending the participating centres will be selected and randomised to the intervention or control group. The intervention group will be offered participation for 12 months in a VCoP based on a gamified web 2.0 platform where there is interaction with other patients and a multidisciplinary professional team. Intervention and control groups will receive usual care. The primary outcome will be measured with the Patient Activation Measure questionnaire at baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months. Secondary outcomes will include: clinical variables; knowledge (Questionnaire of Cardiovascular Risk Factors), attitudes (Self-efficacy Managing Chronic Disease Scale), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire), level of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), anxiety (Hospital Anxiety Scale-A), medication adherence (Adherence to Refill Medication Scale), quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) and health resources use. Data will be collected from self-reported questionnaires and electronic medical records. The trial was approved by Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Gregorio Marañón University Hospital in Madrid, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Hospital in

This qualitative study evaluates a decision aid that includes the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening and analyses women's perception of the information received and healthcare professionals' perceptions of the convenience of providing it. Seven focus groups of women aged 40-69 years (n = 39) and two groups of healthcare professionals (n = 23) were conducted in Catalonia and the Canary Islands. The focus groups consisted of guided discussions regarding decision-making about breast cancer screening, and acceptability and feasibility of the decision aid. A content analysis was performed. Women positively value receiving information regarding the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening. Several women had difficulties understanding some concepts, especially those regarding overdiagnosis. Women preferred to share the decisions on screening with healthcare professionals. The professionals noted the lack of inclusion of some harms and benefits in the decision aid, and proposed improving the clarity of the statistical information. The information on overdiagnosis generates confusion among women and controversy among professionals. Faced with the new information presented by the decision aid, the majority of women prefer shared decision-making; however, its feasibility might be limited by a lack of knowledge and attitudes of rejection from healthcare professionals.© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The decision to participate or not in breast cancer screening is complex due to the trade-off between the expected benefit of breast cancer mortality reduction and the major harm of overdiagnosis. It seems ethically necessary to inform women so that they can actively participate in decision-making and make an informed choice based on their values and preferences. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of receiving information about the benefits and harms of screening on decision-making, in women approaching the age of invitation to mammography screening.A two-stage, randomized controlled trial (RCT). In the first stage, 40 Basic Health Areas (BHAs) will be selected and randomized to intervention or control. In the second stage, women within each BHA will be randomly selected (n?=?400). Four breast cancer screening programs (BCSPs) of the Spanish public health system, three in Catalonia and one in the Canary Islands will participate in the study. Women in the intervention arm will receive a leaflet with detailed information on the benefits and harms of screening using mammography. Women in the control arm will receive a standard leaflet that does not mention harms and recommends accepting the invitation to participate in the biennial examinations of the BCSP. The primary outcome is informed choice, a dichotomous variable that combines knowledge, attitudes, and intentions. Secondary outcomes include decisional conflict; confidence in the decision made; anxiety about screening participation; worry about breast cancer; anticipated regret; time perspective; perceived importance of benefits/harms of screening; perceived risk of breast cancer; and leaflet acceptability. Primary and secondary outcomes are assessed 2-3 weeks after the intervention.This is the first

Development communication is increasingly engaged in a professionalisation process. Cooperation agents (from multilateral agencies to NGOs) and mass media are dedicating more and more space and resources to hunger, sustainable development or health issues. Information treatment and development communication strategies that are being used are complex and require higher knowledge from professionals. Development academics have been involved in theoretical debates away from professional practise. This article explores the relationship between university and communication development professional practise, analysing possible synergies and consensus that can promote more democratic and ambiently, socially and culturally fairer societies., La comunicación en el ámbito del desarrollo está embarcada en un proceso creciente de profesionalización. Tanto los agentes de cooperación (agencias multilaterales o estatales, ONGD, etc.) como los medios de comunicación están dedicando más espacio y recursos a la comunicación de temas como el hambre, el desarrollo sostenible... El tratamiento de la información y las estrategias de comunicación se hacen más complejas y requieren de un mayor conocimiento por parte de los profesionales dedicados a ello. La academia, por su parte, se dedica al desarrollo teórico crítico, y los debates intelectuales se alejan en general de la realidad profesional pero mantienen una visión crítica en busca de un desarrollo más justo. Este artículo explora las relaciones entre la universidad y la práctica en el ámbito de la comunicación para el desarrollo y analiza las posibles sinergias y consensos que puedan servir para promover sociedades más democrática, ambiental, social y culturalmente justas., La communication dans le domaine du développement est engagée dans un processus de professionnalisation. Les deux agents de la coopération (organismes multilatéraux ou d’États, ONG, etc.) et les médias consacrent de plus en plus d’espace et de ressources pour les themes de communication et developpement comme la faim, le développement durable... Le traitement des stratégies d’information et de communication et chaque fois plus complexe et éxige une meilleure compréhension des professionnels à cela dédiés. L’Académie, pour sa part, s’occupe au développement théorique critique et aux débats intellectuelles, généralement loin de la réalité professionnelle, mais tout à l’heure soutiennt unpoint de vue critique à la recherche d’un développement plus équitable. Cet article explore la relation entre l’université et de la pratique dans le domaine de la communication pour le développement et analyse des potentiels de synergies et de consensus qui peuvent servir à promouvoir des sociétés plus démocratiques, environnementales, sociales et équitables sur le plan culturel.

Saturno devora a sus hijos. Miradas críticas sobre el desarrollo y sus promesas es una compilación de artículos que actualiza el análisis antropológico sobre las prácticas y discursos del desarrollo. La participación de la antropología en el desarrollo tiene un muy largo recorrido que ha estado dominado desde la década de los noventa por una visión postestructuralista. Esta perspectiva constituye también el punto de partida de este libro.

Saturno devora a sus hijos. Miradas críticas sobre el desarrollo y sus promesas es una compilación de artículos que actualiza el análisis antropológico sobre las prácticas y discursos del desarrollo. La participación de la antropología en el desarrollo tiene un muy largo recorrido que ha estado dominado desde la década de los noventa por una visión postestructuralista. Esta perspectiva constituye también el punto de partida de este libro.

Ana Toledo analiza como una organización de base, la Unión General Obrera Campesina y Popular, readapta discursos del ámbito global al local en el contexto de la definición de agendas locales de desarrollo.

Ana Toledo analiza como una organización de base, la Unión General Obrera Campesina y Popular, readapta discursos del ámbito global al local en el contexto de la definición de agendas locales de desarrollo.

Ana Toledo analiza como una organización de base, la Unión General Obrera Campesina y Popular, readapta discursos del ámbito global al local en el contexto de la definición de agendas locales de desarrollo.

Ana Toledo analiza como una organización de base, la Unión General Obrera Campesina y Popular, readapta discursos del ámbito global al local en el contexto de la definición de agendas locales de desarrollo.

La nueva edición de la revista Política y Sociedad dedica su primer número de 2009 al análisis de la sexualidad. Raquel Osborne coordina esta edición que reúne doce textos sobre el tema (además de algunos artículos y reseñas diversas) bajo el título Sexualidades y derechos en el siglo XXI. Este volumen realiza un recorrido temático e histórico mucho más extenso de lo que el título puede recoger.

La nueva edición de la revista Política y Sociedad dedica su primer número de 2009 al análisis de la sexualidad. Raquel Osborne coordina esta edición que reúne doce textos sobre el tema (además de algunos artículos y reseñas diversas) bajo el título Sexualidades y derechos en el siglo XXI. Este volumen realiza un recorrido temático e histórico mucho más extenso de lo que el título puede recoger.

El seminario ¿Nuevas pistas en antropología del desarrollo¿ formó parte de las actividades de revisión anuales que se organizaron en L'Ecole de Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS). En esta ocasión, Jean Pierre Olivier de Sardan fue el encargado de dirigir este encuentro que pretendía describir las transformaciones ocurridas en las formas de ayuda al desarrollo y en las interacciones entre instituciones de desarrollo y las poblaciones destinatarias.

El seminario ¿Nuevas pistas en antropología del desarrollo¿ formó parte de las actividades de revisión anuales que se organizaron en L'Ecole de Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS). En esta ocasión, Jean Pierre Olivier de Sardan fue el encargado de dirigir este encuentro que pretendía describir las transformaciones ocurridas en las formas de ayuda al desarrollo y en las interacciones entre instituciones de desarrollo y las poblaciones destinatarias.