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Introduction: The main factors associated with overweight in children are poor diet, low physical activity and the early introduction of processed foods in their diet. Poor diet is mainly associated with high consumption of industrialized foods and low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Objective: To identify the influence of processed food consumption on the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative research, carried out with 25 children aged 6 to 12 years and their respective parents from a private school in the city of Campo Grande-MS in 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was prepared for parents, in which they answered about their child's diet and sociodemographic data. Results: It was observed that 40% of the children were eutrophic and 52% were overweight. Regarding food consumption, it was observed that 40% did not consume vegetables and 32% did not consume vegetables. With regard to the consumption of processed foods, 32% consumed sweets on a daily basis and 64% consumed "petit suisse" type yogurt on a weekly basis. Discussion: Other studies show that overweight and obesity affect more than 20% of children in Brazilian cities. Conclusion: The results of the studies pointed out that overweight is an increasingly frequent problem in children and that the high consumption of processed foods and lower consumption of vegetables and greens are correlated with this condition., Introdução: Os principais fatores associados ao excesso de peso infantil são a má alimentação, a baixa prática de exercícios físicos e a introdução precoce de alimentos industrializados em sua dieta. A má alimentação está associada, principalmente ao alto consumo de alimentos industrializados e baixo consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes. Objetivo: Identificar a influência do consumo de alimentos industrializados na prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa do tipo quantitativa descritiva transversal, realizada com 25 crianças de 6 a 12 anos e seus respectivos pais de uma escola privada da cidade de Campo Grande-MS em 2022. Foi elaborado um questionário autoaplicável para os pais, na qual responderam sobre a alimentação e os dados sociodemográficos do seu filho. Resultados: Observou-se que 40% das crianças estavam eutróficas e 52% apresentavam excesso de peso. Sobre o consumo alimentar, observou-se que 40% não consumiam verduras e 32% não consumiam legumes. Com relação ao consumo de alimentos industrializados, 32% consumiam doces diariamente e 64% consumiam iogurte tipo “petit suisse” semanalmente. Discussão: Outros estudos mostram que o sobrepeso e a obesidade atingem mais de 20% das crianças de diversas cidades brasileiras. Conclusão: Os resultados dos estudos apontaram que o excesso de peso é um problema cada vez mais frequente nas crianças e que o alto consumo de alimentos industrializados e menor consumo de legumes e verduras estão correlacionados com esta condição.

The human resource (HR) domain contains various types of privacy-sensitive textual data, such as e-mail correspondence and performance appraisal. Doing research on these documents brings several challenges, one of them anonymisation. In this paper, we evaluate the current Dutch text de-identification methods for the HR domain in three steps. First, by updating one of these methods with the latest named entity recognition (NER) models. The result is that the NER model based on the CoNLL 2002 corpus in combination with the BERTje transformer give the best combination for suppressing persons (recall 0.94) and locations (recall 0.82). For suppressing gender, DEDUCE is performing best (recall 0.53). Second NER evaluation is based on both strict de-identification of entities (a person must be suppressed as a person) and third evaluation on a loose sense of de-identification (no matter what how a person is suppressed, as long it is suppressed).

In the Andean mountains of southern Ecuador there are areas occupied by high Andean secondary forests as a consequence of anthropic activities. Here we identify different secondary forest communities located over 2900 m a.s.l, based on its floristic similarity. In each community, floristic composition was described by the total exclusive and shared species. Estimation curves were used to provide richness and diversity metrics. The structure was analyzed according to abundance and basal area. In addition, we evaluated the role of environmental variables in floristic conformation and structure through principal components and the redundancy analysis. Three forest communities were identified. Community, located at high altitude and low temperature, had the highest value of diversity and basal area. Variation in species composition was explained by climatic and geographic variables, density by soil and climatic variables, and basal area by topographic variables. Species richness and basal area did not present an altitudinal distribution pattern similar to those from other Andean tropical forests. Therefore, the floristic variation, species richness and basal area seem to be explained by the chronological age of secondary succession, as evidenced by the indicator species belonging to different ecological groups. We concluded that the floristic composition, richness and structure of vegetation in forest communities of high Andean secondary forests are influenced by climatic, topographic, physiographic and geographic variables related to the age of succession.

BACKGROUND: South Africa has over 6,000,000 HIV infected individuals and the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is the most severely affected. As public health initiatives to better control the HIV epidemic are implemented, timely, detailed and robust surveillance data are needed to monitor, evaluate and inform the programmatic interventions and policies over time. We describe the rationale and design of the HIV Incidence Provincial Surveillance System (HIPSS) to monitor HIV prevalence and incidence. METHODS/DESIGN: The household-based survey will include a sample of men and women from two sub-districts of the uMgungundlovu municipality (Vulindlela and the Greater Edendale) of KZN, South Africa. The study is designed as two sequential cross-sectional surveys of 10,000 randomly selected individuals aged 15-49 years to be conducted one year apart. From the cross sectional surveys, two sequential cohorts of HIV negative individuals aged 15-35 years will be followed-up one year later to measure the primary outcome of HIV incidence. Secondary outcomes include the laboratory measurements for pulmonary tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections and evaluating tests for estimating population-level HIV incidence. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) access, HIV-1 RNA viral load, and CD4 cell counts in HIV positive individuals will assess the effectiveness of the HIV treatment cascade. Household and individual-level socio-demographic characteristics, exposure to HIV programmatic interventions and risk behaviours will be assessed as predictors of HIV incidence. The incidence rate ratio of the two cohorts will be calculated to quantify the change in HIV incidence between consecutive samples. In anticipation of better availability of population-level HIV prevention and treatment programmes leading to decreases in HIV incidence, the sample size provides 84% power to detect a reduction of 30% in the HIV incidence rate between surveys. DISCUSSION: The results from HIPSS will provide critic

Refraction and tomography surveys were used with good results for rock mass damage classification in pillars in the El Teniente underground mine. The panel caving system is used and the damage is caused by the advancing caving front in hard primary ore prone to rock bursts. Seismic refraction was an efficient method for sampling large distances of tunnel in a short period of time and did not suffer from mine development noise. Tomography was an effective diagnostic tool for showing the differences in rock quality in individual pillars. Zones of low velocity indicate damage, while high velocities indicate good rock quality and applied stress., Refraction and tomography surveys were used with good results for rock mass damage classification in pillars in the El Teniente underground mine. The panel caving system is used and the damage is caused by the advancing caving front in hard primary ore prone to rock bursts. Seismic refraction was an efficient method for sampling large distances of tunnel in a short period of time and did not suffer from mine development noise. Tomography was an effective diagnostic tool for showing the differences in rock quality in individual pillars. Zones of low velocity indicate damage, while high velocities indicate good rock quality and applied stress.