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1. FESSTVaL: the Field Experiment on Submesoscale Spatio-Temporal Variability in Lindenberg

Author

Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, Wetz, Tamino, Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, and Wetz, Tamino

Abstract

Numerical weather prediction models operate on grid spacings of a few kilometers, where deep convection begins to become resolvable. Around this scale, the emergence of coherent structures in the planetary boundary layer, often hypothesized to be caused by cold pools, forces the transition from shallow to deep convection. Yet, the kilometer-scale range is typically not resolved by standard surface operational measurement networks. The measurement campaign FESSTVaL aimed at addressing this gap by observing atmospheric variability at the hectometer to kilometer scale, with a particular emphasis on cold pools, wind gusts and coherent patterns in the planetary boundary layer during summer. A unique feature was the distribution of 150 self-developed and low-cost instruments. More specifically, FESSTVaL included dense networks of 80 autonomous cold pool loggers, 19 weather stations and 83 soil sensor systems, all installed in a rural region of 15-km radius in eastern Germany, as well as self-developed weather stations handed out to citizens. Boundary layer and upper air observations were provided by 8 Doppler lidars and 4 microwave radiometers distributed at 3 supersites; water vapor and temperature were also measured by advanced lidar systems and an infrared spectrometer; and rain was observed by a X-band radar. An uncrewed aircraft, multicopters and a small radiometer network carried out additional measurements during a four-week period. In this paper, we present FESSTVaL’s measurement strategy and show first observational results including unprecedented highly-resolved spatio-temporal cold-pool structures, both in the horizontal as well as in the vertical dimension, associated with overpassing convective systems.

Published
2023
Full Text
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2. FESSTVaL: the Field Experiment on Submesoscale Spatio-Temporal Variability in Lindenberg

Author

Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan B., Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, Andrew D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, Wetz, Tamino, Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan B., Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, Andrew D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, and Wetz, Tamino

Abstract

Numerical weather prediction models operate on grid spacings of a few kilometers, where deep convection begins to become resolvable. Around this scale, the emergence of coherent structures in the planetary boundary layer, often hypothesized to be caused by cold pools, forces the transition from shallow to deep convection. Yet, the kilometer-scale range is typically not resolved by standard surface operational measurement networks. The measurement campaign FESSTVaL aimed at addressing this gap by observing atmospheric variability at the hectometer to kilometer scale, with a particular emphasis on cold pools, wind gusts and coherent patterns in the planetary boundary layer during summer. A unique feature was the distribution of 150 self-developed and low-cost instruments. More specifically, FESSTVaL included dense networks of 80 autonomous cold pool loggers, 19 weather stations and 83 soil sensor systems, all installed in a rural region of 15-km radius in eastern Germany, as well as self-developed weather stations handed out to citizens. Boundary layer and upper air observations were provided by 8 Doppler lidars and 4 microwave radiometers distributed at 3 supersites; water vapor and temperature were also measured by advanced lidar systems and an infrared spectrometer; and rain was observed by a X-band radar. An uncrewed aircraft, multicopters and a small radiometer network carried out additional measurements during a four-week period. In this paper, we present FESSTVaL’s measurement strategy and show first observational results including unprecedented highly-resolved spatio-temporal cold-pool structures, both in the horizontal as well as in the vertical dimension, associated with overpassing convective systems.

Published
2023

3. FESSTVaL: the Field Experiment on Submesoscale Spatio-Temporal Variability in Lindenberg

Author

Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, Wetz, Tamino, Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, and Wetz, Tamino

Abstract

Numerical weather prediction models operate on grid spacings of a few kilometers, where deep convection begins to become resolvable. Around this scale, the emergence of coherent structures in the planetary boundary layer, often hypothesized to be caused by cold pools, forces the transition from shallow to deep convection. Yet, the kilometer-scale range is typically not resolved by standard surface operational measurement networks. The measurement campaign FESSTVaL aimed at addressing this gap by observing atmospheric variability at the hectometer to kilometer scale, with a particular emphasis on cold pools, wind gusts and coherent patterns in the planetary boundary layer during summer. A unique feature was the distribution of 150 self-developed and low-cost instruments. More specifically, FESSTVaL included dense networks of 80 autonomous cold pool loggers, 19 weather stations and 83 soil sensor systems, all installed in a rural region of 15-km radius in eastern Germany, as well as self-developed weather stations handed out to citizens. Boundary layer and upper air observations were provided by 8 Doppler lidars and 4 microwave radiometers distributed at 3 supersites; water vapor and temperature were also measured by advanced lidar systems and an infrared spectrometer; and rain was observed by a X-band radar. An uncrewed aircraft, multicopters and a small radiometer network carried out additional measurements during a four-week period. In this paper, we present FESSTVaL’s measurement strategy and show first observational results including unprecedented highly-resolved spatio-temporal cold-pool structures, both in the horizontal as well as in the vertical dimension, associated with overpassing convective systems.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. FESSTVaL: the Field Experiment on Submesoscale Spatio-Temporal Variability in Lindenberg

Author

Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, Wetz, Tamino, Hohenegger, Cathy, Ament, Felix, Beyrich, Frank, Löhnert, Ulrich, Rust, Henning, Bange, Jens, Böck, Tobias, Böttcher, Christopher, Boventer, Jakob, Burgemeister, Finn, Clemens, Marco, Detring, Carola, Detring, Igor, Dewani, Noviana, Duran, Ivan Bastak, Fiedler, Stephanie, Göber, Martin, van Heerwaarden, Chiel, Heusinkveld, Bert, Kirsch, Bastian, Klocke, Daniel, Knist, Christine, Lange, Ingo, Lauermann, Felix, Lehmann, Volker, Lehmke, Jonas, Leinweber, Ronny, Lundgren, Kristina, Masbou, Matthieu, Mauder, Matthias, Mol, Wouter, Nevermann, Hannes, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Päschke, Eileen, Platis, Andreas, Reichardt, Jens, Rochette, Luc, Sakradzija, Mirjana, Schlemmer, Linda, Schmidli, Jürg, Shokri, Nima, Sobottke, Vincent, Speidel, Johannes, Steinheuer, Julian, Turner, David D., Vogelmann, Hannes, Wedemeyer, Christian, Weide-Luiz, Eduardo, Wiesner, Sarah, Wildmann, Norman, Wolz, Kevin, and Wetz, Tamino

Abstract

Numerical weather prediction models operate on grid spacings of a few kilometers, where deep convection begins to become resolvable. Around this scale, the emergence of coherent structures in the planetary boundary layer, often hypothesized to be caused by cold pools, forces the transition from shallow to deep convection. Yet, the kilometer-scale range is typically not resolved by standard surface operational measurement networks. The measurement campaign FESSTVaL aimed at addressing this gap by observing atmospheric variability at the hectometer to kilometer scale, with a particular emphasis on cold pools, wind gusts and coherent patterns in the planetary boundary layer during summer. A unique feature was the distribution of 150 self-developed and low-cost instruments. More specifically, FESSTVaL included dense networks of 80 autonomous cold pool loggers, 19 weather stations and 83 soil sensor systems, all installed in a rural region of 15-km radius in eastern Germany, as well as self-developed weather stations handed out to citizens. Boundary layer and upper air observations were provided by 8 Doppler lidars and 4 microwave radiometers distributed at 3 supersites; water vapor and temperature were also measured by advanced lidar systems and an infrared spectrometer; and rain was observed by a X-band radar. An uncrewed aircraft, multicopters and a small radiometer network carried out additional measurements during a four-week period. In this paper, we present FESSTVaL’s measurement strategy and show first observational results including unprecedented highly-resolved spatio-temporal cold-pool structures, both in the horizontal as well as in the vertical dimension, associated with overpassing convective systems.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Connecting land–atmosphere interactions to surface heterogeneity in CHEESEHEAD19

Author

Butterworth, Brian J., Desai, Ankur R., Townsend, Philip A., Petty, Grant W., Andresen, Christian G., Bertram, Timothy H., Kruger, Eric L., Mineau, James K., Olson, Erik R., Paleri, Sreenath, Pertzborn, Rosalyn A., Pettersen, Claire, Stoy, Paul C., Thom, Jonathan E., Vermeuel, Michael P., Wagner, Timothy J., Wright, Daniel B., Zheng, Ting, Metzger, Stefan, Schwartz, Mark D., Iglinski, Trevor J., Mauder, Matthias, Speidel, Johannes, Vogelmann, Hannes, Wanner, Luise, Augustine, Travis J., Brown, William O. J., Oncley, Steven P., Buban, Michael, Lee, Temple R., Cleary, Patricia, Durden, David J., Florian, Christopher R., Lantz, Kathleen, Riihimaki, Laura D., Sedlar, Joseph, Meyers, Tilden P., Plummer, David M., Guzman, Eliceo Ruiz, Smith, Elizabeth N., Sühring, Matthias, Turner, David D., Wang, Zhien, White, Loren D., Wilczak, James M., Butterworth, Brian J., Desai, Ankur R., Townsend, Philip A., Petty, Grant W., Andresen, Christian G., Bertram, Timothy H., Kruger, Eric L., Mineau, James K., Olson, Erik R., Paleri, Sreenath, Pertzborn, Rosalyn A., Pettersen, Claire, Stoy, Paul C., Thom, Jonathan E., Vermeuel, Michael P., Wagner, Timothy J., Wright, Daniel B., Zheng, Ting, Metzger, Stefan, Schwartz, Mark D., Iglinski, Trevor J., Mauder, Matthias, Speidel, Johannes, Vogelmann, Hannes, Wanner, Luise, Augustine, Travis J., Brown, William O. J., Oncley, Steven P., Buban, Michael, Lee, Temple R., Cleary, Patricia, Durden, David J., Florian, Christopher R., Lantz, Kathleen, Riihimaki, Laura D., Sedlar, Joseph, Meyers, Tilden P., Plummer, David M., Guzman, Eliceo Ruiz, Smith, Elizabeth N., Sühring, Matthias, Turner, David D., Wang, Zhien, White, Loren D., and Wilczak, James M.

Abstract

The Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-Balance Study Enabled by a High-Density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019 (CHEESEHEAD19) is an ongoing National Science Foundation project based on an intensive field campaign that occurred from June to October 2019. The purpose of the study is to examine how the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) responds to spatial heterogeneity in surface energy fluxes. One of the main objectives is to test whether lack of energy balance closure measured by eddy covariance (EC) towers is related to mesoscale atmospheric processes. Finally, the project evaluates data-driven methods for scaling surface energy fluxes, with the aim to improve model–data comparison and integration. To address these questions, an extensive suite of ground, tower, profiling, and airborne instrumentation was deployed over a 10 km × 10 km domain of a heterogeneous forest ecosystem in the Chequamegon–Nicolet National Forest in northern Wisconsin, United States, centered on an existing 447-m tower that anchors an AmeriFlux/NOAA supersite (US-PFa/WLEF). The project deployed one of the world’s highest-density networks of above-canopy EC measurements of surface energy fluxes. This tower EC network was coupled with spatial measurements of EC fluxes from aircraft; maps of leaf and canopy properties derived from airborne spectroscopy, ground-based measurements of plant productivity, phenology, and physiology; and atmospheric profiles of wind, water vapor, and temperature using radar, sodar, lidar, microwave radiometers, infrared interferometers, and radiosondes. These observations are being used with large-eddy simulation and scaling experiments to better understand submesoscale processes and improve formulations of subgrid-scale processes in numerical weather and climate models.

Published
2021

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