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1. Causes, Consequences, and Treatments of Sleep and Circadian Disruption in the ICU: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.

Author

Knauert, MP, Ayas, NT, Bosma, KJ, Drouot, X, Heavner, MS, Owens, RL, Watson, PL, Wilcox, ME, Anderson, BJ, Cordoza, ML, Devlin, JW, Elliott, R, Gehlbach, BK, Girard, TD, Kamdar, BB, Korwin, AS, Lusczek, ER, Parthasarathy, S, Spies, C, Sunderram, J, Telias, I, Weinhouse, GL, Zee, PC, Knauert, MP, Ayas, NT, Bosma, KJ, Drouot, X, Heavner, MS, Owens, RL, Watson, PL, Wilcox, ME, Anderson, BJ, Cordoza, ML, Devlin, JW, Elliott, R, Gehlbach, BK, Girard, TD, Kamdar, BB, Korwin, AS, Lusczek, ER, Parthasarathy, S, Spies, C, Sunderram, J, Telias, I, Weinhouse, GL, and Zee, PC

Abstract

Background: Sleep and circadian disruption (SCD) is common and severe in the ICU. On the basis of rigorous evidence in non-ICU populations and emerging evidence in ICU populations, SCD is likely to have a profound negative impact on patient outcomes. Thus, it is urgent that we establish research priorities to advance understanding of ICU SCD. Methods: We convened a multidisciplinary group with relevant expertise to participate in an American Thoracic Society Workshop. Workshop objectives included identifying ICU SCD subtopics of interest, key knowledge gaps, and research priorities. Members attended remote sessions from March to November 2021. Recorded presentations were prepared and viewed by members before Workshop sessions. Workshop discussion focused on key gaps and related research priorities. The priorities listed herein were selected on the basis of rank as established by a series of anonymous surveys. Results: We identified the following research priorities: establish an ICU SCD definition, further develop rigorous and feasible ICU SCD measures, test associations between ICU SCD domains and outcomes, promote the inclusion of mechanistic and patient-centered outcomes within large clinical studies, leverage implementation science strategies to maximize intervention fidelity and sustainability, and collaborate among investigators to harmonize methods and promote multisite investigation. Conclusions: ICU SCD is a complex and compelling potential target for improving ICU outcomes. Given the influence on all other research priorities, further development of rigorous, feasible ICU SCD measurement is a key next step in advancing the field.

Published
2023

2. Minimally invasive procedures in the early stages of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis Denervation, arthroscopy and autologous fat transplantation

Author

Hohendorff, B., Neubrech, F., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Neubrech, F., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

Background Resection arthroplasty of the trapezium with or without tendon interposition is the standard procedure in the treatment of advanced, symptomatic thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Treatment recommendation in the early stages without visible or minimal radiographic changes is often difficult, especially when conservative treatment methods have already been exhausted. In these cases, there is the possibility of the minimally invasive methods of denervation, arthroscopic procedures and autologous fat transplantation. Objectives Which minimally invasive procedures are available for the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis and how is their value to be assessed? Methods The minimally invasive methods of denervation, arthroscopic procedures and autologous fat transplantation for the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis are described and current results from the literature are discussed. Results Good results have been reported with all three procedures. However, the reports are almost exclusively based on retrospective studies with small numbers of patients, which lack control groups, so the results cannot be regarded as definitive. Conclusions Denervation, arthroscopic procedures and autologous fat transplantation appear to be suitable methods in the early stages of thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Further studies, especially comparative randomised trials that report medium and long-term results, would allow further assessment of these methods.

Published
2022

3. Diagnostic accuracy of wrist MRI in comparison to wrist arthroscopy regarding TFCC lesions in clinical practice

Author

Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Bruckner, T., Mueller, L., Eysel, P., Rau, J., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Bruckner, T., Mueller, L., Eysel, P., and Rau, J.

Abstract

Introduction The purpose of this study was to arthroscopically verify MRI diagnostic accuracy for triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions in a regular clinical environment. Methods A total of 859 patients' data with both preoperative MRI of the wrist and additional wrist arthroscopy were retrospectively reviewed. Two board-certified hand surgeons and one orthopaedic surgeon executed wrist arthroscopy, whereas more than 100 radiologists examined the MRI of the wrist. The accordance of TFCC lesion classification using MRI in comparison to wrist arthroscopy and diagnostic precision of the former depending on technical details were evaluated. Results Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for TFCC lesions is poor in comparison to wrist arthroscopy as the reference standard. Technical specifications for MRI of the wrist are heterogeneous among the radiologists. These parameters have not improved accuracy of TFCC evaluation at large. Conclusion The accuracy of MRI in a regular clinical environment still remains inferior to wrist arthroscopy for detection of TFCC lesions. Development of a standard MRI protocol may be implemented on a regular basis and application of the Palmer classification for TFCC lesion should be sought.

Published
2022

4. Mid- to long-term functional results after Bowers' hemiresection interposition arthroplasty of the distal radio-ulnar joint

Author

Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Bruckner, T., Mueller, L. P., Eysel, P., Seker, M., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Bruckner, T., Mueller, L. P., Eysel, P., and Seker, M.

Abstract

Background Bowers' hemiresection interposition arthroplasty of the distal radio-ulnar joint has been performed for decades, mainly for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the distal radio-ulnar joint. However, long-term test results are sparse. Objective Evaluation of a homogeneous patient population following a mid- to long-term postoperative follow-up interval after hemiresection interposition arthroplasty. Patients and methods Twenty-five patients were evaluated 77.2 (+/- 34.6) months after surgical therapy with regard to range of motion, grip strength and pain level. The subjective and objective scores DASH (Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) and MMWS (modified Mayo Wrist Score) were collected. Results Wrist mobility is not worse than 10.4 degrees in relation to all directions of wrist movement compared with the healthy opposite side. Coarse grip strength is reduced by an average of 5.8 kg compared with the opposite side. The pain level decreased on average from 8.2 preoperatively to 1.8 postoperatively. Postoperatively, 22 patients (88 %) had a stable distal radio-ulnar joint. At the time of follow-up DASH averaged 26.7 (+/- 21.4) and the MMWS averaged 78 (+/- 15.7). Discussion Hemiresection interposition arthroplasty is a reliable and safe surgical technique with good subjective and functional outcomes in the mid- to long-term.

Published
2022

5. Design of Clinical Trials Evaluating Sedation in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: Recommendations from Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research (SCEPTER) Recommendation III.

Author

Ward D.S., Absalom A.R., Aitken L.M., Balas M.C., Brown D.L., Burry L., Colantuoni E., Coursin D., Devlin J.W., Dexter F., Dworkin R.H., Egan T.D., Elliott D., Egerod I., Flood P., Fraser G.L., Girard T.D., Gozal D., Hopkins R.O., Kress J., Maze M., Needham D.M., Pandharipande P., Riker R., Sessler D.I., Shafer S.L., Shehabi Y., Spies C., Sun L.S., Tung A., Urman R.D., Ward D.S., Absalom A.R., Aitken L.M., Balas M.C., Brown D.L., Burry L., Colantuoni E., Coursin D., Devlin J.W., Dexter F., Dworkin R.H., Egan T.D., Elliott D., Egerod I., Flood P., Fraser G.L., Girard T.D., Gozal D., Hopkins R.O., Kress J., Maze M., Needham D.M., Pandharipande P., Riker R., Sessler D.I., Shafer S.L., Shehabi Y., Spies C., Sun L.S., Tung A., and Urman R.D.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of sedative medication use in critically ill adults undergoing mechanical ventilation differ considerably in their methodological approach. This heterogeneity impedes the ability to compare results across studies. The Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research Recommendations convened a meeting of multidisciplinary experts to develop recommendations for key methodologic elements of sedation trials in the ICU to help guide academic and industry clinical investigators. DESIGN: A 2-day in-person meeting was held in Washington, DC, on March 28-29, 2019, followed by a three-round, online modified Delphi consensus process. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six participants from academia, industry, and the Food and Drug Administration with expertise in relevant content areas, including two former ICU patients attended the in-person meeting, and the majority completed an online follow-up survey and participated in the modified Delphi process. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The final recommendations were iteratively refined based on the survey results, participants' reactions to those results, summaries written by panel moderators, and a review of the meeting transcripts made from audio recordings. Fifteen recommendations were developed for study design and conduct, subject enrollment, outcomes, and measurement instruments. Consensus recommendations included obtaining input from ICU survivors and/or their families, ensuring adequate training for personnel using validated instruments for assessments of sedation, pain, and delirium in the ICU environment, and the need for methodological standardization. CONCLUSION(S): These recommendations are intended to assist researchers in the design, conduct, selection of endpoints, and reporting of clinical trials involving sedative medications and/or sedation protocols for adult ICU patients who require mechanical ventilation. These recomm

Published
2021

6. Design of Clinical Trials Evaluating Sedation in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: Recommendations from Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research (SCEPTER) Recommendation III.

Author

Ward D.S., Absalom A.R., Aitken L.M., Balas M.C., Brown D.L., Burry L., Colantuoni E., Coursin D., Devlin J.W., Dexter F., Dworkin R.H., Egan T.D., Elliott D., Egerod I., Flood P., Fraser G.L., Girard T.D., Gozal D., Hopkins R.O., Kress J., Maze M., Needham D.M., Pandharipande P., Riker R., Sessler D.I., Shafer S.L., Shehabi Y., Spies C., Sun L.S., Tung A., Urman R.D., Ward D.S., Absalom A.R., Aitken L.M., Balas M.C., Brown D.L., Burry L., Colantuoni E., Coursin D., Devlin J.W., Dexter F., Dworkin R.H., Egan T.D., Elliott D., Egerod I., Flood P., Fraser G.L., Girard T.D., Gozal D., Hopkins R.O., Kress J., Maze M., Needham D.M., Pandharipande P., Riker R., Sessler D.I., Shafer S.L., Shehabi Y., Spies C., Sun L.S., Tung A., and Urman R.D.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of sedative medication use in critically ill adults undergoing mechanical ventilation differ considerably in their methodological approach. This heterogeneity impedes the ability to compare results across studies. The Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research Recommendations convened a meeting of multidisciplinary experts to develop recommendations for key methodologic elements of sedation trials in the ICU to help guide academic and industry clinical investigators. DESIGN: A 2-day in-person meeting was held in Washington, DC, on March 28-29, 2019, followed by a three-round, online modified Delphi consensus process. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six participants from academia, industry, and the Food and Drug Administration with expertise in relevant content areas, including two former ICU patients attended the in-person meeting, and the majority completed an online follow-up survey and participated in the modified Delphi process. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The final recommendations were iteratively refined based on the survey results, participants' reactions to those results, summaries written by panel moderators, and a review of the meeting transcripts made from audio recordings. Fifteen recommendations were developed for study design and conduct, subject enrollment, outcomes, and measurement instruments. Consensus recommendations included obtaining input from ICU survivors and/or their families, ensuring adequate training for personnel using validated instruments for assessments of sedation, pain, and delirium in the ICU environment, and the need for methodological standardization. CONCLUSION(S): These recommendations are intended to assist researchers in the design, conduct, selection of endpoints, and reporting of clinical trials involving sedative medications and/or sedation protocols for adult ICU patients who require mechanical ventilation. These recomm

Published
2021

7. Long-term outcome after arthroscopic debridement of Palmer type 2C central degenerative lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex

Author

Spies, C. K., Bruckner, T., Muller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Eysel, P., Low, S., Filbert, M. J., Spies, C. K., Bruckner, T., Muller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Eysel, P., Low, S., and Filbert, M. J.

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to report long-term objective and patient-reported outcome after arthroscopic debridement of central degenerative triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions. Methods A total of 17 patients with central degenerative TFCC (Palmer type 2C) lesions and ulnar positive variance who were treated by arthroscopic debridement were retrospectively reviewed. Mean follow-up was 8.8 years. Assessment facilitating the Modified Mayo Wrist score (MMWS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH score), recording of pain level and of patient satisfaction, and radiological examination were done. Results Patients reached a pain level of 1.7 VAS, MMW score of 92, and DASH score of 22. No significant differences could be detected between the operated and the contralateral extremity regarding range of motion and grip strength for all patients. No perioperative complications occurred. Conclusion Arthroscopic debridement of central degenerative TFCC lesions is safe, reliable, and efficacious even for ulnar positive variance.

Published
2021

8. Viscoelastic properties of the human A2 finger pulley

Author

Spies, C. K., Heuvens, J., Langer, M. F., Eysel, P., Mueller, L. P., Grevenstein, D., Oppermann, J., Spies, C. K., Heuvens, J., Langer, M. F., Eysel, P., Mueller, L. P., Grevenstein, D., and Oppermann, J.

Abstract

Introduction Biomechanical evaluation of the viscoelastic properties tissue deformation, stiffness, and maximum breaking load of the human A2 pulley. We hypothesized that the A2 pulleys of index, middle, and ring fingers exhibit no difference regarding the aforementioned biomechanical parameters. Methods Forty-one A2 pulleys of 14 upper extremities (8 body donors) were assessed. Cyclic and load-to-failure testing were performed. The biomechanical parameters tissue deformation during cyclic and load-to-failure testing, stiffness, and maximum breaking load were determined. Results No significant differences between the fingers could be detected regarding the biomechanical parameters. A significant negative correlation could be detected between stiffness and deformation of the pulley. Significant positive correlations could be identified between stiffness and maximum breaking load and between maximum breaking load and deformation of the pulleys. Conclusions Assessment of the viscoelastic properties of the A2 finger pulley promotes precise diagnosis of pulley lesions and will help to optimize treatment.

Published
2021

9. The distinctive attributes of registered nurses in a South African military context

Author

April, Karen Ann, Spies, C., April, Karen Ann, and Spies, C.

Abstract

Registered nurses who work in the military have the dual role of being both a soldier and a nurse. This unique situation has prompted research about the attributes necessary for them to fulfil their roles. Besides providing general day-to-day nursing care, the reality of unrest in South Africa, terrorism, natural and human-made disasters, and deployment has led to the question of whether South African military nurses have the attributes to manage these added demanding and stressful situations. The differences between the uniqueness of military nursing in relation to civilian counterparts in South Africa are not well reflected in literature. The question was thus posed: “What are the distinctive attributes of registered nurses in a South African military context?” Since little is known or understood about the distinctive attributes of military nurses, the researcher selected a qualitative research approach through which data could be obtained from registered nurses who experience the challenges of working in the South African military context on a daily basis. The study was conducted at one specific military healthcare institute. The accessible population included 90 registered nurses at the specific military healthcare institute. The researcher used the nominal group technique (NGT) to obtain nominal and descriptive data about the distinctive attributes of registered nurses within the South African military context. The inclusion criteria for the groups were as follows: • Being a professional nurse registered with the South African Nursing Council; • Having two or more years’ experience of working within the South African military context; and • Being available to participate in the study; e.g., not being deployed during the period of data collection. To gather sufficient and relevant data, two NGT discussions were conducted. The researcher analysed the various sets of data by using six of the seven steps to analyse the data from multiple nominal groups as described, University of the Free State (UFS)

Published
2021

14. Long-term outcome after arthroscopic debridement of Palmer type 2C central degenerative lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex

Author

Spies, C. K., Bruckner, T., Muller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Eysel, P., Low, S., Filbert, M. J., Spies, C. K., Bruckner, T., Muller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Eysel, P., Low, S., and Filbert, M. J.

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to report long-term objective and patient-reported outcome after arthroscopic debridement of central degenerative triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions. Methods A total of 17 patients with central degenerative TFCC (Palmer type 2C) lesions and ulnar positive variance who were treated by arthroscopic debridement were retrospectively reviewed. Mean follow-up was 8.8 years. Assessment facilitating the Modified Mayo Wrist score (MMWS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH score), recording of pain level and of patient satisfaction, and radiological examination were done. Results Patients reached a pain level of 1.7 VAS, MMW score of 92, and DASH score of 22. No significant differences could be detected between the operated and the contralateral extremity regarding range of motion and grip strength for all patients. No perioperative complications occurred. Conclusion Arthroscopic debridement of central degenerative TFCC lesions is safe, reliable, and efficacious even for ulnar positive variance.

Published
2021

15. Viscoelastic properties of the human A2 finger pulley

Author

Spies, C. K., Heuvens, J., Langer, M. F., Eysel, P., Mueller, L. P., Grevenstein, D., Oppermann, J., Spies, C. K., Heuvens, J., Langer, M. F., Eysel, P., Mueller, L. P., Grevenstein, D., and Oppermann, J.

Abstract

Introduction Biomechanical evaluation of the viscoelastic properties tissue deformation, stiffness, and maximum breaking load of the human A2 pulley. We hypothesized that the A2 pulleys of index, middle, and ring fingers exhibit no difference regarding the aforementioned biomechanical parameters. Methods Forty-one A2 pulleys of 14 upper extremities (8 body donors) were assessed. Cyclic and load-to-failure testing were performed. The biomechanical parameters tissue deformation during cyclic and load-to-failure testing, stiffness, and maximum breaking load were determined. Results No significant differences between the fingers could be detected regarding the biomechanical parameters. A significant negative correlation could be detected between stiffness and deformation of the pulley. Significant positive correlations could be identified between stiffness and maximum breaking load and between maximum breaking load and deformation of the pulleys. Conclusions Assessment of the viscoelastic properties of the A2 finger pulley promotes precise diagnosis of pulley lesions and will help to optimize treatment.

Published
2021

16. Design of Clinical Trials Evaluating Sedation in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: Recommendations From Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research (SCEPTER) Recommendation III.

Author

Ward, DS, Absalom, AR, Aitken, LM, Balas, MC, Brown, DL, Burry, L, Colantuoni, E, Coursin, D, Devlin, JW, Dexter, F, Dworkin, RH, Egan, TD, Elliott, D, Egerod, I, Flood, P, Fraser, GL, Girard, TD, Gozal, D, Hopkins, RO, Kress, J, Maze, M, Needham, DM, Pandharipande, P, Riker, R, Sessler, DI, Shafer, SL, Shehabi, Y, Spies, C, Sun, LS, Tung, A, Urman, RD, Ward, DS, Absalom, AR, Aitken, LM, Balas, MC, Brown, DL, Burry, L, Colantuoni, E, Coursin, D, Devlin, JW, Dexter, F, Dworkin, RH, Egan, TD, Elliott, D, Egerod, I, Flood, P, Fraser, GL, Girard, TD, Gozal, D, Hopkins, RO, Kress, J, Maze, M, Needham, DM, Pandharipande, P, Riker, R, Sessler, DI, Shafer, SL, Shehabi, Y, Spies, C, Sun, LS, Tung, A, and Urman, RD

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of sedative medication use in critically ill adults undergoing mechanical ventilation differ considerably in their methodological approach. This heterogeneity impedes the ability to compare results across studies. The Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research Recommendations convened a meeting of multidisciplinary experts to develop recommendations for key methodologic elements of sedation trials in the ICU to help guide academic and industry clinical investigators. DESIGN: A 2-day in-person meeting was held in Washington, DC, on March 28–29, 2019, followed by a three-round, online modified Delphi consensus process. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six participants from academia, industry, and the Food and Drug Administration with expertise in relevant content areas, including two former ICU patients attended the in-person meeting, and the majority completed an online follow-up survey and participated in the modified Delphi process. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The final recommendations were iteratively refined based on the survey results, participants’ reactions to those results, summaries written by panel moderators, and a review of the meeting transcripts made from audio recordings. Fifteen recommendations were developed for study design and conduct, subject enrollment, outcomes, and measurement instruments. Consensus recommendations included obtaining input from ICU survivors and/or their families, ensuring adequate training for personnel using validated instruments for assessments of sedation, pain, and delirium in the ICU environment, and the need for methodological standardization. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations are intended to assist researchers in the design, conduct, selection of endpoints, and reporting of clinical trials involving sedative medications and/or sedation protocols for adult ICU patients who require mechanical ventilation. These recommen

Published
2021

17. Design of Clinical Trials Evaluating Sedation in Critically Ill Adults Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: Recommendations From Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research (SCEPTER) Recommendation III.

Author

Ward, DS, Absalom, AR, Aitken, LM, Balas, MC, Brown, DL, Burry, L, Colantuoni, E, Coursin, D, Devlin, JW, Dexter, F, Dworkin, RH, Egan, TD, Elliott, D, Egerod, I, Flood, P, Fraser, GL, Girard, TD, Gozal, D, Hopkins, RO, Kress, J, Maze, M, Needham, DM, Pandharipande, P, Riker, R, Sessler, DI, Shafer, SL, Shehabi, Y, Spies, C, Sun, LS, Tung, A, Urman, RD, Ward, DS, Absalom, AR, Aitken, LM, Balas, MC, Brown, DL, Burry, L, Colantuoni, E, Coursin, D, Devlin, JW, Dexter, F, Dworkin, RH, Egan, TD, Elliott, D, Egerod, I, Flood, P, Fraser, GL, Girard, TD, Gozal, D, Hopkins, RO, Kress, J, Maze, M, Needham, DM, Pandharipande, P, Riker, R, Sessler, DI, Shafer, SL, Shehabi, Y, Spies, C, Sun, LS, Tung, A, and Urman, RD

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of sedative medication use in critically ill adults undergoing mechanical ventilation differ considerably in their methodological approach. This heterogeneity impedes the ability to compare results across studies. The Sedation Consortium on Endpoints and Procedures for Treatment, Education, and Research Recommendations convened a meeting of multidisciplinary experts to develop recommendations for key methodologic elements of sedation trials in the ICU to help guide academic and industry clinical investigators. DESIGN: A 2-day in-person meeting was held in Washington, DC, on March 28–29, 2019, followed by a three-round, online modified Delphi consensus process. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six participants from academia, industry, and the Food and Drug Administration with expertise in relevant content areas, including two former ICU patients attended the in-person meeting, and the majority completed an online follow-up survey and participated in the modified Delphi process. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The final recommendations were iteratively refined based on the survey results, participants’ reactions to those results, summaries written by panel moderators, and a review of the meeting transcripts made from audio recordings. Fifteen recommendations were developed for study design and conduct, subject enrollment, outcomes, and measurement instruments. Consensus recommendations included obtaining input from ICU survivors and/or their families, ensuring adequate training for personnel using validated instruments for assessments of sedation, pain, and delirium in the ICU environment, and the need for methodological standardization. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations are intended to assist researchers in the design, conduct, selection of endpoints, and reporting of clinical trials involving sedative medications and/or sedation protocols for adult ICU patients who require mechanical ventilation. These recommen

Published
2021

18. Comparison of European ICU patients in 2012 (ICON) versus 2002 (SOAP)

Author

Vincent, J, Lefrant, J, Kotfis, K, Nanchal, R, Martin-Loeches, I, Wittebole, X, Sakka, S, Pickkers, P, Moreno, R, Sakr, Y, Pavlik, P, Manak, J, Kieslichova, E, Turek, R, Fischer, M, Valkova, R, Dadak, L, Dostal, P, Malaska, J, Hajek, R, Zidkova, A, Lavicka, P, Medve, L, Sarkany, A, Kremer, I, Marjanek, Z, Tamasi, P, Kolbusz, J, Kubler, A, Mielczarek, B, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M, Tamowicz, B, Sulkowski, W, Smuszkiewicz, P, Pihowicz, A, Trejnowska, E, Hagau, N, Filipescu, D, Droc, G, Lupu, M, Nica, A, Stoica, R, Tomescu, D, Constantinescu, D, Valcoreanu Zbaganu, G, Slavcovici, A, Soskic, L, Palibrk, I, Jankovic, R, Jovanovic, B, Pandurovic, M, Bumbasirevic, V, Uljarevic, B, Surbatovic, M, Ladjevic, N, Slobodianiuk, G, Sobona, V, Cikova, A, Gebhardtova, A, Cohen, J, Sold, O, Urbanek, P, Schlieber, J, Reisinger, J, Auer, J, Hartjes, A, Lerche, A, Janous, T, Kink, E, Krahulec, W, Smolle, K, Van Der Schueren, M, Thibo, P, Vanhoof, M, Ahmet, I, Philippe, G, Dufaye, P, Jacobs, O, Fraipont, V, Biston, P, Dive, A, Bouckaert, Y, Gilbert, E, Gressens, B, Pinck, E, Collin, V, De Waele, J, Rimachi, R, Gusu, D, De Decker, K, Mandianga, K, Heytens, L, Herbert, S, Olivier, V, Vandenheede, W, Rogiers, P, Kolodzeike, P, Kruse, M, Andersen, T, Harjola, V, Saarinen, K, Leone, M, Durocher, A, Moulront, S, Lepape, A, Losser, M, Cabaret, P, Kalaitzis, E, Zogheib, E, Charve, P, Francois, B, Beilouny, B, Forceville, X, Misset, B, Jacobs, F, Bernard, F, Payen, D, Wynckel, A, Castelain, V, Faure, A, Lavagne, P, Thierry, L, Moussa, M, Vieillard-Baron, A, Durand, M, Gainnier, M, Ichai, C, Arens, S, Hoffmann, C, Kaffarnik, M, Scharnofske, C, Voigt, I, Peckelsen, C, Weber, M, Gille, J, Lange, A, Schoser, G, Sablotzki, A, Jaschinski, U, Bluethgen, A, Vogel, F, Tscheu, A, Fuchs, T, Wattenberg, M, Helmes, T, Scieszka, S, Heintz, M, Kohler, J, Fiedler, F, Danz, M, Riessen, R, Kerz, T, Kersten, A, Tacke, F, Marx, G, Volkert, T, Schmutz, A, Nierhaus, A, Kluge, S, Abel, P, Janosi, R, Utzolino, S, Bracht, H, Toussaint, S, Giannakou Peftoulidou, M, Myrianthefs, P, Armaganidis, A, Routsi, C, Xini, A, Mouloudi, E, Kokoris, I, Kyriazopoulos, G, Vlachos, S, Lavrentieva, A, Partala, P, Nakos, G, Barry, J, O'Leary, R, Motherway, C, Faheem, M, Dunne, E, Donnelly, M, Konrad, T, Bonora, E, Achilli, C, Rossi, S, Castiglione, G, Peris, A, Albanese, D, Stocchetti, N, Citerio, G, Mozzoni, L, Sisillo, E, De Negri, P, Savioli, M, Vecchiarelli, P, Puflea, F, Stankovic, V, Minoja, G, Montibeller, S, Calligaro, P, Sorrentino, R, Feri, M, Zambon, M, Colombaroli, E, Giarratano, A, Pellis, T, Capra, C, Antonelli, M, Gullo, A, Chelazzi, C, De Capraris, A, Patroniti, N, Girardis, M, Franchi, F, Berlot, G, Ponssen, H, Ten Cate, J, Bormans, L, Husada, S, Buise, M, Van Der Hoven, B, Reidinga, A, Kuiper, M, Kluge, G, Den Boer, S, Kesecioglu, J, Van Leeuwen, H, Flaatten, H, Mo, S, Branco, V, Rua, F, Lafuente, E, Sousa, M, Catorze, N, Barros, M, Pereira, L, Vintem De Oliveira, A, Gomes, J, Gaspar, I, Pereira, M, Cymbron, M, Dias, A, Almeida, E, Beirao, S, Serra, I, Ribeiro, R, Povoa, P, Faria, F, Costa-E-Silva, Z, Nobrega, J, Fernandes, F, Gabriel, J, Voga, G, Rupnik, E, Kosec, L, Kerin Povsic, M, Osojnik, I, Tomic, V, Sinkovic, A, Gonzalez, J, Zavala, E, Perez Valenzuela, J, Marina, L, Vidal-Cortes, P, Posada, P, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, A, Munoz Guillen, N, Palomar, M, Sole-Violan, J, Torres, A, Gonzalez Gallego, M, Aguilar, G, Montoiro Allue, R, Argueso, M, Parejo, M, Palomo Navarro, M, Jose, A, Nin, N, Alvarez Lerma, F, Martinez, O, Tenza Lozano, E, Arenal Lopez, S, Perez Granda, M, Moreno, S, Llubia, C, De La Fuente Martos, C, Gonzalez-Arenas, P, Llamas Fernandez, N, Gil Rueda, B, Estruch Pons, I, Cruza, N, Maroto, F, Estella, A, Ferrer, A, Iglesias Fraile, L, Quindos, B, Quintano, A, Tebar, M, Cardinal, P, Reyes, A, Rodriguez, A, Abella, A, Garcia Del Valle, S, Yus, S, Maseda, E, Berezo, J, Tejero Pedregosa, A, Laplaza, C, Ferrer, R, Rico-Feijoo, J, Rodriguez, M, Monedero, P, Eriksson, K, Lind, D, Chabanel, D, Zender, H, Heer, K, Frankenberger, B, Jakob, S, Haller, A, Mathew, S, Downes, R, Barrera Groba, C, Johnston, A, Meacher, R, Keays, R, Haji-Michael, P, Tyler, C, Ferguson, A, Jones, S, Tyl, D, Ball, A, Vogel, J, Booth, M, Downie, P, Watters, M, Brett, S, Garfield, M, Everett, L, Heenen, S, Dhir, S, Beardow, Z, Mostert, M, Brosnan, S, Pinto, N, Harris, S, Summors, A, Andrew, N, Rose, A, Appelboam, R, Davies, O, Vickers, E, Agarwal, B, Szakmany, T, Wimbush, S, Welters, I, Pearse, R, Hollands, R, Kirk-Bayley, J, Fletcher, N, Bray, B, Brealey, D, Delle Karth, G, Draxler, V, Filzwieser, G, Heindl, W, Kellner, G, Lenz, K, Rossmann, E, Wiedermann, C, Chochrad, D, Damas, P, Decruyenaere, J, Hoste, E, Devriendt, J, Espeel, B, Installe, E, Malbrain, M, Nollet, G, Preiser, J, Raemaekers, J, Roman, A, Simon, M, Spapen, H, Swinnen, W, Vallot, F, Chytra, I, Herold, I, Polak, F, Sterba, M, Bestle, M, Espersen, K, Guldager, H, Welling, K, Nyman, D, Ruokonen, E, Annane, D, Catogni, P, Colas, G, Coulomb, F, Dorne, R, Garrouste, M, Isetta, C, Larche, J, Legall, J, Lessire, H, Malledant, Y, Mateu, P, Ossart, M, Schlossmacher, P, Timsit, J, Winnock, S, Sollet, J, Mallet, L, Maurer, P, Sab, J, Aykut, G, Brunkhorst, F, Lauterbach, M, Ragaller, M, Gatz, R, Gerlach, H, Henzler, D, Hopf, H, Hueneburg, H, Karzai, W, Keller, A, Bauer, T, Kuhlmann, U, Langgartner, J, Manhold, C, Reith, B, Schuerholz, T, Spies, C, Stogbauer, R, Unterburger, J, Clouva-Molyvdas, P, Giokas, G, Ioannidou, E, Lahana, A, Liolios, A, Marathias, K, Tasiou, A, Tsangaris, H, Marsh, B, Power, M, Sprung, C, Biagioli, B, Bobbio Pallavicini, F, Pesenti, A, Della Corte, F, Donadio, P, Donati, A, Giorgio, T, Giudici, D, Greco, S, Guadagnucci, A, Lapichino, G, Livigni, S, Moise, G, Nardi, G, Panascia, E, Pizzamiglio, M, Ranieri, V, Rosi, R, Sicignano, A, Solca, M, Vignali, G, Volpe Rinonapoli, I, Barnas, M, De Bel, E, De Pont, A, Groeneveld, J, Nijsten, M, Sie, L, Zandstra, D, Harboe, S, Linden, S, Lovstad, R, Moen, H, Smith-Erichsen, N, Piotrowski, A, Karpel, E, Pais-De-Lacerda, A, Paiva, J, Pimentel, A, Jovanovic, K, Malik, P, Lucka, K, Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano, C, Artigas, A, Escorsell, A, Nicolas, J, Izura Cea, J, Montejo, J, Palencia, E, Santos, F, Sierra-Camerino, R, Sipmann, F, Brodersen, K, Haggqvist, J, Hermansson, D, Hjelmqvist, H, Loderer, G, Maggiorini, M, Andrews, P, Appadu, B, Bewley, J, Burchett, K, Chambers, P, Coakley, J, Doberenz, D, Eastwood, N, Fielden, J, Gedney, J, Gunning, K, Harling, D, Jankowski, S, Jayson, D, Kilner, A, Krishna-Kumar, V, Lei, K, Mackenzie, S, Macnaughton, P, Mcculloch, C, Morgan, P, Rhodes, A, Roberts, C, Russell, M, Tupper-Carey, D, Wright, M, Twohey, L, Watts, J, Webster, R, Williams, D, Vincent J. -L., Lefrant J. -Y., Kotfis K., Nanchal R., Martin-Loeches I., Wittebole X., Sakka S. G., Pickkers P., Moreno R., Sakr Y., Pavlik P., Manak J., Kieslichova E., Turek R., Fischer M., Valkova R., Dadak L., Dostal P., Malaska J., Hajek R., Zidkova A., Lavicka P., Medve L., Sarkany A., Kremer I., Marjanek Z., Tamasi P., Kolbusz J., Kubler A., Mielczarek B., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M., Tamowicz B., Sulkowski W., Smuszkiewicz P., Pihowicz A., Trejnowska E., Hagau N., Filipescu D., Droc G., Lupu M., Nica A., Stoica R., Tomescu D., Constantinescu D., Valcoreanu Zbaganu G., Slavcovici A., Soskic L., Palibrk I., Jankovic R., Jovanovic B., Pandurovic M., Bumbasirevic V., Uljarevic B., Surbatovic M., Ladjevic N., Slobodianiuk G., Sobona V., Cikova A., Gebhardtova A., Cohen J., Sold O., Urbanek P., Schlieber J., Reisinger J., Auer J., Hartjes A., Lerche A., Janous T., Kink E., Krahulec W., Smolle K., Van Der Schueren M., Thibo P., Vanhoof M., Ahmet I., Philippe G., Dufaye P., Jacobs O., Fraipont V., Biston P., Dive A., Bouckaert Y., Gilbert E., Gressens B., Pinck E., Collin V., De Waele J., Rimachi R., Gusu D., De Decker K., Mandianga K., Heytens L., Herbert S., Olivier V., Vandenheede W., Rogiers P., Kolodzeike P., Kruse M., Andersen T., Harjola V., Saarinen K., Leone M., Durocher A., Moulront S., Lepape A., Losser M., Cabaret P., Kalaitzis E., Zogheib E., Charve P., Francois B., Beilouny B., Forceville X., Misset B., Jacobs F., Bernard F., Payen D., Wynckel A., Castelain V., Faure A., Lavagne P., Thierry L., Moussa M., Vieillard-Baron A., Durand M., Gainnier M., Ichai C., Arens S., Hoffmann C., Kaffarnik M., Scharnofske C., Voigt I., Peckelsen C., Weber M., Gille J., Lange A., Schoser G., Sablotzki A., Jaschinski U., Bluethgen A., Vogel F., Tscheu A., Fuchs T., Wattenberg M., Helmes T., Scieszka S., Heintz M., Sakka S., Kohler J., Fiedler F., Danz M., Riessen R., Kerz T., Kersten A., Tacke F., Marx G., Volkert T., Schmutz A., Nierhaus A., Kluge S., Abel P., Janosi R., Utzolino S., Bracht H., Toussaint S., Giannakou Peftoulidou M., Myrianthefs P., Armaganidis A., Routsi C., Xini A., Mouloudi E., Kokoris I., Kyriazopoulos G., Vlachos S., Lavrentieva A., Partala P., Nakos G., Barry J., O'Leary R., Motherway C., Faheem M., Dunne E., Donnelly M., Konrad T., Bonora E., Achilli C., Rossi S., Castiglione G., Peris A., Albanese D., Stocchetti N., Citerio G., Mozzoni L., Sisillo E., De Negri P., Savioli M., Vecchiarelli P., Puflea F., Stankovic V., Minoja G., Montibeller S., Calligaro P., Sorrentino R., Feri M., Zambon M., Colombaroli E., Giarratano A., Pellis T., Capra C., Antonelli M., Gullo A., Chelazzi C., De Capraris A., Patroniti N., Girardis M., Franchi F., Berlot G., Ponssen H., Ten Cate J., Bormans L., Husada S., Buise M., Van Der Hoven B., Reidinga A., Kuiper M., Kluge G., Den Boer S., Kesecioglu J., Van Leeuwen H., Flaatten H., Mo S., Branco V., Rua F., Lafuente E., Sousa M., Catorze N., Barros M., Pereira L., Vintem De Oliveira A., Gomes J., Gaspar I., Pereira M., Cymbron M., Dias A., Almeida E., Beirao S., Serra I., Ribeiro R., Povoa P., Faria F., Costa-E-Silva Z., Nobrega J., Fernandes F., Gabriel J., Voga G., Rupnik E., Kosec L., Kerin Povsic M., Osojnik I., Tomic V., Sinkovic A., Gonzalez J., Zavala E., Perez Valenzuela J., Marina L., Vidal-Cortes P., Posada P., Ignacio Martin-Loeches A., Munoz Guillen N., Palomar M., Sole-Violan J., Torres A., Gonzalez Gallego M., Aguilar G., Montoiro Allue R., Argueso M., Parejo M., Palomo Navarro M., Jose A., Nin N., Alvarez Lerma F., Martinez O., Tenza Lozano E., Arenal Lopez S., Perez Granda M., Moreno S., Llubia C., De La Fuente Martos C., Gonzalez-Arenas P., Llamas Fernandez N., Gil Rueda B., Estruch Pons I., Cruza N., Maroto F., Estella A., Ferrer A., Iglesias Fraile L., Quindos B., Quintano A., Tebar M., Cardinal P., Reyes A., Rodriguez A., Abella A., Garcia Del Valle S., Yus S., Maseda E., Berezo J., Tejero Pedregosa A., Laplaza C., Ferrer R., Rico-Feijoo J., Rodriguez M., Monedero P., Eriksson K., Lind D., Chabanel D., Zender H., Heer K., Frankenberger B., Jakob S., Haller A., Mathew S., Downes R., Barrera Groba C., Johnston A., Meacher R., Keays R., Haji-Michael P., Tyler C., Ferguson A., Jones S., Tyl D., Ball A., Vogel J., Booth M., Downie P., Watters M., Brett S., Garfield M., Everett L., Heenen S., Dhir S., Beardow Z., Mostert M., Brosnan S., Pinto N., Harris S., Summors A., Andrew N., Rose A., Appelboam R., Davies O., Vickers E., Agarwal B., Szakmany T., Wimbush S., Welters I., Pearse R., Hollands R., Kirk-Bayley J., Fletcher N., Bray B., Brealey D., Delle Karth G., Draxler V., Filzwieser G., Heindl W., Kellner G., Lenz K., Rossmann E., Wiedermann C., Chochrad D., Damas P., Decruyenaere J., Hoste E., Devriendt J., Espeel B., Installe E., Malbrain M., Nollet G., Preiser J. C., Raemaekers J., Roman A., Simon M., Spapen H., Swinnen W., Vallot F., Chytra I., Herold I., Polak F., Sterba M., Bestle M., Espersen K., Guldager H., Welling K. -L., Nyman D., Ruokonen E., Annane D., Catogni P., Colas G., Coulomb F., Dorne R., Garrouste M., Isetta C., Larche J., LeGall J. -R., Lessire H., Malledant Y., Mateu P., Ossart M., Schlossmacher P., Timsit J. -F., Winnock S., Sollet J. -P., Mallet L., Maurer P., Sab J. M., Aykut G., Brunkhorst F., Lauterbach M., Ragaller M., Gatz R., Gerlach H., Henzler D., Hopf H. -B., Hueneburg H., Karzai W., Keller A., Bauer T., Kuhlmann U., Langgartner J., Manhold C., Reith B., Schuerholz T., Spies C., Stogbauer R., Unterburger J., Clouva-Molyvdas P. -M., Giokas G., Ioannidou E., Lahana A., Liolios A., Marathias K., Tasiou A., Tsangaris H., Marsh B., Power M., Sprung C., Biagioli B., Bobbio Pallavicini F., Pesenti A., Della Corte F., Donadio P. P., Donati A., Giorgio T., Giudici D., Greco S., Guadagnucci A., Lapichino G., Livigni S., Moise G., Nardi G., Panascia E., Pizzamiglio M., Ranieri V. M., Rosi R., Sicignano A., Solca M., Vignali G., Volpe Rinonapoli I., Barnas M., De Bel E. E., De Pont A. -C., Groeneveld J., Nijsten M., Sie L., Zandstra D. F., Harboe S., Linden S., Lovstad R. Z., Moen H., Smith-Erichsen N., Piotrowski A., Karpel E., Pais-De-Lacerda A., Paiva J. A., Pimentel A., Jovanovic K., Malik P., Lucka K., Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano C., Artigas A., Escorsell A., Nicolas J., Izura Cea J. J., Montejo J., Palencia E., Santos F., Sierra-Camerino R., Sipmann F., Brodersen K., Haggqvist J., Hermansson D., Hjelmqvist H., Loderer G., Maggiorini M., Andrews P., Appadu B., Bewley J., Burchett K., Chambers P., Coakley J., Doberenz D., Eastwood N., Fielden J., Gedney J., Gunning K., Harling D., Jankowski S., Jayson D., Kilner A., Krishna-Kumar V., Lei K., Mackenzie S., Macnaughton P., McCulloch C., Morgan P., Rhodes A., Roberts C., Russell M., Tupper-Carey D., Wright M., Twohey L., Watts J., Webster R., Williams D., Vincent, J, Lefrant, J, Kotfis, K, Nanchal, R, Martin-Loeches, I, Wittebole, X, Sakka, S, Pickkers, P, Moreno, R, Sakr, Y, Pavlik, P, Manak, J, Kieslichova, E, Turek, R, Fischer, M, Valkova, R, Dadak, L, Dostal, P, Malaska, J, Hajek, R, Zidkova, A, Lavicka, P, Medve, L, Sarkany, A, Kremer, I, Marjanek, Z, Tamasi, P, Kolbusz, J, Kubler, A, Mielczarek, B, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M, Tamowicz, B, Sulkowski, W, Smuszkiewicz, P, Pihowicz, A, Trejnowska, E, Hagau, N, Filipescu, D, Droc, G, Lupu, M, Nica, A, Stoica, R, Tomescu, D, Constantinescu, D, Valcoreanu Zbaganu, G, Slavcovici, A, Soskic, L, Palibrk, I, Jankovic, R, Jovanovic, B, Pandurovic, M, Bumbasirevic, V, Uljarevic, B, Surbatovic, M, Ladjevic, N, Slobodianiuk, G, Sobona, V, Cikova, A, Gebhardtova, A, Cohen, J, Sold, O, Urbanek, P, Schlieber, J, Reisinger, J, Auer, J, Hartjes, A, Lerche, A, Janous, T, Kink, E, Krahulec, W, Smolle, K, Van Der Schueren, M, Thibo, P, Vanhoof, M, Ahmet, I, Philippe, G, Dufaye, P, Jacobs, O, Fraipont, V, Biston, P, Dive, A, Bouckaert, Y, Gilbert, E, Gressens, B, Pinck, E, Collin, V, De Waele, J, Rimachi, R, Gusu, D, De Decker, K, Mandianga, K, Heytens, L, Herbert, S, Olivier, V, Vandenheede, W, Rogiers, P, Kolodzeike, P, Kruse, M, Andersen, T, Harjola, V, Saarinen, K, Leone, M, Durocher, A, Moulront, S, Lepape, A, Losser, M, Cabaret, P, Kalaitzis, E, Zogheib, E, Charve, P, Francois, B, Beilouny, B, Forceville, X, Misset, B, Jacobs, F, Bernard, F, Payen, D, Wynckel, A, Castelain, V, Faure, A, Lavagne, P, Thierry, L, Moussa, M, Vieillard-Baron, A, Durand, M, Gainnier, M, Ichai, C, Arens, S, Hoffmann, C, Kaffarnik, M, Scharnofske, C, Voigt, I, Peckelsen, C, Weber, M, Gille, J, Lange, A, Schoser, G, Sablotzki, A, Jaschinski, U, Bluethgen, A, Vogel, F, Tscheu, A, Fuchs, T, Wattenberg, M, Helmes, T, Scieszka, S, Heintz, M, Kohler, J, Fiedler, F, Danz, M, Riessen, R, Kerz, T, Kersten, A, Tacke, F, Marx, G, Volkert, T, Schmutz, A, Nierhaus, A, Kluge, S, Abel, P, Janosi, R, Utzolino, S, Bracht, H, Toussaint, S, Giannakou Peftoulidou, M, Myrianthefs, P, Armaganidis, A, Routsi, C, Xini, A, Mouloudi, E, Kokoris, I, Kyriazopoulos, G, Vlachos, S, Lavrentieva, A, Partala, P, Nakos, G, Barry, J, O'Leary, R, Motherway, C, Faheem, M, Dunne, E, Donnelly, M, Konrad, T, Bonora, E, Achilli, C, Rossi, S, Castiglione, G, Peris, A, Albanese, D, Stocchetti, N, Citerio, G, Mozzoni, L, Sisillo, E, De Negri, P, Savioli, M, Vecchiarelli, P, Puflea, F, Stankovic, V, Minoja, G, Montibeller, S, Calligaro, P, Sorrentino, R, Feri, M, Zambon, M, Colombaroli, E, Giarratano, A, Pellis, T, Capra, C, Antonelli, M, Gullo, A, Chelazzi, C, De Capraris, A, Patroniti, N, Girardis, M, Franchi, F, Berlot, G, Ponssen, H, Ten Cate, J, Bormans, L, Husada, S, Buise, M, Van Der Hoven, B, Reidinga, A, Kuiper, M, Kluge, G, Den Boer, S, Kesecioglu, J, Van Leeuwen, H, Flaatten, H, Mo, S, Branco, V, Rua, F, Lafuente, E, Sousa, M, Catorze, N, Barros, M, Pereira, L, Vintem De Oliveira, A, Gomes, J, Gaspar, I, Pereira, M, Cymbron, M, Dias, A, Almeida, E, Beirao, S, Serra, I, Ribeiro, R, Povoa, P, Faria, F, Costa-E-Silva, Z, Nobrega, J, Fernandes, F, Gabriel, J, Voga, G, Rupnik, E, Kosec, L, Kerin Povsic, M, Osojnik, I, Tomic, V, Sinkovic, A, Gonzalez, J, Zavala, E, Perez Valenzuela, J, Marina, L, Vidal-Cortes, P, Posada, P, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, A, Munoz Guillen, N, Palomar, M, Sole-Violan, J, Torres, A, Gonzalez Gallego, M, Aguilar, G, Montoiro Allue, R, Argueso, M, Parejo, M, Palomo Navarro, M, Jose, A, Nin, N, Alvarez Lerma, F, Martinez, O, Tenza Lozano, E, Arenal Lopez, S, Perez Granda, M, Moreno, S, Llubia, C, De La Fuente Martos, C, Gonzalez-Arenas, P, Llamas Fernandez, N, Gil Rueda, B, Estruch Pons, I, Cruza, N, Maroto, F, Estella, A, Ferrer, A, Iglesias Fraile, L, Quindos, B, Quintano, A, Tebar, M, Cardinal, P, Reyes, A, Rodriguez, A, Abella, A, Garcia Del Valle, S, Yus, S, Maseda, E, Berezo, J, Tejero Pedregosa, A, Laplaza, C, Ferrer, R, Rico-Feijoo, J, Rodriguez, M, Monedero, P, Eriksson, K, Lind, D, Chabanel, D, Zender, H, Heer, K, Frankenberger, B, Jakob, S, Haller, A, Mathew, S, Downes, R, Barrera Groba, C, Johnston, A, Meacher, R, Keays, R, Haji-Michael, P, Tyler, C, Ferguson, A, Jones, S, Tyl, D, Ball, A, Vogel, J, Booth, M, Downie, P, Watters, M, Brett, S, Garfield, M, Everett, L, Heenen, S, Dhir, S, Beardow, Z, Mostert, M, Brosnan, S, Pinto, N, Harris, S, Summors, A, Andrew, N, Rose, A, Appelboam, R, Davies, O, Vickers, E, Agarwal, B, Szakmany, T, Wimbush, S, Welters, I, Pearse, R, Hollands, R, Kirk-Bayley, J, Fletcher, N, Bray, B, Brealey, D, Delle Karth, G, Draxler, V, Filzwieser, G, Heindl, W, Kellner, G, Lenz, K, Rossmann, E, Wiedermann, C, Chochrad, D, Damas, P, Decruyenaere, J, Hoste, E, Devriendt, J, Espeel, B, Installe, E, Malbrain, M, Nollet, G, Preiser, J, Raemaekers, J, Roman, A, Simon, M, Spapen, H, Swinnen, W, Vallot, F, Chytra, I, Herold, I, Polak, F, Sterba, M, Bestle, M, Espersen, K, Guldager, H, Welling, K, Nyman, D, Ruokonen, E, Annane, D, Catogni, P, Colas, G, Coulomb, F, Dorne, R, Garrouste, M, Isetta, C, Larche, J, Legall, J, Lessire, H, Malledant, Y, Mateu, P, Ossart, M, Schlossmacher, P, Timsit, J, Winnock, S, Sollet, J, Mallet, L, Maurer, P, Sab, J, Aykut, G, Brunkhorst, F, Lauterbach, M, Ragaller, M, Gatz, R, Gerlach, H, Henzler, D, Hopf, H, Hueneburg, H, Karzai, W, Keller, A, Bauer, T, Kuhlmann, U, Langgartner, J, Manhold, C, Reith, B, Schuerholz, T, Spies, C, Stogbauer, R, Unterburger, J, Clouva-Molyvdas, P, Giokas, G, Ioannidou, E, Lahana, A, Liolios, A, Marathias, K, Tasiou, A, Tsangaris, H, Marsh, B, Power, M, Sprung, C, Biagioli, B, Bobbio Pallavicini, F, Pesenti, A, Della Corte, F, Donadio, P, Donati, A, Giorgio, T, Giudici, D, Greco, S, Guadagnucci, A, Lapichino, G, Livigni, S, Moise, G, Nardi, G, Panascia, E, Pizzamiglio, M, Ranieri, V, Rosi, R, Sicignano, A, Solca, M, Vignali, G, Volpe Rinonapoli, I, Barnas, M, De Bel, E, De Pont, A, Groeneveld, J, Nijsten, M, Sie, L, Zandstra, D, Harboe, S, Linden, S, Lovstad, R, Moen, H, Smith-Erichsen, N, Piotrowski, A, Karpel, E, Pais-De-Lacerda, A, Paiva, J, Pimentel, A, Jovanovic, K, Malik, P, Lucka, K, Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano, C, Artigas, A, Escorsell, A, Nicolas, J, Izura Cea, J, Montejo, J, Palencia, E, Santos, F, Sierra-Camerino, R, Sipmann, F, Brodersen, K, Haggqvist, J, Hermansson, D, Hjelmqvist, H, Loderer, G, Maggiorini, M, Andrews, P, Appadu, B, Bewley, J, Burchett, K, Chambers, P, Coakley, J, Doberenz, D, Eastwood, N, Fielden, J, Gedney, J, Gunning, K, Harling, D, Jankowski, S, Jayson, D, Kilner, A, Krishna-Kumar, V, Lei, K, Mackenzie, S, Macnaughton, P, Mcculloch, C, Morgan, P, Rhodes, A, Roberts, C, Russell, M, Tupper-Carey, D, Wright, M, Twohey, L, Watts, J, Webster, R, Williams, D, Vincent J. -L., Lefrant J. -Y., Kotfis K., Nanchal R., Martin-Loeches I., Wittebole X., Sakka S. G., Pickkers P., Moreno R., Sakr Y., Pavlik P., Manak J., Kieslichova E., Turek R., Fischer M., Valkova R., Dadak L., Dostal P., Malaska J., Hajek R., Zidkova A., Lavicka P., Medve L., Sarkany A., Kremer I., Marjanek Z., Tamasi P., Kolbusz J., Kubler A., Mielczarek B., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M., Tamowicz B., Sulkowski W., Smuszkiewicz P., Pihowicz A., Trejnowska E., Hagau N., Filipescu D., Droc G., Lupu M., Nica A., Stoica R., Tomescu D., Constantinescu D., Valcoreanu Zbaganu G., Slavcovici A., Soskic L., Palibrk I., Jankovic R., Jovanovic B., Pandurovic M., Bumbasirevic V., Uljarevic B., Surbatovic M., Ladjevic N., Slobodianiuk G., Sobona V., Cikova A., Gebhardtova A., Cohen J., Sold O., Urbanek P., Schlieber J., Reisinger J., Auer J., Hartjes A., Lerche A., Janous T., Kink E., Krahulec W., Smolle K., Van Der Schueren M., Thibo P., Vanhoof M., Ahmet I., Philippe G., Dufaye P., Jacobs O., Fraipont V., Biston P., Dive A., Bouckaert Y., Gilbert E., Gressens B., Pinck E., Collin V., De Waele J., Rimachi R., Gusu D., De Decker K., Mandianga K., Heytens L., Herbert S., Olivier V., Vandenheede W., Rogiers P., Kolodzeike P., Kruse M., Andersen T., Harjola V., Saarinen K., Leone M., Durocher A., Moulront S., Lepape A., Losser M., Cabaret P., Kalaitzis E., Zogheib E., Charve P., Francois B., Beilouny B., Forceville X., Misset B., Jacobs F., Bernard F., Payen D., Wynckel A., Castelain V., Faure A., Lavagne P., Thierry L., Moussa M., Vieillard-Baron A., Durand M., Gainnier M., Ichai C., Arens S., Hoffmann C., Kaffarnik M., Scharnofske C., Voigt I., Peckelsen C., Weber M., Gille J., Lange A., Schoser G., Sablotzki A., Jaschinski U., Bluethgen A., Vogel F., Tscheu A., Fuchs T., Wattenberg M., Helmes T., Scieszka S., Heintz M., Sakka S., Kohler J., Fiedler F., Danz M., Riessen R., Kerz T., Kersten A., Tacke F., Marx G., Volkert T., Schmutz A., Nierhaus A., Kluge S., Abel P., Janosi R., Utzolino S., Bracht H., Toussaint S., Giannakou Peftoulidou M., Myrianthefs P., Armaganidis A., Routsi C., Xini A., Mouloudi E., Kokoris I., Kyriazopoulos G., Vlachos S., Lavrentieva A., Partala P., Nakos G., Barry J., O'Leary R., Motherway C., Faheem M., Dunne E., Donnelly M., Konrad T., Bonora E., Achilli C., Rossi S., Castiglione G., Peris A., Albanese D., Stocchetti N., Citerio G., Mozzoni L., Sisillo E., De Negri P., Savioli M., Vecchiarelli P., Puflea F., Stankovic V., Minoja G., Montibeller S., Calligaro P., Sorrentino R., Feri M., Zambon M., Colombaroli E., Giarratano A., Pellis T., Capra C., Antonelli M., Gullo A., Chelazzi C., De Capraris A., Patroniti N., Girardis M., Franchi F., Berlot G., Ponssen H., Ten Cate J., Bormans L., Husada S., Buise M., Van Der Hoven B., Reidinga A., Kuiper M., Kluge G., Den Boer S., Kesecioglu J., Van Leeuwen H., Flaatten H., Mo S., Branco V., Rua F., Lafuente E., Sousa M., Catorze N., Barros M., Pereira L., Vintem De Oliveira A., Gomes J., Gaspar I., Pereira M., Cymbron M., Dias A., Almeida E., Beirao S., Serra I., Ribeiro R., Povoa P., Faria F., Costa-E-Silva Z., Nobrega J., Fernandes F., Gabriel J., Voga G., Rupnik E., Kosec L., Kerin Povsic M., Osojnik I., Tomic V., Sinkovic A., Gonzalez J., Zavala E., Perez Valenzuela J., Marina L., Vidal-Cortes P., Posada P., Ignacio Martin-Loeches A., Munoz Guillen N., Palomar M., Sole-Violan J., Torres A., Gonzalez Gallego M., Aguilar G., Montoiro Allue R., Argueso M., Parejo M., Palomo Navarro M., Jose A., Nin N., Alvarez Lerma F., Martinez O., Tenza Lozano E., Arenal Lopez S., Perez Granda M., Moreno S., Llubia C., De La Fuente Martos C., Gonzalez-Arenas P., Llamas Fernandez N., Gil Rueda B., Estruch Pons I., Cruza N., Maroto F., Estella A., Ferrer A., Iglesias Fraile L., Quindos B., Quintano A., Tebar M., Cardinal P., Reyes A., Rodriguez A., Abella A., Garcia Del Valle S., Yus S., Maseda E., Berezo J., Tejero Pedregosa A., Laplaza C., Ferrer R., Rico-Feijoo J., Rodriguez M., Monedero P., Eriksson K., Lind D., Chabanel D., Zender H., Heer K., Frankenberger B., Jakob S., Haller A., Mathew S., Downes R., Barrera Groba C., Johnston A., Meacher R., Keays R., Haji-Michael P., Tyler C., Ferguson A., Jones S., Tyl D., Ball A., Vogel J., Booth M., Downie P., Watters M., Brett S., Garfield M., Everett L., Heenen S., Dhir S., Beardow Z., Mostert M., Brosnan S., Pinto N., Harris S., Summors A., Andrew N., Rose A., Appelboam R., Davies O., Vickers E., Agarwal B., Szakmany T., Wimbush S., Welters I., Pearse R., Hollands R., Kirk-Bayley J., Fletcher N., Bray B., Brealey D., Delle Karth G., Draxler V., Filzwieser G., Heindl W., Kellner G., Lenz K., Rossmann E., Wiedermann C., Chochrad D., Damas P., Decruyenaere J., Hoste E., Devriendt J., Espeel B., Installe E., Malbrain M., Nollet G., Preiser J. 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P., Donati A., Giorgio T., Giudici D., Greco S., Guadagnucci A., Lapichino G., Livigni S., Moise G., Nardi G., Panascia E., Pizzamiglio M., Ranieri V. M., Rosi R., Sicignano A., Solca M., Vignali G., Volpe Rinonapoli I., Barnas M., De Bel E. E., De Pont A. -C., Groeneveld J., Nijsten M., Sie L., Zandstra D. F., Harboe S., Linden S., Lovstad R. Z., Moen H., Smith-Erichsen N., Piotrowski A., Karpel E., Pais-De-Lacerda A., Paiva J. A., Pimentel A., Jovanovic K., Malik P., Lucka K., Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano C., Artigas A., Escorsell A., Nicolas J., Izura Cea J. J., Montejo J., Palencia E., Santos F., Sierra-Camerino R., Sipmann F., Brodersen K., Haggqvist J., Hermansson D., Hjelmqvist H., Loderer G., Maggiorini M., Andrews P., Appadu B., Bewley J., Burchett K., Chambers P., Coakley J., Doberenz D., Eastwood N., Fielden J., Gedney J., Gunning K., Harling D., Jankowski S., Jayson D., Kilner A., Krishna-Kumar V., Lei K., Mackenzie S., Macnaughton P., McCulloch C., Morgan P., Rhodes A., Roberts C., Russell M., Tupper-Carey D., Wright M., Twohey L., Watts J., Webster R., and Williams D.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate differences in the characteristics and outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) patients over time. Methods: We reviewed all epidemiological data, including comorbidities, types and severity of organ failure, interventions, lengths of stay and outcome, for patients from the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely ill Patients (SOAP) study, an observational study conducted in European intensive care units in 2002, and the Intensive Care Over Nations (ICON) audit, a survey of intensive care unit patients conducted in 2012. Results: We compared the 3147 patients from the SOAP study with the 4852 patients from the ICON audit admitted to intensive care units in the same countries as those in the SOAP study. The ICON patients were older (62.5 ± 17.0 vs. 60.6 ± 17.4 years) and had higher severity scores than the SOAP patients. The proportion of patients with sepsis at any time during the intensive care unit stay was slightly higher in the ICON study (31.9 vs. 29.6%, p = 0.03). In multilevel analysis, the adjusted odds of ICU mortality were significantly lower for ICON patients than for SOAP patients, particularly in patients with sepsis [OR 0.45 (0.35–0.59), p < 0.001]. Conclusions: Over the 10-year period between 2002 and 2012, the proportion of patients with sepsis admitted to European ICUs remained relatively stable, but the severity of disease increased. In multilevel analysis, the odds of ICU mortality were lower in our 2012 cohort compared to our 2002 cohort, particularly in patients with sepsis.

Published
2018

19. Comparison of European ICU patients in 2012 (ICON) versus 2002 (SOAP)

Author

Vincent, J, Lefrant, J, Kotfis, K, Nanchal, R, Martin-Loeches, I, Wittebole, X, Sakka, S, Pickkers, P, Moreno, R, Sakr, Y, Pavlik, P, Manak, J, Kieslichova, E, Turek, R, Fischer, M, Valkova, R, Dadak, L, Dostal, P, Malaska, J, Hajek, R, Zidkova, A, Lavicka, P, Medve, L, Sarkany, A, Kremer, I, Marjanek, Z, Tamasi, P, Kolbusz, J, Kubler, A, Mielczarek, B, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M, Tamowicz, B, Sulkowski, W, Smuszkiewicz, P, Pihowicz, A, Trejnowska, E, Hagau, N, Filipescu, D, Droc, G, Lupu, M, Nica, A, Stoica, R, Tomescu, D, Constantinescu, D, Valcoreanu Zbaganu, G, Slavcovici, A, Soskic, L, Palibrk, I, Jankovic, R, Jovanovic, B, Pandurovic, M, Bumbasirevic, V, Uljarevic, B, Surbatovic, M, Ladjevic, N, Slobodianiuk, G, Sobona, V, Cikova, A, Gebhardtova, A, Cohen, J, Sold, O, Urbanek, P, Schlieber, J, Reisinger, J, Auer, J, Hartjes, A, Lerche, A, Janous, T, Kink, E, Krahulec, W, Smolle, K, Van Der Schueren, M, Thibo, P, Vanhoof, M, Ahmet, I, Philippe, G, Dufaye, P, Jacobs, O, Fraipont, V, Biston, P, Dive, A, Bouckaert, Y, Gilbert, E, Gressens, B, Pinck, E, Collin, V, De Waele, J, Rimachi, R, Gusu, D, De Decker, K, Mandianga, K, Heytens, L, Herbert, S, Olivier, V, Vandenheede, W, Rogiers, P, Kolodzeike, P, Kruse, M, Andersen, T, Harjola, V, Saarinen, K, Leone, M, Durocher, A, Moulront, S, Lepape, A, Losser, M, Cabaret, P, Kalaitzis, E, Zogheib, E, Charve, P, Francois, B, Beilouny, B, Forceville, X, Misset, B, Jacobs, F, Bernard, F, Payen, D, Wynckel, A, Castelain, V, Faure, A, Lavagne, P, Thierry, L, Moussa, M, Vieillard-Baron, A, Durand, M, Gainnier, M, Ichai, C, Arens, S, Hoffmann, C, Kaffarnik, M, Scharnofske, C, Voigt, I, Peckelsen, C, Weber, M, Gille, J, Lange, A, Schoser, G, Sablotzki, A, Jaschinski, U, Bluethgen, A, Vogel, F, Tscheu, A, Fuchs, T, Wattenberg, M, Helmes, T, Scieszka, S, Heintz, M, Kohler, J, Fiedler, F, Danz, M, Riessen, R, Kerz, T, Kersten, A, Tacke, F, Marx, G, Volkert, T, Schmutz, A, Nierhaus, A, Kluge, S, Abel, P, Janosi, R, Utzolino, S, Bracht, H, Toussaint, S, Giannakou Peftoulidou, M, Myrianthefs, P, Armaganidis, A, Routsi, C, Xini, A, Mouloudi, E, Kokoris, I, Kyriazopoulos, G, Vlachos, S, Lavrentieva, A, Partala, P, Nakos, G, Barry, J, O'Leary, R, Motherway, C, Faheem, M, Dunne, E, Donnelly, M, Konrad, T, Bonora, E, Achilli, C, Rossi, S, Castiglione, G, Peris, A, Albanese, D, Stocchetti, N, Citerio, G, Mozzoni, L, Sisillo, E, De Negri, P, Savioli, M, Vecchiarelli, P, Puflea, F, Stankovic, V, Minoja, G, Montibeller, S, Calligaro, P, Sorrentino, R, Feri, M, Zambon, M, Colombaroli, E, Giarratano, A, Pellis, T, Capra, C, Antonelli, M, Gullo, A, Chelazzi, C, De Capraris, A, Patroniti, N, Girardis, M, Franchi, F, Berlot, G, Ponssen, H, Ten Cate, J, Bormans, L, Husada, S, Buise, M, Van Der Hoven, B, Reidinga, A, Kuiper, M, Kluge, G, Den Boer, S, Kesecioglu, J, Van Leeuwen, H, Flaatten, H, Mo, S, Branco, V, Rua, F, Lafuente, E, Sousa, M, Catorze, N, Barros, M, Pereira, L, Vintem De Oliveira, A, Gomes, J, Gaspar, I, Pereira, M, Cymbron, M, Dias, A, Almeida, E, Beirao, S, Serra, I, Ribeiro, R, Povoa, P, Faria, F, Costa-E-Silva, Z, Nobrega, J, Fernandes, F, Gabriel, J, Voga, G, Rupnik, E, Kosec, L, Kerin Povsic, M, Osojnik, I, Tomic, V, Sinkovic, A, Gonzalez, J, Zavala, E, Perez Valenzuela, J, Marina, L, Vidal-Cortes, P, Posada, P, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, A, Munoz Guillen, N, Palomar, M, Sole-Violan, J, Torres, A, Gonzalez Gallego, M, Aguilar, G, Montoiro Allue, R, Argueso, M, Parejo, M, Palomo Navarro, M, Jose, A, Nin, N, Alvarez Lerma, F, Martinez, O, Tenza Lozano, E, Arenal Lopez, S, Perez Granda, M, Moreno, S, Llubia, C, De La Fuente Martos, C, Gonzalez-Arenas, P, Llamas Fernandez, N, Gil Rueda, B, Estruch Pons, I, Cruza, N, Maroto, F, Estella, A, Ferrer, A, Iglesias Fraile, L, Quindos, B, Quintano, A, Tebar, M, Cardinal, P, Reyes, A, Rodriguez, A, Abella, A, Garcia Del Valle, S, Yus, S, Maseda, E, Berezo, J, Tejero Pedregosa, A, Laplaza, C, Ferrer, R, Rico-Feijoo, J, Rodriguez, M, Monedero, P, Eriksson, K, 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P, Colas, G, Coulomb, F, Dorne, R, Garrouste, M, Isetta, C, Larche, J, Legall, J, Lessire, H, Malledant, Y, Mateu, P, Ossart, M, Schlossmacher, P, Timsit, J, Winnock, S, Sollet, J, Mallet, L, Maurer, P, Sab, J, Aykut, G, Brunkhorst, F, Lauterbach, M, Ragaller, M, Gatz, R, Gerlach, H, Henzler, D, Hopf, H, Hueneburg, H, Karzai, W, Keller, A, Bauer, T, Kuhlmann, U, Langgartner, J, Manhold, C, Reith, B, Schuerholz, T, Spies, C, Stogbauer, R, Unterburger, J, Clouva-Molyvdas, P, Giokas, G, Ioannidou, E, Lahana, A, Liolios, A, Marathias, K, Tasiou, A, Tsangaris, H, Marsh, B, Power, M, Sprung, C, Biagioli, B, Bobbio Pallavicini, F, Pesenti, A, Della Corte, F, Donadio, P, Donati, A, Giorgio, T, Giudici, D, Greco, S, Guadagnucci, A, Lapichino, G, Livigni, S, Moise, G, Nardi, G, Panascia, E, Pizzamiglio, M, Ranieri, V, Rosi, R, Sicignano, A, Solca, M, Vignali, G, Volpe Rinonapoli, I, Barnas, M, De Bel, E, De Pont, A, Groeneveld, J, Nijsten, M, Sie, L, Zandstra, D, Harboe, S, Linden, S, Lovstad, R, Moen, H, Smith-Erichsen, N, Piotrowski, A, Karpel, E, Pais-De-Lacerda, A, Paiva, J, Pimentel, A, Jovanovic, K, Malik, P, Lucka, K, Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano, C, Artigas, A, Escorsell, A, Nicolas, J, Izura Cea, J, Montejo, J, Palencia, E, Santos, F, Sierra-Camerino, R, Sipmann, F, Brodersen, K, Haggqvist, J, Hermansson, D, Hjelmqvist, H, Loderer, G, Maggiorini, M, Andrews, P, Appadu, B, Bewley, J, Burchett, K, Chambers, P, Coakley, J, Doberenz, D, Eastwood, N, Fielden, J, Gedney, J, Gunning, K, Harling, D, Jankowski, S, Jayson, D, Kilner, A, Krishna-Kumar, V, Lei, K, Mackenzie, S, Macnaughton, P, Mcculloch, C, Morgan, P, Rhodes, A, Roberts, C, Russell, M, Tupper-Carey, D, Wright, M, Twohey, L, Watts, J, Webster, R, Williams, D, Vincent J. -L., Lefrant J. -Y., Kotfis K., Nanchal R., Martin-Loeches I., Wittebole X., Sakka S. G., Pickkers P., Moreno R., Sakr Y., Pavlik P., Manak J., Kieslichova E., Turek R., Fischer M., Valkova R., Dadak L., Dostal P., Malaska J., Hajek R., Zidkova A., Lavicka P., Medve L., Sarkany A., Kremer I., Marjanek Z., Tamasi P., Kolbusz J., Kubler A., Mielczarek B., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M., Tamowicz B., Sulkowski W., Smuszkiewicz P., Pihowicz A., Trejnowska E., Hagau N., Filipescu D., Droc G., Lupu M., Nica A., Stoica R., Tomescu D., Constantinescu D., Valcoreanu Zbaganu G., Slavcovici A., Soskic L., Palibrk I., Jankovic R., Jovanovic B., Pandurovic M., Bumbasirevic V., Uljarevic B., Surbatovic M., Ladjevic N., Slobodianiuk G., Sobona V., Cikova A., Gebhardtova A., Cohen J., Sold O., Urbanek P., Schlieber J., Reisinger J., Auer J., Hartjes A., Lerche A., Janous T., Kink E., Krahulec W., Smolle K., Van Der Schueren M., Thibo P., Vanhoof M., Ahmet I., Philippe G., Dufaye P., Jacobs O., Fraipont V., Biston P., Dive A., Bouckaert Y., Gilbert E., Gressens B., Pinck E., Collin V., De Waele J., Rimachi R., Gusu D., De Decker K., Mandianga K., Heytens L., Herbert S., Olivier V., Vandenheede W., Rogiers P., Kolodzeike P., Kruse M., Andersen T., Harjola V., Saarinen K., Leone M., Durocher A., Moulront S., Lepape A., Losser M., Cabaret P., Kalaitzis E., Zogheib E., Charve P., Francois B., Beilouny B., Forceville X., Misset B., Jacobs F., Bernard F., Payen D., Wynckel A., Castelain V., Faure A., Lavagne P., Thierry L., Moussa M., Vieillard-Baron A., Durand M., Gainnier M., Ichai C., Arens S., Hoffmann C., Kaffarnik M., Scharnofske C., Voigt I., Peckelsen C., Weber M., Gille J., Lange A., Schoser G., Sablotzki A., Jaschinski U., Bluethgen A., Vogel F., Tscheu A., Fuchs T., Wattenberg M., Helmes T., Scieszka S., Heintz M., Sakka S., Kohler J., Fiedler F., Danz M., Riessen R., Kerz T., Kersten A., Tacke F., Marx G., Volkert T., Schmutz A., Nierhaus A., Kluge S., Abel P., Janosi R., Utzolino S., Bracht H., Toussaint S., Giannakou Peftoulidou M., Myrianthefs P., Armaganidis A., Routsi C., Xini A., Mouloudi E., Kokoris I., Kyriazopoulos G., Vlachos S., Lavrentieva A., Partala P., Nakos G., Barry J., O'Leary R., Motherway C., Faheem M., Dunne E., Donnelly M., Konrad T., Bonora E., Achilli C., Rossi S., Castiglione G., Peris A., Albanese D., Stocchetti N., Citerio G., Mozzoni L., Sisillo E., De Negri P., Savioli M., Vecchiarelli P., Puflea F., Stankovic V., Minoja G., Montibeller S., Calligaro P., Sorrentino R., Feri M., Zambon M., Colombaroli E., Giarratano A., Pellis T., Capra C., Antonelli M., Gullo A., Chelazzi C., De Capraris A., Patroniti N., Girardis M., Franchi F., Berlot G., Ponssen H., Ten Cate J., Bormans L., Husada S., Buise M., Van Der Hoven B., Reidinga A., Kuiper M., Kluge G., Den Boer S., Kesecioglu J., Van Leeuwen H., Flaatten H., Mo S., Branco V., Rua F., Lafuente E., Sousa M., Catorze N., Barros M., Pereira L., Vintem De Oliveira A., Gomes J., Gaspar I., Pereira M., Cymbron M., Dias A., Almeida E., Beirao S., Serra I., Ribeiro R., Povoa P., Faria F., Costa-E-Silva Z., Nobrega J., Fernandes F., Gabriel J., Voga G., Rupnik E., Kosec L., Kerin Povsic M., Osojnik I., Tomic V., Sinkovic A., Gonzalez J., Zavala E., Perez Valenzuela J., Marina L., Vidal-Cortes P., Posada P., Ignacio Martin-Loeches A., Munoz Guillen N., Palomar M., Sole-Violan J., Torres A., Gonzalez Gallego M., Aguilar G., Montoiro Allue R., Argueso M., Parejo M., Palomo Navarro M., Jose A., Nin N., Alvarez Lerma F., Martinez O., Tenza Lozano E., Arenal Lopez S., Perez Granda M., Moreno S., Llubia C., De La Fuente Martos C., Gonzalez-Arenas P., Llamas Fernandez N., Gil Rueda B., Estruch Pons I., Cruza N., Maroto F., Estella A., Ferrer A., Iglesias Fraile L., Quindos B., Quintano A., Tebar M., Cardinal P., Reyes A., Rodriguez A., Abella A., Garcia Del Valle S., Yus S., Maseda E., Berezo J., Tejero Pedregosa A., Laplaza C., Ferrer R., Rico-Feijoo J., Rodriguez M., Monedero P., Eriksson K., Lind D., Chabanel D., Zender H., Heer K., Frankenberger B., Jakob S., Haller A., Mathew S., Downes R., Barrera Groba C., Johnston A., Meacher R., Keays R., Haji-Michael P., Tyler C., Ferguson A., Jones S., Tyl D., Ball A., Vogel J., Booth M., Downie P., Watters M., Brett S., Garfield M., Everett L., Heenen S., Dhir S., Beardow Z., Mostert M., Brosnan S., Pinto N., Harris S., Summors A., Andrew N., Rose A., Appelboam R., Davies O., Vickers E., Agarwal B., Szakmany T., Wimbush S., Welters I., Pearse R., Hollands R., Kirk-Bayley J., Fletcher N., Bray B., Brealey D., Delle Karth G., Draxler V., Filzwieser G., Heindl W., Kellner G., Lenz K., Rossmann E., Wiedermann C., Chochrad D., Damas P., Decruyenaere J., Hoste E., Devriendt J., Espeel B., Installe E., Malbrain M., Nollet G., Preiser J. C., Raemaekers J., Roman A., Simon M., Spapen H., Swinnen W., Vallot F., Chytra I., Herold I., Polak F., Sterba M., Bestle M., Espersen K., Guldager H., Welling K. -L., Nyman D., Ruokonen E., Annane D., Catogni P., Colas G., Coulomb F., Dorne R., Garrouste M., Isetta C., Larche J., LeGall J. -R., Lessire H., Malledant Y., Mateu P., Ossart M., Schlossmacher P., Timsit J. -F., Winnock S., Sollet J. -P., Mallet L., Maurer P., Sab J. M., Aykut G., Brunkhorst F., Lauterbach M., Ragaller M., Gatz R., Gerlach H., Henzler D., Hopf H. -B., Hueneburg H., Karzai W., Keller A., Bauer T., Kuhlmann U., Langgartner J., Manhold C., Reith B., Schuerholz T., Spies C., Stogbauer R., Unterburger J., Clouva-Molyvdas P. -M., Giokas G., Ioannidou E., Lahana A., Liolios A., Marathias K., Tasiou A., Tsangaris H., Marsh B., Power M., Sprung C., Biagioli B., Bobbio Pallavicini F., Pesenti A., Della Corte F., Donadio P. P., Donati A., Giorgio T., Giudici D., Greco S., Guadagnucci A., Lapichino G., Livigni S., Moise G., Nardi G., Panascia E., Pizzamiglio M., Ranieri V. M., Rosi R., Sicignano A., Solca M., Vignali G., Volpe Rinonapoli I., Barnas M., De Bel E. E., De Pont A. -C., Groeneveld J., Nijsten M., Sie L., Zandstra D. F., Harboe S., Linden S., Lovstad R. Z., Moen H., Smith-Erichsen N., Piotrowski A., Karpel E., Pais-De-Lacerda A., Paiva J. A., Pimentel A., Jovanovic K., Malik P., Lucka K., Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano C., Artigas A., Escorsell A., Nicolas J., Izura Cea J. J., Montejo J., Palencia E., Santos F., Sierra-Camerino R., Sipmann F., Brodersen K., Haggqvist J., Hermansson D., Hjelmqvist H., Loderer G., Maggiorini M., Andrews P., Appadu B., Bewley J., Burchett K., Chambers P., Coakley J., Doberenz D., Eastwood N., Fielden J., Gedney J., Gunning K., Harling D., Jankowski S., Jayson D., Kilner A., Krishna-Kumar V., Lei K., Mackenzie S., Macnaughton P., McCulloch C., Morgan P., Rhodes A., Roberts C., Russell M., Tupper-Carey D., Wright M., Twohey L., Watts J., Webster R., Williams D., Vincent, J, Lefrant, J, Kotfis, K, Nanchal, R, Martin-Loeches, I, Wittebole, X, Sakka, S, Pickkers, P, Moreno, R, Sakr, Y, Pavlik, P, Manak, J, Kieslichova, E, Turek, R, Fischer, M, Valkova, R, Dadak, L, Dostal, P, Malaska, J, Hajek, R, Zidkova, A, Lavicka, P, Medve, L, Sarkany, A, Kremer, I, Marjanek, Z, Tamasi, P, Kolbusz, J, Kubler, A, Mielczarek, B, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M, Tamowicz, B, Sulkowski, W, Smuszkiewicz, P, Pihowicz, A, Trejnowska, E, Hagau, N, Filipescu, D, Droc, G, Lupu, M, Nica, A, Stoica, R, Tomescu, D, Constantinescu, D, Valcoreanu Zbaganu, G, Slavcovici, A, Soskic, L, Palibrk, I, Jankovic, R, Jovanovic, B, Pandurovic, M, Bumbasirevic, V, Uljarevic, B, Surbatovic, M, Ladjevic, N, Slobodianiuk, G, Sobona, V, Cikova, A, Gebhardtova, A, Cohen, J, Sold, O, Urbanek, P, Schlieber, J, Reisinger, J, Auer, J, Hartjes, A, Lerche, A, Janous, T, Kink, E, Krahulec, W, Smolle, K, Van Der Schueren, M, Thibo, P, Vanhoof, M, Ahmet, I, Philippe, G, Dufaye, P, Jacobs, O, Fraipont, V, Biston, P, Dive, A, Bouckaert, Y, Gilbert, E, Gressens, B, Pinck, E, Collin, V, De Waele, J, Rimachi, R, Gusu, D, De Decker, K, Mandianga, K, Heytens, L, Herbert, S, Olivier, V, Vandenheede, W, Rogiers, P, Kolodzeike, P, Kruse, M, Andersen, T, Harjola, V, Saarinen, K, Leone, M, Durocher, A, Moulront, S, Lepape, A, Losser, M, Cabaret, P, Kalaitzis, E, Zogheib, E, Charve, P, Francois, B, Beilouny, B, Forceville, X, Misset, B, Jacobs, F, Bernard, F, Payen, D, Wynckel, A, Castelain, V, Faure, A, Lavagne, P, Thierry, L, Moussa, M, Vieillard-Baron, A, Durand, M, Gainnier, M, Ichai, C, Arens, S, Hoffmann, C, Kaffarnik, M, Scharnofske, C, Voigt, I, Peckelsen, C, Weber, M, Gille, J, Lange, A, Schoser, G, Sablotzki, A, Jaschinski, U, Bluethgen, A, Vogel, F, Tscheu, A, Fuchs, T, Wattenberg, M, Helmes, T, Scieszka, S, Heintz, M, Kohler, J, Fiedler, F, Danz, M, Riessen, R, Kerz, T, Kersten, A, Tacke, F, Marx, G, Volkert, T, Schmutz, A, Nierhaus, A, Kluge, S, Abel, P, Janosi, R, Utzolino, S, Bracht, H, Toussaint, S, Giannakou Peftoulidou, M, Myrianthefs, P, Armaganidis, A, Routsi, C, Xini, A, Mouloudi, E, Kokoris, I, Kyriazopoulos, G, Vlachos, S, Lavrentieva, A, Partala, P, Nakos, G, Barry, J, O'Leary, R, Motherway, C, Faheem, M, Dunne, E, Donnelly, M, Konrad, T, Bonora, E, Achilli, C, Rossi, S, Castiglione, G, Peris, A, Albanese, D, Stocchetti, N, Citerio, G, Mozzoni, L, Sisillo, E, De Negri, P, Savioli, M, Vecchiarelli, P, Puflea, F, Stankovic, V, Minoja, G, Montibeller, S, Calligaro, P, Sorrentino, R, Feri, M, Zambon, M, Colombaroli, E, Giarratano, A, Pellis, T, Capra, C, Antonelli, M, Gullo, A, Chelazzi, C, De Capraris, A, Patroniti, N, Girardis, M, Franchi, F, Berlot, G, Ponssen, H, Ten Cate, J, Bormans, L, Husada, S, Buise, M, Van Der Hoven, B, Reidinga, A, Kuiper, M, Kluge, G, Den Boer, S, Kesecioglu, J, Van Leeuwen, H, Flaatten, H, Mo, S, Branco, V, Rua, F, Lafuente, E, Sousa, M, Catorze, N, Barros, M, Pereira, L, Vintem De Oliveira, A, Gomes, J, Gaspar, I, Pereira, M, Cymbron, M, Dias, A, Almeida, E, Beirao, S, Serra, I, Ribeiro, R, Povoa, P, Faria, F, Costa-E-Silva, Z, Nobrega, J, Fernandes, F, Gabriel, J, Voga, G, Rupnik, E, Kosec, L, Kerin Povsic, M, Osojnik, I, Tomic, V, Sinkovic, A, Gonzalez, J, Zavala, E, Perez Valenzuela, J, Marina, L, Vidal-Cortes, P, Posada, P, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, A, Munoz Guillen, N, Palomar, M, Sole-Violan, J, Torres, A, Gonzalez Gallego, M, Aguilar, G, Montoiro Allue, R, Argueso, M, Parejo, M, Palomo Navarro, M, Jose, A, Nin, N, Alvarez Lerma, F, Martinez, O, Tenza Lozano, E, Arenal Lopez, S, Perez Granda, M, Moreno, S, Llubia, C, De La Fuente Martos, C, Gonzalez-Arenas, P, Llamas Fernandez, N, Gil Rueda, B, Estruch Pons, I, Cruza, N, Maroto, F, Estella, A, Ferrer, A, Iglesias Fraile, L, Quindos, B, Quintano, A, Tebar, M, Cardinal, P, Reyes, A, Rodriguez, A, Abella, A, Garcia Del Valle, S, Yus, S, Maseda, E, Berezo, J, Tejero Pedregosa, A, Laplaza, C, Ferrer, R, Rico-Feijoo, J, Rodriguez, M, Monedero, P, Eriksson, K, Lind, D, Chabanel, D, Zender, H, Heer, K, Frankenberger, B, Jakob, S, Haller, A, Mathew, S, Downes, R, Barrera Groba, C, Johnston, A, Meacher, R, Keays, R, Haji-Michael, P, Tyler, C, Ferguson, A, Jones, S, Tyl, D, Ball, A, Vogel, J, Booth, M, Downie, P, Watters, M, Brett, S, Garfield, M, Everett, L, Heenen, S, Dhir, S, Beardow, Z, Mostert, M, Brosnan, S, Pinto, N, Harris, S, Summors, A, Andrew, N, Rose, A, Appelboam, R, Davies, O, Vickers, E, Agarwal, B, Szakmany, T, Wimbush, S, Welters, I, Pearse, R, Hollands, R, Kirk-Bayley, J, Fletcher, N, Bray, B, Brealey, D, Delle Karth, G, Draxler, V, Filzwieser, G, Heindl, W, Kellner, G, Lenz, K, Rossmann, E, Wiedermann, C, Chochrad, D, Damas, P, Decruyenaere, J, Hoste, E, Devriendt, J, Espeel, B, Installe, E, Malbrain, M, Nollet, G, Preiser, J, Raemaekers, J, Roman, A, Simon, M, Spapen, H, Swinnen, W, Vallot, F, Chytra, I, Herold, I, Polak, F, Sterba, M, Bestle, M, Espersen, K, Guldager, H, Welling, K, Nyman, D, Ruokonen, E, Annane, D, Catogni, P, Colas, G, Coulomb, F, Dorne, R, Garrouste, M, Isetta, C, Larche, J, Legall, J, Lessire, H, Malledant, Y, Mateu, P, Ossart, M, Schlossmacher, P, Timsit, J, Winnock, S, Sollet, J, Mallet, L, Maurer, P, Sab, J, Aykut, G, Brunkhorst, F, Lauterbach, M, Ragaller, M, Gatz, R, Gerlach, H, Henzler, D, Hopf, H, Hueneburg, H, Karzai, W, Keller, A, Bauer, T, Kuhlmann, U, Langgartner, J, Manhold, C, Reith, B, Schuerholz, T, Spies, C, Stogbauer, R, Unterburger, J, Clouva-Molyvdas, P, Giokas, G, Ioannidou, E, Lahana, A, Liolios, A, Marathias, K, Tasiou, A, Tsangaris, H, Marsh, B, Power, M, Sprung, C, Biagioli, B, Bobbio Pallavicini, F, Pesenti, A, Della Corte, F, Donadio, P, Donati, A, Giorgio, T, Giudici, D, Greco, S, Guadagnucci, A, Lapichino, G, Livigni, S, Moise, G, Nardi, G, Panascia, E, Pizzamiglio, M, Ranieri, V, Rosi, R, Sicignano, A, Solca, M, Vignali, G, Volpe Rinonapoli, I, Barnas, M, De Bel, E, De Pont, A, Groeneveld, J, Nijsten, M, Sie, L, Zandstra, D, Harboe, S, Linden, S, Lovstad, R, Moen, H, Smith-Erichsen, N, Piotrowski, A, Karpel, E, Pais-De-Lacerda, A, Paiva, J, Pimentel, A, Jovanovic, K, Malik, P, Lucka, K, Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano, C, Artigas, A, Escorsell, A, Nicolas, J, Izura Cea, J, Montejo, J, Palencia, E, Santos, F, Sierra-Camerino, R, Sipmann, F, Brodersen, K, Haggqvist, J, Hermansson, D, Hjelmqvist, H, Loderer, G, Maggiorini, M, Andrews, P, Appadu, B, Bewley, J, Burchett, K, Chambers, P, Coakley, J, Doberenz, D, Eastwood, N, Fielden, J, Gedney, J, Gunning, K, Harling, D, Jankowski, S, Jayson, D, Kilner, A, Krishna-Kumar, V, Lei, K, Mackenzie, S, Macnaughton, P, Mcculloch, C, Morgan, P, Rhodes, A, Roberts, C, Russell, M, Tupper-Carey, D, Wright, M, Twohey, L, Watts, J, Webster, R, Williams, D, Vincent J. -L., Lefrant J. -Y., Kotfis K., Nanchal R., Martin-Loeches I., Wittebole X., Sakka S. G., Pickkers P., Moreno R., Sakr Y., Pavlik P., Manak J., Kieslichova E., Turek R., Fischer M., Valkova R., Dadak L., Dostal P., Malaska J., Hajek R., Zidkova A., Lavicka P., Medve L., Sarkany A., Kremer I., Marjanek Z., Tamasi P., Kolbusz J., Kubler A., Mielczarek B., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M., Tamowicz B., Sulkowski W., Smuszkiewicz P., Pihowicz A., Trejnowska E., Hagau N., Filipescu D., Droc G., Lupu M., Nica A., Stoica R., Tomescu D., Constantinescu D., Valcoreanu Zbaganu G., Slavcovici A., Soskic L., Palibrk I., Jankovic R., Jovanovic B., Pandurovic M., Bumbasirevic V., Uljarevic B., Surbatovic M., Ladjevic N., Slobodianiuk G., Sobona V., Cikova A., Gebhardtova A., Cohen J., Sold O., Urbanek P., Schlieber J., Reisinger J., Auer J., Hartjes A., Lerche A., Janous T., Kink E., Krahulec W., Smolle K., Van Der Schueren M., Thibo P., Vanhoof M., Ahmet I., Philippe G., Dufaye P., Jacobs O., Fraipont V., Biston P., Dive A., Bouckaert Y., Gilbert E., Gressens B., Pinck E., Collin V., De Waele J., Rimachi R., Gusu D., De Decker K., Mandianga K., Heytens L., Herbert S., Olivier V., Vandenheede W., Rogiers P., Kolodzeike P., Kruse M., Andersen T., Harjola V., Saarinen K., Leone M., Durocher A., Moulront S., Lepape A., Losser M., Cabaret P., Kalaitzis E., Zogheib E., Charve P., Francois B., Beilouny B., Forceville X., Misset B., Jacobs F., Bernard F., Payen D., Wynckel A., Castelain V., Faure A., Lavagne P., Thierry L., Moussa M., Vieillard-Baron A., Durand M., Gainnier M., Ichai C., Arens S., Hoffmann C., Kaffarnik M., Scharnofske C., Voigt I., Peckelsen C., Weber M., Gille J., Lange A., Schoser G., Sablotzki A., Jaschinski U., Bluethgen A., Vogel F., Tscheu A., Fuchs T., Wattenberg M., Helmes T., Scieszka S., Heintz M., Sakka S., Kohler J., Fiedler F., Danz M., Riessen R., Kerz T., Kersten A., Tacke F., Marx G., Volkert T., Schmutz A., Nierhaus A., Kluge S., Abel P., Janosi R., Utzolino S., Bracht H., Toussaint S., Giannakou Peftoulidou M., Myrianthefs P., Armaganidis A., Routsi C., Xini A., Mouloudi E., Kokoris I., Kyriazopoulos G., Vlachos S., Lavrentieva A., Partala P., Nakos G., Barry J., O'Leary R., Motherway C., Faheem M., Dunne E., Donnelly M., Konrad T., Bonora E., Achilli C., Rossi S., Castiglione G., Peris A., Albanese D., Stocchetti N., Citerio G., Mozzoni L., Sisillo E., De Negri P., Savioli M., Vecchiarelli P., Puflea F., Stankovic V., Minoja G., Montibeller S., Calligaro P., Sorrentino R., Feri M., Zambon M., Colombaroli E., Giarratano A., Pellis T., Capra C., Antonelli M., Gullo A., Chelazzi C., De Capraris A., Patroniti N., Girardis M., Franchi F., Berlot G., Ponssen H., Ten Cate J., Bormans L., Husada S., Buise M., Van Der Hoven B., Reidinga A., Kuiper M., Kluge G., Den Boer S., Kesecioglu J., Van Leeuwen H., Flaatten H., Mo S., Branco V., Rua F., Lafuente E., Sousa M., Catorze N., Barros M., Pereira L., Vintem De Oliveira A., Gomes J., Gaspar I., Pereira M., Cymbron M., Dias A., Almeida E., Beirao S., Serra I., Ribeiro R., Povoa P., Faria F., Costa-E-Silva Z., Nobrega J., Fernandes F., Gabriel J., Voga G., Rupnik E., Kosec L., Kerin Povsic M., Osojnik I., Tomic V., Sinkovic A., Gonzalez J., Zavala E., Perez Valenzuela J., Marina L., Vidal-Cortes P., Posada P., Ignacio Martin-Loeches A., Munoz Guillen N., Palomar M., Sole-Violan J., Torres A., Gonzalez Gallego M., Aguilar G., Montoiro Allue R., Argueso M., Parejo M., Palomo Navarro M., Jose A., Nin N., Alvarez Lerma F., Martinez O., Tenza Lozano E., Arenal Lopez S., Perez Granda M., Moreno S., Llubia C., De La Fuente Martos C., Gonzalez-Arenas P., Llamas Fernandez N., Gil Rueda B., Estruch Pons I., Cruza N., Maroto F., Estella A., Ferrer A., Iglesias Fraile L., Quindos B., Quintano A., Tebar M., Cardinal P., Reyes A., Rodriguez A., Abella A., Garcia Del Valle S., Yus S., Maseda E., Berezo J., Tejero Pedregosa A., Laplaza C., Ferrer R., Rico-Feijoo J., Rodriguez M., Monedero P., Eriksson K., Lind D., Chabanel D., Zender H., Heer K., Frankenberger B., Jakob S., Haller A., Mathew S., Downes R., Barrera Groba C., Johnston A., Meacher R., Keays R., Haji-Michael P., Tyler C., Ferguson A., Jones S., Tyl D., Ball A., Vogel J., Booth M., Downie P., Watters M., Brett S., Garfield M., Everett L., Heenen S., Dhir S., Beardow Z., Mostert M., Brosnan S., Pinto N., Harris S., Summors A., Andrew N., Rose A., Appelboam R., Davies O., Vickers E., Agarwal B., Szakmany T., Wimbush S., Welters I., Pearse R., Hollands R., Kirk-Bayley J., Fletcher N., Bray B., Brealey D., Delle Karth G., Draxler V., Filzwieser G., Heindl W., Kellner G., Lenz K., Rossmann E., Wiedermann C., Chochrad D., Damas P., Decruyenaere J., Hoste E., Devriendt J., Espeel B., Installe E., Malbrain M., Nollet G., Preiser J. C., Raemaekers J., Roman A., Simon M., Spapen H., Swinnen W., Vallot F., Chytra I., Herold I., Polak F., Sterba M., Bestle M., Espersen K., Guldager H., Welling K. -L., Nyman D., Ruokonen E., Annane D., Catogni P., Colas G., Coulomb F., Dorne R., Garrouste M., Isetta C., Larche J., LeGall J. -R., Lessire H., Malledant Y., Mateu P., Ossart M., Schlossmacher P., Timsit J. -F., Winnock S., Sollet J. -P., Mallet L., Maurer P., Sab J. M., Aykut G., Brunkhorst F., Lauterbach M., Ragaller M., Gatz R., Gerlach H., Henzler D., Hopf H. -B., Hueneburg H., Karzai W., Keller A., Bauer T., Kuhlmann U., Langgartner J., Manhold C., Reith B., Schuerholz T., Spies C., Stogbauer R., Unterburger J., Clouva-Molyvdas P. -M., Giokas G., Ioannidou E., Lahana A., Liolios A., Marathias K., Tasiou A., Tsangaris H., Marsh B., Power M., Sprung C., Biagioli B., Bobbio Pallavicini F., Pesenti A., Della Corte F., Donadio P. P., Donati A., Giorgio T., Giudici D., Greco S., Guadagnucci A., Lapichino G., Livigni S., Moise G., Nardi G., Panascia E., Pizzamiglio M., Ranieri V. M., Rosi R., Sicignano A., Solca M., Vignali G., Volpe Rinonapoli I., Barnas M., De Bel E. E., De Pont A. -C., Groeneveld J., Nijsten M., Sie L., Zandstra D. F., Harboe S., Linden S., Lovstad R. Z., Moen H., Smith-Erichsen N., Piotrowski A., Karpel E., Pais-De-Lacerda A., Paiva J. A., Pimentel A., Jovanovic K., Malik P., Lucka K., Aldecoa Alvarez-Santullano C., Artigas A., Escorsell A., Nicolas J., Izura Cea J. J., Montejo J., Palencia E., Santos F., Sierra-Camerino R., Sipmann F., Brodersen K., Haggqvist J., Hermansson D., Hjelmqvist H., Loderer G., Maggiorini M., Andrews P., Appadu B., Bewley J., Burchett K., Chambers P., Coakley J., Doberenz D., Eastwood N., Fielden J., Gedney J., Gunning K., Harling D., Jankowski S., Jayson D., Kilner A., Krishna-Kumar V., Lei K., Mackenzie S., Macnaughton P., McCulloch C., Morgan P., Rhodes A., Roberts C., Russell M., Tupper-Carey D., Wright M., Twohey L., Watts J., Webster R., and Williams D.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate differences in the characteristics and outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) patients over time. Methods: We reviewed all epidemiological data, including comorbidities, types and severity of organ failure, interventions, lengths of stay and outcome, for patients from the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely ill Patients (SOAP) study, an observational study conducted in European intensive care units in 2002, and the Intensive Care Over Nations (ICON) audit, a survey of intensive care unit patients conducted in 2012. Results: We compared the 3147 patients from the SOAP study with the 4852 patients from the ICON audit admitted to intensive care units in the same countries as those in the SOAP study. The ICON patients were older (62.5 ± 17.0 vs. 60.6 ± 17.4 years) and had higher severity scores than the SOAP patients. The proportion of patients with sepsis at any time during the intensive care unit stay was slightly higher in the ICON study (31.9 vs. 29.6%, p = 0.03). In multilevel analysis, the adjusted odds of ICU mortality were significantly lower for ICON patients than for SOAP patients, particularly in patients with sepsis [OR 0.45 (0.35–0.59), p < 0.001]. Conclusions: Over the 10-year period between 2002 and 2012, the proportion of patients with sepsis admitted to European ICUs remained relatively stable, but the severity of disease increased. In multilevel analysis, the odds of ICU mortality were lower in our 2012 cohort compared to our 2002 cohort, particularly in patients with sepsis.

Published
2018

23. Repair of the pronator quadratus muscle with a part of the brachioradialis muscle insertion in volar plate fixation of a distal radius fracture

Author

Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

The problem Stable pronator quadratus repair following volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures with complete plate coverage is often difficult. The solution Detachment of the pronator quadratus muscle (PQ) with a strong rim of connective tissue consisting of a fibrous portion of the roof of the first extensor compartment and the volar limb of the brachioradialis muscle (BR) insertion; stable suture repair of the PQ with complete coverage of a volar plate after osteosynthesis of a distal radius fracture. Surgical technique Radiopalmar approach between the radial artery and the flexor carpi radialis tendon to the PQ; sharp dissection below the radial artery onto the first extensor compartment, which is opened; retraction of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendon; presentation of the BR insertion at the bottom of the first extensor compartment; incision of the BR insertion halfway to proximal and dissection of the volar limb at the transition to the free BR tendon; release of the PQ from the distal radius; after reduction and internal fixation repair of the PQ with complete coverage of the volar locking plate due to slight distal transposition. Results Pronator quadratus repair with a part of the brachioradialis muscle insertion is a reliable technique for coverage of a volar plate by slight distal transposition. In the repair of distal radius fractures, this may protect the finger flexor tendons against irritation and/or rupture.

Published
2020

24. Surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: open release of the flexor retinaculum and hypothenar fat flap for revision surgery

Author

Ayache, A., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Loew, S., Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Loew, S., and Spies, C. K.

Abstract

Objective Decompression of the median nerve by complete release of the flexor retinaculum and the distal antebrachial fascia. In the case of revision surgery providing of a scar-free covering of the median nerve, if necessary. Indications Carpal tunnel release is indicated for symptomatic patients with painful paraesthesia or neurological deficits after adequate diagnostic evaluation. The hypothenar fat flap is indicated in revision surgery if a sufficient nerve bed of the median nerve is needed and to restore nerve gliding. Contraindications General operative limitations. The hypothenar fat flap is not indicated in revision surgery if median nerve irritation is not caused by surrounding scaring but other reasons like tendonitis. Surgical technique Proximal longitudinal incision of the palm. Subcutaneous dissection and incision of the palmar aponeurosis. Careful ulnar incision of the transverse carpal ligament. Considerate release of the distal and proximal parts of the retinaculum as well as the distal part of the antebrachial fascia. Exploration of the median nerve and palpation of the carpal tunnel and resection of compressive structures, if necessary. In case of revision surgery, if required, the hypothenar fat flap is raised. The fat flap is transposed without tension palmar to the median nerve and fixed to the radial side of the carpal tunnel. Postoperative management Early functional mobilization. Immobilization for a short period is optional. After revision surgery and hypothenar fat flap, splinting for one week is recommended.

Published
2020

25. Tenolysis of extensor and flexor tendons of the hand

Author

Hohendorff, B., Kaya, H., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Kaya, H., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

Background Unrestricted gliding of extensor and flexor tendons is essential for normal functioning of the hand. If tendon gliding is impaired, a restricted range of motion of finger joints and, finally, joint stiffness result. Objectives To answer the questions about the causes of tenodesis in the hand, which examinations are most informative, how tenolysis is technically performed, and what results can be expected. Methods The reasons, examinations, surgical technique, and results of extensor and flexor tendon tenolysis are presented. Results Based on the data in the literature tenolysis of flexor tendons leads to range of motion that is only 50-60% of the preoperative range of motion. In about 20% of patients, deterioration as serious as secondary tendon rupture is observed. Meaningful results of extensor tendon tenolysis have not yet been published. Conclusions Tenolysis of extensor and flexor tendons in the hand is a demanding surgical procedure, and in addition to detailed knowledge of anatomy and biomechanics, it requires sufficient experience-especially following the primary repair of tendon injuries. The earliest indication for tenolysis can occur at about 3 months, usually after 6 months, if continuous intensive hand therapy and splinting have not been successful. General and individual benefits and risks must be carefully weighed. The key to successful tenolysis is the patient's access to and unrestricted participation in competent postoperative treatment, ideally performed by a specialist in hand therapy, which may last for weeks or months.

Published
2020

26. Revision surgery after failed (partial-) arthrodesis of the wrist

Author

Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Loew, S., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Loew, S., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., and Unglaub, F.

Abstract

(Partial) arthrodeses of the wrist have been proven cornerstones to treat many lesions for decades, especially in the case of revision surgery. Four-corner, scapho-trapezo-trapezoidal (STT), radio-scapho-lunate (RSL) and total wrist fusions are very common techniques in hand surgery. However, even these proven surgical procedures have significant non-fusion rates. Prior to revising a failed arthrodesis, it is essential to analyse the latter failure precisely. A technically adequate revision is only feasible when based on a correct and meticulous analysis. The understanding of the biological processes and technical aspects of the implants are the basis for solving this issue.

Published
2020

27. Learning needs of caregivers of older persons in residential care facilities: an explorative case study

Author

Marais, Cecilia, Van Jaarsveldt, D. E., Spies, C., Marais, Cecilia, Van Jaarsveldt, D. E., and Spies, C.

Abstract

Caregivers play a prominent role in rendering basic care to older persons in residential care facilities, whose needs are intricate and unpredictable. Yet, caregivers were found to be underprepared, especially in rural areas of the Northern Cape province in South Africa. Substandard education, training and the absence of formal in-service training programmes contribute to varied quality of care, as well as caregiver stress and burnout. Therefore the question arose: What are the learning needs of caregivers of older persons in residential care facilities in two sub-districts of the Northern Cape province? Guided by constructivism, knowledge was socially constructed by incorporating the perspectives of various role players. In accordance with the research question and the need to obtain multiple perspectives within a particular geographical context, an explorative case study design was applied. Data were collected by means of four respective nominal groups with caregivers and family members of residents, as well as a small group interview with the registered nurses working at three facilities. During data analysis the different data sets were individually analysed and then consolidated. Eight main categories of learning needs were identified, namely: basic nursing skills, hygiene, Alzheimer’s disease, medication, communication, rights and responsibilities, as well as staff monitoring and evaluation. Many of the suggested learning needs were, however, beyond the expected tasks of caregivers set by the South African Qualifications Authority unit standard for the provision of care to a frail person. The ignorance of the caregivers with regard to essential aspects such as their rights and job description revealed unfair labour practices. Ethics of employment emerged from the findings as underlying theme with unrealistic work expectations and a power disadvantage as subthemes. A formal in-service training programme addressing the learning needs, appropriate for the caregiv

Published
2020

33. Repair of the pronator quadratus muscle with a part of the brachioradialis muscle insertion in volar plate fixation of a distal radius fracture

Author

Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

The problem Stable pronator quadratus repair following volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures with complete plate coverage is often difficult. The solution Detachment of the pronator quadratus muscle (PQ) with a strong rim of connective tissue consisting of a fibrous portion of the roof of the first extensor compartment and the volar limb of the brachioradialis muscle (BR) insertion; stable suture repair of the PQ with complete coverage of a volar plate after osteosynthesis of a distal radius fracture. Surgical technique Radiopalmar approach between the radial artery and the flexor carpi radialis tendon to the PQ; sharp dissection below the radial artery onto the first extensor compartment, which is opened; retraction of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendon; presentation of the BR insertion at the bottom of the first extensor compartment; incision of the BR insertion halfway to proximal and dissection of the volar limb at the transition to the free BR tendon; release of the PQ from the distal radius; after reduction and internal fixation repair of the PQ with complete coverage of the volar locking plate due to slight distal transposition. Results Pronator quadratus repair with a part of the brachioradialis muscle insertion is a reliable technique for coverage of a volar plate by slight distal transposition. In the repair of distal radius fractures, this may protect the finger flexor tendons against irritation and/or rupture.

Published
2020

34. Surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: open release of the flexor retinaculum and hypothenar fat flap for revision surgery

Author

Ayache, A., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Loew, S., Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Loew, S., and Spies, C. K.

Abstract

Objective Decompression of the median nerve by complete release of the flexor retinaculum and the distal antebrachial fascia. In the case of revision surgery providing of a scar-free covering of the median nerve, if necessary. Indications Carpal tunnel release is indicated for symptomatic patients with painful paraesthesia or neurological deficits after adequate diagnostic evaluation. The hypothenar fat flap is indicated in revision surgery if a sufficient nerve bed of the median nerve is needed and to restore nerve gliding. Contraindications General operative limitations. The hypothenar fat flap is not indicated in revision surgery if median nerve irritation is not caused by surrounding scaring but other reasons like tendonitis. Surgical technique Proximal longitudinal incision of the palm. Subcutaneous dissection and incision of the palmar aponeurosis. Careful ulnar incision of the transverse carpal ligament. Considerate release of the distal and proximal parts of the retinaculum as well as the distal part of the antebrachial fascia. Exploration of the median nerve and palpation of the carpal tunnel and resection of compressive structures, if necessary. In case of revision surgery, if required, the hypothenar fat flap is raised. The fat flap is transposed without tension palmar to the median nerve and fixed to the radial side of the carpal tunnel. Postoperative management Early functional mobilization. Immobilization for a short period is optional. After revision surgery and hypothenar fat flap, splinting for one week is recommended.

Published
2020

35. Tenolysis of extensor and flexor tendons of the hand

Author

Hohendorff, B., Kaya, H., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Kaya, H., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

Background Unrestricted gliding of extensor and flexor tendons is essential for normal functioning of the hand. If tendon gliding is impaired, a restricted range of motion of finger joints and, finally, joint stiffness result. Objectives To answer the questions about the causes of tenodesis in the hand, which examinations are most informative, how tenolysis is technically performed, and what results can be expected. Methods The reasons, examinations, surgical technique, and results of extensor and flexor tendon tenolysis are presented. Results Based on the data in the literature tenolysis of flexor tendons leads to range of motion that is only 50-60% of the preoperative range of motion. In about 20% of patients, deterioration as serious as secondary tendon rupture is observed. Meaningful results of extensor tendon tenolysis have not yet been published. Conclusions Tenolysis of extensor and flexor tendons in the hand is a demanding surgical procedure, and in addition to detailed knowledge of anatomy and biomechanics, it requires sufficient experience-especially following the primary repair of tendon injuries. The earliest indication for tenolysis can occur at about 3 months, usually after 6 months, if continuous intensive hand therapy and splinting have not been successful. General and individual benefits and risks must be carefully weighed. The key to successful tenolysis is the patient's access to and unrestricted participation in competent postoperative treatment, ideally performed by a specialist in hand therapy, which may last for weeks or months.

Published
2020

36. Revision surgery after failed (partial-) arthrodesis of the wrist

Author

Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Loew, S., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Ayache, A., Loew, S., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., and Unglaub, F.

Abstract

(Partial) arthrodeses of the wrist have been proven cornerstones to treat many lesions for decades, especially in the case of revision surgery. Four-corner, scapho-trapezo-trapezoidal (STT), radio-scapho-lunate (RSL) and total wrist fusions are very common techniques in hand surgery. However, even these proven surgical procedures have significant non-fusion rates. Prior to revising a failed arthrodesis, it is essential to analyse the latter failure precisely. A technically adequate revision is only feasible when based on a correct and meticulous analysis. The understanding of the biological processes and technical aspects of the implants are the basis for solving this issue.

Published
2020

37. fMRI network correlates of predisposing risk factors for delirium: A cross-sectional study

Author

Onderzoek Brain at Risk, Brain, Medische Staf Intensive Care, Onderzoek Beeld, Cancer, MS Radiologie, Researchgr. Neuroradiologie, Circulatory Health, Affectieve & Psychotische Med., Psychiatrie_Medisch, van Montfort, S J T, Slooter, A J C, Kant, I M J, van der Leur, R R, Spies, C, de Bresser, J, Witkamp, T D, Hendrikse, J, van Dellen, E, Onderzoek Brain at Risk, Brain, Medische Staf Intensive Care, Onderzoek Beeld, Cancer, MS Radiologie, Researchgr. Neuroradiologie, Circulatory Health, Affectieve & Psychotische Med., Psychiatrie_Medisch, van Montfort, S J T, Slooter, A J C, Kant, I M J, van der Leur, R R, Spies, C, de Bresser, J, Witkamp, T D, Hendrikse, J, and van Dellen, E

Published
2020

38. Anatomy of the trapeziometacarpal joint in the context of arthroplasty

Author

Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Jung, M., Mueller, L. P., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Jung, M., Mueller, L. P., and Spies, C. K.

Abstract

The thumb has a crucial role in the hand due to its position with regard to the fingers. The CMC-1 joint enables an extraordinary range of motion, since its geometry allows for opposition. The former joint may often succumb to osteoarthritis because a great range of motion in combination with large forces, small contact areas, and thorough usage are always present. Joint replacement is challenged by the great range of motion based on the necessary joint stability and the demand for sufficient pain reduction. This review highlights the anatomy of the CMC-1 joint with regard to joint preplacement solutions.

Published
2019

39. Metacarpophalangeal joint replacement

Author

Spies, C. K., Langer, M. F., Loew, S., Oppermann, J., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Langer, M. F., Loew, S., Oppermann, J., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., and Unglaub, F.

Abstract

BackgroundArthroplasty of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints is crucial for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Motion preserving therapies are mandatory for this joint, since loss of function of the MCP joint is detrimental. Many protheses or spacers have been introduced over the last 80years, but most of them have been dismissed due to major complications.Current ProceduresSince the 1960s the Swanson spacer has been established as the reference standard for motion preserving procedures of the finger MCP joints. High fracture rates of the spacer do not seem to limit function and patient satisfaction after all. Current long-term studies show at least promising results for pyrolytic carbon protheses with respect to range of motion, survival, and revision rates in comparison to the Swanson spacer.

Published
2019

40. Anatomy of themetacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal finger joint with respect to arthroplasty

Author

Hohendorff, B., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

BackgroundPrecise knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint is the basis for both indication and implantation of afinger joint prosthesis. Currently available finger joint prostheses inadequately take into account individual, ethnological, gender, age, and side differences. They can remain compromised despite the possible combination of their components.ObjectivesTo elucidate which problems of finger joint arthroplasty exist due to the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints.MethodsThe anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint are described, and the problems and solutions of finger joint arthroplasty are presented.ResultsDespite precise knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint, not all problems of finger joint arthroplasty have been solved. However, a modular surface replacement appears promising for the proximal interphalangeal joint.ConclusionsArtificial joint replacement of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint is difficult with regard to morphology, small bone dimensions, complex biomechanics, and the strain of the hand. Further improvements, especially in design, should be achieved by exact anatomical imitation.

Published
2019

41. Surgical approaches to the hand

Author

Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Wegmann, K., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Wegmann, K., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

Objective Accessibility of any anatomical structure of the hand via surgical approach. Indications Any surgical treatment of the hand. Contraindications Any contraindication to surgical treatment of the hand. Surgical technique Skin incision at the hand with access to any anatomical structure. Postoperative management Postoperative treatment depends on the disease and hand surgery performed.

Published
2019

42. Metacarpophalangeal joint replacement

Author

Spies, C. K., Langer, M. F., Loew, S., Oppermann, J., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Langer, M. F., Loew, S., Oppermann, J., Hohendorff, B., Mueller, L. P., and Unglaub, F.

Abstract

BackgroundArthroplasty of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints is crucial for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Motion preserving therapies are mandatory for this joint, since loss of function of the MCP joint is detrimental. Many protheses or spacers have been introduced over the last 80years, but most of them have been dismissed due to major complications.Current ProceduresSince the 1960s the Swanson spacer has been established as the reference standard for motion preserving procedures of the finger MCP joints. High fracture rates of the spacer do not seem to limit function and patient satisfaction after all. Current long-term studies show at least promising results for pyrolytic carbon protheses with respect to range of motion, survival, and revision rates in comparison to the Swanson spacer.

Published
2019

43. Anatomy of themetacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal finger joint with respect to arthroplasty

Author

Hohendorff, B., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

BackgroundPrecise knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint is the basis for both indication and implantation of afinger joint prosthesis. Currently available finger joint prostheses inadequately take into account individual, ethnological, gender, age, and side differences. They can remain compromised despite the possible combination of their components.ObjectivesTo elucidate which problems of finger joint arthroplasty exist due to the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints.MethodsThe anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint are described, and the problems and solutions of finger joint arthroplasty are presented.ResultsDespite precise knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint, not all problems of finger joint arthroplasty have been solved. However, a modular surface replacement appears promising for the proximal interphalangeal joint.ConclusionsArtificial joint replacement of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint is difficult with regard to morphology, small bone dimensions, complex biomechanics, and the strain of the hand. Further improvements, especially in design, should be achieved by exact anatomical imitation.

Published
2019

44. Anatomy of the trapeziometacarpal joint in the context of arthroplasty

Author

Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Jung, M., Mueller, L. P., Spies, C. K., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Hohendorff, B., Jung, M., Mueller, L. P., and Spies, C. K.

Abstract

The thumb has a crucial role in the hand due to its position with regard to the fingers. The CMC-1 joint enables an extraordinary range of motion, since its geometry allows for opposition. The former joint may often succumb to osteoarthritis because a great range of motion in combination with large forces, small contact areas, and thorough usage are always present. Joint replacement is challenged by the great range of motion based on the necessary joint stability and the demand for sufficient pain reduction. This review highlights the anatomy of the CMC-1 joint with regard to joint preplacement solutions.

Published
2019

45. Surgical approaches to the hand

Author

Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Wegmann, K., Mueller, L. P., Ries, C., Hohendorff, B., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Wegmann, K., Mueller, L. P., and Ries, C.

Abstract

Objective Accessibility of any anatomical structure of the hand via surgical approach. Indications Any surgical treatment of the hand. Contraindications Any contraindication to surgical treatment of the hand. Surgical technique Skin incision at the hand with access to any anatomical structure. Postoperative management Postoperative treatment depends on the disease and hand surgery performed.

Published
2019

46. Personalized risk prediction of postoperative cognitive impairment - rationale for the EU-funded BioCog project

Author

Winterer, G, Androsova, G, Bender, O, Boraschi, D, Borchers, F, Dschietzig, T B, Feinkohl, I, Fletcher, P, Gallinat, J, Hadzidiakos, D, Haynes, J D, Heppner, F, Hetzer, S, Hendrikse, J, Ittermann, B, Kant, I M J, Kraft, A, Krannich, A, Krause, R, Kühn, S, Lachmann, G, van Montfort, S J T, Müller, A, Nürnberg, P, Ofosu, K, Pietsch, M, Pischon, T, Preller, J, Renzulli, E, Scheurer, K, Schneider, R, Slooter, A J C, Spies, C, Stamatakis, E, Volk, H D, Weber, S, Wolf, A, Yürek, F, Zacharias, N, BioCog consortium, Winterer, G, Androsova, G, Bender, O, Boraschi, D, Borchers, F, Dschietzig, T B, Feinkohl, I, Fletcher, P, Gallinat, J, Hadzidiakos, D, Haynes, J D, Heppner, F, Hetzer, S, Hendrikse, J, Ittermann, B, Kant, I M J, Kraft, A, Krannich, A, Krause, R, Kühn, S, Lachmann, G, van Montfort, S J T, Müller, A, Nürnberg, P, Ofosu, K, Pietsch, M, Pischon, T, Preller, J, Renzulli, E, Scheurer, K, Schneider, R, Slooter, A J C, Spies, C, Stamatakis, E, Volk, H D, Weber, S, Wolf, A, Yürek, F, Zacharias, N, and BioCog consortium

Published
2018

47. Personalized risk prediction of postoperative cognitive impairment - rationale for the EU-funded BioCog project

Author

Winterer, G, Androsova, G, Bender, O, Boraschi, D, Borchers, F, Dschietzig, T B, Feinkohl, I, Fletcher, P, Gallinat, J, Hadzidiakos, D, Haynes, J D, Heppner, F, Hetzer, S, Hendrikse, J, Ittermann, B, Kant, I M J, Kraft, A, Krannich, A, Krause, R, Kühn, S, Lachmann, G, van Montfort, S J T, Müller, A, Nürnberg, P, Ofosu, K, Pietsch, M, Pischon, T, Preller, J, Renzulli, E, Scheurer, K, Schneider, R, Slooter, A J C, Spies, C, Stamatakis, E, Volk, H D, Weber, S, Wolf, A, Yürek, F, Zacharias, N, BioCog consortium, Winterer, G, Androsova, G, Bender, O, Boraschi, D, Borchers, F, Dschietzig, T B, Feinkohl, I, Fletcher, P, Gallinat, J, Hadzidiakos, D, Haynes, J D, Heppner, F, Hetzer, S, Hendrikse, J, Ittermann, B, Kant, I M J, Kraft, A, Krannich, A, Krause, R, Kühn, S, Lachmann, G, van Montfort, S J T, Müller, A, Nürnberg, P, Ofosu, K, Pietsch, M, Pischon, T, Preller, J, Renzulli, E, Scheurer, K, Schneider, R, Slooter, A J C, Spies, C, Stamatakis, E, Volk, H D, Weber, S, Wolf, A, Yürek, F, Zacharias, N, and BioCog consortium

Published
2018

48. Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Patients with Nosocomial Pneumonia - Update 2017

Author

Dalhoff, K., Abele-Horn, M., Andreas, S., Deja, M., Ewig, S., Gastmeier, P., Gatermann, S., Gerlach, H., Grabein, B., Heussel, C. P., Hoeffken, G., Kolditz, M., Kramme, E., Kuehl, H., Lange, C., Mayer, K., Nachtigall, I., Panning, M., Pletz, M., Rath, P-M., Rohde, G., Rosseau, S., Schaaf, B., Schreiter, D., Schuette, H., Seifert, H., Spies, C., Welte, T., Dalhoff, K., Abele-Horn, M., Andreas, S., Deja, M., Ewig, S., Gastmeier, P., Gatermann, S., Gerlach, H., Grabein, B., Heussel, C. P., Hoeffken, G., Kolditz, M., Kramme, E., Kuehl, H., Lange, C., Mayer, K., Nachtigall, I., Panning, M., Pletz, M., Rath, P-M., Rohde, G., Rosseau, S., Schaaf, B., Schreiter, D., Schuette, H., Seifert, H., Spies, C., and Welte, T.

Abstract

Nosocomial pneumonia (HAP) is a frequent complication of hospital care. Most data are available on ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, infections on general wards are increasing. A central issue are infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens which are difficult to treat in the empirical setting potentially leading to inappropriate use of antimicrobial therapy. This guideline update was compiled by an interdisciplinary group on the basis of a systematic literature review. Recommendations are made according to GRADE giving guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of HAP on the basis of quality of evidence and benefit/risk ratio. This guideline has two parts. First an update on epidemiology, spectrum of pathogens and antimicrobials is provided. In the second part recommendations for the management of diagnosis and treatment are given. New recommendations with respect to imaging, diagnosis of nosocomial viral pneumonia and prolonged infusion of antibacterial drugs have been added. The statements to risk factors for infections with MDR pathogens and recommendations for monotherapy vs combination therapy have been actualised. The importance of structured deescalation concepts and limitation of treatment duration is emphasized.

Published
2018

49. Ligamentous lesions and instability of the finger joints

Author

Spies, C. K., Langer, M., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Low, S., Unglaub, F., Spies, C. K., Langer, M., Mueller, L. P., Oppermann, J., Low, S., and Unglaub, F.

Abstract

Joint capsule and ligamentous lesions are common injuries of the upper extremities. Athletes are particularly inclined to suffer from these injuries. Clinical and radiological examinations are the cornerstone of an adequate treatment. Ultrasound-based diagnostics as a non-invasive and dynamic investigation method are gaining increasing relevance based on the development of high resolution probes. A correct interpretation of the findings is only feasible with a comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy. The most important goal is stability as a prerequisite for early active and passive motion with unrestricted range of motion.

Published
2018

50. Defect coverage of fingers and thumb. Indications and treatment

Author

Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Unglaub, J. M., Mueller, L. P., Hahn, P., Spies, C. K., Loew, S., Unglaub, F., Langer, M. F., Unglaub, J. M., Mueller, L. P., Hahn, P., Spies, C. K., and Loew, S.

Abstract

Due to the exposure of the hands in the daily routine, defect wounds of the hand are common. The injury severity varies and ranges from small fingertip defects to large soft tissue lesions with exposed tendons, nerves and vessels. The complete extent of the soft tissue defect is often only recognizable after meticulous debridement. A considerable variety of techniques for defect coverage are available to the surgeon but the actual challenge is to select the most appropriate procedure which will result in the smallest possible residual defect. This review article presents the diagnostic approaches to soft tissue defects of the hand and current treatment options.

Published
2018

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